,

" "

: -2
:

. .

5-
-71

-7106

___ __________ 2012 p.
: _________
___ __________ 2012 p.

2012

..................................................................................................................... 5
1. ................................................................................... 6
1.1
................................................................................................................... 6
1.1.1 ...................................................... 6
1.1.2 ..................................................................................... 11
1.1.3 ....................................................... 12
1.2 ............................... 13
1.2.1 ................................................................................... 14
1.2.2 .............................................................. 15
1.3 ..................................... 15
1.3.1 ...................................................................... 16
1.3.2 ................................................................................ 17
2. ................. 19
2.1 ................................................... 19
2.2 ............................ 20
3.
............................................................ 24
3.1 .................................. 24
3.2 ............................................................ 25
3.3 .......................................... 26
3.4 ............ 28
3.5 ............................................. 30
3.6 ................ 31
3.7 .................................................... 33
4.
.............................................. 34
4.1 ................................... 34

4.2 ............................................................................ 35
4.3 .......................... 36
4.4 ................................................................. 38
4.5 ................................................................... 38
4.6 ................................................................. 39
4.7 RS-485 .............................................................. 40
5.
.......................................................................... 42
........................................................................................................... 49
...................................................... 50

,
IGBT-, .
,
.

.
, ,
- .
:
GTO-;
IGBT- ;

;

;

.

1.
1.1

1.1.1
-
(), :
- ;
-

;
- ,
;
- .
-
( ) ,

.
, ,

,
[1].

.
.
u* (t ) ,
Vd
, u (t )

.
. 1.1.

1.1


, ,
, .
T0 1 / 2 f s , f s - ,
.
, - ,
. 1.2.

1.2 -

uM . ,
0, ,
1. a, b, c -
, , , , ,
1 , 0
.
, . 1.3,
p (a, b, c)T .
a, b, c Q2 , Q4 , Q6 ,
a, b, c .

1.3
. 1.4
.
. 1.5
T0 .
, ua , ub , uc
. , ,
.

1.4
() - m 0.5 mmax , () - m mmax

1.5

10

,
.
.

. 1.6.

Rz
K1
VD1

VD3

VD4
Rc

VT1

VT3

VT5

C1

B
C
VD2

VD4

VD5
VTc

VT2

VT4

VT6

1.6
( VD1 VD6 ),
.
.
( R , Qc ) .
IGBT ( Q1 Q6 ) ,

.

11

1.1.2
,

.
0 .
.
.
. 1.7 [2].

,
. ,
.

, .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- - .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ,
.

12
A

T1

T2

T3

M
1.7
1.1.3
()
, -
- (. 1.8).
.
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .

13

:
- 87%
;
- ;
- .

K1
K2

K3
K4
K5

K6

K7
K8

K9

1.8
1.2
,
.
.
:
- -, 0 1
,
,
;
- , -
;

14

- ,
.
:
-
;
- ;
-
.
,
.

, .
1.2.1

, ,
.
,
.

, , ,
, .

( , , ).
().

15

1.2.2

.
.
.
,
Y A B C (MAC) .
.
,
,

.
1.3

1.9 .

16

. 1.9,
MOSFET ( ) IGBT (
), 80-.

, GTO ,
,
.., , ,
, [3].

. 1.10 [4].

1.10
IGBT MOSFET ,
.
,
, IGBT.
1.3.1
(GTO Gate Turn-Off Thyristor)
,
. , GTO

, ,

17

.

GTO ' [5].

,
. 250-300 .
GTO G (Gate Commutated Thyristor).
G (10 100 )
.
, ,
(IGCT - Integrated Gate
Commutated Thyristor). IGCT
( , )
1 ,
4000 /. IGCT
500-2000 .
1.3.2
,
,
, [6].
MOSFET

(Metal

Oxide

Semiconductor

Field

Effect

Transistor)

, ,

. , ,
, .

,
. MOSFET

18

, .

(IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).
IGBT
. IGBT
GTO IGCT. - ,
IGBT . IGBT

10 .

19

2.
,
[7]. 4A16023
[8] . 2.1.
2.1 4A16023

= 18.5

U = 380

p=1
Jd = 0.053 /2

0.885

cos 0.91

2.2

s = 0.021

s = 0.125

f 50

2.1

0 2 f 2 3 50 314 /

0
p

314
314 /
1

(1 s ) 314 (1 0.021) 307.4 /

20

18500
60.18
307.4

2.2 60.18 132.398

U1

U1 380

219.393
3
3

I1

2
18500

34.9
3 U1 cos 3 220 0.885 0.91

U max U 2 219.393 2 310.269 B

I max I 2 34.9 2 49,356 A .

