8

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 1 of 17 PageID: 474

Meredith Video Studios, and Parent TV to dismiss plaintiffs complaint for failure to state a

(Meredith)

media. (Second Amended Compl. (SAC) 1.) One of Merediths brand

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stolen by

$ y

@ y

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 2 of 17 PageID: 475

Crisos

as a testament to how

mother could overcome her fears and successfully breastfeed a child. (

breastfeeding. (

agreed to appear in the video because she felt her own personal

Crisos

A D

process and Parents TVs intentions with regard to

&

&

1 y

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 3 of 17 PageID: 476

Undersigned may have at any time by reason of the use of the Undersigneds image, voice and

Crisos

) When Sahourys shoot was

(Release)

including without limitation, claims of privacy. (

Likeness), and states that

'

in connection with the Recorded Likeness. (

'

A.S.s full name also

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'

wise of Undersigneds image and voice (referred to as Recorded signed was an Authorization & Full Release from any and all claims which the authorizes

signeds name

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 4 of 17 PageID: 477

a woman

daughters

pornographic video with [Sahoury] and A.S. connecting them both to pornography. (SAC

] before the video shoot, and had

users of the pornographic content in an effort to repair her and her daughters

"

Sahourys full name was contrary to the representations made

Crisos help

at an individual named Nizard

exhibited a sens

j 4

lingness to help Sahoury

3 w

"

een, the creator

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 5 of 17 PageID: 478

518 U.S. 415, 427 (1996) (Under the Erie doctrine, federal courts sitting in diversity apply state

'

anger, sadness, and an unhealthy obsession with trying to clear her and her daughters name.

eral procedural law.).

8(a)(2) [a] pleading that states a claim for relief

The pleading must set out sufficient factual matter

alleged.
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so that a court may draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct

This standard does not require detailed factual allegations, but it demands more than
n 7 0 D ) @ 4 @ D 3 5 4 0 9 A @ 0 ) a c k ` ` i E 9 ) 1 j a ` V i ( j ` i 1 j E Y X ( q r I S r H  F g s q G

Sahoury has suffered humiliation, severe

that the pleader is entitled to relief.

the claim is facially plausible

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 6 of 17 PageID: 479

meet any particular probability requirement but must show that there is more than a sheer

me accusation.

'

l matter, accepted as true, to

'

'

conclusory statements, do not suffice.

'

ity that defendant has acted unlawfully.

'

factual detail in a complaint is so underdeveloped that it does not prov

type of notice of claim which is contemplated by Rule 8.

It

[c]ontext matters in notice pleading and a complaint will fail to state a claim if the

'

determine whether the facts alleged are

claim for relief.

'

U A 5 5 U  D U B D U m 0 4

common sense.
U ) C ) U A 7 W @ l A @ 0 D

'

show that the plaintiff has a plausible the tenet that a court

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 7 of 17 PageID: 480

more than allege the plaintiff entitlement to relief; it must show

summary judgment, the Third Circuit and

court can consider a

the basis of Sahourys claims

s claims. Rather, it
A @ ( A 3 9 @ 7 4 @ 0 ) 4 5 B D 8 A 4 @ D D C 7 A 1 3 5 U 0 ) @ 4 @ 7 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ ( @ 9 4 9 A 8 8 @ 4 @ 0 ) ) 0 D U A 9 ( B A

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 8 of 17 PageID: 481

must show

on; and (5) resulting damages.

25 (1981).

reliance is the same for fraud and negligent misrepresentation.

