Virtual Private Network (VPN) adalah solusi koneksi private melalui jaringan publik.

Dengan VPN maka kita dapat membuat jaringan di dalam jaringan atau biasa disebut tunnel. Solusi VPN ada beberapa macam. Antara lain: 1. IPSEC, solusi VPN via IP Secure Protocol. Solusi yang sudah distandarisasi tapi paling susah dikonfigurasi. Tingkat keamanan yang cukup baik namun dalam implementasinya cukup rumit. Aplikasi yang digunakan yang berbasis open source yaitu Open/Free Swan. 2. PPPT, solusi VPN versi awal. Merupakan solusi VPN dengan feature standar dimana jaringan dibangun dengan point to point seperti halnya anda melakukan dial up pada internet dirumah. Pada saat dial up ke provider internet ada maka akan dibangun point to point tunnel melalui jaringan telepon. Aplikasi OpenSource yang menggunakan PPPT adalah PopTop. 3. VPN with SSL, merupakan solusi VPN dengan menerapkan protocol Secure Socket Layer(SSL) pada enkripsi jaringan tunnel yang dibuat. Solusi ini diawali dengan aplikasi OpenVPN. Selain gratis karena open source juga memiliki kemudahan implementasi. Saya lebih memilih menggunakan OpenVPN karena kemudahan implementasinya serta bersifat multiplatform dapat dijalankan pada Linux ataupun Windows. Kali ini saya coba menginstal VPN pada jaringan LAN sederhana dengan menggunakan OpenVPN dan dengan OS Centos 5.

VPN Server : OS : CentOS Linux V5.3/kernel 2.6.18-128.EL5 Real IP : 192.168.48.200 VPN IP : 10.8.0.1 VPN Client : OS : Windows XP Real IP : 192.168.48.1 VPN IP : 10.8.0.x (server assigned)

============== VPN Server ============== 1. Download paket-paket yang diperlukan. view sourceprint?
1.#wget http://openvpn.net/release/openvpn-2.0.9.tar.gz 2.#wget http://openvpn.net/release/lzo-1.08-4.rf.src.rpm 3.#ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/centos.karan.org/el5/extras/testing/i386/RPMS/l zo-devel-2.02-3.el5.kb.i386.rpm 4.#ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/centos.karan.org/el5/extras/testing/i386/RPMS/l zo-2.02-3.el5.kb.i386.rpm

2. Install dan build file download. Sebelum memulai instalasi sebaiknya Anda menginstal repository berikut ini. view sourceprint?
1.#yum 2.#yum 3.#yum 4.#yum 5.#yum install install install install install rpm-build autoconf.noarch zlib-devel pam-devel openssl-devel

Bila dependencies diatas telah terinstall, ikutilah langkah berikut ini untuk memulai instalasi: view sourceprint?
01.#rpm -ivh 02. 03.#rpm -ivh 04. 05.#rpmbuild 06. 07.#rpm -Uvh 08. 09.#rpmbuild 10. 11.#rpm -Uvh lzo-2.02-3.el5.kb.i386.rpm lzo-devel-2.02-3.el5.kb.i386.rpm --rebuild lzo-1.08-4.rf.src.rpm /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/lzo-*.rpm -tb openvpn-2.0.9.tar.gz /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386 openvpn-2.0.9-1.i386.rpm

3. Copy contoh file konfigurasi berikut. Hal ini untuk mempercepat proses konfigurasi OpenVPN view sourceprint?
1.#cp -r /usr/share/doc/openvpn-2.0.9/easy-rsa/ /etc/openvpn/ 2.#cp /usr/share/doc/openvpn-2.0.9/sample-config-files/server.conf /etc/openvpn/

4. Konfigurasi Certificate Authority (CA) view sourceprint?

01.#cd /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/ 02.#vi vars 03.export KEY_COUNTRY=ID 04.export KEY_PROVINCE=Sulteng 05.export KEY_CITY=Palu 06.export KEY_ORG="VPNTKJ" 07.export KEY_EMAIL="my@vpn.mail" 08. 09.#. ./vars 10.#./clean-all

5. Build root Certificate Authority (CA) view sourceprint?

01.#./build-ca 02.......++++++ 03.writing new private key to 'ca.key' 04.----05.You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated 06.into your certificate request. 07.What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. 08.There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank 09.For some fields there will be a default value, 10.If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. 11.----12.Country Name (2 letter code) [ID]: 13.State or Province Name (full name) [SULTENG]: 14.Locality Name (eg, city) [PALU]: 15.Organization Name (eg, company) [VPNTKJ]: 16.Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:tkj 17.Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:VPN 18.Email Address [my@vpn.mail]:

