EXPERIMENT 3

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Simulation of 1- half controlled converter with R and R-L load. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

1Ph 230 V,50 Hz

T1 Vs D2

T2 R

D1

(SINGLE PHASE SEMI CONVERTER WITH R LOAD)

1Ph 230 V,50 Hz

T1 Vs D2

T2 R L D1

(SINGLE PHASE SEMI CONVERTER WITH R-L LOAD)

THEORY: A half-controlled rectifier circuit is made up of both controlled and uncontrolled rectifiers. Due to presence of diodes, free-wheeling operation takes place without allowing the bridge output voltage to become negative. In a semi-controlled rectifier, control is effected only for positve output voltage, and no control is possible when its output voltage tends to become negative since it is clamped at zero volt. The diode D1 and D2 conducts for the positive and negative half cycle of the input voltage waveform On the other hand T1 starts conduction when it is fired in the positive half cycle of the input voltage waveform and continuous conduction till T3 is fired in the negative half cycle.

For R load :Average output voltage, Average output current Io = Rms output voltage, Rms output current,

For R L load: Average output voltage ,Vo = Rms output voltage,Vo,rms =

An expression for load current over half-a-cycle can be obtained first. The load current during < wt < can be defined as follows:

Where,

, and

A=

APPLICATIONS:1. 2. 3. 4. In variable speed drives In applications which require unidirectional motor current and positive voltage In High voltage dc transmission In many industrial applications

SIMULATION DIAGRAM:For R load:-

For R-L load:-

WAVEFORMS:For R load:a)
6

output current (in amps)

4 2 0 -2 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

300

output voltage (in volts)

200 100 0 -100 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) current (in amps)

4 2 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) voltage (in volts)

200 0 -200 -400 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) current (in amps)

4 2 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) voltage (in volts)

200 0 -200 -400 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

b) For
4

output current (in amps)

3 2 1 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

200

output voltage (in volts)

150 100 50 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) current (in amps)

6 4 2 0 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyritor (T1) voltage (in volts)

400 200 0 -200 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) current (in amps)

6 4 2 0 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) voltage (in volts)

400 200 0 -200 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

For R-L load:a) , R = 50 , L = 500 mH

2.5

output current (in amps)

1.5 0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

300

output voltage (in volts)

200 100 0 -100 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) current (in amps)

3 2 1

0 0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) voltage (in volts)

200 0 -200 -400 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) current (in amps)

3 2 1

0 0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) voltage (in volts)

200 0 -200 -400 0.01

3

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

current across FD (in amps)

2 1 0 -1 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

b) For
1

, R = 50 , L = 500 mH

output current (in amps)

0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

200

output voltage (in volts)

100 0 -100

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) current (in amps)

2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T1) voltage (in volts)

400 200 0 -200 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) current (in amps)

2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1

time (in secs)

thyristor (T2) voltage (in volts)

400 200 0 -200 0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

1

current across FD (in amps)

0.5 0 -0.5 0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

time (in secs)

CONCLUSION:From the above simulation of single phase half controlled converter circuit, we observed and obtained the waveforms of load current, output voltage, thyristor current and thyristor voltage for R and R-L load with different firing angles.

Shivani Hembrom Roll no. -211EE2131