FRCa-1
Primary
Reformer
FI-51
FRCa-3
Secondary
Reformer
Cosorb
HTSC
LTSC
FRCa-2
Gambar. Skema aliran masuk-keluar actual pada shift converter
Dimana:
FRCa-1
FRCa-2
FRCa-3
FI-106
FI-51
%mol
7.39
0.01
2.75
0
84.62
2.43
1.73
0.39
0.17
99.49
MR
44.01
39.95
28.01
2.02
16.04
30.07
44.09
58.12
72.15
334.46
Diket:
Faktor koreksi alat (FRCa-1)
Tekanan alat (P-RCa-27)
Temperatur indicator alat (TI-1-55)
Berat molekul umpan (MW)
FRCa 1 = R 3000
= 7.192 div
= 38.5 kg/cm2
= 168 0C (441,15 K)
= 19,756 kg/kmol
(( P RCa 1) + 1,03 MW
441,7
43,33
18,3 TI 1 55
Kg / jam
43,33
18,3
441,15
FRCa 1 = 21425,675
21425,675 Kg / jam
19,756 Kg / kmol
FRCa 1 = 1084,5148 Kmol / jam
FRCa 1 =
MW
%mol
CO2
44.01
7.39
Ar
N2
H2
39.95
28.01
2.02
0.01
2.75
0
CH4
16.04
84.62
C2H6
30.07
2.43
C3H8
44.09
1.73
Ar
80.556
0
0
0
1844.
8
79.46
6
75.43
3
0
0
0
0.109
0
0
0
59.954
0
C4H10
C5H12
Total
58.12
72.15
334.4
6
247.084943
4.251289465
7 17.005 21.256
1.853126177 133.7030537 9.2656 11.119
0.39
0.17
99.49
1084.51484
21193.7005
1139
2032
0
0
80.56
0
0
0.10
9
0
0
59.95
39 ,33
TI 2
FRCa
2 = R 12000
FRCa
2 =5,725 12000
FRCa
FRCa
FRCa
41 ,058 +1,03
600
39 ,33
614 ,483
Komposisi steam adalah 100% H2O, dengan demikian perhitungan laju alir
steam adalah:
Laju alir steam = laju alir H2O
Dimana,
100 3901,4145
Kmol / jam
100
MR
%mol
H2O
Total
18.02
18.02
100
100
Laju Alir
kmol/jam
kg/jam
70303.48
3901.4145
9
3901.414 70303.489
Ar
0
0
7802.829
7802.829
1950.7072
1950.707
0
0
0
0
% mol
0.28
26.1
73.45
0.17
100
Diket:
Faktor koreksi alat (R-FI-106) = 7,26 div
Tekanan alat (PI-22)
= 71 kg/cm2
Temperatur dalam HE (Thi-32)
= 144 0C (417,15 K)
FI 106 = R 200
(( PI 22 ) +1,03 )
250
75 ,55
Thi 32
71 +1,03
250
75 ,55
417 ,15
22 ,4 Nm 3 / kmol
FI 106 = 48 ,998406 Kmol / jam
MR
%mol
Ar
N2
39.95
28.01
0.28
26.1
H2
CH4
2.02
16.04
73.45
0.17
Total
100
kmol/jam
C
H
kmol/jam kg/jam
5.480961
0.1371955
7
0
0
12.788584 358.20824
0
0
72.69844
35.989329
5
0
35.989
0.0832973 1.3360885 0.0833 0.1666
36.15
48.99841 437.7237 0.0833
6
Ar
0
0
0.1372
0
0
25.577
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.1372
25.577
Dengan demikian, laju alir masuk total dari gas umpan, steam, dan recycle menuju
primary reformer dirangkum menjadi:
Tabel.
