ANALGESICS.

PARACETAMOL 120mg/5ml Syrup 1)Drug Grouping -"aniline analgesics 2)Example of drug- trade and genetic name Trade name : Panadol 3)Indication/Contraindication Indication: Mild to moderate pain and pyrexia. Contraindication : hypersensitivity, analgesic nephropathy, renal and hepatic impairment. 4)Dosage: Child:up to 1 year:60-120mg. 1 to 5 year : 120-240mg 6-12 year : 240-480mg. Repeat every 4-6 hours when necessary.Max of 4 doses in 24 hour. 5)Route of administration Oral dose (capsules, powders, suspension, or tablets), rectal suppositories, intravenous,and intramuscular form. 6)Action of the drug: Anticoagulants,alcohol,liver enzymes inducers,aspirin,chloramphenicol and phenobarbitone. 7)Side effect: -Allergic reaction -Paracetamol has few side effects and is regarded as safe, although intake above the recommended dose can lead to liver damage, which can be severe and life-threatening, and occasionally kidney damage. 8)Special Precaution: Renal and hepatic failure.

PARACETAMOL 250 mg Suppository 1)Drug Grouping : "aniline analgesics 2)Trade name:3)Indication:Post operative pain relief for paediatric cases. Contradication: Not known. 4)Dosage:20 mg/kg body wt. 5)Route of administration: Oral dose (capsules, powders, suspension, or tablets), rectal suppositories, intravenous,and intramuscular form. 6)Action of the drug: Anticoagulants,alcohol,liver enzymes inducers,aspirin,chloramphenicol and phenobarbitone. 7)Side effect: -Allergic Reaction. - Paracetamol has few side effects and is regarded as safe, although intake above the recommended dose can lead to liver damage, which can be severe and life-threatening, and occasionally kidney damage. 8)Special Precaution: Renal and hepatic failure.

PARACETAMOL 500mg Tablet 1)Drug Grouping: "aniline analgesics 2)Trade name:Panadol 3)Indication:Mild to moderate pain and pyrexia. Contradication:Not known. 4)Dosage:Adult:500-1000mg every 4-6hours.max of 4 g daily 5)Route of administration: Oral dose (capsules, powders, suspension, or tablets), rectal suppositories, intravenous,and intramuscular form. 6)Action of the drug: Anticoagulants,alcohol,liver enzymes inducers,aspirin,chloramphenicol and phenobarbitone. 7)Side effect: -Allergic Reaction. - Paracetamol has few side effects and is regarded as safe, although intake above the recommended dose can lead to liver damage, which can be severe and life-threatening, and occasionally kidney damage. 8)Special Precaution: Renal and hepatic failure.

ANTIYRETICS ASPIRIN 1)Drug Grouping:Nonopied analgesic 2)Trade name:Acetylsalicylic Acid(ASA) 3)Indication: Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction, Stent implantation, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Mild to moderate pain and fever, Pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders. Contraindications: -Hypersensitivity (attacks of asthma, angioedema, urticaria or rhinitis), active peptic ulceration; pregnancy (3rd trimester), children <12 yr, patients with haemophilia or haemorrhagic disorders, gout, severe renal or hepatic impairment, lactation. -Should not be given to client on anticoagulants therapy. 4)Dosage: Oral Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction Adult: 75-325 mg once daily. Lower doses should be used in patients receiving ACE inhibitors. Oral Stent implantation Adult: 325 mg 2 hr before procedure followed by 160-325 mg/day thereafter. Oral Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Child: 80-100 mg/kg daily in 5 or 6 divided doses. Up to 130 mg/kg daily in acute exacerbations if necessary. Oral Mild to moderate pain and fever Adult: 325-650 mg repeated every 4-6 hr according to response. Max: 4 g/day. May also be given rectally. Max Dosage: Oral Pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disorders Adult: Initial: 2.4-3.6 g/day in divided doses. Usual maintenance: 3.6-5.4 g/day. Monitor serum concentrations 5)Route of administration:oral and should be taken with food. 6)Action of the drug: -Decrease sensation of pain. -Alcohol, corticosteroids, analgin, phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone may increase risk of GI ulceration. Aspirin increases phenytoin levels. May antagonize actions of uricosurics and

spironolactone.
Potentially Fatal: May potentiate effects of anticoagulants, methotrexate and oral hypoglycaemics

7)Side effect: -severe inflammation -gastric discomfort -bleeding -Some of the most common aspirin side effects are stomach pain, heart burn, nausea and vomiting. An aspirin overdose or higher dosage than recommended can cause very serious health issues. It is one of the leading causes of gastrointestinal tract complications, including micro-bleeding and ulcers. There is also a small but very serious risk of hemorrhagic stroke. 8)Special Indication: -History of peptic ulcer or those prone to dyspepsia and those with gastric mucosal lesion, asthma or allergic disorders, dehydrated patients, uncontrolled hypertension, impaired renal or hepatic function, elderly