pp.3-80: Writing of Josephus 4 -Josephus (AD37-AD100): most important source of info about the time of Jesus.

-Wrote (partly to defend himself), most notably a history of (Jewish War), and Jewish people the (Antiquities). Dead Sea Scroll 4 -Most famous archaeological discovery of scroll by the Dead sea (1947) -Founded in 11 caves; copies of OT book, commentaries on OT book (called pesharim by scholar, "pesher" means interpretation) - Included documents on books of hyms.psalm, instruction for community life, and on the future and hidden purpose of GOd Key Roman Historians 5 -Taticus- refer to Christian movement when he discusses the great fire of Rome (AD64), which emperor Nero blamed on the Christian. Wrote 2 major works: Annales and Historia. He describes the Christian as a "deadly sect" -Suetonius- has reference to Jew community in Rome being expelled by Claudius due to 'rioting at the instigation of Chrestus' Antiochus Epipanes 7, 10 -Antiochus took the name "Epiphanes" which represented a claim to be a devine 'manifestation' -Wanted to spread hellenism (greek culture/religion) and raise funds led him to interference in religion with Jews -Supporting his hellenizing, Antiochus appointment'Jason' built gym near temple and then 'Menelaus' -In conflict with the Jews, Antiochus decided to prohibit circumcision, redirted the temple to Olympian Zesus. Failed to annihilate Jew Herod Family 13-14 Antipater is father of Herod 2 characteristic notable of Herod's Rule: (1) Used political power and psychological to win his insecurity. (2) Builder; fortress, palace, temples and theatres. Archelaus and Herod Antipas 16 Both as Herod's son

-Archelaus: known for brutality and interference with temple affair (ex: deposed 2 high priest) -Herod Antipas: better ruler, a builder like his father, more sensitive to Jewish feeling. Was denounced by John the Baptist for marrying Herodias who was married to a brother of his. John got executed Pontius Pilate 18 -Most famous Roman governor -offended Jewish community by bringing military standard into the City of Jerusalum -A prophet attracted crow to Mt. Gerizim; Pilate sent troops to the mountain and inflicted heavy bloodshed; got sent back to Rome -Governship end due to mishandling of religious uprising in Samaria God chosen Israel 28 Election is the beliefthat the creator of the universe has chosen Israel to be his people Convenant is the form of God's expression of his commitment to Israel Covenant is understood as God's response to evil God promised Abraham 3 things, that he will have many descendent, the whole earth will be blessed through him and his family, and the nation descended from him will be given land. The temple 34 The Temple on Mount Zion "was seen as the jewel" of Jerusalem and God had placed his 'name' there Had section that allowed certain groups -Gentile allowed only in the Court of the Gentiles Hebrew, Latin and Greek on balustrade forbade Gentile to go further - death Temple - central to the sacrificial system (cornerstone of Judaism) Day of Atonement - the daily sacrifice climaxed Festivals 35-36 Each year there were 3 pilgrim festivals (1) Passover (in March/April) celebrated God bringing the people out of slavery in Egypt (Moses) (2) Festival of Weeks or Pentacost (in May/June) Jewish harvest festival, gives thanks to God for the crop (3) Festival of Tabernacles or Booths (in September/October) a feast marked the end of the harvest Hanukkah (Nov/Dec) festival commemorating the rededication of the temple in 164 BC after the Maccabean revolt

Pharisees 39 Pharisees - largest group within Judaism "Bad Guys" in gospel They meet on Friday evening in small group known as Haburoth to eat, study Scripture and pray together. Sadducees 40-41 In contrast with Parisees, Sadducees had politcal power Rejected oral tradition of Pharisees Accepted OT as Scripture, accepted the 1st five book of OT (Pantateuch) Did not believe in Resurrection Gospel 48 The word Gospel means "good news" In Paul's letter, the noun 'gospel' means the christian message about the coming of life, death and resurrection of Jesus Matthew, Mark, Luke and John were not labelled as Gospel until later when they were collected. 2 source hypothesis 61-62 State: Mark was first, and that Matthew and Luke both used Mark as source Further, Matthew and Luke shared a "Q" source which Mark did not have access Mark is the shortest of the Synoptic Supporting Mark is Written First: 601/661 verse of Mark are found in Matthew in Matthew and/or Luke 97% words of Mark are in Matthew 88% words of Mark are in Luke Matthew and Luke virtually never agree in order against MArk: this would lead to the conclusion that Matthewa and Luke has chosen to depart from Mark's order Mark's Greek (Grammar and style) is 'rougher', whereas Matthew and Luke have a smoother style Mark's stories suggest a limitation on Jesus power or influence; whereas Matt and Luke have stronger statement that Jesus healed "all" or "every one of them"

Q 63 Roughly 235 verse MAtt and Luke share that Mark does not have. Supported by agreement in wording, Agreements in sequence, Griesbach Hypothesis 66 W.R. Farmer led a revival of the iew that Matthew wrote first, then Luke used Matthew, and finally Mark made a short version of the two.