Komposisi
MR
Ar
CO2
Ar
N2
H2
44.01
39.95
28.01
2.02
80.556485
0.246203
42.765625
35.989329
CH4
16.04
922.5041
C2H6
30.07
26.488804
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
H2O
44.09
58.12
72.15
18.02
18.858284
4.2512895
1.8531262
3901.4145
Total
352.48
5034.928
3545.290904 80.5565
0
80.5565
0
9.835808205
0
0
0
0.2462
1197.865158
0
0
0
0
72.69844492
0
35.9893
0
0
1845.0
14796.96582 922.504
1
0
0
79.466
796.5183239 52.9776
4
0
0
56.574 75.433
831.4617431
9
1
0
0
247.0849437 17.0052 21.2564
0
0
133.7030537 9.26563 11.1188
0
0
70303.48903
0
7802.83 1950.71
0
0.246
91934.91323 1138.9 9871.1 2031.3
2
%CH 4
atomCmasuk
%CH 4 + %CO + %CO 2
Untuk CO
COkeluar =
%CH 4
%CH 4
atomCmasuk
+ %CO + %CO 2
0
0
85.531
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
85.531
Untuk CO2
CO 2 keluar =
%CO 2
atomCmasuk
%CH 4 + %CO + %CO 2
= CH 4 keluar CH 4 masuk
CO 2terbentuk
= 367.145053 5 kmol/jam
Reaksi-reaksi yang terjadi dan perbandingan mol pada primary reformer adalah
sebagai berikut.
1.
CH4 +
Awal :
Reaksi :
Sisa :
H2O CO
+ 3H2
3901.414
922.504
5
587.761 587.76111 587.7611 1763.28
334.74 3313.653
3
4 587.7611 1763.28
2.
Awal :
Reaksi :
Sisa :
3313.653
26.4888
4
26.4888 105.95521
0 3207.6982
52.9776 185.422
52.9776 185.422
3.
Awal :
Reaksi :
Sisa :
18.8583 3207.6982
18.8583 113.1497
3094.548
0
5
56.5748 188.583
56.5748 188.583
4.
Awal :
Rx :
Sisa :
3094.548
5
34.01031
4.25129
6
0 3060.5381
4.25129
17.0051 55.2668
17.0051 55.2668
5.
C5H12 +
Awal :
Rx :
Sisa :
6.
3060.53814
1.85313
4
1.85313 18.53126177
0 3042.006882
CO +
Awal :
Rx :
Sisa :
9.2656
9.2656
H2O CO2
29.65
29.65
+ H2
587.761 3042.006882
231.322 231.3218055 231.3218 231.322
356.44 2810.68508 231.3218 231.322
MR
CO
28.01
CO2
Ar
N2
44.01
39.95
28.01
H2
2.02
CH4
16.04
H2O
18.02
Laju Alir
kmol/jam
kg/jam
356.439301 9983.86484
8
3
447.701538 19703.3447
5
1
0.246202959 9.835808205
42.76562505 1197.865158
2489.51570
4
5028.821721
334.742996
4
5369.277663
50648.5450
2810.685077
9
Total
176.06
6482.09645
91941.555
C
356.43
9
447.70
2
0
0
Ar
178.22
447.70
2
0
0
0
0.2462
0
0
0
85.531
0
0.246
2
0
334.74
3
0
0
4979.0
3
669.48
6
5621.37
0
1405.3
4
11270
2031.3
1138.9
Masuk Primary
kmol/h
kg/h
0
0
80.55648498
3545.290904
0.246202959
9.835808205
42.76562505
1197.865158
Keluar Primary
kmol/h
kg/h
356.4393018
9983.864843
447.7015385
19703.34471
0.246202959
9.835808205
42.76562505
1197.865158
85.531
H2
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
H2O
Total
35.98932917
922.5041037
26.48880359
18.85828404
4.251289465
1.853126177
3901.414486
5034.927735
72.69844492
14796.96582
796.5183239
831.4617431
247.0849437
133.7030537
70303.48903
91934.91323
2489.515704
334.7429964
0
0
0
0
2810.685077
6482.096445
5028.821721
5369.277663
0
0
0
0
50648.54509
91941.55499
100%
= 63.7136577 4%
Masuk Primary
kmol/h
kg/h
0
0
