Centre Number

Candidate Number

Name

CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

0620/02

CHEMISTRY
Paper 2

May/June 2003
1 hour
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials required

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces provided at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.
You may use a pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer all questions.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.

FOR EXAMINERS USE

1
2
If you have been given a label, look at the
details. If any details are incorrect or
missing, please fill in your correct details
in the space given at the top of this page.
Stick your personal label here, if
provided.

3
4
5
6
TOTAL

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

SP (SC) S33034/4
CIE 2003

[Turn over

2
1

For
Examiners
Use

The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table.

I

II

III

IV
C

Li
Na
K

Fe

Cu

Zn

V
N

VI VII
O
S

F
Cl
Br

0
He
Ne
Ar
Kr

(a) Answer these questions using only the elements shown in the diagram.
Write down the symbol for an element which

(i)

is a transition metal.

Fe

[I]

(ii)

forms an acidic oxide.

[I]

(iii)

has six electrons in its outer shell.

[I]

(iv)

has a giant covalent structure.

[I]

(v)

reacts rapidly with water.

Li

[I]

(vi)

has a higher proton (atomic) number than iron.

Cu

[I]

[6]

0620/02 M/J/03

For
Examiners
Use

(b) Some uses of some non-metallic elements are show below.

Draw lines between the boxes to link the elements to their correct uses.
The first one has been done for you.
element

use

oxygen

in light bulbs

argon

in oxygen tents in
hospitals

chlorine

to kill bacteria in water

purification

carbon (graphite)

in balloons

helium

as a lubricant
[4]

(c) The structures of some halogen compounds are shown below.

Na+
Cl

Cl Na+

Cl

Cl

Na+

A
(i)

Cl Na+
Cl

Cl Na+
B

F
F
F

Br

F
C

Describe the type of bonding in compound A.

covalent - NB 2 non-metals bonded together

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

(ii) State the simplest formula for compound C.

Br F

or F

Br

5
5
...................................................................................................................................
(iii)

[I]

Explain why compound B does not conduct electricity when solid but does conduct
when molten.

I Compound B has ions or charged particles

[I]
2 These cannot move in the solid but are free to move in
...............................................................................................................................[4]
[I]
liquid.
...................................................................................................................................

0620/02 M/J/03

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4
2

For
Examiners
Use

A student investigates the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid.

The hydrochloric acid is in excess.
The student uses the apparatus shown in the diagram.

hydrogen
gas

gas
syringe

small test
tube held by
a piece of
cotton

zinc power
hydrochloric acid
(a) What should the student do to start the reaction?

drop tube into acid or loosen cotton or allow zinc and acid to
mix, or let go of cotton

......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) The student reads the volume of gas in the syringe every minute.
The results are shown in the table.

(i)

time in minutes

volume of gas in cm3

23

35

45

50

53

55

55

Plot the results on the grid on page 5.

0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

For
Examiners
Use

60

50

volume of gas / cm3

40

30

20

10

time / min
(ii)

Draw the best curve through the points.

(iii)

Explain why the volume of gas stays the same after six minutes.

[I]

[I]
no more gas produced / reaction has stopped
all zinc used up
...............................................................................................................................[5]
[I]
a
...................................................................................................................................

(c) The student does the experiment again.

The only difference is that the student uses warm, rather than cold,
hydrochloric acid.
On the grid, draw the shape of the graph you would expect for the
experiment with the warm hydrochloric acid.

[I]
[2]

0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

[Turn over

For
Examiners
Use

(d) (i) Balance the equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Zn

HCl

I x Zn + 2 x Cl + 2 x H atom
ZnCl2

(ii) Name the compound which has the formula ZnCl2.

H2

zinc chloride

...................................................................................................................................
(iii) Calculate the relative formula mass of ZnCl2.

Zn = 65
2 x Cl= 2x35.5 = 7I
I36
[3]
(e) Zinc is an element.
State the meaning of the term element.

The best definition of an element is that all the atoms have

the same proton number
..................................................................................................................................[1]

......................................................................................................................................

0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

7
3

For
Examiners
Use

The states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.

The diagram below shows how the molecules are arranged in these three states.
melting

SOLID

LIQUID

(a) State the name given to the change of state labelled

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

GAS

evaporation or boiling or vaporisation (NB liquid -> gas)

freezing or solidification (NB liquid to solid)
B ...............................................................................................................................
condensing or condensation or liquefaction (NB gas to liquid)
C ................................................................................................................................
A ...............................................................................................................................

