Ir.

Philip Goh, MEC Engineers

DESIGN OF PILED CAPS

To determine that the Numbers of Piles and the Working Capcity of Each Pile is Satisfactory To determine Main Rebars for Pilecaps Design Criteria (1) All loads for determination of pile nos to be based on Service Loads (2) Assume all Piles to be same size and shape (3) Assume all Piles are laidout in Symmetry about Y-Y and X-X axes (4) All Forces vis: Vertical, Horizontal, Moments are at Pile Head level (5) Horizontal Force can be resolved into Horizontal & Moment (6) All Loads will be taken by Piles * Vertical Loads taken by Vertical Component * Horizontal Loads taken by Pile Head Shear and/or Raking components * Moments is taken by Vertical Opposing Reaction Refer FIG 1 LOADINGS Assume the following Loads are all Service Loads (without load factors) Assume the Loads are Applied at Pile Heads Level Any Horizontal Force will be translated to Moment & Shear at Pile Head * Total Axial Load (SLS) * Total Horizontal Force (SLS) * Total Moment (SLS) PILE SPACINGS Assume Piles are spaced unifomly and centroid of pile group is at center (for pile group not at centroid, calc to be made to determine centroid) Assume Piles are of the same uniform size Rotation about Y-Y (Consider y=1.5m) * 2nd Moment of Area of Pile Group about Y-Y > No of Piles in the Group (assume equal size) = Distance of each Pile from Centroid of Group Pno P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 *2nd Mom Area > X 1.05 1.05 0 0 0 0 0 0 X2 1.10 <-- Outer mosts 1.10 <-- Outer mosts 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 2.20 M

Y
X X

V My Hx

P1

Refer FIG 1

V Hx My

= = =

2002.5 KN 247.5 KN 499.5 KNM

2 nos/1.5m run

(or Moment of Inertia)

Iyy

4 2.20 M

Maximum Load on Piles Max Loads on Piles will be in the Our Most Piles, Comp & Tension Assume Vertical Loads carried equally by all Piles * Axial Load on pile due to Vertical Load Only= * Pile self Load (assume 600mm RC Total Axial Load P=V/N P Wp Pt = = = 1001 KN/pile 224 KN/pile 1225 KN/pile

70cal-Rev1-2010.xls/Design of Pile Cap

Ir. Philip Goh, MEC Engineers * Axial Loads on pile due to Bending Moment Only

Pm =
Where

M * Xm Iyy
Pm= Load on Pile due to Moment M= Applied Moment on Pile Group Xm = Distance of Pile from Centroid From above, M Xm Iyy >> Pm = = = = 499.5 KNM 1.05 M
4 2.2 M

238.40 KN/ piles 1463 KN/pile 987 KN/pile

Total Piles Loads

Maximum Load = Pmax = P + Pm1 Minimum Load = Pmin = P-Pm1

Pmax = Pmin =

Pile capacity = 2 x Pile Loads (2 or 3) Factor of Safety for Pile Loads= Pile Designed Capacity = Pc = Fp Pc = = 2 2926 KN/pile

Check Shear of Piles at Ultimate Loads * Total Shear Force (ult) * shear force/pile ------------------> * Cross-Sectional Area of Piles D=600mm * shear stress/m run ---------------> REINFORCEMENTS Check Analysis based on Truss Analogy pi*0.3^2 A S H = = = 247.5 KN 123.75 KN 0.283 m2 0.437 N/mm2

T=

0.5* N * a d
Where T= Tension in the bottom bars N= Applied Ultimate Loads a = dictance from edge of Column Load to Center of Pile d = effective depth of beam or pile cap

Conside Per Metre Run N a d refer dwg Pile depth - 100-50-25/2 (assume 25mm rebars) * Pile Depth Tension in Bars = T Area of Steel = As = 1800 d T = = 1.6375 M 421.954 KN N a = = 2126 KN 0.65 M

from above equation

As =

T 0.87 * fy
As = 1054.36 mm2/m run

fy = steel yield assume 410N/mm2 As = area of stee/metre run Min steel = 0.15% Cross-sectional Area Cross-sectional area d= w= Use T20 - 150 cts As=2100mm2 1.64 M 1 m Asmin = 1637.5 mm2/m run

70cal-Rev1-2010.xls/Design of Pile Cap

Ir. Philip Goh, MEC Engineers Check design based on Bending due to Ultimate Pile Capacity Consider Pilecap width of 1.5m (as pile spacing) * Ultimate Pile Load 2 x Working Load = 2.0 x 1500KN Pu a Mu/1.5m Mu/1m * Calc Lever Arm = = = = 3000 KN/pile 0.65 M 1950 KNM (per 1.5m) 1300 KNM (per M) * Ult Moment abot face of Column/Abutment wall * Distance of Pile Center to face (from above) * Ult Mom = Mult

Z=

Mu fcu * b * d 2
= = = 30 N/mm2 1000 mm 1638 mm Z' from z' chart ---> Z = = 0.02646 0.95

fcu b from above--> d

Area of Steel

As =
fy

Mu 0.87 * fy * Z '* d
= 460 N/mm2 As = 2088.15 mm2/M run

Area of Steel/m run Use T20 - 150 cts As=2100mm2

70cal-Rev1-2010.xls/Design of Pile Cap