80.55648498
3545.290904
0.246202959
9.835808205
42.76562505
1197.865158
35.98932917
72.69844492
922.5041037
14796.96582
26.48880359
796.5183239
18.85828404
831.4617431
4.251289465
247.0849437
1.853126177
133.7030537
3901.414486
70303.48903
5034.927735
91934.91323
Keluar Primary
kmol/h
kg/h
356.4393018
9983.864843
447.7015385
19703.34471
0.246202959
9.835808205
42.76562505
1197.865158
2489.515704
5028.821721
334.7429964
5369.277663
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2810.685077
50648.54509
6482.096445
91941.55499
%mol
O2
N2
Ar
CO2
Total
20.99
78.04
0.94
0.03
100
(( PRa 48 ) +1,03 )
503
35 ,73
TI 6
FR 3 =7,342 5000
FR 3 =31776 Nm
25 ,492 +1,03
503
35 ,73
498 ,317
/ jam
31776 Nm 3 / jam
22 ,4 Nm 3 / kmol
FR 3 =1418.6 kmol/jam
FR 3 =
MW
%mol
O2
N2
Ar
CO2
Total
32
28.01
39.95
44.01
20.99
78.04
0.94
0.03
100
Laju Alir
kmol/h
kg/h
297.7601488 9528.324763
1107.060601 31008.76744
13.33466126 532.7197175
0.425574296 18.72952475
1418.580985 41088.54144
Ar
595.52
0
0
0
2214.12
0
0
0
13.335
0.85115
0
0
596.37 2214.1 13.335
C
0
0
0
0.4256
0.4256
FR 3 = R 500
(( PIC 25 ) +1,03 )
600
39 ,33
TI 2
FR 3 =5,725 12000
41 ,058 +1,03
600
39 ,33
614 ,483
FR 3 =2926.1 Kg / jam
2926.1 Kg / jam
FR 3 =
18 ,000 kmol / jam
FR 3 =162.56 Kmol / jam
MR
%mol
H2O
18.02
100
Total
18.02
100
Laju Alir
kmol/jam
kg/jam
162.5589369 2929.312043
162.558936
9
2929.312043
Ar
325.12
81.279468
325.12
81.279468
komposisi
MW
CO
28.01
356.4393018
9983.864843
CO2
Ar
N2
44.01
39.95
28.01
448.1271128
13.58086422
1149.826226
19722.07423
542.5555257
32206.63259
H2
2.02
2489.515704
5028.821721
CH4
16.04
334.7429964
5369.277663
0
334.74
3
H2O
O2
Total
18.02
32
208.1
2973.244014
297.7601488
8063.236368
53577.85713
9528.324763
135959.4085
0
0
1139.3
356.43
9
448.12
7
0
0
Ar
178.22
0
0
0
4979.0
3
669.48
6
5946.4
9
0
11595
896.254
0
0
13.581
0
0
0
2973.24
0
595.52
0
4643.2 13.581
0
0
2299.7
0
0
2299.7
%CH 4
%CH 4
atomCmasuk
+ %CO + %CO 2
Untuk CO
COkeluar =
%CO
%CH 4 + %CO + %CO 2
atomCmasuk
Untuk CO2
CO 2 keluar =
%CO 2
atomCmasuk
+ %CO + %CO 2
%CH 4
Reaksi-reaksi yang terjadi dan perbandingan mol pada primary reformer adalah
sebagai berikut.
1.
Awal :
Rx :
Sisa :
2.
CH4 +
H2O CO
334.743
2973.244
CO
Awal :
Rx :
H2O CO2
3H2
980.43140
4
980.43140
4
H2
683.24977 2973.244
47.655921 47.655921 47.655921 47.6559207
Sisa :
3.
2H2
Awal :
Rx :
O2 2H2O
2489.5157 297.76015
595.5203 297.76015
1893.995
4
0
Sisa :
595.5203
595.5203
Komposisi
MR
CO
28.01
635.5938489
17802.98371
CO2
Ar
N2
44.01
39.95
28.01
495.7830335
13.58086422
1149.826226
21819.4113
542.5555257
32206.63259
H2
CH4
2.02
16.04
2922.08273
7.932528536
5902.607115
127.2377577
H2O
O2
18.02
32
3194.297923
0
57561.24857
0
8419.09715
135962.6766
Total
208.06
C
635.59
4
495.78
3
0
0
Ar
317.8
0
991.57
0
0
0
13.581
0
0
0
5844.1
0
7
0
0
7.93253 15.8651
0
0
3194.