209-226: Chiasm 213 Theological themes 214-217 The church 219 Background and purpose 222-223 New Testament Chiasm is when two saying A & B are followed by a similar saying B & A and it all ties around X AB X BA Theological theme? I'm not sure what I was supposed to read here. -__-" The Church - Matthew was he only evangelist (preacher of the gospel) to use the word church and speak directly to the community of Jesus followers - Matthew somehow links Jesus 12 apostles with the 12 tribes of Israel. - The two stories continues each other - The Jewish nation rejects Jesus - The 12 apostles are called by Jesus, sent to Israel to proclaim and bring the kingdom, and are given understanding of the mysteries. (Of what?) - Peter was first, and he walked on water with Jesus - Mark fails to understand Jesus but he wants to help his readers understand Jesus and his death. - Matthew focus on what they do understand, he wants to teach others to obey teachings of Jesus Background & Purpose ??

Immediately - Marks stories always seem to be rushed. He ties his sentences with and instead of making shorter sentences. - His story is the shortest of the 4 gospels but when shares the story with Matthew/ or Luke, his is always the longest. ( I dont get how it can be the shortest and longest at the same time) Secrecy - It was said that Jesus commands people and demons to not say anything about what happened (Im guessing his resurrection?) or who he truly was. - He taught disciples privately and tells them not to tell others. - He talks to the parables to prevent outsiders to understand him - William Wrede says that Marks secrecy theme was basically an excuse as to why Jesus was not recognize during his lifetime. - Three points. o Jesus healing in public; not everyone kept their mouth shut when he told them to o The disciples did not understand key points of Jesus teaching so how would they later clarify who Jesus was o Wrede thought that Jesus miracles were interpreted as divinity, but when Elijah and Elisha raised from the dead, it was not divine. Markan Sandwiches Ending of Mark - Mark had two endings, a short one, and a long one written by other Gospels. - Mark did not finish his Gospel - Marks original conclusion was lost or destroyed deliberately or accidentally - Mark meant to finish at the end of Acts 28:30 which leaves the fate of Paul opens Themes - Christology o Mark uses different descriptions of Jesus to help readers grasp Jesus identity o Jesus was the son of God o Jesus is also Messiah, king and son of David, Messiah is sometimes translated to Christ. Peter was the one who recognize him as Messiah, and it is said that Messiah is the descendant of David. But then again, Jesus is king o Jesus is son of man, o Jesus is also the servant of God, he brings good news and follows in the steps of the baptizer. - Discipleship o The disciples whom Jesus calls to follow him left everything to go with him. o The way and follow o John prepares the way of the Lord Jesus teaches the way of God

Peter denies Jesus and curse at him but Jesus promise restoration of the twelve-even after their desertion and denialThey still received forgiveness and restoration even after their threats. Background - Readers do not know Aramaic and do not understand some Jewish customs - Do know some Jewish customs and religious language - Likely to know latin or speak a kind of Greek influenced by Latin - May suffer persecution for their faith, so some denied faith

81-123: Parables of Jesus 100 Miracles of Jesus 104, 107 Gospels 120-123 Parables of Jesus: Taught through stories and vivid pictorial images. o Gave insight into Jesus as someone who observed on the world around him. Parable is a Greek word meaning comparison. Mark claimed that Jesus public teaching was in parables Jews also taught in parables but were mainly all derived from Jesus The way the parables were interpreted or implied was seen as coming from the CHURCH, not Jesus Miracles of Jesus: Jesus was different from other teachers because of the miracles he was able to perform o Doing good and healing Cleared all manner of disease including: the blind, deaf, dumb, and crippled Cleansed people from leprosy Casted out demons o Raised the dead (All above done by telling the demons to leave, the dead to rise, or tapping the person on the shoulder sometimes he also healed from a distance) o Healing was done according to the strength of peoples faith People question if miracles happen today o Debated even today Some say that saying that miracles still happen today is a simplistic to of jesus and his disciples miracles work Others say that there is no limit to Jesus power and can still perform miracles even without being on this earth Gospel: Earliest records of Jesus life and ministry Associated with the disciples whom Jesus himself authorized to represent him Four gospels = four accounts on Jesus. Four angles on Jesus