R1 0
1n

310.269
0.988 B
314.159

2.2

4A160M2
2.2.

21

2.2 -
r1*

0.052

x1*

0.092

r2*

0.022

x2*

0.12

x *

- -
, [7]. - -
2.1 2.2 .

2.1 -

22

R1

X 2

X1
I

I1

I 2

R2
s

2.2 -


c1

* *2 4 1* *
2 *

4 42 4 0.092 4

1.0225
24

1* 0.092

0.0899
1 1.0225
*
1

r1* 0.052
r

0.0508
1 1.0225
*
1

*
r
0.022
2
r2 2
0.021
1
1.02252
*

*
x
0.12
2
x2 2
0.1147
1
1.02252
*

1
r1

* U1
I1

1* U1
I1
r1* U1
I1

4 220
25.1443
34.9

0.0899 220
0.5655
34.9

0.0508 220
0.3196
34.9

23

2* U1
I1

r2

r2* U1
I1

0.1147 220
0.7215
34.9

0.021 220
0.1322
34.9

L1

x1
0.5655

0.0018
2 f 2 3.14 50

L2

x2
0.7215

0.00229
2 f 2 3.14 50

Lm

x
2 f

25.1443
0.08
2 3.14 50

L1 L1 Lm 0.0018 0.08 0.0818
L2 L2 Lm 0.0023 0.08 0.0823

r2 0.1322

1.6057
L2 0.0823

L1 L2 Lm 2 0.0818 0.0823 0.082

0.004
L2
0.0823

r1

Lm
0.08

240.92 1
L2 0.0823 0.004

Lm

0.3196
1.6057 0.004 0.08 110.208
0.004

24

3.

3.1
.

, .

.

L11

L12
R1

R3

L21

L22
R2

L31

L32
C2

C3

C4

C1
PE

3.1
4 (1-4) Panasonic
ECQU2A474ML [9] 0.47
275 .
3 (R1-R3) Littelfuse
V20E420P [10] 420
.

25

3.2

.3.2.

I DC

18.5 103

34.772 ,
U DC 537.401 0.99
P

U DC 2U 2 380 537.401
; P ; 0.99
.

VD1

VD3

VD5

L11

Urect

L22
L33
VD2

VD4

VD6

3.2

IVD I DC

1 1 2
sin
2 m 2 m

1 1 2

34.772
sin

2 3 2 3

16.88 ,

m 3 .

IVD IVD 16.88 2 1.2 40.512 ,

, 2
; ( 1.2...1.3 ).

26

SEMIKRON
SKD51/12 [11]
. 3.1.
3.1
I D , A

50

I FSM , A

775

U DRM ,

1200

U ISOL ,

3600

3.3
, ,
,
.
-,
.

Id ~

Q 8.428 103

38.312 ,
U
220

Q
Q S 2 P2

20.329 10 18.5 10
3 2

3 2

8.428 103 ,

P ; S

P
3 103
S

20.329 103
cos 0.91

27

0 2 6 f 2 6 50 1884.956 1 c

I I d ~
2U d ~0

34.9 38.312
897.038 ,
2 30.632 1884.956

I 34.9 A ; U d ~

U d ~ U DC 0.057 537.401=30.632 ,

0.057 .
4

EPCOS

B43514C9108M [12] 1000 400 .

(. 3.3)

1
1 1

1
1
1

1000 1000

1000

.
PR 0.25 , 4
PR 1 .
4
2
U DC
537.4012
R

288.8
PR
1

(. 3.3)
R 288.8 .
4 KOA
HV732BTTD3003F

[13]

300 ,

500 .
. 3.3.

0.25

28
C1

R1

C3

R3

C2

R2

C4

R4

+ DC

Udc

DC

3.3
3.4

.

, . 3.4.
,
.

K1.1
R3
Urect

Udc

3.4
,
.
.
R1

U DC 537.401

95,964 ,
I C max
5.6

I C max - 85 C .

29

OHMITE
TWW10J100E [14] 100 , 10
750 .
Schneider Electric
W199 , 30 40
. 12
(. 3.5).