[3]
(b) Which one of the following best describes the movement of molecules in the liquid
state?
Tick one box.

The molecules are not moving from place to place.

The molecules are sliding over each other.

The molecules are moving freely.

[1]
(c) Which of the changes A, B or C, is endothermic?
Explain your answer.

I A

..........................................................................................................................................

[I]

2......................................................................................................................................[2]
You need to heat a liquid to boil it that is supply energy or
[I]
energy is needed to overcome the forces that hold the particles
together in the liquid state.
0620/02 M/J/03

[Turn over

8
(d) Choose from the following list of substances to answer the questions below.

For
Examiners
Use

bromine
chlorine
iron
mercury
sodium chloride
sulphur
Name a substance which is

chlorine

(i)

a gas at room temperature. ......................................................................................

(ii)

a non-metallic liquid at room temperature. ...............................................................

(iii)

a compound which is a solid at room temperature. ...................................................

[3]

bromine

Sodium chloride

(e) A student set up the apparatus shown in the diagram below.

glass tube

rubber bung

cotton wool soaked in

concentrated hydrochloric acid

cotton wool soaked in

ammonia solution

The white solid is formed because the molecules of hydrogen chloride gas and
ammonia gas move at random throughout the tube and eventually react with each other.
(i)

State the name given to this random movement of molecules.

Diffusion

...................................................................................................................................
(ii)

State the name of the white solid formed at X.

ammonium chloride

...................................................................................................................................
(iii)

[I]

[I]

Suggest why the white solid is formed towards one end of the tube and not in the
middle.

ammonia diffuses or moves faster or hydrogen chloride diffuses

more slowly or molecules of ammonia and hydrogen chloride
...............................................................................................................................[3] [I]
...................................................................................................................................

move at different speeds or ammoniia molecules are lighter than hydrogen chloride.

(f)

What type of chemical reaction takes place when ammonia reacts with hydrochloric
acid?

neutralisation or acid/base

......................................................................................................................................[1]

0620/02 M/J/03

9
(g) The diagram below shows a simple apparatus that can be used for measuring the
melting point of a solid.
The liquid in the beaker is heated slowly and the temperature at which the solid B melts
is recorded.

For
Examiners
Use

small tube

stirrer

solid B

liquid

heat
(i)

State the name of the piece of apparatus labelled A.

thermometer

...................................................................................................................................
(ii)

Solid B melted at 155oC.

Why would water not be a suitable liquid to put in the beaker when using this
apparatus to find the melting point of solid B?

boiling point of water is too low to melt solid

boiling point of water cannot get to I55 C
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................

(iii)

[I]

[I]

Suggest why the liquid needs to be kept stirred.

To ensure all liquid at the same temperature or so that tube

[I]
is at the same temperature as thermometer
...............................................................................................................................[3]
...................................................................................................................................

0620/02 M/J/03

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10
4

Catalytic cracking is carried out by oil companies to produce high grade petrol.
The process is carried out using an aluminium oxide catalyst.
The reaction is a type of thermal decomposition.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) Explain the meaning of

(i)

thermal decomposition.

breaking down of a substance using heat

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

...................................................................................................................................

(ii)

catalyst.

substance which speeds up a reaction

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

..............................................................................................................................[2]
(b) A typical cracking reaction is

C10H22

C8H18

C2H4

State the name of the unsaturated compound in this equation.

ethene

......................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) The table shows some of the products obtained by cracking 100g of different fractions
under the same conditions.

products obtained / g per 100g of fraction cracked

(i)

fraction
cracked

hydrogen

methane

ethene

petrol

ethane

10

75

paraffin

15

30

23

diesel

20

17

Which fraction is the best source of fuel for cars?

paraffin

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

(ii) Calculate the amount of paraffin fraction needed to make 600g of methane.

From table:

I5g of methane from I00 g of paraffin fraction

Ig "
"
" I00 "
"
"
I5
600g " "
" I00 x 600 = 4000g
I5
0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

11
(iii) Complete the equation for the cracking of ethane to produce hydrogen and ethene.

C H

2 4

C2H6

[4]

For
Examiners
Use

[2]

(d) Ethene can be polymerised to form poly(ethene).

