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TOHONO 'O'ODHAM-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The data collection work for the dictionary was sponsored by the Franciscan Province of St Barbara. During the two years I spent at the Covered Wells Mission in Arizona (from 1958 to 1960) my principal respondent was Jose Pancho from Santa Rosa. During the next few years I went over the data with the help of Lena Antone from Covered Wells, who was staying with me in Los Angeles. The entries for the dictionary were typed up by Kenneth Hill, then a student at UCLA. In the early 70'ies the dictionary was published in two volumes by Indiana University Press, under the title of A Dictionary of Papago Usage. The project of putting the dictionary on the internet was initiated in the early 2000 by Drs Michael T Hammond and Ofelia Zepeda, at the University of Arizona. Two students, Mizuki Miyashita and Laura Moll did the scanning of volume I and a part of volume II. Dr Terrence Langendoen let them use his lab to do the work. The project was abandonned for a while and started anew by Dr Colleen M Fitzgerald and her students, first at Texas Tech University, in Lubbock, TX, then, at the University of Texas at Arlington. The students who worked on scanning the pages of the dictionary include: Katelyn Anderson, Jared Hoover, Nathan Jahnke, Kristen Jones and principally Dr Pat Perez. I corrected the scanned text under the generous auspices of the Department of Linguistics, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York.

Madeleine Mathiot Professor emerita

ABBREVIATIONS
(For the grammatical significance of the abbrevitions used here, see the Grammatical Outline in Volume I of A Dictionary of Papago Usage, pp.29-134)

Adj Adv aggreg alien anim assim of* Comp Compl: concurs Conj contr of* Correl: def dial: dissim of * disson of * Distr, distr dtr Dur: elis of * Engl: ex: Excl, Exclam Expr hort immed: imper: inalien inanim in indef indiv instr:

Adjective Adverb aggregate status alienable status animate status assimilated form of* Compound Completive concursive Conjunction contracted form of * Correlative definite dialectal variant dissimilated form of* dissonant form of * distributive double transitive Durative elided form of * English example(s) Exclamation Expression hortative immediative imperative impers impersonal inalienable status inanimate status included in indefinite individual status instrumental

Interr: intr loc mass mass o met of * Mod mult N Neutr: Num obj Part pers pl pl/distr plo pls Postp Pr pron: Quant redupl of *-reflex Repet: s semi Stat sg sgo sgs sing Span: Stat subst tr Unit V

interruptive intransitive locative mass status object with mass status metathesized form of * Modifier multiple Noun Neutral Numeral object Particle person plural plural/distributive plural object plural subject Postposition/Preposition Pronoun pronounced Quantifier reduplicated form of *-reflexive Repetitive subject semi stative singular singular object singular subject single Spanish Stative verb substitute transitive unitive verb

SPELLING SYMBOLS Consonants: p as in pilka= wheat b as in ban= cayote t as in ta= sun d as in da:k= nose as in taai= road runner c as in cucul= chicken j as in jisk= aunt k as in kakaicu= quail g as in gogs= dog ' as in ce'ul= willow tree v as in vopo= down s as in si:s= older sister as in u:k= shoes h as in kahio= leg m as in makai= medicine man n as in na:k= ear as in uv= owl as in ca: go= monkey l as in lo:ba= material y as in ya:v= key

Vowels: Short a as in 'a'al= children e as in 'ea= inside i as in ci= mouth as in bav= beans o as in 'on= salt u as in 'uv= young female o: as in vo:g= road u: as in 'u:s= stick, pole Long a: as in ha:l= squash e: as in je:= to smoke i: as in vi:b= milk

A NOTE ABOUT COMPOUNDS It is important to know whether a multi-stem nominal lex ical unit is a compund or an expression, for two reasons: (1) placement of the person markers. Thus -ha'icu-'a:ga my story ha'icu-'a:ga-j his/her story but -'u:vis=ga navait my wine 'u:vis=ga-j navait his/her wine or gogs -oiga my pet dog gogs oiga-j his/her pet dog (2) presence versus absence of link before locatives. Thus Ju:kam-Jevu-c-'e in Mexico, 'u:s-onjun-t-'ab on/against the stake but kokdam haki: 'ab at the hospital

A note about the spelling

VOLUME I

babad/ babgacud ba-

babad N aggreg [distr: babbad]: frog babadag s-Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-babbadag): to be full of frogs in one
location ex: Sbabadag ha'icu mhiosigga 'ea. There are lots of frogs in your flowers.

babaicu see Postp ba'icu= on the throat babaicud Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ba'icud): to make somebody swallow something
repeatedly ex: Cum hekid ha'icu babaicud. He always makes me swallow something (a pill).

babbad see N babad= frog babbadag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-babadag): to be full of frogs in several
locations

babbas see N ba:bas= potatoes babbhe Vintr Repet (for Unit see baha) [Neutr: indef babbhe. Dur: babbhe-d. lnterr:
babbe-him]: to ripen repeatedly ex: Cum hekid babbhe. They ripen repeatedly (every year). Vo babbhed g bahidag. My fruits will be ripening repeatedly (year after year). Babbehim 'o. It has been ripening repeatedly (year after year).

babe/baba Vtr Repet (for Unit see ba'a) [Neutr: indef babe/baba. Dur: babe-d/baba-d.
Interr: babe-him]: to swallow obj repeatedly ex: Pt o hema babed ves 'o:la 'e. You will swallow one (pill) every hour.

babe Vreflex: to swallow one's saliva repeatedly (as when one is hungry)
ex: 'I 'i(<'e)babe. He keeps swallowing his saliva.

babga see Stat s-baga= to be angry babgacud Vtr plo (for sgo see bagacud) [Neutr: def babgac; hort and indef
babgacud]: to make obj angry ex: Pt o ho(<ha)babgac. You will make them angry.

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babgacud/ bagacud babgacud Vtr Repet (for Unit see bagacud) sgs: to make somebody angry repeatedly
ex: Cum hekid babgacud. He makes me angry all the time.

babgam see Adv s-bagam= angrily babgat Vintr pls (for sgs see bagat) [Neutr: def, hort and indef babgat. Interr: babgatahim]: to get angry ex: 'Idam 'at babgat. They are (got) angry.-- Tp 'oia ghekaj 'am 'i babgat g hemajkam. But, possibly, because of that, the people got angry. Hegam 'o pi hekid babgat. They never get angry. Babgatahim 'o. They are getting angry.

babgat Vintr Repet (for Unit see bagat) sgs [Neutr: indef babgat. Dur: babgata-d.
Interr: babgata-him]: to get angry repeatedly ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid babgat. I never get angry.

babko'ola see N bako'ola= pascola dancer babmud Vtr Repet (for Unit see ba:mud) (Neutr: indef babmud]: to ask obj
repeatedly to give a hand ex: Heg 'o cum hekid 'i a 'i babmud. He repeatedly asks me to give a hand here.

babmust see Stat s-bamustk= to be even-tempered babmustkam see N subst s-bamustkam= even-tempered one babo see N ba:o= chest babo see Postp ba:o= in front of, against baboag see N ba:oag= apron babyoka see N bayoka= necklace babyoka see Stat bayoka= to have a necklace baga s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-baga; def s-baga=k. Dur: s-baga=ka-d. Interr: sbaga=ka-him); pls: s-babga]: to be angry ex: Heg 'o sbaga. He is angry. Hegam 'o sbabga. They are angry. Pi g 'am sbagak 'ab vui! Don't be sore at me! (<'a) ab si sbaga. I am just real angry. Pi 'i(<'a) baga. I am not angry. -- T o sbagakad 'ab vui. He will be sore at me.

bagacud Vtr Unit (for Repet see babgacud) sgo (for plo see babgacud) [Neutr: def
bagac; hort and indef bagacud. Interr: bagacuda-him]: to make somebody angry ex: Pt o bagac. You're going to make me angry. Pi g 'am bagacud! Don't make me angry Cum hekid bagacud. He makes me angry all the time. bagacudahim 'ap. You are making me angry. B(<vab) 'i bagacudahi. It started making me angry.

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bagam/ ba[h]i bagam s- Adv sg [pl: sbabgam]: angrily

ex: Sbagam iok. He is talking angrily. Sbabgam eiok. They are talking angrily.

bagas s- N subst sg: ill tempered, irascible one (same as bagvul) bagat Vintr Unit (for Repet see babgat) sgs (for pls see babgat) [Neutr: def and hort
bagat. Correl: bagat-k; immed: bagat-ka-'i. Interr: bagata-him]: to become angry ex: Si 'int(<'ant) bagat. I am real angry. Napt bagat? Are you angry? Pi 'int(<'ant) o bagat. I won't get angry. Pi g 'am bagat 'ab vui! Don't get angry at me! Nap bagatahim? Are you getting angry? Hekid o a bagatka'ik ab 'am o a(<va) 'i hugka g 'ali. As soon as she gets angry, she just scratches a child.

bagatam N subst sg: one who gets angry easily bagatam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be one who gets angry easily
ex: Naumk u bagatam. When he is drunk (having gotten drunk) he is easily angered.

bagvul N sg: ill tempered, irascible one (same as s-bagas) baha (assim of *bahe) Vintr Unit (for Repet and Distr see babbhe) [Neutr: def bai;
indef baha; hort ba:-'i. Correl: ba:-k; immed: ba:-ka-'i. Compl: bahi-ok; immed: bahi-oka'i. Interr: bai-him. Dur: baha-d]: to ripen, to get cooked, baked ex: Nnalaga 'at o bai hemu. My oranges will ripen soon. -- Bai 'at g 'e'es. My crop is ripe.-- Pi 'it(<'at) koi bai. It is not ripe yet. -- Nat bai g mu:-hido? Is the bean stew done? Bai 'at. It is done. Skeg bai hega'i ha'a. That pot is well baked. Mu:-hido skeg bai. The bean stew is well cooked. B(<hab) 'a 'elid mat hemho a(<va) skeg o bai. I think that for sure it will bake well (the pot). Skeg g ba:'i! Cook/ ripen well! ...c 'ab 'i ba:ka'ik ha'i 'i 'i(<'e)ta:t. ...and immediately after they had ripened, some split themselves open. Nnalaga 'o baihim. My oranges are getting ripe. Baihim 'o kc vepegihim g mansa:na. The apples are ripening and reddening. Ves sisialmad 'o 'ob(<'ab) baha g nala. Every day there is a batch of ripe oranges (the oranges ripen). T o bahad hemu. They will soon ripen continually without interruption.

bahi N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bahi-j); pl: ba:bhai (met of *ba:bahi)]: tail ba[h]i Stat [sing (Neutr: indef bahi; def bai=k. Dur: bai=ka-d. Interr: bai=ka-him);
mult: ba:bhai]: to have a tail ex: 'I:da'a mi:tol pi ha bahi. This cat does not have a tail.

ba[h]i s- Adj: ripe

ex: Ha'i 'a tacu g sbahi nala. I want some ripe oranges.

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ba[h]i/ bahipi'ok ba[h]i s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-ba[h]i; def s-bai=k. Dur: s-bai=ka-d. Interr: s-bai=ka-him]:
to be ripe ex: 'Id 'o sbai. It is ripe. Sbahi 'o. It is ripe. Hemu 'ut(< 'at) o sbaikad. Soon it/they will be ripe.

bahidag in ha'icu bahidag N Expr alien aggreg [1st pers ha'icu -bahidag=ga]:
fruits, crop, produce ciolim-bahidag NComp alien aggreg: cholla fruit (also called simply ciolim) ha:a-bahidag NComp alien aggreg: saguaro fruit (also called bahidaj) nala-bahidag N Comp alien aggreg: orange (also called simply nala)

bahidag Stat [Neutr: indef bahidag; def bahidag=k. Dur: bahidag=ka-d. Interr:
bahidag=ka-him]: to have, bear, fruits ex: Tk o skeg bahidagk. It looks like it will have beautiful fruits. Cum 'o skeg bahidagkahim. It used to have beautiful fruits.

bahidagga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's fruits, crop

ex: D(<vu) 'o bahidagga. It is my crop (they are my fruits).

bahidagga in ha'icu s-bahidagga Stat Expr: to have lots of fruits (or vegetables)
ex: Nap ha'icu sbahidagga? Do you (sg) have lots of fruit (or vegetables)? ha:a-bahidagga s- Stat Comp: to have lots of saguaro fruits (same as sbahidajga) ex: Nap sha:a-bahidagga? Do you(sg) have lots of saguaro fruits?

bahidaj N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg bahidaj=ga-j]: saguaro fruit, crop

ex: No mu'ij g bahidaj 'id 'ahid 'ab? Is the saguaro crop abundant this year? Gakshim 'o g bahidaj. The saguaro fruits are getting dry.

bahidaj vu Stat Expr: to be (a) saguaro fruit(s)

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) bahidaj. This is a saguaro fruit.

bahidajga s- Stat: to have a lot of saguaro fruits

ex: Nap sbahidajga? Do you(sg) have a lot of saguaro fruits?

bahidaj-ko'io VComp pls: to camp out in order to harvest saguaro fruit (to go and
eat saguaro fruit)

bahi[a]d Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort bahiad]: to put a tail on obj bahipi'ok Vtr sing [Neutr: def bahipi'o; hort bahipi'ok]: to remove the tail of obj

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bahigid/ bako'olabahigid V reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ba:bhaigid) [Neutr: indef 'e-bahigid]: to wag
one's tail ex: 'Ebahigid 'o g gogs. The dog is wagging its tail.

bahij see Vtr bahijid= to get obj ready to be eaten, harvested bahijid Vtr [Neutr: def bahij; hort bahijid]: to get obj ready to be eaten, harvested
ex: Napt bahij g mu:-hido? Do you have the bean stew ready? --Napt bahij g 'emu:ga? Do you have your beans ready to be harvested? Bahij 'ant g 'e'es. I have my crops ready to be harvested.

bahijida in ha'icu bahijida NExpr inalien [1st pers sg: ha'icu -bahijida]: food ready
to be eaten, crop ready to be harvested pilka bahijida NExpr inalien [1st pers sg pilka -bahijida]: wheat crop ready to be harvested

bahijidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def bahijidac; hort bahijidacud]: to get obj ready to be eaten,
ready to be harvested, for somebody ex: Napt ha'icu bahijidac? Do you have something ready for me to eat?

bahiok, bahioka'i see Vintr ba[h]a= to ripen bai see Vintr ba[h]a= to ripen bai see Adj sba[h]i= ripe bai see Stat sba[h]i= to be ripe baihim see Vintr ba[h]a= to ripen baikam (contr of *bahikam) N subst: one with a tail
Vu:lo-Baikam NComp(?): a nickname (One with a Donkey Tail).

baikam vu Stat Expr: to be one with a tail

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) pi ha baikam. He is one without a tail.

bako'ola (Span: pascola; dial: bak'ola) N indiv [pl: babko'ola (dial babkkola)]:
pascola dancer

bako'ola-givu NComp (?): Pasacola dancer belt balva s- Stat sing [mult: s-babalva]: to have a scar
ex: Nap sma:c hega'i 'o'odham mo 'on(<'an) ge sbalva 'evuhioa 'an? Do you know that fellow who happens to have a scar on his face?

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balvaig/ banmakam balvaig N inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -balvaig); pl: babalvaig]: scar on someone bamustk s-Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-bamustk. Dur: s-bamustka-d. Interr: s-bamustkahim); pls: s-babmustk]: to be good tempered ex: Heg 'o sbamustk. He is good tempered. Heg 'o pi bamustk. He is bad tempered.

bamustkam s- N subst indiv [pl s-babmustkam]: one with a good temper

pi bamustkam NExpr: one with a bad temper

ban N alien indiv [pl: ba:ban]: coyote ban-cpla N Comp alien aggreg: hedgehog cactus ban-cplag s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of hedgehog cacti in a single location Ban Dak subst N Expr: name of a village (where a coyote sat down) banjeluv s- Stat: to have bad breath (same as s-banov) bankaj Adv: like a coyote
ex: Nt o bankaj hihin. I will yell like a coyote.

banma s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ba:banma]: to be greedy

ex: Heg 'o a 'i sbanma. He is quite greedy. Pi 'o banma. He is not greedy.

banmad Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef banmad. Dur: banmada-d. Interr: banmadahim]: to cheat somebody ex: banmad 'at. He has cheated me. Pi g 'am banmad! Don't cheat me! 'O ob (<vab) mbanmad. He is just cheating you. -- Cum hekid banmad. He cheats me all the time. Cum hekid habanmad. He cheats (somebody) all the time. Heg 'at o mbanmadad. He will be cheating you continually. banmadahim 'ap. You have been cheating me all along.

banmakam s- N indiv [pl: s-ba:banmakam]: greedy one, glutton

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id hega'i sbanmakam. I don't like that glutton.

banmakam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-ba:banmakam]: to be a glutton

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) sbanmakam. He is a glutton.

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banov/ bavig banov s- Stat: to have bad breath (same as s-banjeluv)

ex: Heg 'o sbanov. He has bad breath.

ban-v:vga NComp aggreg: wild tobacco (coyote's tobacco) ban-v:vgag s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of wild tobacco in a single location ban-vuhioa NComp alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ban-vuhioa=ga-j); pl: ba:banvu:pioa]: hoe (coyote's face)

ban 'eldag NComp: coyote skin Ban 'i Kuadc subst NExpr (?): a nickname (Coyote peeked in) baimme see Vintr baimme= to wriggle, roll (as on the ground or floor) baimme Vintr sgs (for pls see baiopa) [Neutr: def baimme; hort and indef
baimme. Dur: baimmea-d]: to wriggle, roll (as on the ground or floor) ex: T ha'as a(<va) baimme. He stopped wriggling. Pi g 'am hu baimmead jevuo! Don't be wriggling on the ground!

baiop see Vintr baiopa= to wriggle, roll (as on the ground) baiopa Vintr pls (for sgs see baimme [Neutr: def baiop; hort and indef
baiopa. Dur: baiopaa-d]: to wriggle, roll (as on the ground or floor) ex: T ha'as a(<va) baiop. They stopped wriggling.-- Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu baiopaad! Don't be wriggling on the ground!

bavi N aggreg: hard, inedible red wild beans (also called bavul) baviame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def baviam; hort baviame]: to go after tepary beans bavig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ba:bavig): to be full of tepary beans in a
single location to:ta-bavig s-Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of white tepary beans in a single location

baviga Stat: to have tepary beans

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baviga/ ba'a baviga s- Stat: to have a lot of tepary beans

ex: Heg 'o sbaviga. He has a lot of tepary beans. -- Sbaviga 'a. I have a lot of tepary beans. -- Sbaviga 'a k u to:ta-bav. I have a lot of white tepary beans. to:ta-baviga s-Stat Comp: to have a lot of white tepary beans

bavi-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: tepary bean pods bav Nalien aggreg [1st pers sg -bavi=ga; distr: ba:bav]: tepary beans
cuck-bav NComp alien aggreg: black tepary beans (a variety of tepary beans not cultivated) to:ta-bav NComp alien aggreg: a variety of tepary beans (white tepary beans) vepegi-bav NComp alien aggreg: a variety of tepary beans (red tepary beans) 'u'am-bav NComp alien aggreg: a variety of tepary beans (yellow tepary beans) 'u'us-bav NComp alien aggreg: black-eyed peas

bavul N aggreg: hard, inedible red wild beans (also called bavi) bayoka N inalien aggreg: bead(s) bayoka N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bayoka-j); pl: babyoka]: necklace
ex: Bayokaj gi'ik 'i na:p. Her necklace has four rows (is folded four times). kavyu-bayoka NComp inalien indiv: horse collar

bayoka Stat sing [mult: babyoka]: to have a necklace

ex: Nap ge bayoka? Do you have a necklace by any chance?

ba'a (assim of *ba'e) Vtr Unit (for Repet see babe) [Neutr: def ba:; indef ba'a; hort ba:'i; imper sgs ba'i-, pls ba'i-vo. Correl: ba'a-k; immed: ba'a-ka-'i. Compl: ba'i-ok; imper pls: ba'i-ok-o; immed: ba'i-oka-'i; imper pls: ba'i-oka-'i-o. Interr: ba'i-him. Dur: ba'a-d)]: to swallow obj ex: Pt o ba: 'i:da'a. (You(sg) will) swallow this. -- Pt o ho(<ha)ba:. (You(sg) will) swallow them (pills). -- 'Ali 'it(<'at) ba: g kad:di. The child swallowed a marble. -- Ha'at-ba: g kakddodi. He swallowed the marbles. -- Ba'i! Swallow it! -- Ba'ihim 'o. He is swallowing it. -- 'Ab 'i ba'ihi. He started swallowing it. -- Ba'ioka'i! First swallow it (you sg)! -- Ba'iok/Ba'ioka'io! First swallow it (you pl)!-- Nt o 'op(<'ip) ba'ioka'i. First, I'll swallow it. -- Cum hekid 'o ha'icu ma:k ku haba'a. He is always giving me something (such as pills) for me to swallow (them). -- Pt o ho(<ha)ba'ad 'i:da'a ves 'ola 'e. (You will) swallow one of these (pills) every hour. -- Pt o 'i ki'ivakc gm hu o ba'ad. You will chew it and swallow it. -- Nt o ha'icu mma: pt o ho(<ha)ba'ad gi'ik 'o:la 'e. I'll give you something (pills) for you to swallow every four hours.

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ba'aba/ ba'ic ba'aba N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba'abaa-j); pl: ba:ba'aba]: mother's deceased
father; mother's deceased father's brother

ba'aba'ic see Postp ba'ic= in front of ba'ag N alien indiv [pl: ba:ba'ag (dial babag)]: golden eagle ba'agcud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ba:ba'agcud) [Neutr: def 'e-ba'agc; hort and
indef 'e-ba'agcud. Interr: 'e-ba'agcuda-him]: to turn into an eagle ex: 'ab 'i 'i(<'e)ba'agcudahi. he had started turning into an eagle.

ba'ag-vi:g NComp inalien mass: eagle down ba'ag-'a'an NComp aggreg: eagle feather(s) ba'am[a] N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba'ama-j; pl: ba:bma]: daughter's child;
brother's daughter's child (the reciprocal terms are ba:b, ba:b keli, and ba:b 'oks)

ba'amakam vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vu ba:bmakam]: to be a grandfather

ex: D(< vu) 'a ba'amakam. I am one with a grandchild. -- D(<vu) 'a ba:bmakam. I am one with grandchildren.

ba'ama-'o:g NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba'ama-'o:ga-j); pl: ba:bma'o'og; 1rst pers sg -ba:bma-'o'og ]: son-in-law, father-in-law, sibling of one's wife's father (father of one's daughter's child, ego being a man)

ba'i N: act of swallowing once

ex: Pi ma:c g ba'i. He does not know how to swallow

ba'ic Mod: next

ex: ba'ic cuhug= the next night-- ba'ic domig= next Sunday--ba'ic si'alim= the day after to-morrow--ba'ic ta = the next day --'In hab ba'ic ki:c'e 'o daha. He is (sitting) in the next house. -- 'In hab ba'ic hema ki:c'e 'o daha. He is (sitting) in the house after the next one. -- Nt o ba'ic hema 'i 'ep ga:. I'll look for somebody else (the next one after him). -- Nt o ha'icu ba'ic 'ep m'a:g. I'll tell you what comes next (something next after it). -- 'In 'o hob(<hab) ba'ic ki:. He lives in the next house. gm hu ba'ic domig Adv Expr: the week after next, two weeks later gm hu ba'ic ta Adv Expr: the day after tomorrow, two days later

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ba'ic/ ba'icu ba'ic Postp [distr: ba'aba'ic]: in front of obj

ex: Nt o mba'ic da:kad. I'll be sitting in front of you (sg). --'am 'i me: ba'ic. he ran in front of him. -- Kut g hu'u hi: 'am haba'ic. The star went in front of them. -- Nt o 'u:pam dai g hodai 'ab pualt ba'ic. I'll put (set) the stone back in front of the door. -- mamt 'am hig ha'icu o 'i mamacehi 'im hab tba'ic. (we want you people) to please find out what is in store for us (in front of us). -- ba'ic him. He is walking in front of me -- ba'ic hihim. They are walking in front of me. -- 'emba'aba'ic= in front of each one of you.

ba'ic 'i Mod Expr: more

ex: ba'ic 'i huunk= the evening after (the) next evening-- ba'ic 'i 'ep ma:sik= the morning after (the) next morning --...'an aha(<haha) ba'ic 'i vo'iva. ...then he lay down further away. -- 'ab ba'ic 'i 'ep kekivup. he keeps moving closer and closer. --...ba'ic 'i ge'e vu do'ag. ..it is a bigger mountain. -- 'At ba'ic 'i bagat hega'i uv. He got angrier (hearsay), that Buzzard. -- Ba'ic 'at o 'i sgakkad hega'i pt 'am o bei. (You will) bring the one that is (will be) skinnier. -- Ba'ic 'i g 'i tonjid g u:dag! Heat up the water some more! -- Ba'ic 'i toihi. It was getting hotter. --'am ba'ic aha(<haha) ge 'i na:to hega'i jevu. ..then he made the world bigger. -- 'am a ba'ic 'i ge'ege. they grew some more. -- Begi, 'apt 'am ha'i a ba'ic 'i ge'ege o tgagc. Well, you will make us bows somewhat bigger. -- 'Apt 'am hig ha'i vo a 'al ba'ic 'i ge'ege tgac. You should (please) make us some bows quite a lot bigger. -- 'am si ba'ic 'i na:to hega'i jevu. .. he made a much bigger earth (world). -- Ba'ic si 'i toihi. It started to get much hotter. -- Ba'ic si 'i t'ai. He came much closer to us. -'A:i a ba'ic 'i ge'ej mo hega'i. I am bigger than he is. -- 'A:i 'a ba'ic 'i ge'ej map 'a:pi'i. I am bigger than you are. -- 'I:da'a vijina 'o ba'ic 'i cevaj mo g ku'iom-vainom. This rope is longer than the chain.

ba'ic 'i Postp Expr: more than obj (same as ba'ivckim 'i)
ex: 'A:pi 'ap ba'ic 'i ge'ej. You(sg) are bigger than me. -- 'Am hu hema ke:k mo ba'ic 'i gevkdag. There stands someone who has more strength than I do. -- Heg 'o ba'ic u 'i 'ali. He is younger than I am. [ves] haba'ic 'i Postp Expr: the most, the greatest of all (same as [ves] haba'ivckim 'i) ex: 'Id haba'ic 'i skegaj. This is the most beautiful. -- Ves haba'ic 'i sto. It is the hottest of them all. -- 'Id 'o ho(<ha)ba'ic 'i him. He is walking ahead of them all. -- 'in hu a(< va) haba'ic 'u:gk 'i dahiva 'in hu vo'o da:m. ..he sat down on the highest spot above the pond.

ba'ic 'i ma- VExpr subst: it is better, preferable, that ... (with a subordinate clause)
ex: Ba'ic 'i mapt ab 'am o a(<va) 'egak. It is preferable that you keep it for yourself.

ba'icu Postp [distr: babaicu]: on the throat of obj

ex: Ba'icu g be:'i! Choke him (grab him on his throat)! -- Haba'icu g ha'u:'i! Choke them! -- Ba'icu 'upt(<'apt) o cu'aka. Slash his throat (him on his throat). -- 'I 'apt o ncu'aka ba'icu. Slash my throat. -- 'embabaicu= on the throat of each one of you

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ba'icu-/ ba'itk ba'icu-be[h]e VComp tr [Neutr: def ba'icu-bei]: to choke obj

ex: Cum ba'icu-bei. He tried to choke me. -- Cum haba'icu-bei. He tried to choke them. --Heg 'at ba'icu-bei g cucul. He choked the chicken.-- Go:k haba'icu-bei g cucul. He choked two chickens.

ba'icud Vdtr Unit (for Repet see babaicud) [Neutr: def ba'ic; hort ba'icud]: to make
somebody swallow obj ex: Ha'icu ba'ic.He made me swallow something.--Nt o mba'ic. I'll make you swallow it.

ba'iha see Vtr ba'iham= to pack, pile up obj (somewhere) ba'iham in ha'icu ba'iham NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg ha'icu -ba'iham);
pl: ha'icu ba:bhiam (met of *ba:biham)]: container full of something lial ba'iham N Expr [sg (1st pers sg: -lial=ga ba'iham); pl: lial ba:bhiam]: container full of money, money bag ex: 'ab daha g lial ba'iham. There was (hearsay) the money bag. pilka ba'iham N Expr [sg (3rd pers sg: pilka=ga-j ba'iham); pl: pilka ba:bhaim]: container full of wheat

ba'iham Vtr Unit (for Repet see babaiham; for Distr see ba:bhiam) [Neutr: def
ba'iha; hort and indef ba'iham. Correl ba'iham-k; immed: ba'iham-ka-'i. Dur: ba'ihama-d. Interr: ba'ihama-him]: to pack, pile up obj (somewhere) ex: Nt o ba'iha 'am kostalc'ea. I'll pack it in the sack. -- heg'ea 'am haba'iha hega'i cu:v. in it he packed those rabbits. -- Ki:c'e 'i haba'iha. He packed them in the house. -- 'am o 'i ba'iha g hu ki: 'ea. pack it inside her house. -- 'Am 'o ho(<ha)ba'iham kostalc'e. He is packing them in the bag. --Tp 'ea hek hu na:to 'am 'i ba'ihamk g ku'ag. Meanwhile they had already finished piling the wood in there. -- Si davup g 'ekostal c 'am 'ep ba'ihamahim. She keeps shaking down her sack and packing some more of it in it.

ba'iham V reflex [Neutr: def 'e-ba'iha]: to pack, pile oneself (somewhere)

ex: 'am hu heba'i 'im 'i ves 'ehemapa g ha'icu doakam k 'am 'eba'iha. at some time, all the animals assembled and piled up in there.

ba'ihamas Stat: to be packed, piled (somewhere) ba'iok, ba'ioka'i see Vtr ba'a= to swallow obj ba'itk N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba'itka-j, ba'itka-); pl: babaitk]: throat
ex: ba'itk 'o sko'ok. I have a sore throat. -- 'I 'apt o cu'aka ba'itka 'ab. You will slash his throat (him on his throat). -- hababaitk= their throats

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ba'ivc/ ba'ivckim 'i ba'ivc Vtr [Neutr: def ba'ivc. Correl: ba'ivc-k; immed: ba'ivc-ka-'i. Interr: ba'ivc-him]: to
get ahead of obj ex: 'I 'it(<'at) 'i ba'ivc. He is now ahead of me (he got ahead of me right here). -- 'I 'int(< 'ant) 'i ba'ivc. I am now ahead of him -- Nt o 'i ba'ivc. I'll get ahead of him. --'A:pim, vo 'i ba'ivc g hemajkamga. You(pl) will get ahead of my people. -- 'Id 'o ho(<ha)ba'ivchim. He is getting ahead of them. -- elma 'a(<'o) haba'ivchim. He is almost ahead of them. -'I ba'ivchim. He is getting ahead of me. --Nt o m'ab hi: mant hekid o mei mapt 'an o 'i haba'ivchi. I'll bet on you when I see that you are getting ahead of everyone (in a race).

ba'ivc V reflex: to be so many minutes past the hour

ex: Hetasp minudo 'eba'ivc g gamai hemako. It's five minutes past eleven o'clock.

ba'ivcek Vtr : to get ahead of obj reiteratedly

ex: Cum hekid 'o 'i ba'ivcek. He always gets ahead of me. --'Id 'o 'i ba'ivcek. This fellow gets ahead of me each time.

ba'ivckim s- V subst tr: to wish, try to get ahead of obj

ex: Cum si 'i shaba'ivckim He is trying hard to get ahead of them.

ba'ivckim in ba'ivckim ... mo ha'icu/hema Adv Expr: more ... than

something/someone (same as ba'ic 'i .mo ha'icu/hema) ex : Noiga 'o skegaj ba'ivckim mo g moiga. My horse is better than your horse.

ba'ivckim 'i Adv Expr: the most, the best

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ba'ivckim 'i Jio-pionag. He is the best servant of God. --D(<vu) 'o ba'ivckim 'i cum Jio-pionag. He used to be the best servant of God.

ba'ivckim 'i Postp Expr: more than obj (same as ba'ic 'i)
ex: 'Am hu hema ke:k mo ba'ivckim 'i gevkdag. There stands someone who has more strength than me. -- Heg'i gevkdaj ba'ivckim 'i cum sgevk. His strength used to be greater than mine. [ves] haba'ivckim 'i Postp Expr: the most, greatest of all (same as [ves] haba'ic 'i) ex: 'Id 'o haba'ivckim 'i ge'ej mo ves g a'i. This is the biggest of all the weeds.-- Ves haba'ivckim skeg 'o'ohoag. It has the best design of them all.

ba'ivckim 'i Stat Expr [Neutr: def ba'ivckim 'i=k. Interr: ba'ivckim 'i=ka-him] : to be
more, greater than ex: ..c ababa ba'ivckim 'i. ..but he is greater than me. -- Hega'i gevkdaj ba'ivckim 'i. His strength is greater than mine.

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ba:[-]/ ba:bag ba:-

ba:[-] Pr (interrogative): where? (see also heba'i)

ex: Ba: 'o hega'i vack? Where is that charco? -- Ba: 'o u:dag? Where is there water? -Ba: 'o ka:c g koto? Where is (lying) my shirt? --Ba: 'o ve:c g nu:k? Where are my shoes? -- Ba: hab u Santa-Rosa? In what kind of place is Santa Rosa? -- Ba:p u 'amjekam? Where are you(sg) from? -- Ba:m u ki:kam? Where are you(pl) residents? -- Ba: 'a(<'o) va 'i me? How far has he gotten (where exactly is he running/driving)? -Ba: 'o 'amje him? Where does he come from? -- Ba:p 'amje him? Where do you(sg) come from? -- Ba:pt hab vi'i g tova-mo'o-hido? Where is the cooked turkey head that you saved for me? -- Ba:pt hi:? Where did you go? -- Ba:pt o hi:? Where will you(sg) go? -- Ba:pt o 'i hu? Where will you(sg) get off? -- Ba:mt o 'i huhu? Where will you(pl) get off? --'A ba:pt g tova mu'ak 'i a(<va) 'u'apa? When on earth did you ever bring here a turkey that you had killed? -- Ba:mt hu vo vo:pk hab cu'ijig? Where are you(pl) running like that? -- Ba:pt ce:? Where did you put it? - Ba:pt ce: g s'uam koto? Where did you put my yellow shirt? -- Ba:nt hab o dai? In what kind of a place shall I put it (in a sitting position)?

ba: see Vtr ba'a= to swallow obj ba:b see Vintr ba:bhe= to ripen ba:b (dial ba'a) N inalien indiv [sg (1rst pers sg -ba:ba'a; 3rd pers sg ba:ba-j); pl:
ba:ba'a/ ba:bab]: mother's father; mother's father's elder brother (the reciprocal term is ba'ama)

ba:b vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ba:ba'a]: to be somebody's mother's father, mother's
father's brother ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ba:b. He is my mother's father/my mother's father's brother.

ba:bab see N ba:b= mother's father; mother's father's brother ba:bagim s-Adv: slowly
ex: Sba:bagim 'a cikpan. I work slowly. -- Gm hu sba:bagim o himad! Be walking slowly (as you go over there)!

ba:bag s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-ba:bag; def s-ba:bag=k. Dur: s-ba:bag=ka-d. Interr: sba:bag=ka-him]: to be slow ex: Heg 'o sba:bag. He is slow. Hegam 'o sba:bag. They are slow.

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ba:bag/ ba:bas cuhivi ba:bag s- Mod : slow

ex: Sba:bag iokdam 'o'odham= a slow speaker sba:bag himdam 'o'odham= a slow walker sba:bag cikpandam 'o'odham= a slow worker 'A u sba:bag cikpandam. I am a slow worker. Heg 'o sba:bag cikpan. He works slowly. Pi 'i(<'a) ba:bag cikpan. I don't work slowly. Sba:bag g mel! Drive (you sg) slow! Sba:bag g o vo:po'i! Drive (you pl) slow! Himi sba:bag ! Walk slow!

ba:bamam 'e-N: a pair including mother's father/ mother's father's brother and
grandson ex:mat 'ab o a(<va) 'eciccvi g 'eba:bamam. ...grandfather and grandson are going to play against each other.

ba:bamam vu 'e- Stat Expr: to be a pair including mother's father/ mother's father's
brother and grandson to each other ex: D(< vu) 'ac tba:bamam. We are grandfather and grandson to each other.

ba:ban see N ban= coyote ba:banag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of coyotes in one location ba:ban-go:k NComp (?): name of a basket design (coyotes' footprints)
ex: Hega'i 'uv 'o'ohonahim 'o g ba:ban-go:k 'ehua 'ab. That woman is making a ba:bango:k design on her basket.

ba:banma see Stat s-banma = to be greedy ba:banmakam see N subst s-banmakam= greedy one, glutton ba:banmakam see Stat Expr vu s-banmakam= to be a glutton ba:baim see Vintr ba:baime= to crawl on all fours ba:baime Vintr pls (for sgs see ba:ime) [Neutr : def ba:baim; hort and indef
ba:baime]: to crawl on all fours (same as ba:iop)

ba:baimet Vintr pls (for sgs see ba:imet) [Neutr: def ba:imet. Interr :
ba:baimeta-him]: to become able to crawl on all fours

ba:bas (Span: papas) N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg -ba:bas=ga); distr: babbas] : potatoes
ex: Ha'i bia g ba:bas! Dish out some potatoes (boiled potatoes)! Ba:bas maptk 'am manjukc'e hido, a 'i s'i'ov. Your fried potatoes (potatoes cooked in lard) are real good.

ba:bas cuhivi NExpr (?) mass: mashed potatoes

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ba:bas-hido/ ba:bhaigid ba:bas-hido NComp inalien mass [3rd pers sg ba:bas-hidoa-j]: potato stew
ex: Ha bi:d g ba:bas-hido! Dish out some potato stew for me! Ba:bas-hidoaj a 'i s'i'ov. Her potato stew is real delicious.

ba:basig Stat impers Unit: there are potatoes in a single location

ex: No 'o m(<'am) ba:basig 'am tiannat'am. Are there potatoes at the store?

ba:basig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of potatoes in a single location.

ex: Sba:basig 'o 'am 'oidagc'e. There are lots of potatoes in the field.

ba:bas-pool N Comp inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg ba:bas-pooli-j]: boiled potato(es)

ex: Ha'i bi:d g ba:bas-pool! Dish out some boiled potatoes for me!

ba:bavig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-bavig): to be full of tepary beans in
several locations

ba:bav see N bav= tepary beans ba:ba'a see N ba:b= mother's father, mother's father's brother ba:ba'a see Stat Expr vu ba:b= to be smb's mother's father/ mother's father's brother ba:ba'aba see N ba'aba= deceased mother's father/ mother's father's brother ba:ba'ag see N ba'ag= golden eagle ba:ba'ag (dial: s-babag) s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of golden eagles in one location ba:ba'agcud V reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ba'agcud) [Neutr: def 'e-ba:ba'agc; hort 'eba:ba'agcud]: to turn into eagles

ba:bha see Vintr ba:bhe= to ripen ba:bhai see V tr ba:bhiam= to put, pack, pile, obj in various places ba:bhai see N bahi= tail ba:bhai see Stat ba[h]i= to have a tail ba:bhai (met of *ba:bahi) N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg ba:bhai-j]: tail feathers of a bird
ex: k 'ai g ba:bhaij g hikvig. and it (the water) reached the tail feathers of the woodpecker.

ba:bhaigid V reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-bahigid) [Neutr: def 'e-ba:bhaig; hort and
indef 'e-ba:bhaigid]: to wag one's tail ex: 'Eba:bhaigid 'o. They wag their tails.

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ba:bhe/ ba:mud ba:bhe/ ba:bha Vintr Distr (for Unit see baha) [Neutr: def ba:b. lnterr: ba:bhe-him/
ba:bha-him]: to ripen ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) o ba:b g ha'e''es. Soon their respective crops will ripen. Ba:bhehim/ ba:bhahim 'o. They are getting ripe (here and there).

ba:bhiam see N ba'iham= container full of ba:bhiam (met of *ba:biham) Vtr Distr (for Unit see ba'iham; for Repet see babaiham) [Neutr: def ba:bhai; hort ba:bhiam. Dur: ba:bhiama-d. lnterr: ba:bhiamahim]: to put, pack, pile obj in various places ex: 'am ba:bhai matp 'am 'i bai hega'i ha:hagaj. he/they packed its leaves whenever they ripened. Ki:kc'e haba:bhai. He piled them into several houses.

ba:b keli N Expr inalien [1rst pers sg -ba:b keli; 3rd pers sg ba:ba-j keli]: mother's
father's elder brother (also called simply ba:b; the reciprocal term is ba'ama)

ba:bma see N ba'ama= daughter's child, brother's daughter's child ba:bmakam see Stat Expr vu ba'amakam = to be one with a grandchild ba:bma-'o'og see NComp ba'ama-'o:g= son-in-law; father-in-law, father-inlaw's brother

ba:b 'oks N Expr inalien [1rst pers sg -ba:b 'oks; 3rd pers sg ba:ba-j 'ok]: mother's
father's sister (the reciprocal term is ba'ama)

ba:ji see hebaiji ba:k, ba:ka'i see Vintr baha= to ripen ba:kam (contr of *bahakam) in ha'icu ba:kam N Expr: harvest time, time when
things are ripe nala -ba:kam NComp (?): orange season (time when oranges are ripe)

ba:kam vu Stat Expr: to be a ripe one

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) ba:kam. This is a ripe one.

ba:mud Vtr Unit (for Repet see babmud) [Neutr: def and hort ba:mud. Dur: ba:mudad. lnterr: ba:muda-him]: to ask obj to give a hand ex: Nt o ho(<ha)ba:mud t(<kut) o hi:k g pilkaga. I'll ask them to give me a hand in cutting my wheat. --ba:mudahim 'o. He used to ask me to give him a hand. M g ab 'i ba:mudad! Keep on asking him to give a hand!