+3.3V
VD1

L1

+12V

C3

R2

C1
U7TPS61170
6
5
2

SW 4
FB 1
COMP GND 3
VIN

CTRL

R1

R3

DGND

DGND

DGND

C2

DGND

DGND

3.5

Texas Instruments [15]

TPS61170 (. 3.5).
L1 TOKO A915Y-100M
10 . C1, C3 Murata
GRM188R61A475K GRM21BR61E475K ,
4.7 C2 10 . R1 4.99
, R2 87.6 , R3 10 0.125
. VD1 ONsemi
MBR0540T1.

30

3.5

. 3.6.

I max I max 49.356 1.2 2 118.454 A ,

1.2 .

+ DC

VT1

VT3

VT5

U
V
W
VT2

VT4

VT6

DC

3.6
IGBT Mitsubishi
CM150TL-24NF [16]
. 3.2.
3.2 IGBT
I CM , A

150

U CES ,
- UCE sat ,

1200
2.1

U ISO ,

2500

31

3.6
IGBT

15B , 8B .

, IGBT
.
,
, IGBT
.
IGBT ,
,

PGD ( out ) Qg U GE ( on ) U GE ( off ) f sw 675 109 15 0 10 103 0,101 ,

Qg 675 - , UGE (on ) 15 B

, UGE (off ) 0 B
,

f sw ,

f sw 10 .

IGBT,
.


I g Qg f sw 675 109 10 103 6,750 103 A

RG

U GE (on ) UGE (off )

I g peak

15 0
7.5
2

32

KOA
SG73S1JTTD7R50F [17] 7.5 , 0.125
50 .
Hewlett Packard
HCPL-3120 I g peak 2 A
VCC =15 .

,
, .
. 3.3.
3.3
, M

10

I F , A

50

VCC ,

4.5 5.5

I O , A

50

. 3.7.

+15V_2,4,6

+3.3V

C1

+15V_2,4,6

R1

GND_2,4,6
HCPL3120
NC

Vcc
R2

PWM2
A
C
NC

CN-5

V0
V0

VD1

Vee

DGND

CN-6
GND_2,4,6

3.7

33

R1 (. 3.7) 220
OHMITE TWW10J220E [14]
0.125 1%. PDZ18B
0.4 18 .
3.7

,
.
LEM
LV 25-1000 [18] . 3.5
3.5
U PN ,

1000

U P , B

0.. 1500

I SN , A
U ,

25

12..15

.
2 LEM
LA 50-S [19] . 3.6
3.6
I PN , A
I P , A
I SN , A
U ,

50

0.. 70
25

15

34

4.

4.1
,

. , . 4.1.

+3.3V_A

C1

+3.3V_A

R4
REF_3.3/2
R2
3

SENS_CUR

GNDA

2
1

R3

R6
CUR

4
5

R1
GNDA

C2

GNDA
R5

GNDA

GNDA

4.1
SENS_CUR .
, R1.
R1
R1=

1.65
1.65
=
= 44 ,
I smax 37.5 103

I smax .
R1 43 , 0.125
1%.
,
.

35

R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = 10 . R2, R3,
R4, R5 0.125 1%.
R6 C2
, .
R6 1 0.125
1%. C2 1
16 .
4.2

,
. 4.2.

4.2

,
75
800 .

36

, 75 800
3 .
:
R =

U IDC
3
=
= 80 ,
I 37.5 103

U IDC
75 ; I , 75
.
R 80.6 , 0.125
1%.

R =

UVDC
3
=
= 90 ,
I
33.33 103

U VDC
800 ; I , 800
.
R 91 , 0.125
1%.

k 1 =

3.3
= 1.1
3

R2=R4=10 ,
R1= R3 = R 2 k 1 1 = 10 0.1= 1

4.3

0-10 0-20
( S1 ) , .4.3.

37

R1 ,
20 10 .

R1=

10
= 500
20 103

R2R5 ,
k=0.33. R3 = R4 = 10 .
R2 = R5 = k R3 = 3.3

4.3

R1R5 , 0.125
1%.