 Some of the gospels contradict each other o Some scholars think that this shows the historical unreliability of the Gospels and have concluded that the gospels are either not at all inspired by scripture or that their inspiration lies more in the their theological teaching than in their historical accuracy

143-187 Midrash 144 John the Baptist 145 Galilee 147 Passion predictions 150 Last Supper 151 Why did Jesus die 155-156 Jesus Perspective 158-159 Jesus and the Kingdom 160-164 Midrash is sometimes used referring to a Jewish genre of storytelling which involved fanciful elaboration of the facts. Example, the Gospel accounts of Jesus' birth owe more to theological imagination (and reflection on OT stories such as the story of Moses) than to historical facts. It is pointed out that it is hard to reconcile the different stories of Matthew and Luke and that other parts of the NT (including our oldest Gospel Mark) fail to refer to the virginal conception. Midrash is a Hebrew word, meaning something like 'searching', and is used to describe the Jewish traditions that grew up interpreting and commenting on the OT. The rabbis distinguished two types of midrash - halakah, i.e. commentary on the OT laws and Haggadah, commentary on the OT stories. Haggadic midrash often involved the retelling of OT stories freely, with imaginative details and legendary ideas being added in. For example, in one of the Dead Sea Scrolls Noah's birth is described: the baby is a wonderful, unearthly child, and his father wonders if the child's real father was an angel! John the Baptist Jesus' public ministry began in association with John the Baptist. John, surnamed the Baptist. He lived in the inhospitable Judean desert. Announced the coming of the day of the Lord as promised in the OT Called people to prepare by turning away from their sins and get baptized in the river Jordan. Baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. John attracted a big following causing king Herod Antipas to be nervous John denounced him and his wife Herodias. Jesus was baptized by John. Baptism is for the forgiveness of sins. Some ppl speculate this means that Jesus became a follower of John. John acknowledged the greatness of Jesus Jesus underwent the baptism to be identify with John's annoucement of God's day of

righteousnees, not b/c of his own sinfulness, b/c Jesus teaches and exemplified moral perfection and sinlessness. 2 things happened following Jesus' baptism o Jesus was led by God's Spirit into the wilderness and being 'tempted' or 'tested' by the devil o Jesus began a ministry like John's - in Judea, with a focus on baptizing ppl. This may cause some embarrassment to the church since it made Jesus seem like John and not superior to John. Soon after, John was arrested by Herod and Jesus moved to Galilee where the main part of his ministry began Galilee The bulk of Jesus' ministry took place in Galilee at Capernaum, a village on the shore of the Sea of Galilee Disciples Simon and Andrew came from here Galilee was ruled by Herod Antipas It is predominantly Jewish Jesus largely limited his ministry to those he calls 'the lost sheep of the house of Israel' Jesus was about 30 y/o when he began his ministry (AD 26/27) Length of Jesus' ministry is recorded from 1 yr to 2 or 3 yr Jesus' ministry was prophetic Jesus' teaching contrast to the teaching of the scribes, professional teachers of the the Jewish law Jesus had a charismatic authority Jesus would say 'Truly I say to you vs the scribes Thus says the Lord' Jesus teaches the will of God, the judgment of God Jesus message focused on the good news of salvation Jesus lifestyle - ascetic (abstemious - self-denying), e.g. in his celibacy John's message - baptism of repentance Jesus' message - salvation, healing - spiritual, social and physical Jesus mingled with the commoners and sinners - eating with tax collectors, etc Jesus identified with the poor, denounced the selfishness of rich ppl Jesus ministered to the sick and needy, fed the hungry Jesus was criticized by the religious leaders of the day.. the Pharisees Jesus perform miracles, exorcized demons, raising the dead, calm the storms.. The climax of this 'mystical' side of Jesus is his transfiguration where His appearance was temporarily transformed by light and a divine voice was heard The miracles not to impress ppl, but to fulfill OT promises and manifests the kingdom of God portraying it as free from Satan, sickness, hunger and storm Basic to Jesus' experience and ministry appears to be prayers to wc he devoted himself and wc his disciples observed as important to Him. Response to Jesus is mixed Disciples - brothers Simon and Andrew and James and John all are fishermen

