Computer Programming Skills MathCad Solution by DF Sozinando

Student at the Vaal University of

Technology
*Force F is in equilibrium with the weight of semi cylinder and a friction characterized by a
coefficient prevents it from slipping on the horizontal plane. AC is horizontal and F is
perpendicular to AB.
1- Consider a Cartesian reference plane with origin at O (point of contact between the
simi-cylinder and the horizontal floor) and write in a matrix (vector) form coordinates of A, B,
D and G (the center of gravity of semi-cylinder) in a 3-D space respectively.
2- Derive an expression of distance OA.
3- Develop the equation equilibrium between the applied force F and the appropriate frictional
force.
4- Write the equation equilibrium of moments about O.
5- Derive the coefficient of friction as function of angle under the established conditions of
equilibrium and plot the graph to investigate the coefficient of friction when change the angle
0 s 90 s .
TIP:
1. Redraw the figure and O is the point of coordinates (0,0). It is essential to draw the OX ,
OY Cartesians axes and negligible OZ axes. D is the center of the full circle D will thus be
vertically aligned with O. D is a point of coordinates (0,r). G is the center of gravity of half
circle, with coordinates.
2. Split the applied force F into vertical and horizontal components and normal force used for
the frictional force is mg-F
y
; multiplying density and volume results into the mass.
Solution:
Computer Programming Skills MathCad Solution by DF Sozinando
Student at the Vaal University of
Technology
1. Force direction of the respective points:
a
4 r
3
= from semi-circle Center of Gravity
A
r - cos ( )
r r sin ( ) +
0
|

\
|
|
|
.
= B
r cos ( )
r r sin ( ) -
0
|

\
|
|
|
.
= D
0
r
0
|

\
|
|
|
.
= G
4 - r
3
sin ( )
r
4 r
3
cos ( ) -
0
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
=
2. Derivation of an expression for distance OA:
a
2
b
2
c
2
+ 2 b c cos A ( ) - = from cosine rule
OA ( )
2
r cos ( ) ( )
2
r r sin ( ) + ( )
2
+ 2 r cos ( ) ( ) r r sin ( ) + ( ) cos 90 ( ) - =
OA r cos ( )
2
2 cos 90 ( ) cos ( ) sin ( ) - 2 cos 90 ( ) cos ( ) - sin ( )
2
+ 2 sin ( ) + 1 + =
3. Developing Equation of horizontal equilibrium (Deriving an expression for F):
Horizontal Forces: F sin ( ) F

- 0 = F

m g F cos ( ) - ( ) = m

2
r
2
t =
F sin ( )

2
r
2
t g F cos ( ) -
|

\
|
|
.
- 0 = solve for F it's will be:
F
g r
2
t
2 sin ( ) cos ( ) + ( )
=
Computer Programming Skills MathCad Solution by DF Sozinando
Student at the Vaal University of
Technology
4. Equation Equilibrium of moments about O (Deriving an expression for F):
symbolic evaluating this
equation its will be:
r - cos ( )
r r sin ( ) +
0
|

\
|
|
|
.
F sin ( )
F cos ( )
0
|

\
|
|
|
.

4 - r
3
sin ( )
r
4 r
3
cos ( ) -
0
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
0

2
- r
2
t g
0
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
.
+
2 g r
3
t sin ( )
3
F sin ( ) r r sin ( ) + ( ) - F r cos ( )
2
- 0 = solve for F its will be:
F
2 g r
2
t sin ( )
3 cos ( )
2
3 sin ( )
2
+ 3 sin ( ) +
=
5. Deriving an expression for coefficient of friction as a function of
angle:
F
static
F
kinematic
=
2 g r
2
t sin ( )
3 cos ( )
2
3 sin ( )
2
+ 3 sin ( ) +
g r
2
t
2 sin ( ) cos ( ) + ( )
= solve for it's will be:
( )
4 sin ( )
2

3 cos ( )
2
4 cos ( ) sin ( ) - 3 sin ( )
2
+ 3 sin ( ) +
:=
0 20 40 60 80
0
0.1
0.2
( )

deg