APAGCh.12ThePresidency 000

APAG Ch.
12 The Presidency
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency
A major difference between a president and a prime minister is that the latter always has majority support in ______________.
What is a major reason that a president chooses his cabinet?
The parliament
To reward personal followers.
Why does a president have a more difficult time getting legislation through Congress than a prime minister, even when his party has the majority of seats?
Of the 22 congressional or presidential elections between 1952 and 1996, __________produced a divided government.
The president is unable to control Congress, unlike a prime minister.
15
The text observes that the delegates to the Constitutional Convention feared __________ and ____________ about equally.
What aspect of George Washingtons personality encouraged the delegates to the Constitutional Convention to approve an elected presidency?
Monarchy and anarchy
His self-restraint
7 APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency 8
What were the major fears expressed by the Founders about aspects of the presidency? *corruption between the President and the Senate *the President using military to overpower states *the President using bribery or force to ensure his reelection
Why were the Founders afraid of a popular election for the presidency?
It would give inordinate power to larger, more populous states.
10
What did the Founders create to solve the problem of how to elect the president?
Under the original provisions of the U.S. Constitution, how were the states to choose presidential electors?
The Electoral College
Any way they wished.
11
12
Today, how does each state determine how to cast its electoral college votes?
If a presidential election is thrown in the House, one vote is cast by each __________.
Winner-takes-all system
State delegation
13
14
How is the number of electoral votes a state is allotted determined?
What happens if no presidential candidate wins a majority of electoral college votes?
By the number of congressional members it has. (Senators + Members of the House of Representatives)
The House of Representatives chooses the president from among the three leading candidates.
15
16
What group has been discouraged as a result of the political effects of the electoral colleges winner-take-all system?
How many times have presidential elections been decided in the House of Representatives?
Third party candidates
Twice
17
18
What was the pattern of early presidents regarding the terms of office and who set this pattern?
Which president began to alter the relationship between the president and Congress when it came to the nature of presidential leadership?
Two terms and leave office as done by George Washington.
Andrew Jackson
19
20
Prior to the 1850s, which president used the most vetos?
Which branch of federal government was dominant during the era of 1836 through 1932?
Andrew Jackson
Congress
21
22
What did Lincoln use as justification for his use of the vague powers granted in Article II of the U.S. Constitution?
What two things did Jackson and Lincoln show that could be used to increase the power of the presidency?
Conditions created by civil war
Emergency conditions and a strong-willed personality.
23
24
When a powerful presidency has been institutionalized, that means that its power is no longer dependent on ____________.
Where does the greatest source of presidential power lie?
Personality
In the realm of politics and public opinion.
25
26
What power did Grover Cleveland invoke to use federal troops to break a labor strike?
What kind of presidency would exist if the presidents were to only use the specific powers of Article II of the U.S. Constitution?
To take care that the laws be faithfully executed.
Primarily an administrator.
27
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency What are three powers that only the president is constitutionally entitled to exercise? *to receive ambassadors *to serve as military commander-in-chief *to convene Congress in special session
28
What is one of the powers the president shares with the Senate?
Making treaties
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30
Who has to confirm presidential nominations of the heads of Executive Office agencies, the heads of cabinet departments, and federal judges?
The principal function of the __________ is to oversee the political and policy interests of the president.
The Senate
White House Office
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency Who rules the power according to the rule of propinquity?
31
32
Which group is closest both physically and politically to the president?
The people who are in the room where a decision is made.
The White House Office.
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency Prior to the 1930s, who initiated legislation, the president or Congress?
33
34
What is the most important agency in the Executive Office of the President in terms of providing administrative assistance?
Congress
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
35
36
The method of staff organization that poses the risk of isolating or misinforming the president is called _____.
What are the three methods by which a president can organize his personal staff?
Pyramid
Pyramid, circular, and ad hoc.
37
38
What does the seating order at cabinet meetings most accurately reflect?
Why does the president have relatively little power over his cabinet departments?
The age of the department.
He can only appoint a fraction of their employees. Also, the secretaries defend, explain, and enlarge their own agencies.
39
40
The presidential character of _______ was characterized by careful and complete staff work.
The presidential character of _________ was characterized by persuasion in face-to-face encounters.
Dwight Eisenhower
Lyndon Johnson & Bill Clinton
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency The presidential character of _________ was characterized by the use of talented amateurs.
41
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency The presidential character of _________ was characterized by deep suspicion of the media.
42
John F. Kennedy
Richard Nixon
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44
The presidential character of _________ was characterized by voracious reading on very detailed matters.
The presidential character of ________ was characterized by giving wide latitude to subordinates.
Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan
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46
The presidential character of ___________ was characterized by hands-on management and personal contact.
What do presidents need to rely on because of their sketchy constitutional powers and lack of ensured legislative majorities?
George Bush, Sr.
Powers of persuasion
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency 47
48
Why do member of Congress pay attention to the personal popularity of a president?
From the time of winning office to the time of leaving it, how has the popularity of most recent presidents changed?
Because politicians tend to rise and fall together.
Popularity for most has decreased except at election time.
49
50
What determines how Congress treats the legislative proposals of a president?
What percentage of presidential vetoes have been overridden by Congress since 1789?
His personal popularity with the people.
4%
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52