Passion predictions

Mk. 8:31 Mk. 9:31 Mk. 10:32-34 That the Son of man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes, The Son of man will be delivered into the hands of men, and the Son of man will be delivered to the chief priests and the scribes, and they will condemn him to death, and deliver him to the Gentiles; and they will mock him, and scourge him, and be killed, and they will kill him, and when he is killed, and kill him. and after three days rise again. after three days he will rise. and after three days he will rise. Last supper (Question makes indicate that the statements are theories that have not been answered about the last supper) Just another Pass over meal? Signaling of Jesus' coming death? The last fellowship with His disciples? Has sacrificial and sacramental overtones by the early church? Possible influence of Greek mystery religions? Jesus interpreting his ministry as fulfillment of OT promises and prophecies Jesus sees himself as bring a new Exodus-style liberation for God's ppl Jesus understand that liberation to involve a Passover sacrifice and the sacrifice of the one called 'the servant of the Lord' Jesus' Perspective Jesus and the Kingdom Many scholars believe that the kingdom of God is central to Jesus' teaching o Jesus told parables beginning with "The kingdom of God/heaven is like..." o Did so to give promise God Reigned in Jesus' ministry God will come to earth to reign over his people o scholars debate when the time will come (but more people lean into believing that it will be in the future)

The Aims of Jesus 178-179 - Jesus sees himself as sent by Yahweh as the key agent of the renewal of Israel. - He proclaims and enacts the forgiveness of sins and sinners apart, and liberates people from oppressive evil power - Jesus believed all this would provoke oppositions from the Jerusalem leadership who worked

hand-in-glove with the Romans, especially the high priest and the Sadducees, who formed the largest group in Sanhedrin. - Historically highly probably that Jesus thus foresaw that his beliefs would lead to his arrest, suffering and death. -Jesus saw his suffering and death as a key role in his mission to redeem Israel. Jesus as Messiah 179-180 - The Hebrew word for mashiash means anointed one as does Greek christos - A Messiah was a figure anointed, that is empowered and called by God to carry out God-given task. A. Three passages that is central to Jesus understanding his messianic task 1. Jesus asked Peter and he said You are the Messiah a. Jesus reinterprets Peters term Messiah in terms of the son of man 2. High priest asked whether he is the Messiah, the son of the Blessed One a. Jesus response in words which vary I am, You have said so, You say that I am b. Jesus next words identified himself as the son of man which led to his death as blasphemy. 3. Pilates question Are you the king of Jews? Jesus says you say so not a clear yes, but there Jesus as Son of God 181-184 - Jesus taught his disciples to address God as Father thus giving those men the status of Gods sons. - Jesus think of himself as Gods son shows his understanding of how he is the true Israel and ask king/Messiah who represents the nation. - Jesus uses my father and your father but never our father where our means Jesus and the disciples. - The symoptic Gospels use son of God to imply an intimacy relationship with Yahweh a. also shows the obedience to the will of Yahweh and a personal authority which is on the level of Yahweh. 227-240: Immediately 192 - Marks stories always seemed rushed. - Mark connect sentences with and - Marks Gospel is shorter than Mathew and/or Luke, but his version is longest. - Mark uses as soon as 40 times.

Intercalation 195(Markan Sandwich) - Mark uses a sandwiching technique known as intercalation (with stories wrapped around another) - Intercalation is basically a story within a story. Inception stuff. - EXAMPLE I: the raising of Jairus daughter rapped around the healing of the woman with a haemorrhage. In both stories Jess is in contact with impurity the girl is dead the woman is unclean because of the blood. - EXAMPLE II: Mark 14:1-11 set scene by highlighting the plot against Jesus, the anointing of Jesus for burial, and Judas agreement to betray Jesus. Christology 202 - Mark purpose is to allow the readers to see Jesus as Mark sees him. A. Key descriptions I. Jesus is the son of God. (THE first description of him. Jesus is recognized by demons, by divine voice at the baptism and transfiguration, and finally by the centurion who has watched him die.) II. Jesus is also Messiah, king and son of David Messiah is sometimes translated Christ in English Bibles. III. Jesus is also son of man. IV. Jesus also fulfills the OT image of the servant of God. (he bringing good news, following in the steps of the baptiser who prepares for this news. - Mark describes Jesus this way to argue against the particular views presenting Jesus. Discipleship 203-204 - the way (Greek hodos) and follow (Greek akolouthe) - References to the way are suggestive of discipleship - Mark uses the word follow frequently with both wider group who follow him and the selected disciples. - Mark uses whoever (Greek hos an or tis) to show that they too can be followers of Jesus. - Mark uses these words to communicate to his readers about what it will mean for them to follow Jesus. 243-264: 1. Theological Themes 245-252 a. Authors of Gospels hav their own agendas i. Johns focus was on the identity of jesus ii. Matthew, Mark, and Luke talk about this too, but they are more general 1. Mark --- Jesus suffering and death 2. Matthew and Luke --- relationship of Christianity and Judaism

