Question 1

1. In regard to specificity vs. distributed coding, most researchers conclude

a. basic taste qualities are determined by distributed coding, and specificity coding is important for discriminating subtle differences. b. distributed coding has the most research support. c. specificity coding has the most research support. d. basic taste qualities are determined by specificity coding, and distributed coding is important for discriminating subtle differences.
3.5 points

Question 2

1. The human sensitivity for the odorant found in natural gas is ____ the odorant for the main substance in nail polish remover. Answer a. less than b. the same as c. not consistently different d. greater than
3.5 points

Question 3

1. BobbyDale is asked to use haptic perception to identify a soccer ball. She will most likely use the exploratory procedure(s) of ____ to identify the soccer ball's exact shape. Answer a. enclosure and contour following b. passive motion and lateral motion c. pressure only

d. lateral motion and pressure

3.5 points

Question 4

1. The axons of the olfactory sensory neurons project to the ____ in the brain. Answer a. superior olivary nucleus b. glomeruli in the olfactory bulb c. lateral geniculate nucleus d. occipital lobe
3.5 points

Question 5

1. Difference in the pleasantness ratings of odors Answer a. have been related to different activity in the orbitofrontal cortex. b. have been related to different activity in the medulla. c. have been related to different activity in the 2DG. d. do not result in different brain activity.
3.5 points

Question 6

1. The research by Rivera-Gaxiola on the effect of Spanish speech sounds on the electrical potentials of American infants shows that speech perception involves Answer a. multimodal stimulation. b. the genetic basis to speech perception. c. experience-dependent plasticity.

d. the genetic basis for speech production.

3.5 points

Question 7

1. Humans perceive the sound of the /b/ sound to be the same, when the coarticulation of the sound can be different. This is an example of Answer a. perceptual constancy. b. the law of synchrony. c. the segmentation problem. d. phonemic transitions.
3.5 points

Question 8

1. Octanoic acid and octanol differ in molecular structure by one oxygen molecule. When smelling these substances, Answer a. participants report that the two substances both smell "musky." b. the recognition profiles for the two substances are very different. c. octanoic acid, but not octanol, was classified as a "pheromone" for sexual attraction. d. participants report that the two substances both smell "sweet."
3.5 points

Question 9

1. Mika touches a high-curvature stimulus and a lower-curvature stimulus with her fingertip. Which of the following best describes the firing of the mechanoreceptor fibers? Answer

a. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less in both cases, but the pattern of firing is different for the two stimuli. b. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less in both cases, and the pattern of firing is the same in both cases. c. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less for the lower-curvature stimulus, but there is no difference in firing for the high-curvature stimulus. d. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less for the high-curvature stimulus, but there is no difference in firing for the lower-curvature stimulus.
3.5 points

Question 10

1. Uchida's optical imaging research showed that larger carbon chains activate areas on the olfactory bulb that are Answer a. more centrally located. b. randomly distributed across the glomeruli. c. located more to the left. d. located more to the right.
3.5 points

Question 11

1. Jessica looks at Ashlee on a videotape. Ashlee's lips are making the movement for the sound /ga-ga/, but the sound that is actually presented is the acoustic signal for /ba-ba/. What sound is Jessica most likely to report hearing? Answer a. /da-da/ b. /pa-pa-joe/ c. /ba-ba/ d. /ga-ga/

3.5 points

Question 12

1. The receptive fields of cortical S1 neurons are Answer a. larger for the fingers than for the forearm. b. the same size for the fingers as for the hand. c. larger for the fingers than for the hand. d. smaller for the fingers than the forearm.
3.5 points

Question 13

1. By rubbing armpit sweat from "donor women" on the upper lips of women, McClintock supported hypothesis that olfaction is important in explaining Answer a. menstrual synchrony. b. neurogenesis. c. microsmatic retrieval. d. chemesthesis.
3.5 points

Question 14

1. Link et al. (2003) studied the perceived meaning of listeners' to the phrase "Let's do lunch sometime," based on the speaker's inflection and emotional state. These are examples of Answer a. lip reading effects. b. speech shadowing techniques. c. indexical characteristics.

d. segmentation effects.
3.5 points

Question 15

1. Neuropathic pain : ____ :: Inflammatory pain: ____. Answer a. carpal tunnel syndrome; tumor cells b. carpal tunnel syndrome; chemical burns c. tumor cells; C-cells d. tumor cells; carpal tunnel syndrome
3.5 points

Question 16

1. The McGurk effect illustrates the importance of ____ on speech perception. Answer a. articulators b. cutaneous senses c. vision d. kinesthesia
3.5 points

Question 17

1. Odorants can contact the olfactory receptors by Answer a. flowing directly in the stream of inhaled air. b. attaching to olfactory binding proteins. c. both in inhaled air flow and attaching to binding proteins.

d. none of these; odorants do not contact the ORs.

