GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS FOR SUBMISSION TO "SEC-2012"

SUBMISSION The manuscripts should be prepared in such a way that they are directly ready for cameraready reproduction. No mats for this purpose will be provided. Please follow the instructions to ensure the uniformity in appearance of the papers in the Convention Proceedings. The entire manuscript should be prepared by the authors- using MS Office XP version or higher in portrait form as per the instructions given below. LAYOUTS Please try to match the type size and typefaces on the example paper. JUSTIFY text throughout. LENGTH Each manuscript of the paper is limited to SIX (06) pages. It is advised not to exceed this limit. This limit of pages includes photos, figures, tables, appendices, annexure, references etc., which should be positioned together. MANUSCRIPT The print area should be i) 15 cm x 12 cm for first page and ii) 18 cm x 12 cm for subsequent pages (Please see the sample text enclosed). All the text and artwork (incl. Figure captions) should fall within this area. Do not leave any unnecessary space. The margins of "page setup" for A4 size in MS Word to be used is given below: For the first page For subsequent pages Top 8.7 cm Top 5.7 cm. Bottom 5.5 cm. Bottom 5.5 cm. Left 4.5 cm. Left 4.5 cm. Right 4.5 cm. Right 4.5 cm. Gutter, Header, Footer = 0.0 cm TYPING

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1) Title Type the exact title of the paper in Title Case with 14-Point Bold type face. The title should be centered. 2a) Author's name Type the author's name(s) (in order of first, middle and last name) with 11 point bold type face. For author(s) from a different institution, start _ new list. Do not use titles (Prof., Ph.D., Mr., etc.) Names of author(s) should be centred. 2b) Designation If authors wish to give designation/s, they can do so by choosing the foot note option. Please note that footer option should not be used. Type the designation with 10 point regular type face. 3) Affilation The affiliation of author(s) including organization, city, country and e-mail address should be given below the names of authors. Please use 10 point italic type face for the affiliation(s). The affiliation(s) should be centred as per the sample enclosed.

4) Heading MAIN HEADING Main heading of sections of the text should be in BOLD UPPER CASE and have one line space above and below it. Secondary Heading A secondary heading should be in Bold Title Case and should have one line of space with text above but no space with text below. 5) Tables and figures All the tables and figures referred in the text of the paper should be placed at the appropriate positions of the text. Tables and figures should be numbered separately. Place table title above the table and figure caption below the figure. Allow one line of space between the table and its title and between the figure and its caption. If Table/Figure does not fit into the width of the print area, one may use the landscape form for this section alone (Use the "Section Break" option). Allow one line of space between the table or figure and the adjacent text. Glossy photographs that form part of the figures, must be scanned using high-resolution scanner. However, for better quality reproduction, glossy photographs should also be submitted along with the hard copy of the manuscripts. Figure number and title of the figure written in soft pencil on the reverse of each accompanying photograph. Figures and tables not referred in the text should not be included.

7) Equations All equations must be set or clearly typed and consecutively numbered. Displayed equations should be numbered simply as (1), (2), (3) and so on. The numbers should appear at the extreme right of the line in parentheses. Refer to equations in the text as Eq. (1), Eq. (2). All equations should be centred and have one line space between the equation and text material. Whenever more than one equation is required to be stated consecutively in the text, they may be separated by two blank line spaces. 8) References References are to be listed at the end of the paper in the order of citation in the text and referred in the text by the last name of the first author and the year of publication as (Wilson, 1985). Style the reference list according to sample text enclosed. Abbreviate journal titles according to standard norms. Only those references cited in the text should be listed in the references. 9) Page Numbering Authors are advised not to number the page. Numbering will be given at the time of printing/publishing the proceedings volume as per the order in which the accepted papers are collated in their respective themes.

FIRST PAGE - PAGE SETUP

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Influence ofShear Strengthing of Beam-Column Joints Mass Representation Schemes on Vibration Characteristics of Structures
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Authorl+, Author2++ and Author3+++

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Department of Applied Mechanics, S V National Institue of Technology, Ichchhanath, Surat-395007, India authl, auth2 & auth3 @svnit.ac.in

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Abstract

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Errors in natural frequencies and mode shapes contribute significantly to errors in dynamic response analysis based on frequency domain approach. The investigations conducted in the present study are aimed at understanding the influence of the mass lumping and its distribution on the accuracy of the results of the vibration/dynamic analysis. Those errors that significantly influence the quality of solution are identified and discussed. Different schemes that are employed to represent mass in free vibration and dynamic analysis of structures by using FEM are described. A number of numerical studies have been conducted on beams, plates and structural members in plane stress state to investigate the performance of different mass representation schemes. Based on the results obtained in these studies important observations have been made and these observations have been used in proposing an a I posteriori error estimator for vibration/dyn_mic analysis of structures.

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INTRODUCTION

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Finite element modelling for dynamic analysis of large and complex structures such as ship hulls, offshore structures, aerospace structures etc., results in large number of elements and nodes. Proper representation of mass and inertia properties in finite element analysis is essential for accuracy and reliability of results. For example, mass is represented in more than one manner. Consistent mass matrix formulation is a wellestablished way of representing element mass properties. Such matrices have non-zero off diagonal terms and are sparsely populated with full bandwidth in most cases. Dynamic analysis involving large number of dynamic degrees-of-freedom

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+ Professor, ++Assistant Professor, +++Director

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(DOF) using consistent mass formulation will require higher computational effort. Alternately, using diagonal lumped mass formulations not only simplifies the I program coding but also reduces the computational effort significantly.

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LITERATURE REVIEW

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The objective of this review is to identify errors involved during the solution process of free vibration and dynamic analysis. No attempt is made here to describe the various methodologies available for conducting free vibration and dynamic analysis.

Equation of Motion Secondary Heading, Title Case, Bold The governing differential dynamic equilibrium equation (Archer, 1963) for a

structure subjected to dynamic forces F in matrix form is

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M + C x + K x = Ft x

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(1)

where M is the mass matrix, C is the damping matrix and K is the structure stiffness matrix. , x and x are x the generalized acceleration, velocity and displacement vectors respectively.
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Finite Element Analysis In the element analysis the overall matrices for the structure are formed by assembling the relevant element matrices. The stiffness matrix of an element depends on the type of element used to idealize the structure. The damping matrix is usually formed by taking suitable contributions of mass and stiffness (Hurty and Rubinstein, 1967), for example, C = M +K where and are to be determined from two given damping ratios that correspond to two different frequencies of vibration of interest. It is well known from the literature (Clough, 1971) that different methodologies exist to formulate element mass matrices. The familiar and preferred approach is to represent mass either in "consistent" form or in "lumped" form. The consistent mass matrix is constructed using the interpolation function used to describe the displacement field and is thus consistent with that of the stiffness matrix. The element mass matrix formulated in this manner results generally in populated form. Different schemes that are employed to represent mass in free vibration and dynamic analysis of structures by using FEM are described. Eigenvalue analysis is used to obtain the dynamic characteristics of a system in terms of its natural frequencies (eigenvalues) and associated free vibration modes (eigenvectors or eigenmodes). More details on representation of mass are provided later in the paper.
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REFERENCES
Single Line Space Journal Paper Archer, J.S. (1963),"Consistent mass matrix for distributed mass systems", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 89, 161-178. Book Hurty and Rubinstein, (1967), Dynamics of Structures, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. Clough, R. W. (1971), "Analysis of structural vibration and response", Recent Advances in Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis and Design, R. H. Gallagher et al. (Eds.), Alabama Proceedings Press, pp. 441-482. Table number & Title, Bold, Title case, 10 point. centered