iii. John is focused on Jesus divinity b. JESUS AS THE JEWISH MESSIAH i. John says Jesus is the Christ anointed one. 1. In other words, Jesus is the king from Davids family (Isa. 9:1-7 Isa 11:1-3) ii. Johns Gospel (JG) share Johannine emphases with the Dead Sea Scrolls, so JG may be Essene (a jewish focus) iii. basically, John is super Jewish. because: 1. JG jesus messiahship discussesd throughout the book 2. synoptic bibles are less jewishey with less emphasis on divinity iv. Jesus goes to lots of jewish parties! 1. 3 passovers --- Jesus says he is the manna from Exodus 2. feast of tabernacles --- Jesus talks about water for the thirsty and light for world. 3. feast of dedication (Khannuaeaneahlkkahhh!) v. Jesus is in conflict to with the Jews Jewish problems are very much Jesus too. c. JESUS AS DIVINE SON i. JG emphasizes jesus as son more than synoptic 1. Jesus descended from heaven 2. jesus was with daddy from beginning 3. before abraham was, i am 4. Jesus in JG already existed! wasnt created. he always just was. ii. JG uses the word just like everywhere else in the OT (logos) 1. in the beginning... his word Genesis 2. light and darkness also genesis 3. John probably chose logos to reach Greek audiences iii. logos use in JG 1. Jesus is logos b/c he is Gods way of reaching the world iv. Jesus is more than Gods agent 1. he speaks of himself the same way that god spoke of himself. 2. he can work on the sabbath, but humans cant. i dunno. its what this dumb book says REASONS FOR BELIEVING: SIGNS AND WHITNESSES d. i. umm... heres a list of reasons! 1. water to wine 2. healing a noblemans son 3. healing a lame man 4. feeding 5000 5. walking on water 6. healing blind dude 7. raising lazarus 8. the ressurection ii. witnesses include: 1. John the Baptist

2. Gnosticism 258 a. im so sodding happy this is only one page. 3. Gnosticism is a term used to describe a variety of dualisic movements that flourished in the second sentury AD and later 267-299: 1. Departure of Jesus 268 a. Jesus depature brought blessings to Israel b. also meant forgiveness of sin. central to Peters sermon. c. acts as a calling for his followers to travel to the ends of the earth d. signals the promise of the spirit --- the holy spirit will be central to the creation and support of the church e. Prayer is key. prayer is a strong characteristic of their common life 2. What kind of book is Acts 268-269 a. presented in a narrative form (to persuade, not just entertain) b. some think luke is writing a history c. luke shows a historians instinct for cause and effect i. shows what happens with jesus and WHY it happens ii. luke sees himself in a jewish tradition but writing for greco-romans d. Richard Pervo proposes that Acts is an ancient history, written to entertain i. luke writes entertainingly ii. he uses shipwrecks, adventures, drama, humor, and irony e. Acts seems to be presented for the ordinary people 3. Parallelism 270 a. defines lukes writing b. luke offers connection between his major characters c. shows jesus model of godly living d. shows jesus leadership in his followers lives e. luke uses parallelism to highlight contrasts between christians life before and after christ 4. Damascus Road Encounter 274 a. luke tells the story 3 times 5. Fulfillment 277 a. this language is prominent in Acts b. In Pisidian Antioch (13:16-41) i. speaks of jesus condemnation fulfilling the OT prophets ii. says jerusalem dwellers and their leaders fulfilled everyting written about jesus iii. sees the raising of jesus as fullfillment iv. with the sermon there is much citation of scripture 6. Pauls Missionary Journey 278