38

4.4

X1
+15V_DAC

+15V_DAC
C11

AN3_OUT

C12

Z1

GND_DAC
GND_DAC

+5V_DAC

GND_DAC

ADR3533W
+15V_DAC

IN

OUT
GND

2
3

C5

ENABLE

VIN

GND SENSE

VOUT SENSE

GND FORCE

VOUT FORCE

NC

NC

8
7
REF_3.3

GNG_DAC

GND_DAC
GND_DAC
DGND

GND_DAC

SPIO
SPICLK

GNG_DAC

+3.3V

GND_DAC

GNG_DAC

C3

ADUM1300
1

VDD1

VDD2

16

GND1

GND2

15

VIA

VOA

14

VIB

VOB

13

VIC

VOC

12

NC

NC

11

NC

VE2

10

GND1

GND2

+15V_DAC
R2

+5V_DAC
DAC7513
SPIO_ISO
SPICLK_ISO

+5V_DAC
REF_4.0

SYNC_ISO
DAC_OUT

VDD

VREF2

VFB3

VOUT4

GND 8
DIN 7
SCLK 6
SYNC 5

+5V_DAC

C7
GND_DAC R6

R3
3

DAC_OUT

5
1

R4

SPIO_ISO

SPICLK_ISO
SYNC_ISO

AN3_OUT

GND_DAC

GND_DAC
R5

R1

SYNC

GNG_DAC

GND_DAC
GND_DAC

DGND

C10

C8

C1

C2

7805

+5V_DAC

C4

C9

+5V_DAC

C6

+3.3V

DGND

GND_DAC

GND_DAC
+5V_DAC

4.4
DAC7513
, DA2 (. 4.4).
(DA3).
SPI ADUM1300.
,
3.3 .
10 .

k=

U 10
=
= 3.03
U 3.3

R3 = R4 = 3.3 . R2 = R5 = R3 k = 10

4.5

PS2805C-1 (.
4.5). .

39

(
).

4.5
+24 ,
.

R1=

U U
I

24 1.2
= 2280
10 103

R1 2.32 , 0.25
5%.

R2

510

0.125 5%.

4.6
PE014F02
3 .
5 ~250.
VT1 (. 4.6), .

40
+3.3V

PE014F02
A1

14
12

A2

11

VT1
R1
COIL
R2
DGND

DGND

4.6

R1=

U
3.3
=
= 165 ,
I max 20 103

U = 3.3 , I max = 2
.
R1 500 , R2 10 .
4.7 RS-485

RS-485 ADM2481
(. 4.7).
. Rx, Tx SCI,
. DE ,
RS-485.

41
+3.3V

RX
DE
TX

DGND

ADM2481
1

VDD1

GND1

RxD

RE

DE

TxD

GND1

GND1

VDD_RS485

VDD2 16
GND2 15
NC 14
B 13
A 12
NC 11

B
A

GND2 10
GND2 9

GND_RS485

4.7 ADM2481

42

5.

: (
. 5.1 A1), (A2) (A3).

A1

XT8
XT7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

XT3
1 2 3
10 11 12

XT4
1 2 3
13 14 15

XT5
1 2 3
16 17 18

XT6
1 2 3
19 20 21

1 2 3
XT7

1 2 3
XT6

1 2 3
XT2

1 2 3
XT1

29
8
7 28
27
6
5 26
4 25
3 24
2 23
1 22

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 XT1

A3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
XT10

A2

XT5

6
5
4
3
2
1

35
34
33
32
31
30

6
5
4
3
2
1 XT2

5.1
5.1-
.

