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MATLAB SIMULATION OF FS-1015 LPC-10e COPYRIGHT (C) 1996-99 ANDREAS SPANIAS and TED PAINTER This Copyright applies only to this particular MATLAB implementation of the LPC-10e coder. The MATLAB software is intended only for educational purposes. No other use is intended or authorized. This is not a public domain program and unauthorized distribution to individuals or networks is prohibited. Be aware that use of the standard in any form is goverened by rules of the US DoD. This program is free software. It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. There is no commitment or even implied commitment on behalf of Andreas Spanias or Ted Painter for maintenance or support of this code. MATLAB is trademark of The Mathworks Inc ALL DERIVATIVE WORKS MUST INCLUDE THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE. ****************************************************************** PITSYN PORTED TO MATLAB FROM LPC-55 C RELEASE 4-2-94 ****************************************************************** DESCRIPTION Determines the number of pitch characteristics of each epoch, and RCs. Ratio of present and computed to be used in scaling unvoiced epochs. DESIGN NOTES See Also: Version 52 release notes VARIABLES INPUTS voice pitch rms rc ivuv ipiti rmsi rci OUTPUTS ivuv ipiti rmsi rci nout ratio INTERNAL Half frame voicing decisions (2) Pitch of present frame Energy of present frame Reflection coefficients, present frame Epoch voicing decisions Pitch epoch lengths Pitch epoch energy Pitch epoch reflection coefficients Epoch voicing decisions Pitch epoch lengths Pitch epoch energy Pitch epoch reflection coefficients Number of pitch periods in this frame Previous to present energy ratio epochs per frame, in addition to the including voicing, length, energy, previous frame rms energies is of plosive doublets within

% uvpit - Unvoiced epoch length % psFirst - Flag to indicate first call to pitsyn % gprime - Excitation modification filter gain % lsamp - Last sample position involved in RC and RMS interpolation % jsamp - Number of samples from end of previous frame not yet % assigned to an epoch % jused - Position of last sample assigned to an epoch % slope - Pitch slope from previous to present frame % ipito - Pitch of last epoch from previous frame % istart - First sample position involved in RC and RMS interpolation % ivoico - Voicing decision of previous second half frame % nl - Sample position of end of unvoiced section of transition % frame to voiced % alro - LAR of previous frame RC (LAR = log area ratio) % alrn - LAR of present frame RC % xxy - Temp storage during computation of interpolated RC LARs % ipito - Pitch of last epoch from previous frame % rmso - Energy of previous frame % rco - Reflection coefficients of previous frame % yarc - Temp storage for present frame RCs during voiced section % of transition frame to unvoiced % vflag - Logical variable indicating that voiced epoch processing % is occurring for a voiced-to-unvoiced transition frame. % % ****************************************************************** function [ ivuv, ipiti, rmsi, rci, nout, ratio ] = ... pitsyn( voice, pitch, rms, rc, ivuv, ipiti, rmsi, rci ) % DECLARE GLOBAL CONSTANTS global LFRAME % DECLARE GLOBAL VARIABLES global ivoico ipito rmso psFirst rco yarc jsamp; % INITIALIZE LOCAL VARIABLES nl = 0; lsamp = 0; ip = 0; istart = 0; ivoice = 0; jused = 0; vflag = 0; % CLAMP RMS LEVEL if rms < 1 rms = 1; end if rmso < 1 rmso = 1; end uvpit = 0; ratio = rms / ( rmso + 8 ); % INITIALIZE IMPORTANT VALUES ON FIRST CALL ONLY if psFirst == 1 lsamp = 0; ivoice = voice(2); if ivoice == 0 pitch = fix( LFRAME * 0.25 );

end nout = fix( LFRAME / pitch ); jsamp = LFRAME - (nout*pitch); for i = 1:nout rci(:,i) = rc; end ivuv(1:nout) = ivoice + zeros(nout,1); ipiti(1:nout) = pitch + zeros(nout,1); rmsi(1:nout) = rms + zeros(nout,1); psFirst = 0; else vflag = 0; lsamp = LFRAME + jsamp; slope = (pitch-ipito) / lsamp; nout = 0; jused = 0; istart = 1; if ( voice(1) == ivoico ) & ( voice(2) == voice(1) ) if voice(2) == 0 % SSUV -- 0,0,0 pitch = fix( LFRAME*0.25 ); ipito = pitch; if ratio > 8 rmso = rms; end end % SSVC -- 1,1,1 slope = (pitch-ipito) / lsamp; ivoice = voice(2); else if ivoico ~= 1 if ivoico == voice(1) % UV2VC2 -- 0,0,1 nl = fix( lsamp - (LFRAME*0.25) ); else % UV2VC1 -- 0,1,1 nl = fix( lsamp - (3*LFRAME*0.25) ); end ipiti(1) = fix( nl * 0.5 ); ipiti(2) = nl - ipiti(1); ivuv(1) = 0; ivuv(2) = 0; rmsi(1) = rmso; rmsi(2) = rmso; rci(:,1) = rco; rci(:,2) = rco; rco = rc; slope = 0; nout = 2; ipito = pitch; jused = nl; istart = nl + 1; ivoice = 1; else if ( ivoico ~= voice(1) ) % VC2UV1 -- 1,0,0 lsamp = fix( (LFRAME*0.25) + jsamp ); else % VC2UV2 -- 1,1,0 lsamp = fix( (3*LFRAME*0.25) + jsamp );

end yarc = rc; rc = rco; ivoice = 1; slope = 0.0; vflag = 1; end end while 1 == 1 for i = istart:lsamp ip = fix( ipito + (slope*i) + .5 ); if uvpit ~= 0.0 ip = fix(uvpit); end if ip <= i-jused nout = nout + 1; if nout > 11 fprintf( 'PITSYN ERROR: too many epochs\n' ); keyboard end ipiti(nout) = ip; pitch = ip; ivuv(nout) = ivoice; jused = jused + ip; prop = ( jused - (ip*0.5) ) / lsamp; alro = log( (1+rco) ./ (1-rco) ); alrn = log( (1+rc) ./ (1-rc) ); xxy = alro + ( prop .* ( alrn - alro ) ); xxy = exp(xxy); rci(:,nout) = ( xxy - 1 ) ./ ( xxy + 1 ); rmsi(nout) = log(rmso) + ( prop * ( log(rms) - log(rmso) ) ); rmsi(nout) = exp( rmsi(nout) ); end end if vflag ~= 1 break; end vflag = 0; istart = jused + 1; lsamp = fix( LFRAME + jsamp ); slope = 0; ivoice = 0; uvpit = (lsamp-istart) * 0.5; if uvpit > 90 uvpit = uvpit * 0.5; end rmso = rms; rc = yarc; rco = yarc; end jsamp = lsamp - jused; end if nout ~=0 ivoico = voice(2); ipito = pitch; rmso = rms; rco = rc; end