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ba:im/ ba:o ba:im see Vintr ba:nime= to crawl on all fours ba:ime Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see ba:baime and ba:iop) [Neutr: def ba:im;
hort and indef ba:ime. Correl: ba:ime-k; immed: ba:ime-ka-'i]: to crawl on all fours ex: Pt o 'i ba:im mi:sa veco. (You will) crawl under the table. M(<'am) g 'i ba:ime kolai veco! Crawl under the fence! 'Ali 'am 'o ba:ime jevu da:m. The child is crawling on the ground. M(<'am) g eid, m'am hu ba:ime mvui. Look at him, he is crawling towards you! 'I ba:imek 'am be:'i! Crawl and get it!

ba:imet Vintr sgs (for pls see ba:baimet) [Neutr: def ba:imet. Interr:
ba:imeta-him]: to become able to crawl on all fours (same as ba:imelt) ex: Ba:imet 'at. He can crawl. Ba:imetahim 'o. He is becoming able to crawl.

ba:imelt Vintr sgs: to become able to crawl on all fours (same as ba:imet) ba:io see V intr ba:iop= to crawl on all fours ba:iop Vintr pls (for sgs see ba:ime) [Neutr: def ba:io; hort and indef ba:iop.
Correl: ba:iop-k; immed: ba:iop-ka-'i]: to crawl on all fours (same as ba:baime) ex: Mt o 'i ba:io mi:sa veco! (You pl will) crawl under the table! -- M(< 'am) g o 'i ba:iop kolai veco! (You pl) crawl under the fence!-- 'Idam 'o cum hekid ab ba:iop. These crawl on all fours all the time. -- M g o 'i ba:iopk 'am o ho(<ha)'ui. (You pl) crawl there and get them!

ba:iopdam see N subst ba:imedam= one who crawls, a crawler ba:iopdam see Stat Expr vu ba:imedam= to be a crawler ba:medam N sg [pl: ba:iopdam]: one who crawls, a crawler ba:medam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ba:iopdam]: to be one who crawls, a
crawler ex: Hega'i viappoi 'o (<vu) ba:imedam. That boy is a crawler.

ba:o N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba:o-j, ba:o-); pl: babo]: chest
ex: 'an ba:o 'an = on his chest

ba:o Postp [distr: babo]: in front of obj ba:odag N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ba:odaga-j); pl: babodag]: apron

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bebbec/ bebedek be-

bebbec semi Stat tr Repet [Neutr: def, hort and indef bebbec. Dur: bebbeci-d. Interr:
bebbec=ka-him]: to take object along with oneself repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'i bebbec g 'edaiku. He always brings his own chair along. -- Cum hekid 'ant o mbebbecid. I will take you along every time. -- Cum hekid 'a bebbeckahim g glasses. I used to take my glasses along every time.

bebbhe Vtr Repet (for Unit see behe; for Distr see be:bhe) sgo (for plo see 'u''u)
[Neutr: indef bebbhe. Interr: bebbe-him. Dur: bebb[h]e-d: to get obj repeatedly ex: Cum 'a hekid 'am bebbhe g bid. I get clay there all the time. -- 'ab cum 'al bebbhe. He tried (hearsay) repeatedly to get some of it. -- Pi 'i(<'a) hekid hema a 'i bebbhe mat o ncikpanac. I never get anybody to work for me. -- Hek 'ac hu bebbhe g ha:a-bahidag c hemu pi behe. We used to get saguaro fruit pulp repeatedly (every summer) but now we don't. -- Mo hekid 'i a jijivha g Kenneth 'an bebbhe g ya:v ma 'an ceckac gm hu hihhim. Every time Kenneth comes here he gets the key where I put it as I go out. --Hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i mbebbhe? Who brings you here (every day)? --K hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i bebbhe g m'aliga? Who brings your child here (every day)? -- Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'i bebbhe. He brings him here (every day).-- Vat o bebbhed g 'ali. She'll get a child (every year). - Hek 'a hu 'am 'i bebbehim g gogs noiga c hemu 'am hu haha pi 'o beka'i. I used to take my dog every time but now I don't bring him. -- Tp 'in aha(<haha) 'i cum bebbehi 'ep g Ban. Then Coyote tried repeatedly to get a hold of him but to no avail. novi-bebbhe VComp tr: to shake hands with obj ex : Hanovi-bebbhe g hemajkam. He shakes hands with the people. -- Ha-gnovi-bebbhe! Shake hands with them!

bebbhe Vreflex impers Repet: to take a certain amount of time

ex: Ta 'ebebbhe 'i:da'a je:gida. This story (each time it is told) takes a long time.

bebb[h]edam in ha'icu bebb[h]edam NExpr: one whose job is to get something

repeatedly bo:l-bebb[h]edam NComp(?): catcher in baseball

bebbheid (met of *bebbehid) Vdtr Repet (for Unit see behid; for Distr see be:b[h]eid) sgo [Neutr: indef bebbheid]: to get obj for somebody repeatedly
ex: Hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i mbebbheid g bid? Who brings you the clay (every time)?

bebedek Vintr [Neutr: indef bebedek]: to rumble, thunder reiteratedly

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bebedk/ behe bebedk Vintr [Interr: bebedk[i]-him]: to thunder clash once

ex: B(<'ab) 'o bebedkhim. It is thundering (coming toward speaker's point of reference).

begi Part: well (similar to ia)

ex : Begi 'amje hab u Bi:t Vavhai b(<hab) 'o 'a'aga 'ama'i. Well, since then it is called Bi:t Vavhai down there.

behe Vtr Unit (for Repet see bebbhe; for Distr see be:bhe) sgo (for plo see 'u'u)
[Neutr: def bei; imper sgs behi-, pls behi-vo; hort be:[-'i]; indef behe. Correl: be-k; immed: be-ka-'i; imper pls be-ka-'i-o Compl: behi-ok; immed: behi-oka-'i. Interr: bei-him. Dur: behe-d]: to get obj ex: 'I be:'i g 'asu:gal! Pass the sugar! -- 'I be:'i 'i:ya'a! Get it here!-- 'I be: g pan! Pass (bring) the bread! -- 'I be: g 'uv! Bring the woman! -- B(<'ab) g o 'i be: g viv! You(pl), pass the tobacco! -- 'I be:'i Cuk-on vui! Take me to Tuscon!-- M(<'am) g be:'i 'i(<'e)ve:gaj! Get him behind you! -- Ba'icu g be:'i! Choke him (get him by the throat)! -- Nt o ho (<ha) bei g cu'i. I'll get some flour. -- Nt o bei g bus. I'll get my bus.-- Tt o bei g tbus. We'll get our bus. -- Nt o she:kigkad mantp o bei g cikpan. I'll be happy if I get a job.-- Nt o bei t(<kut) o ncikpanac. I'll get him to work for me.-- Nt 'a:i'i vo va si mbei. I will hold you tight. -- Si g be:'i! Hold it/him tight! -- M(<'am) 'at o 'i bei g 'ali. She is going to give birth to a child. -- Napt a(<va) s'apcu 'am bei? Did you(sg) pick the right one? -- S'apcu g 'am be:'i! Pick the right one! -- M(<'am) 'ant o 'i bei g 'o'ohon Sisters haki: vui. I will take the book to the Sisters' house.-- Napt bei g 'ailo? Did you get the ring? -- Napt o 'u:pam bei? Do you want to get it back? -- Va'uppac beihim. He is pulling it (the rope) hand over hand. -- Beihim 'o g bahidaj. She is picking saguaro fruit pulp (leaving the peelings on the spot).-- 'A beihim g tok. I am picking cotton.-- Hek 'ac hu beihimc hemu pi behe. We used to gather it (cotton, saguaro fruit pulp) but now we don't. -- N(<'an) g o 'i beihim! You(pl) get a hold of it! --Tt o 'i beihi. Let's get a hold of it!-- Tt o 'i beihimk o 'i 'u'ic gm hu. Let's get a hold of it and carry it over there.-- 'am hihi g 'al hiopc k 'i beihi g mamaho k cekidahim. The kind of termites went there (hearsay) and gathered the scum and put it there for him.-- Kuc 'an behekc sisto'olt. We gather it (saguaro fruit pulp) and make syrup. -- Pi 'i(< 'a) hekid behe g cikpan 'i:ya'a. I never get a job here. -- Nt o behed g tok. I'll be picking cotton. -- M g ab a(<va) 'i behed g bid. Keep on getting mud! -- 'I beka'i! Bring it here! -- M g hu beka'i! Take it over there! --B(<'ab) g 'i bek! Bring it over here! -- Beka'i g 'ehuaom! Take your purse along! -- Beka'io! (You pl), take it along with you! -- Napt 'i bek g 'ema:gina? Did you bring your car along? -- M 'att ab o a(<va) hihi beka'i! Let's just take it along and go. -- 'I behioka'i! Bring it to me! - 'am 'i behiok 'am 'i bei. ...having gotten it he took it there. ba'icu-behe VComp Unit: to choke obj s'ap behe g 'ali VExpr: to raise a child well ex: S'ap g be:'i g 'ali! Raise the child well!

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behe/ behidag behe Vtr impers [Neutr: def bei]: to require a certain amount of time
ex: Gi'ik scuhugam 'at 'an o bei 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. This story will take four nights.-'I:da'a je:gida ta 'an o tbei. This story will take us a long time.

behe Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-be:bhe) sgs [Neutr: def 'e-bei; hort 'e-be:[-'i].
Correl: 'e-be-k; immed: 'e-be-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-bei-him]: to get a hold on/of something with locative expressed or implied ex: Nt o bei. I'll hold myself.-- N(<'an) si 'i(<'e)be:'i! Hold yourself tight ! -- 'Ebeihim 'ab vijinat'ab c 'i huhim. He is sliding down the rope (he is holding himself to the rope and going down). -- Nt o beihi 'ab vijinat'ab. I'll be holding myself to the rope (and letting go). -- Nt o beihimk o 'i ce 'ab kuit'ab. I'll haul myself up on the tree (I'll climb on the tree having been holding myself to it). -- N(<'an) g 'ebek! Hold on (to something)!

behedam in ha'icu behedam subst NExpr aggreg: one(s) whose job is to get, pick
something (mass noun) toki-behedam subst NComp(?) aggreg: cotton picker(s) (also called tok habehiddam)

behid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see bebb[h]eid; for Distr see be:b[h]eid) sgo (for plo see 'u'id) [Neutr: def behi; hort and indef behid. Correl: behid-k; immed: behid-ka-'i.
Compl: behid-ok; immed: behid-oka-'i. Interr: behida-him. Dur: behida-d]: to get obj for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) mbehi. I'll definitely get it for you. -- M(<'am) g behid! (please) get it for me! -- behidka'i! Bring it for me! -- 'I behidk hega'i! Bring me that one! -- 'I ha behidk g cu'i! Bring me some flour! -- Ha-'a(<'o)-behid g tok 'am Casa-Grandet'am. He is picking cotton for somebody in Casa Grande. -- Gm 'ac hu habehidahim g tok. We have been picking cotton for somebody over there.

behid Vreflex tr sgo [Neutr: def 'e-behi]: to get obj for oneself
ex: Hema 'ant behi g 'ipu mo snamkig. I got myself a dress that is expensive.

behidag s- Stat tr sgo (for plo see s-'u'idag): to be good at getting obj
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) behidag g tok. I am not good at picking cotton. -- Cum 'a sbehidagkahim g toki. I used to be good at picking cotton.

behidam see Vtr behidame= to go and get obj for somebody behidame Vdtr Unit (for Repet see behimdamme) sgs (for pls see behidop) sgo (for plo see 'u'idame) [Neutr: def behidam; behidame]: to go and get obj for
somebody ex: Nt o ho(<ha)behidam. I'll go and pick it (cotton) for somebody.

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behidam/ behime behidamme Vdtr Repet (for Unit see behidame) sgs and sgo [Neutr: indef
behidamme]: to go and get obj repeatedly for somebody ex: Hei(<hea'i) 'am mbehidamme g bid? Who goes and gets clay for you?

behiddam in ha'icu ha-behiddam NExpr: one(s) whose job is to pick something

for somebody. toki habehiddam NExpr aggreg: cotton picker(s) (also called toki behedam)

behidkam in ha'icu s-behidkam NExpr: good at getting, picking, something behidkam vu s-Stat Expr tr: to be one who is good at picking something ex:
Heg 'o (<vu) sbehidkam g tok. He is one who is good at picking cotton.

behidop Vdtr pls (for sgs see behidame) sgo [Neutr: def behido; hort behidop]: to
go and get obj for somebody ex: Tt o ho(<ha)behido. We'll go and get it (cotton) for somebody.

behijid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u'ijid): to get captured behim see Vtr behime= to go and get obj behim s- Vsubst tr sgo (for plo see s-'u'im): to wish to get obj
ex: Cum 'a sbehim hega'i kavyu. I would like to get that horse. -- Nap cum sbehim? Would you like to get it? -- g 'am 'ep cum sbehim hegam 'o'odham hega'i 'uv. Those fellows would like to get that woman again.

behima s- Vsubst tr sgo (for plo see s-'u'ima): to appear to have taken obj
ex: Nt 'am hab 'i sbehima. I thought I had taken it with me.

behime Vtr Unit (for Repet see behimme) sgs (for pls see behiop) sgo (for plo see 'u'ame) [Neutr: def behim; hort behime]: to go and get obj
ex: Nt o behim g bid. I'll go and get clay. -- M g ha behime g bid! (Why don't you sg) go and get some clay!

behimk s- Stat tr sgo (for plo see s-'u'imk): to want to get obj
ex: Mapp o sbehimk hega'i kavyiu k o nnamkid nt o mbehi. If you want to get that horse, after you pay me I'll get it for you.

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behimme/ beihim behimme Vtr sgs Repet (for Unit see behime) sgo [Neutr: indef behimmed]: to go and get obj repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'a 'am behimme g bid 'ama'i. I go and get clay there each time. behio see Vtr behiop= to go and get obj behiop Vtr pls (for sgs see behime) sgo (for plo see 'u'ame) [Neutr: def behio;
hort and indef behiop; imper behiop-o]: to go and get obj ex: Tt o behio g bid. We'll go and get clay. -- Mt aha(<haha) vo behio g bid! (You will) then go and get clay! -- Cum hekid 'ac 'am behiop g bid 'ama'i. We always go and get clay there. -- Behiopo g bid! Go and get clay! -- M g o ho(<ha) behiop g bid! Go and get some clay there!

behiopo Vtr pls (for sgs see behimme): to go and get obj again and again
ex: Cum hekid 'ac 'am behiopo g bid gm hu. We go and get clay there each time (we need some).

behi'ad Vtr masso (for plo see 'u'iad) sing (for mult see be:bheiad) [Neutr: def, hort
and indef behi'ad]: to get obj (such as flour) one after the other ex: 'am aha(<haha) vo behi'ad g cu'i k o papant. then (each one of you one after the other will) get the flour (left over from the feast) in order to make bread with it.

bei see Vtr behe= to get obj bei see Vreflex 'e-behe= to get a hold on/of something (somewhere) beic see Vtr beicug= to carry obj beicug (contr of *behicug) Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'icug) [Neutr: def beic, hort and indef
beicug. Dur: beicuga-d]: to carry obj, to take obj along ex: Nt o 'i beic g ma:gina k ga hu o vua t o 'o(<'e)kegc. I'll take my car there and leave it to be fixed. -- 'I 'atk 'i beic. He (evidently) took him there with him -- Napt 'i beic g 'ema:gina tianda vui? Did you take your car to the store? -- B(<'ab) g 'i beicug g 'edaiku! Bring your chair here! -- M(<'am) 'ant o 'i beic k 'am o mma:. I'll bring it (to you there) and will give it to you. -- Vat o a(<va) 'i beic gm hu 'eki: vui. He will take it over there to his own house. -- M g hu 'i beicug! Take it away (with you)! -- M g ab 'i beicugad! Carry it further along (about a song)!

beihim see Vtr behe= to get obj beiku in ha'icu beiku NExpr: instrument to get something with
toki-beiku[-ma:gina] NComp(?) inalien indiv [pl: toki-beiku-mamagina]: cotton picking machine

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bek/ be:b[h]eidop bek, beka'i see Vtr behe= to get obj bek, beka'i see Vreflex 'e-behe = to hold oneself onto something

be:-

be: see Vtr behe= to get obj be:bhe Vtr Distr (for Unit see behe; for Repet see bebbhe) sgo (for plo see 'u:'u)
[Neutr: def be:bhe]: to get, pick obj ex: Hehe'es 'amt 'i be:bhe g tok? How much cotton did each one of you pick? -- B(<'ab) aha(<haha) vo be:bhe g 'e'a'asugalga! Then, (each one of you will) bring your respective sugar! -- ...'am aha(<haha) vo be:bhe g cu'i. ...then (each one of you will) pick the flour (that is left). -- Tt o be:bhe g tbuses. We will get our respective buses.

be:bhe Vreflex Distr [Neutr: def 'e-be:b[h]e. Interr: 'e-be:b[h]e-him]: to hold oneself to
something ex: 'Ebe:behim 'ab vijinat'ab. Each one of them is holding himself to the rope.

be:bheiad (met of *be:behiad) Vtr masso (for plo see 'u'u'iad) mult (for sing see behi'ad) [Neutr: def, hort and indef be:bheiad]: to get obj (several types of entities, such
as flour, sugar) one after the other

be:bheid (met of *be:behid) Vdtr Distr (for Unit see behid) sgo (for plo see 'u:'uid)
[Neutr: def be:bheid]: to get obj for somebody ex: Mt o ho(<ha) be:bheid g tok. Each one of you will get me some cotton.

be:bheidame (met of *be:behidame) Vdtr Distr (for Unit sgs see behime)
[Neutr: def be:bheidam; hort and indef be:bheidame]: to go and get/ pick obj for somebody (same as be:b[h]eidop) ex: M g o hu habe:bheidame g tok! Each one of you, go and pick cotton for somebody over there! -- M 'ac hu habe:bheidame g tok. Each one of us usually goes and picks cotton for somebody over there.

be:b[h]eidop (met of *be:behidop) Vdtr Distr (for Unit sgs see behidame) [Neutr:
def be:bheido; hort be:bheidop]: to go and get, go and pick, obj for somebody (same as be:b[h]eidame) ex: M(<'am) 'at hu habe:bheido g tok. They went to pick cotton for somebody there.

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be:'i/bibbia be:'i see behe= to get obj

bi-

bia Vtr Unit (for Repet see bibbia; for Distr see bibbia) [Neutr: def bia; hort bia-'i;
imper sgs bia-, pls bia-vo. Correl: bia-k; immed: bia-ka-'i. Compl: bia-yok; immed: biayoka-'i. Interr: bia-him. Dur: bia-d]: to dish out obj (food from cooking pot into a serving plate called bi:ku), to scoop up obj (something mixed with water) ex: Nt o hema bia g ba:bas. I'll dish out a boiled potato. -- Nt o ha'i habia g ba:bas. I'll dish out a few boiled potatoes. -- Nt o ho(<ha) bia g ba:bas. I'll dish out some of the mashed potatoes. -- Nt o bia g ba:bas. I'll dish out the mashed potatoes.-- Nt o bia g mu:. I'll dish out the beans. -- M(<'am) g ha bia'i g mu:-hido! Dish out some beans (mashed)!-- Bia! Help yourself (dish it out)! -- Biavo! Help yourselves! -- Vo ho(<ha) bia g jevu. Scoop up some soil (mixed with water). -- Mu: 'o 'om(<'am) biahim. He is dishing out the beans. -- M(<'am) g ab 'i biad. Keep on dishing it out.

biacug Vtr sing (for mult see bibbiacug) [Neutr: def biac; hort biacug]: to carry obj
(such as a single variety of food) in a serving plate ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'ab o 'i biac. Soon she will bring a plateful of it -- 'I biacug! Bring a plateful of it!

biadam in hido-biadam subst NComp (?): one(s) whose job is to dish out food
from the cooking pot into a serving plate (at one feast).

biadam vu Stat Expr: to be one(s) whose job is to dish out (one kind of food)
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) biadam g mu:. He is the one who dishes out the beans.

bibbia Vtr Repet (for Unit see bia) [Neutr: indef bibbia Dur: bibbia-d. Interr: bibbiahim]: to dish out obj (food from cooking pot into a serving plate) repeatedly ex: Heg 'o bibbia g mu:. He is the one who dishes out the beans (mashed). -- M(<'am) 'a cum bibbiahim. I used to dish it out repeatedly.

bibbia Vtr Distr (for Unit see bia) [Neutr: def and hort bibbia; imper bibbia-yo]: to dish
out obj (food from the cooking pot into a serving plate) ex: Vo bibbia g 'emu:-hihidoga. Each one of you will dish out your respective beans (mashed) -- Bibbiayo! (You pl) help yourselves (various types of food)!

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bibbiacug/ bibidhunaku bibbiacug Vtr mult (for sing see biacug) [Neutr: def bibiac; hort bibiacug]: to carry
obj (such as various kinds of food) in serving dishes

bibbiadam in hihido-bibbiadam subst NComp (?): one(s) whose job is to dish

out food from the cooking pot into serving plates at feasts

bibbid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see bi:d and bibid) [Neutr: indef bibbid. Dur: bibbida-d]:
to put obj (various kinds of food) on plates for somebody repeatedly ex: Pt o ho(<ha)bibbidad! You(sg) will be serving them repeatedly!

bibbiddam (contr of *bibbidadam) in hihido habibbiddam NExpr: one whose

job is to put various kinds of food on plates for people at feast

bibhiag Vtr Repet (for Unit see bihag; for Distr see bi:bhiag) [Neutr: indef bibhiag]:
to coil, surround, corner obj repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'ac bibhiag. We surround him every time. -- 'An bibhiag g 'enov. He keeps wrapping something around his finger.

bibi see Vdtr bibid= to put food on a plate for somebody bibi see N bi:= food on a plate bibid see N bid= clay, mud; plaster bibid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see bibbid) plo or mult (for sgo or sing see bi:d) [Neutr:
def bibi; hort and indef bibid. Dur: bibida-d]: to put food on a plate for somebody ex: Nant 'am o 'om(<'em)bibi? Shall I serve you people (one type of food)? -- Nt o ho(<ha)bibi. I'll serve them (one kind of food). -- Nt o 'om(<'em)bibi g mu:. I'll serve the beans to you people. -- Nant 'am o ho(<ha) 'embibi? Shall I serve you people some of these various dishes?-- B(<'ab) g 'i ha tbibid! (Could you sg) serve us some of it (one kind of food)! -- Cum 'a hekid habibid. I serve food to people all the time. -- M(<'am) g ab 'i habibidad! Keep on serving them food! -- Nap cum habibidid g hihido? Did you serve food to people (during the feast)? -- Nant 'am o ho(<ha) mbibi 'i:da'a hihido? Shall I serve you(sg) some of these various dishes? -- Cum 'o hekid bibid. She serves me (various kinds of food) all the time.

bibidag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-bidag): to be full of clay, mud, plaster in
several locations

bibiddam (contr of *bibidadam) in hihido habibiddam subst NExpr: one(s)

whose job is to put food on plates for people once during one feast

bibidhunaku see N bidhunaku= instrument to spread paint or plaster

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bibidpaku/ bibsckimcud bibidpaku see N bidpaku= paint, plaster bibidpo see N bidpo= (quail's) topknot of feathers bibijim Vintr Repet (for Unit see bijim) sgs [Neutr: indef bibijim. Dur: bibijima-d]: to
go slowly past/around (with locative expressed or implied) repeatedly ex: 'In 'o bibijim cum hekid. He goes by here repeatedly (such as everyday). -- Pt o 'i bibijimad 'an ki: ve:gaj! Be going on the other side of the house repeatedly (such as several times in a row)!

bibijimid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bibijimid]: to run a relay race bibijjum Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bibijjum. Interr: 'e-bibijjum-him]: to make a design
with large wavy lines on oneself ex: 'in 'eno:nhai 'an 'ep 'etootajidk 'in 'ebibijjum. he also put white paint on his arms and made a pattern of wavy lines on himself (by running his fingers on his skin). -'Ebibijjumhim 'o. He is making a pattern of wavy lines on himself.

bibijjum s- Stat : to be full of wavy lines (as of a pattern or design)

ex: Vama 'o sbibijjum. (The pattern on) the snake is full of wavy lines.

bibiku see N bi:ku= serving plate bibis see Stat bi:s= to be dished out into a serving plate bibit see N bi:t= excrement bibolmad Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-bibolmad]: to make a design with small
wavy lines on oneself

bibsc see Vintr bibsck= to sneeze bibsck Vintr pls (for sgs see bisck) [Neutr: def bibsc; hort and indef bibisck]: to sneeze
ex: T o bibsc. They are going to sneeze. -- Hegam cum hekid bibsck. They sneeze constantly.

bibsckim see V subst intr s-bisckim= to feel like sneezing bibsckimcud s- Vtr impers plo (for sgo see s-bisckimcud) [Neutr: def s-bibsckimc;
indef s-bibsckimcud]: to make obj feel like sneezing ex: T o shabibsckimc. It will make them feel like sneezing.

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bibsckud/ bid bibsckud Vtr impers plo (for sgo see bisckud) [Neutr: def bibsckc; indef bibsckud]:
to make obj sneeze

bibtagi Vintr pls (for sgs see bi:tagi) [Neutr: def bibtagi. Interr: bibtagi-him]: to get
dirty, filthy

bibtagijid Vtr plo (for sgo see bi:tagijid) [Neutr: def bibtagij; hort and indef
bibtagijid]: to get obj dirty, filthy

bibtag see Adj s-bi:tag= filthy bibtag[] see Stat s-bi:tag[]= to be filthy bibtag[]cu see N s-bi:tag[]cu= dirty one bibtokoi see N bitokoi= pinacate (a beetle) bibtokoig s- Stat impers Distr (for unit see s-bitokoig): to be full of pinacates in
various locations

bibtov[] see Stat s-bitov[]= to smell of excrement bibtov[]cu see N subst s-bitov[]cu= one smelling of excrement bibtov[]kam see N subst s-bitov[]kam= one smelling of excrement bibtov[]kam see Stat Expr vu s-bitov[]kam= to be one smelling of excrement bibtva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see bitva) [Neutr: def, hort and indef bibtva. Correl:
bibtva-k; immed: bibtva-ka-'i. Compl: bibtva-yok. Compl immed: bibtva-yoka-'i]: to defecate ex: Bibtva 'o hegam. They defecate. -- T o bibtva hegam. They are going to defecate.

bibtv[a]yo Vintr pls [Neutr: def and hort bibtv[a]yo]: to go and defecate bibtviku see N bitviku= toilet, toilet bowl bid N alien mass [(1st pers sg -bid=ga); distr: bibid]: clay, mud, plaster
ex: g hu bidc'ea: down there in the mud -- Nt o behim g bid. I'll go after clay. toha-bid NComp alien mass: white clay (used for decorating the body) toha-bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: white clay (mixed with water) vegi-bid NComp alien mass: red clay (used in pottery) vegi-bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: red clay (mixed with water)

36

bidag/ bidhundam bidag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-bibidag): to be full of clay, mud, plaster in a
single location toha-bidag s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of white clay in a single location vegi-bidag s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of red clay in a single location

bidame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def bidam; hort bidame]: to go after clay (the
expression behime g bid is preferred nowadays)

bidga Stat: to have clay/ plaster

ex: Nap skeg bidga haha'a veheji? Do you have good clay for pots? toha-bidga StatComp: to have white clay vegi-bidga StatComp: to have red clay

bid-ha'u NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -bid-ha'u=ga); pl: bid-haha'u; distr: bidhauppu]: clay bowl ex: Tp 'am aha(<haha) vas g u:dag heg'ab hega'i bid-ha'u. Then he dipped out water with that clay bowl.

bid-ha'u vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu bid-haha'u]: to be a clay bowl bidhu see Vtr bidhun= to paint, plaster obj bidhun Vtr [Neutr: def bidhu; hort and indef bidhun; imper sgs bidhuna-. Correl:
bidhun-k; immed: bidhun-ka-'i. Compl: bidhun-ok; immed: bidhun-oka-'i. Dur: bidhunad. Interr: bidhuna-him]: to paint/ plaster obj ex: Nt o bidhu g ki:. I'll plaster/ paint my house. -- Bidhun 'a g ki:. I plaster/ paint my house. -- Nt o bidhunoka'ik o hi:. I'll finish painting it and I'll go. -- Tako 'o(<'a) bidhunahim g ki:. Yesterday I was painting/ plastering my house. -- Tt o 'i bidhunahi g ki:. Let's paint/ plaster the house (with interruptions).

bidhunaku N inalien indiv [pl: bibidhunaku]: instrument to spread paint or plaster

such as paint brush, trowel

bidhunas Stat [Neutr: indef bidhunas. Dur: bidhunas=ka-d. Interr: bidhunas=ka-him]:

to be painted/ plastered ex: Bidhunas 'o g ki:. My house is painted/ plastered. -- Cum 'o svegima bidhunas. It used to be painted red.

bidhundam (from Dur of Vtr bidhun) in ha'icu bidhundam NExpr: one whose
job it is to paint/ plaster something ki:k habidhundam NExpr aggreg: house painter(s)

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bidhu:/ bidp bidhu: see Vdtr bidhu:id= to paint/ plaster something for somebody bidhu:id Vdtr [Neutr: bidhu:; hort bidhu:id]: to paint/ plaster obj for somebody bidpig Vtr [Neutr: def bidp; hort and indef bidpig. Dur: bidpiga-d. Interr: bidpigahim]: to take the mud off obj (see also bidpi'ok) ex: Nt o 'i bidp g ma:gina. I'll take the mud off my car. -- 'I bidpig g 'eu:k! Take the mud off your shoes! -- Nt ab o 'i bidpigad. I'll keep on taking the mud off it. -Bidpigahim 'a. I have been taking the mud off it.

bidpigaku N inalien: a disc cleaner bidpi'o see Vtr bidpi'ok= to take the mud off obj bidpi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def bidpi'o]: to take the mud off obj (see also bidpig)
ex: Nt o bidpi'o g nu:k. I'll take the mud off my shoes.

bidpi'okid Vdtr [Neutr: def bidpi'ok; hort bidpi'okid]: to take the mud off obj for
somebody ex: 'I bidpi'okid! Take the mud off it for me!

bidpi'ok see bidpi'okid= to take the mud off obj for somebody bid see Vtr bidp= to paint/ dirty obj bid see Vreflex 'e-bidp= to get oneself full of mud, to get stuck in the mud bidp Vtr Unit (for Repet see bidap) [Neutr: def bid; indef bidp; imper sgs bidpa; hort bidp. Correl bidp-k; immed: bidp-ka-'i. Compl: bidp-ok; immed: bidp-oka-'i. Dur: bidpa-d. Interr: bidpa-him)]: to paint/ dirty obj ex: Pi g 'am hu da:dagad, pt o bid ! Don't put your fingers on it, you'll get it dirty! --Nt o bid g ki:. I'll paint my house.-- Pt o bid g 'ipu. You are going to dirty my skirt. -- Pi g 'am bidp g ki:! Don't paint the house!-- Bidp 'o g ki:. He paints my house. -- Nt o bidpad g ki:. I'll be painting my house.-- Tako 'o(<'a) bidpahim g ki:. Yesterday I was painting my house. -- Nt o 'i bidpahi g ki:. I'll be painting the house (with interruptions). -- Nt o bidpoka'ik o hi:. I'll finish painting it and I'll go.

bidp Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-bidap) [Neutr: def 'e-bid. Interr: 'e-bidpihim]: to get oneself full of mud, to get stuck in the mud ex : bid 'ant. I got stuck in the mud.-- Ntk o bid. I'll get stuck in the mud (evidential). -- Pi g 'am hu da:dagad, pt o 'o(<'e)bid ! Don't put your fingers on it, you'll get (your hand) dirty! -- bidpihim 'a. I am in the process of getting stuck in the mud.

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bidpaag/ bidap bidpaag N alien [(3rd pers sg bidpaa-j); distr: bibidpaag]: mud cover, paint,
plaster (on walls) ex : Pac g bidpaag ki: 'e. The paint/ plaster inside my house is spoiled. ki:-bidpaag NComp inalien [sg (1st pers sg: -ki:-bidpaag; 3rd pers sg ki:bidpaa-j); pl/distr: ki:k-bibidpaag]: mud cover, paint, plaster, on walls of a house

bidpaku N inalien [distr: bibidpaku]: paint, plaster

ex : a:p ma:s bidpaku hekaj? What kind of paint (plaster) are you(sg) using? -- Sveg bidpaku 'a hekaj. I am using red paint.

bidpi'o see Vtr bidpi'ok= to take paint (or anything glued to something) off obj bidpi'o see Vreflex 'e-bidpi'ok= to come off bidpi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def bidpi'o; hort and indef bidpi'ok]: to take paint (or anything
glued on to something) off obj ex : Bidpi'ok 'o g ma:gina. He is taking the paint off my car.

bidpi'ok Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bidpi'o. Interr: 'e-bidpi'oka-him]: to come off (about
anything that was glued or welded to something) ex: 'Ebidpi'o. It came off. - 'Ebidpi'okahim. It is coming off.

bidp see Vtr bidp= to paint, dirty obj bidp see Vreflex 'e-bidp= to get oneself full of mud bidpo/bidpo N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bidpo-j); pl: bididpo]: (quail's)
topknot of feathers ex: K has 'e'a'aga hega'i mo kakaicu mo'o da:m ge 'al ke:k? B(<hab) 'o 'o(<'e)'a'aga "bidpo". What is the name of that which kind of stands on top of the head of the quail? It is called "topknot".

bidpo/bidpo Stat sing: to have a topknot of feathers on the head

ex: Kakaicu 'o ge bidpo. A quail has something like a topknot of feathers

bidpoag Stat sing: to have a topknot of feathers (on the head) bidap Vtr Repet (for Unit see bidp) [Neutr: indef bidap. Dur: bidapa-d. Interr:
bidapa-him]: to paint, dirty obj repeatedly ex: Nt o bidapad g ki:. I'll be painting my house repeatedly (such as once a year).

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bidap/ bihagamcu bidap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-bidp): to get oneself full of mud/ stuck in the
mud repeatedly

bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: clay mixed with water (used in making pottery);
plaster

bid-va:ga StatComp: to have clay mixed with water, to have plaster biha see Vtr bihag= to coil, surround, corner, obj biha see Vreflex 'e-bihag= to coil oneself bihag Vtr Unit (for Repet see bibhiag; for Distr see bi:bhiag) [Neutr: def biha; indef
bihag; impers sgs bihaga-, pls bihag-o; hort bihag. Correl: bihag-k; immed: bihag-ka-'i. Compl: bihag-ok; immed bihag-oka-'i. Interr: bihag-him]: to coil, surround, corner, obj ex: Tt o biha. We will surround him (a horse). -- Tt o ho(<ha)biha. We will surround them (they are in one group). -- Hegam habiha g kakavyu. They surrounded the horses (they are in one group). -- Bihaga! Corner him (a horse)! -- Bihago! You(pl) surround him! -- N(<'an) g o bihag! (Why don't you pl) surround him! -- Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)bihag. You(pl), surround them (such as people in one group). -- Habihaghim g kakavyu. They are about to surround the horses. -- ia tsp 'am aha(<haha) 'i bihagk 'am aha(<haha) 'i cum hihi. Well, after they had surrounded him, they tried to walk toward him (mythological past).

bihag Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-biha. Correl: 'e-bihag-k. Interr: 'e-bihag-him]: to coil
oneself, to trip ex: 'Ebiha va:pkt'ab. It coiled itself around (on) the reeds. -- biha 'ant k 'i gei. I tripped and fell down.-- 'Ebihagk 'i gei. Having tripped, he fell down.

bihaga N: act of coiling, surrounding, cornering

ex: Nap sma:c g bihaga? Do you know how to coil?

bihagakam s- N subst sg [pl: s-bi:bhiagakam (met of *s-bi:bihagakam)]: one who

is good at surrounding, cornering, tripping

bihagakam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-bi:bhiagakam]: to be one who is good

at surrounding, cornering, tripping ex: Pi 'i(<'a) u sbihagakam. I am not good at surrounding.

bihagaku N inalien: a place used to corner an animal (such as one's horse) bihagamcu s- N subst sg [pl: s-bi:bhiagamcu (met of *s-bi:bihagamcu)]: one liking to
trip people

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bihagamcu/ bihivig bihagamcu vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-bi:bhiagamcu]: to be one liking to trip
people ex: Pi 'i(<'a) u sbihagamcu. I am not one liking to trip (people).

bihagc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-bihagc]: to have oneself coiled, wrapped
ex: Vama 'am 'ebihagc 'u:st'ab c ko:. The snake sleeps coiled around the stick

bihagag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-bi:bhiagag (met of *s-bi:bihagag)]: to be good at

surrounding, cornering, tripping ex: Heg 'o sbihagag. He is good at surrounding. -- Pi 'i bihagag. I am not good at surrounding.

bihagpi'o see Vtr bihagpi'ok= to uncoil, unwrap, obj bihagpi'o see Vreflex 'e-bihagpi'ok= to uncoil, unwrap, oneself bihagpi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def bihagpi'o; hort bihagpi'ok]: to uncoil, unwrap, obj bihagpi'ok Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bihagpi'o. Interr: 'e-bihagpi'oka-him]: to uncoil,
unwrap oneself ex: 'Am 'i ves 'ebihagpi'o. It (the snake) uncoiled itself completely. --..k heg 'am 'i 'i(<'e)bihagpi'okahi. ..and it (the snake) started to uncoil itself (with interruptions).

bihimam N subst sg [pl: bi:kam]: one who is constipated bihimam vu Stat sgs [pls: vu bi:kam]: to be one who is constipated
ex: Bihimam 'a u. I am constipated. -- Bi:kam 'ac u. We are constipated.

bihimdag N: constipation, dry stool bihivi see Vtr bihivig= to wrap around, bandage, obj (somewhere) bihivi see Vreflex 'e-bihivig= to wrap, coil. oneself (somewhere) bihivig Vtr Unit (for Distr see bi:bhivig) [Neutr: def bihivi; hort and indef bihivig.
Correl: bihivig-k; immed: bihivig-ka-'i. Compl: bihivig-ok; immed: bihivig-oka'-i]: to wrap, bandage, obj (somewhere) ex: Nt o bihivi 'an 'u:st'ab. I'll roll it around the stick. -- Nt o ho(<ha)bihivi 'an 'u:st'ab. I'll roll them around the stick. -- Nt o bihivi g hi:lo. I'll roll the thread around it (a spool). -N(<'an) g bihivig! Wrap it around! -- ...hekaj bihivig hega'i va:pk. ...with it (the snake's body) it envelopes the reeds. -- Hi:lo 'on(<'an) bihivig. She is rolling the thread around it (a spool). -- ...ha'icukaj bihivigk vo:dk 'am 'i na:to. ...after she has wrapped it around with something and laid it down she is through.

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bihivig/ bihugk bihivig Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bihivi]: to wrap, coil, oneself (somewhere)
ex: 'Ebihivi va:pkt'ab. It coiled itself around the reed(s).

bihivigaku N inalien indiv [pl: bi:bhivigaku]: instrument around which to wrap

something such as a spool

bihivigc semi Stat tr [Neutr: def and indef bihivigc. Dur: bihivigci-d. Interr:
bihivigc=ka-him]: to have obj wrapped, bandaged ex: N(<'an) 'apt ab o 'i bihivigcid. You will keep it wrapped/bandaged. -- He'es 'i ta 'an o bihivigicid? How long is he going to keep it wrapped/ bandaged?

bihugig N [instr: bihugig-kaj]: starvation, hunger

ex: Bihugig gego. Starvation strikes (falls) repeatedly. -- M(<'am) 'o 'ea g bihugig ka:c 'ea. There is (lies) starvation there at the moment. -- Heg 'at mu: g bihugigkaj. He died of (by means of) starvation.

bihugim Vintr Unit (for Repet see bihugimmuk) sgs (for pls see bihugko'o)
[Neutr: def bihugim. Interr: bihugim-him]: to get hungry, starved ex: Bihugim 'ant. I am hungry. -- a 'ant a(<va) 'i bihugim. I am quite hungry. -- Bihugim 'at k mu:. He died of starvation (he starved and died). -- ...cum 'as hebi(<heba'i) o bihugim. ...no matter how hungry he gets.-- Bihugimhim 'a. I am getting hungry.

bihugimcud Vtr impers sgo (for plo see bihugko'icud) [Neutr: def bihugimc; indef
bihugimcud]: to make obj get hungry ex: T o bihugimc. I'll get hungry (It will make me get hungry). -- Cum hekid bihugimcud. I am constantly hungry (It makes me hungry all the time).

bihugimkam N subst sg [pl: bihugko'ikam]: one with hunger bihugimkam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu bihugko'ikam]: to be one with hunger
ex: Cum hekid 'a u bihugimkam. I am always hungry. -- 'A:cim 'ac u bihugko'ikam. We are hungry.

bihugimma s-ta- Stat: to be hunger-producing

ex: She:p stabihugimma. Cold weather is hunger producing.

bihugimmuk Vintr Repet (for Unit see bihugim) sgs [Neutr: indef bihugimmuk]: to
get hungry, starved repeatedly

bihugk s-Stat [Neutr: def and indef s-bihug=k. Dur: s-bihug=ka-d. Interr: s-bihug=kahim]: to be hungry

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bihugk/ bijim
ex: Cum hekid 'a sbihugk. I am always hungry. -- Cum hekid 'ac sbihugk. We are always hungry. -- Cum 'ac sbihugk. We used to be hungry. -- Sbihugkahim 'ac. We have been hungry.

bihugk see Vintr bihugko'o= to get starved, hungry bihugkohim see Vintr bihugko'o= to get starved, hungry bihugko'icud Vtr impers plo (for sgo see bihugimcud) [Neutr: def bihugko'ic; indef
bihugko'icud]: to make obj get hungry, starved ex: T o tbihugko'ic. We'll get hungry (It will make us get hungry). -- Cum hekid tbihugko'icud. We are constantly hungry (It makes us hungry all the time).

bihugko'ikam see N subst bihugimkam= one with hunger bihugko'ikam see Stat Expr vu bihugimkam= to be one with hunger bihugko'o Vintr pls (for sgs see bihugim) [Neutr: def bihugk; indef bihugko'o. Interr:
bihugko-him]: to get starved, hungry ex: Cum 'alo 'ott(<'att) bihugk. We almost starved.-- Bihugkohim 'ac. We are starving. -B(<'ab) 'att 'i bihugkohi. We were starving (with interruptions).

bihug[s]talig N: hunger (Pima word, same as 'O'odham bihugig) bihul N aggreg: a plant (maybe peyote) bihulig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of bihul in a single location bij see Vintr bijim= to go slowly past (somewhere) bijim Vintr Unit (for Repet see bibijim) sgs (for pls see bi:bi[ji]m) [Neutr: def bij;
hort and indef bijim. Correl: bijim-k; immed: bijim-ka-'i. Compl: bijim-ok; immed: bijimoka-'i. Interr: bijim-him. Dur: bijima-d]: to go slowly past/ around (with locative complement specified or implied) once ex: Gi'ikho 'on(<'an) 'i bij ki: ve:gaj. Four times he went on the other side of the house.-N(<'an) 'at 'i bij ki: ve:gaj. He went on the other side of the house. -- Nt o 'i bij 'an ki: ve:gaj. I'll go on the other side of the house. -- 'In 'at bij. He went by here. -- N(<'an) g 'i bijim ki: ve:gaj. Go on the other side of the house. -- N(<'an) 'o bijimhim. He is going by. -- 'Atp 'am aha(<haha) 'i bijimhimk 'an 'i haeidahi. Then as he was going by there he noticed them. -- Sikol bijimhim 'o. It is slowly circling around and around (a search light). -- 'In 'ok bijimhim. He has been going all over the place here (there is evidence, such as footprints).-- T o sikol bijimad. He'll be going around and around.

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bijim[i]d/ bitokoi bijim[i]d Vtr sgs (for pls see bi:bim[i]d) [Neutr: def bijim; hort bijimid; imper sgs
bijimda-. Correl: bijim-k; immed: bijim-ka-'i]: to make obj go slowly past/ around (with locative complement specified or implied) ex: Nt o 'i mbijim 'an ki: ve:gaj. I'll take you(sg) on the other side of the house. -- 'An 'apt o bijim si:l-mo'o ve:gaj k o 'i va'u. (Why don't you sg) put it (the rope) around the saddle horn and pull it? -- 'I bijimid ki: ve:gaj! Take me on the other side of the house. -Sikol g bijimid. Make it go around in a circle!

bisc see Vintr bisck= to sneeze biscek Vintr [Neutr: indef biscek]: to sneeze reiteratedly bisck Vintr sgs (for pls see bibsk) [Neutr: def bisc; indef bisck; hort bisck[]. Dur:
biscka-d. Interr: biscka-him, bisck[i]-him]: to sneeze ex: Ntk o bisc. I am going to sneeze, I can tell.-- Pi g 'am bisck. Don't you sneeze! -M(<'am) g si bisck! Sneeze once and loud! -- Heg 'at o 'i bisckhi. He is the one who will sneeze (several times in a row). -- Nt o 'i bisckhi. I am going to sneeze (several times in a row). -- Cum hekid bisck. He sneezes constantly. -- Do: 'om(<'am) bisckahim? Who is the fellow who was sneezing all along? -- Pi g 'am bisckad. Don't be sneezing continually.

bisckc see Vtr impers bisckcud= to make obj sneeze bisckcud Vtr impers sgo (for plo see bibsckcud) [Neutr: def bisckc; indef bisckcud.
Interr: bisckcuda-him]: to make obj sneeze ex: Tk o bisckc. It's going to make me sneeze, I can tell. - Tk o nomaigudk ab 'i ge bisckcud. I must be getting a cold that I sneeze so much.

bisckim s- V subst intr sgs [pls: s-bibsckim]: to feel like sneezing

ex: Cum 'a sbisckim. I would like to sneeze.

bisckimc see Vtr impers s-bisckcud= to make obj feel like sneezing bisckimcud s-Vtr impers sgo (for plo see s-bibsckimcud) [Neutr: def s-bisckimc;
indef s-bisckimcud]: to make obj feel like sneezing ex: T o sbisckimc. It will make me feel like sneezing. -- Sbisckimcud 'o. It usually makes me feel like sneezing.

bitokoi (dial: bititoi) N indiv [pl: bibtokoi]: pinacate (a beetle, also called stink beetle
or black beetle) ex: Smu'ij g bibtokoi 'ama'i. There are lots of pinacates down there.