3.5 points

Question 18

1. The density of the ____ on the fingertips than on the palms. Answer a. Merkel receptors is lower b. Merkel receptors is higher c. Pacinian corpuscles is lower d. Krausse end bulbs is higher
3.5 points

Question 19

1. The consonant sound "____" is produced by placing your bottom lip against your upper front teeth and then pushing the air between the lips and the teeth. Answer a. a b. e c. f d. r
3.5 points

Question 20

1. Which of the following does the human sensory homunculus most resemble? Answer a. an umbrella b. Queen Elizabeth c. Mick Jagger

d. a club sandwich
3.5 points

Question 21

1. The phenomenon of "phantom limb" is difficult to explain using the ____ of pain. Answer a. neither; both gate control and direct pathway models can explain phantom limb. b. gate control model. c. both gate control and direct pathway models. d. direct pathway model.
3.5 points

Question 22

1. The existence of phonetic boundaries Answer a. only occurs at VOTs of greater than 250 ms. b. shows that categorical perception does not occur in speech perception. c. has been demonstrated using discrimination experiments. d. is currently debated by speech perception researchers.

Question 1

1. In regard to specificity vs. distributed coding, most researchers conclude Answer

a. basic taste qualities are determined by distributed coding, and specificity coding is important for discriminating subtle differences. b. distributed coding has the most research support. c. specificity coding has the most research support. d. basic taste qualities are determined by specificity coding, and distributed coding is important for discriminating subtle differences.
3.5 points

Question 2

1. The human sensitivity for the odorant found in natural gas is ____ the odorant for the main substance in nail polish remover. Answer a. less than b. the same as c. not consistently different d. greater than
3.5 points

Question 3

1. BobbyDale is asked to use haptic perception to identify a soccer ball. She will most likely use the exploratory procedure(s) of ____ to identify the soccer ball's exact shape. Answer a. enclosure and contour following b. passive motion and lateral motion c. pressure only

d. lateral motion and pressure

3.5 points

Question 4

1. The axons of the olfactory sensory neurons project to the ____ in the brain. Answer a. superior olivary nucleus b. glomeruli in the olfactory bulb c. lateral geniculate nucleus d. occipital lobe
3.5 points

Question 5

1. Difference in the pleasantness ratings of odors Answer a. have been related to different activity in the orbitofrontal cortex. b. have been related to different activity in the medulla. c. have been related to different activity in the 2DG. d. do not result in different brain activity.
3.5 points

Question 6

1. The research by Rivera-Gaxiola on the effect of Spanish speech sounds on the electrical potentials of American infants shows that speech perception involves Answer

a. multimodal stimulation. b. the genetic basis to speech perception. c. experience-dependent plasticity. d. the genetic basis for speech production.
3.5 points

Question 7

1. Humans perceive the sound of the /b/ sound to be the same, when the coarticulation of the sound can be different. This is an example of Answer a. perceptual constancy. b. the law of synchrony. c. the segmentation problem. d. phonemic transitions.
3.5 points

Question 8

1. Octanoic acid and octanol differ in molecular structure by one oxygen molecule. When smelling these substances, Answer a. participants report that the two substances both smell "musky." b. the recognition profiles for the two substances are very different. c. octanoic acid, but not octanol, was classified as a "pheromone" for sexual attraction. d. participants report that the two substances both smell "sweet."
3.5 points

Question 9

1. Mika touches a high-curvature stimulus and a lowercurvature stimulus with her fingertip. Which of the following best describes the firing of the mechanoreceptor fibers? Answer a. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less in both cases, but the pattern of firing is different for the two stimuli. b. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less in both cases, and the pattern of firing is the same in both cases. c. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less for the lower-curvature stimulus, but there is no difference in firing for the high-curvature stimulus. d. The receptors right at the point of contact respond the most, and the ones further away fire less for the high-curvature stimulus, but there is no difference in firing for the lower-curvature stimulus.
3.5 points