a. Paul and the apostles are stopped from traveling because God prevents them from going to Asia and Bithynia b. God sends them to Neapolis, the port of Philippi i. Philippi lacks a synagogue, so paul prays near the river. ii. he meets Lydia: she and her household form the congregation iii. Paul delivers a demonized slave girl c. In Neapolia, Paul is jailed for advocating Judaism d. THEN! an earthquake in the prison offers a chance to go free i. instead, they preach the gospel to the guard ii. his family gets baptised e. Paul shows people his roman citizenship i. this means the magistrate apologizes because he shouldnt have been jailed without a trial ii. he does this so the new church will be left alone f. In Thessalonica paul does normal stuff i. he goes to the synagogue ii. he speaks about jesus iii. the jews are divided iv. unbelievers lead a mob against the believers v. Paul and the others flee to Beroea 7. Pauls Visit to Corinth 279 a. Pauls visit to Corinth is one way to easily date the bible b. a man was appointed proconsul in Achaia, a province of corinth, from July 1 to June 30. c. An inscription has been found on the Delphi letter that dates the proconsul from july 51 AD to june 52 AD d. This suggests paul arrived in corinth in autumn of AD 50 and left spring AD 52 8. Why does Acts End Here? 285 (possibilities) a. Luke is bringing his readers up to date, and has no more information b. luke intended to write a volume three. c. luke implies that paul was released. --- if paul WAS released, then why didnt luke say so? d. Paul was tried an executed -- Luke didnt report this because he wanted to leave readers with the vision of paul preaching freely 9. Know the Bold events on 286 a. 30 - pentecost b. 33/34 - conversion of saul c. 47-48 first missionary journey d. 49 apostolic council at jerusalem e. 49-52 second missionary journey f. 52-57 third missionary journey

g. 57-59 caesarean imprisonment h. Sep 59 - Feb 60 Journey to Rome

10. Speeches 288 a. 22% of acts is made of speeches b. lukes presentation of the speeches might make different speakers sound like each other, creating a common structure (identified by lukan language) c. luke is summarizing the speeches, not literally transcribing. d. sometimes, luke reports the same speeches in the same words i. the words of the angel cornelius are repeated twice ii. many speeches are probably second hand recounts. e. Luke is probably not inventing speeches f. Preaching to different groups (gentiles, jews, etc) is different each time. g. There is variation and stylistic change in the speeches 11. God 290 a. central b. the book starts with waiting fo the father. c. JEsus is one with god d. Stephen and Philip are filled with the spirit in the r service of god e. Sauls encounter with JEsus on damascus road involces Saul being blindfolded and God speaking to Ananias. f. Peter goes to the Roman centurion Cornelius in response to Gods activity i. an angel tells cornelius to send peter ii. peter sees a vision and hearts a voice iii. the spirit tsells him how many men are seeking him iv. god interrupts peters sermon byt he spirit g. Throughout Acts, the apostles preach the word of God. i. Lukes focus is on divine activity, which regular people cannot create 12. Jesus 291 a. Jesus is prominent in Acts, but not in the same way as luke b. focuses on jesus resurrection c. descriptions in Acts of jesus i. he is messiah ii. he is lord iii. both descriptions are used to describe jesus and god d. Luke has an emphasis on the name of jesus i. forgiveness ii. healing iii. preaching iv. baptism v. suffering vi. exorcism vii. all happen in the name of jesus

e. Other descriptions indicate early Christological development i. like the prophet moses 1. he is servant 2. he is child ii. or like in early chapters of Acts 1. he is the author of life 2. he is leader f. early christological development hints in the fact that these terms may have been used in early churches

13. Holy Spirit 292 a. Every mission directed by the church is imbuned with the holy spirit b. 5 accounts of the spirits outpouring, accompanied by: i. speaking in other languages ii. natural phenomonenon (wind) iii. fire iv. shaking buildings c. New stages in the missions development are marked by activity of the spirit. i. Luke focuses on areas of Spirit involvement ii. we learn relatively little about the Spirits role in the christian community d. Here are some examples of the Spirits activity i. visions and dreams that reveal Gods mind and will ii. words, instrictions and guidance from God iii. wisdom or discernment from god iv. charistmatic praise produced by god entering the people who give it v. preaching testimony and teaching e. there is a connection to being filled with the spirit and suffering in Acts i. Luke portrays the spirit as intimitating the suffering of people ii. Peter and John say the spirit testifies with them and are sad with them or rejoice with them 14. Mission and the church and sharing possessions 293 a. God reaches out to the people o enable them to hear and respond to the gospel of Jesus. b. He sends them out to the ends of the earth c. methods by which missions happen are varied i. signs and wonders occur (healing or deliverance of demons) 1. healing of the lame man ii. debate and dialogue between Jews and Gentiles in public and private iii. public speeches d. The churchs role is to cooperate with God