(i)

(ii)

Complete the equation below to show the structure of two units in the
poly(ethene) molecule.
H

[I]

C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
or -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH2 -CH 2

State the name given to this type of polymerisarion.

addition

...............................................................................................................................[2]

[I]

A precipitate may be formed when two aqueous solutions are mixed. The colour of these
precipitates may be used to identify particular aqueous ions.
(a) Complete the following table.

ion under test

solution to be added to
test for the ion

colour of precipitate

sodium hydroxide or
aqueous ammonia
silver nitrate or lead
nitrate

green or green-grey
precipitate
yellow precipitate
yellow precipitate

chloride

silver nitrate

white precipitate

sulphate

barium chloride/nitrate

white precipitate

iron(II)

iodide

[8]

0620/02 M/J/03

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12
(b) When a solution of iron(III) chloride is added to a solution of sodium hydroxide, a
precipitate of iron(III) hydroxide is formed and sodium chloride remains in solution.

For
Examiners
Use

sodium chloride solution

iron(III) hydroxide

Explain how you would obtain a pure dry sample of sodium chloride from this mixture.
You may use diagrams to help with your explanation.

I filtration

filter paper

iron(iii) hydroxide [I]

sodium chloride solution

2 Evaporate water
from sodium
chloride solution to
obtain a dry sample

[I]

water evaporating
evaporating dish
solution of sodium
chloride
heat

[3]

[I]

(c) Sodium chloride and iron(III) hydroxide are both compounds.

Explain the meaning of the term compound.

[I]
different elements or atoms
chemically joined or bonded or combined
.....................................................................................................................................
[2] [I]
..........................................................................................................................................

(d) Molten sodium chloride can be electrolysed using graphite electrodes.

Predict the products of this electrolysis

chlorine or CL
[I]
sodium or Na
..........................................................................................................
[I]
[2]

(i)

2
at the anode ..............................................................................................................

(ii)

at the cathode

0620/02 M/J/03

13
6

For
Examiners
Use

This question is about different metals.

The list below shows part of the metal reactivity series .
potassium
magnesium
aluminium
zinc
iron
copper

more reactive

less reactive

(a) From this list, choose a metal which is extracted using electrolysis.

Any one of the top three K, Mg or AL

......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Two thousand years ago, people were able to extract iron and copper from their ores.
They were not able to extract aluminium.

[I]

Suggest why they were not able to extract aluminium from its ore.

they
did not have electricity or they did not know about electrolysis
..........................................................................................................................................
or......................................................................................................................................[1]
they did not know the metal existed

[I]

(c) Uranium is between magnesium and zinc in the reactivity series.

Equal sized strips of magnesium, uranium and zinc were placed in hydrochloric acid.
The hydrochloric acid was the same concentration.
The results are shown in the table.
(i)

Complete the result for uranium and hydrochloric acid.

metal
magnesium

uranium
zinc

(ii)

observations on adding to hydrochloric acid

many bubbles of gas produced very rapidly and
magnesium dissolves quickly

bubbles produced slower than magnesium

but faster than zinc
a few bubbles produced at a steady rate and zinc
dissolves slowly

[I]

Uranium has several isotopes which are radioactive.

One of these isotopes is uranium 235 (235U).
What do you understand by the term isotopes?

Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers or

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

different number of neutrons or different number of nucleons

...................................................................................................................................
(iii)

State one use of uranium 235.

Nuclear energy or nuclear power stations or atomic bomb

...............................................................................................................................[3]
0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

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14
(d) Metals high in the reactivity series react readily with oxygen.
Name the compound formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen.

For
Examiners
Use

Magnesium oxide

......................................................................................................................................[1]
(e) Copper is alloyed with tin to make bronze.
(i)

State what is meant by the term alloy.

Mixture of different metals

...................................................................................................................................

[I]

...................................................................................................................................

(ii)

Suggest why metals are often used in the form of alloys.

because harder or stronger or less malleable or tougher or more

...................................................................................................................................

resistant to corrosion or heat or electrical resistance increased.

...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[2]
(f)

[I]

Zinc can be extracted by heating zinc oxide with carbon.

ZnO

Zn

CO

Explain why carbon is a reducing agent (reductant) in this reaction.

removes oxygen from zinc oxide, it is reduced to zinc.

..........................................................................................................................................

[I]

..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[1]
(g) Iron is used as a catalyst in the Haber Process for making ammonia.
3H2 +
(i)

What does the sign

N2

2NH3

mean?

reversible or equilibrium

...................................................................................................................................
(ii)

What is the approximate percentage of nitrogen in the air?

