Equation of State of Titanium

Sushil Kumar July 12, 2011

1
1.1

E-P-V Equation of State of Titanium

Underlining Theory

The goal of this Paper is to present the Mie Gruneisen equation of state of Titanium with its shock hugoniot as the reference curve. The Mie Gruneisen equation of state is of the following form: P PH = (E EH ) V (1)

Where, PH = PH (V ), EH = EH (V ) and = (V ), are the pressure and energy terms along the Hugoniot curve. These terms can be found using the shock jump conditions and Up Us curve. Through the Up Us curve, we can determine the linear t between the two variables, Up and Us . The following is the linear form of the best t Up Us equation: Us = s (Up ) + c0 (2) The shock jump conditions for mass, momentum and energy are written in the following form: (Us Up ) = 0 Us PH = 0 Us Up EH = (3) (4)

1 (P + P0 ) (V0 V ) (5) 2 Using these three equations and the Up Us relation, we can solve for PH and EH using algebraic manipulations, which gives us the following equations: PH = 0 c2 0 1 2 (1 s) c0 1 s
2 2

(6)

EH =

(7)

V Where, = 1 V0 . V0 is the initial specic volume of the material. Now, we need the gruneisen parameter, , of Titanium. Of the three solid phases of titanium , , , only phase exists at STP. Thus, we will use the parameters of . Kerley[1] propose the following equation for (V ). 2 (V ) = 0 x + 0.5 (1 x) (8)

Where, x = V /V0 . V0 and 0 are the specic volume and the Gruneisen parameter at STP. Temperature along the hugoniot is given by the following equation:[3] TH = T0 exp( Where, = 1
V V0

0 0 c2 0 0 (V0 V )) + exp( (V0 V )) V0 Cv V0

V V0

2 (1

0 3 exp( V 0 )

(V0 V )) dV

(9)

and Cv is the specic heat capacity. 1

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Results

The following relation is the best t Up Us equation for gure (1): Us = 0.9784 (Up ) + 5.0145 Where, s = 0.9784 and c0 = 5.0145 km . The data for this graph is available in Marsh et al [2]. s The necessary parameters for solving Gruneisen parameter of -Titanium, , are 0 and V0 , which are 1.184 and 0.2221cc/g respectively. Temperature can be calculated using equation (9), where Cv for Titanium is 0.52 J/(gK). Now we have solved for all the unknown variables, and the Mie Gruneisen equation of state, equation (1), is fully constructed. Table 1: Summary of variables needed for the E-P-V equation of state Description Value Mie Gruneisen Equation of State P PH = V (E EH ) Specic Internal Energy Energy/M ass Specic Volume cm3 /g Pressure GPA Inital Specic Volume 1/ 4.5018g/cm3 = 0.2221cm3 /g c2 V Hugoniot Pressure PH = V0 (1s)2 , = 1 V0 0 Hugoniot Energy Gruneisen Parameter Reference Gruneisen Parameter Bulk Sound Speed Another term shock hugoniot velocity relation Specic heat of Titanium Parameter for hugoniot Temperature Reference Gruneisen Temperature EH =
1 2 c0 1s 2

(10)

Variable EOS E V P V0 PH EH 0 c0 s Cv 0

Reference [1] -

, =1
2

V V0 V V0

(V ) = 0 x + 0.5 (1 x) , x = 1.184 5.0145 mm/microsec 0.9784 0.52 J/(gK) V 1 V0 1.184

[1] [1] -

1.3

Bibliography

[1] G.I. Kerley, Equations of State for Titanium and Ti6A14V Alloy, SAND 2003-3785, 2003 [2] S. P. Marsh, LASL Shock Hugoniot Data (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 1980) [3] J. Peng, Pressure and temperature dependence of shear modulus and yield strength for aluminum, copper, and tungsten under shock compression, Journal of Applied Physics, 98(2005)

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Figures

Figure 1: Shock Velocity vs Particle Velocity

Figure 2: Specic Volume vs Particle Velocity

Figure 3: Pressure vs Particle Velocity

Figure 4: Temperature vs Particle Velocity