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Guess Paper 2009 Class X Subject Mathematics
Chapter 16. Similarity. Question 1. Area of two similar triangles ABC and PQR are 25 cm2 and 49 cm2 respectively. If QR = 9.8 cm, find BC. Solution : ABC ~ PQR {ar( ABC)}/{ar( PQR)}= BC2/QR2 or, 25/49 = BC2/(9.8)2 , [Taking square root of both sides] 5/7 = BC/9.8 or, 7BC = 49 or, BC = 7 cm. [Ans.] Question 2. Two isosceles triangles have equal vertical angles and their areas are in the ratio 4 : 9. Find the ratio of their corresponding heights. Solution :- Let ABC and PQR be two isosceles triangles, where, AB = AC, PQ = PR and vertical angles A and P are equal.

Also, (area of ABC)/(area of PQR) = 4/9, AD is perpendicular to BC and PM is perpendicular to QR. As, AB =AC and PQ = PR then AB/PQ = AC/PR ; and vertical angles A and P are equal ; Therefore, ABC ~ PQR [S.A.S. similarity axiom]

(area of ABC )/(area of PQR) = AD2/PM2 or, or, 4/9 = AD2/PM2 AD/PM = 2/3. [Ans.]

Question 3. P and Q are points on the side AB and AC respectively of a triangle ABC such that PQ is parallel to BC and divides triangle ABC into two parts, equal in area. Find PB : AB.
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Solution :Area of APQ = Area of trapezium PBCQ = Area of ABC area of APQ Or, 2Area of APQ = Area of ABC ------------------------ (i) In s APQ and ABC, L APQ = L ABC equal] L A is common , Hence, APQ ~ ABC similarity] [A.A. axiom of [PQ is parallel to BC, corresponding angles are

Therefore, area of APQ / area of ABC = AP2/AB2 Or, area of APQ / 2area of APQ = AP2/AB2 Or, 2AP2 = AB2 Or, 2 AP = AB

Or, 2(AB PB) = AB Or, (2 1). AB = 2.PB Hence, PB / AB = (2 1)/2 Or, PB : AB = (2 1) : 2. [Ans.] Question 4. In the figure given below, DE is parallel to BC, AD = 4 cm, BD = 2 cm and the area of ABC = 12 cm2. Calculate : (i) Area of ADE (ii) (Area of ADE)/(Area of trapezium DBCE).

Solution :- (i) As, DE is parallel to BC, therefore, ADE ~ ABC Therefore, (Area ADE)/(Area of ABC) = AD2/AB2
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Or, (1) Or, Area of ADE = 12(4/9) = 16/3 = 5 1/3 cm2. [Ans.] (Area of ADE)/12 = 42/(4 + 2)2 = 42/62 = 16/36 = 4/9 ---

(ii) From part (i) we have, (Area of ADE)/(Area of ABC) = 4/9 Or, (Area of ADE)/(Area of ABC Area of ADE) = 4/(9 4) Or, (Area of ADE)/(Area of trapezium DBCE) = 4/5. [Ans.] Question 5. In the given figure, ABC is a triangle, DE is parallel to BC and AD/DB = 3/2.

Fig. (i) Determine the ratio AD/AB, DE/BC. (ii) Prove that DEF is similar to CBF. Hence, find EF/FB. (iii) What is the ratio of the areas of DEF and BFC ? Solution : - (i) Given DE || BC and AD/DB = 3/2. In S ADE and ABC, LA = LA, LD = LB, Therefore, Hence, Now, ADE ~ ABC AD/AB = AE/AC = DE/BC AD/AB = AD/(AD + DB) = 3/(3 + 2) = 3/5 = DE/BC. [Ans.]
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(Common Angle) (Corresponding Angles) [By A A similarity]

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(ii) In S DEF and CBF, LFDE = LFCB LDFE = LBFC Therefore, Hence, (iii) DEF ~ CBF (Alternate Angle) (Vertically Opposite Angle) [By A A Similarity]

EF/FB = DE/BC = 3/5 => EF/FB = 3/5 [Ans.] Area of DEF / Area of CBF = EF2/FB2 = 32/52 = 9/25 [Ans.]

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