0
6388.6
3
0
0
0
0
0
4503.
1139.3
12249
7 13.581
Masuk Secondary
kmol/h
kg/h
356.4393018 9983.864843
448.1271128 19722.07423
13.58086422 542.5555257
1149.826226 32206.63259
2489.515704 5028.821721
Keluar Secondary
kmol/h
kg/h
635.5938489 17802.98371
495.7830335
21819.4113
13.58086422 542.5555257
1149.826226 32206.63259
2922.08273 5902.607115
0
0
2299.7
0
0
0
0
2299.7
CH4
H2O
O2
Total
334.7429964
2973.244014
297.7601488
8063.236368
5369.277663
53577.85713
9528.324763
135959.4085
7.932528536
3194.297923
0
8419.097155
127.2377577
57561.24857
0
135962.6766
100%
= 97.630263%
Komposisi
MR
CO
28.01
635.5938489
17802.98371
CO2
Ar
N2
44.01
39.95
28.01
495.7830335
13.58086422
1149.826226
21819.4113
542.5555257
32206.63259
H2
CH4
2.02
16.04
2922.08273
7.932528536
5902.607115
127.2377577
H2O
O2
18.02
32
3194.297923
0
57561.24857
0
8419.09715
135962.6766
Total
208.06
C
635.59
4
495.78
3
0
0
Ar
317.8
0
991.57
0
0
0
13.581
0
0
0
5844.1
0
7
0
0
7.93253 15.8651
0
0
3194.
0
6388.6
3
0
0
0
0
0
4503.
1139.3
12249
7 13.581
0
0
2299.7
0
0
0
0
2299.7
komposisi
CO
CO2
Ar
N2
H2
CH4
Total
%mol
12.82
10
0.24
23.24
53.54
0.16
100
Nm 3
jam
1
3
Nm
jam
FQ 251 = 15.9356398 8 kmol/jam
Tabel.
22,4
1hari
24 jam
%mol
12.82
10
0.24
23.24
53.54
0.16
100
kmol/h
2.042949033
1.593563988
0.038245536
3.703442708
8.531941592
0.025497024
15.93563988
Komposisi
CO
CO2
O
316.7754
988.3789
Ar
N2
H2
CH4
H2O
Total
39.95
28.01
2.02
16.04
18.02
176.06
13.54261869
1146.122783
2913.550789
7.907031512
3183.172592
8392.036184
541.0276165
0
32102.89916
0
5885.372593
0
126.8287855 7.907032
57360.77011
0
135511.9375 1135.65
0
0
0
0
3183.173
4488.33
Dengan demikian:
CO2 keluar = 0,17x
= 1013.952 kmol/jam
CO keluar = 0,0202x
= 113.788 kmol/jam
CO bereaksi = CO masuk CO keluar
= 519.7629 kmol/jam
Reaksi yang terjadi di HTSC adalah:
CO
awal
Reaksi
Sisa
633.5509
519.7629
113.788
H2O
3183.172592
519.7629106
2663.409682
CO2
H2
519.7629106 519.7629
519.7629106 519.7629
Sehingga:
H2O keluar = H2O masuk - H2O bereaksi
= 2663.41 kmol/jam
H2 keluar = H2 masuk - H2 terbentuk
= 3433.314 kmol/jam
Tabel.