KLS17-127-RFC-10-1

=A2-XT10:1

=A1-XT7:1

=A2-XT10:2

=A1-XT7:2

=A2-XT10:3

=A1-XT7:3

43

=A2-XT10:4

=A1-XT7:4

=A2-XT10:5

=A1-XT7:5

=A2-XT10:6

=A1-XT7:6

=A2-XT10:7

=A1-XT7:7

=A2-XT10:8

=A1-XT7:8

=A2-XT10:9

=A1-XT7:9

10

=A1-XT3:1

=A2-XT7:1

HP24SBB.01100

11

=A1-XT3:2

=A2-XT7:2

HP24SBB.01100

12

=A1-XT3:3

=A2-XT7:3

HP24SBB.01100

13

=A1-XT4:1

=A2-XT6:1

HP24SBB.01100

14

=A1-XT4:2

=A2-XT6:2

HP24SBB.01100

15

=A1-XT4:3

=A2-XT6:3

HP24SBB.01100

16

=A1-XT5:1

=A2-XT2:1

HP24SBB.01100

17

=A1-XT5:2

=A2-XT2:2

HP24SBB.01100

18

=A1-XT5:3

=A2-XT2:3

HP24SBB.01100

19

=A1-XT6:1

=A2-XT1:1

HP24SBB.01100

20

=A1-XT6:2

=A2-XT1:2

HP24SBB.01100

21

=A1-XT6:3

=A2-XT1:3

HP24SBB.01100

22

=A3-XT1:1

=A1-XT8:1

CBBR0175

23

=A3-XT1:2

=A1-XT8:2

CBBR0175

24

=A3-XT1:3

=A1-XT8:3

CBBR0175

25

=A3-XT1:4

=A1-XT8:4

CBBR0175

26

=A3-XT1:5

=A1-XT8:5

CBBR0175

44

27

=A3-XT1:6

=A1-XT8:6

CBBR0175

28

=A3-XT1:7

=A1-XT8:7

CBBR0175

29

=A3-XT1:8

=A1-XT8:8

CBBR0175

30

=A3-XT2:1

=A3-XT5:1

CBBR0175

31

=A3-XT2:2

=A3-XT5:2

CBBR0175

32

=A3-XT2:3

=A3-XT5:3

CBBR0175

33

=A3-XT2:4

=A3-XT5:4

CBBR0175

34

=A3-XT2:5

=A3-XT5:5

CBBR0175

35

=A3-XT2:6

=A3-XT5:6

CBBR0175

5.2. UC3844,
VT1.
,
.
XT1 , XT2
.

45
L1

D9

C11

C10

XT1

.
1 +15V_1
2 GND1
3 +15V_3
4 GND3
5 +15V_5
6 GND5
7 +15V_2,4,6
8 GND_2,4,6

L2

D10

C13

C12

L3

D11

C15

C14

L4

D12

C16

C17

XT2

D13

L5

LD1117
C19

C18

.
1 +3.3V_A
2 +15V_A
3 GNDA
4 -15V_A
5 +3.3V
6 DGND

R1
D14

R12

220 AC

C1

L6

C9
R2

C20

Np

C21

D4
D15
R3

R4

L7

D3

D2

C23

C22
C2
2

R5

C3

R9

C4
NC

1
C14
UC3844
R7
8

C8

R10

D8

3
4

C5

VT1
R8

R6
5

USD1120
C7

C6

R13

R11

5.2

(. 5.3), 5.2.
5.2

XT1

46

XT2

XT3

XT4

XT5

XT6

COM 1

NC 1

47

XT7

XT8

NO 1

COM 2

NC 2

NO 2

COM 3

NC 3

NO 3

RS-485

RS-485

CAN

XT9

CANTX

CANRX

CAN

0-10

48

A
B
C
PE

1
2
3
4

XT1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

XT2

1
2
3
4

XT3

1
2
3
4
5
6

XT4

XT5

1
2
3

XT6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

XT7

XT8

XT9

1
2
3
4

RS-485

1
2
3
4

CAN

1
2
3

5.3

49

.

, .
,
.

.
16-
Texas Instruments TMS320LF2406A.

.

50

1. .., .. -
.
2. Bimal K. Bose. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drivers: Prantice Hall
2002.
3. SEMICRON
: SEMICRON 2008. 281c.
4. Power electronics handbook : devices, circuits, and applications handbook /
edited by Muhammad H. Rashid. 3rd ed. Elsevier 2011.
5. . ., . .
. .
4/2006. 1.
6. .. 1. - .:
2000.
7. -
6.050702
"" "
" / : . . , . . .
.: , 2011 . 96 .
8. 4: / 90 . . , ..
, . . , .. .- .: , 1982. - 504.
9. http://panasonic.com/industrial/search/model-searchresults.aspx?model=ECQU2A474ML
10.http://www.littelfuse.com/data/en/Data_Sheets/UltraMOV.pdf
11. http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1499038.pdf
12. http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/24541.pdf
13. http://www.koaspeer.com/products/resistors/surface-mount-resistors/hv73/
14. http://www.ohmite.com/cat/res_tww_twm.pdf
15. http://www.ti.com

51

16.http://www.mitsubishielectric.com/semiconductors/content/product/powermod/
powmod/igbtmod/nf/cm150tl-24nf_e.pdf
17. http://www.koaspeer.com/products/resistors/surface-mount-resistors/sg73/
18.http://www.lem.com/hq/en/component/option,com_catalog/task,displaymodel/i
d,90.28.60.000.0/
19.http://www.lem.com/docs/products/la%2050-s%20e.pdf