1)Appeal To Vanity The Appeal to Vanity is a logical fallacy that consists of, well, Exactly What It Says on the

Tin: appealing to the vanity, pride, or self-esteem of the person being spoken to, in order to get them to do something, buy something, or give something up. It's widely used in advertising, most often by products perceived or presented as "elite" or "high end", but also by cutting edge technology, where implications that owning the product will act as an indicator of one's status in the social order are used. An integral part of Up Marketing. However, it's not limited only to advertising. The Appeal to Vanity is an integral part of the Yes Man's and Lickspittle's tool box and it's a common trope in folk tales, where a person is persuaded to do something against their best interests by another character who flatters them. In fact, it's Older Than Feudalism, with one of the earliest known examples, "The Fable of The Fox and The Crow", existing in its current form at least as far back as the 1st Century CE. It might even be Older than Dirt, since a vase illustrated with what appears to be the story was found in an archaeological dig in India of a civilization that dates to around 2400 BCE

2)Bandwagon: Bandwagon is one of the most common techniques in both wartime and peacetime and plays an important part in modern advertising. Bandwagon is also one of the seven main propaganda techniques identified by the Institute for Propaganda Analysis in 1938. Bandwagon is an appeal to the subject to follow the crowd, to join in because others are doing so as well. Bandwagon propaganda is, essentially, trying to convince the subject that one side is the winning side, because more people have joined it. The subject is meant to believe that since so many people have joined, that victory is inevitable and defeat impossible. Since the average person always wants to be on the winning side, he or she is compelled to join in. However, in modern propaganda, bandwagon has taken a new twist. The subject is to be convinced by the propaganda that since everyone else is doing it, they will be left out if they do not. This is, effectively, the opposite of the other type of bandwagon, but usually provokes the same results. Subjects of bandwagon are compelled to join in because everyone else is doing so as well. When confronted with bandwagon propaganda, we should weigh the pros and cons of joining in independently from the amount of people who have already joined, and, as with most types of propaganda, we should seek more information. Bandwagon: This advertising appeal aims to persuade people to do a certain thing because many are doing it. It is a human tendency to do as the masses do. Bandwagon technique of advertising captures this to induce people to use a certain product or service. 8 out of every 10 women prefer using the xyz shampoo! or More than 80% of the denstists of our country are using the xyz toothpaste. Which toothpaste do you use? or The world agrees with abc... Do you? are some popular ways to tricking people to join the bandwagon. This advertising appeal makes use of statistics and surveys

to back the statements made. The idea is to stress that something is being used by millions and hence you should also be using it. 3)Testimonials: Testimonials are another of the seven main forms of propaganda identified by the Institute for Propaganda Analysis. Testimonials are quotations or endorsements, in or out of context, which attempt to connect a famous or respectable person with a product or item. Testimonials are very closely connected to the transfer technique, in that an attempt is made to connect an agreeable person to another item. Testimonials are often used in advertising and political campaigns. When coming across testimonials, the subject should consider the merits of the item or proposal independently of the person of organization giving the testimonial. testimonial: People relate to their favorite personalities from the glamor industry. They are ready to follow what people from the glamor world do. They want to be like the celebrity they are fans of. Testimonials make use of this human tendency. Celebrities are used as ambassadors. They are shown using the product and recommending its use. People fall for these products just because they see someone famous endorsing them. 4)Transfer: Transfer is another of the seven main propaganda terms first used by the Institute for Propaganda Analysis in 1938. Transfer is often used in politics and during wartime. It is an attempt to make the subject view a certain item in the same way as they view another item, to link the two in the subjects mind. Although this technique is often used to transfer negative feelings for one object to another, it can also be used in positive ways. By linking an item to something the subject respects or enjoys, positive feelings can be generated for it. However, in politics, transfer is most often used to transfer blame or bad feelings from one politician to another of his friends or party members, or even to the party itself. When confronted with propaganda using the transfer technique, we should question the merits or problems of the proposal or idea independently of convictions about other objects or proposals. Transfer: This advertising appeal is implemented in two ways. In positive transfer, a product is made to associate with a respectable and popular person. However, in case of negative transfer, advertisers state an analogy between a product and a disliked or notorious person. For example, saying something like "Even the President uses this" is positive transfer. Using a certain corrupt politician's name in saying that he uses a certain product is an example of negative transfer. 5)Parody or Borrowed ~

The 12th and final format is the "parody or borrowed format." This is a popular approach these days, perhaps because pop-culture references have become our common language. Recent ads have parodied movies, TV showsand even other ads. At its worst, a parody is a lazy way to gin up some tepid humor. Done well, however, a parody can be both memorable and hilarious. My favorite parody ad (and another of my favorite ads of all time) is Geico's "Tiny House." This spot plays on the endless proliferation of reality TV shows, and the parody is so perfectly executed that it actually might fool than once. Any of these symbols or analogies may you more extend an exaggerated element in demonstrating a benefit of the product. A Starbucks spot from a few years ago used the '80s band Survivor to symbolize the invigorating effects of a double-shot espresso drink. In the spot's formulation, sipping the espresso makes you feel like the band is trailing you around all day, shouting out your name to the adrenalinepumping chords of "Eye of the Tiger." The promised benefit of Metamucil is, of course, digestive regularity. In the rather cringemaking ad shown here, the geyser "Old Faithful" becomes a symbol of that benefit.