her reliance on the producers statements was detrimental

A 9 0 A A 6 1 4 A 9 5 4 1 4 @ 4 A @ 4 9 A @ ) A 9 D @ @ ) 1 A 2 A ) 5 A A 7 A 7 3 4 8 3 1 D 9 A @ C D @ 7 A 3 A 9 A @ @ 4 A 7 4 A 5 A ! A @ 1 A 0 ) 7 D 7 5 4 A $ 8 4 D A 1 ) 2 A @ 0 ) A @ 4 ) U ) @ 9 4 D @ 0 ) 7 D D U 0 ) 7 0 D ) @ 4 @ 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 A 7 A 3 D 4 $ E 0 D ) 7 ) 2 A 5 A @ A 5 4 U 1 0 4 A @ ) 7 A d 7 @ 0 A 9 4 h A @ 0 D 0 D C 1 0 4 ( v G q u t P I r q q R Q S H q s r 0 ) 1 A 7 3 A 1 5 3 D 7 A B 4 0 @ 7 9 ) C ) 9 A @ ) A ( 9 A D @ 1 A @ 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 9 A U 3 1 D 9 D A 1 ) 2 A @ @ 4 @ 7 I g P H R H m x V ( X j V E q E # k V V P H r G q g s H E @ 5 3 A @ U ) 0 D 3 0 D ) @ 4 B 9 D C 0 ) A 7 5 4 C 1 A 1 ) 2 D 9 8 8 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 7 ) B @ 0 A ) 5 A 0 9 D C B ) 4 5 U 4 @ 3 D A 4 A 6 5 0 D 1 A @ 3 @ ) @ 7 0 D U 0 D ) @ 4 @ 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 7 ) B 4 @ 4 @ 8 @ A 4 @ 0 4 2 1 4 A 3 1 0 3 0 4 0 ) 4 @ D D @ 0 D ) @ 0 A @ 0 ) 7 @ 0 A B A 5 A A g x i m ( k V m E q E # m C C ) @ 0 ) 4 5 A @ c j a 1 0 4 0 D ) @ 4 @ 0 A 6 5 @ 0 A 7 A 9 4 C D 0 D ) @ 4 @ 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 7 ) 5 4 @ ) 3 A 7 B ) 4 5 U C C ) @ 0 ) 4 5 4 A 9 A n n 8 0 ) @ D 3 a c X ` ` i a j i V ( V m V E A @ 6 0 D A 9 7 @ ) C D @ 0 4 1 A 9 7 ) B 5 4 ) 9 A

The element of

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 9 of 17 PageID: 482

Sahourys

"

Defendants

s full name and

Moreover, in pleading fraud a party must state with particularity the

alleged generally. Fed. R. Civ. P. 9(b).

the fraud but [m]alice, intent, knowledge and other conditions of a persons mind may be

le.

reasonably relied on the misrepresentation. (Defs.

hat she consent[ed] to use of [her and her daughters]

and authorized

likeness in any medium whatsoever (now existing or hereinafter created). (Defs.

A 7 3 D @ 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 ( 7 7 A 0 A ) 1 A 1 9 D U A ! A @ @ ) 0 D ) @ U A 0 0 D U 0 ) A B 4 0 8 @ 7 A @ 4 @ 7 1 A 0 ) 7 6 9 3 D 4 $ A 7 4 A 5 A ! A @ @ 4 @ n c E V V E 9 w 8 7 D @ 1 A 5 ) 4 C 7 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ @ 4 @ A 3 9 4 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A e $ E ' ` X X ( G ) 7 3 4 5 D @ A 5 4 2 ) A U 0 D U B D 9 C A 0 ) 5 8 7 @ 4 @ @ 0 A @ 0 ) A @ @ ) 1 0 4 6 5 0 ) D 0 8 A 5 ) ( A 7 4 A 5 A 9 A @ 0 ) 7 1 0 4 D A 1 ) 2 0 A 7 A 9 A 9 7 ) B @ U 4 l A A @ ( 6 @ ) 9 4 5 3 U ) @ 9 4 E A 5 ) 7 3 4 5 8 8 A ) 5 A 0 9 D 5 4 0 D ) @ 0 A @ 0 ) 7 4 @ ) 9 A @ A A D 5 A 2 A 1 9 A @ 9 3 C 5 5 ) 6 9 A 2 D U 7 ) 1 4 5 4 @ 4 @ 7 A @ 4 @ 7 c j a c i a c 1 a Y E h E 2 ) T U 4 C A 7 A g 9 A 1 0 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ A C @ 7 4 A 9 6 9 3 D 4 $ A 1 4 B A 3 g 3 D " A 7 3 C A 1 A 7 3 4 U A

that because the prior oral statements contradict

E C C V V E 9 w

these claims across the

'