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bitokoig/ bi: bitokoig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-bibtokoig): to be full of pinacates in a
single location

bitov[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-bitov; def s-bitov=k. Dur: s-bitov=ka-d. Interr: sbitov=ka-him); pls: s-bibtov[]]: to smell of excrement ex: Heg 'o sbitov 'o'odham. That fellow smells of excrement.

bitov[]cu s- N subst sg [pl: s-bibtov[]cu]: one smelling of excrement (same as sbitov[]kam)

bitov[]kam s- N subst sg [pl: s-bibtov[]kam]: one smelling of excrement (same as sbitovcu)

bitov[]kam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-bibtov[]kam]: to be one smelling of

excrement ex: Heg 'o sbitovkam u 'o'odham. That fellow smells of excrement. -- Heg 'o sbitovkam u ha'icu. That thing smells of excrement.

bitva Vintr Unit (for Repet see bitvup) sgs (for pls see bibtva) [Neutr: def bi:b; hort
bi:bt; imper: bi:bta-. Correl: bi:bt-k/bitva-k; immed: bi:bt-ka-'i/bitva-ka'-i. Compl: bi:btok/ bitva-yok; immed: bi:bt-oka'-i/bitva-yoka-'i. Interr: bi:bta-him. Dur: bitva-d]: to defecate ex: T o bi:b. He is going to defecate (hearsay). -- Bi:bta! Defecate! -- Bi:btok! Defecate first! - Bi:btahim 'o. He is about to defecate. -- Bitva 'o. He is defecating. -- M g ab 'i bitvad. Keep on defecating! -- 'A kut has masma vo bitvadc hab cu'ig? But how is he going to defecate the way he is?

bitviku N inalien indiv [pl: bibtviku]: toilet, toilet bowl (same as bi:tku) bitvup Vintr Repet (for Unit see bitva) sgs [Neutr: indef bibtvupl]: to defecate

bi:-

bi: see Vdtr bi:d= to put obj (one kind of food) on a plate for somebody bi: N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bi:-j); pl/distr: bibi]: food on a plate
ex: Ha gei g 'o'ohia bi: 'e. Some sand fell in my food. -- B(<'ab) o 'i ha'u:'uk g 'ebibi. Each one of you will bring his (your) respective food (on a plate) here.

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bi:/ bi:bi[ji]m
mu: bi: NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: mu: -bi:; 3rd pers sg: mu: bi:-j)]: a plate of beans

bi:b see Vintr bitva= to defecate bi:bhia see Vtr bi:bhiag= to coil, surround, corner, obj in several places bi:bhiag (redupl of bihag) N aggreg: a creeper, morning glory bi:bhiag (met of *bi:bihag) Vtr Distr (for Unit see bihag; for Repet see bibhiag)
[Neutr: def bi:bhia; hort bi:bhiag]: to coil, surround, corner, obj in several places. ex: Habiha k o ho(<ha)bi:bhia g 'ekakkavyuga. They surrounded them (a group of horses) and each one of them cornered his horse (their respective horses). -- Tt o ho(<ha)bi:bhia. We will surround them (several groups of them). -- Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)bi:bhiag! (Why don't you pl) surround them (several groups)!

bi:bihiagakam see N subst s-bihagakam= one who is good at surrounding bi:bhiagakam see Stat Expr vu s-bihagakam= to be good at surrounding bi:bhiagamcu see N subst s-bihagamcu= one liking to trip people bi:bhiagag see Stat s-bihagag= to be good at surrounding, cornering, tripping bi:bhiva see Vtr bi:bhivag: to wrap, bandage obj bi:bhivag/bi:bhivig Vtr Distr (for Unit see bihivig) [Neutr: def bi:bhiva; hort and
indef bi:bhivag/ bi:bhivig. Correl: bi:bhivag-k; immed: bi:bhivag-ka-'i]: to wrap, bandage obj (somewhere) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)bi:bhiva 'an 'u:st'an. I'll wrap each one of them on a stick. -- N(<'an) g habi:bhivag/bi:bhivig! Wrap each one of them (around something)! -- Ha-'a-bi:bhivag /bi:bhivig. I am wrapping each one of them (around something).

bi:bhivigaku see N bihivigaku= spool bi:bij see Vintr bi:bi[ji]m= to go round slowly bi:bi[ji]m Vintr pls (for sgs see bijim) [Neutr: def bi:bij; hort and indef bi:bim.
Correl: bi:bim-k; immed: bi:bim-ka-'i. Compl: bi:bim-ok; immed: bi:bim-oka-'i. Dur: bi:bima-d. Interr: bi:bima-him/ bi:bim[i]-him/ bi:bij[i]-him]: to go slowly past, around (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: 'In 'at bi:bij. They went by here. -- Cum hekid o 'in bi:bij. They are going to go by here repeatedly. -- 'In ab 'i hama:s matk 'in bi:bij. Their tracks show that they went by here. -Do'ag m'an vava tt(<kutt) 'am o 'i bi:bij k 'am o dada 'ama'i. We'll go by the foot of the mountain range in order to get there. -- Gi'ikho 'on(<'an) 'i bi:bij ki: ve:gaj. Four times they went on the other side of the house. -- N(<'an) 'at 'i bi:bij ki: ve:gaj. They went on the other side of the house. -- Si'iskol bi:bijhim 'o. They are going in a circle (such as horses turning in circles). -- N(<'an) g o 'i bi:bim ki: ve:gaj. You people go on the other

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bi:bi[ji]m/ bi:c
side of the house. --N(<'an) 'o bi:bimhim. They are going all over the place around there. -- 'In 'ok bi:bim[a]him. Apparently they have been going all over the place around here (there is evidence, such as footprints). -- M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i si'iskol bi:bimad. They will keep on circling around and around.

bi:bim see Vtr bi:bim[i]d= to make obj go slowly bi:bim[i]d Vtr plo (for sgo see bijim[i]d) [Neutr: def bi:bim; hort bi:bimid]: to make
obj go slowly past, around (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Nt o 'i 'im(<'em)bi:bim 'an ki: ve:gaj. I'll take you on the other side of the house. -N(<'an) g 'i tbi:bimid ki: ve:gaj! Could you(sg) take us on the other side of the house?

bi:bt see Vintr bitva= to defecate bi:cug Vtr [Neutr: indef bi:cug]: to carry obj (one type of food) on one's plate
ex: Bi:cug g ha:l. He is carrying his plate of squash.

bi:d Vdtr Unit (for Repet see bibbid) sgo or sing (for plo or mult see bibid) [Neutr:
def bi:; hort bi:d. Correl bi:d-k; immed: bi:d-ka-'i. Compl: bi:d-ok; immed: bi:d-oka-'i]: to put obj (one type of food) on a plate for somebody ex: Nant 'am o mbi:? Shall I serve it to you(sg)? -- Nt o mbi: g mu:. I'll serve you(sg) beans. -- M(<'am) 'ant 'ep o ho(<ha) mbi:. I'll serve you some more of it. -- 'I ha bi:d g ba:bas-hido! Serve me some potato stew! -- Ha'i bi:d g ba:bas-po ol! Serve me some boiled potatoes!

bi:kam see N subst bihimam= one who is constipated bi:kam see Stat Expr vu bihimam= to be one who is constipated bi:ku N inalien indiv [pl: bibiku]: serving plate bi:s Stat sing [mult: bibis]: to be dished out (from the cooking pot onto a serving plate)
ex: Bi:s g ba:bas. The mashed potatoes are on the serving plate. -- Bi:s g ba:bas-pool. The boiled potatoes are on the serving plate. -- M(<'am) 'o bibis g hihido. The stews are in the serving plates.

bi: see Vtr bi:p= to corner obj bi:c semi Stat tr [Neutr: def and indef bi:c. Dur: bi:ci-d. Interr: bi:c=ka-him]: to have
obj cornered ex: bi:c 'o. He/they have me cornered. -- T o bi:cid. He/they will keep me cornered.

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bi:p/ bi:tku bi:p Vtr [Neutr: def bi: ; imper sgs bi:pa-, pls bi:p-o; hort bi:p]: to corner obj
ex: 'am habi: 'ama'i. they cornered them over there. -- Ha-g-o-ho(< ha)bi:p! (Why don't you pl) corner them!

bi:t N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: bi:ta-j); pl/distr: bibit]: excrement
haiva-bi:t NComp alien: cow manure kavyu-bi:t NComp alien: horse manure kanjul-bi:t NComp: candle drippings vuhi-bi:t NComp inalien: eye smear

bi:t in ha'icu bi:t Stat Expr: to have excrement of something

vuhi-bi:t Stat Comp: to have eye smear vuhi-bi:t s-Stat Comp: to have a lot of eye smear

bi:tagi Vintr sgs (for pls see bibtagi) [Neutr: def bi:tagi. Interr: bi:tagi-him]: to get
filthy, dirty ex: Vat o bi:tagi. He is going to get filthy. -- Bi:tagi ['it]. He/it is dirty (it got dirty). -Bi:tagihim 'o. He/it is getting filthy.

bi:tagijid Vtr sgo (for plo see bibtagijid) [Neutr: def bi:tagij; hort bi:tagijid]: to get
obj filthy ex: Pt o bi:tagij g 'ipu. You are going to get my skirt filthy. -- Pi g 'am bi:tagijid g 'ipu. Don't get my skirt filthy!

bi:tag s- Adj sg [pl s-bibtag]: filthy

ex: sbibtag na:nkam= one with filthy ears -- sbibtag no:nhaikam= one with filthy hands.

bi:tag[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-bi:tag; def s-bi:tag=k. Dur: s-bi:tag=ka-d. Interr: sbi:tag=ka-him); pls: s-bibtag[]]: to be filthy ex: Sbi:tag 'ap. You(sg) are filthy.

bi:tag[]cu s- N subst sg [pl: s-bibtagcu]: dirty one bi:tame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def bi:tam; hort bi:tame]: to go and defecate
ex: Nt o bi:tam. I'll go and defecate.

bi:tga in ha'icu bi:tga Stat Expr: to have manure of some kind

kavyu-bi:tga Stat Comp: to have horse manure kavyu-bi:tga s-Stat Comp: to have a lot of horse manure

bi:tku N: toilet (same as bitviku)

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bi: vi'idag/ bo:lop bi: vi'idag NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bi:-j vi'idag); pl: bibi vi:pi'idag]: leftover food (on one's plate) ex: M(<'am) g hu 'iava g bi:j vi'idag! Throw away his left-over food! -- M(<'am) g hu 'iava g habibi vi:pi'idag! Throw away their left overs!

bo-

bobol see N bo:l= ball

bo:-

bo:l (Engl: ball) N inalien indiv [pl: bobol]: ball

gevckva g bo:l VExpr: to play baseballl gevckvupdam-bo:l 'e-NComp: baseball ge'e-bo:l NComp: basketballl e'e-bo:l 'e-VComp reflex: to play basketball ta-bo:l 'e-VComp reflex: to play football

bo:l Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-bo:l]: to play ball

ex: Nt o bo:l. I'll play ball (with) myself. -- Tt o tbo:l. We'll play ball with each other.

bo:lame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see bo:lop) [Neutr: def bo:lam; hort bo:lame]: to go
and play ball against somebody ex: Nt o ho(<ha)bo:lam. I'll go and play ball against them.

bo:l-bebbhedam NComp: catcher in baseball (one who keeps catching the ball) bo:l-cicvidam NComp sing [mult: bo:l-ciccvidam]: ball player(s) of one team bo:l-cicviku NComp: ball park bo:lop Vtr pls (for sgs see bo:lame) [Neutr: def and hort bo:lo; indef bo:lop]: to go
and play ball against somebody ex: Tt o ho(<ha)bo:lo. We'll go and play ball against them.

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c/ ca:bom c, ca-

c, kc (after a vowel) Part: and (simultaneously), while, as

ex: haivaga kc heg haiva= my cow and his cow. -- 'a:pi'i kc hega'i= you and him. -'a:pim go:k c hega'i= you two and him. -- si:nko kc vestma:m= a nickle and a dime.-Hema u 'uv c hema u cioj. One is a girl and one is a boy. -- Hacikpaid g skakais c hekaj 'am gegusid. She works for the rich in order to feed me. -- Sto 'a c shapamac.They say that it is hot and that it makes them lazy. -- Pi 'o 'i hu ha heve 'i:ya'a kc 'oia hab sto. There is no breeze here, that is why it is hot. -- Na:to g pa:n kc 'am hi a(<va) e'e. She is singing while making bread (she is making bread and she is singing at the same time). -- Matp ve:c g mu'i lial ki: 'am c hegam 'am 'ep daha 'a'alidaj. There is a lot of money in his house and there are also those daughters of his -- 'I ke:k g mi:sa kc g ko:ba 'an daha da:m. Here stands a table and a glass is sitting on it. -- 'A s hascu u c ge 'al ce'ecev na:nk? What could it be with these longuish ears (oh what could it be and it has some kind of longuish ears)? -- Pion 'a u c cikpan. I am working as a laborer (I am a laborer and I am working).

ca g[o]va Vtr Unit (for Repet see ca g[o]vup) [Neutr: def and hort cagova]: to
imitate obj without having the ability to do so

ca g[o]vup (assim of *cagovap) Vtr Repet (for Unit see ca g[o]va) [Neutr: indef
cagovup. Dur: cagovupa-d]: to imitate obj repeatedly (without the ability to do so) ex: Pi g 'am ncagvupad! Don't be imitating me all the time!

ca:-

ca:bo N subst indiv [pl: cacabo]: one with short legs

ex: ca:bo kavyu= a short-legged horse -- ca:bo 'o'odham= a short-legged person

ca:bog Stat sgs [pls: cacabog]: to be short-legged

ex: Hega'i kavyu 'al ca:bog. That horse is kind of short-legged.

ca:bog s- Stat sgs [pls: s-cacabog]: to be very short-legged ex:

Hega'i kavyu 'o si sca:bog. That horse is very short-legged.

ca:bom s- Adv sg [pl: s-cacabom]: short-legged

ex: Hega'i kavyu 'o 'ol(<'al) sca:bom cu'ig. That horse is kind of short-legged.

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ca: go/ cece ca: go (Span: chango) N alien indiv [pl: cacago]: monkey (same as gogs-'o'odham)

ce-

cecce hab/has VExpr intr Distr (for Unit see hab/has ce'i-; for Repet see hab/has cece): to make, emit a certain sound, noise utterance cecceg Vtr Repet (for Unit see ce:ceg) [Neutr: indef cecceg; Dur: ceccega-d]: to call
out the name of obj repeatedly ex: B 'o mcecceg. He is calling out your name. -- Pt o ceccegad! Keep on calling out his name!

ceccia see N cehia= girl, daughter cecciaga see Stat cehiaga= to have a girl, a daughter ceciojma see Stat s-ceciojma= to be generous, noble ceck see Stat s-cek= to be rough cecka Vintr pls (for sgs see ceka) [Neutr: def cecka. Interr: cecka-him]: to
become rough[er]

cece hab/has VExpr intr Repet (for Unit see hab/has ce'e-) [Neutr: indef cece. Dur:
cece-d. Interr: cece-him] with hab: to make emit a single specified sound, noise, utterance repeatedly; with has: to make, emit a single unspecified sound, noise, utterance repeatedly ex: B(<hab) 'o cece. That is how he talks. -- Tp 'oia g hu hab cece hegam vi:piop 'am vui hega'i 'eka:k Thereafter these boys kept saying to their grandmother back there (at home) -- Nt ab o a 'i ceced. I'll keep on saying it. -- B(<hab) 'a cecedc oak. She kept repeating it as she was crying. -- t 'am hab vu:ak hab kaij mo 'on(<'an) hab cecedc si hi:nk. having gotten up and out (of the house) he (Coyote) made the sound which he always utters as he howls. -- hab cecehidc 'ab me. he keeps repeating that (with interruptions) as he runs (home). -- 'Ab hab 'i cecehi 'ep! There he is making those sounds again! --a:cu 'um(<'am) has cece? What is making those strange sounds over there? -M(< 'am) 'o ha'icu si has cece. There is something making strange noises over there. -- Koi 'o iokc ab hi a(<va) haha si has cece. He (the baby) does not speak yet, he only makes noises.-- Si has kaijc heba'i 'am si has cece. It (the water) sometimes makes a continuous noise (such as a river) and sometimes it makes repeated bursts of noise (such as waves).

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cece/ cecegi'a
hashu cece VExpr Repet (for Unit see hashu ce'e-): to make unintelligible noises repeatedly ex: T hekid 'am 'i tje:gidk hemho 'am hu ab hashu 'am cece. Every time he addresses us at a meeting (hearsay), he just talks nonsense. -- k 'am 'ep si hashu cece. and again they (the owls) made repeated unintelligible noises.

cece[a] Vintr pls (for sgs see ce[a]) [Neutr: def cece. Interr: cece[i]-him: to
make a thumping noise

cecega Vtr Repet (for Unit see ce:g-) [Neutr: indef cecega]: to find obj repeatedly
ex: Heg 'o pi iadc pi hekid ha'icu cecega 'am cum 'etahaedc. Not being observant he never finds that which he is being asked to get.

cecega Vtr [Neutr: indef cecega. Dur: cecega-d]: to visit with obj
ex: Ves domig 'i 'o daivc 'i a(< va) ncecega. Every Sunday they come here and visit with me. -- 'I 'o va ncecega. He/they visit with me.

cecega Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cecega. Dur: cecega-d. Interr: cecega-him]: to
look over, examine, obj ex: Ma:kai o ncecega. The doctor will examine me. -- Vo tcecega g ma:kai. The doctor will examine us. -- ...gn hu have:gaj 'ecu'avadk 'am hacecega. ...having grouped themselves around them (the corpses) they examine them. -- c hab 'evua mamt 'am o hacecegad ...and the thing for you(pl) to do is to examine them (the plants) constantly. -Nap 'ab cecegahim? Have you been examining it?

cecegaime Vreflex Unit sgs [Neutr: def 'e-cecegaim; hort 'e-cecegaime]: to go to an

examination (to be examined) ex: Nap 'ena:tokc mapt o 'o(<'e)cecegaim si'alim? Are you ready for your examination tomorrow? -- Nt o ncecegaim. I am on my way to take an examination.

cecegid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ce:gid) [Neutr: indef cecegid]: to show something to
someone repeatedly ex: 'I a daivc 'i a tcecegid matp hascu 'ab 'i ha'ab 'uli. They (constantly) come here and show us in what they excel.

cecegig see N ce:gig= name cecegig see Stat Expr hab ce:gig= to have a (certain) name cecegi'a Vreflex Distr [Neutr: indef 'e-cecegi'a]: to be fighting with one another in
various groups ex: 'E-'o-'ececegi'a. They are fighting here and there.

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cecegi'a/ cecemaitaku cecegi'a s- Vreflex Distr: to be fighting with one another here and there in many groups
ex: Gm hu ab 'i s'ececegi'a. Many groups of people are fighting over there.

cecegi'adam see N subst ha-cegi'adam= fighter, warrior, soldier cecegi'aag see N cegi'aag= fight, war cecegi'akam see N subst s-cegi'akam= one who is good at fighting cecekol see N ce:kol= squirrel cecekolig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ce:kolig): to be full of squirrels in
various locations

cecela Vtr mult (for sing see cela): to make, leave, broken scratches on obj in
several places

cecelan Vtr mult (for sing see celan): to scrape obj in several places with one stroke
each time ex: Si cecela g mi:sa. He scraped the table hard in several places.

cecela Vtr mult (for sing see cela ): to scrape obj in several places with reiterated
strokes each time

cecemai see Vtr cecemait= to make tortillas out of obj cecemaicud Vdtr [Neutr: def cecemaic; hort cecemaicud]: to make tortillas out of obj
for someone ex: Nt o ha'i mcecemaic. I'll make you(sg) a few tortillas with it.

cecemait see N cemait= tortilla cecemait in sgak-cecemait NComp aggreg: crackers cecemait Vtr [Neutr: def cecemai; hort cecemait]: to make tortillas out of obj
ex: Nt o ha'i cecemai. I'll make a few tortillas with it.

cecemait[a]dam N subst aggreg: tortilla maker(s) cecemaitaku N inalien aggreg: instrument(s) with which to make tortillas, such as
board and rolling pin

cecemamaig see N cemamaig= horned toad

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cecevagig/ cecigt[h]o cecevagig s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-cevagig): to be full of clouds in various
locations

cecevhidaku see N ce'evhidaku= blanket cece'uyo Vtr Distr (for Unit sgs see ce'uime; for Unit pls see ce'uyo) [Neutr: def
cece'uyo]: to go and pick obj one by one (such as people from various families picking acorns) viy:di-cece'uyo VComp Distr: to go and pick acorns

cec[h]iog see Stat cihog= there is a cave (somewhere) ceciaagig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see ciaagig): to be full of gila monsters in
several locations

ceciaag see N ciaag= gila monster cecia Vdtr Distr (for Unit see ciha) [Neutr: def cecia; hort cecia]: to ask, order, hire
people from different places to do something ex: Nt o ho(< ha)cecia. I'll hire people (from different villages) to do it.

cecig[]to (dial: ceceg[]to) Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ceg[]to) [Neutr: def 'ececigto]: to regain consciousness, to revive ex: 'Am 'i 'ececigto. They regained consciousness.-- Hegam ko'i 'u:pam o 'ececigto. The dead will revive.

cecigt[h]o (dial: cecegtho) Vtr Repet (for Unit see ceg[]to) [Neutr: indef
cecigtho]: to think about obj repeatedly (same as cecigtho ?) ex: M(<'am) 'a hi a(<va) ab a 'i cecigtho. I think about her again and again. pi cecigtho VExpr Repet: to forget (about) obj repeatedly ex: Cum 'a hekid pi cecigto ha'icu. I forgot something each time. -- M 'a hekid a cecigtoc g hu dadac hemho a(<va) jeva . Every time I forget to put it back in there (the refrigerator) it rots.

cecigt[h]o (dial: cecegtho) Vtr [Neutr: indef cecigtho ]: to think about obj
reiteratedly (same as cecigtho?) ex: M 'a hi a(<va) ab a 'i cecigto. I think about him/it again and again. -- Heba'i 'i(<'a) 'am hi a(<va) ab a 'i cecigto. I think about him/it sometimes.

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cecigtoicud/ ceckku cecigtoicud Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ceg[]toicud) [Neutr: indef cecigtoicud]: to
remind somebody of something ex: M 'ap 'i ncecigtoicud g ma. You keep reminding me of my child.

cecinoag N: post pole (see also cettonag) cecio see N ciho= cave cecioagi Vintr pls (for sgs see cioagi): to become rough, coarse cecioagid Vtr plo (for sgo see cioagid): to roughen obj cecioagijid Vtr/ dtr plo (for sgo see cioagijid) [Neutr: def cecioagij; hort
cecioagijid]: to roughen obj for someone

cecioag[] see Stat cioag[]= to be rough, coarse cecioj see N cioj= young male ceciojag see Stat ciojag= to be masculine ceciojig see Stat ciojig= to be masculine ceciojma s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ceciojma]: to be generous, noble, magnanimous
ex: Heg 'o sceciojma. He is generous. -- Hegam 'o sceciojma. They are generous.

ceciojmakam s- N subst: one who is generous, noble, magnanimous cecioj-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: fruits of one of the variety of prickly pear cactus (nav) ceciop see N ciop:= church cecka Vtr Repet (for Unit see ceka-; for Distr see ce:cka) [Neutr: indef cecka. Dur:
cecka-d. Interr: cecka-him]: to put obj somewhere repeatedly (used with mass and sg indiv nouns; with aggreg and pl indiv nouns see to'avup) ex: Cum hekid 'an 'a cecka. I always put it there.-- Gm 'a hu cecka jegk 'ea. I (always) put it outside. -- Mo hekid 'i a jijivha 'an bebbhe g ya:v ma 'an ceckac gm hu hihhim. Every time he gets here, he gets the key where I put it when I go out. -- Ba:pt o ceckad? Where will you keep putting it? -- Ba:p ceckahim? Where did you use to put it?

ceckaidag see Stat s-cekaidag= to be good of hearing, obedient ceckaidkam see N subst s-cekaidag= one who is good of hearing, obedient ceckku see N cekku= saucer

55

ceckan/ cecaj ceckan Vintr Repet (for Unit see cekan) sing: to draw one unbroken line repeatedly
ex: hab hi a(<va) o'ohonc 'ab ab ceckan. When asked to write he just scribbles (he just makes one unbroken line).

ceckan Vintr Distr (for Unit see cekan) sing (for mult see cecka ) [Neutr: def
cecka; hort and indef ceckan]: to draw one unbroken line in several locations

cecka Vintr Distr (for Unit see ceka) mult (for sing see ceckan): to draw
several unbroken lines in several locations

ceckvo see N cekvo:= ankle cecpa see N cepa= mortar cecpa[i]mag[] s- Stat: to be dotted, to have dots
ex: Scukuma scecpamag. It has black dots. -- Scukuma sce:dag stootakaj scecpamag. It is dark blue with white dots.

cecpa'aviag see Stat ce:pa'aviag= to be a promiscuous woman, a prostitute cecpa'avim see Adv s-ce:pa'avim= in a promiscuous fashion, whorishly cecpa'av see ce:pa'av= promiscuous woman, prostitute cecpa'av haki: NExpr: whore house
ex: cecpa'av haki: 'ea= inside the whore house

cecpa'av-hu: (pron: ccpa'avhi:) NComp alien aggreg: crazy corn cecpidaku see N ce:pidaku= pestle cecposid Vtr Distr (for Unit see ceposid) [Neutr: indef cecposid]: to brand obj (such
as cattle) ex: Hacecposid g 'ehahaivaga. They each brand their respective cattle.

cecposig see N ceposig= brand (on a cow) cecaj Vintr Repet (for Unit see cead-) sgs [Neutr: indef cecaj]: to rise repeatedly ex:
k 'ab 'i 'apec mo hemu 'ab 'i cecaj. and he is satisfied with (the place where) it (the sun) now rises.-- 'ab o nam g ta mo 'ab 'i cecaj 'i hu si'alig veco. (you will) meet the sun where it rises right here under the east. -- Ga hu ab kia 'i cecaj ga:j hu. It's full moon (the moon still rises over there).

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cecaj/ cekad cecaj Vtr Repet (for Unit see cead-) sgo [Neutr: indef cecaj. Interr: cecaj[i]-him]:
to climb on/in obj repeatedly ex: Ves domig a cecaj g kavyu c pasamame. Every Sunday I go horseback riding (I climb on a horse and take a ride). -- Cum 'a cecajihim. I used to climb on it every time.

ceco see N ceo= mountain sheep cecoig s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of mountain sheep in various locations cectto see N cetto= round rock formerly used to place pots on for cooking cecttonag see N cettonag= pole, post ce see Vintr ce[a]= to make a muffled, thumping noise cea N: falling star (?) ce[a] Vintr sgs (for pls see cece[a]) [Neutr: def ce. Correl: cea-k; immed:
cea-ka-'i. Interr: ce-him]: to make a muffled, thumping noise ex: heba'i 'im(<'am) o ge:k 'am o ce 'am. sometimes (I) will fall with a thumping noise. -- 'Ab 'o ha'icu cehim. There is something coming this way with a thumping noise. -- Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'ab o cehid g Paul. Soon there will be the sound of Paul's heavy footsteps coming this way. -- Ceak 'am o 'i huhug. After making a thumping noise it will disappear.

ce[a]id Vtr sgo [Neutr: def cea; indef ceid. Dur: ceida-d]: to make a muffled,
thumping noise with obj ex: Pi g 'am hu ceidad g 'eta! Don't be making a thumping noise with your foot!

cek s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-cek); pls: s-ceck]: to be rough (see also scioag[]) ex: No hi a(<va) scek g maccu? Is the metate rough (enough to be used)? -- M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a (<va) kia scek g maccu. The metate is still rough (enough to be used).

ceka Vintr sgs (for pls see cecka) [Neutr: def ceka. Interr: ceka-him]: to become
rough (see also cioagi)

ceka N inalien: rash on the body

ex: nceka= the rash on my body (my rash)

cekad Vtr sgo (for plo see ceckad): [Neutr: def and hort cekad]: to roughen obj
ex: Nt o 'i cekad g maccu. I am going to roughen my metate.

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cekalig/ cegi'adam cekalig N: rash (disease due to eating something that has been touched by a coyote) cekam s- Adv: rough, in a rough state
ex: Hega'i maccu 'o 'om(<'am) a(<va) scekam cu'ig. That metate seems to be rough (enough to be used).

ceke Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef ceke. Dur: ceke-d]: to make a muffled, thumping noise
reiteratively

ceid see Vtr ce[a]id= to make a muffled, thumping noise with obj ce[i]him see Vintr ce[a]= to make a muffled, thumping noise ceim (elis of* ceaim) s- Adv: with a muffled, thumping sound
ex: Si sceim da'a g 'i:bdag. My heart is thumping (beating with a thumping sound).

cegima s-Stat tr: to be interested in obj (see also s-ce:g[]c)

ex: Pi a 'i cegima. He/they are not at all interested in it.

cegi'a Vtr [Neutr: def, indef and hort cegi'a. Correl: cegi'a-k; immed: cegi'a-ka-'i. Dur:
cegi'a-d. Interr: cegi'a-him]: to fight with, against obj ex: Napt o ncegi'a? Do you(sg) intend to fight with me? -- B(<hab) 'o kaij nt pi 'im(<'am) hu o ho(<ha)cegi'a. He said I should not fight with anybody. -- Tt hig o ho(<ha)ce:gi'a! Let's have a fight with them!--Hema g o cegi'a! Let one of you have a fight with him! -- 'Oi g o hema ncegi'a. Go ahead, let one of you have a fight with me! -Pi g 'am hacegi'ad! Don't fight with people! -- Nap 'ep a(<va) hacegi'ahim? Have you been fighting with someone again? -- Nt o cegi'ak o sko'okam juioka'i. I'll fight with him until I have hurt him.

cegi'a Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-cecegi'a): to fight with each other
ve:maj 'e-cegi'a VExpr reflex: to fight with each other (two people) ex: Heg 'o ve:maj 'ecegi'a. They fight with each other. 'a'ai 'e-cegi'a VExpr reflex: to fight with one another (more than two people) ex: 'A'ai 'o 'ecegi'a. They fight with one another.

cegi'a N: fighting
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c ha'icu 'ab 'amje g cegi'a. I don't know anything about fighting.

cegi'adam ha- N sing [mult: ha-cecegi'adam]: a group of fighters, warriors, soldiers cegi'adam vu ha- Stat Expr: to be one of a group of warriors, soldiers
ex: D(<vu) 'o si hacegi'adam. He is a fierce warrior.

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cegi'aag/ ceg[]to cegi'aag N indiv [pl/distr: cecegi'aag]: fight, war cegi'aag s- Stat sgs: to be good at fighting cegi'akam s- N subst indiv [pl: s-cecegi'akam]: one who is good at fighting cegi'am s- V subst tr: to wish to have a fight with obj
ex: Cum 'o sncegi'am. He is trying to pick a fight with me.

cegi'am s-cu- Stat sgs: to be aggressive, to like to pick a fight

ex: Heg 'o a 'i scucegi'amk. He is quite aggressive

cegi'ame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see cegi'aio) [Neutr: def cegi'am; hort cegi'ame]: to
go and fight with obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)cegi'am. I am on my way to fight them.

cegi'am[e]am vu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu cegi'ayokam): to be one on his
way to fight obj ex: Heg 'o ncegi'amamc hab 'ejuncug. He moves like someone coming to fight me. -D(<vu) 'o cegi'amamc hab cu'ijig. He behaves like someone coming to fight me.

cegi'amkam s-cu- N subst indiv [pl: s-cu-cecegi'amkam]: one who is aggressive, who
likes to pick a fight

cegi'ayo Vtr pls (for sgs see cegi'ame) [Neutr: def cegi'ayo]: to go and fight with obj
ex: Tt o ho(<ha)cegi'ayo. We'll go and fight them.

cegi'ayokam vu Stat Expr pls (for sgs see vu cegi'am[e]am): to be ones on

their way to fight obj ex: D(vu) 'ok ge tcegi'ayokamc hab cu'ijig. It is quite apparent from their strange behavior that they are coming to fight us.

ceg[]to (elis of *cegtho) Vtr Unit (for Repet see cecigtho) [Neutr: def ceg[]to.
Correl: ceg[]to-k; immed: ceg[]to-ka-'i. Dur: ceg[]to-d. Interr: ceg[]to-him]: to think about obj ex: Pt gamai hu a(<va) ceka 'ant 'am haha 'i cegto. You were (already) way over there when I thought about it. -- a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'am cegto? What's on your mind? -- Heg 'a a(<va) ves 'am cegto. That is exactly what I have been thinking about all along. -- Ku g cum hekid 'am hi cegto hega'i. Kup 'ea pi 'am hu a 'i hacegto? I think about her all the time. What about you, don't you think about them at all? -- M g a(<va) cegtod! Keep me in your thoughts (keep thinking about me)! -- a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'am cegtohim? What

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ceg[]to/ ceg[]toicud
are you thinking about? -- Pi 'i(<'a) 'am hu cegtohim. I am not thinking about anything. -- Cum hekid 'a 'am cegtohim. I am thinking about him/her all the time. -Heg 'a a(<va) ves 'am cegtohim. That is exactly what I am thinking about. -- Nt o 'ipk 'am 'i cegtohi. Let me give it some thought first. -- Pt o 'i mamcek 'am o 'i cegtohi. Study the problem, give it some thought. ha'icu ceg[]to VExpr: to give thought, consideration, to something ex: Nt o 'ipk 'am ha'icu 'i cegto 'ob(<'ab) 'amje k haha vo 'em'a:g. Let me give it some thought before I tell you pl (my decision). -- ia nt 'am ha'icu 'i cegtok hab masma hab a 'i 'el matp u o 'i hega'ik mat a 'i hebhu hi:. Well, after giving it some thought, I came to suspect that it might be the one who had gotten lost. pi ceg[]to VExpr: to forget (about) obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) cegto. I forgot about it. -- Pi 'intk cegto mant o hi:. I forgot to go. -Pi g 'am ha'icu pi cegto! Don't forget anything!

ceg[]to Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-cecig[]to) [Neutr: def 'e-ceg[]to. Interr: 'eceg[]to-him]: to regain consciousness, to revive ex: 'At 'am 'i 'i(<'e)cegto hega'i. He regained consciousness. - 'Ecegtohim. He is about to regain consciousness.

ceg[]to s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-cegto; def s-cegto=k. Dur: s-cegto=ka-d. Interr: scegto=ka-him]: to remember obj ex: M 'a a(<va) scegto. I do remember it/him. -- Pi 'i(<'a) cegto. I don't remember (it/him). -- C 'ea 'ep ma pi 'am hu si scegto. But also it might be that I don't remember it (the story) perfectly. -- Mt o eidok o scegtok mat 'i'aji o gi'ik tak t o bai g 'e'es. After you(pl) have seen it you(pl) will remember that four days from now my crop will ripen. -- M g a(<va) sncegtok! Do remember me! --Vab o scegtokad hega'i mamt ab 'i scuhugamk o eia! Be sure to remember to wake up before dawn (when it's still dark)! - M 'a hi a 'i scegtokahim. I used to remember it.

ceg[]to s-cu- Stat: to have a good memory

ex: Nap ha'icu scegto? Do you(sg) have a good memory? -- Pi 'in(<'a) 'am hu si ha'icu scegto. I don't have a very good memory.

cegtohim Vreflex Interr: to think

ex: Nap heba'i 'am ha'ap 'i 'i(<'e)vu:pac 'am 'i 'i(<'e)cegtohim? Do you ever think about the past (project yourself into the past and think)?

ceg[]toi N inalien: one's thoughts, thinking

ex: 'Am 'e'ul g cegtoij. His thinking has matured.

ceg[]toicud Vdtr Unit (for Repet see cecigtoicud) [Neutr: def cegtoic; hort
cegtoicud]: to remind someone of something ex: Pt o 'i jcegtoic. Remind me of it! -- M g 'i ncegtoicud! (Could you) remind me of it!

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ceg[]to[i]dag/ cehiaga ceg[]to[i]dag N inalien [3rd pers sg ceg[]to[i]da-j]: one's mind, ability to think
ex: Kut hab 'i 'eju: g ncegtoidag mat hek hu a 'i s'o:hodac 'i:da'a ha'icu 'a:ga m'in hab na:nko 'am t'a:g g 'o'odham. What happened to my mind is that a long time ago I got tired of this story that the people tell about us (making fun of us). -- 'Am 'e'ul g cegtoidaj. His mind has matured. ha'icu ceg[]to[i]dag NExpr inalien: thought process, thoughts, thinking ex: Ha'icu cegtoidaj 'am 'uli. He has a mature mind ha'icu 'i ceg[]to[i]dag NExpr inalien: various thougths ex: Ha'icu 'i 'emcegtoidag 'am o 'ulik! Be mature in your(pl) various thoughts!

ceg[]tois Stat: to be remembered

pi ceg[]tois Stat Expr: to be forgotten ex: Hek hu pi cegtois. It has been forgotten for a long time.

cehedagi Vintr pls (for sgs see ce:dagi) [Neutr: def cehedagi]: to become blue-green cehedagim see Adv s-ce:dagim= blue-green like cehedagi-vihol NComp alien aggreg: split peas cehedag see Adj s-ce:dag= blue-green cehedag[] see Stat s-ce:dag[]= to be blue-green cehedag-hu: (pron: chedaghi:) NComp alien aggreg: a variety of corn with blue
kernels

cehegam N: cactus wren; a person who repeats everything he/she is told cehegamag s- Stat impers: to be full of cactus wrens in a single location cehia N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg cehia=ga-j); pl: ceccia]: girl, daughter
ge'ecu cehia NExpr alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg ge'ecu n-cegia=ga)]: oldest daughter 'alicu cehia NExpr alien indiv: youngest daughter

cehia vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ceccia]: to be a girl

ex: ..mat hebi(<heba'i) o (<vu) ab si cehiak 'an o 'i vu:. ..that sometimes she comes out (of her house) being just a very young girl.

cehiaga Stat sing [mult: cecciaga]: to have a girl, a daughter cehiaga vu Stat sgs [pl: vu cecciaga]: to be somebody's girl, daughter

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cei/ ceka cei see VExpr intr hab/has ce'e-= to make, emit a certain sound, noise, utterance ceiog: young girl (term of address only) ceka-/ceki- Vtr Unit (for Repet see cecka; for Distr see ce:cka) sgo (for plo see to'av) [Neutr: def ce:; hort ce:k; imper sgs ceka-/ ceki-. Correl: immed: cek-ka-'i.
Compl: ceki-ok; immed: ceki-oka-'i. Interr: cek[i]-him.]: to put obj somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Ba:pt ce: g liva? Where did you put my coat? -- Ba:pt ce: g to-hodai? Where did you put the lime (in a container)? -- Ba:nt 'ab o ce:? Where shall I put it? -- 'Ant ce: 'an mi:sa da:m. I put it on the table. -- k 'am 'al 'i komalkadk 'am ce:. and after flattening it, somehow he put it down.-- ga hu hab 'ep ce: 'ep. he put it (the olla) back out of the way. -- Pt gn hu hab o 'i ce: hega'i! Move it (a water container) farther up! -- Nt o ge:g g mu: vo:pona mant 'am ce: 'ama'i. I'll beat (to remove the pods) the beans that I have pulled and set down (in one pile) -- 'An g ce:k g 'o'ohon! Could you put the book there (on something)! -- N(<'an) g da:m ce:k! Could you put it on top (of it)! -- Ceka gn hu! Put it over there! -- Ceka! Put it down! -- k 'am ha'a:'ad mat o bei g mamaho k 'am o cekhimk o ge'edaj. and he sent them to get the algae and put it down there until it had made a large pile.-- 'Evo:ag 'e 'apt o cekka'i! Put it in your pocket (in order to carry it)! -- Nt o 'opk(<'ipk) g hu cekioka'i! First I'll put it away!

ceka/ ceki- Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ce:. Compl: 'e-ceki-ok; immed: 'e-ceki-oka-'i]: to
get put somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied); to appear, occur, get created ex: Pi has masma gm hu hab o 'i 'ece:. It cannot be moved (there is no way to put it) over there. -- t 'an 'ece: g u:dag. water is said to have appeared there.-- Kut g vo:g 'ecekioka'ik 'ab m'ai. A road appeared which led to you (after a road appeared it reached you).

ceka- Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ce:]: to put oneself down as a stake, to bet oneself (see
also cekid) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) ha'icu 'up(<'ep) o mto'i 'ep k ab aba hab o mcei mant 'am hejel o ce:. I have nothing else to put down as stakes for you (to match), but I'll tell you, I'll put myself down as stake. da:m-ceka- 'e-VComp reflex tr sgs [Neutr: def 'e-da:m-ce:; hort 'e-da:m-ce:k]:to revenge oneself, to get even with obj ex: Nt o nda:m-ce: hega'i. I'll get even with him. -- E-g-da:m-ce:k! Get even with him!

ceka Vtr sgs (for pls see ce:cka) [Neutr: def and hort ceka; imper: ceka-]: to put one's
shoes on

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ceka/ cekid
ex: Nt o ceka g nu:k. I'll put my shoes on. --eu:k 'ab ceka. He put his shoes on. -B(<'ab) g ceka g 'eu:k! Put your shoes on! -- Ceka g 'eu:k! Put your shoes on!

ceka Vintr Unit (for Distr see ce:cka) [Neutr: def ceka. Interr: ceka-him]: to go a
certain distance ex: Pt gamai hu a(<va) ceka 'ant 'am haha 'i cegto. You were already way over there (out of reach) when I thought about it. -- Kunt a(<va) koi heba'i ceka Before I was very far... -- Gn hu 'i ceka g hu:. The corn has grown (gone) that high (about one to two feet high). -- N(<'an) 'o 'i cekahim g hu:. The corn is getting to be that high (a few inches).

cekaid Vdtr [Neutr: def cekai; hort cekaid]: to put his shoes on for somebody
ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o cekai g u:kaj. I'll put his shoes on for him. - Nant 'ab o cekai g u:kaj? Shall I put his shoes on for him? -- B(<'ab) g cekaid g u:kaj! Could you put his shoes on for him!

cekaidag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ceckaidag]: to be good of hearing, obedient

ex: Skaidam 'apt o io, pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu 'i si scekaidag. Talk loud, he does not have good hearing. -- Heg 'o scekaidag 'am havui g 'ege'egega. He is obedient to his parents. pi cekaidag Stat Expr sgs: to be deaf, disobedient ex: Heg 'o pi cekaidag. He is deaf (disobedient). -- Pi g 'am pi cekaidagk! Don't be disobedient!

cekaidkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-ceckaidkam]: one who is good of hearing, obedient

pi cekaidkam N Expr sg [pl: pi ceckaidkam]: deaf one ex: Hegam pi ceckaidkam 'at o ha'icu ka:. The deaf will hear.

cekapul-tak NComp: a root said to have been used formerly by the navijhu for
medicinal purposes.

cekid Vtr [Neutr: def cek; hort and indef cekid. Interr: cekida-him]: to vaccinate obj
ex: T o ho(<ha)cek g haivaga. He is going to vaccinate my cows. -- Ha-g-cekid! Why don't you vaccinate them! -- Ma:kai hacekid g haivaga. The doctor (usually) vaccinate my cows. -- Ha-'a(<'o)-cekidahim g haivaga. He is vaccinating my cows.

cekid Vdtr sgo (for plo see to'id) [Neutr: def cek; hort cekid]: to put down obj as a
stake for somebody to match it ex: 'Id 'ant 'am o mcek. This is my stake for you (to match). -- Nt o mcek g ntaga. I'll put my watch as a stake for you to match.

cekid Vdtr sgo (for plo see to'id) [Neutr: def cek; hort and indef cekid. Interr: cekidahim]: to put obj somewhere for somebody

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cekid/ cekku
ex: ..c g'ea 'am 'al hacek hega'i cu'i. ..and in it she somehow put the pinole for them. -M g 'ep ha ncekid! (Could you) put some of it for me back there! -- M g ncekid 'ehevhogidaku 'ea! Could you put it in your refrigerator for me! -- 'am hihi g 'al hiopc k 'i beihi g mamaho k 'am cekidahim g ve:peg ma:sikam. It is said that the termites went there and gathered the algae and put it there for the first born.

cekida N inalien: vaccination scar cek see Vdtr cekid= to put obj somewhere for somebody cek see Vdtr cekid= to put obj down for somebody to match cek see Vtr cekid= to vaccinate obj cek N inalien [3rd pers sg ceki-j]: something put somewhere, created by somebody,
one's creation (see also na:toi) jevu cek NExpr [reflex: jevu 'e-cek; 3rd pers sg: jevu ceki-j: the earth created by ex: 'An ab bei hugid 'an g jevu 'ecek. He just grabbed the edge (by the edge, because the earth is thought of as a flat surface) of the earth created by him.

cek[]c Vtr sgo (for plo see to'akc) [Neutr: indef cekc. Dur: cek[]ci-d. Interr:
cekc=ka-him]: to have obj where it was put ex: 'An g ab cekcid! Keep it there! -- 'Evo:ag 'e g cekcid! Keep it in your pocket! -- 'I 'a cum cekckahim vo:ag 'e. I used to keep it in my pocket.

cek[]cim in ha'icu cekcim NExpr (with mass nouns or indiv nouns in the sg; with aggreg and pl nouns, see to'akcim): keeper of something
je:-cek[]cim NComp(?): keeper of the smoke je:g-cek[]cim NComp(?): keeper of the meeting ya:vi-cek[]cim NComp(?): keeper of the key

cek[]cug Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef cekcug]: to carry obj (a mass noun such as flour,
ground corn, powdered clay in a container; for liquids, see vasibcug)

cekka'i see Vtr cek- = to put obj somewhere cekku N indiv [pl: ceckku]: place where something is put, such as container, saucer (with mass nouns or indiv in the sg; with aggreg and pl nouns, see to'aku)
matai-cekku NComp(?) indiv: ashtray (also called sigal-vipi'idag-to'aku) ta:sa-cekku NComp(?) indiv: saucer 'asugal-cekku NComp(?) indiv: granulated-sugar bowl 'on-cekku NComp(?) indiv: salt shaker

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ceka/ ceka ceka Vtr [Neutr: def ceka]: to make a broken line with obj with a single stroke
ex: Nt o hema 'al ceka g ha:l. I'll sow the squash seeds in a broken row (I'll make a broken line of squash).

ceka Vintr [Neutr: def ceka]: to make, draw, a broken line with a single stroke
ex: 'In 'ant o ceka. I'll draw a broken line right along here.

cekaa Vtr: to make a broken line with obj in one location with reiterated strokes cekaa Vintr: to make, draw a broken line in one location with reiterated strokes cekan Vtr [Neutr: def ceka; hort and indef cekan]: to make, draw, an unbroken line
with obj in one location (as when planting obj in a row)

cekan Vintr Unit (for Repet see ceckan; for Distr see ceckan) sing (for mult see cecka ) [Neutr: def ceka; hort and indef cekan. Correl: cekan-k; immed: cekanka-'i. Dur: cekana-d. Interr: cekana-him]: to make, draw, one unbroken line in one location (as when making a furrow in a field) ex: 'An 'apt o ceka jevuo. Make an unbroken line in the ground along there. -- Nt o hema cekank 'am o 'ei g ha:l. I'll make an unbroken line in order to sow the squash seeds. -- N(<'an) g cekan. Draw an unbroken line along there. --Cekanahim 'o. He is making a furrow. -- M(<'am) g ab 'i cekanad. Keep on drawing that line.

cekana N inalien: unbroken line in one location (such as the line marking the
boundaries of one's property) made by somebody

cekana vu Stat Expr: to be an unbroken line in one location made by somebody

(such as the line marking the boundaries of one's property) ex: Heg 'o (<vu) cekanaj. That is his boundary line.

cekanas Stat sing: to be drawn (an unbroken line in one location)

ex: Cekanas 'o. There is an unbroken line.

ceka N indiv [pl/distr: ce:cka]: border line

ex: Ba: 'o hob(<hab) g ceka? Where is the border?

ceka Stat [Neutr: indef ceka. Dur: ceka=ka-d. Interr: ceka=ka-him]: there is a
borderline ex: 'In 'o ceka. There is a border along here. -- 'In 'o cum cekakahim. There used to be a border along here.