Question 10

1. Uchida's optical imaging research showed that larger carbon chains activate areas on the olfactory bulb that are Answer a. more centrally located. b. randomly distributed across the glomeruli. c. located more to the left. d. located more to the right.
3.5 points

Question 11

1. Jessica looks at Ashlee on a videotape. Ashlee's lips are making the movement for the sound /ga-ga/, but the sound that is actually presented is the acoustic signal for /ba-ba/. What sound is Jessica most likely to report hearing? Answer a. /da-da/ b. /pa-pa-joe/ c. /ba-ba/ d. /ga-ga/
3.5 points

Question 12

1. The receptive fields of cortical S1 neurons are Answer a. larger for the fingers than for the forearm. b. the same size for the fingers as for the hand. c. larger for the fingers than for the hand. d. smaller for the fingers than the forearm.
3.5 points

Question 13

1. By rubbing armpit sweat from "donor women" on the upper lips of women, McClintock supported hypothesis that olfaction is important in explaining Answer a. menstrual synchrony. b. neurogenesis.

c. microsmatic retrieval. d. chemesthesis.

3.5 points

Question 14

1. Link et al. (2003) studied the perceived meaning of listeners' to the phrase "Let's do lunch sometime," based on the speaker's inflection and emotional state. These are examples of Answer a. lip reading effects. b. speech shadowing techniques. c. indexical characteristics. d. segmentation effects.
3.5 points

Question 15

1. Neuropathic pain : ____ :: Inflammatory pain: ____. Answer a. carpal tunnel syndrome; tumor cells b. carpal tunnel syndrome; chemical burns c. tumor cells; C-cells d. tumor cells; carpal tunnel syndrome
3.5 points

Question 16

1. The McGurk effect illustrates the importance of ____ on speech perception. Answer

a. articulators b. cutaneous senses c. vision d. kinesthesia

3.5 points

Question 17

1. Odorants can contact the olfactory receptors by Answer a. flowing directly in the stream of inhaled air. b. attaching to olfactory binding proteins. c. both in inhaled air flow and attaching to binding proteins. d. none of these; odorants do not contact the ORs.
3.5 points

Question 18

1. The density of the ____ on the fingertips than on the palms. Answer a. Merkel receptors is lower b. Merkel receptors is higher c. Pacinian corpuscles is lower d. Krausse end bulbs is higher
3.5 points

Question 19

1. The consonant sound "____" is produced by placing your bottom lip against your upper front teeth and then

pushing the air between the lips and the teeth. Answer a. a b. e c. f d. r
3.5 points

Question 20

1. Which of the following does the human sensory homunculus most resemble? Answer a. an umbrella b. Queen Elizabeth c. Mick Jagger d. a club sandwich
3.5 points

Question 21

1. The phenomenon of "phantom limb" is difficult to explain using the ____ of pain. Answer a. neither; both gate control and direct pathway models can explain phantom limb. b. gate control model. c. both gate control and direct pathway models. d. direct pathway model.
3.5 points

Question 22

1. The existence of phonetic boundaries Answer a. only occurs at VOTs of greater than 250 ms. b. shows that categorical perception does not occur in speech perception. c. has been demonstrated using discrimination experiments. d. is currently debated by speech perception researchers.
3.5 points

Question 23

1. Top-down processing can help Answer a. segment acoustic signals. b. recognize phonemes. c. recognize words. d. all of these.
3.5 points

Question 24

1. The duplex theory of texture perception refers to the importance of Answer a. temporal cues and spatial cues. b. spatial cues and auditory cues. c. temporal cues and olfactory cues. d. temporal cues and parietal cues.