Komposisi
MW
CO
CO2
Ar
N2
H2
CH4
H2O
Total
28.01
44.01
39.95
28.01
2.02
16.04
18.02
176.06
O
56.89399
2027.905
0
0
0
0
2663.41
4748.21
MW
CO
CO2
Ar
N2
H2
CH4
H2O
Total
28.01
44.01
39.95
28.01
2.02
16.04
18.02
176.06
HTSC in
kmol/h
kg/h
633.5508999 17745.76071
494.1894695 21749.27855
13.54261869 541.0276165
1146.122783 32102.89916
2913.550789 5885.372593
7.907031512 126.8287855
3183.172592 57360.77011
8392.036184 135511.9375
HTSC out
kmol/h
kg/h
113.7879893 3187.201581
1013.95238 44624.04425
13.54261869 541.0276165
1146.122783 32102.89916
3433.313699 6935.293673
7.907031512 126.8287855
2663.409682 47994.64246
8392.03618
135511.938
0.1%
CO
Apabila dimisalkan, aliran keluar HTSC = x
Maka.
Atom C pada CO2
= 0,19x
Atom C pada CO
= 0,001x
Atom C pada CH4
= 7.907031512 kmol/jam
Total atom C masuk HTSC = Atom C pada CO2 + Atom C pada CO + Atom C pada
CH4
1135.65 = 0,19x + 0,001x + 7.907031512
1127.740369 = 0.191x
x = 5904.39984 kmol/jam
Dengan demikian:
CO2 keluar = 0,19x
= 1121.836 kmol/jam
CO keluar = 0,001x
= 5.9044 kmol/jam
CO bereaksi = CO masuk CO keluar
= 107.8836 kmol/jam
Reaksi yang terjadi di HTSC adalah:
CO
Awal :
Reaksi :
Sisa :
113.788
107.8836
5.9044
H2O
2663.409682
107.8835895
2555.526092
CO2
107.8835895
107.8835895
H2
107.8835895
107.8835895
Sehingga:
H2O keluar = H2O masuk - H2O bereaksi
= 2555.526092 kmol/jam
H2 keluar = H2 masuk - H2 terbentuk
= 3541.197 kmol/jam
Tabel.
Komposisi
MW
CO
CO2
Ar
N2
28.01
44.01
39.95
28.01
O
2.9522
2243.672
0
0
H2
CH4
H2O
Total
2.02
16.04
18.02
176.0
6
3541.197289
7.907031512
2555.526092
7153.218524
0
126.8287855 7.907032
46050.58018
0
8392.036184
135511.9375
0
0
1277.763
1135.65
3524.39
MW
CO
CO2
Ar
N2
H2
CH4
H2O
Total
28.01
44.01
39.95
28.01
2.02
16.04
18.02
176.06
LTSC in
kmol/h
kg/h
113.7879893 3187.201581
1013.95238 44624.04425
13.54261869 541.0276165
1146.122783 32102.89916
3433.313699 6935.293673
7.907031512 126.8287855
2663.409682 47994.64246
8392.036184 135511.9375
LTSC out
kmol/h
kg/h
5.90439984 165.3822395
1121.83597 49372.00102
13.54261869 541.0276165
1146.122783 32102.89916
3541.197289 7153.218524
7.907031512 126.8287855
2555.526092 46050.58018
8392.03618
135511.938
2913.5508 5885.3726
7.9070315 126.82879
H2O
Total
3183.1726
8392.036
57360.77
135511.9
HTSC out
kmol/h
kg/h
LTSC in
kmol/h
kg/h
113.78799 3187.2016
44624.04
1013.9524
4
13.542619 541.02762
1146.1228 32102.899
3433.313
7 6935.2937
7.9070315 126.82879
47994.64
2663.4097
2
8392.036 135511.9
113.78799 3187.2016
44624.04
1013.9524
4
13.542619 541.02762
1146.1228 32102.899
3433.313
7 6935.2937
7.9070315 126.82879
47994.64
2663.4097
2
8392.036 135511.9
LTSC out
kmol/h
kg/h
5.904399
8 165.38224
1121.836
13.542619
1146.1228
3541.197
3
7.9070315
49372.001
541.02762
32102.899
2555.5261
8392.036
46050.58
135511.9
CO masuk - CO keluar
HTSC
CO masuk
7153.2185
126.82879
CO masuk - CO keluar
LTSC
CO masuk
Performa (%)
106.9129572
101.5359551
100.6184585