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ceka/ celaa ceka see Vtr cekaid= to draw an unbroken line for obj cekaid Vtr sing [Neutr: def ceka; hort and indef cekaid]: to draw an unbroken
line (such as a furrow in one location) for obj

ceka-kolai NComp(?): district fence, fence used as a border line ceka see Vintr ceka = to draw several unbroken lines in one location ceka Vintr Unit (for Distr see cecka) mult (for sing see ceckan) [Neutr: def
ceka; hort and indef ceka . Correl: ceka-k; immed: ceka-ka-'i. Interr: cekaahim.]: to make, draw, several unbroken lines in one location (such as several furrows in one field) ex: Napt 'am ceka? Did you draw the lines (did you make the furrows)? -- Nt o ha'i cekak 'am o 'ei g ha:l. I'll make several lines in order to sow the squash seed.

cekvo N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg cekvo-j); pl: ceckvo]: ankle cel[]t Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cel[]t. Dur: cel[]ta-d. Interr: cel[]ta-him]: to
scratch obj, to make, leave scratches on obj ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) celt. (Be careful) you might scratch it. -- Pi g 'am celtad g mi:sa! Don't be scratching the table constantly! -- Celitahim 'o g mi:sa. He is scratching the table.

celko see Vintr celkon= to skip celkon Vintr [Neutr: def celko; hort and indef celkon. Interr: celkona-him. Dur:
celkona-d]: to skip ex: Nt o celko. I'll skip (for a short while). -- Celkonahim 'o. She is skipping.

celkona N: a rain dance in which the dancers skip cela see Vtr celan= to scrape obj cela Vtr sing (for mult see cecela) [Neutr: def and hort cela]: to make, leave a
scratch on obj in one place ex: Ncela g 'u:s 'an nnov 'an. The stick (branch) left a broken scratch on my arm (me on my arm). -- Si cela g mi:sa. It/he made a deep scratch on the table.

celaa Vtr: to make, leave, a scratch on obj reiteratedly

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celan/ cemait celan Vtr sing (mult see cecelan) [Neutr: def cela; hort and indef celan. Correl:
celan-k; immed: celan-ka-'i. Dur: celana-d. Interr: celana-him]: to scrape obj in one place as with a steel brush or a knife with one stroke ex: Nt o 'i cela g paint 'ab pualt'ab. I'll scrape the paint off the door. -- M g 'i celan! Could you scrape it! -- Ncela g 'u:s 'an nov 'an. The stick (branch) scraped my arm (me on the arm). -- M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'i celanad. I'll just keep on scraping it.

celanaku N indiv [pl: cecelanaku]: steel brush (instrument to scrape things) cela Vtr sing (for mult see cecela [Neutr: indef cela . Dur: celaa-d]: to scrape
obj in one place with reiterated strokes

celvi see Vtr celvin= to rub obj off celvin Vtr [Neutr: def celvi; hort celvin]: to rub obj off, to remove obj by rubbing on it
ex: Nt o 'i celvi. I'll rub it off. -- 'I celvin g kanjel-bi:t 'an mi:sa da:m! Could you rub the candle drippings off the top of the table!

celvinaku N inalien indiv [pl: cecelvinaku]: washboard; file; polishing stone used in
finishing the surface of a pot. hu:c-celvinaku NComp(?): nail file

cem (dial: cum) Mod [pl: ce'ecem (dial: cu'ucum)]: small

ex: si 'al cem 'ali= a very small child, an infant -- 'al cem ki: = a smallish house --'Al cem 'an o vua nda:m g 'o'o! Put a thin coat of sand on top of me! -- 'Al cem g 'ab 'i:'i! Drink a little bit of it! -- 'am 'i ta g 'enov 'al cem. he opened his hand just a little bit.

cemada (dial: cumada) Vintr sgs (for pls see ce'ec[e]mada) [Neutr: def cemada.
Interr: cemada-him]: to become small ex: 'Al 'at 'i cemada. It is small now (it has become small). -- 'I 'o 'i cemadahim. It's getting smaller and smaller

cemadajid (dial: cumadajid) Vtr and dtr sgo (for plo see ce'ec[e]madajid) [Neutr:
def cemadaj; hort and indef cemadajid]: to make obj become small for somebody

cemag N alien: limestone cemagag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of limestone in a single location cemait N inalien indiv [pl: cecemait]: tortilla
ex: Hema 'i ma:k g cemait! Give me a tortilla! -- Nt o ha'i mma: g ncecemait. I'll give you a few of my tortillas.

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cemait/ cemmo'o
cu'i-cemait NComp indiv [pl: cu'i-cecemait]: flour tortilla hu:-cemait NComp indiv [pl: hu:-cecemait]: corn flour tortilla matai-cemait NComp aggreg: ashes tortilla (a very large tortilla made of thin dough without salt, and baked by heating a flat surface with ashes) ex: Nt o ha'i mma: g matai-cemait. I'll give you a few pieces of the ashes tortilla sgak-cecemait NComp aggreg: cracker(s) s'i'ov-cecemait NComp aggreg: cookie(s) tamal-cemait NComp indiv [pl: tamal-cecemait]: corn flour tort

cemaitaku N sg: tortilla maker cemaitakukam N sg: one with a tortilla maker cemaj (dial: cumaj) Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef cemaj; def cemaj=k. Dur cemaj=ka-d. Interr:
cemaj=ka-him); pls ce'ec[e]maj]: to be small ex: 'Al cemaj g ki:. The house is somewhat small. -- Ha'i 'al ce'ecemaj. Some are somewhat small.

cemama[i]g N alien indiv [pl: cecemama[i]g]: horned toad cemcu (dia: cumcu) N subst sg [pl: ce'ecemcu]: small one, small thing
cemcu cehiaga NExpr [1rst pers sg cemcu n-cehiaga]: youngest daughter cemcu 'aliga NExpr [1rst pers sg cemcu -'aliga: my youngest child

cemcu vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ce'ecemcu]: to be a small one, a small thing
ex: Hascu u si 'al cemcu? Which one is the smallest

cemho see Vtr cemhon= to reduce obj to small fragments by rubbing it cemhon Vtr [Neutr: def cemho; hort and indef cemhon]: to reduce obj into small
fragments by rubbing it, to rub obj off (as mud off shoes) ex: Nt o 'i cemho. I'll rub it off. -- 'I cemhon! Could you rub it off! -- M 'a hu 'i cemhon g bid 'ab ki:t'ab. I am rubbing the mud off the wall.

cemhon Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cemho]: to be reduced to small fragments by being

rubbed, to crumble off, to be rubbed off (as plaster off a wall) ex: B 'e-'et(<'at)-cemho. It just crumbled off.

cemhonaku N indiv [pl: cecemhonaku]: door mat cemmo'o Vtr Repet (for Unit see ce:mo'o) [Neutr: indef cemmo'o. Dur: cemmo'o-d]:
to block, stop obj repeatedly

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cemmo'o/ cepodka cemmo'o Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ce:mo'o) [Neutr: indef 'e-cemmo'o. Dur: 'ecemmo'o-d]: to get blocked, stopped, repeatedly ex: 'Im vo:po'odc ga hu ab 'i 'ecemmo'odc jevu-hugidagt'ab. They keep running that way, getting blocked at the seashore, and running back.

cepa N alien/inalien indiv [pl: cecpa]: mortar; a hole in the rock used as a mortar cepa Stat sing: to have a mortar (see also cepaga) cepacud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def cepac; hort cepacud]: to make a mortar out of something
for somebody

cepag Stat impers Unit sing: there is a mortar, a hole in the rock used as a mortar, in one
location ex: Ma 'am heba'i ge cepag. I hear that somewhere there was a hole in the rock.

cepaga Stat sing: to have a mortar (see also cepa)

ex: Nap ge cepaga? Do you(sg) have a mortar?

cepat Vtr sing: to make a mortar out of obj cepkka see Vtr cepkka= to make several thrusts at obj with something sharp cepkka Vtr [Neutr: def cepkka; hort and indef cepkka. Dur: cepkkaa-d]: to make
several thrusts at obj with something sharp (as with beak and claws) ex: T o mcepkka g cucul. The chicken is going to peck at you (claw at you).-- 'In 'o hu ncepkka. It pecks (claws) at me.

cepodk Adj sg [pl: ce'ecpodk]: short

ex: cepodk 'ipu= a short dress/ skirt

cepodk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def cepodk); pls: ce'ecpodk]: to be short
ex: 'Al cepodk. It's rather short. -- Ge cepodk. It's unexpectedly short. -- 'ipu 'o ge cepodk. My skirt is unexpectedly short.

cepodka Vintr sgs (for pls see ce'ecpodka) [Neutr: def cepodka. Interr: cepodkahim]: to become short ex: 'I:da'a 'ipu 'at cepodka. This dress of mine is too short (has become short). -- 'ipu 'o cepodkahim. My dress is getting too short (for me).

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cepodkad/ ceposidaku cepodkad Vtr sgo (for plo see ce'ecpokad) [Neutr: def hort and indef cepodkad]: to
shorten obj ex: Nt o 'i cepodkad g 'ipud. I'll shorten my dress.

cepodkaid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def cepodkai; hort cepodkaid]: to shorten obj for
somebody ex: Nt o 'i mcepodkai. I'll shorten it for you.

cepodkim s- Adv: short-like

ex: 'I:da'a 'i:pu 'o scepodkim cu'ig. This skirt of mine seems (too) short.

cepoi see Vtr cepoin= to make a thrust at obj cepoin/cephoin (elis and met of *cepohin) Vtr [Neutr: def cepoi/cephoi; hort and indef
cepoin; imper sgs cepoina-. Dur: cepoina-d]: to make a thrust at obj with something sharp (such as with beak or claws), to peck obj ex: Cepoin 'o g cucul. A chicken pecks.-- T o mcepoi g cucul. The chicken is going to peck you. -- M g si cepoin! Why don't you poke him hard!

cepoinacud Vtr [Neutr: def cepoinac; hort cepoinacud]: to make obj trot
ex: Nt o 'i cepoinac. I'll make him trot. -- Cepoinacuda! Make him trot!

cepoinaag s- Stat sgs: to be good at trotting (of a horse or person) cepoi (elis of *cepohi ) Vtr [Neutr: indef cepoi . Dur: cepoia-d]: to make several
thrusts at obj with something sharp (as with beak or claws) ex: 'In 'o hu ncepoi. It pecks me. -- Pi g 'an hu ncepoiad! Don't be pecking me !

ceponahim Vintr Interr: to be trotting, to go trot

ex: Ceponahim 'o g kavyu. The horse is trotting. -- M g ceponahid! Could you trott (for a while)!

cepos see Vtr ceposid= to brand obj ceposid Vtr Unit (for Distr see cecposid) [Neutr: def cepos; hort ceposid; imper sgs
ceposida-]: to brand obj (such as cows) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)cepos g haivaga. I'll brand my cattle.

cepos[i]dacud Vdtr [Neutr: def ceposidac; hort ceposidacud]: to brand obj (cattle) for
somebody

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ceposidaku/ ceadceposidaku N: a branding iron (instrument with which to brand cattle) ceposig N inalien indiv [pl/distr: cecposig]: brand (on a cow) ceposig Stat sing: to have a brand
ex: a: 'o ma:s ceposig hega'i haiva? What kind of a brand does that cow have? -- 'I:da'a haiva 'o ceposig. This cow has a brand on (is branded). -- a:p ma:s ceposig? What kind of a brand do you have (do you use)?

ce see Vintr cead- = to climb, to rise ce see Vtr cead- = to climb in/on obj ce see Vreflex 'e-cead- = to be climbed cead- Vintr Unit (for Repet see cecaj) sgs (for pls see ce:ci[a]d) [Neutr: def ce;
hort ceaj. Correl: cead-k; immed: cead-ka-'i. Compl: cead-ok; immed cead-oka-'i. Interr: ceaj[i]-him]: to climb, to reach the top; to rise (of heavenly bodies) ex: va 'ep ce 'ab do'agt'ab. again he climbed the mountain. -- an ce 'ana'i 'eki: da:m. he climbed on top of his house. -- 'am ce 'ama'i heg'oidk. he climbed along it (the plant). -- 'I ce g u:dag. The water overflowed (spilled over). -- 'I ce g haiva hanamkig. The price of cows rose. -- 'am himk himk himk gm hu 'i ce . he walked walked walked and reached the top. -- M g 'i ceaj! (Why don't you) climb to the top! -- 'I ce g ta . The sun is up. -- Cum 'alo ves 'i ce g ta . The sun is almost completely up. -'Ea koi 'i ce g ta . It was then before sunrise (the sun had not yet arisen). -- Tp 'ea 'ab haha vab 'al 'i ce g ta . It was about after sunrise. -- vab 'ab o 'i cum ce g ta t o 'emnam g 'o:b. as soon as the sun has arisen the enemy will meet you(pl). -- Ha'icuk'ab ceajhim. It (a creeper) is climbing against something. -- 'I ceajhim g u:dag. The water is rising. -- elma 'o 'i ceajhim g ta . It's almost time for the sun to rise. -- Kut himk ma:si matp 'i ceajhim g ta . It went on until the following morning at sunrise (it went on and it is morning when the sun is rising). -- 'am 'i ceajhimk gamai 'atp hu heba'i has 'i 'eju:. he climbed up there and disappeared. -- 'Ebeihim 'ab vijinat'ab c 'i ceajhim. He is pulling himself up the rope (holding unto the rope and climbing). -- M g ab 'i ceajhid! Keep on climbing! -- T 'an ceadk gn hu si da:m dakc e'e. Having climbed up there he sits on the summit and sings. -- Pi hei(<hea'i) vo 'o(<'e)nako mas 'am o ceadk 'ab o ho(<ha)'ui. Nobody will be able to climb there and catch them. -hekid 'ab 'i ceadka'i 'am 'u:pam 'ep o toa hega'i 'e:'e. after you have climbed up there (out of the water and up the bank), put my blood back (in me).

cead- Vtr Unit (for Repet see cecaj) sgo (for plo see ce:ci[a]d) [Neutr: def ce;
hort ceaj; impers sgs ce[a]ji-, pls ce[a]j-o. Correl cead-k; immed: cead-ka-'i. Compl: cead-ok; immed cead-oka-'i]: to climb in/on obj ex: Nt o ce hega'i kavyu k o pasamad. I'll take a ride on that horse (climb on that horse and take a ride). -- Nt o ce g ma:gina k o pasamad. I'll take a car ride (climb in the car

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cead-/ ceajim
and take a ride). --Heg 'apt o ceadk! Ride that one! -- 'A:i 'ant o ceadka'i. I'll be the one to ride it (a horse). -- Kavyu 'ant o ceadk 'am hu o hi:. I'll go there on horseback (climb on a horse and go there). -- T o mceadk g hemajkam s'ap 'an o 'epasa m'aba'i. The people will take pleasant rides on you. -- Ku hab cum 'elid mat hema o ceadk o hemajmac hega'i kavyu. I'd like for somebody to ride and break that horse.

cead- Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ce]: to get climbed

ex: Pi heba'i 'apkog hega'i do'ag mas haskoji 'am o 'ece. That mountain is inaccessible (nowhere is accessible that mountain so that from somewhere it will be climbed)

ceadc semi Stat tr Unit (for Distr see ce:cidc) [Neutr: indef ceadc. Dur: ceadci-d]:
to ride obj ex: a:cu 'u(<'o) ceadc? What is he riding on/in? -- Kavyu 'o ceadc. He is on horseback. -- 'In 'ok me g 'o'odham g 'ekeickvadam ceadc. Here goes a man riding his bicycle. -Nt o ceadcid. I'll be riding it.

ceadcug Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef ceadcug. Dur: ceadcuga-d]: to be riding on/in a
moving obj (such as a horse or a car) ex: a:cu 'u(<'o) ceadcug? What is he riding in/on? -- Ceadcug g 'ekavyu. He is riding on his horse.-- Ceadcug g 'ema:gina. He is riding in his car. -- M g ab 'i ceadcugad! Keep on riding it!

ceads Stat sgs: to be rising, sloping upward

ex: 'I ceads. It is sloping upward. -- Si 'i ceads. It is steep (going upward).

cead- see Vtr cead- = to climb in/on obj ceaj see Vintr cead- = to climb, to rise ceaj see Vtr ceajid= to lift, raise obj ceajid Vtr sgo (for plo see ce:cijid) [Neutr: def ceaj; hort ceajid]: to lift, raise obj,
make obj climb ex: Nt o 'i ceaj g ha'icu namkig. I'll raise the price. -- 'I ceajid g haiva hanamkig! Raise the price of the cows! -- Pt o 'i ceaj gn hu kavulk da:m! Why don't you will make it (your horse) climb to the top of the hill! -- 'I ceajid gn hu kavulk da:m! Make him climb to the top of the hill!

ceajid Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ceaj; hort 'e-ceajid]: to lift oneself
ex: N(<'an) hu 'i 'eceaj. He lifted himself up there.

ceajim s- Vsubst sgo: to feel like climbing in, on obj

ex: Cum 'a sceajim. I'd like to climb in/on it.

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ceajimcud/ cevaj ceajimcud s- Vdtr impers Unit sgo [Neutr: def s-ceajimc; indef s-ceajimcud]: to
make obj feel like climbing in/on something ex: Snceajimc 'at g kavyu. It made me feel like climbing on the horse. -- Snceajimcud ['o]. It makes me feel like climbing on it.

ceaj N act of climbing in/on, riding obj

kavyu ceaj NExpr: horseback riding ex: Nap sma:c g kavyu ceaj? Do you know how to ride a horse? vu:lo ceaj NExpr: donkey riding ex: Nap sma:c g vu:lo ceaj? Do you know how to ride a donkey?

ceaj[]ku N inalien indiv [pl: cecaidku]: stepladder (instrument with which to

climb on something)

ceo N indiv [pl: ceco]: mountain sheep; one of the stars in Orion's Belt cetto N inalien indiv [pl: cectto]: round rock formerly used to place pots on for cooking;
cooking tripod

cettonag N indiv [pl: cecttonag]: pole, post such as those inside the house to support
the beams, or those of the ramada

cev see Vintr ceve= to become tall cev Mod [pl: ce'ecev]: long, lengthy
ex: 'Ida cev 'am a 'i iok. Now I have talked long enough. -- ha'asko vuha 'i cev vu 'i go:kokam mat ba'ic 'i cev g vopoj. it (his down) grew a certain length, the second time it grew longer. -- he'es 'i ce'ecev vo vuha. they (the plants) will grow to a certain height.

cev[a]da Vintr sgs (for pls see ce'ec[e]vada) [Neutr: def cevada. Interr: cevada-him]:
to become long ex: T o 'i cevada. It will become long.

cevad[a]jid Vtr/ dtr sgo (for plo see ce'ec[e]vad[a]jid) [Neutr: def cevadaj; hort and
indef cevadajid]: to lengthen obj (for somebody) ex: Nt o 'i cevadaj g 'ipu. I'll lengthen my skirt.

cevaj Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef cevaj; def cevaj=k. Dur: cevaj=ka-d. Interr: cevaj=ka-him);
pls ce'ec[e]vaj]: to be long, tall

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cevaj/ ce'eex: Ge'eda 'atk k ge cevaj. It grew and was unusually tall. -- K has ma:s g hu:, no ge ce'ecevaj? What are corn plants like, are they surprisingly tall? -- a 'i cevaj g 'u:s. The stick is rather long. -- a 'a(<'o) va 'i cevaj. It is quite long. -- Heg 'a tacu mat ha'as o cevajk. I want it (to be) that long. -- Hegam 'a tacu mat haha'as o ce'ecevajk. I want them (to be) that long.

cevagi-vuadam NComp indiv [loc: cevagi-vuadam-t-'an]: rain maker (one whose job
is to bring clouds)

cevagig Stat impers Unit: there is cloudiness, to be cloudy in one location

pi cevagig Stat Expr impers: to be without clouds ex: ia tp 'ea cum pi 'an hu cevagig. Well, there was at the time no cloud in the sky.

cevagig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cecevagig): to be full of clouds in one
location

cevag N alien mass: cloudiness, cloud

ex: Vo ho(<ha) bei g cevag. He will get some clouds. -- B(<'ab) 'o him g cevag. Clouds are coming this way. -- B(<'ab) o 'i ha himc g cevag, t o tjuk. He will bring (make come) some clouds (and) it will rain (on us).

cevcu N subst sg [pl: ce'ecevu]: long one, long thing ceve Stat Unit pls (for sgs see ka:c) [Neutr: indef ceve. Dur: ceve=ka-d. Interr:
ceve=ka-him]: to be dwelling, living, in one location ex: C 'i a ceve. We live here. -- Kuts heg a 'i cum pi eidc 'i a ceve kups hab ha'icu 'ep ju:? Since we have been living here (for some time) without seeing that, what's the idea of your doing that again? -- 'Ab 'o cevekahim. They used to live there.

ceve Vintr [Neutr: def cev. Correl: ceve-k; immed ceve-ka-'i. Interr: cevel[i]-him]:
to become tall (said of a plant) ex: Cev 'atk. It/they are tall (now). -- Cevelhim g hu:. The corn is getting tall. -- T o 'i cevelhi. It will get taller. -- Cevek mu:. It grew tall and died. -- Cevek 'ab o 'i muadt. After it gets tall, it (the corn) will get a tassel.

cevel see Vintr ceve= to become tall ce'e- hab/has VExpr intr Unit (for Repet see hab/has cece) [Neutr: def cei; hort ce:-'i.
Correl: ce'e-k; immed: ce'e-ka-'i. Compl: ce'i-ok; immed: ce'i-oka-'i. Interr: ce'ihim]: with hab: to make, emit, a certain (specified) sound, noise, utterance once or for the first time;

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ce'e-/ ce'ecem vakumi'ok

with has: to make, emit, a certain (unspecified or strange) sound, noise, utterance once or for the first time (see also hab/has kaij) ex: Tt o tve:m hab cei! Let's say it together! -- M g 'oidk hab ce:'i! Repeat after me! -B(<hab) g ce:'i ve:m! Say it with me! -- B(<hab) g 'ep ce:'i! Say it again! -- Milignaj g hab ce:'i! Say it in English! -- Pi g 'am hu has ce:'i! Don't make any sound! -- M'ab hab 'i 'ep ce'ihi! There he is saying it again (making that sound again)! -- Hab kaij g Ban: "B(< hab) 'apt o cei nnavoj." ia tp hab kaij nnavoj. ia 'amje 'am hab 'i ce'ihimk hab masma hab 'eju: mat 'am haha mai g hemajkam mo ha'icu u viv. Coyote says (to him): "Say 'my friend'!" Well, he said 'my friend'. Well, since then they have been saying it and this is how it happened that the people learned what tobacco is.-- ia b(<hab) 'at ce'iok 'im hu 'u:pam 'ep ju:jp jevu veco. Well, after saying that they are said to have sunk back into the ground. -- B(<hab) 'at ce'ek 'im hu hi: hega'i 'o'odham. It is reported that after saying that (which he had come to say) the man left. -- a:cu 'ut(<'at) 'am has cei? What was that strange sound there? hab kaidam hab ce'e- VExpr intr: to express something in a certain way ex: 'At hab kaidam hab cei mant 'am 'ep o cei. He is said to have expressed it the way I am going to repeat. -- B(<hab) 'antp kaidam hab o cei. I might put it (express it) that way. hashu ce'e- VExpr Unit (for Repet see hashu cece): to make an unintelligible noise ex: ..tp ab hashu cei g ha'icu doakam. ..the animals just made some strange sound.

ce'e- hab/has VExpr reflex Unit [Neutr: def 'e-cei]: to be told in a certain way
ex: Pi 'evepo kaidam 'am hu hab o 'ecei 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. This story is not always told in the same way.

ce'ecem see Mod cem= small ce'ec[e]mada (dial cu'uc[u]mada) Vintr pls (for sgs see cemada) [Neutr: def
ce'ec[e]mada. Interr ce'ec[e]mada-him]: to become small

ce'ec[e]madajid (dial: cu'uc[u]madajid) Vtr /dtr plo (for sgo see cemadajid)
[Neutr: def ce'ec[e]madaj; hort and indef ce'ec[e]madajid]: to make obj become small for somebody

ce'ec[e]maj see Stat cemaj= to be small ce'ecemcu see N subst cemcu= small one ce'ecem[cu]-vipnoi NComp aggreg: name of a variety of the cholla called hanam,
Christmas cholla

ce'ecem vakumi'ok VExpr tr: to shed obj, pull obj to shreds

ex: Nt o ce'ecem vakumi'o 'i:da'a toki-vijina. I'll shred this cotton rope.

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ce'ecem vakumi'okid/ ce'evhidaku ce'ecem vakumi'okid VExpr dtr [Neutr: def ce'ecem vakumi'ok]: to pull obj to
shreds for somebody ex: Pt o ce'ecem vakumi'ok. Why don't you pull it to shreds for me!

ce'ecem vakumi'ok see VExpr ce'ecem vakumi'okid: to pull obj to shreds ce'ecev see Mod cev= long ce'ec[e]vada Vintr pls (for sgs see cev[a]da) [Neutr: def ce'ec[e]vada. Interr:
ce'ec[e]vada-him]: to become long ex: vu 'i vaikokam mat ce'ecevada 'in hu 'i hugk. after the third time they reached their full length.

ce'ec[e]vadajid Vtr/dtr plo (for sgo see cevad[a]jid) [Neutr: def ce'ec[e]vadaj, hort
and indef ce'ec[e]vadajid]: to lengthen obj for somebody ex: Nt o 'i hace'ecevadaj. I'll lengthen it for them.

ce'ec[e]vaj see Stat cevaj= to be long, tall ce'ecevcu see N subst cevcu= long one ce'ecpodk see Adj cepodk= short ce'ecpodk see Stat cepodk= to be short ce'ecpodka Vintr pls (for sgs see cepodka) [Neutr: def ce'ecpodka. Interr:
ce'ecpodka-him]: to become short

ce'ecpodkad Vtr plo (for sgo see cepodkad) [Neutr: def hort and indef ce'ecpodkad]:
to shorten obj

ce'evhi see Vtr ce'evhid= to cover obj ce'evhi see Vreflex 'e-ce'evhid= to cover oneself ce'evhid (dial: ce'ehid) Vtr [Neutr: def ce'evhi; hort ce'evhid]: to cover obj
ex: Pt o ce'evhi. I'll cover him. -- N(< 'an) g ce'evhid! Cover him! -- N g 'i ce'evhid! Cover me!

ce'evhid (dia: ce'ehid) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ce'evhi; hort 'e-ce'evhid]: to cover oneself
ex: Nt o nce'evhi. I'll cover myself. -- N g 'ece'evhid! Cover yourself!

ce'evhidaku (dial: ce'ehidaku) N indiv [pl: cecevhidaku]: blanket ce'iok, ce'ioka'i see VExpr intr hab/has ce'e- = to make, emit, a certain sound

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ce'is/ ce'uina ce'is hab/has Stat Expr: to be uttered in a certain way

ex: Hab kaidam hab ce'is 'i:da'a e'i. This is how this song goes. -- 'I:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga 'o hob(< hab) ce'is 'i:ya'a. This story is told that way here.

ce'is see Vtr ce'isid= to imitate the sound, noise, made by obj ce'isid Vtr [Neutr: def ce'is; hort and indef ce'isid. Dur: ce'isida-d]: to imitate the sound,
noise, utterance made by obj ex: Nt o ce'is g Ban. I'll imitate the sounds made by Coyote. si ce'isid VExpr tr: to mimic perfectly the sound, noise, utterance, made by obj ex: 'Am si nce'isid. He mimics my speech perfectly. -- Si hace'isid g milig:n. He mimics the speech of the Whites perfectly. -- Pi g 'am si nce'isidad! Don't be mimicking me constantly!

ce'u see Vtr ce'un= to pick obj one by one ce'u Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ce'u. Interr: ce'u-him]: to pick obj one by one (same as
ce'un) ku'ag-ce'u VComp: to pick pieces of firewood one by one 'a'aj-ce'u VComp: to pick pieces of kindling one by one

ce'ui N inalien: things that have been picked one by one by somebody (same as ce'uina)
ex: nce'ui= things that have been picked one by one by me

ce'ui vu Stat Expr: to be the things that have been picked one by one by somebody ex:
D(<vu) 'o tce'ui. They are ours things that have been picked one by one by us.

ce'uim see Vtr ce'uime= to go and pick obj one by one ce'uime Vtr Unit (for Distr see cece'uiyo) sgs (for pls see ce'uiyop) [Neutr: def
ce'uim; hort ce'uime]: to go and pick obj one by one (same as ce'uname) ex: Nt o ce'uim g viy:di. I am on my way to pick acorns. viy:di-ce'uime VComp Unit sgs: to go and pick acorns ex: Nt o viy:di-ce'uim. I am on my way to pick acorns.

ce'uina N inalien: things that have been picked one by one by somebody (same as
ce'ui)

ce'uina vu Stat Expr: to be the things that have been picked one by one by somebody
ex: 'A:i 'o o(<vu) nce'uina. They are my things (that have been picked by me).

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ce'uiyop/ ce:c ce'uiyop Vtr Unit (for Distr see cece'uiyo) pls (for sgs see ce'uime) [Neutr: def
ce'uio]: to go and pick obj one by one ex: Tt o ce'uiyo g viy:di. We are on our way to pick acorns. viy:di-ce'uiyop VComp Unit pls: to go and pick acorns

ce'ul N inalien aggreg: willow tree(s)

ce'ul-'eldag NComp alien [1st pers sg n-ce'ul-'eldag=ga]: willow bark (used in making some baskets)

ce'ulig s-Stat impers Unit: to be full of willow trees in a single location ce'un Vtr [Neutr: def ce'u; hort and indef ce'un; impers sgs ce'una-. Interr: ce'una-him.
Dur: ce'una-d]: to pick obj one by one (same as ce'u) ex: Nt o a(<va) 'i ce'u. I'll pick them up. -- N(<'an) g 'i hace'un g 'e'ega. Pick up your clothes (they are lying on the floor). - M(<'am) g 'i ce'un g tatpial. Pick up the pieces of paper down there. -- Ce'una g viy:di. Pick up acorns. -- Tatpial 'a ce'un. I usually pick up the pieces of paper. -- M g ab 'i ce'unad! Keep on picking them up! -- Ce'unahim 'o g viy:di. She is picking acorns.

ce'unam see Vtr ce'uname= to go and pick obj one by one ce'uname Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def ce'unam; hort ce'uname]: to go and pick obj one
by one (same as ce'uime) ku'ag-ce'uname VComp Unit sgs: to go and pick a small supply of firewood ex: Nt o ku'ag-ce'unam. I am on my way to pick a small supply of firewood.

ce:-

ce: see Vtr ce:ga- = to find obj ce: see Vtr ceka- = to put obj somewhere ce:c see Vtr ce:ceg= to call out the name of obj ce:c see VExpr tr hab/has ce:ceg= to call obj by a certain name

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ce:ceg/ ce:ci[a]d ce:ceg Vtr Unit (for Repet see cecceg) [Neutr: def ce:c; hort ce:ceg]: to call out the
name of obj ex: Tp 'am o ce:c "Sto:ta-Hiosigam"! He will call out her name "White Flowers"!

ce:ceg hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: def ce:c; hort and indef ce:ceg. Dur: ce:cega-d]: to call
obj by a certain name, to name obj a certain way ex: a:mt ce:c? What did you name him? -- B(<hab) 'ant ce:c "Peter". I named him "Peter". -- Vu hega'i mac ce:ceg "ko'ov-ta:tam". That is what we call "rattle snake teeth" (a plant). -- a:pt o ce:cegad? What will you be calling him/it?

ce:cem see N ce:m= heel ce:cid see Vtr ce:ci[a]d= to climb on obj ce:cid see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, rise, reach the top ce:cidc semi Stat tr Distr (for Unit see ceadc): to be riding obj
ex: 'I 'o ha'i hihim g 'evuploga ce:cidc. Here are a few people riding on donkey back (each one riding his own donkey)

ce:cidk see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, to rise, to reach the top ce:cidk see Vtr ce:ci[a]d= to climb on/in obj ce:c[i]jid Vtr plo (for sgo see ceajid) [Neutr: def ce:cij; hort ce:c[i]jid]: to lift, raise
obj, to make obj climb ex: Mt o 'i hace:cij gn hu kavulk da:m! (You pl) make them (your horses) climb to the top of the hill! -- N g o 'i hace:cjid gn hu kavulk da:m! (Why don't you pl) make them climb to the top of the hill!

ce:cij[i]him see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, rise ce:ci see N ci= mouth, beak ce:cio see N ciho= cave Ce:cio N: name of a village near Casa Grande (Caves-here-and-there) ce:ciog s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see cihog): to be full of caves here and there ce:ci[a]d Vintr pls (for sgs see cead-) [Neutr: def ce:c ; indef and hort ce:cid.
Correl: ce:c-k/ce:cid-k; immed: ce:c-ka-'i/ce:cid-ka-'i. Compl: ce:c-ok; immed: ce:coka-'i. Interr: ce:cij[i]-him]: to climb, rise, to reach the top

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ce:ci[a]d/ ce:ck[]
ex: Vatt hig o 'i ce:c! Let's climb (it)! -- va hekaj ce:c vavt'ab. right away they climbed up the cliff. -- gm hu 'i ce:c da:m. they reached the top. -- Pi g o 'on(<'an) hu 'i ce:c 'ana'i! Don't climb up there! -- 'Am 'i ce:cijhimk gn hu 'i ce:c. They climbed and climbed and reached the top. -- Huhu'u 'ab 'i ce:cid. The stars rise (every night). -- 'I g o 'i ce:cid! Climb on! (a group of people climbing on one by one in a continuous flow) -'Am 'i ce:cidk 'amje 'am vo:p. Having climbed up there, from there they ran.

ce:ci[a]d Vtr plo (for sgo see cead-) [Neutr: def ce:c ; hort ce:cad. Correl: ce:c-k/
ce:cid-k; immed: ce:c-ka-'i/ ce:cid-ka-'i]: to climb in/on obj ex: Hejel tooiga 'att o ho(<ha)ce:c . We'll climb on our own horses. -- Nt o himk 'am o haei g vapkial mat 'am o hace:c g poptol. I'll go and look at the cowboy climbing on broncos. -- Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)ce:cad g 'ekakavyu! (Why don't you pl) climb on your own horses! -- 'A:cim 'att o hace:cka'i. We are the ones who will ride them (the horses) for a short while! -- Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)ce:cidk g 'ekakavyu! (Why don't you) climb on your own horses (and get going)!

ce:c[]k Vtr [Neutr: def and indef ce:ck. Dur: ce:cka-d]: to dream of obj
ex: Sta-'ant-'e:bidam ha'icu ce:ck. I had a frightening dream (I dreamt of something frightening). -- Tp ce:ck hega'i uv. He dreamt of that woman. - Cuhug 'ant ce:ck mat naum. Last night I dreamt that I had gotten drunk. -- Nap ha'icu ce:ck? Do you dream (have dreams)? -- Cum 'a hekid ce:ck. I dream of her/him constantly. -- M(<'am) 'a ha'icu cum si ce:ck pt vuha. You woke me up in the middle of a dream.

ce:cka Vtr Distr (for Unit see cek-; for Repet see cecka) [Neutr: def and hort ce:cka]:
to put, store obj here and there (used with mass nouns) ex: vo bei g hacu:kug k g hu o ce:cka 'ehaha'a 'ea k heghekaj 'egegusid. she will get their flesh (of the children) and store it (once dried and pounded into powder) in her various pots and feed herself with it. -- Ga g hu ce:cka! (Why don't you) store it (in various containers)!

ce:cka Vintr Distr (for Unit see ceka-) [Neutr: indef ce:cka]: to go a certain distance
(several people, each of them going separately)

ce:cka Vtr pls (for sgs see cek-) [Neutr: def and hort ce:cka]: to put one's shoes on
ex: Ce:cka g 'euuk! You(pl) put your shoes on!

ce:ckcud Vtr [Neutr: indef ce:ckcud]: to make obj dream

ex: Heg 'o cum hekid nce:ckcud. He is constantly in my dreams (he makes me dream all the time). -- Hegam 'o cum hekid nce:ckcud. They are constantly in my dreams (they make me dream all the time).

ce:ck[] N inalien [3rd pers sg ce:cki-j, ce:cki-; 3rd pers pl ha-ce:ck]: dream(s)
ex: 'am ce:cki 'ea: in his/her dream.

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ce:cka/ ce:gace:cka see N ceka= border line ce:c see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, to rise ce:c see Vtr ce:ci[a]d= to climb in/on obj ce:cad see Vtr ce:ci[a]d= to climb in/on obj ce:ck, ce:cka'i see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, to rise ce:ck, ce:cka'i see Vtr ce:ci[a]d= to climb in/on obj ce:cok, ce:coka'i see Vintr ce:ci[a]d= to climb, rise ce:dagi Vintr sgs (for pls see cehedagi) [Neutr: def ce:dagi. Interr: ce:dagi-him]: to
become blue-green ex: Ce:dagi 'it(<'at). It is (now) blue-green. -- Ce:dagihim 'o. It is getting to be blue-green.