78%

...............................................................................................................................[2]

0620/02 M/J/03

[I]

15

For
Examiners
Use

(h) Magnesium is in group II of the Periodic Table.

(i)

Draw a diagram to show the electronic structure of magnesium.

[I]

Mg 2+8+2
(ii)

Explain what happens to the magnesium atom when it reacts and forms a
magnesium ion.

loses two electrons or loses its valency electrons or forms

Mg 2+ by losing electrons

...............................................................................................................................[3]

0620/02 M/J/03

[2]

[I] + [I]

[Turn over

Magnesium

Sodium

Calcium

0620/02 M/J/03

Strontium

Rubidium

89

Key

72

b = proton (atomic) number

X = atomic symbol

a = relative atomic mass

*58-71 Lanthanoid series

90-103 Actinoid series

88

Ac

Actinium

Ra

Radium

Fr

Francium

87

Hafnium

Lanthanum

57

178

Hf

40

Zirconium

Zr

91

Titanium

139

Yttrium

22

48

Ti

La

39

89

Scandium

21

227

56

Barium

Caesium

45

Sc

226

55

137

Ba

133

Cs

38

Sr

Rb

37

88

85

20

Potassium

19

40

Ca

39

12

24

Mg

23

Na

Beryllium

Lithium

11

Be

II

Li

51

Ta

181

Niobium

Nb

93

90

58

73

52

Mo

96

184

Protactinium

Thorium

55

Tc
186

Re

144

Nd

92

60

Uranium

238

Neodymium

75

Rhenium

43

Technetium

25

Manganese

Mn
27

59

28

59

29

64

30

65

Ru

101

Iron

190

Pm

Osmium

Os

Np
93

Neptunium

61

Promethium

76

44

Ruthenium

26

56

Fe

Sm

150

Iridium

Pu
94

Plutonium

62

152

Eu

Am
95

Americium

63

Europium

78

Platinum

195

Pt

Ir

46

Palladium

Pd

106

Nickel

Ni

192

Samarium

77

45

Rhodium

Rh

103

Cobalt

Co

Gd

157

Gold

Au

197

Silver

96

64

Curium

Cm

Gadolinium

79

47

Ag

108

Copper

Cu

201

Bk

Terbium

Tb

159

Mercury

Hg

97

Berkelium

65

80

48

Cadmium

Cd

112

Zinc

Zn

Dy

162

Thallium

Tl

204

Cf
98

Californium

66

Es

Holmium

Ho

165

Lead

Pb

207

Tin

99

Einsteinium

67

82

50

Sn
Indium

119

115

32

Germanium

Ge

73

Silicon

In

Gallium

Dysprosium

81

49

31

70

Ga

14

28

Si

Carbon

27

Aluminium

13

12

Al

Boron

11

75

Sb

122

Arsenic

As

Bi

209

Fermium

Fm

Erbium

Er

167

Bismuth

100

68

83

51

Antimony

33

15

Phosphorus

31

Nitrogen

14

Se

79

Sulphur

Po

169

Md

Thulium

Tm

101

Mendelevium

69

84

Polonium

52

Tellurium

Te

128

Selenium

34

16

32

Oxygen

16

Yb

173

Astatine

At

Iodine

127

Bromine

Br

80

Chlorine

No
102

Nobelium

70

Ytterbium

85

53

35

17

Cl

35.5

Fluorine

19

Lr

Lutetium

Lu

175

Radon

Rn

Xenon

Xe

131

Krypton

Kr

84

Argon

Ar

40

Neon

103

Lawrencium

71

86

54

36

18

10

Ne

20

Helium

VII

Hydrogen

VI

He

IV

III
1

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

91

Pa

Th

232

Praseodymium

Cerium

59

141

Pr

140

74

Tungsten

42

Molybdenum

24

Chromium

Cr

Ce

Tantalum

41

23

Vanadium

Group

DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements

16

Summary of Examiners Notes in IGCSE Chemistry

Paper 2 June 2003
Page: 2
Q1 (a) i

Any one from Fe, Cu and Zn

Q1 (a) ii

Most non-metals except hydrogen and noble gases

Q1 (a) iii

an element in Group VI, O, S

Q1 (a) iv Only carbon in table above

Q1 (a) v

Metals in Group I
Li, Na and K

Q1 (a) vi Any element in the same period as Fe and to the right of it

Cu, Zn, Br, Kr

Page: 3
Q1 (b) (oxygen)

oxygen supports respiration

Q1 (b) (carbon)

because of its layer structure graphite is slippery

Q1 (b) (in light bulbs) Argon is inert, it does not react with filament
Q1 (b) (in balloons)