Besides the separation of powers, what other reason is given by presidents in claiming executive privilege?
The Supreme Court case _________ stated that there is no unqualified presidential privilege of immunity from the judicial process.
The need for candid advice from aides. United States v. Nixon
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency What was the goal of United States v. Nixon?
53
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency What does the U.S. Constitution say about a presidents right to impound funds?
54
To get Nixon to hand over the disputed White House tapes.
Nothing
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency What has severely limited the presidential impoundment of funds in recent years?
55
56
What are the four major constraints on a presidents ability to plan and develop a program? Unexpected crises. Limit of his time and attention span. The risk of adverse reaction to the program. Inflexibility of most federal programs.
The Budget Reform Act of 1974
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency The typical workweek for a president numbers approximately ____ hours.
57
58
How have presidents dealt with the major constraint on their ability to plan and develop programs?
90
By sticking to a few key programs.
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60
In recent decades, what are the two key issues that presidents have focused on in planning a developing new programs?
What has almost every president since Hoover tried to accomplish?
The economy and foreign affairs.
To reorganize the executive branch.
61
62
What is required from the Congress for the President to reorganize the White House staff?
What did the Supreme Court rule in 1983 about the legislative veto?
Nothing
It is unconstitutional.
63
64
How many presidents have served more than two terms?
What prevents a president from serving more that two terms?
One-FDR
Amendment 22 of the U.S. Constitution
65
66
How many U.S. Presidents have been assassinated while in office?
What happens to the incumbent president at reelection when the country is deeply divided?
Four
He loses reelection.
67 APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency 68
What is the best chance for a Vice-President to become President?
What is the Constitutional duty of the Vice-President?
For the President to die in office. Few win election on their own.
To preside over the Senate.
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70
Who succeeds the presidency if both the president and vice-president die?
What Amendment gave a vice-president the power to assume the presidency if the seating president becomes disabled? 25th Amendment
The Speaker of the House.
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72
If the President suffers a stroke, how is the decision made for the Vice-President to take over?
If the Vice-President has to assume the presidency, who chooses the new Vice-President?
The Vice-Pres. and cabinet must agree for the VP to assume power. If they cant, two-thirds vote of Congress will give the VP the power.
The new President selects his VP subject to approval by Congress.
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74
The objects of impeachment have most frequently been ________.
Who makes the decision to impeach the President?
Federal judges
The House of Representatives
75
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency When is there true unified government?
76
________ decides whether to remove the president from office following an impeachment trial.
The Senate
When the same ideological wing of the same party is in control of both branches of government.
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78
The Framers thought that most presidential elections would be decided in the _________.
What is the best strategy for capturing the vote of the electoral college is to win the ________.
House
10 largest states
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80
The __________ Amendment set a limit of two terms on the presidency.
Who was the first president to maximize the powers of the presidency?
22
Andrew Jackson
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82
The greatest source of presidential power is found in _________ and _________.
The ________ method of organizing the White House staff has the virtue of giving the president a great deal of information.
Politics and public opinion
Circular
83
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency The _________veto come into play only when Congress has adjourned.
84
What does the president have access to that helps him reward friends and political supporters?
An abundance of political appointments in governmental jobs.
Pocket
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency 85
86
What is the only Constitutional duty that the VicePresident have?
Under the _________ Amendment, a vice-president becomes acting president if a president in office is disabled.
To preside over the Senate and vote in case of a tie. 25th
APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency Who can be impeached? 87 What was one of the effects of the Clinton impeachment?
88
Both elected and civil officers.
The death of the law creating the Office of Independent Counsel.

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APAG Ch.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

What is a major reason that a president chooses his cabinet?

To reward personal followers.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

The president is unable to control Congress, unlike a prime minister.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Monarchy and anarchy

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

7 APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency 8

It would give inordinate power to larger, more populous states.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

The Electoral College

Any way they wished.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

How is the number of electoral votes a state is allotted determined?

What happens if no presidential candidate wins a majority of electoral college votes?

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Third party candidates

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Two terms and leave office as done by George Washington.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Prior to the 1850s, which president used the most vetos?

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Conditions created by civil war

Emergency conditions and a strong-willed personality.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Where does the greatest source of presidential power lie?

In the realm of politics and public opinion.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

To take care that the laws be faithfully executed.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

White House Office

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Which group is closest both physically and politically to the president?

The people who are in the room where a decision is made.

The White House Office.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

Pyramid, circular, and ad hoc.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

The age of the department.

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

APAG Ch. 12 The Presidency

The presidential character of _________ was characterized by persuasion in face-to-face encounters.

The greatest source of presidential power is found in _ and _.