Ce:dagi Maad NExpr [loc: Ce:dagi Maad 'e]: the month of March (green moon) ce:dagim s- Adv sg [pl: s-cehedagim]: blue-green like ce:dagi-mu:val NComp indiv [pl: cehedagi-mumuval]: green fly ce:dagi-mu:valcud 'e- VComp reflex Unit sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ce:dagi-mu:valc]: to
turn into a green fly

Ce:dagi Vavhai NExpr (?): name of a village, Pozo Verde (green well) ce:dagi-vihol NComp alien aggreg: fresh peas ce:dag s- Adj sg [pl: s-cehedag]: green, blue, blue-green ce:dag[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ce:dag; def s-ce:dag=k. Dur: s-ce:dag=ka-d.
Interr: s-ce:dag=ka-him); pls: s-cehedag[]]: to be blue-green ex: Naliv 'o scukuma sce:dag. My pants are dark blue. -- Scukuma sce:dag stootakaj scecpamag. It is dark blue with white dots. -- S'i:vgim sce:dag. It is leaf-green.

ce:dag-hu: (pron: c:daghi:) NComp alien aggreg: fresh corn kernels ce:g N alien mass [1st pers sg n-ce:g=ga]: mesquite bean flour ce:ga- Vtr Unit (for Repet see cecega) [Neutr: def ce: ; hort ce:g; imper sgs ce:ga-/
ce:gi-. Correl: ce:g-k; immed: ce:g-ka-'i. Compl: ce:g-ok/ce:gi-ok; immed: ce:g-oka-'i/ ce:gi-oka-'i]: to find, notice, discover, obj

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ce:ga-/ ce:gime
ex: Napt pi ce:? You didn't find it? -- Napt 'am a(<va) ce:? Did you (really) find it? -- Napt ce:? Did you find it/him? -- Ce: 'ant. I found it. -- Pi 'int(<'ant) ce:. I did not find it. - Pi 'it(<'at) nce:. He did not find me. -- 'I 'ant a(<va) s'ap ce: g ki:dag 'i:ya'a. I found a good life here. -- M g 'i ga:ghimk ce:g! Look around until you find it! -- Kut pi a 'i ce:gk 'u:pam 'i eno:nog 'am Jerusalem vui. Not having found him they went back to Jerusalem. -- Kupp hebi o ce:gk ababa 'ab o 'i beka'i. Whenever you find him, bring him back here.- Kut 'am o nce:gk o mua hega'i ba'ag. The eagle will find me and kill me. -k haha vab ce: ma 'am da: hega'i 'uv. and then they discovered the girl sitting there. -k haha ce: ma 'an ge 'o'ohoag heg'ab hega'i ki:. .. and then he noticed that there was a sign on that house. -- k haha ab ce: mat ga hu 'i da'ivu. ..and then they noticed him dashing out there (coming toward them).

ce:gcud Vtr [Neutr: def ce:gc; hort ce:gcud]: to prepare mesquite bean flour for
somebody

ce:gga Stat: to have mesquite bean flour ce:gid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see cecegid) [Neutr: def ce:g; hort ce:gid; imper sgs
ce:gida-]: to show obj to somebody ex: Vo tce:g g 'eki: g hu 'ea! Show us the inside of your house! -- M 'ant o a(<va) mce:g. I'll show it to you. -- M 'ant o mce:g mapt has masma hab o ju:. I'll show you how to do it. -- Tp hems ha'icu 'ab 'i si m'ab 'uli, pt 'am o nce:g! You might excel in something, show it to me! -- Nce:gida! Show it to me! -- Pi g 'am ce:gid! Don't show it to him!

ce:gig/ce:gg N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ce:giga-j); pl (3rd pers pl: ha-cecegig)]:
name

ce:gig/ce:gg hab/has Stat Expr sing [mult: cecegig]: to have a certain name
ex: a:p ce:gig? What's your name? -- B(< hab) 'a ce:gig "Paul". My name is "Paul".-a: 'o ce:gig?/K has ce:gig? What's his name? -- K has ce:gig 'i:da'a tatk? What's the name of this root? -- B(<hab) 'a ce:gig hega'i. That's his name (hearsay). -- Sto:taHiosigam 'Uv 'a hab ce:gig. White-Flowered Girl is her name (hearsay).-- a: hu 'i ce:gig? What's his/her name already? (when asking someone to repeat, or implying that one has forgotten) -- a: 'o cecegig? What are their names? -- mu'i 'ei'ovinahimc 'apec mat hab o ce:gigk "ta ". After much discussion they agreed that its name would be "sun". -- B(<hab) 'o cum ce:gigkahim. It used to be its/his name.

ce:gime Vtr Unit (for Repet see ce:gimme) sgs (for pls see ce:giop) [Neutr: def
ce:gim; hort and indef ce:gime]: to go and visit obj ex: Nt o ce:gim g ma:kai. I'll go and see the doctor. -- Nt o ho(<ha)ce:gim g nna'naipijhu. I'll go and visit my friends. -- B(<'ab) g 'i nce:gime! Come and see me!

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ce:gimelim/ ce:m[] ce:gimelim s- V subst tr sgs [pls: s-ce:giopam]: to wish to go and visit obj
ex: Cum 'a sce:gimelim. I'd like to go and visit him. -- Cum 'ac sce:giopam. We'd like to go and visit him.

ce:gimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see ce:gime) sgs [Neutr: indef ce:gimme]: to go
and visit obj repeatedly

ce:giop Vtr pls (for sgs see ce:giame) [Neutr: def and hort ce:gio; indef ce:giop]: to
go and visit obj ex: M 'att o 'i mce:gio si'alim. We'll go and see you tomorrow.

ce:giopam see V subst s-ce:gimelim= to wish to go and visit obj ce:g[]c s-Vtr: to be interested in obj (see also s-cegima)
ex: (<'a) 'am a(<va) sce:gc. I am interested in it. -- Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i ce:gc. I am not at all interested in it.

ce:gt Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ce:gt]: to prepare mesquite bean flour out of obj ce:k see Vtr cek-= to put obj somewhere ce:kol N indiv [pl: cecekol]: squirrel ce:kolig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cecekolig): to be full of squirrels in a
single location

ce:m N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ce:ma-j); pl: ce:cem]: heel ce:m Vreflex Unit pls [Neutr: def and indef 'e-ce:m. Correl: 'e-ce:m-k; immed: 'e-ce:mka-'i. Compl: 'e-ce:m-ok; immed: 'e-ce:m-oka-'i. Dur: 'e-ce:ma-d. Interr: 'e-ce:m[i]-him]: to arrive in groups (to a meeting or any other type of gathering) ex: 'Atp ga hu 'a'aiji g hemajkam 'ece:m. The people came in from all over. -- Nat 'ece:m g 'a'al? Have the children arrived (to school)? -- T o 'o(<'e)ce:mad g hemajkam. The people will be arriving in a continuous flow. -- 'Ece:mhim g hemajkam. The people are arriving (in groups). -- Hemu 'ut(<'at) o 'i 'i(< 'e)ce:mhi g hemajkam. Soon the people are going to be arriving (in groups). -- Ves o 'o(<'e)ce:moka'i! Let's wait until they have all arrived!

ce:m[] N: a species of cactus

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ce:mo'o/ ce:vime ce:mo'o Vtr Unit (for Repet see cemmo'o) [Neutr: def ce:mo'o. Correl: ce:mo'o-k;
immed: ce:mo'o-ka'i. Interr: ce:mo'o-him]: to block, stop, corner obj ex: Nce:mo'o g 'akimel. The river stopped me. -- Nt o mce:mo'o 'ab ki:t'ab. I'll block you against the wall.

ce:mo'o Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-cemmo'o) [Neutr: def 'e-ce:mo'o. Interr: 'ece:mo'o-him]: to get blocked, stopped ex: Pt o 'ece:mo'o. You'll get blocked. -- 'Ece:mo'ohim 'o. He is about to get blocked.

ce:pa'aviag Stat sgs [pls: cecpa'aviag]: to be a promiscuous woman, a prostitute ce:pa'avim s- Adv sg [pl: s-cecpa'avim]: in a promiscuous fashion, whorishly
ex: 'I:da'a 'uv sce:pa'avim cu'ig. This woman seems to be promiscuous.

ce:pa'av N sg [pl: cecpa'av]: promiscuous woman, prostitute ce:pa'av[]cud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ce:pa'avc; hort 'e-ce:pa'av[]cud]: to turn
into a prostitute, become promiscuous ex: ab 'am 'i 'i(< 'e)ce:pa'avc. she became completely promiscuous.

ce:pidaku N inalien indiv [pl: cecpidaku]: pestle used for pounding food in a mortar
called cepa

ce:pidaku Stat sing: to have a pestle ce:p N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg ce:pa-j]: tick ce:p Stat: to have ticks ce:p s- Stat: to have a lot of ticks
ex: Sce:p g gogs. The dog is full of ticks.

ce:vime (dial: ce:viame) Vtr Unit (for Repet see ce:vimme) [Neutr: def ce:vim;
hort and indef ce:vime. Dur: ce:vimea-d]: to tow, drag, obj ex: Tt o a(<va) 'i mce:vim. We'll tow you. -- Nt o 'i ce:vim g ma:gina. I'll tow the car. -- 'I ce:vime g ma:gina! Tow the car! -- 'An 'o ce:vime g ma:gina. He is towing the car. -'ab ce:vimeadc 'ab hihimadc 'am vua veco. they dragged it (the rabbit) on their way home (as they walked home) and (once) there, they threw it at her feet.

ce:vime Vreflex Unit [Neutr: indef 'e-ce:vime]: to drag

ex: B(<vab) 'ece:vime. It's dragging.

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ce:vimelku/ ciccvi ce:vimelku (dial: ce:vaimelku) N: towing chain ce:vimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see ce:vime) [Neutr: indef ce:vimme]: to tow, drag
obj repeatedly ex: ma:gina mo 'i hace:vimme= a tow truck (a car that tows things)

ci-

ciaagig s-Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ceciaagig): to be full of gila monsters in
a single location

ciaag (dial: ceaag) N indiv [pl: ceciaag]: gila monster

ex: 'Am o him g ciaag. There goes a gila monster. -- Smu'ij g ceciaag 'ama'i. Gila monsters are numerous down there.

cianda (Span: tienda) N inalien indiv [pl: cicianda]: shop, store (also called tianna or
tianda)

ciav[a]gid/ciav[i]gid Vtr [Neutr: def ciavag, ciavig, hort ciavagid/ciavigid]: to

contaminate obj ex: Pi g 'ab hu 'i miabid pt o nciavag! Don't come near me, you'll contaminate me!

ciavagidkam s- N subst aggreg: contagious one(s) ciavagidkam vu s- Stat Expr: to be (a) contagious one(s)
ex: Heg 'o o(vu) sciavagidkam mumkidag. That disease is contagious.

ciavagig s- Stat: to be contagious, catching

ex: No sciavagig? Is it contagious? -- Sciavagig g cinnak. Yawning is contagious.

ciavag see Vtr ciavagid: to contaminate obj ciccvi Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-cicvi) [Neutr: indef 'e-ciccvi]: to compete (for
several teams); to be playing different kinds of games against each other ex: 'Am 'o hi a(<va) 'eciccvi. There is a tournament on (various teams are competing down there).

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ciccvidam/ cickpan ciccvidam see N subst cicvidam= player of (a certain game) ciccviag see N cicviag= game ciccviku see N cicviku= toy cic[i]llihi see N cilhi= policeman cicimun see N cimun= tongue of plow or wagon cicind[a]d Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-cindad) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-cicindad]: to
kiss each other (several pairs of people) ex: 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)cicindad! Kiss each other!

Cicino see N Ci:no= Chinaman cicivo see N civo= hair of beard, beard ciciol[i]mag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ciol[i]mag): to be full of cholla cacti,
cholla buds, in several locations

cic[i]va (dial: cici[v]ia) Vintr mult (for sing see civa) [Neutr: def and hort cicva. Interr:
cicva-him]: to move in, to settle somewhere (several families) ex: T 'i o 'i cicva. I hear they are going to move in here. -- Cicvahim 'o. They are ready to move in.

cic[i]va Vintr sing [Neutr: indef cicva]: to move in repeatedly (a single family)
ex: 'An 'o 'i cum cicva. They (one family) keep moving in and out of there.

cic[i]vapa Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-civapa) sing [Neutr: indef 'e-cic[i]vapa]: to
move one's things in repeatedly (said of a single family) ex: Cum hekid hasko 'i 'i(<'e)cicvapa. They keep settling in different places (they repeatedly settle somewhere).

cic[i]vapa Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-civapa) [Neutr: indef 'e-cicvapa]: to move
one's things in (several families)

cic[i]vapa Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-civapa) [Neutr: indef 'e-cicvapa. Dur: 'ecicvapaa-d]: to move one's things in again and again (several families)

cickp see V cickpan= to work in various places, in various groups cickpan Vintr Distr (for Unit see cikpan) [Neutr: def cickp; hort and indef cickpan]:
to work in various places, in various groups

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cickpan/ cicviag cickpan see N cikpan= work, job cicminniya see N cimin:ya = fireplace Cicno see N Ci:no= Chinaman cicpi'a Vintr mult (for sing see ci:pia) [Neutr: def and hort cicpi'a. Correl: cicpi'a-k;
immed: cicpi'a-ka-'i. Compl: cicpi'a-yok; immed: cicpi'a-yoka-'i. Interr: cicpi'a-him.]: to move out (several families) ex: Tt o cicpi'a 'am Cuk-on vui. We are going to move to Tuscon. -- Cicpi'ahim 'o. They are about to move out. -- Tt o 'ip cicpi'ayoka'i. We'll move out first.

cicpi'a Vintr Repet (for Unit see ci:pia) sing: to move out repeatedly (one family) cicpan Vtr pls (for sgs see cipan) [Neutr: def cicpa; hort cicpan]: to dip one's
finger in obj and lick one's finger

cicvi Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cicvi; imper sgs cicvi-, pls cicvi-o. Correl: cicvi-k;
immed: cicvi-ka-'i. Dur: cicvi-d. Interr: cicvi-him]: to play a game with obj ex: T o tcicvi si'alim. They are supposed to play against us tomorrow. -- Bo:l 'ant o cicvi. I'll play ball (with the ball). -- Himk cicvi! Go and play (with him or it)! -Himk cicvi g 'ebo:l! Go and play with your ball! -- 'Am 'o cicvi ha'icu. He/they are playing (with something). -- 'I:da'a viapo'ogel 'o cicvi g kad:di. This boy is playing with marbles. -- 'I 'o tcicvi ves avai. They play against us here every Saturday. --hebi(>heba'i) o 'oyopodc o cicvid g 'a'al. wherever there will be children playing. -- Kunt heghekaj o cicvik o mua hega'i ba:b. Having played against him with that (the gins set), I will kill my grandfather.

cicvi Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-ciccvi): to play a game with each other
ex: ..mat 'ab o a(<va) 'ecicvi g 'eba:bamam. ..that grandfather and grandson are going to have a match against each other. -- hekid gm hu o 'i jivak 'am o 'ecicvi ve:maj! after you have gotten over there play a match against him! -- matp 'am 'ecicvi gve:m 'eba:b. that he had a match against his grandfather. -- Heg 'o ve:maj 'ecicvi. They have a game with each other.

cicvidam in bo:l-cicvidam NComp(?) [sing: bo:l-cicvidam; mult: bo:l-ciccvidam]:

ball players of one team

cicviag Stat: to be good at playing (a game) cicviag s-ta- Stat: to be real good at playing (a game) cicviag N sg [pl: ciccviag]: game
ex: T o ho(<ha)ge:g g cicviag. They are going to win the game over them.

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cicviku/ cihaig cicviku N inalien aggreg [distr: ciccviku]: toy(s)

ex: Himk cicvi g 'ecicviku! Go and play with your toys! bo:l-cicviku NComp: stadium (place where ball games are being played)

cicviku-ki: N Comp: playland, penny arcade cicvim s- V subst tr: to wish to play (a game)
ex: Cum 'a scicvim g valahoku. I would like to play cards.

cicvim see Vtr cicvime= to go and play with/against obj cicvime Vtr Unit (for Repet see cicvimme) sgs [Neutr: def cicvim; hort and indef
cicvime]: to go and play with/against obj ex: 'I 'int(<'ant) 'i mcicvim. I came here to play with (against) you. -- Kunt 'a:i ab jivak mcicvimec 'ab 'ab hab cu'ig mant 'a:i o ul 'i:da'a ginsku ve:pegk. Since I am the one who came here to play against you, it's up to me to be the first one to throw the gins set.

cicvimk s-cu- Stat [Neutr: indef s-cu-cicvimk]: to be playful

ex: Heg 'o scucicvimk. He is playful.

cicvimkam s- N subst aggreg: one who likes to play cicvimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see cicvime) [Neutr: indef cicvimme]: to go and
play with/against obj repeatedly

ciha see vdtr ciha= to ask, order, hire, obj to do something ciha Vdtr Unit (for Distr see cecia) [Neutr: def ciha; hort and indef ciha. Dur:
cihaid]: to ask, order, hire, somebody to do something ex: Nt o ha'icu mciha. I have some work for you (I'll hire you for something). -- Nt o mciha pt o cikp. I'll hire you to do the work. -- Pi g 'am nciha! Don't ask me to do it! -Ha-g-ciha! Ask them to do it? -- Cihai! Make him do it! -- tp 'am hi a(<va) cum ciha g Ban mat o hema hagevckva. Coyote kept trying in vain to make her hit one of them (with a stick). -- Pi g 'am ncihaid! Don't order me around!

ciha Vreflex: to make each other do something cihaig N inalien: law, rule
ex: cihaigaj g Jio= the (his) law(s) of God. Jio-Cihaig NComp (?): God's Law(s) Vestmam Cihaig NComp(?): the Ten Commandments

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cihaig/ cikpan cihaig vu Stat Expr: to be the law

ex: a:cu 'o o(<vu) cihaig 'i:ya'a? What is the law here?

cihinnak Vintr Repet (for Unit see cinnak) [Neutr: indef cihinnak. Dur: cihinnaka-d]:
to yawn repeatedly

cihinnakcud Vtr impers Repet (for Unit see cinnakcud) [Neutr: indef cihinnacud]:
to make obj yawn repeatedly ex: Vab 'i ge ncihinnakcud. It just makes me yawn.

ciho (dia: ceho) N alien indiv [sg (loc: ciho-c-'ea); pl: cecio; distr: ce:cio]: cave cihog Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ce:ciog) sing [mult: cec[h]iog]: there is a cave
ex: Gn hu si ku:gi 'an 'an cihog. Way up on the (its) summit there is a cave.--... do'agt'ab mo 'ob(<'ab) go:kpa ceciogon the side of the mountain side where there are two caves.

cihoga Stat sing: to have a cave cihot V sing: to make a cave (somewhere) Ciho Vavhai NExpr(?): name of a village cikp see Vtr/ intr cikpan= to work (at obj) cikpan Vtr/ intr Unit (for Distr see cickpan) [Neutr: def cikp; hort and indef cikpan;
imper sgs cikpana-, pls cikpan-o. Correl: cikpan-k; immed: cikpan-ka-'i. Compl: cikpanok; immed: cikpan-oka-'i. Interr: cikpana-him. Dur: cikpana-d.]: to work (at obj) ex: Tako 'ont(<'ant) si cikp, no:omahim 'a. Yesterday I worked hard, I did my sewing. -- Si 'i(<'a) cikpan, mo:omid 'a. I am working hard, I am doing your sewing. -Cikpan 'o g hua. She is working at a basket. -- Stoc hekaj pi ha'icu cikpan. It's too hot to do any work. -- Cikpan 'o c hab ma:s. He looks like somebody who works (he works and it shows). -- M 'a ab a 'i cikpan. I am still working there. -- T sko'okam 'eju: cum si cikpanka'i. He hurt himself by working too hard. --'An 'ant o cikpank hekaj 'am o 'i melic g ki:dag. I'll work in order to support myself (run my own life). -- heghekaj mac hab tvua mac 'am haha 'i cum ha'icu cikpank hab 'evua mo sto. because we continually experience the fact that every time we try to work it's hot. -- Kutt gm hu shevhogim s'ap o cikpanad. In cool weather we'll work well. -- Vo ei matp has o 'i 'eju:kcid, 'o vo'okad 'o da:kad, ha'icu 'o cikpanad. See what she is doing, whether she is lying down or sitting or working at something. -- M 'ant ab o a(<va) 'i cikpanad. I'll keep on working there. -Si'alim nt o si cikpanad, nt o no:omad. Tomorrow I'll be working hard, I'll be doing my sewing. -- Sko'okam 'eju: 'ea mo 'am cikpanahim. He hurt himself while he was working.-- B(<'ab) 'a cum cikpanahim. I used to work up there.

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cikpan/ cikpame cikpan Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-cikpan]: there is work

ex: Mi:nas 'am 'ecikpan. There is work at the mine.

cikpan N inalien [sing (3rd pers sg: cikpana-j; loc: cikpan-t-'ab); mult and distr:
cickpan]: work, job ex: 'I ve:mt 'ab cikpant'ab! Help me with the work! -- S'e-'o-ma:c ha'icu cikpant'ab. He is good at whatever work (he does). -- hacikpan= their work (they work together) -hacickpan= their respective work. 'oidag-cikpan NComp (?): farm work, farming

cikpan vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's work, job

ex: mo 'am he'ekia ha'icu u 'i 'u'uv hacikpan. (she was good at) the various kinds of womanly activities.

cikpanacud Vtr [Neutr: def cikpanac; hort cikpanacud]: to make obj work
ex: Tako 'ont(<'ant) si cikpanac. Yesterday I made him work hard. -- Pi g 'am si ncikpanacud! Don't make me work hard!

cikpan[a]dag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-cickpan[a]dag]: to be good at working

ex: Heg 'o scikpanadag. He is good at working.

cikpanad[a]ma s- V subst: to appear to be working

ex: M 'o a scikpanadma. I thought he was working there.

cikpan[a]ag s-cu- Stat sgs: to be a skillful, gifted, worker

ex: Ha'icu scikpanaag, shuataag, sgihotaag, smaintaag. She is a skillful worker, she is good at making baskets, carrying baskets, mats.

cikpanag Stat impers Unit: there is work in one location

ex: Pi 'o 'on(<'an) hu cikpanag hemu. There is no work around here at present.

cikpanaku N inalien aggreg [distr: cickpanaku]: tool(s)

cikpanaku-ma:gina NComp(?) inalien indiv [pl: cikpanaku-mamagina]: work car

cikpanam see V cikpaname= to go and work cikpaname V Unit sgs (for pls see cikpanop) [Neutr: def cikpanam; hort
cikpaname]: to go and work ex: Gm 'at hu cikpanam Jevak vui. I went to work at Jevak.

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cikpandam/ cind[a]d cikpandam N subst indiv [pl: cickpandam]: worker (one who keeps on working)
nolotakuc'e-cikpandam NComp (?): store keeper, clerk tiannac'e-cikpandam NComp (?): store keeper, clerk 'oidag-cikpandam NComp (?): farm laborer

cikpandam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a worker

ex: D(<vu) 'o si sgevkam cikpandam. He is a very hard worker.

cikpanop V pls (for sgs see cikpaname) [Neutr: def cikpano]: to go and work
ex: Gm 'at hu cikpano Jevak vui. They went to work at Jevak.

cikpa see Vtr cikpa[i]d= to work for obj cikpa[i]d Vtr [Neutr: def cikpa; hort and indef cikpaid. Dur: cikpaida-d. Interr:
cikpaida-him]: to work for obj ex: Nt o cikpa. I'll work for him.-- Nt o ho(<ha)cikpa. I'll work for them /for somebody). -- 'Am 'a a(<va) ha'icu 'al hacikpaidc heghekaj gegusidc me:nda. All along I did odd jobs for people in order to feed myself as I was waiting for you. -- M 'ant ab o a(<va) 'i cikpaidad. I'll keep on working for him.

cikpaidame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see cikpaidop) [Neutr: def cikpaidam; hort
cikpaidame]: to go and work for obj ex: Cikpaidam 'at g Father 'ab Jevak 'ab. He went to work for Father at Jevak.

cikpaidop Vtr pls (for sgs see cikpaidame [Neutr: def cikpaido]: to go to work
for obj ex: Cikpaido 'at g Father 'ab Jevak 'ab. They went to work for Father at Jevak.

cilhi (dial: calihi) N alien indiv [pl: cic[i]llihi]: policeman ciminya (Span: chimenea) N inalien indiv [pl: cicminniya]: fireplace cimun (Span: timon) N alien, inalien indiv [pl: cicimun]: tongue of plow or wagon
gi:k-cimun NComp(?) indiv: plow tongue kalit-cimun NComp(?) indiv: wagon tiller

cind[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def and hort and indef cindad; imper sgs cindda-. Interr: cinddahim. Dur: cindda-d]: to kiss obj once ex: Nat mcindad g 'uv? Has the girl kissed you? -- Nt o cindad. I'll kiss her. -- Cindda! Kiss her! -- 'I hacinddahi! Kiss them (one after the other, in a row)!-- M g ab 'i cinddad! Just go on kissing her!

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cind[a]d/ ci cind[a]d Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-cicind[a]d) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'ecindad. Dur: 'e-cindda-d]: to kiss each other (one pair of people) ex: Cum hekid 'ecindad. They (two people) kiss each other all the time. -- B(<vab) o 'i 'i(<'e)cinddad! Just go on kissing each other!

cind[a]da Vtr [Neutr: indef cindada] to kiss obj several times

ex: No mcindada? Does she/he kiss you again and again?

cinna see Vintr cinnak= to yawn cinnak Vintr Unit (for Repet see cihinnak) [Neutr: def and hort cinna; indef cinnak.
Correl cinna-k. Dur: cinnaka-d. Interr: cinnak[i]-him]: to yawn ex: Si cinnak gamai hu koi. He gave a great big yawn and fell asleep. -- Pi g 'am cinna. Don't yawn (once). -- Cum hekid cinnak. He yawns all the time. -- Pi g 'am cinnakad. Don't be yawning constantly. -- Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o cinnakad. Soon I'll be yawning continually. -- Cinnakhim 'o. He is yawning and yawning (with interruptions).

cinnak[a]dam N subst: one who yawns continually cinnakc see Vtr impers cinnakcud= to make obj yawn cinnakcud Vtr impers Unit (for Repet see cihinnakcud) [Neutr: def cinnakc; indef
cinnakcud. Dur: cinnakcuda-d]: to make obj yawn ex: Ncinnakc. It made me yawn (once). -- Sko:simcudc ncinnakcud. It makes me sleepy and makes me yawn.

cinnak N: act of yawning once

ex: Sciavgig g cinnak. Yawning is contagious.

ci (dial: ce) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg cii-j); pl/distr: ci:ci]: mouth, beak, bill
ex: Nt o 'i vegij g nci. I'll put lipstick on (I'll redden my mouth). -- 'I vegijid g 'eci! Put lipstick on! 'ak ci NExpr indiv [pl: 'a'ak ci:ci]: mouth of a wash (the place where the water spreads out and no longer runs inside the bed of the wash) ex: 'a'ak ci:ci 'an o sva'usigk g jevu. at the mouths of washes the soil will be moist. 'Ak Ci NExpr: name of a village near Santa Rosa

ci Stat sgs/sing [pls/mult: ci:ci]: to have a mouth, a beak, a bill

ex: a 'i ge'e ci. He has a pretty big mouth. -- ma 'an g 'ak ge 'i ci. where the wash is said to have its mouth (unexpectedly).

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cikam/ cioagi cikam N subst: one with a mouth

ex: hega'i ge'e cikam: that one with the big mouth Kavh:-Cikam NComp (?): a nickname (coffee-mouth)

civa Vintr Unit sgs: to hit one's mouth ci-vegijidaku NComp inalien mass: lipstick ci-vegijidaku NComp inalien indiv [pl: ci-vepegijidaku]: lipstick tube
ex: Nt o hema nolot g ci-vegijidaku. I'll buy one lipstick tube. -- Nt o ha'i hanolot g ci-vepegijidaku. I'll buy a few lipstick tubes.

civo N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg civo-j); distr: cicivo]: hair of beard, beard
ex: g Hu: g 'ecivo 'i a hu ha'i vakumi'ok 'am ul ciolim da:m. It is said that Corn broke off a few hairs from his beard and threw them on top of the cholla. hu:-civo NComp(?): corn tassel, silk pilka-civo NComp(?) aggreg: wheat tassel

civo Stat sgs: to have a beard civo s-Stat sgs: to have a big, long beard civokam N subst sg: one with a beard (same as civola)
civokam-pilka NComp alien aggreg: a variety of wheat with tassel

civokam s- N subst sg: one with a big, long, beard civola N subst sg: one with a beard (same as civokam) civot Vintr [Neutr: def civot. Interr: civota-him]: to get, grow silk (corn)
ex: 'I civot 'at. It (the corn) has grown its silk. -- Civotahim 'o. It (the corn) is about to grow its silk.

cioagcu s- N sg: very rough, coarse one cioagi Vintr sgs (for pls see cecioagi) [Neutr: def cioagi. Interr: cioagi-him]: to
become rough, coarse (similar to ceka) ex: Ge 'et(<'at) cioagi. It is (now) unexpectedly rough. -- Cioagihim 'o. It is getting to be rough.-- Ge 'et(<'at) cecioagi. They are (now) unexpectedly rough. -- Cecioagihim 'o. They are getting to be rough.

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cioagid/ ciojt cioagid Vtr sgo (for plo see cecioagid) [Neutr: def and hort cioagid]: to roughen
obj (same as cioagijid; similar to cekad)

cioagijid Vtr sgo (for plo see cecioagijid) [Neutr: def cioagij; hort cioagijid]: to
roughen obj (same as cioagid; similar to cekad)

cioag[] Stat sg [pls: cecioag[]: to be rough, coarse (similar to s-cek) ciohi see Vreflex 'e-ciohin= to support oneself with a cane ciohin Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ciohi; hort 'e-ciohin. Interr: 'e-ciohina-him]: to support
oneself with a cane or something serving as a cane (see also 'e-ciop) ex: Pt o bei g 'u:s k hekaj o 'o(<'e)ciohi! Get a stick and use it as a cane (support yourself with it)! -- Nciohinahim 'a. I walk with a cane (I am moving supporting myself).

cioj (dial: ceoj) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg cioji-j); pl: cecioj]: young male cioj N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: cioj=ga-j]: young man working for somebody cioj vu Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu cioj; def vu cioj=k); pls: vu cecioj]: to be a
male ex: ...vu o a ciojk mt a hekaj o mua! ...if it's a male, kill him right away! -- ..heghekaj mo o(<vu) cecioj hegam ma:maaj. ..because her children were males.

cioj-cucul NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg n-cioj-cucul=ga); pl: cecioj-cucul]:
young rooster

ciojag Stat sgs [pls: ceciojag]: to be masculine (same as ciojig)

ex: Heg 'o ge ciojag. She is somewhat masculine.

ciojig Stat sgs [pls: ceciojig]: to be masculine (same as ciojag)

ex: Heg 'o ciojig 'uv. That woman is masculine.

ciojim s- Adv: generously, magnamiously

ex: Sciojim cu'i. He behaved generously.

cioj ma NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg cioj -ma); pl: cecioj ma:ma]: son (of
a woman)

ciojt Vintr sgs: to become a young man

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cioj ve:nag/ cipan cioj ve:nag NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: cioj -ve:nag); pl: cecioj vepnag]:
brother

cioj 'ali NExpr alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: cioj -'ali=ga); pl: cecioj 'a'al]: son cioj 'alidag NExpr inalien indiv [sg(1st pers sg: cioj -'alidag); pl: cecioj 'a'alidag]: son
(of a man)

ciolim (dial: ceolim) N alien aggreg: cholla cactus; cholla bud(s)

ex: Nt o ha'i cuama g ciolim. I am going to bake (in a pit) a few cholla buds.

ciol[i]mag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ciciol[i]mag): to be full of cholla cacti
in one location

ciolim-bahidag NComp alien aggreg: cholla fruits ciolimga Stat: to have cholla buds ciolim-to'olvadag NComp alien aggreg: cholla fruits ciop N alien/inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ciopi[=ga]-j; loc: ciop-c-'ed); pl: ceciop]:
church

cio see Vreflex 'e-ciop= to support oneself with a cane ciop Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cio. Interr: 'e-ciopa-him]: to support oneself with a cane
or something serving as a cane (same as 'e-ciohin) ex: elma 'a nciopahim. I am almost at the age (when I will have) to walk with a cane.

ciovku (dial: ceovku) N: cane cipa see Vtr cipan= to dip one's finger in obj cipan Vtr sgs (for pls see cicpan) [Neutr: def cipa; hort cipan]: to dip one's finger
once in obj and lick one's finger (same as cipun) ex: Nt o 'i cipa g huas-ha'a. I'll dip my finger in the plate. -- M g 'i cipan! Dip your finger in it! -- Pi g 'am cipan g huas-ha'a! Don't dip your finger in the plate! -- M g o 'i cicpan! Dip your fingers in it! -- Cum hekid cipan g huas-ha'a. He constantly dips his fingers in the plate (and licks his finger) all the time.

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cipa/ ci:ci cipa Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef cipa ]: to dip one's finger several times in obj and lick
one's finger

cipu see Vtr cipun= to dip one's finger once in obj cipun Vtr sgs [Neutr: def cipu]: to dip one's finger once in obj (same as cipan) civa (dial: cia) Vintr Unit sing (for mult see cic[i]va) [Neutr: def and hort civa. Interr:
civa-him]: to move in once, to settle somewhere (a single family) ex: Ba:pt 'i civa? Where did you settle down?-- Pt hebi(<heba'i) o 'i civa? Where are you going to settle down? -- ..'am hab 'i 'i(<'e)'a: matp 'ab o 'i civa 'aba'i. ..he decided that he would settle down there. -- Nap 'am civahim? Are you ready to move in there?

civa[a]d Vreflex sing [Neutr: def 'e-civaad. Interr: 'e-civa[a]da-him]: to do one's

moving in (a single family) ex: Hekid 'apt 'am o 'ecivaad 'ama'i? When are you going to do your moving in there? -Nt o 'ip 'i ncivaad. First I'll do my moving (in). -- Ncivaadahim 'a. I am ready to do my moving in (I am about to move in).

civapa Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-cic[i]vapa) sing (for mult see 'e-cic[i]vapa):
to move in, bring one's things in (a single family) ex: Pt o 'i iahi, nt o 'ip s'ap ncivapa! Wait for me, I want to straighten out my things first! -- 'I 'att 'i tcivapa. We settled here. -- Namt 'i 'i(<'e)civapa? Did you people settle here? -- 'I a tcivapahim 'ac. We are moving our things in here.

civapa Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-cic[i]vapa) [Neutr: indef 'e-civapa. Dur: 'ecivap[a]a-d]: to move one's thing in to settle somewhere (said of a single family) ex: Nt o 'ip si s'ap ncivapad. I want to be moving my things in properly first (before I do anything else).

civi-cu:c NComp aggreg: sand piper; nickname for person with long legs

ci:-

ci:ci see N ci= mouth, beak, bill ci:ci see Stat ci= to have a mouth, a beak, a bill

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Ci:no/ cuamaiku Ci:no (Span: chino) N indiv [pl: cic[i]no]: Chinaman Ci:nokaj Adv: like a Chinaman
ex: ci:nokaj vu:puikam= one with eyes like a Chinaman

ci:no-ki: NComp [loc: ci:no-ki:-c-'e]: outhouse (chinese house) ci:pia Vintr Unit (for Repet see cicpi'a) sing (for mult see cicpi'a) [Neutr: def and hort
ci:pia. Correl ci:pia-k; immed: ci:pia-ka-'i. Compl: ci:pia-yok; immed: ci:pia-yoka-'i. Interr: ci:pia-him]: to move out (a single family) ex: Tt o ci:pia 'am Cuk-on vui. We are going to move (out of here and go) to Tuscon. -Ci:piahim 'o. They are about to move out. -- Tt o 'op(<'ip) ci:piayoka'i! Let's move out first!

cu-

cuaggia N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg cuaggia-j); pl: cucaggia]: carrying net cuaggia Stat sing [mult: cucaggia]: to have a carrying net
ex: Nap ge cuaggia? Do you(sg) have a carrying net?

cuaggiat Vtr sing: to make a carrying net out of obj cuama Vtr [Neutr: def and hort cuama]: to bake obj in a pit
ex: Nt o cuama g cu:v. I'll cook the rabbit in a pit.-- M g ab cuama! (Why don't you) cook it in a pit! -- Nt o ha'i cuama g ba:bas. I'll bake a few potatoes in a pit.

cuamai N inalien: something being baked in a pit

ex: B(<hab) 'a 'elid mat hemho a(<va) skeg o bai g 'emcuamai. I think that what you(pl) are baking in a pit will cook well. cu:kug cuamai NExpr inalien [2nd per sg: cu:kug m-cuamai]: meat baked in a pit

cuamaiku N: baking pit

ex: ciolim 'i:tacugk 'am 'iava cuamaikuc'e .having brought a basketful of cholla she poured it in the baking pit.

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cuamais/ cuckagid cuamais Stat: to be baked in a pit

ex: No cuamais g cu:kug? Has the meat been baked in a pit?

cuav N aggreg: grey fox cucaggia see N cuaggia= carrying net cucaggia see Stat cuaggia= to have a carrying net cucajma see Stat s-cu'ajma= to be agile, light-footed cucckugvaag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-cuckugvaag): to be full of
crickets in several locations

cucculig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-cuculig): to be full of chickens in several
locations

cuccupig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-cucupig): to be full of ground squirrels,
chipmunks in various locations

cuck see Adj s-cuk= black cuck see Stat s-cuk= to be black cucka (redupl of cuka) s-Vintr Repet [Neutr: s-cucka. Dur: s-cuckaa-d]: to get to
be night, dark, repeatedly ex: c hekid o 'ip scucka 'ant haha vo hihhimad. ..and every night I will keep on walking.

cuckagad Adv: every night

ex: No cum hekid jijivha cuckagad? Do you come every night? -- Cum hekid 'a vaillamme avai cuckagad. Every Saturday night I go dancing.

cuckagid V Repet [Neutr: indef cuckagid. Dur: cuckagida-d]: to do something until it

gets dark, repeatedly ex: Cikpanc cuckagidc haha 'i jijivha. He works (during the day) and comes back at night. -- ...c hekid o 'ip cuckagidad 'ant haha vo hihhimad. ... every night I'll keep on walking.

cuckagid V Repet (for Unit see cuhugid) [Neutr: indef cuckagid]: to be in the sky
early at night (moon or stars)

cuckagid s- Vreflex Repet (for Unit see s-'e-cuhigid) sgs [Neutr: indef s'ecuckagid]: to black out, faint repeatedly ex: 'In 'o 'i cuckagid g maad. It's the middle of the month (the moon is in the sky early every night)

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cuckag/ cuc cuckag see N cukag= body dirt cuck-kaikam NComp alien aggreg: a variety of melon seeds with black seeds cucku (asson of *cucka) Vtr Repet (for Unit see cu:cku-) sgo [Neutr: indef cucku.
Dur: cucku-d]: to put obj astride on one's back repeatedly ex: Shoho'id mant ab o cuckud. He likes for me to put him astride on my back.

cucku (asson of *cucka) Vintr pls (for sgs see cuku) [Neutr: def cucku. Interr: cuckuhim]: to become black (same as cucku?)

cucku (asson of *cucka) Vintr pls (for sgs see cuku): to become black, dirty cuckugva see N cukugva= cricket cuckugvaag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cucckugvaag): to be full of
crickets in one location

cuckujid (asson of *cuckajid) Vtr plo (for sgs see cukujid) [Neutr: def cuckuj; hort
cuckujid]: to blacken obj ex: Nt o cuckuj g nu:k. I'll put some black shoe polish on my shoes. -- Cuckujid 'a g nu:k. I put black shoe polish on my shoes.

cuckujidaku in ha'icu cuckujidaku NExpr: instrument with which to blacken

things vu:pui-cuckujidaku NComp: eye pencil u:k-cuckujidaku NComp: black shoe polish

cuckum see Adv s-cukuma= of a dark, deep color cuckuma Vintr pls (for sgs see cukuma) [Neutr: def cuckuma. Interr: cuckuma-him]:
to become darker, to get a darker, deeper shade

cuckumugag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-cukumugag): to be full of gnats in
several locations

cuc Vtr Repet (for Unit see cu:) sgo [Neutr: indef cuc . Dur: cuca-d]: to blow out,
put out, extinguish (a fire), turn off (a light) repeatedly ex: Hekid o 'i ha'as jejjenadc o cucad g 'esigalga! Every time you get to the end of your cigarette (you stop smoking), put it out! -- M g ab 'i cucad! Be sure to put it out every time (a cigarette)!

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cucadam/ cucul-ga'i cucadam in ha'icu cucadam NExpr: one whose job is to extinguish smth
ki:-cucadam NComp(?) aggreg: fireman, firemen (same as tai-cucadam) tai-cucadam NComp(?) aggreg: fireman, firemen (same as ki:-cucadam)

cucuhu: see Stat s-cuhu:= to be grey cucui see N cu'i= flour, powder cucuid has VExpr intr Repet (for Unit see has cu'id) [Neutr: indef has cucuid]: to act,
behave in a certain way (similar to has 'e-jujju) pi 'ap has cucuid VExpr intr Repet: to do the wrong thing repeatedly ex: Pi 'ap has cucuid. He does the wrong thing each time. s'ap has cucuid VExpr intr Repet: to do the right thing repeatedly

cucuiku see N cu'iku= instrument with which to reduce something to powder cucuipid Vtr Distr (for Unit see cuipid) [Neutr: def cucuip, hort cucuipid]: to
prepare food to be eaten

cucul N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg: cucul=ga-j]: chicken

ex: vu haooiga. (chickens) are someone's domesticated animals cioj-cucul NComp alien indiv [pl: cecoj-cucul]: young rooster keli-cucul NComp alien indiv [pl: kekel-cucul]: old rooster 'oks-cucul NComp alien indiv [pl: 'o'ok-cucul]: old hen 'uv-cucul NComp alien indiv [pl: 'u'uv-cucul]: young hen

cuculag Stat: to go to bed as early as a chicken (to be like a chicken)

ex: a cuculag 'o hega'i. He goes to bed like a chicken (he is like a chicken).

cuculga Stat: to have (a) chicken(s)

ex: Nap ge cuculga? Do you have any chickens? -- Nap ha'i cuculga? Do you have chickens?

cuculga s- Stat: to have lots of chickens

ex: Nap scuculga? Do you have lots of chickens?

cuculgakadma s- Vsubst: to seem to have a lot of chickens cucul-ga'i NComp inalien indiv [pl: cucul-gagei]: roast chicken (not cut up in pieces)
ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'i'ov g ncucul-ga'i? Is my roast chicken tasty?

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cucul-hido/ cudvup cucul-hido NComp inalien mass: chicken stew

ex: Mcucul-hido 'o s'i'ov. Your chicken stew is delicious.

cuculig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cuculig): to be full of chickens in one
location

cucul-ma NComp alien indiv [pl (1st pers sg: n-cucul-ma:ma=ga)]: chick cucul-mo'o NComp alien indiv [pl: cucul-mo:m]: chicken head cucul-nonha NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg n-cucul-nonha=ga]: chicken egg(s) cucul-'a'an NComp alien/inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg: cucul-'a'an[=ga]-j]: chicken
feathers

cucul-'i'ispul NComp aggreg: a flower, larkspur (chicken spurs; also called

kuko-vu:pulim)

cucupig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cucupig): to be full of ground squirrels,
chipmunks in a single location

cucup N alien aggreg: ground squirrel, chipmunk cuc[u]va (redupl of cu:va) Vintr sgs [Neutr: def cuc[u]va. Interr: cuc[u]va-him]: to
have menstruated twice, to be past puberty (same as 'e-na:to) ex: Hek 'at hu cucva. She is past puberty (she has already menstruated twice).

cucuvis (dial: cucuis) N aggreg: organ pipe cactus cucuvisag (dial: cucuisag) s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of organ pipe cactus in one
location

cudva Vintr Unit (for Repet see cudvup) sgs (for pls see cu:cudva) [Neutr: def and
hort cudva]: to land from a jump on both feet ex: M(<'am) o 'i da'ak ga hu o cudva 'aigoji! Jump and land on both feet on the other side! -- 'I da:'i 'am vaika da:m k ga hu 'aigo cudva! Jump over the ditch and land on both feet on the other side! -- M(<'am) o 'i da'ak ga hu o cudva! Jump and land on both feet!

cudvup Vintr Repet (for Unit see cudva) sgs (for pls see cu:cudvup) [Neutr: indef
cudvup]: to land from a jump on both fe:t repeatedly ex: 'Id dadec cudvup. He keeps jumping and landing on both feet.

