AS/NZS 4452:1997

Australian/New Zealand Standard

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The storage and handling of toxic

substances
 AS/NZS 4452:1997

This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical

Committee CH/9, Safe Handling of Chemicals. It was approved on behalf of the
Council of Standards Australia on 31 December 1996 and on behalf of the
Council of Standards New Zealand on 23 December 1996. It was published on
5 March 1997.

The following interests are represented on Committee CH/9:

Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Wholesalers Association
Australasian Railways Association
Australian Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association
Australian Conservation Foundation
Australian Council of Trade Unions
Australian Fire Authorities Council
Australian Government Analytical Laboratories
Australian Institute of Petroleum
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Australian Paint Manufacturers Federation

Department for Industrial Affairs, S.A.
Department of Defence, Australia
Department of Minerals and Energy, W.A.
Environment Protection Authority of N.S.W.
Institution of Engineers, Australia
Insurance Council of Australia
Melbourne Water
Ministry of Health, New Zealand
National Association for Crop Protection and Animal Health
National Occupational Health and Safety Commission
New Zealand Chemical Industry Council
New Zealand Fire Service
Plastics and Chemicals Industry Association
Tranz Rail New Zealand
Victorian WorkCover Authority
Work Health Authority, N.T.
WorkCover N.S.W.
Workplace Standards Authority, Tasmania
Additional interests participating in preparation of Standard:
Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Association (AGSAFE)
Institute of Public Health, N.S.W.
New Zealand Department of Labour
Manufacturers and users of toxic substances
Consultants to the chemical industry

Review of Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Joint Australian/

New Zealand Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the
issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that
Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any
amendments thereto.
Full details of all Joint Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards
Australia and Standards New Zealand Catalogue of Publications; this information is
supplemented each month by the magazines ‘The Australian Standard’ and ‘Standards
New Zealand’, which subscribing members receive, and which give details of new
publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggestions for improvements to Joint Standards, addressed to the head office of either
Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand, are welcomed. Notification of any
inaccuracy or ambiguity found in a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard should be
made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action
taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 95324.

 AS/NZS 4452:1997

Australian/New Zealand Standard

This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

The storage and handling of toxic

substances

First published as AS/NZS 4452:1997.

PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY:

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
1 The Crescent,
Homebush NSW 2140 Australia
STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND
Level 10, Standards House,
155 The Terrace,
Wellington 6001 New Zealand
ISBN 0 7337 0943 5
 AS/NZS 4452:1997 2

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
Committee CH/9, Safe Handling of Chemicals. Preparation of the Standard was commenced
following a request from the Australian Chemical Industry Council that a series of Standards
be prepared on the storage and handling of dangerous goods.
The objective of this Standard is to provide users of toxic substances with such requirements
and recommendations for the storage and handling of those substances as are appropriate to
the interests of safety of persons and property.
This Standard deals with dangerous goods of Class 6.1, as classified in the UN
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, the ADG Code and the IMDG
Code. In New Zealand, this Standard also applies to those substances that meet the criteria
of Schedules 1–4 of the New Zealand Toxic Substances Regulations 1983.
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The series of Standards covering the storage and handling of dangerous goods presently
comprises the following Standards:
AS
1596 LP Gas— Storage and handling
1894 Code of practice for the safe handling of cryogenic fluids
1940 The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids
2022 Anhydrous Ammonia— Storage and handling (known as the SAA Anhydrous
Ammonia Code)
2507 The storage and handling of pesticides

2714 The storage and handling of hazardous chemical materials —Class 5.2 substances
(organic peroxides)
2927 The storage and handling of liquefied chlorine gas
3780 The storage and handling of corrosive substances
3961 Liquefied natural gas — Storage and handling
4081 The storage, handling and transport of liquid and liquefied polyfunctional isocyanates
4326 The storage and handling of oxidizing agents
4332 The storage and handling of gases in cylinders
The Committee does not suggest that any of the provisions of this Standard are retrospective;
however, users should check with the relevant statutory authority where this Standard has
been adopted through legislation.
Attention has been paid to the alignment of requirements with the current needs of regulatory
authorities, emergency services and environmental authorities, and cognizance has been taken
of various publications of Worksafe Australia.
Australian and New Zealand references are separated by a slash (/).
The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the
application of appendices to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of
a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is for information and guidance only.
Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be requirements
of this Standard.
Notes that appear in the main text of this Standard provide information only.
 3 AS/NZS 4452:1997

CONTENTS
Page

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6
1.5 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.6 PACKAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.7 LABELLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8 SECURITY OF STORAGE AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.9 SEPARATION AND SEGREGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE

2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14
2.2 CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION AS MINOR STORAGE . . . . . .. .. .. . 14
2.3 REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO MINOR STORAGE . . . . . . . .. .. ... 14
2.4 STORAGE ON FARMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ... 15

SECTION 3 TRANSIT STORAGE

3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2 DELINEATION OF TRANSIT STORAGE AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.3 REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSIT STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SECTION 4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF PACKAGES