3.5 points

Question 25

1. Sodium nitrate results in a taste of Answer a. sour. b. a combination of salty, sour, and bitter. c. sweet and sour. d. sweet.
3.5 points

Question 26

1. Pokorny reduced the perceived pain for a burn victim by Answer a. presenting a virtual-reality "game" that involved chasing a spider and grinding the spider in a garbage disposal. b. showing photographs of other burn victims. c. discussing the placebo effect with the burn victim. d. microstimulating the nocioreceptors in the forearm.
3.5 points

Question 27

1. The senses of ____ are referred to as the gatekeepers. Answer a. kinethesis and proprioception b. vision and olfaction

c. vision and proprioception d. olfaction and gustation

3.5 points

Question 28

1. The substance amiloride Answer a. increases the flow of sucrose to taste receptors. b. blocks the flow of sucrose to taste receptors. c. increases the response of neurons that respond best to salt. d. blocks the flow of sodium to taste receptors.
3.5 points

Question 29

1. Japanese children at the age of ____ can tell the difference between the /r/ sound and the /l/ sound just as well as American children. Answer a. 5 years old b. 1 year old c. 2 years old d. 6 months old
3.5 points

Question 30

1. Computer speech recognition is Answer

a. equal in all respects to human speech recognition. b. better than human speech recognition in all conditions. c. better than human speech recognition in accuracy. d. worse than human speech recognition.
3.5 points

Question 31

1. The somatosensory system Answer a. is not important for motivating sexual activity. b. is comprised of cutaneous sensations, proprioception, and kinesthesis. c. is the same as the cutaneous sensory system. d. is not activated when reading Braille.
3.5 points

Question 32

1. "Across-fiber patterns" is another name for Answer a. specificity coding. b. distributed coding. c. common coding. d. olfactory decoding.
3.5 points

Question 33

1. Which of the following is NOT a mechanoreceptor?

Answer a. Chancellor cells b. Merkel receptors c. Ruffini cylinders d. Pacinian corpuscle

3.5 points

Question 34

1. Penfield mapped locations of body parts on area S1 by Answer a. using fMRIs in humans. b. stimulating S1 areas in humans, and asking them where they felt body sensations. c. using somatosensory-evoked potentials in monkeys. d. lesioning S1 areas in the monkey.
3.5 points

Question 35

1. In most of our daily experience of touch, we are using Answer a. passive touch. b. two-hand touch. c. two-point touch. d. active touch.
3.5 points

Question 36

1.

Olfactory signals from the thalamus project to Answer a. the parietal cortex. b. the insula, the frontal operculum cortex, and the OFC. c. only the NST. d. only the OFC.
3.5 points

Question 37

1. The ____ pathway conducts signals from the front and sides of the tongue to the brain. Answer a. chorda tympani b. vagus nerve c. glossopharyngeal nerve d. insula nerve
3.5 points

Question 38

1. Which of the following stimuli have been used to test tactile acuity? Answer a. Letters, gratings, and two-point stimuli have all been used. b. two-point stimuli c. letters d. gratings
3.5 points

Question 39

1. The ____ is the shortest segment of speech that, if changed, changes the meaning of the word. Answer a. morphemes b. phonemes c. formants d. tadomas
3.5 points

Question 40

1. Palmeri et al. had participants listen to a word list that was spoken by (1) the same speaker, or (2) different speakers. In a subsequent recognition memory test, participants were Answer a. more accurate when different speakers said the words. b. the same in accuracy in both conditions. c. more accurate when one speaker said all of the words. d. faster in responding when different speakers said the words.
3.5 points

Question 41

1. When you try to identify a three-dimensional object by touch alone, and are allowed to have control over your hand and finger movements, you are using Answer a. magnification touch.

b. haptic perception. c. azimuth perception. d. passive touch.

3.5 points

Question 42

1. Saffron et al. (1996) found that 8-month-old infants listened to ____ test stimuli longer, providing evidence that infants are capable of ____ learning. Answer a. whole word; formal operational b. part word; transitional probability c. whole word; vicarious d. part word; statistical
3.5 points

Question 43

1. Miller and Isard presented listeners with grammatical sentences ("Gadgets simplify work around the house"); ungrammatical word strings ("Between gadgets highways passengers the steal"), and anomalous sentences ("Gadgets kill passengers from the eyes"). The results showed that the listener's ability to accurately report the phrase was Answer a. the same for grammatical and anomalous, which were both better than ungrammatical. b. the same for all three conditions. c. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by anomalous, and then ungrammatical. d. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by ungrammatical, and then anomalous.
3.5 points

Question 44

1. A person with Wernicke's aphasia Answer a. has damage to an area of the occipital cortex. b. can easily isolate phonemes, but have trouble with word segmentation. c. produces fluent speech, but in nonsensical "word salads." d. can comprehend words, but can't produce speech.
3.5 points

Question 45

1. If a listener is asked to pay attention to speech provided by familiar voices, the ____ is activated, as shown by fMRI studies. Answer a. FFA b. STS c. both the FFA and STS d. none of these
3.5 points

Question 46

1. The area on S1 associated with the thumb is as large as the area for the forearm. This is an example of Answer a. sensory substitution. b. Braille projection.

c. the analgesic inversion principle. d. cortical magnification.

