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Oxygen concentrator

By

Nurse Emily & Nurse Foo

Who needs O2 concentrator?

Breathless patients

Breathlessness is subjective

sensation of difficult, laboured or uncomfortable.


Common description of breathlessness:

* * * * * *

tachypnoea feeling tight chested , air hunger wheezing choking gasping , increased effort feeling of suffocation

Adult normal breathing rate : 12/min at rest


Groups of children Newborns and infants Their ages Up to 6 months old 6 to 12 months old 1 to 5 years old 6 to 12 years Normal respiratory rates 30-60 breaths/min

Infants
Toddlers and children Children

24-30 breaths/min
20-30 breaths/min 12-20 breaths/min

Effects of breathlessness
Decreases : functional status : social activities : quality of life : will to live

Causes: multidimensional
Physical Psychological

CAUSES OF BREATHLESSNESS
Physiological mechanisms
Problems of ventilating the lung Impaired perfusion of the lungs Muscle fatigue Pleural restriction

Cause of breathlessness
Respiratory :- malignancy, benign growth
obstruct airway eg. Bronchial / tracheal tumour - pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis - pleural effusion - lymphangitis carcinomatosa - diaphragmatic weakness -SVCO - chronic lung disease - COPD

Cardiovascular :- Heart failure


- pericardial effusion - pulmonary embolism

Others :- anaemia
- ascites - drugs - radiotherapy - anxiety

Metastasis from other sites notably breast , bowel, kidney, larynx and lymphoma

References:
Palliative care for people with cancer edited by Jenny

Penson , Ronald A. Fesher Website on breathlessness Palliative Medicine edited by Declan Walsh

THANK YOU

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