Steel structures
Australian Standardt
AS 4100—1998
This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/1, Steel Structures. It was
approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 17 April 1998 and published
on 5 June 1998.
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Australian Standardt
Steel structures
PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee BD/1, Steel Structures, to
supersede AS 4100—1990.
The objective of this Standard is to provide designers of steel structures with specifications for steel
structural members used for load-carrying purposes in buildings and other structures.
This new edition of the Standard incorporates Amendments No. 1—1992, No. 2—1993,
No. 3—1995 and draft Amendment No. 4 issued for public comment as DR 97347. Draft
Amendment No. 4 was not published separately as a green slip.
Amendment No. 1—1992 includes the following major changes:
(a) Strength of steels complying with AS 1163 and AS/NZS 1594. (Table 2.1.)
(b) Shear buckling capacity for stiffened web. (Clause 5.11.5.2.)
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CONTENTS
Page
1.7 CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SECTION 2 MATERIALS
2.1 YIELD STRESS AND TENSILE STRENGTH USED IN DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.2 STRUCTURAL STEEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.3 FASTENERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.4 STEEL CASTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Page
Page
SECTION 9 CONNECTIONS
9.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
9.2 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
9.3 DESIGN OF BOLTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
9.4 ASSESSMENT OF THE STRENGTH OF A BOLT GROUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
9.5 DESIGN OF A PIN CONNECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
9.6 DESIGN DETAILS FOR BOLTS AND PINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
9.7 DESIGN OF WELDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.8 ASSESSMENT OF THE STRENGTH OF A WELD GROUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
9.9 PACKING IN CONSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
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SECTION 11 FATIGUE
11.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
11.2 FATIGUE LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
11.3 DESIGN SPECTRUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
11.4 EXEMPTION FROM ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
11.5 DETAIL CATEGORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
11.6 FATIGUE STRENGTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
11.7 EXEMPTION FROM FURTHER ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
11.8 FATIGUE ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
11.9 PUNCHING LIMITATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
SECTION 12 FIRE
12.1 REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
12.2 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
12.3 DETERMINATION OF PERIOD OF STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY . . . . . . . . 137
12.4 VARIATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL WITH
TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
12.5 DETERMINATION OF LIMITING STEEL TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
12.6 DETERMINATION OF TIME AT WHICH LIMITING TEMPERATURE IS
ATTAINED FOR PROTECTED MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
12.7 DETERMINATION OF TIME AT WHICH LIMITING TEMPERATURE IS
ATTAINED FOR UNPROTECTED MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
12.8 DETERMINATION OF PSA FROM A SINGLE TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
AS 4100—1998 6
Page
SECTION 13 EARTHQUAKE
13.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
13.2 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
13.3 DESIGN AND DETAILING REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
13.4 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR NON-BUILDING STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . 147
SECTION 14 FABRICATION
14.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
14.2 MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
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SECTION 15 ERECTION
15.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
15.2 ERECTION PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
15.3 TOLERANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
15.4 INSPECTION OF BOLTED CONNECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
15.5 GROUTING AT SUPPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
APPENDICES
A REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
B SUGGESTED DEFLECTION LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
C CORROSION PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
D ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
E SECOND ORDER ELASTIC ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
F MOMENT AMPLIFICATION FOR A SWAY MEMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
7 AS 4100—1998
Page
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
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AS 4100—1998 8
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
Steel structures
COPYRIGHT
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