3.5 points

Question 47

1. An onion smell is presented to a participant, and is told that it is "body odor" or it is "pizza." The participant will perceive the odor Answer a. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza," but only if the "body odor" is from the opposite sex. b. more favorably if it is labeled "pizza" than "body odor." c. in the same way; labeling does not affect odor perception. d. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza," no matter which sex the "body odor" is from.
3.5 points

Question 48

1. The nerve fibers in the spinal cord go in Answer a. the spinothalamic pathway only. b. the geniculostriate pathway only. c. both the medial lemniscal pathway and the spinothalamic pathway. d. the medial lemniscal pathway only.
3.5 points

Question 49

1.

A fifth basic taste is Answer a. has been described as "putrid". b. called umami. c. has not yet been identified. d. has been described as "bittersweet".
3.5 points

Question 50

1.
Warren showed that when a cough sound replaced the sound of the first /s/ in the word "legislatures," listeners reported hearing Answer

a. just the cough sound where the /s/ was originally. b. just the cough sound, but it masked the whole word. c. both the cough and the /s/ sound, but the position of the cough could not be correctly identified. d. just the /s/ sound.
3.5 points

Question 23

1. Top-down processing can help Answer a. segment acoustic signals. b. recognize phonemes. c. recognize words. d. all of these.
3.5 points

Question 24

1.

The duplex theory of texture perception refers to the importance of Answer a. temporal cues and spatial cues. b. spatial cues and auditory cues. c. temporal cues and olfactory cues. d. temporal cues and parietal cues.
3.5 points

Question 25

1. Sodium nitrate results in a taste of Answer a. sour. b. a combination of salty, sour, and bitter. c. sweet and sour. d. sweet.
3.5 points

Question 26

1. Pokorny reduced the perceived pain for a burn victim by Answer a. presenting a virtual-reality "game" that involved chasing a spider and grinding the spider in a garbage disposal. b. showing photographs of other burn victims. c. discussing the placebo effect with the burn victim. d. microstimulating the nocioreceptors in the forearm.
3.5 points

Question 27

1.

The senses of ____ are referred to as the gatekeepers. Answer a. kinethesis and proprioception b. vision and olfaction c. vision and proprioception d. olfaction and gustation
3.5 points

Question 28

1. The substance amiloride Answer a. increases the flow of sucrose to taste receptors. b. blocks the flow of sucrose to taste receptors. c. increases the response of neurons that respond best to salt. d. blocks the flow of sodium to taste receptors.
3.5 points

Question 29

1. Japanese children at the age of ____ can tell the difference between the /r/ sound and the /l/ sound just as well as American children. Answer a. 5 years old b. 1 year old c. 2 years old d. 6 months old
3.5 points

Question 30

1.

Computer speech recognition is Answer a. equal in all respects to human speech recognition. b. better than human speech recognition in all conditions. c. better than human speech recognition in accuracy. d. worse than human speech recognition.
3.5 points

Question 31

1. The somatosensory system Answer a. is not important for motivating sexual activity. b. is comprised of cutaneous sensations, proprioception, and kinesthesis. c. is the same as the cutaneous sensory system. d. is not activated when reading Braille.
3.5 points

Question 32

1. "Across-fiber patterns" is another name for Answer a. specificity coding. b. distributed coding. c. common coding. d. olfactory decoding.
3.5 points

Question 33

1. Which of the following is NOT a mechanoreceptor?

Answer a. Chancellor cells b. Merkel receptors c. Ruffini cylinders d. Pacinian corpuscle

3.5 points

Question 34

1. Penfield mapped locations of body parts on area S1 by Answer a. using fMRIs in humans. b. stimulating S1 areas in humans, and asking them where they felt body sensations. c. using somatosensory-evoked potentials in monkeys. d. lesioning S1 areas in the monkey.
3.5 points