4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . 17
4.2 TYPES OF PACKAGE STORES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .. . . . 17
4.3 LOCATION OF STORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . 17
4.4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGE STORES . . . . . .. .. .. . .. . 17
4.5 REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGE FILLING OPERATIONS . . . .. .. .. .. . 20

SECTION 5 STORAGE AND HANDLING IN BULK

5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.3 CONTAINER TYPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.4 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO
ALL BULK CONTAINER INSTALLATION S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE BULK CONTAIN ERS . . 24
5.6 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIXED TANK S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.7 BUNDS AND COMPOUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.8 LOCATION OF BULK CONTAIN ERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.9 FILLING OF BULK CONTAIN ERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

SECTION 6 OPERATION AL AND PERSONNEL SAFETY

6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. .. 30
6.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. . . .. .. . . . 30
6.3 CONTROL OF EXPOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. . . . .. .. 30
6.4 HOUSEKEEPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. ... .. 31
 AS/NZS 4452:1997 4

Page

6.5 EFFLUENT CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. .. .. .. . 32

6.6 CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE WORK . . . . . .. .. ... ... ..... 32
6.7 PERSONNEL TRAINING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... .. .. .. . 33
6.8 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ........... 34
6.9 FIRST AID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. ... ...... 35

SECTION 7 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .. ... . . .. .. .. .. 37
7.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . .. .... .... ... .. 37
7.3 MANIFEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. .. ... ...... 38
7.4 PLACARDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .... 38
7.5 MANAGEMENT OF LEAKS AND SPILLS . . . .. .. .. .. ... . ......... 39
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SECTION 8 FIRE PROTECTION

8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
8.2 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
8.3 FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
8.4 ACTION IN THE EVENT OF FIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

SECTION 9 WASTE STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. . . 42
9.2 STORAGE OF WASTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. . . 42
9.3 ITEMS FOR DISPOSAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. .. . . 42
9.4 PRE-DISPOSAL TREATMENT OF EMPTY CONTAINERS .. . .. .. .. .. . . 42
9.5 METHODS OF DISPOSAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . 42

APPENDICES
A HAZARDS PRESENTED BY TOXIC SUBSTANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 43
B LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 45
C EXAMPLE OF CALCULATION OF SEPARATION DISTANCE . . . . . . . .. . 48
D OPERATING PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 49
E FIRST AID RESPONSE FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 51
F BIBLIOGRAPHY OF DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES
ON THE PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY PLANS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
G INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED TO EMERGENCY SERVICES . . . . . . . 53

 Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/ STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

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Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia
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requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.
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Up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard may be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the
Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand.
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Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard
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 5 AS/NZS 4452:1997

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

Australian/New Zealand Standard

The storage and handling of toxic substances

S E C T I O N 1 S CO P E A N D G E NE R A L

1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets out requirements and recommendations for the safe storage
and handling of toxic substances that —
(a) in Australia, are classified as Class 6.1 in the ADG Code; and
(b) in New Zealand, meet the Class 6.1 classification criteria of the IMDG Code or
Schedules 1–4 of the New Zealand Toxic Substances Regulations 1983.
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The Standard also applies to other dangerous goods that are assigned a Class 6.1 subsidiary
risk by the ADG Code/IMDG Code, except where they are of Class 2, or where more
stringent requirements apply under another relevant Standard or applicable regulation.
This Standard applies in locations that are generally industrial, commercial or rural in nature,
including laboratories where the provisions of this Standard are additional to those of
AS 2243.10. Where there is conflict between the requirements of this Standard and
AS 2243.10, this Standard shall take precedence.
This Standard does not apply to —
(i) the transport on land of toxic substances, which is covered by the ADG
Code/NZS 5433; or
(ii) storage in port areas.
NOTE: Information on the hazards presented by toxic substances is provided in Appendix A.
In New Zealand any toxic substance that falls outside the UN criteria for Packing Groups shall be
treated as if it were of Packing Group III.

1.2 APPLICATION The requirements of this Standard apply in conjunction with, but do
not take precedence over, any government regulations that apply in any area.
Where the toxic substance being kept has one or more Subsidiary Risks, reference shall be
made to the Australian Standards relevant to the classes of those risks and the more stringent
requirements shall apply.
NOTE: Where no Australian Standard applies for a particular Subsidiary Risk, reference should be
made to the relevant regulatory authority.
Where polyfunctional isocyanates are kept, reference to AS 4081 shall also be made and the
more stringent requirements shall apply.
NOTES:
1 In Australia, toxic substances that are classified as dangerous goods may also be classified as
workplace hazardous substances by NOHSC:1008 and listed in NOHSC:10005. As such they will
also be subject to the legislative requirements relating to workplace hazardous substances.
Cognizance of the relevant requirements of the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs
and Poisons (SUSDP) is also necessary.
2 An installation may come under the regulatory control of several authorities having differing
areas of responsibility, and an approval from one authority does not necessarily constitute an
approval from the others.
3 Cognizance of the relevant requirements of the Building Code of Australia (BCA)/New Zealand
Building Code (NZBC) is necessary for all matters relating to building works.

COPYRIGHT
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AS/NZS 4452:1997, The storage and handling of

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