6. Build Server Key dan Server Certificate view sourceprint?

01.#./build-key-server vpnsrv1 02.Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key 03......++++++ 04.........................++++++ 05.writing new private key to 'vpnsrv1.key' 06.----07.You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated 08.into your certificate request. 09.What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. 10.There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank 11.For some fields there will be a default value, 12.If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. 13.----14.Country Name (2 letter code) [ID]: 15.State or Province Name (full name) [SULTENG]: 16.Locality Name (eg, city) [PALU]: 17.Organization Name (eg, company) [VPNTKJ]: 18.Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:tkj 19.Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:VPN 20.Email Address [my@vpn.mail]: 21. 22.Please enter the following 'extra' attributes 23.to be sent with your certificate request 24.A challenge password []: 25.An optional company name []: 26.Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/openssl.cnf 27.Check that the request matches the signature 28.Signature ok 29.The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows 30.countryName :PRINTABLE:'ID' 31.stateOrProvinceName :PRINTABLE:'SULTENG' 32.localityName :PRINTABLE:'PALU' 33.organizationName :PRINTABLE:'VPNTKJ' 34.organizationalUnitName:PRINTABLE:'tkj' 35.commonName :PRINTABLE:'VPN' 36.emailAddress :IA5STRING:'my@vpn.mail' 37.Certificate is to be certified until Jun 27 05:21:29 2017 GMT (3650 days) 38.Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y 39. 40.1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y 41.Write out database with 1 new entries 42.Data Base Updated

7. Build parameter Diffie Hellman parameters view sourceprint?

1.#./build-dh 2.Generating DH parameters, 1024 bit long safe prime, generator 2 3.This is going to take a long time 4...........

8. Copy file CA view sourceprint?

1.#cp 2.#cp 3.#cp 4.#cp keys/ca.crt ../ keys/dh1024.pem ../ keys/vpnsrv1.key ../ keys/vpnsrv1.crt ../

9. Konfigurasi server untuk OpenVPN view sourceprint?

1.#cd ../ 2.#vi server.conf 3.dev tap 4.;dev tun 5.ca ca.crt 6.cert vpnsrv1.crt 7.key vpnsrv1.key # This file should be kept secret

10. Startup service view sourceprint?

1.#service openvpn restart 2.#chkconfig openvpn on

============== VPN Client ============== 1. Download dan install OpenVPN GUI untuk Windows view sourceprint?
1.http://openvpn.se/files/install_packages/openvpn-2.0.9-gui-1.0.3install.exe

2. Konfigurasi CA cmd.exe >cd C:\\Program Files\OpenVPN\easy-rsa >init-config.bat >edit vars.bat set KEY_COUNTRY=ID set KEY_PROVINCE=SULTENG set KEY_CITY=PALU set KEY_ORG=VPNTKJ set KEY_EMAIL=my@vpn.mail (PS. Above must be same as the server) 3. Klik dua kali vars.bat atau jalankan file batch ini melalui command-line seperti perintah di bawah ini. >vars.bat >clean-all.bat 4. Build CA client key dan client scr >md keys >build-ca >build-key vpnclient 5. Copy file client csr ke server. Pastikan copy keys/vpnclient.csr dari client ke direktori /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys pada server. view sourceprint?
01.#cd /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/ 02.#./sign-req vpnclient 03.Check that the request matches the signature 04.Signature ok 05.The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows 06.countryName :PRINTABLE:'ID' 07.stateOrProvinceName :PRINTABLE:'SULTENG' 08.localityName :PRINTABLE:'PALU' 09.organizationName :PRINTABLE:'VPNTKJ' 10.organizationalUnitName:PRINTABLE:'tkj' 11.commonName :PRINTABLE:'vpnclient' 12.emailAddress :IA5STRING:'my@vpn.mail' 13.Certificate is to be certified until Jun 27 06:40:48 2017 GMT (3650 days) 14.Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y 15. 16.1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y 17.Write out database with 1 new entries 18.Data Base Updated

6. Kembali pada client, install file CA (seperti vpnclient.crt dan ca.crt) Copy file crt (vpnclient.crt)yang telah dibuat di server dan file ca.crt dari server ke direktori Program Files/OpenVPN/config pada client. >cd ..\config >copy ..\easy-rsa\keys\vpnclient.key .\ 7. Konfigurasi client untuk OpenVPN >copy ..\sample-config\client.ovpn .\ Right-Click the OpenVPN GUI icon in the bottom right-hand corner, select Edit Config dev tap ;dev tun dev-node VPN_Tap remote 192.168.48.200 1194 ca ca.crt cert vpnclient.crt key vpnclient.key ns-cert-type server 8. Konfigurasi network interface untuk OpenVPN Pilih Control Panel > Network Connection > TAP-Win32#(#) Ganti nama interface tersebut menjadi VPN_Tap 9. Startup connection pada client Pada task-bar, pilih OpenVPN GUI > click kiri Connect Sampai disini Anda dapat melakukan koneksi ke OpenVPN server melalui VPN client menggunakan UDP connection. Silahkan mencoba!

http://yustian.web.id/jaringan/instalasi-vpn-di-linux-menggunakan-openvpn/