Question 35

1. In most of our daily experience of touch, we are using Answer a. passive touch. b. two-hand touch. c. two-point touch. d. active touch.
3.5 points

Question 36

1. Olfactory signals from the thalamus project to

Answer a. the parietal cortex. b. the insula, the frontal operculum cortex, and the OFC. c. only the NST. d. only the OFC.
3.5 points

Question 37

1. The ____ pathway conducts signals from the front and sides of the tongue to the brain. Answer a. chorda tympani b. vagus nerve c. glossopharyngeal nerve d. insula nerve
3.5 points

Question 38

1. Which of the following stimuli have been used to test tactile acuity? Answer a. Letters, gratings, and two-point stimuli have all been used. b. two-point stimuli c. letters d. gratings
3.5 points

Question 39

1. The ____ is the shortest segment of speech that, if changed, changes the meaning

of the word. Answer a. morphemes b. phonemes c. formants d. tadomas

3.5 points

Question 40

1. Palmeri et al. had participants listen to a word list that was spoken by (1) the same speaker, or (2) different speakers. In a subsequent recognition memory test, participants were Answer a. more accurate when different speakers said the words. b. the same in accuracy in both conditions. c. more accurate when one speaker said all of the words. d. faster in responding when different speakers said the words.
3.5 points

Question 41

1. When you try to identify a three-dimensional object by touch alone, and are allowed to have control over your hand and finger movements, you are using Answer a. magnification touch. b. haptic perception. c. azimuth perception. d. passive touch.
3.5 points

Question 42

1. Saffron et al. (1996) found that 8-month-old infants listened to ____ test stimuli longer, providing evidence that infants are capable of ____ learning. Answer a. whole word; formal operational b. part word; transitional probability c. whole word; vicarious d. part word; statistical
3.5 points

Question 43

1. Miller and Isard presented listeners with grammatical sentences ("Gadgets simplify work around the house"); ungrammatical word strings ("Between gadgets highways passengers the steal"), and anomalous sentences ("Gadgets kill passengers from the eyes"). The results showed that the listener's ability to accurately report the phrase was Answer a. the same for grammatical and anomalous, which were both better than ungrammatical. b. the same for all three conditions. c. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by anomalous, and then ungrammatical. d. highest for the grammatical condition, followed by ungrammatical, and then anomalous.
3.5 points

Question 44

1. A person with Wernicke's aphasia Answer a. has damage to an area of the occipital cortex. b. can easily isolate phonemes, but have trouble with word segmentation. c. produces fluent speech, but in nonsensical "word salads."

d. can comprehend words, but can't produce speech.

3.5 points

Question 45

1. If a listener is asked to pay attention to speech provided by familiar voices, the ____ is activated, as shown by fMRI studies. Answer a. FFA b. STS c. both the FFA and STS d. none of these
3.5 points

Question 46

1. The area on S1 associated with the thumb is as large as the area for the forearm. This is an example of Answer a. sensory substitution. b. Braille projection. c. the analgesic inversion principle. d. cortical magnification.
3.5 points

Question 47

1. An onion smell is presented to a participant, and is told that it is "body odor" or it is "pizza." The participant will perceive the odor Answer a. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza," but only if the "body odor" is from the opposite sex.

b. more favorably if it is labeled "pizza" than "body odor." c. in the same way; labeling does not affect odor perception. d. more favorably if it is labeled "body odor" than "pizza," no matter which sex the "body odor" is from.
3.5 points

Question 48

1. The nerve fibers in the spinal cord go in Answer a. the spinothalamic pathway only. b. the geniculostriate pathway only. c. both the medial lemniscal pathway and the spinothalamic pathway. d. the medial lemniscal pathway only.
3.5 points

Question 49

1. A fifth basic taste is Answer a. has been described as "putrid". b. called umami. c. has not yet been identified. d. has been described as "bittersweet".
3.5 points

Question 50

1.
Warren showed that when a cough sound replaced the sound of the first /s/ in the word "legislatures," listeners reported hearing Answer

a. just the cough sound where the /s/ was originally. b. just the cough sound, but it masked the whole word.

c. both the cough and the /s/ sound, but the position of the cough could not be correctly identified. d. just the /s/ sound.