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cuhiva/ cuhugam cuhiva Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cuhiva; imper sgs cuhiva-. Dur: cuhiva-d]: to
mash, grind, a wet or soft obj (meat) ex: Nt o ha'i cuhiva g pool. I'll grind some of my pool (corn or wheat boiled in unsalted water). -- Cuhiva! Grind (mash) it! -- M g 'i cuhiva! Grind it (the meat)! -- Cum hekid 'a cuhiva. I usually mash it.

cuhiva Vtr [Neutr: indef cuhiva ]: to mash, grind a soft or wet obj reiteratedly cuhivi N inalien mass [3rd pers sg: cuhivi-j]: something mashed or ground, such as
ground meat (called cu:kug cuhivi) ex: cum 'al bebbhe g cuhivij. he keeps trying in vain to grab his ground meat. ba:bas cuhivi NExpr (?) mass: mashed potatoes cu:kug cuhivi NExpr (?) mass: ground meat, hamburger meat

cuhivid Vdtr [Neutr: def cuhiv; hort cuhivid]: to mash, grind a wet or soft substance
for somebody ex: Nant 'am o 'i mcuhiv? Shall I grind it for you? -- M g 'i ncuhivid! Grind it for me!

cuhivis Stat: to be mashed, ground (a soft or wet substance, see also cu'is)
ex: No cuhivis? Is it mashed (ground)?

cuhiv see Vdtr cuhivid= to mash, grind obj for somebody cuhug Adv: at night, last night, tonight
ex: Napt 'i jiva cuhug? Did you arrive last night? -- 'i vo 'i 'i(<'e)hemapa hemu, cuhug! Gather here soon, tonight! -- 'am ab oak cuhug. He was crying in the night. ba'ic cuhug Adv Expr: the night after next g[a]m[ai] hu ba'ic 'i 'ep cuhug Adv Expr: the night after the night after next g[a]m[ai] hu ge cuhug Adv Expr: all through the night until the following morning ex: Gm hu ge cuhug ei. They sang all through the night. -- ia gami 'atp hu ge cuhug ei. Well, they sang all through the night. ge cuhug Adv Expr: all night ex: Ge 'et(<'at) cuhug ju:. It rained all night. -- Ge cuhug na:ndak na:nda. All night she makes fire after fire. --.. 'am 'ehemapadk hab ge cuhug 'am na:nko 'i 'evuihim. ..having gathered there, all night they go about their various duties. ge cuhug 'oidk Adv Expr: all night long ex: ia ge cuhug 'oidk hab 'eju:. Well, this went on all night long. si'alim cuhug Adv Expr: tomorrow night

cuhugam s- Adv: by night, at night, in the darkness

ex: scuhugam vo dahak tai vui. at night they sit facing the fire. -- ia hab 'eju:k 'am himk gi'ik scuhugam Well, this happened and after it went on for four nights

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cuhugam/ cuhuggiacuhugam s- N subst: night, deep darkness

ex: 'am hu heba'i matp 'am he'es 'i hi: g scuhugam. sometime, when the night was well advanced (had gone a good amount). -- Scuhugam 'am u:dag da:m 'ep a 'i vo'o. Darkness was also (lying) above the water. -- 'id'ea scuhugam: in this darkness

cuhugam vu s- Stat Expr: to be night, darkness

ex: Himk 'am himk u 'i gi'ik scuhugam matp 'ab 'i koksi hega'i Ho'ok. This went on and on and the fourth night Ho'ok kept dozing off.

cuhugam s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-cuhugam; def s-cuhugam=k. Dur: s-cuhugam=ka-d.

Interr: s-cuhugam=ka-him]: to be completely dark (as without moonlight) ex: Cum hekid scuhugam. It is dark all the time. -- k 'oia pi 'a'ahe no pi scuhugam. and therefore he does not catch up with him because it is dark. -- Vat o kia scuhugamk. It will be dark for a while. -- Vat o scuhugamkad. It will stay dark. -- k ab 'am 'i scuhugam. and it is completely dark there.

cuhugamaj s- Adv: night (usually with a numeral)

ex: Begi k hab 'evua mat go:k scuhugamaj 'am o 'o(< 'e)e'ic hega'i navait. Well, what is usually done is that for two nights the wine will be sung for. -- gi'ik scuhugamaj pi ha ko:k. not having slept for four nights. -- Gi'ik scuhugamaj 'at 'an o bei 'i:da'a ha'icu'a:ga. This story will take four nights.

cuhugamk s- Adv: when it is dark

ex: Gi'ik scuhugamk o dahaiva g hemajkam. The fourth night the people will sit down. vab 'i scuhugamk Adv Expr: when it is still completely dark before dawn ex: Pt ab 'i scuhugamk o ia! Wake up before dawn! -- Vab 'i scuhugamk hi:. He left before dawn.

cuhugamk 'ea Adv Expr: in the dark

ex: ia k 'amje hab a(<va) masma 'am 'i 'ep himhi cuhugamk 'ea. Well, and from there as before he wandered again in the dark.

cuhugam 'ab s- Adv Expr: by night (same as cuhug 'ab)

ex: Na'ans scuhugam 'ab o hi:. It is likely that I will travel (on foot) by night. -- Gi'ik scuhugam 'ab 'at 'an o bei 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. This story will take four nights

cuhuggia N aggreg: a variety of wild spinach (also called cuhuggia-'i:vag) cuhuggiag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wild spinach in one location cuhuggia-'i:vag NComp aggreg: a variety of wild spinach (also called cuhuggia)

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cuhugid/ cuk cuhugid V Unit (for Repet see cuckagid) [Neutr: def cuhug]: to be in the sky early at
night (moon and stars) ex: 'In 'atk cuhug g maad. It is the middle of the month (the moon is (now) in the sky early at night).

cuhugid s- Vtr sgo [Neutr: def s-cuhug]: to blind object

ex: M 'at ab 'i sncuhug. It blinded me temporarily

cuhug 'ab Adv Expr: by night, at night (same as cuhugam 'ab)

ex: Na'ans cuhug 'ab o hi:. I will very likely travel (on foot) by night.

cuhug 'e /cuhugc'e Adv Expr/Comp: at night, in the night

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id mans cuhug 'e o me:. I don't like to drive at night.-- Cuhugc'e 'o vaha 'i jijivha. He usually comes at night. ves cuhugc'e Adv Expr: every night ex: Ves cuhugc'e 'o vaha 'i jijivha. He usually comes every night

cuhug 'oidam Adv Expr: all through the night

ex: cuhug 'oidam ves cuhugc'e= all through the night every night

cuip Vintr Unit (for Repet see cuiap) [Neutr: def cui ; indef cuip]: to prepare food
to be eaten later, to do one's shopping

cuipid Vtr Unit (for Distr see cucuipid) [Neutr: def cuip; hort cuipid]: to prepare
food to be eaten later for somebody ex: Nant 'am o mcuip? Shall I prepare you(sg) some food to eat later on (a lunch basket)? -- 'Oi vo tcuip! Do prepare us a lunch basket (to eat later on) right away!

cuip see Vtr cuipid= to prepare food to be eaten later for somebody cuiap V Repet (for Unit see cuip) [Neutr: indef cuiap.Dur: cuiapa-d]: to get,
prepare food to be eaten later on, to do one's shopping, repeatedly

cuiu in 'e-vuhi cuiu VExpr [Neutr: def 'e-vuhi cui ; hort 'e-vuhi cuiu]: to
wink once (to press one's eyelids together) ex: Pt o 'i cui g 'evuhi! Wink (once)! -- M g 'i cuiu g 'evuhi! (Could you) wink (once)!

cuk s- Adj sg [pl: s-cuck]: black

ex: mo g scukcu. (black is) like a Black man. -- Scuk u kavyu. He is a black horse. 'ea-scuk NComp (?): one of the vopdaiku, tubes to play the vopda game (black in the middle)

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cuk/ cukua cuk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-cuk. Dur: s-cuka-d. Interr: s-cuka-him); pls: s-cuck]: to
be black si scuk Stat Expr: to be jet-black.

cuk s- Stat impers: to be dark, in darkness

ex: Kut 'oia 'am hab a scuk g jevu-ka:cim. Thereupon the whole world was in darkness. -- M 'at ab 'i scuk. It went completely dark. -- matp 'ea scuk. sometime during the night (it was then dark). -- 'am 'i scuk. it was dark.-- 'am 'i scuk tp hab a 'a(<'e)ju: mo 'om(<'am) hab 'evua. that night (when it was dark) they did what they usually do. -- G hu dada tp 'ea a 'i scuk. They got there early in the evening (when it was not completely dark). -- me:k 'i scuk= far in the night, late at night. -- matp 'i ma:sik 'i scuk= the next night (when it has gotten light, it is dark). scuk 'ab Adv Expr: on the black spot ex: ga hu scuk 'ab= up there on the black spot (where it is black) scuk 'e Adv Expr: in (the middle of) the black spot (where it is black)

cuk[a]ag N inalien mass [3rd pers sg cuk[a]da-j; distr cuck[a]dag]: body dirt
ex: 'an bei g 'ecukag. he rubbed off (took) his own body dirt.

cuk-cu:v[] NComp indiv [pl: cuck-cu:v[]]: black tail jackrabbit cuku (asson of *cuka) Vintr sgs (for pls see cucku) [Neutr: def cuku. Interr: cukuhim]: to become black ex: T o cuku g 'ailo. The ring will get black.-- Ku'ag 'atk cuku. The wood is (has become) black. -- Cukuhim 'o g u:dag. The water is getting black. -- Vat o cukuhid. It will be getting blacker and blaker.

cukud (asson of *cukad) Vtr sgo [Neutr: def, hort and indef cukud]: to blacken obj
(same as cukujid)

cuku N indiv [pl: cu:cku]: screech owl, western horned owl

ex: mo ge'e vu 'u'uvhig. (an owl is) that which is a big bird.

cuku (asson of *cuka) Vintr sgs (for pls see cucku) [Neutr: indef cuku]: to
become black (as a lamp from the fumes of kerosene) ex: No hob(<hab) a(<va) cuku g mla:mba sho:tam? Does your lamp get black fast? -Cuku g la:mba. The lamp gets black.

cukua Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef cukua ]: to become black reiterately

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cuku-oa/ cuk-vama cuku-oa NComp alien aggreg: date(s); date palm tree(s)
ex: Nap sna:k g cuku-oa? Do you want a date? -- Cuku-oat'ab 'o da. He is sitting in the top of the date palm tree.

cukugva N indiv [pl: cuckugva]: cricket; somebody who takes care of a baby
ex: Smu'ij g cuckugva. The crickets are numerous.

cukugva vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a cricket; to be the one taking care of the baby cukugva (dial: cuhugva) Vtr [Neutr: def cukugva]: to paralyze obj with fear
ex: Ncukugva ('at). It paralyzed me with fear.

cukuj see Vtr cukujid= to blacken obj cukujid (asson of *cukajid) Vtr sgo (for plo see cuckujid) [Neutr: def cukuj; hort and
indef cukujid]: to blacken obj (same as cukud) ex: Nt o cukuj g nu:k. I'll put black shoe polish on my shoe.-- Cukujida g 'esi:l cukuma! Put deep black on your saddle! -- Cukujid 'a g nu:k. I put black shoe polish on my shoe.

cukuma (asson of *cukama) s- Adv sgs [pl: s-cuckum]: of a dark, deep color, shade
(the opposite is s-ko:magim) ex: 'ab hi vab a 'i haei ma hab ha'icu 'al scuckam daha. they saw only kind of black things sitting there. -- Scukuma sce:dag. It is dark blue/green. -- Scukuma sveg. It is dark red. -- Scukuma ssi:bamag hega'i kavyu. That horse is dappled.

cukuma (asson of *cukama) Vintr sgs (for pls see cuckuma) [Neutr: def cukuma.
Interr: cukuma-him]: to get, become darker, of a deep shade ex: Cukumahim 'o. It is getting darker.

cukumug N aggreg: gnat(s)

ex: Smu'ij g cukumug. There are lots of gnats.

cukumugag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-cuckumugag): to be full of gnats in
one location

cuk-vama NComp indiv [pl: cuck-vahamma]: black racer snake

ex: ia c 'am hab haha cuk-vama 'evepog hega'i ma u ge'ecu. Well, and then he changed himself into a black racer snake, the one who was the eldest. -- Smu'ij g cuckvahamma. The black racer snakes are numerous (there).

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cuk-vamaag/ cuvhimun cuk-vamaag s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of black racer snakes in one
location

cum Part: try in vain to, would, would like to, unexpectedly, used to
ex: Gevko 'ont(<'ant) 'am cum eeidc. I got tired of trying in vain to see him. -- 'Ant hia 'am 'o'oc'e 'ab cum meadc. I got stuck in the sand as I was trying to get here (by car). -- M 'at hu si 'emelc ma 'am cum iok vui. He ran away at full speed when I tried (in vain) to talk to him. -- mehi 'ant cum 'i'iok g kavhi:. I burnt myself when I tried (in vain) to drink coffee -- 'I 'ant gei 'am cum keihink. I fell when I tried to kick him. -- ia k hekaj gokko va 'i cum na:to g jevu. Well for the second time, he tried in vain to create the world -- 'am hab cum 'evuihimc pi hea'i a 'i 'enako. in spite of their efforts nobody could (do it). -- Nap 'an a(<va) cum ehogid? Have you really looked for it in vain? -- Nt o cum 'oi. I'd like to go with him (but I can't). -- Nt o cum huhha g ka:ga t(<kut) 'oia ge ju:. I was going to haul my wheat but it rained. -- Tako 'o(<'a) cum shoho'id mant 'am o hi: Tuscon vui. Yesterday I would have liked to go to Tuscon -- Cum ha'icu ei ma 'ab ke:k hega'i ha:a. He saw with surprise that the cactus was there. -'Ab 'a cum ki:kahim Covered-Wells-t'ab. I used to live in Covered Wells. [va]b cum hascu Pron Expr: absolutely everything, just anything [va]b cum hebaicudc Adv Expr: now and then, here and there [va]b cum heba'i: absolutely everywhere, anywhere [va]b cum hea'i Pron Expr: absolutely anyone, just anyone [va]b cum hekid Conj Expr: anytime, sometime ex: M 'ant hab o a[va] ju: b(< vab ) cum hekid. I'll do it sometime.

cum heba'i Adv Expr: all over cum hekid Conj Expr: always, all the time cum a Part Expr: almost might
ex: M 'a cum a melcud. I might go there by car -- 'ab heba'i cum a 'ai g na:nko ta:hadkam c 'ab dahiva. Somewhere as tiredness almost overcame him he sat down (hearsay). -- C hab cum a ma:s mo g cuku. And it looks almost like an owl.

cum 'alo Adv Expr: almost

ex: Nt o 'i'ik cum 'al o 'i'ito. I'll drink (it) until I have almost drunk all of it.

cum 'a--s he'ekia Adv Expr: no matter how much

ex: ..cum 'as he'ekia vo hab a kaijid. ..no matter how much they say -- ..cum 'as he'ekia snamkig ha'icu vo 'emma:k. ..no matter how much they give you.

cuvhimun Vtr [Neutr: def cuvhimu; hort and indef cuvhimun. Dur: cuvhimuna-d]: to
crush obj (such as peas, roasted corn) with a single motion

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cuvhimun/ cu'ajmakam
ex: M g 'i cuvhimun! (Could you please) crush it/them! -- Nap cuvhimun 'i:da'a c hihido? Do you usually crush this before (and) you cook it?

cuvhimu Vtr [Neutr: indef cuvhimu ]: to crush obj with reiterated motions cuvhin Vtr [Neutr: def cuvhi; hort cuvhin]: to flick one's fingers once at obj
ex: Nt o mcuvhi. I'll flick my fingers at you. -- Pi g 'am ncuvhin! Don't flick your fingers at me!

cuvhi Vtr [Neutr: indef cuvhi]: to flick one's fingers several times at obj cuvidk N indiv [pl: cu'ucvidk]: mound, hump as on camel back cuvidk Stat impers sing [mult: cu'ucvidk]: there is a mound in one location
ex: 'Ama'i mo 'om(<'am) ge cuvidk. Down there where there is a mound.

cuvidk-'o:kam NComp(?): hunchpback (one with a hunched back) cuvckva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def and hort cuvckva]: to flick obj off once cuvkka Vtr [Neutr: def cuvkka; hort and indef cuvkka]: to flick one's fingers
several times at obj (this is done by the winner to the loser in games; see also cuvhin) ex: Pt o cuvkka! Flick your fingers at him (several times)! -- M g cuvkka ! Why don't you flick your fingers at him (several times)! -- Ncuvkka. He flicks his fingers at me!

cuvkka Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cuvkka]: to play at flicking one's fingers several
times at one another ex: Tt o tcuvkka! Let's play at flicking our fingers at each other!

cu'a Vtr [Neutr: def cui; hort cu:-'i; imper sgs cu'i-; pls cu'i-vo; indef cu'a. Dur: cu'a-d.
Interr: cu'i-him]: to reduce a dry obj to powder, to grind, pulverize obj (same as cu:t) ex: Nt o cui g pilka. I'll grind the wheat. -- ..hasitoidk 'am 'ep cu'ihim 'ep. ..after roasting it (the corn) for them she also grinds it. -- 'O'ok 'o cu'a g pilka. Old women grind wheat. -- ..cu'adc ku'a. ..she usually grinds it and eats it.

cu'aj s- Adv: on tiptoe

ex: Scu'aj 'o him. He is walking on tiptoe. -- Scu'aj 'o hihim. They are walking on tiptoe.

cu'ajma s- Stat sgs [pls: s-cucajma]: to be agile, nimble, light-footed cu'ajmakam s- N subst sg: one who is agile, nimble, light-footed.

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cu'ajmatalig/ cu'alkad cu'ajmatalig (dial: cu'ajmastalig) s- N: agility, lightness of foot cu'aka Vtr [Neutr: def and indef cu'aka]: to pierce, prick, stick obj; to give a shot
(hypodermic injection) to obj ex: Ho'i 'at ncu'aka. The sticker pricked me. -- B(<'ab) 'apt o si cu'aka. Give it a sharp stab. -- 'In 'at ncu'aka g ma:kai. The doctor gave me a shot.

cu'aka Vreflex [Neutr: def and indef 'e-cu'aka]: to prick oneself (as with a needle
when sewing) ex: Ho'ibakaj 'ant ncu'aka. I pricked myself with the needle.

cu'akaa Vtr [Neutr: indef cu'akaa ]: to pierce, prick, stick obj reiteratedly cu'akan Vtr [Neutr: hort cu'akan; imper sgs cu'akana-. Correl cu'akan-k; immed:
cu'akan-ka-'i.]: to stab, puncture obj ex: B g cu'akan! Stab it (puncture it)! -- Pi g 'ab hu cu'akan g ma:gina-u:k! Don't puncture my tire! --.. 'ab o ncu'akank 'am o vas g 'e:'e! ..stab me and pour my blood in a container!

cu'akka Vtr [Neutr: indef cu'akka ]: to give several shots (hypodermic injections) to
obj; to stab, prick, puncture obj several times ex: Ves sisialmad 'in 'o ncu'akka g ma:kai. The doctor gives me a shot every day. -- 'Id 'o cu'akka g ma:gina-u:k. He punctures my tire.

cu'akka Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'akka; hort and indef 'e-cu'akka . Dur: 'e-cu'akkaad. Interr: 'e-cu'akkaa-him]: to stab each other several times, to have a knife fight ex: 'A ka: mat hegam 'ecu'akka. I hear that they stabbed each other. -- Pi g o 'om(< 'am) 'ecu'akkaad! Don't be stabbing each other! -- 'Ecu'akkaahimc gm hu vo:p. While they were having a knife fight they ran away.

cu'akkaa N: act of giving shots

ex: Nap sma:c g cu'akkaa? Do you know how to give shots (hypodermic injections)?

cu'akkaaku N: syringe (instrument to give shots, hypodermic injections) cu'alka see Vreflex 'e-cu'alkad= to get on the tips of one's toes cu'alkad Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-cu'uca'alkad) [Neutr: def 'e-cu'alka; hort 'ecu'alkad]: to get on the tips of one's toes in order to reach something ex: Pt o 'i 'i(<'e)cu'alka! Get on the tips of your toes! -- M g 'i 'i(<'e)cu'alkad! Why don't you get on the tips of your toes!

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cu'amu/ cu'i cu'amu see Vtr cu'amun= to poke obj with a pointed instrument cu'amun Vtr [Neutr: def cu'amu; hort and indef cu'amun]: to poke obj to make a thrust
at obj with a pointed instrument ex: M g 'i cu'amun g cu:dag! (Could you please) give one poke to the coals! -- M(<'am) 'a cu'amun. I usually poke it (the fire). -- 'U:skaj ncu'amun. He makes a thrust at me.

cu'amu Vtr [Neutr: indef cu'amu ]: to poke obj, to make a thrust at obj with a pointed
instrument reiteratedly ex: cu'amu. He makes thrusts at me reiteratedly.

cu'ava see Vreflex 'e-cu'av[a]d= to form a group cu'av[a]d Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'ava; hort 'e-cu'avad. Correl: 'e-cu'avad-k; immed:
'e-cu'avad-ka-'i]: to form a group (same as 'e-cu'avagid) ex: gn hu have:gaj 'ecu'avadk 'am hacecega. having stood in a circle (having formed a group) above them (the corpses of the enemy) they examine them.

cu'av[a]gid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'avag; hort and indef 'e-cu'avgid]: to form a
group (same as 'e-cu'av[a]d) ex: ..gn hu have:gaj 'ecu'avgidc 'am hacecega. ..while they stand in a circle above them (the corpses of the enemy), they examine them.

cu'avag see Vreflex 'e-cu'av[a]gid= to form a group cu'i- see Vtr cu'a= to reduce dry obj to powder cu'i see Vdtr cu'id= to reduce dry obj to powder for somebody cu'i see VExpr intr has cu'id= to behave in a certain way cu'i N inalien/ alien mass [(3rd pers sg cu'i[=ga]-j); distr cucui]: powder, flour
ha:k-cu'i NComp alien mass: pinole four (made with grain roasted on coals in a special basket) hodai-cu'i NComp alien mass: cement powder hodai-cu'i-va:ga NComp alien mass: cement powder mixed with water hodai-cu'i-va:gaku NComp: cement mixer (instrument that mixes cement powder with water) hu:-cu'i NComp alien mass: corn meal sbai-cu'i NComp alien mass [1st pers sg n-sbai-cu'i=ga]: roasted grain ground into flour, pinole flour sbai-cu'i-vaga NComp inalien mass: roasted grain ground into flour and mixed with water, pinole drink (also called cu'i-va:ga) vakcka-cu'i NComp alien mass: pinole flour (made with grain soaked in water and roasted when still damp)

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cu'ic/ cu'ig cu'ic see Vtr cu'ick= to ask a question of obj cu'icek Vtr [Neutr: indef cu'icek]: to ask a question of obj reiteratedly
ex: Ncu'icek. He keeps asking me (the question).

cu'i-cemait NComp inalien indiv [pl: cu'i-cecemait]: flour tortilla cu'ick Vtr [Neutr: def cu'ic; hort cu'ick. Compl: cu'ick-ok]: to ask a question of obj
ex: Nt o ha'icu mcu'ic. I'll ask you a question. -- B(<'ab) g ncu'ick! Ask me (the question)! -- Heg g cu'ick! Ask him (the question)!

cu'id Vdtr [Neutr: def cu'i; hort cu'id]: to reduce obj (a dry substance) to powder for
somebody ex: ia c 'am hab haha 'al 'i ha cu'i. Well, and then she ground a little bit of it (roasted grain) for them. -- G 'i ncu'id! Grind it for me!

cu'id has VExpr intr Unit (for Repet see has cucuid) [Neutr: def has cu'i; hort has
cu'id. Correl: has cu'id-k; immed: has cu'id-ka-'i]: to behave in a certain unspecified or strange, way (similar to has 'e-ju) ex: a:pt cu'i?/[Ku]pt has cu'i? What did you do, what happened to you? -- a:pt cu'idk hab cu'ijig? What is the cause of your behavior? -- 'A a:pt cu'idk hab hems 'ecu'ijig? What could possibly be the cause of your behavior (What on earth makes you act like that)? pi 'ap has cu'id VExpr intr: to do the wrong thing, to behave badly ex: Pi 'int (< 'ant) 'ap has cu'i. I did the wrong thing. -- Pi g 'am pi 'ap has cu'id! Don't do the wrong thing! s-'ap has cu'id VExpr intr: to behave well, to do the right thing ex: S'ap 'ant has cu'i. I behaved well.

cu'idag hab/has NExpr inalien: functional item or person cu'idag vu hab/has Stat Expr: to be a functional item or person to somebody
ex: a: 'o (<vu) mcu'idag 'i:da'a? What use is this to you?-- No (<vu) mcu'idag? Is it a functional item to you (do you use it for some purpose)? -- 'Id 'o hob(<hab) u ncu'idag. This is a functional item to me. (I use this for some purpose) -- has 'atp u 'i hacu'idag. he was something to them (they used him for some unknown purpose).

cu'ig hab/has Stat Expr [Neutr: indef cu'ig; def cu'ig=k. Dur: cu'ig=ka-d. Interr:
cu'ig=ka-him]: with hab: to be a certain, specified, way; with has: to be a certain, unspecified or strange way ex: a: 'o cu'ig?/K has cu'ig? What is it like? -- B(<hab) 'o cu'ig. That's the way it is. -B(<hab) 'o cu'ig g 'o'ohon. That's the kind of book it is. -- Ku hab cu'ig hega'i 'o'odham.

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cu'ig
Here is (hearsay) the kind of man he was. -- 'ea cum pi hab cu'ig. However it was not so (hearsay) -- B(<hab) 'an a(<va) cu'ig hek hu. I was that way long ago.-- B(<hab) 'an a(<va) cu'igkahim. I used to be that way long ago. -- hab masma mat g 'u'uvig-nonha hab o cu'igk. the way birds' eggs are.-- Na'as hig pi hab a 'i cu'ig hab masma. It should not be that way (it's unfair, it won't do). -- Kut hab o a cu'igkad hab masma. If it is the case (if it is the way). hab ge cu'ig Stat Expr: to be as if ex: ...b(<hab) ge cu'ig mat heba'i g cevag 'an o da:kc hab o 'e:kegk. ...it's very much as if there were a cloud (sitting) giving some shade. ha'icu/hema vepo cu'ig Stat Expr: to be like something/someone ex: vepo cu'ig. He is like me. na:nko cu'ig hema ve:m Stat Expr: to keep company with somebody ex: 'I a daivc 'in he'es 'i tve:m na:nko cu'igkahidc haha va 'ep hihhim. They usually come here and keep us company for a while and then go again. pi has cu'ig Stat Expr: there is nothing to it, it's all right (similar to pi has 'e-ju:) ex: S has ge cu'ig. There is not much to it (in my opinion). -- Mo hi a(<va) pi has cu'ig. There is indeed nothing to it (don't worry about it). --Pi has cu'ig m(<'am) 'apt o me: si'alim. It's all right (don't worry), run there tomorrow. pi 'ap hab cu'ig Stat Expr: not to be right, proper to do a specified thing ex: ..pi 'ap hab cu'ig hekaj map u ab 'ali. ..it is not right (for me to play gins against you) because you are just a kid.

cu'ig hab/has Stat Expr with a locative: to be somewhere

P hascu 'a:gc 'i hab cu'ig? What are you doing here (Why are you here)? -- Kunt 'i hab ab o cu'igkad 'i:ya'a tki: 'am. I'll just be here in our house. -- Hascu 'a:gc 'i a dahakc 'i hab cu'ig? What are you doing sitting here (why are you sitting here)? -- ..'i o ki:kad 'i:ya'a 'id'ea m'i hab cu'ig. ..(I) will live here in this (cave) the way it is right here. -- ..k 'ab 'e'o'oho hab masma mo 'on(<'an) hab cu'ig. ..and he painted himself the way it usually is like. -- ..'amje 'am hab cu'ig. ..since then they are there. -- Ha'akia 'i cevag 'an hab cu'ig 'ea pi ju:. There were lots of clouds (in the sky) but it did not rain. -- Vesko eid g jevu-ka:cim 'an hab cu'ig. She has seen the way the whole world is. -- ..k hab 'eju: m'an hab cu'ig g 'u'uv. ..and he behaved the way women usually do. -- 'Am 'o ha'icu has cu'ig. There is something strange there. -- Kutp 'ea 'an hu a(<va) heba'i has 'i cu'ig hega'i Jevho. Meanwhile Gopher was somewhere around here. hab/has cu'ig g hu 'i 'amje Stat Expr: to belong to the distant past, to be from the distant past ex: Heg 'ant hab o 'a: matp hab cu'ig g hu 'i 'amje. I am going to tell a story about the distant past. hab cu'ig 'ab 'amje Stat Expr: to originate from obj ex: c ababa hab masma mat 'ab 'amje hab o cu'igkad 'i:da'a bahidaj. but thus, (these) saguaro fruits will originate from me hab cu'ig 'ab 'ab Stat Expr: to be up to obj, to be obj's responsibility ex: 'O 'ob(<'ab) m'ab hab cu'ig. It is up to you. -- 'ab 'ab hab cu'ig mant 'a:i o ul 'i:da'a ginsku ve:pegk. it is my privilege (up to me) to throw the gins set first.

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cu'ig/ cu'ijig cu'ig [hab/has] Stat Expr with an adverb of manner in -m or -ma: to be what the
adverb specifies ex: Maccu 'o 'om(<'am) a(<va) scekam cu'ig. The metate is still rough enough (for grinding). -- 'I:da'a 'uv sce:pa'avim cu'ig. This woman is whorish. -- hi a(<va) sta'a(<'o)-'e:bidam hab cu'ig hega'i Ho'ok. she is really frightening that Witch. -- Hehe'es 'om(<'am) pi 'im hu tava:pkim cu'ig. In some places it cannot be entered (it is not enterable).-- Sju:kima 'o cu'ig. It looks like rain.

cu'igam hab/has N subst: of a certain type, kind; type, substance, entity

ex: Sma:c 'a mo has cu'igam u 'o'odham. I know the kind (type) of person he is. na:nko cu'igam N Expr: various kinds of ex: 'ab si tai g na:nko cu'igam gevkdag. I asked him for various kinds of powder. vepo-cu'igam NComp inalien: one's own kind ex: vepo-cu'igam 'ant o ho(<ha)ve:majk. I will be with my own kind (of people). -Pi 'i(<'a) hahoho'id g vepo-cu'igamaj. I don't like his kind (of people). -- M g himk g 'evepo-cu'igam vo ho(<ha)ve:maj. Go and be with your own kind! s'u'am-cu'igam NComp: mucous (yellow substance)

cu'igam vu hab/has Stat Expr: to be of a certain type; with a locative: to belong to

ex: 'Id 'o hob(<hab) 'ab u cu'igam. This belongs there.

cu'ijig hab/has Stat Expr [Neutr: indef cu'ijig; def cu'ijig=k. Dur: cu'ijig=ka-d. Interr:
cu'ijig=ka-him]: with hab: to reveal something (specified) by one's behavior; with has: to reveal something (unspecified or strange) by one's behavior ex: m'ab hab cu'ijigc g 'evopoga hako:komaic. it is apparent from their behavior that they are (coming this way) carrying their quivers on their backs. -- Tp 'ea hab cu'ijig hegam 'o'odham c 'am ha'ij ha'u'a g 'ehuha. Meanwhile, it is obvious from the behavior of those men that some of them are taking their baskets down there (to the water). -- Kuc heg kaiyopc hab cu'ijig. We are coming to listen to him, that's what. -- Mapp a(<va) ha'icu 'i 'a:gamec hab cu'ijig. It's apparent from your behavior that you came here to say something. -- D(<vu) 'ok ge stcegi'ayokamc hab cu'ijig. It is quite apparent from their strange behavior that they come here to fight us. -- D(<vu) 'ok ncegi'amamc hab cu'ijig. It is apparent from his behavior that he comes here to fight me. -- a:pt cu'idk hab cu'ijig? What makes you behave like that? -- 'A a:pt cu'idk hab hems 'i cu'ijig? What on earth makes you act like that? -- Ba:pt hu mek hab cu'ijig? Where are you running to like that-- S has ge cu'ijig heg'i 'uv. That woman's strange behavior is quite easy to figure out (I think). -- gami hab 'at hu g 'o'odham has o cu'ijigkad. there might be a man over there (coming this way) whose behavior will reveal something.

cu'ijig N inalien: action, deed, behavior

ex: k 'emcu'ijig veheji= and on account of your(pl) action(s). s'ap cu'ijig NExpr inalien: good action, good deed, good behavior ex: s'ap 'emcu'ijig = your(pl) good deed(s)

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cu'ijig/ cu'ipi'o cu'ijig vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's fault, to be responsible for something
ex: 'Id 'o hob(<hab) u ncu'ijig. It is my fault.

cu'ijig-hab-vuadam NComp: [loc: cu'ijig-hab-vuadam-t-'an]: sinner cu'ijig-'a:g VComp reflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'ijig-'a:]: to confess (to tell one's
actions) ex: Hekid 'apt 'i 'ecu'ijig-'a:? When did you last confess?

cu'iku N indiv [pl: cucuiku]: flourmill (instrument with which to reduce something
to powder) hodai-cu'iku NComp: stone crusher (machine that grinds stones into powder)

cu'im see Vtr cu'ime= to go and grind obj cu'im[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cu'imad. Interr: cu'imda-him. Dur: cu'imda-d]:
to put flour on obj ex: Napt a(<va) cu'imad? Did you put flour on it? -- Cu'imdahim 'a. I am putting flour on it. -- Nap cu'imad? Do you put flour on it? -- Cum hekid 'a ha cu'imad. I always put some flour on it.

cu'im[a]d Vtr: to put flour on a person having the Vi:gida sickness; to make a cross
with corn meal on the breast of somebody in order to ask him to do you a favor (this is only done during the Vi:gida ceremony) ex: 'I 'at ncu'imad. He/they put flour on me. -- Heg 'amt o cu'imad! You (pl) put flour on him!

cu'ime Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see cu'io) [Neutr: def cu'im; hort cu'ime]: to go and
grind obj ex: Nt o cu'im. I'll go and grind it.

cu'io Vtr Unit pls (for sgs see cu'ime) [Neutr: def cu'io]: to go and grind obj
ex: Tt o cu'io. We'll go and grind it.

cu'ipig Vtr [Neutr: def cu'ip; hort cu'ipig]: to remove flour from obj
ex: M g 'i cu'ipig! (Could you please) remove the flour from it!

cu'ipi'o see Vtr cu'ipi'ok= to get flour off obj cu'ipi'o see Vreflex 'e-cu'ipi'ok= to get flour off oneself

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cu'ipi'ok/ cu'ucvid cu'ipi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def cu'ipi'o; hort cu'ipi'ok]: to get flour off obj by brushing or
shaking it ex: 'I ncu'ipi'ok! Get the flour off me!

cu'ipi'ok Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'ipi'o; hort 'e-cu'ipi'ok]: to get flour off oneself by
brushing or shaking oneself ex: 'I 'i(<'e)cu'ipi'ok! Get the flour off yourself!

cu'ip see Vtr cu'ipi= to remove flour from obj cu'is Stat: to be reduced to powder
ex: No cu'is? Is it ground into flour?

cu'it Vtr [Neutr: def and hort cu'it. Correl cu'it-k; immed: cu'it-ka-'i Interr: cu'ita-him]:
to clear up obj ex: Nt o cu'it. I'll clear it up (a space full of bushes, cans). -- M g 'i cu'it! Clear it up! -Cu'itahim 'o. He is clearing it up. -- k skeg cu'itk na:to. and after he finished clearing it up nicely he was ready.

cu'i-va:ga NComp inalien mass [1st pers sg n-cu'i-va:ga]: pinole drink (roasted grain
ground into flour and mixed with water, also called sbai-cu'i-va:ga)

cu'i-vuadam NComp: the man who throws corn meal on people during the Vi:gida
ceremony ex: Cu'i-vuadamt'an 'ant o ndag. I'll touch (put my hand on) the corn meal thrower.

cu'i-'asugal NComp alien mass [loc: cu'i-'asugal-c-'e]: granulated or powdered sugar cu'uca'alkad Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-cu'alkad) [Neutr: def 'e-cu'uca'alka; hort 'ecu'uca'alkad]: to get on the tips of one's toes in order to reach something ex: Mt o 'i 'i(<'e)cu'uca'alka! You(pl) get on the tips of your toes! -- M g 'i 'i(<'e)cu'uca'alkad! (Why don't you) get on the tips of your toes!

cu'ucudp see Mod cu:dp= six cu'ucvidk see N cuvidk= mound, hump cu'ucvid s- Stat impers Unit [Neutr: indef s-cu'ucvidk]: to be full of mounds in one
location

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cu:/ cu:ci'a cu:-

cu: see Vintr cu:k- = to burn out cu:c see Vtr cu:c = to blow out, put out, extinguish (fires), to turn off (lights) cu:c Stat pls (for sgs see ke:k) [Neutr: indef cu:c. Dur: cu:c=ka-d. Interr: cu:c=ka-him]:
to be standing (used only to refer to a great number of inanimate entities whose height or length exceeds their girth or width; to refer to a few such inanimate entities or to any number of animate entities, see gegok) ex: hega'i mo 'on(<'an) 'ecu:ci'a kolhai. (to stand is like) the posts of that fence which have been erected there. -- Mu'i 'o 'om(<'am) cu:c g 'u'us. There are many trees (standing) down there. -- 'Idam 'o (<vu) eegai m'i a cu:c. These are creosote bushes standing right here. -- Hemaip cu:c. They (bushes or trees) are standing in one group (clump, cluster). -- tat mo 'om(<'am) cu:c: the days ahead, the coming days

cu:ccu see N cu:cu= nephew, niece cu:cia Vtr plo (for sgo see keka) [Neutr: indef cu:cia]: to put obj somewhere in a
standing position reiteratedly ex: Cu:cia g 'ecikpanaku 'ama'i. He puts his tools (rakes, shovels) there. -- Cum hekid 'o 'ob(<'ab) hacu:cia. He leans them against the wall there (against) every time.

cu:cim N subst pl (for sg see ke:kam): standing things (used only when referring to a
great number of inanimate entities) kolai-cu:cim NComp (?): standing posts supporting a fence vatto-cu:cim NComp (?): standing posts supporting a ramada

cu:ci'a Vtr plo (for sgo see ke:) [Neutr: def, hort and indef cu:ci'a; imper sgs cu:ci'a-.
Correl: cu:ci'a-k; immed: cu:ci'a-ka-'i. Compl: cu:ci'a-yok; immed: cu:ci'a-yoka-'i. Interr: cu:ci'a-him. Dur: cu:ci'a-d.]: to put obj somewhere in a standing, erected, position ex: ..'ab hacu:ci'a 'emo:mo'o hega'i 'ekukuiku. ..they (each one of the two boys) leaned their flutes (against the wall at the head of their beds). -- B(<'ab) g cu:ci'a ki: ba:o! Could you(sg) lean them against the wall! -- Pt 'ab o cu:ci'a ki: ba:o! Lean them against the wall! -- 'ab haha hacu:ci'a g 'ega:t. Then he leaned his bow (and arrows) against the wall. -- ..k 'an o ho(<ha)cu:ci'a 'emo:m 'an. ..and they will put them (the feathers) up on the back of their heads. -- 'Ab hacu:ci'ahim 'o. He is leaning them against the wall (he has many things and it is taking him time to do it). -- 'U'us cu:ci'ahim 'o. He is setting the sticks up (as in building a fence). -- Cum hekid 'o 'ob(<'ab) hacu:ci'a hekid 'i jijivha. He always leans them against the wall (stands them against) when he arrives. -- B(<'ab) g hacu:ci'ad! Make a habit of leaning them against the wall!

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cu:ci'a/ cu:cpulcu:ci'a Vreflex pls: to get erected

ex: hega'i mo 'on(<'an) 'ecu:ci'a kolai... (the posts of) that fence which have been erected there.

cu:ci'a Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef cu:ci'a]: to kick (a horse) with one's spurs, to put
one's spurs on (to make them stand) ex: B(<'ab) g si cu:ci'a! Kick him (the horse) with your spurs! -- B(<'ab) g cu:ci'a g 'e'i'ispul! Put your spurs on!

cu:ci'aku in ha'icu hiosig cu:ci'aku NExpr (?): vase cu:ck Vtr plo (for sgo see cu:k): to have obj astride on one's back
ex: T o ho(<ha)cu:ck. They will carry them astride on their backs.

cu:ckagid s- Vreflex pls (for sgs see s-'e-cuhugid) [Neutr: def s-'e-cu:ckag; hort s'e-cu:ckagid]: to black out, faint

cu:ckcug Vtr pls (for sgs see cu:kcug) [Neutr: indef cu:ckcug]: to be carrying
(moving with) obj astride one's back

cu:ck-hihim VComp tr pls (for sgs see cu:k-him): to walk carrying obj astride on
one's back ex: Hacu:ck-hihi. They left carrying them on their back.

cu:cku see N cuku= screech owl cu:ckuag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of screech owls in one location cu:cpul see N cu:l= hip cu:cpul see N cu:l= angle, corner cu:cpul see Stat cu:l= to have a corner, an angle cu:cpul s- Stat: to be square
ex: 'Id 'o scu:cpul. This is square. -- Ki: 'o scu:cpul. The room (the house) is square.

cu:cpul-'asugal NComp alien aggreg [loc: cu:cpul-'asugal-c-'e; distr: cu:cpul'a'asugal]: sugar cubes ex: Hemako 'ont(<ant) 'am o vua g cu:cpul-'asugal. I'll put (throw) one sugar cube in (my coffee). -- M g ha'i ulig g cu:cpul-'asugal vasib 'e. Could you put (throw) a few sugar cubes in my drink. -- B(<'ab) haha vo 'i ha'u:'uk g 'ecu:cpul-'a'asugalga. You will each bring your own sugar cubes.

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cu:c/ cu:dpcu:c Vtr plo (for sgo see cu:) [Neutr: def cu:c; hort and indef cu:c . Correl: cu:c-k;
immed: cu:c-ka-'i. Compl: cu:c-ok; immed cu:c-oka-'i. Dur: cu:ca-d.]: to blow out, put out, extinguish fires, turn off lights ex: Nt o ho(<ha)cu:c g kakanjul. I'll blow out the candles. -- Ha-g-cu:c g kakanjul! Blow out the candles! -- Ha-g-cu:c g lalamba! Turn off the lights! -- M 'a hekid 'i vo'ivuhim ves hacu:c g lalamba. Before going to bed (when I am about to go to bed) I turn off all the lights.

cu:cudva Vintr Unit (for Repet see cu:cudvup) pls (for sgs see cudva) [Neutr: def
and hort cu:cudva]: to land from a jump on both feet

cu:cudvup Vintr Repet (for Unit see cu:cudva) pls (for sgs see cudvup) [Neutr:
indef cu:cudvup]: to land from a jump on both feet repeatedly ex: 'I e'ec cu:cudvup. They keep jumping and landing on both feet.

cu:dagga Stat: to have coals, embers

ex: Nap ge cu:dagga? Do you have any coals?

cu:dagig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of coals, embers in one location cu:dag N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg: cu:dag=ga-j]: coals, embers cu:dagt Vtr: to make charcoal out of obj cu:dagta ha- N aggreg (?): charcoal (coals made by someone)
ex: Cum hekid 'a ab hanolot g hacu:dagta ma hekid 'i sga'im g cu:kug. I always buy charcoal when I wish to roast meat.

cu:dk Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu:d; indef 'e-cu:dk]: to take place (of the cu:dka dance)
ex: T o 'o(<'e)cu:d. They say there is going to be a cu:dka dance. -- 'E-'o-cu:dk. There is a cu:dka dance going on.

cu:dka N: a dance (same as keihina) cu:dp Num [distr: cu'ucudp]: six

ex: cu:dp 'o'odham: six people -- cu'ucudp: six by six

cu:dp[h]o Adv subst: six times

gamai cu:dpho Adv Expr subst: sixteen times (ten and six times)

cu:dp-lial NComp alien [1rst pers sg ncu:dp-lialga] : 75 cents

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cu:dp-/ cu:kug cu:dp-lialga Stat Comp: to have 75 cents cu:dt Vintr [Neutr: def cu:dt. Interr: cu:dta-him]: to turn into coals, embers
ex: Ha'i 'atk cu:dt. There are a few coals ready (some have turned into coals) -- Cu:dt 'atk g nna:da. My fire is smoldering (my fire has turned into coals, embers). -- Cu:dtahim 'o. The fire is (in the process of) turning into coals.

cu:k- Vintr sgs [Neutr: def cu:. Interr: cu:k[i]-him]: to burn out, die out, go out (a fire, a
light) ex: Natk cu: g na:da? Is the fire out? -- Nok cu:khim g na:da? Is there evidence that the fire is dying out?

cu:k Vtr sgo (for plo see cu:ck) [Correl immed: cu:ka-'i]: to put obj astride on one's
back in order to carry it ex: Nt ab o mcu:ka'i. I'll carry you astride my back (piggy back) for a short while.

cu:kcug Vtr sgs (for pls see cu:ckcug) [Neutr: indef cu:kug]: to be carrying (moving
with) obj astride one's back ex: Cu:kcug 'o. He is carrying him astride his back.

cu:k-him VComp sgs (for pls see cu:ck-hihim): to walk carrying obj astride on one's
back ex: 'amje 'ab ab cu:k-hi: g 'I'itoi hega'i Ho'ok. from there 'I'itoi went with the Witch astride on his back up there (to her home).

cu:ko Adv: out of sight (old word)

ex: Mapt o si cu:ko ce:! Put it out of sight!

cu:ku- Vtr Unit (for Repet see cucku) sgo [Neutr: imper sgs cu:ku-]: to put obj
astride one's back ex: Cu:ku! Put him astride your back!

cu:kud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort cu:kud]: to help somebody put obj astride his back
(to put obj astride his back for somebody) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o mcu:kud. I'll help you put him astride your back. -- B(<'ab) g ncu:kud! Help me put him astride my back!

cu:kug (dial: cuhug) N inalien mass [3rd pers sg: cu:kuga-j, cu:kuga-; 3rd pers pl: hacu:kug]: flesh ex: 'ab cu:kuga 'ab: on his flesh -- cu:kuga amje: from his flesh-- ha'icu doakam hacu:kug: animal (their) flesh -- ..mat 'am o a(<va) ha vi'i g mcu:kug. .. (tell her) to save me some of your flesh. -- B(<vab) 'i mu: g ncu:kug. I am paralyzed (my flesh has died).