Helium is less dense than air

Page: 4
Q2

need to answer a

Q2

You are told that hydrochloric acid is in excess therefore all the zinc will
react

Q2 (b) i

All points plotted correctly scores 2

-1 per mistake or omission

Page: 5
Q2 (b) i

NB every square = 1 cm

Q2 (b) ii

Smooth curve and through origin (0, 0)

Q2 (c)

The reaction will go faster but because the amounts of chemicals are the
same it will produce the same final volume of gas.
Faster initial rate (steeper slope initially) through (0, 0) ends up at 55cm

Page: 6
Q2 (d)

I x Zn + 2 x Cl + 2 x H atom
Need to multiply HCI by 2. Balance hydrogen and chlorine atoms

Q2 (d) iii

Remember the '2' only multiplies the chloride. Use relative atomic mass
65

Zn i.e. is 65 for zinc.

30

Q2 (e)

Other acceptable definitions are:

Substance containing only one type of atom.
Substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by
chemical means. This is essential to gain mark.
Common mistake - an element is a pure substance, as compounds
can be pure, e.g. you can have pure water but it contains two elements
so it is a compound.

Page: 7
Q3

To avoid mistakes label diagram

Q3 (a) ii

NOT fusion

Q3 (b)

Do NOT be tempted to tick more than one box.

Q3 (b)

This refers to solid when the molecules can only vibrate about their
position.

Q3 (b)

They are close together but can move past each other - so sliding over
each other is a good description.

Q3 (b)

This relates to gases where the molecules are far apart and the intermolecular forces are very weak

Page: 8
Q3 (d) ii

bromine and mercury are both liquids at room temperature but mercury
is a metal

Q3 (d) iii

in fact it is the only compound; all the others are elements

Q3 (e)

ammonia molecules have moved further in the same time

Q3 (e)

Hydrogen chloride molecules move more slowly and travel less distance, so
they meet and react nearer the hydrogen chloride end.

Q3 (e) i

NOT Brownian motion

Q3 (e) ii

ammonia chloride is wrong

Q3 (e) iii

They would only meet in the middle if the molecules moved at the same
speed.

Q3 (e) iii

The best answer is:

ammonia molecules are lighter than hydrogen chloride molecules so
they move/diffuse faster

Page: 9
Q3 (g) ii Must refer to melting point of solid to gain mark.
Q3 (g) ii NOT boiling point of water is only 100C

Page: 10
Q4 (a) ii Idea of increasing rate is essential.
NOT alters or changes rate.
Q4 (b)

Cn H2n + 2
alkane

Q4 (b)

CnH2n
alkene

Q4 (c)

greatest amount of petrol per 100g

Q4 (c) ii

Must have units

Page: 11
Q4 (c) iii ethene
Q4 (c) iii hydrogen
Q4 (d) i

Must show continuation

Q4 (d) ii

Only one product, monomers adds to produce a single product

Page: 12
Q5 (b)

NOT decant

Q5 (b)

NOT just filtrate

Q5 (d) i

NOT chloride
'2' is essential

Q5 (d) ii Anode is + electrode, CL attracted, becomes chlorine gas

Cathode is - electrode, Na+ attracted, becomes sodium metal

Page: 13
Q6 (a)

K is potassium

Q6 (b)

A specific comment is needed, NOT a general comment - 'they did not

have the right technology'

Q6 (c) i

any statement that indicates that the reactivity is between magnesium and
aluminium

Q6 (c) ii

'Atoms' is essential; not molecules or compounds

Q6 (c) ii

The best answer is;

isotopes are atoms of the same element which have the same proton
number but different nucleon numbers

Page: 14
Q6 (d)

a correct formula MgO is acceptable

Q6 (e) ii

Must be a specific reason.

You are advised to select just one reason (only one mark) and do not offer
a list.

Q6 (e) ii

NOT to improve properties; NOT cheaper; NOT higher melting point

Q6 (f)

Explanations based on oxidation number and electron transfer would be

acceptable but the above is a simple and clear answer.

Q6 (g) ii

Answer marked as correct limits 76 80%

Page: 15
Q6 (h) i

You have to give a diagram as requested in the

question.