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Australian Standard

Above-ground burial structures

AS 4425—1996
 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee BD/71, Cemetery
Monuments. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on
16 August 1996 and published on 5 November 1996.

The following interests are represented on Committee BD/71:

Australian Cemeteries and Crematoria Association
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Australian Monument Federation

New Zealand Master Monumental Masons Association
National Trust N.S.W.
Office of Australian War Graves
Society of Australian Genealogists

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are
subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as
necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest
editi on, and any amendments thereto.
Full details of all Australi an Standards and related publicati ons will be found in the Standards Australia
Catalogue of Publi cations; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The
Australian Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications,
new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards
Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard
should be made wit hout delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 95421.

 AS 4425—1996

Australian Standard
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Above-ground burial structures

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7337 0698 3
 AS 4425 — 1996 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
Committee BD/71 on Cemetery Monuments with the objective of enabling cemetery
authorities to specify minimum structural design criteria, performance, installation and
renovation requirements for above-ground burial structures.
This Standard is the result of a consensus among representatives on the Joint Committee
that it be produced as an Australian Standard.
In some states of Australia the practice of perpetual tenure is legislated. Consideration
should be given to this during design. However, these structures should have a minimum
service life of 50 years.
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 Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australi a publications and software. Except where the
Copyri ght Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or soft ware produced by Standards Austr alia may be
reproduced, stored in a retri eval system in any form or transmitt ed by any means wit hout prior permission in writ ing from
Standards Austr alia. Permission may be conditi onal on an appropri ate royalty payment. Requests for permission and informati on
on commercial soft ware royalt ies should be dir ected to the head off ice of Standards Australi a.
Standards Austr alia wil l permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use
exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia.
Standards Austr alia will also permit the inclusion of it s copyright materi al in computer soft ware programs for no royalty
payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.
Care should be taken to ensure that material used is fr om the current editi on of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the
Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied.
The use of materi al in pri nt form or in computer soft ware programs to be used commercially, with or wit hout payment, or in
commercial contr acts is subject to the payment of a royalt y. This policy may be varied by Standards Australi a at any ti me.
 3 AS 4425 — 1996

CONTENTS
Page

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. ... ..... . ... . 5
1.2 APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. ... 5
1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. ..... ..... ... .. 5
1.4 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. ... 6
1.5 CRYPT IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. ..... .. ... .. .. . 6

SECTION 2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS

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2.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 CEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 NATURAL STONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4 CONCRETE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5 MORTAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.6 MASONRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.7 REINFORCING STEEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.8 STRUCTURAL STEEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.9 GROUTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.10 FLEXIBLE COMPOUND BONDING AGENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.11 LETTERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.12 GUNMETAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

SECTION 3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

3.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. . 10
3.2 DESIGN LOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... .. ... .. .. .. . . . .. . 10
3.3 INTERMENT SPACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... ..... ... .. .. .. .. . 10
3.4 BUILDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . .. .. .. ... .. .. . . . 12
3.5 NATURAL STONE VENEER . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... ....... ..... .. .. . 12
3.6 OTHER FINISHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. . 12
3.7 POWER SUPPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... .. ... .. .. .. . . . .. . 12

First published as AS 4425— 1996.

 AS 4425 — 1996 4

FOREWORD

This Standard is intended to cover all possible structures in cemeteries not covered by
AS 4204, including those commonly known as mausoleums, vaults, family vaults,
underground vaults, crypts, garden crypts, tombs, lined graves and similar. Descriptions
may vary with location.
The term mausoleum was considered as a word which could cover all of these structures.
However, it calls to mind a large imposing structure. Mausolus was a ruler of Caria. On
his death his spouse Artimesia built a large colonnaded edifice at Halicarnassus for his
burial (circa 350 BCE). It was 50 m high and was surmounted by a truncated pyramid
supporting a four horse chariot. It was regarded in classical times as one of the Seven
Wonders of the World. Another structure referred to as a mausoleum is the Taj Mahal.
It should be noted that cemeteries operate under state law and there may be specific
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requirements for entombment of human remains which affect the design, construction and
use of structures built in different states.
 5 AS 4425 — 1996

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
Above-ground burial structures

S E C T I O N 1 S CO P E A N D G E NE R A L

1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies some minimum requirements for the design
(structural and functional) and construction of above-ground burial structures which cater
for entombment of human remains. Such a structure may contain any number of crypt
spaces, some of which may be below ground level. It does not set out to preclude artistic
endeavour, providing this falls within the parameters of this Standard.
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1.2 APPLICATION This Standard is intended for use by planning authorities,

cemetery authorities, monumental masons and all personnel concerned with the design,
construction and general requirements of structures which contain crypt spaces.

1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this

Standard:
AS
1163 Structural steel hollow sections
1170 Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code)
1170.1 Part 1: Dead and live loads and load combinations
1170.2 Part 2: Wind loads
1170.3 Part 3: Snow loads
1170.4 Part 4: Earthquake loads
1302 Steel reinforcing bars for concrete
1303 Steel reinforcing wire for concrete
1304 Welded wire reinforcing fabric for concrete
1379 The specification and manufacture of concrete
2738 Copper and copper alloys —Compositions and designations
2738.3 Part 3: Cast products
3000 Electrical installations— Buildings, structures and premises (known as the SAA
Wiring Rules)
3600 Concrete structures
3678 Structural steel — Hot-rolled plates, floor plates and slabs
3679 Structural steel
3679.1 Part 1: Hot-rolled bars and sections
3679.2 Part 2: Welded sections
3700 Masonry in buildings (known as the SAA Masonry Code)
3972 Portland and blended cements
4100 Steel structures
4204 Headstones and cemetery monuments

COPYRIGHT
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AS 4425-1996, Above ground burial structures

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