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cu:kug/ cu:l cu:kug (dial: cuhug) N alien mass [1st pers sg -cu:kug=ga]: ground meat
ex: Cum hekid 'a ab hanolot g hacu:dagta ma hekid 'i sga'im g cu:kug. I always buy charcoal when I want to make a roast (roast meat). --B(<'ab) g ha vi'id g cu:kug! Leave me some meat! -- Cu:kug 'ant o a(<va) ha hu:. I'll eat some meat. -- M g ha hido g cu:kug! Why don't you cook some meat! haiva-cu:kug NComp alien mass: beef (cow meat) huav-cu:kug NComp alien mass: venison (deer meat) ko:ji-cu:kug NComp alien mass: pork (pig meat)

cu:kug (dial: cuhug) N alien aggreg: pieces, slices of meat

ex: M g ha'i hahido g cu:kug! Why don't you cook a few pieces of meat!

cu:kug (dial: cuhug) vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's flesh

ex: D(<vu) 'o m'o'og hacu:kug. It is the flesh of your father and uncle (it is your fathers their flesh).

cu:kug cuhivi NExpr(?): mass: ground meat, hamburger meat; aggreg: meat ball
ex: Ha'i ha'o'olat g cu:kug-cuhivi. She rolled a few meat balls.

cu:kugga Stat: to have meat cu:kugga s- Stat: to have a lot of meat

ex: a 'i scu:kugga g 'u:pio. Skunk has a fair amount of meat.-- Tp g ves 'i ha'e'elkonk gami(<gamai) hu scu:kugga g 'u:pio. After he has skinned the whole bunch of them. Skunk has a lot of meat for the future.

cu:kug-hido NComp alien/ inalien mass [3rd pers sg cu:kug-hidoa-j/

hido=ga-j]: meat stew

cu:kugt Vtr: to prepare the meat of obj for drying, to make dry meat out of obj cu:kugta (dial: cu:hugta) N inalien: meat in the process of being prepared for drying cu:kug-vaag NComp(?) alien mass: meat juice cu:l N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: cu:li-j); pl: cu:cpul]: hip
ex: mo 'on(<'an) thon 'am hab cu'ig 'in hu tkahio on 'ab. (the hip is) that which is located on (the side of) our body, right here, at the beginning (base) of our leg.

cu:l N inalien [pl: cu:cpul]: corner, angle

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cu:l/ cu:munaku cu:l Stat sing [mult: cu:cpul]: to have a corner, an angle
ex: Ki: 'o gi'ikpa cu:cpul. The room (house) has four corners (has corners in four places). -- Ki: 'o gi'ik cu:cpul. The room (house) has four corners. -- Heg 'o ge 'ajijc 'ep cu:cpul. It is a rectangle (it is somewhat narrow and also has corners).

cu:lk Postp: in, at, the corner of obj

'i cu:lk Postp Expr: right in, at the corner of obj ex: Ki: 'i cu:lk 'ab vo'o. It is lying right in the corner of the room.-- Vo:g 'i cu:lk= right at the turn of the road. -- kolai 'i cu:lk= right where the fence makes an angle -B(<'ab) 'o ke:k 'i cu:lk 'aba'i. It is standing against the wall in the corner (it is standing against right in the corner there).-- 'ab ke:k hega'i 'u:s 'in hab ki: 'i cu:lk 'an. The stick was standing (hearsay) against the wall at the corner of the house (outside the house). 'I Cu:lk subst NExpr: name of a place on the highway between Florence and Coolidge, Eleven Mile Corner (right where-there-is-a-corner)

Cu:lk N subst: name of a village between San Miguel and Cold Field (where-there-isan-angle, a corner)

cu:lt'ab[a'i]/ cu:l 'ab[a'i] Adv Comp/ Expr: in the corner (used in playing the game
of gins) ex: Ga hu 'evoi cu:l 'aba'i. He moved over to the corner. Tp ga hu vo'iva 'aba'i cu:lt'ab. He laid it (his piece) in the corner.

cu:mu see Vtr cu:mun= to make burning obj glow cu:mun Vtr [Neutr: def cu:mu; hort cu:mun; imper sgs cu:muna-]: to make obj glow
by removing the ashes on its surface ex: Nant 'am o 'i cu:mu g tai? Shall I quicken the embers (make the fire glow)? -- Nt o cu:mu g nsigalga. I'll ash my cigarette. -- M g 'i cu:mun! (Why don't you sg) ash it (your cigarette)!

cu:mun Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-cu:mun]: to be glowing, to be burning into ashes

ex: Si 'i(<'e)cu:mun g tai. The fire is glowing.-- 'E-'o-cu:mun g msigal. Your cigarette needs to be ashed (is burning into ashes).

cu:mun N: glow, stage of fire as it is burning into ashes cu:munaku N: ashtray (instrument with which one makes one's cigarette, or a fire,
glow by removing the ashes)

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cu:t/ cu:v[] cu:t Vtr [Neutr: hort cu:t; imper sgs cu:ta-, pls cu:t-o. Correl: cu:t-k; immed: cu:t-ka-'i.
Compl: cu:t-ok; immed: cu:t-oka-'i]: to reduce dry obj to powder (same as cu'a)

cu: Vtr Unit (for Repet see cuc) sgo (for plo see cu:c) [Neutr: def cui; hort cu:;
imper sgs cu:a-. Correl: cu:-k; immed: cu:-ka-'i. Compl: cu:-ok; immed: cu:-oka-'i. Interr: cu:a-him]: to blow out, put out, extinguish (a fire), turn off (a light) ex: Matt heba'i 'am o pi taccu 'ep g na:da k 'am o cui. When we do not want a fire any longer, we extinguish it. -- Napt cui g 'esigalga? Did you put out your cigarette? -- Nt o cui. I'll put it out (the fire, a cigarette) -- 'Oi g cu:! Go ahead, put it out ! -- M g cu: g la:mba! Could you please turn off the light! -- Cu:a g la:mba! Turn off the light! -Cu:oka'i! Put the fire out first! -- Napt 'am 'i cu:ahi? Were you in the process of putting the fire out?

cu:v see cu:v= jackrabbit cu:va Vintr sgs [Neutr: def cu:va. Interr: cu:va-him]: to menstruate for the first time (see
also cucva) ex: Hek 'at hu cu:va. She has already menstruated for the first time.-- Hemu 'ut(< 'at) o cu:va hega'i cehia. Soon this girl is going to menstruate for the first time. -- Cu:vahim 'atp hu 'i. She is close to puberty (she is about to menstruate for the first time).

cu:v[a]dag in NComp kui-cu:v[a]dag: mesquite gum ('uab) which has turned

black from being rained on and is used for making designs on pots

cu:va'am N subst: a girl menstruating for the first time cu:va'am vu Stat Expr: to be a girl menstruating for the first time
ex: D(<vu) 'o cu:va'am. She is one menstruating for the first time.

cu:vig/ cu:vag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of jackrabbits in one location

cuck-cu:vig/ cu:vag s- Stat Comp: to be full of black tail jackrabbits in one location to:ta-cu:vig/cu:vag s- Stat Comp: to be full of white tail jackrabbits in one location

cu:vi-vu:pui NComp aggreg: a plant, calabazilla gourd (jackrabbit eyes) cu:v[] N aggreg: jackrabbit
ex: Hegam mo a ge'egeaj hab 'e'a'aga "cu:v" c hegam mo a 'i ce'ecemaj 'a hab u "toob". Those which are rather big are called "jackrabbits" and those which are quite small are said to be "cottontails". cuk-cu:v NComp indiv [pl: cuck-cu:v]: black tail jackrabbit to[h]a-cu:v NComp indiv [pl: to:ta-cu:v]: white tail jackrabbit

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cu:v-/ dadagk[h]onaku cu:v-tapo NComp aggreg: a flower (hair-on-the-foot of a jackrabbit; also called
cu:v-ta:ta)

Cu:v 'i Ge:k NExpr subst: name of a village (where a rabbit fell) Cu:v-Ku'adam NComp (?): a nickname for a group of people (rabbit eaters)

da-

da see Vintr da[ha]= to sit, be sitting somewhere; to stay for a short while dada see Vintr daiv= to get somewhere dadag[h]iun (met of *dadagihun) Vtr plo (for sgo see daghiun) [Neutr: def
dadag[h]iu; hort and indef dadag[h]iun]: to wipe obj

dadag[]t[h]o Vtr [Neutr: indef dadag[]t[h]o. Dur: dadag[]t[h]oa-d]: to let go of

several things one after the other ex: 'im hu dadagtho. he (Coyote) lets them (the quails) go one after the other. -- T o 'om(<'em)dadagthoad. He will let go of you people one after the other.

dadag[]t[h]o Vtr Repet (for Unit see dag[]to) [Neutr: indef dadag[]-t[h]o]: to
let go of obj repeatedly ex: Dadagthoc 'an aha(<haha) bebbhe. Everytime he keeps letting go of and grabbing it.

dadagk[h]on Vtr pl (for sgo see dagk[h]on) [Neutr: def dadagk[h]o; hort
dadagk[h]on]: to wipe obj ex: Si g sgakima hadadagkon. Wipe them completely dry. -- Dadagkonahim 'a. I am wiping them (objects with large surfaces).

dadagk[h]on Vreflex pls (for sgs see dagk[h]on): to wipe oneself

ex: 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)dadagkon. Wipe yourselves.

dadagk[h]on Vtr plo (for sgo see dagk[h]on): to drop obj once
ex: Pi g 'am hadadagkon. Don't drop them.

dadagk[h]onaku see N dagk[h]onaku= towel

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dadagk[h]onas/ dadaicud dadagk[h]onas see Stat dagk[h]onas= to be wiped dadagk[h]oid Vdtr plo (for sgo see dagk[h]oid) [Neutr: def dadagk[h]o; hort
dadagk[h]oid]: to wipe obj for somebody

dadagko Vtr plo (for sgo see dagko) [Neutr: indef dadagko]: to drop obj
reiteratedly

dadagc semi Stat tr mult (for sing see dagc) [Neutr: indef dadagc. Dur: dadagci-d]:
to have one's hands on obj

dadagc semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-dadagc) [Neutr: indef 'e-dadagc.
Dur: 'e-dadagci-d]: to have one's hands somewhere (loc compl expressed or implied) ex: Nt o ndadagcid. I'll keep my hands (on it).

dadagp Vtr Unit mult (for sing see dagp) [Neutr: def dadag]: to put one's hands on
obj, to press, push obj down with one's hands ex: Pi g 'an hu 'edadagp mi:sa da:m! Don't put your hands on the table!

dadagp Vreflex Unit mult (for sing see 'e-dagp) [Neutr: def 'e-dadag]: to put one's
hands somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied)

dadagpadam 'e- Nsubst: one that is continually being pressed with the hands/fingers dadagpadam in 'e-dadagpadam-e'edam NComp: piano, organ dadagpadam in 'e-dadagpadam-'o'ohonaku NComp: typewriter dadagpaku N: keyboard (instrument to put one's hands/fingers on) dadagpaku-e'edam NComp inalien aggreg: piano, organ (same as 'edadagpadam-e'edam)

dadagpi'ok Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-dagpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-dadagpi'o; hort
'e-dadagpi'ok]: to take one's hand off (with locative complement expressed or implied)

dadaic see Vtr dadaicud= to pitch dadaicud Vtr Repet (for Unit see da'icud) sgo (for plo see e'eicud) [Neutr: indef
dadaicud. Dur: dadaicuda-d; concurs dadaicudad-c]: to throw obj repeatedly; to recite very fast (style of recitation peculiar to the Salt Speeches)

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dadaicud/ dadap[h]iuid
ex: 'A'al bebbec 'an 'evui dadaicud. Children keep grabbing it (the snake) and throwing it at each other. -- 'Am hi a(<va) cum dadaicudc 'oia 'am a(<va) 'u:pam 'ep ce:. Although he kept throwing it away, finally he put it back there.

dadaicud (redupl of *da'icud) Vtr [Neutr: def dadaic; hort dadaicud]: to pitch obj
ex: T o 'i dadaic g bo:l. He is going to pitch the ball.

dadaicud[a]dam N: pitcher (in a baseball game) dadaicud[a]dam ha- N:

pitcher of opposite team (their pitcher) dadaicud[a]dam in 'i

dadaicud[a]dam: NExpr: pitcher of one's own team dadaicug (elis of *dadahicug) Vintr pls (for sgs see daicug) [Neutr: indef dadaicug.
Dur: dadaicuga-d]: to be sitting in/on a moving object (such as a car, a horse) ex: 'oidc dadaicug. They are riding behind me. -- 'E'o'oidc dadaicug. They are riding one behind the other (behind each other).

dadaiku see N daiku= chair dadaic (elis of *dadahic) semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see daic) [Neutr: indef dadaic.
Dur: dadaici-d]: to have obj under oneself, to be sitting on obj

dadap[h]iu see Vtr dadap[h]iun= to smooth, press, obj dadap[h]iun (met of *dadapihun) Vtr plo (for sgo see da:p[h]iun) [Neutr: def
dadap[h]iu; hort and indef dadap[h]iun]: to smooth, press, iron obj ex: Nt o 'i hadadaphiu. I'll press them. -- Nt o dadaphiu g 'ega. I'll press my clothes.

dadap[h]iun Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-dadap[h]iu; hort and indef 'e-dadap[h]iun]: to do

one's ironing ex: Nt o ndadaphiu. I'll do my ironing. -- 'E-'o-dadaphiun. She does her own ironing.

dadap[h]iunaku N aggreg: ironing iron (same as planjaku) dadap[h]iunaku see da:p[h]iunaku= instrument to smooth something dadap[h]iunas see Stat da:p[h]iunas= to be pressed, ironed dadap[h]iuid (met of *dadapihu:id) Vdtr plo (for sgo see da:p[h]iuid) [Neutr:
def dadap[h]iu; hort and indef dadap[h]iuid]: to smooth, press, iron, obj for somebody ex: M(<'am) g 'i ndadaphiuid. (Could you) do my ironing for me?

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daddaiku/ dadedam daddaiku see N daiku= chair dadd[h]e Vintr Repet (for Unit see da[ha]) sgs [Neutr: indef dadd[h]e]: to stay
somewhere in a sitting position ex: Heg o vepog hu'u mo 'om(<'am) daddhe huhuukad. I will change myself into that star which sits (in the sky) every evening.

dade Vintr Repet (for Unit see da'a) sgs (for pls see e'e) [Neutr: indef dade]: to fly
repeatedly (somewhere) ex: Ves takaj 'am dadec ababa 'u:pam 'ep jijivha. Every day it flies there but it (regularly) comes back. -- 'An 'i dadec 'am 'i huhuuk 'u'usc'e c 'an 'u:pam 'i 'ep dadec g hu jijivha 'eki: 'am. (The bird) keeps flying there and going down into the woods and flying back again and getting to its dwelling. -- 'I dadeck 'ep g hu nonagc 'u:pam 'ep jijivha. It keeps flying and making a turn and coming back again. -- Dadec 'i huhuuk. It keeps flying and landing. -- Cum hekid 'a ab dade. I always fly (take the plane). -- 'In hi a(<va) has dade hega'i 'u'uvhig. That bird is flying around and around (I wonder why). -- 'An hi a(<va) 'a'ai dade. It keeps flying back and forth (I wonder why).

dade in Vintr 'i dade Repet (for Unit see 'i da'a-) sgs (for pls see 'i e'e) [Neutr:
indef 'i dade. Interr: 'i dade-him. Dur: 'i dade-d]: to jump repeatedly ex: 'I:da'a viappoi 'o cum hekid 'am 'i dade vapaika hada:m. This boy constantly jumps over ditches. -- 'I dadec cudvup. He keeps jumping up and down (jumping and landing on both feet). -- M g ab a(<va) 'i daded 'am kolai da:m! Keep on jumping over the fence! -Si dadec ga hu mo'ovop vavt'aba'i. Everytime she jumps, she bumps her head against the the ceiling of the cave (the rock across).

dade (redupl of da'a) Vintr sgs (for pls see e'e) [Neutr: def and hort dade. Correl:
dade-k; immed: dade-ka-'i: Interr: dade-him. Dur: dade-d]: to buck ex: No dade? Does he buck? -- Vat o dade. He is going to buck. -- Dade 'et(<'at) g kavyu. The horse bucked. -- t pi o 'o(<'e)nako mas o dade. he won't be able to buck. -- T o daded. He'll keep on bucking. -- Dadehim 'o. He has been bucking. -- oigaj 'at 'i vua 'am dadek. His horse threw him off by bucking.

dadedam N indiv sg (for pl see e'edam): airplane (one that keeps flying and
landing continually (see also da'adam, 'u:gk-da'adam, 'u:gk-himdam, and 'u:gkhihhimdam)

dadedam in 'u:gk-dadedam NComp indiv sg: airplane (one that keeps flying high
and landing continually)

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dadehim/ dadge dadehim Vintr Interr sgs: to hop

ex: 'An dadehim g 'u'uvhig. The bird is hopping by. -- B(<vab ) a(<va) 'i dadehi. (The bird) just hopped along. -- Hega'i babad mat o dadehid. The frog (is an example of that) which will hop along.

dadei N: act of bucking

ex: No sma:c g dadei hega'i moiga? Does he know how to buck, that horse of yours?

dadeic see Vtr dadeicud= to make (a horse) buck dadeicud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def dadeic; hort dadeicud]: to make (a horse) buck
ex: Pi g 'am dadeicud! Don't make him buck!

dadeidag s- Stat sgs (for pls see s-e'eidag) [Neutr: indef s-dadeidag]: to have a
propensity to buck, to buck a lot. ex: No sdadeidag hega'i 'al kavyu? Does he buck a lot, that horse? - Heg 'o sdadeidag. He is a bucker (he bucks a lot).

dadeidkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-e'e[i]dkam]: one having a propensity to buck,

bucking a lot; a bucker

dadeim s- Adv sg (for pl see s-e'em): wishing to buck dadeim s- V subst intr sgs (for pls see s-e'eim): to wish to buck
ex: Cum 'o sdadeim. He is trying to buck (speaker is on the horse). -- Cum 'ok sdadeim. It looks like he is trying to buck (speaker is looking at the horse).

dadeimk s- Adv sg (for pl see s-e'eimk): wanting to buck dadeimk s- Stat intr sgs (for pls see s-e'eimk) [Neutr: indef s-dadeimk Dur: sdadeimka-d. Interr: s-dadeimka-him]: to want to buck ex: No sdadeimk hega'i kavyu map 'am ke:c? Does he like to buck, that horse you have (standing) there? -- kut pi o dadeimkad. so that he will not be able to buck.

dadeimkam s- N subst sg (for pl see s-e'eimkam) [pl: s-e'eimkam]: one liking,

wishing to buck; rodeo horse, wild horse

dadge (redupl of *da:ge) Vtr [Neutr: def hort, and indef dadge; imper sgs dadge-. Dur:
dadge-d. Interr: dadge-him]: to wrestle with obj ex: Nt o mdadge. I'll wrestle with you. - Himk dadge! Go and wrestle with him! -- Dadge 'o. He usually wrestles with him. -- Nt o dadged. I'll be wrestling with him. -- M g ab 'i dadged! Keep on wrestling with him! --Dadgehim 'a. I used to wrestle with him.

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dadge/ dada dadge Vreflex : to wrestle with each other

ex: ..'am ve:maj 'edadge g Ban hega'i Tova. ..Coyote and that Turkey wrestled together down there. -- Tdadgehim 'ac ve:maj. We used to wrestle together.

dadgedam s-cu- N wrestler (same as ha-dadgedam) dadgedam ha- N: wrestler (same as s-cu-dadgedam) dadgedam 'e- N: a couple of wrestlers (ones wrestling with each other)
ex: haei g 'edadgedam. I saw the wrestlers.

dadgei N [loc: dadgei-t-'ab]: the act of wrestling

ex: Nap sma:c g dadgei? Do you know how to wrestle?-- S'ema:c 'ab dadgeit'ab. He is expert at wrestling.

dadkpo see N dakpo= hair in the nose; moustache dadpidva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see dapidva): to slip, skid, by mistake dadpidva Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see dadpidva) [Neutr: def, hort and indef dapidva.
Interr: dapidvu-him]: to slip, skid, by mistake (same as lepidva) ex: Sda:pk g vakus, nt dapidva. I slipped on the slippery floor (the floor is slippery, I slipped). -- Pt o 'om(<'am) dapidva! You are going to slip! --Dapidva 'at g ma:gina. The car skidded.

dadpidva Vreflex Unit pls (for sgs see 'e-dapidva): to slide, skid for amusement
ex: Tt o hihimk o tdadpidva! Let's go skid!

dadpk see Stat s-da:pk= to be smooth, slippery, nude, bare dadpka Vintr pls (for sgs see da:pka) [Neutr: def dadpka Interr: dadpka-him]: to
become smooth, bare

dadpkajid Vtr plo (for sgo see da:pkajid) [Neutr: def dadpkaj; hort and indef
dadpkajid]: to smooth, bare, obj

dad see Vtr dadp= to put obj in a sitting position dada Vtr Repet (for Unit see da:) sgo (for plo see dadap) [Neutr: indef dada]: to
put obj in a sitting position (somewhere) repeatedly

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dada/ dadap
ex: Ba:p dada g 'eha'a? Where do you put your olla?-- 'An 'a dada ha'a-daikut'an 'am vatto veco. I put it on the olla stand under the ramada.

dada N inalien: repeated act of putting something (sg) in a sitting position somewhere dadc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see da:c): to have obj in a sitting position somewhere
ex: hega'i 'u'uvhig-nonha matp 'ab hadadc 'am hana:tok hega'i viappoi. those bird eggs which he had sitting up there (in the nest) after making them, that boy.

dadcid Vdtr plo (for sgo see da:cid): to have obj in a sitting position somewhere for
somebody

dadcug Vtr plo (for sgo see da:cug): to carry obj in a sitting position somewhere
ex: Hema me g ma:gina c g haha'a 'am hadadcug. There goes a car carrying (cases of) bottles (one car runs and it carries bottles in a sitting position).

dadp Vtr Unit (for Repet see dadap) plo (for sgo see da:) [Neutr: def dad ; hort
dadp[]; imper sgs dadpa-. Correl: dad-k; immed: dad-ka-'i. Compl: dad-ok; immed: dad-oka-'i]: to put obj in a sitting position somewhere ex: Ba:pt dad g vakei? Where did you put my (buckets of) milk? --..'ab hadad 'emo:m da'adam. ..they put them (the birds) on top of their heads. -- ..'an hab o ho(<ha)dad hegam 'a'al k o 'i hamo:t gm hu 'eki: vui. ..she will put those children in there (her carrying basket) and will carry them to her house. --.. 'am cum hadad, el 'i hadad. .. in vain did he try to make them sit up, to make them sit up straight. --Kumt 'an o ho(<ha)dad gda:m 'i:da'a. (Why don't you pl) put them (the mud balls) on top of this. -..matt 'am hadadk 'am ha'icu 'al daha 'ama'i. ..(in the spot where) we put them (the birds) some little things are sitting.

dadp Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-da:) [Neutr: def 'e-dad ]: to be put in a sitting
position ex: 'I 'at o ha'i 'edad g ve:m-eioku ki: 'e. Several telephone sets are going (hearsay) to be installed (here) in my house. -- 'In 'at o 'o(<'e)dad g ve:m-eioku tki:k 'e. Telephone sets are going (hearsay) to be installed in our houses (around here).

dadpa N inalien: act of putting several things in a sitting position somewhere dadap Vtr Repet (for Unit see dadp) plo (for ago see dada) [Neutr: indef
dadap. Dur: dadapa-d]: to put obj in a sitting position (somewhere) repeatedly ex: Ba:p hadadap? Where do you put them (glasses, bottles)?

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dadva/ da[h]aivuim dadva in V Expr haha'as 'i dadva mult (for sing see ha'as 'i dava): to make
several piles with/of obj

dadvis in Stat Expr intr ha'as 'i davis: to be piled up da[h]a see Stat da[h]a= to be staying, residing; to be in a sitting position da[h]a Vintr pls (for sgs see da[h]a) [Neutr: def and indef da[h]a; concurs da[h]akc. Correl: da[h]a-k; immed: da[h]a-ka-'i. Dur: concurs da[h]a-d-c. Interr: dah]ahim]: to sit, be sitting somewhere; to stay somewhere for a short while in a sitting position ex: 'Idam 'o'odham 'am dahakc ka: g iokdam-ma:gina. These men are sitting there listening to the radio. -- 'In 'amt o dahaka'i 'oidk. You(pl) ride behind me (for a short while). --..'i hu ab dahadc 'amje 'am a(<va) si e'eid. while just sitting here, from there they watch him intently. -- hebi(<heba'i) o dahahi g 'a'al. where there will be children sitting for a short while.

da[h]ahim see Vintr da[h]a= to sit, be sitting, somewhere; to stay somewhere da[h]ahim Vintr mult (for sing see daihim): to sit, be sitting, in several rows da[h]aiva (met of *dadahiva) Vintr Unit (for Repet see da[h]aivup) pls (for sgs see dahiva) [Neutr: def, indef and hort da[h]aiva; imper da[h]aiv-yo. Correl:
da[h]aiva-k; immed: da[h]aiva-ka-'i]: to sit down, alight, stop, settle, somewhere ex: Dahaivyo. You people sit down. --'A:cim 'att 'i o dahaiva 'i:ya'a. We'll sit down here. --'I 'amt o dahaiva. (Why dont you people) sit down here.-- 'E'o'oidc o dahaiva. Sit down one behind the other.--'I 'att o a(<va) 'i kia dahaiva. We will stay here only for a short while. --g hu 'i dahaivak 'am hab ha'a:gid hab masma after they had sat down, they told them the story (how). haha'as 'i da[h]aiva VExpr intr mult (for sing see ha'as 'i dahiva) [Neutr: def da[h]aiva. Interr: da[h]aivu-him]: to pile up, form several piles ex: Haha'as 'i dahaivuhim. It is in the process of forming several piles.

da[h]aiva (met of *dadahiva) Vintr pls (for sgs see dahiva): to camp somewhere for
a short while (as for the night) ex: 'Am 'att dahaiva 'ama'i kui veco. We camped under a mesquite over there.

da[h]aivuim see V subst intr s-dahivuim= to wish to sit down

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da[h]aivup/ dagimundam da[h]aivup (met of *dadahivup) Vintr Repet (for Unit see da[h]aiva) pls (for sgs see dahivup) [Neutr: indef da[h]aivup. Dur: da[h]aivupa-d]: to sit down, alight, stop
somewhere repeatedly ex: ..'u'uvhig 'ab cum dahaivupc 'ab a 'i ko:kc ko'o. ..every time birds alight there, they die in their sleep.

da[h]akam see N da:kam= resident da[h]akam see Stat Expr vu da:kam= to be a resident somewhere da[h]akdam see N da:kdam= one that stays at home dag[h]iu see Vtr dag[h]iun= to wipe obj dag[h]iud (met of *dagihud) Vtr sgo [Neutr: def, hort and indef dag[h]iud]: to take care
of obj (same as dag[h]iuvid)

dag[h]iun (met of* dagihun) Vtr sgo (for plo see dadag[h]iun) [Neutr: def dag[h]iu;
hort and indef dag[h]iun. Correl: dag[h]iun-k; immed: dag[h]iun-ka-'i. Interr: dag[h]iunahim. Dur: dag[h]iuna-d]: to wipe obj ex: Si g sgakima daghiun! Wipe it dry! -- Daghiun 'o g 'evuhioa g toayakaj. He is wiping his face with a towel. --Daghiunahim 'o. He is wiping it (an object with a large surface).

dag[h]iuvid (met of *dagihuvid) Vtr [Neutr: def dag[h]iuv; hort and indef dag[h]iuvid.
Correl: dag[h]iuvid-k; immed: dag[h]iuvid-ka-'i. Dur: dag[h]iuvida-d. Interr: dag[h]iuvida-him]: to take care of obj (same as dag[h]iud) ex: Nt o 'i daghiuv g hu'ul. I'll take care of my grandmother. --Daghiuvida! Take care of it! --M(<'am) g 'i daghiuvid g ki:! (Please) take care of the house! --(<'a) daghiuvid g ge'el. I take care of my parents. --M(<'am) 'a a(<va) daghiuvid g hu'ul. I have been taking care of my grandmother all along. --Daghiuvidahim 'a. I used to take care of him.

dag[h]iuv see Vtr dag[h]iuvid= to take care of obj dagimu see Vtr dagimun= to massage obj dagimun Vtr [Neutr: def dagimu; hort and indef dagimun]: to massage obj
ex: Nt o 'i mdagimu k o 'i mmoikad. I'll relax you (make you soft) by massaging you. --N(<'an) g 'i ndagimun! Massage me (please). --Ndagimun 'o. He is massaging me/ he usually massages me.

dagimuna N: act of massaging

ex: Heg 'o sma:c g dagimuna. He knows how to massage.

dagimundam ha- N aggreg: masseur (one who massages people continually)

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dagivin/ dagk[h]on dagivin Vtr [Neutr: def dagivi; hort and indef dagivin]: to knead, crumble a soft
substance; to pick waste materials out of obj (such as grain or beans) ex: Nt o 'i dagivi g va:ga. I'll knead my dough. -- Pt o si dagivi! (You sg) knead it a lot! - Dagivin 'a g va:ga. I am kneading my dough. --Nap dagivin g 'eva:ga? Do you(sg) (usually) knead your dough?

dag[]to Vtr Unit (for Repet see dadag[]tho) [Neutr: def, hort and indef dag[]to;
imper sgs dag[]to-, pls dag[]to-yo. Correl: dag[]to-k; immed: dag[]to-ka-'i. Compl: dag[]to-yok; immed: dag[]to-yoka-'i]: to let go of obj, turn obj loose, leave obj alone, to quit, drop (a habit) once ex: Dagto! Let go of it/him! --Ndagto! Let go of me/ leave me alone! --Kumt 'i ab(< vab ) o a(<va) ndagto! (Why don't you pl) just leave me here! -- Dagito 'ont<'ant) g 'i'idag. I dropped the habit of drinking.--Dagto 'ont< 'ant) g je:jena. I dropped the habit of smoking --Pi 'intk(<'antk) o dagto. I am unable to let go of it (drop it). --Kumt o dagtok o himto gm hu! (Why don't you pl) leave him alone and go away! -- Nap hig pi ma:c matt heba'i dagtoyok g tka:k. You know very well where we left our grandmother. vab dag[]to ha'icu VExpr: to leave things in a mess ex: Pi 'ok u a 'i 'uvk 'an ab 'i dagto ha'icu. She is no lady, she left everything in a mess.

dag[]tois Stat: to be left alone (let go of)

ex: Heg 'o dagtois. That one is left.

dag[]to Vtr Unit (for Repet see dadag[]tho) [Neutr: indef dag[]to]: to let go of
obj reiteratedly

dagk[h]o see Vtr dagk[h]on= to wipe obj dagk[h]o see Vtr dagk[h]on= to drop obj dagk[h]on Vtr sgo (for plo see dadagk[h]on) [Neutr: def dagk[h]o; hort and indef
dagk[h]on. Correl: dagkon-k; immed: dagkon-ka-'i. Compl: dagkon-ok; immed: dagkonoka-'i. Interr: dagkona-him.]: to wipe obj ex: Nt o 'i dagko g mi:sa. I'll wipe the table. --M g 'i dagkon! Wipe it (please)! -- 'I dagkon g 'evuhioa! Wipe your face! --Dagkon 'o g 'evahioa g toayakaj. He is wiping his face with a towel. --Dagkonahim 'a. I am wiping it ( you wipe and stop).

dagk[h]on Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-dadagk[h]on) [Neutr: def 'e-dagk[h]o; hort
and indef 'e-dagk[h]on]: to wipe oneself ex: 'E-g-dagkon. Wipe yourself. --'E-'o-dagkon g ntoayakaj. He is wiping himself with my towel / he usually wipes himself with my towel.

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dagk[h]on/ dagp dagk[h]on Vtr sgo (for plo see dadagk[h]on) [Neutr: def dagk[h]o; hort dagk[h]on;
imper sgs dagkona-]: to drop obj ex: Dagkona! Drop it! --Pi g 'am 'ep dagkon! Don't drop it again! --Pt o dagko. You are going to drop it. --Dagko 'ont(<'ant). I dropped it.

dagk[h]on Vreflex sgs: to loose one's grip (with locative expressed or implied)
ex: Vantk o ndagko. I am going to loose my grip.

dagk[h]onaku N inalien indiv [pl: dadagk[h]onaku]: towel (same as toaya) dagk[h]onas Stat sgs [pls: dadagk[h]onas]: to be wiped dagk[h]o see Vdtr dagk[h]oid= to wipe obj for somebody dag[h]oid Vdtr sgo (for plo see dadagk[h]oid) [Neutr: def dagk[h]o; hort
dagk[h]oid]: to wipe obj for somebody

dagko Vtr sgo (for plo see dadagko) [Neutr: indef dagko]: to drop obj reiteratedly
ex: Cum hekid dagko. Everytime she drops one (dish). --Pi gevpk no:nhai c cum hekid ha'icu dagko. He/she does not have strong hands and he/she keeps dropping things.

dagko Vreflex: to let go of things, drop things reiteratedly, to have a bad grasp on
things ex: 'Edagko . He keeps dropping it.

dagc semi Stat tr sing (for mult see dadagc) [Neutr: indef dagc. Dur: dagci-d]: to
have one's hand on obj ex: Nt o dagcid. I'll keep my hand on it.

dagc semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-dadagc) [Neutr: indef 'e-dagc. Dur: 'edagci-d]: to have one's hand somewhere (with loc complement expressed or implied) ex: 'Edagcid! Keep your hand (on it)! -- 'I a g 'edagcid! Keep your hand (on it) here! -- Nt o ndagcid. I'll keep my hand (on it).

dagp Vtr Unit (for Repet see dagap) sing (for mult see dadagp) [Neutr: def dag;
indef dagp; hort dagp[]. Compl: dagp-ok; immed: dagp-oka-'i]: to put one's hand (or the fingers of one hand) on obj, to press, push obj down with one's hand ex: M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) dag g tapial. I'll put my hand on the paper. -- Pi g 'am hu dagp[] g tapial! Don't put your hand on the paper! -- Nt o 'i dag g vepegi. I'll turn on the light (push down the electric switch). --B(<'ab) g 'i dagp[] g vepegi! Turn on the light (push down the electric switch)! --'I dagp[]! Push it down! - M g si 'i dagp[]! Press it way down!

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dagp/ da[ha] dagp Vreflex Unit sing (for mult see dadagp) [Neutr: def 'e-dag ; indef 'e-dagp;
hort 'e-dagp. Compl immed: dagp-oka-'i. Dur: 'e-dagpa-d]: to put one's hand somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Pt o 'edag 'a:i 'ab 'ab. (Why don't you) put your hand on me. --Cu'i-vuadamt'an 'ant o ndag. I'll touch the corn meal thrower. --Pi g 'an hu 'edagp mi:sa da:m! Don't put your hand on the table! --'Edagp! Press (on it) with your hand/finger (as in taking a fingerprint)! --'Edagpoka'i! Press (on it) with your hand first! --Pi g 'an hu 'edagpad mi:sa da:m! Don't be continually putting your hand on the table!

dagpi'o see Vreflex 'e-dagpi'ok= to take one's hand off dagpi'ok Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'edagapi'ok) sing (for mult see 'edadagpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-dagpi'o; hort 'e-dagpi'ok]: to take one's hand off (with loc
complement expressed or implied)

dagap Vtr Repet (for Unit see dagp) sing [Neutr: indef dagap. Dur: dagapa-d]:
to put one's hand on obj repeatedly ex: Hekid ab a(<va) dagap hemho a(<va) vepegimad. Every time I touch it I get an electric shock. --Pi g 'am hu dagapad! Don't be putting your hand on it repeatedly!

dagapi'ok Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-dagpi'ok) sing [Neutr: indef 'edagapi'ok. Dur: 'e-dagapi'oka-d]: to take one's hand off repeatedly (with locative complement expressed or implied)

dagtpag Vtr [Neutr: def dagtpa; hort dagtpag]: to press obj down, pack it tight, with one
hand ex: Nt o si 'i dagtpa. I'll pack it tight. --M g si 'i dagtpag! Pack it tight!

da[ha] (assim of *dahe) Vintr Unit (for Repet see dadd[h]e) sgs (for pls see da[h]a)
[Neutr: def and indef da; concurs da-kc/da-c. Correl: da-k; immed: da-ka-'i. Dur: concurs daha-d-c]: to stay somewhere for a short while in a sitting position ex:matp 'an da hahugid 'an. who is sitting at their side. --ia k 'amje 'an dakc gm hu ha'icu eid 'eveco. Well, from where he is sitting he commands the view below (himself). -- Ga hu dac 'ab e:na g ta. He sits there and he waits for the sun. --'1 'ant o dac o me:na. I'll sit here and wait for you. --'I 'ant o dakc o me:nad. I'll sit here while I am waiting for you. --'am dakc 'ehu:kajid. sitting there he warms himself. --dakc 'am hi a(<va) 'i 'al na:dk. sitting there after making a little fire. --'Am 'o dakc na:nda. Sitting there he is making a fire. --Na:nda 'o 'am dakc. He is making a fire sitting there. --'I 'a ab dakc pi je:. I am just sitting here without smoking. --ga hu jiva (<ku ) 'ea 'ab da hega'i Ho'ok. he got there while the Witch was at home. --'1 'a ab dahadc pi je:. I have been sitting here without smoking. --'Am 'o dahadc na:nda. He has been

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da[ha]/ dahidag
sitting there making a fire. --Dahadc huat. She is sitting making a basket. --'1 'a dahadc e:na. I have been sitting here waiting for him. --'I 'a ab dahadc pi ha'icu has vua. I have been just sitting here without doing a thing. --'1 'ant o dahadc o me:nad. I'll be sitting here waiting for you. --Nt o m'oidk daka'i. Can I ride behind you? --'In 'apt o daka'i 'oidk. Ride behind me. ha'as 'i da[ha] VExpr intr Unit sing (for mult see haha'as 'i da[h]a) [Neutr: def and indef da. Interr: dai-him]: to form a pile somewhere ex: kutp 'ea hega'i hako'odc matp hakokda g hemajkam ha'as 'i da. meanwhile the corpses of the people whom he had killed formed a pile.

daha Stat intr [sgs (Neutr: indef daha; def da:=k. Dur: da:=ka-d. Interr: da:=ka-him); pls
(Neutr: indef daha; def daha=k. Dur: daha=ka-d. Interr: daha=kahim)]: to be staying, residing somewhere; to be at home; to be in a sitting position (for round objects and objects with a base) ex: Ba:p daha? Where do you live? -- Ba: 'o daha g ko:ba? Where is my glass? --'An 'o daha mi:sa da:m g mko:ba. Your glass is on the table. --'am hab daha 'ama'i ve:maj. he stays there with her. --'Am hu daha g nnavoj heg'ea kokdam haki:. My friend is (convalescing) at the hospital. -- Hab 'a:g mant pi hebi(<heba'i) o himk 'i ab o a(<va) da:kc o u:kud 'i:ya'a g ki:. He told me not to go anywhere but to stay here and watch the house. --'I 'ant ab o da:kc o me:na. I'll just stay here and wait for you. --'I 'ant o da:kadc o me:nad. I'll be here waiting for you. --'I 'ant ab o 'i da:kad. I'll just stay here --M g ab 'i da:kad! Just stay there! --Napt 'ab o a(<va) da:kad baic domig? Will you be at home next Sunday? --'I 'a da:kahimc 'i a cum me:nahim. I stayed here waiting for you in vain. --Tp hekid 'i hi: 'ab da:kahimc. It (the bird) left after staying up there a certain amount of time. --'Im 'o daha ki: bao. They are sitting in front of the house (speaker is inside the house). -- Ga hu daha ki: bao. They are sitting in front of that house over there. --'Am 'o daha ki:c'ea. They are inside the house. -- 'E'o'oidc daha. They are sitting one behind the other. --k 'am 'al daha g 'u'uvhig-nonha 'ama'i. and there are little birds' eggs down there. --No svinma daha? Are they holding fast (as of buttons)? --Vu:puij va:j heba'i 'al 'i daha. Her eyes are sunk in. daic da[h]a Stat Expr sgs: to live somewhere permanently ex: 'I a daic daha g ki:dag m'i hab cu'ig. It is here that I spend my life.

dahidag in ha'icu dahidag NExpr sing [mult: ha'icu da:[h]aidag]: bulbous plants
(plants with a single root such as carrots, turnips)

dahidag in 'o:sa-dahidag NComp(?) indiv: sickle handle dahidag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-da[h]idag (met of *s-da:dahidag)]: to ride well, to sit well in
the saddle ex: a 'a<'o) va 'i sdahidag. He rides pretty well. --a 'a<'o) va 'i sda:haidag. They ride pretty well. --Kavyu 'atk 'i vua g vakial natp pi dahidag. The horse threw the cowboy because he does not sit well in the saddle, I guess.