C y

1 y

1 y

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 10 of 17 PageID: 483

Generally, defendants

misses the point that standards of pleading are not the same as standards of proof.

n, including without limitation claims of privacy. (Aff.

release

her or her daughters

when Sahourys full

A 7 3 6 5 0 D 1 5 3 D 6 A @ @ 7 ) 7 B ) 4 5 U A 7 A @ D @ 7 4

$ y

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 11 of 17 PageID: 484

standard established by law for the protection of others against an unreasonable risk of harm.

The Release uses the word name

Negligence is conduct which falls below the

enninger v. Hunterdon Cent. Regl High Sch.

defendants conduct

.
6 9 3 A C A

Defs.

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 12 of 17 PageID: 485

humiliation, severe stress, anxiety, panic attacks, crying and shaking spells, vomiting,

the breastfeeding video (SAC 62);

exercise reasonable and ordinary care in the filming, editing, production and dissemination of

to YouTube and including Sahoury

defendants

became consumed with her efforts to clear her name and A.S.s name and

eplessness, anger, [and] sadness . . . . (

her assertion that defendants acted negligently

Sahourys

responded that she did not know and that she

8 A 5 5 4 U ( @ 0 4 @ 5 3 7 0 D U 0 D ) @ 4 @ U 4 5 A @ ( D 7 ) 9 @ 4 @ 7 A A 5 5 4 T ) @ 9 4 A @ C D A B 4 0 5 5 3 C A @ @ 3 @ D 0 1 ) 1 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 B 4 9 A B 4 U ( 9 A U 3 1 D 9 A B 4 7 A @ @ ) ( 0 D ) @ 4 U D 5 A B 4 7 8 D A 1 ) 2 0 ) 1 A A C @ 7 4 A 9 1 0 D U A 7 4 1 A B 5 ) C 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 A @ C D 7 A B 4 0 5 5 3 C A @ @ 7 D @ D 0 D 1 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 8 9 A @ D 0 ) 1 3 5 U 0 ) ( 7 D A 1 ) 2 5 4 0 D ) @ U 3 9 @ 7 0 ) 9 A @ D 0 ) 0 ) A B D 9 C 1 A @ U A @ D 9 A 9 4 A @ ) 7 A d 7 @ 0 A 9 4 h A @ 0 D 8 8 A 5 5 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ v G q u t P I r q q R Q S H q s r 0 ) @ 4 0 ) B A 7 7 ) 1 C D @ 9 D 3 7 0 f A 5 7 ( 0 D ) 7 7 A 9 A 1 8 U D 7 7 4 0 ) A 6 6 9 3 0 ) A 9 A 2 A 7 1 A 9 A C C 3 7 E $ E 1 0 4 B ) l D 9 1 0 4 @ U A 9 ) 1 4 7 4 c x a 1 0 4 E $ E 1 0 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ 7 @ 4 @ 0 D 0 A 2 4 1 5 3 D 7 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 c j a A B 4 0 ) @ 7 D 0 A D A 1 ) 2 A @ @ U A @ D 9 D @ 7 A @ 7 A 5 4 0 D 7 4 A 9 C A 1 c i a 8 5 5 4 U ) C ) U A 7 7 A A 5 5 4 @ 0 ) 4 5 B D U A g

something they do. (SAC 27.) discovered to ask why Sahourys full name was used in the video and claims that the producer

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 13 of 17 PageID: 486

no duty to control the acts of a third party. (Defs.

state, [d]

and this analysis is necessarily

case on a motion to dismiss, but rather need only

reasonable expectation that discovery will reveal evidence of the necessary element.

, and defendants
4 A @ 4 9 @ 7 0 D B A 1 @ 4 E c 1 3 A 9 @ D 0 7 ) C C ) @ 0 ) 4 5 4 7 9 D @ U 4 C 7 3 D 9 A B 3 n V Y ` Y ( x E 9 A 3 $ E 4 1 0 4 6 @ ) 0 3 @ 9 D 8 4 9 A 2 A 7 0 ) U 0 4 5 4 7 @ 0 4 1 0 8 ) 0 D 5 4 1 A B 5 ) C 8 3 0 ) A A 7 9 D 0 6 5 5 4 9 3 @ 4 0 7 A 7 ) 9 @ U A @ D 9 D @ A 9 4 U

, [e]ven .

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 14 of 17 PageID: 487

Defendants

efendants

in the breastfeeding video for trade purposes

( 8 1 A @ 4 5 D ) 2 A 2 4 7 @ 0 4 1 0 A C A 1 @ 4 @ 7 A A 5 5 4 @ 0 ) 4 5 B D U Q  t I s H I s v R P I S H P I s R I H G H q Q H Q S Q S G I 8 7 0 A A A 2 4 7 B ) 4 5 U A 7 D @ 9 A @ A 0 D ) A @ D 0 7 C A 1 @ 4 @ @ U 4 C A g E A 9 3 @ U 0 3 7 ) @ @ 4 A 4 B @ D 0 5 5 ) 7 ) A 7 4 A 5 A ! A @ A 1 3 5 U 0 D U 5 5 ) @ 9 3 D 7 ) @ 7 A B 3 7 7 4 @ T 8 0 D U A 0 ) 9 @ U D 1 A @ 9 D C @ 0 A B 3 9 4 1 1 0 E 2 4 7 A ) @ 9 4 A @ A 7 4 8 6 5 0 D 9 @ 7 4 5 A 7 4 U 8 ) 4 5 U U 3 7 0 ) 1 4 A 5 B D 9 C A 7 ) 9 4 7 B ) 4 5 U 1 0 D U A A g E @ 0 ) 4 5 8 A 5 3 ! @ 4 @ 7 A 9 D 0 ) @

appropriated for their own use and/or benefit the plaintiffs names. (SAC 73.)
8 1 0 4 7 A B 4 0 9 ) A @ 0 ) 7 3 6 6 U 4 2 ) 9 A @ C D @ 0 3 D U @ C ) C A g

Sahoury and A.S.s

"

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 15 of 17 PageID: 488

publication uses the plaintiffs likeness for the purpose of capitalizing upon the name by using it

claim for misappropriation the plaintiff must show that (1) defendant used plaintiffs name or

of a persons name or likeness

Defs.

Opp. Br.

business or product.

Sahoury and A.S.s

or to advertise the defendants

defendants use of plaintiff

(Wolfson, J.) ([T]

demonstrated a commercial purpose because large companies post videos to

8 8 A 3 g 3 D " D @ D A 1 ) 2 v G q u t P I r q q R Q S H q s r A @ 0 ) @ 7 D 6 @ 4 @ 1 A A 5 5 4 6 9 3 D 4 $ ( A 9 8 ( @ 7 A 9 A @ 0 ) U ) 5 3 0 ) B A A 1 A 9 4 @ 3 D @ ) ( A 1 4 9 @ C D 7 A 7 D 9 3 9 D C 6 5 0 ) 4 B A A @ 9 A @ A 7 ) @ 0 A B A 9 ) 3 A 9 A

(internal quotations o

any nontortious uses of someone

@ B D @

'

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 16 of 17 PageID: 489

on Sahoury, or her daughters,

"

that [d]efendants appropriated plaintiffs

commercial profit and advantage, the

appropriating to the defendants

as an institutional or educational

0 A D 9 ) 5 C D U

0 y

defendants s

'

Case 2:11-cv-05180-KSH-PS Document 37 Filed 08/02/12 Page 17 of 17 PageID: 490

noted that

were used for a commercial or trade purpose,

Sahoury and A.S.s

institutional or educational video is not suffici

commercial purpose element of the misappropriation tort.

defendants
4 C B ) 4 5 U 0 D ) @ 4

, the court concluded plaintiffs failed to state a

nd likeness for