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dahidaj/ dahiva dahidaj N: bulb, single root of a specified plant; handle of a specified instrument (its
handle; its bulb, its single root)

dahidc Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef dahidc. Dur: dahidci-d]: to lie in wait for obj
ex: 'I 'ant o dahidcid g ban. I'll be lying in wait for a coyote, here.--'I 'att o dahidcid. We'll be lying in wait for him here. --'I 'ant ab o 'i dahidcid. I'll be lying in wait for him here (until he comes). --Heg 'o dahidc g ban. He is lying in wait for a coyote.

dahidkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-da:[h]aidkam (met of *sda:dahidkam)]: a good rider,

one who sits well in the saddle

dahidkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-da:[h]aidkam]: to be a good rider, one who
sits well in the saddle ex: Heg 'o (<vu) sdahidkam. He is a good rider.

dahidt Vintr sgs (for pls see da:[h]aidt) [Neutr: def dahidt. Interr: dahidta-him]: to
become able to sit up by oneself ex: Dahidt 'at. He can sit up by himself. --Dahidtahim 'o. He is about to be able to sit up by himself (he is at the age when he is beginning to be able to sit up by himself).

dahiva N indiv [pl: da:[h]aiva (met of *da:dahiva)]: kangaro mouse, ground squirrel
ex: Smu'ij g da:haiva 'ama'i. There are lots of ground squirrels down there.

dahiva Vintr Unit (for Repet see dahivup) sgs (for pls see da[h]aiva) [Neutr: def
and hort dahiva; imper: dahiva-. Correl: dahiva-k.; immed: dahiva-ka-'i. Compl: dahivok; immed: dahiv-oka-'i]: to sit down, to alight, to stop, to settle (somewhere) ex: Dahiva. Sit down. -- 'I 'ant o dahiva 'i:ya'a. I'll sit down here.--'U'uvhig 'atk 'an dahiva vepegi-vavaim da:m. A bird alighted on the electric line. --'I:da'a 'u'uvhig 'an da'adc 'atk 'an dahiva kolait'an. As it was flying this bird alighted on the fence. -- k 'am dahiva g hab hugid 'an. and it (the kicking ball) stopped by her side. --'An dahivak gm hu me: atk. He sat down and drove away. --Dahivoka'ik 'am aha(<haha) vo 'a:g. Sit down and then tell it to me. ha'as 'i dahiva VExpr Unit sing (for mult see haha'as 'i da[h]aiva) [Neutr: def dahiva. Interr: dahivu-him]: to pile up, to form a pile somewhere ex: T g cu:kugaj ha'as 'i dahiva. His flesh piled up (on the ground). --Ha'as 'i dahiva g jevu. The soil has piled up (there).

dahiva Vintr sgs (for pls see da[h]aiva): to camp somewhere for a short time (such
as for the night) ex: 'Am 'ant dahiva 'ama'i kui veco. I camped under that mesquite.

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dahivuim/ daic da[h]a dahivuim s-V subst intr sgs [pls: s-da[h]aivuim (met of *s-dadahivuim)]: to wish to sit
down ex: Nap cum sdahivuim? Would you(sg) like to sit down? --Nam cum sdahaivuim? Would you(pl) like to sit down?

dahivup Vintr Repet (for Unit see dahiva) sgs (for pls see da[h]aivup) [Neutr:
indef dahivup. Dur: dahivupa-d]: to sit down, alight (somewhere) repeatedly ex: Dahivup 'o g nobbi. My doll sits down. --ia k hab 'a'aga ma u hega'i mo huhuukad gm hu dahivup hu'u. Well, they called him (hearsay) the star that sits (in the sky) every evening.

dai see Vtr da:= to put obj in a sitting position somewhere daicug (elis of *dahicug) Vintr sgs (for pls see dadaicug) [Neutr: indef daicug. Dur:
daicuga-d]: to be sitting in/on a moving object (such as a car, a horse) ex: Daicug 'ekavyu 'an. He is riding his horse. --Daicug 'an 'ema:gina. He is riding his car. --'oidc daicug. He is riding (a car or a horse) behind me.

daihim see Vintr da[ha]: to sit, be sitting somewhere; to stay somewhere daihim Vintr Interr pls: to be looking for a place to camp for a short time (as for the
night) ex: 'An 'amt o 'i daihi. You people look for a place to camp (overnight) around here.

daihim Vintr Interr sing (for mult see da[h]ahim): to sit, be sitting somewhere in a
row (one behind the other) ex: 'amje 'ab 'i daihimk 'i hahugk 'am 'atp 'ea 'ab me g Ban. from there to the last one of them they (the quails) were sitting in a row when Coyote came running in their direction.

daiku (elis of *dahiku) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg daikua-j); pl: dadaiku; distr:
daddaiku]: chair ha'a-daiku NComp alien: olla stand 'oidc-daiku NComp: back seat (of a car)

daic (elis of *dahic) semi Stat tr sgs (for pls dadaic) [Neutr: indef daic. Dur:
daici-d]: to have obj under oneself, to be sitting on obj ex: Daic 'ap g tapial. You(sg) are sitting on the paper.

daic da[h]a Stat Expr sgs: to live permanently (somewhere)

ex: 'l a daic daha g ki:dag m'i hab cu'ig. It is here that I spend my life.

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daiv/ dakva daiv Vintr Unit (for Repet see daivup) pls (for sgs see jiva) [Neutr: def dada; indef
daiv. Correl: dada-k; immed: dada-ka'i. Compl: dada-yok; immed: dada-yoka-'i. Dur: daiva-d. Interr: daiva-him/ dada-him]: to arrive somewhere on foot or on horseback at a walking pace. ex: 'I 'att hu dada.--Heu'u dada 'amt. Here we are (have arrived). --Yes, you(pl) have arrived. (Formula used as greetings, equivalent to hello, how are you?) --Vat o dada g 'o:b. The enemy is going to arrive. --Dadahim 'ac. We are about to arrive. -- elma 'o dadahim. They have almost arrived. -- Pt o nai matt 'am o 'i dadahi. Make a fire when we are about to arrive. --Kut 'i a dadak 'am o si has 'i 'el 'am vui g Jesus. We came here in order to praise Jesus. --'am ab hek hu 'e'a:g mat o koi ga hu dadak. they already knew that they would die once they had gotten there.--c g hu 'ep dadak 'am 'ep 'a:gid g 'eje'e. and having gotten back home they say it again to their mother. -- Dadaka'io! Get there first! --'I 'o daiv g 'o:b. The enemy gets here (regularly). -- Pt o 'a:g g'amje matp hekid 'i daiv g 'o:b. Tell me about the time when the enemy used to come (regularly).-- G hu 'i hek hu mant koi ma:s matp 'ea 'i daiv g 'o:b. It was before I was born that the enemy used to get here (regularly).-- ha'i 'am cum daiv g 'u'uvhig. some birds try continually to get there. -- Hegam 'o 'i daiv ves takaj. They come here every day. -- Tt o a(<va) daivad 'u:pam. We'll be coming back home regularly. -- 'I g o daivad ves takaj! Come here every day! -- Hehemakodc daiv. They arrive one by one (one after the other in a continuous flow). --Hehemakodc o daivad. They will be arriving one by one (one after the other in a continuous flow).

daivup Vintr Repet (for Unit see daiv) pls (for sgs see jijiv[h]a) [Neutr: indef daivup.
Dur: daivupad. Interr: daivupa-him]: to get, arrive (somewhere) on foot repeatedly ex: 'Am hu a(<va) e'ec 'ep daivup. They keep flying there and coming back. --Tt o a(< va) daivupad ves takaj. We will be coming here every day.

dak see Vintr da[ha]= to sit, be sitting (somewhere) dak in NExpr subst Ban Dak: name of a village (where a coyote sat) dakpo N inalien aggreg [distr: dadkpo]: hair in the nose dakpo N inalien indiv [pl: dadkpo]: mustache dakpo Stat sgs: to have a mustache
ex: 'An aha(<haha) ge dakpo. He has a mustache now (it is unexpected).

dakpokam N subst sg: one with hair in his nose; one with a mustache dakva Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def and hort dakva]: to hit with, bump, one's nose
ex: 'Ali 'i ge:k 'am si dakva. The child fell and bumped his nose real hard.

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dapidva/ da'a dapidva Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-dadpidva): to slide, skid for amusement dapiva Vtr: to rehearse (ceremonial songs)
ex: Tt o ho(<ha)dapiva. We will rehearse them.

dava Vtr Unit (for Repet see davup) sgo [Neutr: def and hort dava]: to make obj
stop short; to shake down obj once ex: B(<vab) si dava g 'ekavyu. He made his horse stop short. -- B(<vab) si ndava. He made me stop short. -- M(<'am) 'a cum iok t ab si ndava. He interrupted me as I was trying to talk (then/there I am trying in vain to talk, he just stopped me short). --Si 'i dava! Give it a good shake (as with a sack, in order to pack it tight)! ha'as 'i dava VExpr tr sing (for mult see haha'as 'i dadva): to make a pile with

davis Stat in ha'as 'i davis Stat Expr tr sing [for mult see haha'as 'i dadvis]: to
be piled up somewhere ex: Ha'as 'i davis g 'o'o. There is a pile of sand.-- Haha'as 'i dadvis g 'o'o. There are several piles of sand.

davup Vtr Repet (for Unit see dava) sgo [Neutr: indef davup. Dur: davupa-d]: to
make obj stop short repeatedly; to shake down obj (with several shakes) ex: Si davup g 'ekostal c 'am 'ep babaiham. She keeps shaking down her sack and packing it some more. --Pi g 'am davupad g 'ekavyu! Don't be making your horse stop short repeatedly!

da'a in VExpr intr 'i da'a Unit (for Repet see 'i dade) sgs (for pls see 'i e:-)
[Neutr: def 'i da:; hort 'i da:['i]. Correl: 'i da'a-k; immed: 'i da'aka-'i. Compl: 'i da'i-ok; immed: 'i da'i-oka-'i]: to jump ex: Napt 'ab o 'i da:, pi 'o 'u:g. Will you jump, it's not too high. --Nt o 'i da: 'am vaika da:m. I'll jump over the ditch. --M(<'am) 'at 'i da: vaika da:m. He jumped over the ditch (away from speaker's point of reference). -- Cucul 'at gm hu 'i da: kolai da:m. The chicken jumped over the fence. --B(<'ab) g 'i da:. (Why don't you) jump down (toward me). --B(<'ab) g 'i da:. Jump down (toward me) right away. -- 'I g 'i da:'i! Jump down here! --M(<'am) g 'i da:'i! Jump! (over something and away from speaker's point of reference).--Sko'okam 'at 'eju: g huav 'an 'i da'ak kolai da:m. The deer hurt himself when he jumped over the fence. --'I 'ant gei 'am 'i da'ak. I fell when I jumped. -- ..haha 'i da'ak hab kaij. ..having jumped he said --- ..mam eid has masma hab o 'eju: g 'u'uvhig 'am 'i da'aka'i. ..as you(pl) see a bird will do after it has jumped (once).--Hemho 'i da'ak 'i vua. (The horse) threw him down by shying (jumping) once.

da'a Vintr Unit (for Repet see dade) sgs (for pls see e:e'e) [Neutr: def da:; hort
da:'i; imper da'i-; indef da'a. Correl: da'a-k; immed: da'a-ka-'i. Dur: da'a-d. Interr: da'ahim/ da'i-him]: to fly (a bird, an airplane).

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da'a / da'adam
ex: 'U'uvhig 'atk o da:. The bird is going to fly off. --Nt o da:. I'll fly (take the plane). -'U'uvhig 'at 'an da:. A bird flew by. --Gam g hu da:'i! Fly away! --Ba'ag 'o 'on(<'an) hema da'ihim. An eagle is flying by. --Napt o da'ihid? Will you be flying (in an airplane)? -'U'uvhig 'o 'on(<'an) da'a. A bird flies --'I:da'a 'u'uvhig 'an da'adc 'atk 'an dahiva kolait'an. This bird was flying and it alighted on the fence. --Da'adc da'adc da'adc(The bird) kept on flying and flying and flying--M(< 'am) 'at da'ak 'ep jiva. It flew there and came back. --Hemu 'ut(<'at) hi a(<va) koi ha da'ak 'atp hu 'i pi 'oi vo da:. Since it has never flown before, maybe it wont fly off right away.-- ..hema ha'ap 'ep o da'ak 'ab o 'ema'ihi g'aba'i. ..one (of the gins sticks) will fly in that direction and will bump against it.

da'a Vintr [Neutr: indef da'a. Dur: da'a-d]: to beat (the heart)
ex: Si sceim da'a g 'i:bdag. My heart is thumping (beating with a thumping noise).

da'a s- Vtr [Neutr: indef s-da'a. Dur: s-da'a-d. Interr: s-da'a-him]: to hold onto, keep obj
to oneself, to be reluctant to part with, share, obj; to be attached to obj; to side up with, back up obj ex: 'Id 'a sda'a. I don't want to part with this. -- Sda'a 'o g 'elulsiga. He does not like to share his candy. --Sda'a 'ac g tjevuga. We are holding on to our land. --'Id 'a si sda'a. I am extremely attached to this. --Sda'ac pi a 'i tmamaka. They refuse to let us have it (they hold on to it and do not give it to us). -- Snda'a 'o g Paul. Paul keeps me to himself (is possessive). --Sda'a 'a g Paul. I keep Paul to myself (I am possessive). --Sda'a g 'ema. She sides up with her child. -- Sda'a mat hab o cei. He is reluctant to say anything. --Pi g a 'i da'ad g 'elialga! Don't be reluctant to part with your money! --Cum 'o sda'ahim g 'elialga. He used to be reluctant to part with his money.

da'a s-cu- V [Neutr: indef s-cu-da'a. Dur: s-cu-da'a-d. Interr: s-cu-da'ahim]: to be

possessive, to be reluctant to part with, share things (same as s-cu-huvid) ex: Ha'icu 'o sda'a. He is stingy. --Pi i<'a) ha'icu da'a. I am not stingy. --Cum scuda'ahim. He used to be stingy.

da'a vu Stat Expr tr: to be something that one is reluctant to part with, to be precious to
somebody ex: 'Id 'o o(<vu) si nda'a. This is very precious to me.

da'adam see Postp da:m= on, on top of, above, over da'adam see Adv da:m= above, on top da'adam N indiv sg: airplane (one that flies uninterruptedly; also called dadedam,
'u:gk-himdam, and 'u:gk-hihhimdam) 'u:gk-da'adam NComp indiv sg: airplane (one that flies high uninterruptedly)

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da'adam/ da'icud da'adam s-cu N subst aggreg: stingy one (same as huvidvul)
ex: hega'i scuda'adam: that stingy one -- hegam scuda'adam: those stingy ones

da'adam in ha'icu s-da'adam NExpr: one reluctant to part with, share something
kavh: s-da'adam NExpr: one reluctant to share (his) coffee

da'ak see Vintr 'i da'a- = to jump da'ak see Vintr da'a= to fly da'ibbim Vintr Repet (for Unit see da'ibi[ji]m) sg (for pls see e'ibbim) [Neutr:
indef da'ibbim]: to go fast repeatedly past, around (with a locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Ha'a'ahexc 'am da'ibbim hahugid 'an. Every time he reaches a car he overtakes it (he keeps reaching them and running ahead of them).

da'ibij see Vintr da'ibilji]m= to go fast past, around da'ibi[ji]m Vintr Unit (for Repet see da'ibbim) sgs (for pls see e'ibi[ji]m) [Neutr:
def da'ibij; hort and indef da'ibim; imper da'ibima-. Dur: da'ibima-d. Interr: da'ibim[i]him]: to go fast past, around (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: hugid 'an da'ibij. He overtook me (he passed by my side). --Nt o 'i da'ibij. I will overtake (it/him). -- M(<'am) 'ant da'ibij. I overtook (it/him). --M(<'am) g ab da'ibim! Just overtake (it/him)! --Gi'ikho 'on(<'an) 'i da'ibij 'eki: ve:gaj. Four times he ran around his house. --N(<'an) g hu da'ibim ki: ve:gaj! Run around the house (once)! --'An 'o 'i da'ibimhim ki: ve:gaj. He is (in the process of) running around the house (once with interruptions). -- 'An 'at o 'i da'ibimhi ki: ve:gaj. He was in the process of running around the house (once with interruptions).--'An 'at o 'i da'ibimad ki: ve:gaj. It will keep on circling around the house.

da'ic see Vtr da'icud= to throw obj da'ic see Vreflex 'e-da'icud= to be thrown da'icud Vtr Unit (for Repet see dadaicud) sgo (for plo see e:ncud) [Neutr: def
da'ic; hort da'icud. Correl: da'icud-k; immed: da'icud-ka-'i]: to throw obj ex:kut pi vo mda'ic.so that (the horse) will not throw you. --'am da'ic hema hega'i 'u:s. he threw one of those sticks there. --M(<'am) 'ant o 'i da'ic g bo:l mvui. I'll throw the ball to you. --B(<'ab) g 'i da'icud g bo:l! Throw the ball this way! --B(<'ab) g 'i da'icud vui g bo:l! Throw the ball to me! --Gm 'ant hu da'ic. I threw it away. --Gam g hu da'icud! Throw it away! --M(<'am) g hu da'icud hega'i tapial! Throw away that piece of paper! --M(<'am) g hu da'icud hega'i va:so. Throw away that can! --M(<'am) g hu da'icud hega'i mans:na! Throw away that apple! -- 'im hab o si da'icudk hab o cei after throwing it violently away (behind her or on her side), she will say

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da'icud/ da'im da'icud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-e:ncud) [Neutr: def 'e-da'ic]: to be thrown da'icuda N: single act of throwing (sg obj)
ex: 'U'uvhig mda'icuda heg'ab cum a'iva. The bird thrown by you (your throw) tries in vain to alight on it.

da'icudacud Vdtr sgo (for plo see e:ncudacud) [Neutr: def da'icudac; hort
da'icudacud]: to throw obj to somebody ex: B(<'ab) g hema 'i nda'icudacud! Throw me one! --B(<'ab) g 'i da'icudacud g bo:l! Throw me the ball!

da'icug Vintr sgs (for pls see e:e'icug) [Neutr: indef da'icug. Dur: da'icuga-d]: to
fly, travel by plane (to move in a flying obj) ex: N(<'an) 'o hi a(<va) da'icug. Here is a plane flying by (speaker does not know its destination). --'In 'a a(<va) da'icug. I flew right over here. --Nap shoho'id mapt o da'icugad? Do you like to fly (travel by plane)?

da'id s- Vdtr [Neutr: indef s-da'id]: to keep obj from, away from something
ex: Cum 'a shimim 'am 'u:pam k snda'id. I would like to go back home and he keeps me from it. --Heg 'o snda'id. He keeps me away from it. --(<'a) ab cum smda'id g kavh:. I am just trying to keep you away from coffee.

da'idc Vintr sgs (for pls see e'idc) [Neutr: def, hort da'idc. Correl: da'idc-k; immed:
da'idc-ka-'i. Interr: da'idc[i]-him]: to get, rise to the top very fast, to boil up (like milk, fermenting wine) ex: Vat o da'idc g navait. The wine is going to spill over. --'I da'idc. It spilled over. --M g ab 'i meadc 'am o 'i da'idc! Keep on running until you get to the top (of the hill)!--M g 'i da'idc kavulk da:m! Run to the top of the hill! --M g 'i da'idck 'u:pam 'ep o 'i me:! Run to the top (of the hill) and back! --Da'idchim 'o g vi:b. The milk is about to boil up.

da'idce Vintr sgs for pls see e'idce) [Neutr: indef da'idce. Dur: da'idcea-d]: to
get to the top very fast reiteratedly, to boil up and down (like milk, fermented wine) ex: 'I o da'idcead. It will keep on running to the top (and going down).

da'idcid Vtr sgs (for pls see e'idcid) [Neutr: def da'id. Correl: da'idcid-k; immed:
da'idcid-ka-'i]: to climb to the top of obj once ex:k 'am mek 'am 'i da'icidk hace: ma 'i a hihim hegam 'o:b. and having run there and climbed to the top of it (the hill) he discovered that the enemy was walking right by.

da'im s-V subst sgs: to feel like jumping

ex: Nap 'ab 'i cum sda'im? Do you feel like jumping?

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da'ivundam/ da'ivu[a] da'ivundam (assim of *da'ivandam) in da'ivundam-u:dag NComp(?) mass:

spring water (same as da'ivuim-u:dag)

da'ivundam in vu da'ivundam-u:dag[] Stat Expr: to be spring water

ex: 'Id 'o da'ivundam-u:dag. This is spring water.

da'ivu see Vintr da'ivu[a]= to dash out da'ivuid see Vintr da'ivu[a]= to dash out da'ivuim N subst: one that dashes out
da'ivuim-u:dag NComp(?) mass: spring water (same as da'ivundam-u:dag) ex: Heg 'a a(<va) 'i 'i:'e da'ivuim-u:dag. I drink only spring water. da'ivuim-u:dag vu Stat Expr: to be spring water ex: 'Id 'o da'ivuim-u:dag. This is spring water.

da'ivu see Vintr da'ivu[a]= to rush, dash out da'ivuag Vintr sgs or sing (for pls or mult see e'iopag) [Neutr: indef da'ivuag]: to
rush, dash out in a continuous way. ex: Da'ivu agc 'ab 'i 'ep vapkec 'am 'ep da'ivuag. He keeps dashing out of here and going in and dashing out again. -- u:dag 'am da'ivuag. The water comes out down there (there is one spring down there).

da'ivu[a] Vintr sgs (for pls see e'iopa) [Neutr: def da'ivu ; hort and indef
da'ivu/da'iva; imper da'ivui-. Correl: da'ivu-k; immed: da'ivu-ka-'i. Compl: da'ivu-ok; immed: da'ivu-oka-'i. Interr: da'ivu[i]-him. Dur: da'ivui-d]: to dash, rush out once ex: Tp ga hu haha da'ivu g hu'ulij. Then his grandmother (mother's mother) dashed out (of the house) across (toward him). --...'an aha(<haha) ab g 'u'uvhig da'ivu 'ana'i. -then the bird just dashed out (of its nest). -- heg 'am 'al 'i ha cum 'alo gevc; heg 'am 'al da'ivu . he almost got trapped in there; he had a narrow escape (he dashed out a little). --Gahi da'ivu g kavyu. The horse dashed out of one side (of the road) to the other side (of the road).--Da'ivani! Dash out! --'I da'ivu! Get up and dash out! --Da'ivuhim 'o. It/he is about to dash out. --Da'ivuk o me:! Dash out and run! --No 'om(<'am) heba'i ha da'ivu g u:dag? Does the water gush out some somewhere there (is there a spring there)? --u:dag 'ab da'ivu vaikat'amje. Water is gushing out of the ditch. --T ab o 'i da'ivuid g u:dag c hekid o 'i 'e'ai g sto. The water will be gushing out until the hot season (the heat has been reached).

da'ivu[a] in gahi da'ivu[a] VExpr: to lose its strength (for cactus wine)
ex: Gahi da'ivu g navait. The wine has lost its strength.

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da:/ da:[h]aidkam da:-

da: see Vintr sgs da'a= to fly da: see Vintr 'i da'a- = to jump da: see Vtr da:gi- = to rape obj da:d N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg da:da-j); pl: da:da'a/ da:da'ag]: mother's elder sister
(reciprocal term cu:cu or ma); godmother

da:da see Vtr da:dag= to fondle, to finger obj da:dad Vintr Distr [Neutr: indef da:dad]: to be sitting here and there singly or in small
groups or clusters ex: B(<'ab) 'o hi a(<va) 'al hehemako da:dad. There are a few on here and there (as of cotton or cactus fruits which are said to sit on the plants). -- ..g hemajkam matp 'an hi a(<va) 'i da:dad 'eki:k 'ana'i. ..the people who were at home (in their respective houses).

da:dad s- Vintr: to be sitting here and there singly or in small groups

ex: Gm hu ab 'i sda:dad. Over there lots of them are sitting here and there.

da:d[a]dag Vtr Repet (for Unit see da:dag) [Neutr: indef da:dag]: to put one's hand
on, to pat, finger obj repeatedly

da:dag (redupl of *da:g) Vtr Unit (for Repet see da:d[a]dag) [Neutr: def da:da; hort
and indef da:dag. Dur: da:daga-d]: to put one's hand on, finger, fondle obj ex: Pt o vesko da:da [ku]t o hemajmat. Pat him all over, he will calm down. -- Pi g 'an hu da:dagad. Don't be putting your hand on it. -- Pi g 'an hu hada:dagad. Don't be putting your hand on them. -- Pi g 'am hu da:dagad pt o bid. Don't be putting your hand on it, you'll get it dirty. -- Pt o vesko da:dagad cum hekid t o hemajmat. Be patting him constantly, it will make him gentle.

da:da'a, da:da'ag see N da:d= mother's elder sister; godmother da:dk see N da:k= nose, nostril(s) da:dk see Stat s-da:k= to be long-nosed da:[h]aidag see N dahidag= handle of...; bulb, single root of... da:[h]aidag see NExpr ha'icu dahidag= bulbous plants da:[h]aidag see Stat s-dahidag= to ride well, to sit well in the saddle da:[h]aidkam see N sdahidkam= a good rider, one who sits well in the saddle

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da:[h]aidkam/ da:kam da:[h]aidkam see Stat Expr vu s-dahidkam= to be a good rider da:[h]aidkam see N s-dahidkam= a good rider, one who sits well in the saddle da:[h]aidt (met of *da:ahidt) Vintr pls (for sgs see dahidt) [Neutr: def da:d[h]aidt.
Interr: da:d[h]aidta-him]: to become able to sit up by oneself

da:[h]aiva see N dahiva= kangaro mouse, ground squirrel da:[h]aivag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of kangaroo mice, ground squirrels in a
single location

da:g[h]iu see Vtr da:g[h]iun= to stroke obj da:g[h]iun (met of *da:gihun) Vtr [Neutr: def da:g[h]iu; hort da:g[h]iun]: to stroke obj
ex: 'I da:ghiun! Stroke me!

da:gi- Vtr [Neutr: def da:; hort da:g; imper sgs da:gi-]: to rape obj
ex: Nt o mda:. I am going to rape you. -- Himk da:g! Go and rape her!

da:g N: act of raping, rape da:k N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg da:ka-j, da:ka-) pl: da:k]: nose, nostril(s)
ex: 'an da:ka 'an: on his nose -- da:k 'at 'eku:kp. My nostrils are stuffed up (closed). -Hemakoji ku:p g nda:k. One of my nostrils is stuffed up (on one side my nose is closed)

da:k s- Stat sgs [pl: s-da:dk]: to be long-nosed

ex: Sda:k 'o. He is long-nosed.

da:k[a]dam (elis of *dahakadam) N subst sg [pl: da[h]akdam]: one that continually

stays at home, a good girl ex: da:kdam 'uv: a good girl -- dahakdam 'u'u'v: good girls

da:kam N subst: one with a nose

ex: ge'e da:kam= one with a big nose -- cev da:kam= one with a long nose Pi-ha-Da:kam NComp(?): a nickname (one without a nose)

da:kam (elis of *dahakam) N indiv [pl: da[h]akam]: resident (one living somewhere)
ex: Nt a(<va) heba'i da:kam ma:kai 'i cegto. I thought of the resident medicine man.

da:kam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu da[h]akam]: to be a resident (somewhere)

ex: 'Am 'a u da:kam Jevak 'am. I am a resident of Jevak (Upper Covered Wells).

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da:m/ Da:mda:m Postp [distr: da'adam]: on, on top of, above, over obj
ex: B(<'ab) g 'i da:'i vaika da:m. Jump over the ditch (towards me). -- gn hu gda:m do'ag= way on top of the mountain. --K 'ab o ho(< ha)dad 'emo:m da'adam. And (you pl will) put them (the birds) on top of your heads. -- 'Eda'adam 'apt o 'o(<'e)'egadad! You(sg) will wear several layers of clothes on top of each other! mi:sa-da:m-taim NComp [3rd pers sg mi:sa-da:m-taim=ga-j]: tablecloth tda:m-ka:cim NComp [loc: tda:m-ka:cim-c-'e, tda:m-ka:cim-t-'ab]: sky (us above spreading one; same as old word t-da:m-'a:jig) vo'iku da:m taim NExpr [3rd pers sg vo'ikua-j da:m taim]: bedspread

da:m Adv [distr: da'adam]: above, on top

ex: Da'adam 'apt o ho(< ha)vo:pod. You (sg) will lay them (boards) on top of each other! gi'ik[h]on da:m Adv Expr: four times in a row, four times more gok[h]on da:m Adv Expr: twice in a row, twice more hemhon da:m Adv Expr: once more, once again mu'ik[h]on da:m Adv Expr: many times in a row, over and over again vaik[h]on da:m Adv Expr: three times in a row, three times more 'am 'i da:m Adv Expr: later on

da:m-ceki- VComp reflex tr sgs [Neutr: def 'e-da:m-ce:; hort 'e-da:m-ce:k]: to

revenge oneself on, to get even with (same as 'e-'agva) ex: Nt o nda:m-ce: hega'i. I'll get even with him. -- 'E-g-da:m-ce:k! Get even with him!

da:m-jujjud Adv Comp: every noon, every day at noon time

ex: Da:m-jujjud 'ac 'ab tgegusid. Every noon we eat there.

da:m juk subst NExpr(?): noon, noontime

ex: 'E'a'ahim 'o g da:m juk. It is getting towards noontime. si'alim da:m juk Adv Expr: tomorrow at noon tako da:m juk Adv Expr: yesterday at noon

da:m-jundag NComp: noon, noon time

ex: Nt o a(<va) jiva da:m-jundag vui. I'll arrive towards noon.

da:m ju VExpr impers [Neutr: def da:m ju:. Interr: da:m ju[i]-him]: to get to be
noontime ex: Da:m 'at ju:. It is around noon (the sun has gotten to the point where it is straight above us). -- Tp 'ea da:m ju: g ta. It was then noontime. -- mat o da:m ju: g ta. when it is noontime. -- Da:m 'o juhim. It is around 11 a.m (the sun is on its way to reach the point where it is straight above).

Da:m-Ka:cim NComp [loc: da:m-ka:cim-c-'ea]: Heaven (above spreading one; same

as old word da:m-'a:jig)

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da:m-/ da:pk da:m-ka:cim-'o'odham NComp alien aggreg [3rd pers sg da:m-ka:cim'o'odham=ga-j]: angel(s) (Heaven people) ex: da:m-ka:cim-o'odhamgaj g Jio = the angel(s) of God

Da:m-'A:jig NComp: Heaven da:pam s- Adv: smoothly da:p[h]iun (met of *da:pihun) Vtr sgo (for plo see dadap[h]iun) [Neutr: def
da:p[h]iu; hort and indef da:p[h]iun. Correl: da:p[h]iun-k; immed: da:p[h]iun-ka-'i. Compl: da:p[h]iun-ok; immed: da:p[h]iun-oka-'i]: to smooth, iron, press obj (same as el[i]n) ex: Napt 'i da:phiu g kami? Have you pressed my shirt? -- Nt o 'i da:phiu g 'ipu. I am going to press my skirt. -- Nt o da:phiu g ki:. I'll smooth (the plaster on the walls of) my house.-- Da:phiun 'o. She usually irons it. -- Da:phiunoka'i! Press it first!

da:p[h]iunaku (met of *da:pihunaku) N indiv [pl: dadap[h]iunaku]: any

instrument with which to smooth something, such as a trowel ha'a-da:p[h]iunaku NComp inalien indiv [pl: ha'a-dadap[h]iunaku]: polishing instrument (usually a stone, used to finish the surface of a pot) huk-da:p[h]iunaku NComp inalien: plane (instrument with which to smooth a board) ki:-da:p[h]iunaku NComp inalien indiv: trowel (also called da:p[h]iunaku)

da:p[h]iunas (met of *da:pihunas) Stat sgs [pls: dadap[h]iunas]: to be pressed,

smoothed (same as el[i]nas) ex: Hek 'o hu da:phiunas. It is already pressed.

da:p[h]iu see Vdtr da:p[h]iuid= to smooth, press, iron obj for somebody da:p[h]iuid (met of *da:pihu:id) Vdtr sgo (for plo see dadap[h]iuid) [Neutr:
def da:p[h]iu; hort and indef da:p[h]iuid]: to smooth, press, iron obj for somebody (same as el[i]id) ex: M g 'i nda:phiuid! (Please) iron it for me!

da:pk N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg da:pk=ga-j]: Indian wheat da:pk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: s-da:pk. Dur: s-da:pka-d. Interr: s-da:pka-him); pls: s-dadpk]:
to be smooth, slippery, nude, bare ex: Sda:pk 'o g vo:g. The road is smooth.-- 'Idam huk 'o a 'i sdadpk. These boards are quite smooth. -- ..b 'ab 'i sda:pk hega'i do'ag. ..that mountain is too bare. -- Sda:pk g vakus, nt dapidva. I slipped on the slippery floor (the floor is slippery, I slipped).

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da:pka/ da:[a]cid da:pka Vintr sgs (for pls see dadpka) [Neutr: def da:pka. Interr: da:pka-him]: to
become smooth, bare ex: Da:pka 'at g maccu. My metate is worn out.-- Jevu 'o da:pkahim. The ground is getting smooth.

da:pkag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Indian wheat in one location. da:pkajid Vtr sgo (for plo see dadpkajid) [Neutr: def da:pkaj; hort da:pkajid]: to
smooth, bare obj

da:pkajid Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-da:pkaj]: to bare oneself, to get undressed da:pkam s- Adv: smo:thly
ex: sda:pkam o vakuskad hega'i hodai. (where) the rock is spreading smoothly.

da:s[]cid see Vdtr da:[a]cid= to have obj in a sitting position for somebody da: (contr of *daha ) Vtr Unit (for Repet see dada) sgo (for plo see dadp) [Neutr:
def dai; hort da:. Correl: da:-k; immed: da:-ka-'i. Compl: da:-ok; immed: da:-oka-'i]: to put obj in a sitting position (somewhere); to stamp a letter; to transplant a tree (set it in a hole) ex: Ba:pt dai g va:so? Where did you put the can? -- Ba:pt dai g lim:da-ha'a? Where did you put the bottle? -- Ba:pt dai g vakei? Where did you put my (bucket of) milk? -- Ba:nt o dai g ko:ba? Where shall I put my glass? -- Nt o 'u:pam dai g hodai 'ab pualt baic. I'll put the stone back against the door. -- Ga hu dai 'eveco. She put it (the kicking ball) under herself. -- 'am dai g hidoaku. he put the cooking pot there (on the fire). -- 'I 'ant o mdai. I'll sit you here. -- 'An g da: mi:sa da:m! (Please) put it on the table! -- c g 'evonom 'ab a ta'i da:k 'am ce 'ama'i heg'oidk. and having pushed (set) his hat further back he climbed along it.--B(<'ab) g da: g mo'o! Put a stamp on (it)!

da: Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-dadp) [Neutr: def 'e-dai]: to be put in a sitting
position ex: 'I 'at o hema 'edai g ve:m-ioku ki: 'e. I hear that a telephone set is going to be installed here in my house.

da:a N inalien: single act of putting something (sg) in a sitting position (somewhere) da:[a]cid/ da:s[]cid Vdtr sgo (for plo see dadcid) [Neutr: def, hort and indef
da:acid/da:s[]cid. Dur: da:cida-d/da:s[]cida-d]: to have obj in a sitting position (somewhere) for somebody ex: 'I 'apt ab o nda:acid! Just keep it here for me (as with a bottle in refrigerator)! -N(<'an) g nda:acid! (Could you please) keep it there for me!

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da:c/ doaj da:c semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see dadc) [Neutr: def and indef da:c. Dur: da:ci-d]: to
have obj in a sitting position (somewhere) ex: 'Evonom 'ab a ta'i da:c. He has his hat pulled on the back of his head (sitting somewhat backward). -- 'I 'ant ab o 'i da:cid. I'll just keep it here (in a sitting position). -- 'I 'ant o mda:cid. I'll keep you here (in a sitting position).

da:cug Vtr sgo (for plo see dadcug) [Neutr: indef da:cug. Dur: da:cuga-d]: to
carry obj in a sitting position (somewhere)

da:'i see Vintr da'a= to fly da:'i see Vintr 'i da'a= to jump

do-

doa N: acorn; oak (old word, not as common as viy:di) doa see Vintr doaj= to get well, better, to recover doa see Stat Vtr impers doaj= to make obj get well, recover doa s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-doa; def s-doa=k. Dur: s-doa=ka-d. Interr: s-doa=kahim); pls: s-doda]: to be healthy ex: 'alidag 'o sdoa. My child is healthy. --Pi 'i(<'a) doa. I am not healthy. -- Cum 'a sdoakahim. I used to be healthy. -- 'a'alidag 'o sdoda. My children are healthy.

doaj Vintr sgs (for pls see dodaj) [Neutr: def doa. Interr: doaj[i]-him]: to get well, to
recover ex: Doa 'ant. I am well (now). --Vat o a(<va) doa. He will get better. --Doajhim 'o. He is getting better. --Mant hekid o doajhid nt o 'i vu:. When I am getting better I'll get up (and go out). --Mant hekid o doajk o 'i vu:. After I have gotten well I'll get up .

doaj Vtr impers sgo [Neutr: def doa. Interr: doaj[i]-him]: to make obj get well, recover
ex: 'Am 'at ndoa. I got well (it made me recover). -- M 'u(<'o) a(<va) ndoajhim. It is getting me to feel better. --Mat hekid o ndoajhid nt o 'i vu:. When I am getting better I'll get up and go out.

doaj see vtr doaj[i]d= to cure, heal obj

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doaj[i]d/ doakam doaj[i]d Vtr sgo (for plo see dodaj[i]d) Unit (for Repet see doddajid) [Neutr: def
doaj; hort doajid]: to cure, heal, revive obj ex: 'A:pi 'apt o 'o(<'e)nako mapt o ndoaj. You will be able to cure me.

doajk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-doajk); pls: s-dodajk] to be wild, untamed, unbroken
(about a horse) ex: a 'i sdoajk 'i:da'a kavyu. This horse is quite wild.

doajkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-dodajkam]: wild, untamed, unbroken one (about a horse)
ex: 'Atk ce g sdoajkam kavyu. He rode a wild horse.

doak Adv sg [pl: dodak]: whole, in one piece

ex: Pt ab o doak hido! Just cook it whole (a chicken)! --M g ab hido dodak! (Why don't you) cook them whole (potatoes)!

doak s- Adv sg [pl: s-dodak]: alive

ex: Pi mua g 'uv k ab sdoak bei. He did not kill the girl but got her alive. --Sdodak ha'ui. He got them alive.

doak[a]dag N inalien: one's life (same as doakag)

ex: hemajkam hadoakdag: the life of the people

doakadma s- Vsubst intr sgs [pls: s-dodakadma]: to appear to be healthy, alive

ex: K 'am hab hi ab 'i sdoakadma. I thought he was healthy. --a 'a(<'o) va sdoakadma. He might still be alive.

doakag N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: doaka-j); pl (3rd pers pl: ha-dodakag)]: one's
life (same as doak[a]dag) ex: T o cevajk hega'i ndoakag. My life will be long.

doakam s- Adv sg [pl: s-dodakam]: of one with life

ex: Sdoakam 'o 'u:v. It smells of someone alive.

doakam N subst sg [pl: dodakam]: something whole, in one piece doakam N subst [pl: dodakam]: one with life, alive one
ex: mu:k c doakam= the dead one and the live one -- ko'i c dodakam: the dead and the living.

doakam vu Stat Expr sgs [pl: vu dodakam]: to be alive, with life

ex: Kupt pi u o a 'i doakamk 'i jivaka'i. You will not remain alive after getting here. -mat hekid hema ta u o a(<va) 'i doakamk. ..after someone has been alive for a long

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doakam/ dodakamtime. -- Pi voho o(<vu) 'o dodakam hegam. They are not really alive, those ones. --Tt heg 'ab pi o tnako mats 'u:pam u o dodakamk. Because of that we will not be able to be resurrected (to be alive again).

doakam in ha'icu doakam NExpr sing [mutl: ha'icu dodakam]: animals of a single
species ex: ..'am ha'uiv hegam ha'icu doakam. ..he farted at those animals. --M 'at o ho(< ha)hugio g ha'icu 'i doakam. He is going to exterminate a certain kind of animals (those that are edible). ha'icu doakam hagegusidaku NExpr: manger

doaku N inalien indiv [pl (3rd pers pl ha-dodaku)]: health doda see Stat s-doa= to be healthy doda see Vintr dodaj= to get well, to recover dodaj Vintr pls (for sgs see doaj) [Neutr: def doda. Interr: dodaj[i]-him]: to get well
ex: Vat o a(<va) doda. They will get well (recover). -- ..'am aha(<haha) cum doda 'u:pam hegam 'o'odham. ..then those people unexpectedly came back to life. -- ha'i ab kia doda c 'am hi a 'i oa. the few still barely alive cry (some are just still alive and they cry).

dodaj see Vtr dodaj[i]d= to cure, heal obj dodaj[i]d Vtr plo (for sgo see doaj[i]d) [Neutr: def dodaj; hort dodajid]: to cure obj
ex: Ttp hems ha'i vo tnakok o ho(< ha)dodaj. We might be able to cure some of them.

dodajk see Stat s-doajk= to be wild, untamed dodajkam see N s-doajkam= wild, untamed, unbroken one dodak see Adv doak= whole, in one piece dodak see Adv s-doak= alive dodakadma see V subst intr s-doakadma= to be expected (by speaker) to be alive dodakag see N doakag= life dodakam see N subst doakam= one with life, alive one dodakam see N subst doakam= something whole, in one piece dodakam see Adv s-doakam= of one with life dodakam see Stat Expr vu doakam= to be alive, one with life dodakam see NExpr ha'icu doakam= animal(s) dodakam-'asugal NComp alien aggreg [(reflex: 'e-dodakam-'a'asugal=ga); distr:
dodakam-'a'asugal]: sugar lump(s)

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dodakam-/ do'ag
ex: M g ha'i ulig g dodakam-'asugal vasib 'e! Put a few sugar lumps in my drink! -Hemako 'ont(< 'ant) 'am o vua g dodakam-'asugal. I'll put one sugar lump (in) there. --B(< 'ab) haha vo 'i ha'u:'u g 'edodakam-'a'asugalga! Each of you bring your own sugar lumps!

dodaku see N doaku= health doddajid Vtr Repet (for Unit sgo see doajid; plo see dodajid): to cure, revise obj dodolma s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-dodolma]: to be quiet, peaceful, calm
ex: Heg 'o sdodolma. He is quiet. --Hegam 'o sdodolma. They are quiet.

dodolmakam s- N subst: peaceful, quiet one dodolmakam vu s- Stat Expr: to be a peaceful, quiet, calm one
ex : Heg 'o sdodolmakam u 'o'odham. That fellow is a peaceful one.

dodolmakamcu s- N subst: peaceful one dodolmat Vintr [Neutr: def dodolmat. lnterr: dodolmata-him]: to become calm, quiet
ex:c 'am heba'i 'am 'i dodolmat hega'i do'ag. and after a while the mountain calmed down. --Dodolmatahim 'o g hevel. The wind is abating.

domig N: Sunday; week

ba'ic domig Adv Expr: next week g hema domig Adv Expr: last week g hu hema 'i domig /g hu 'i hema domig Adv Expr: two weeks ago ex: Hek 'at hu 'u(<'e)piast g hu 'i hema domig. There has already been a feast two weeks ago. gm hu ba'ic domig Adv Expr: in two weeks 'id domig 'ab Adv Expr: this week 'id domig 'e Adv Expr: this Sunday

domigc'e/domig 'e AdvComp/ Expr: on Sunday(s)

ex: Pi 'ic(<'ac) va:pamag domig 'e. We do not get up (early) on Sundays.

domig 'oidam Adv Expr: during this week do'ag (dial: du'ag) N indiv [sg (loc: do'ag-t-'ab); pl: do:da'ag]: mountain
ex: Do'ag 'an vava. There is one ridge (a mountain stretches). -- Do'ag 'an vavpa. The mountain forms several ridges. -- ..gani hu m'an g do'ag vava. ..way up there right on the ridge. -- An vag do'agt'aba'i. There is a hole in the mountain.

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do'ag/ do'ibi'odam do'ag in Giho-Do'ag NComp: name of a mountain behind Covered Wells (carrying
basket mountain)

do'ag vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu do:da'ag]: to be a mountain

ex: Heg ge'e vu do'agc 'im hu vava. It is a big mountain and it stretches there.

do'agag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-do:da'agag): to be full of mountains (in a
single location).

do'agga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu do:da'agga]: to be somebody's mountain do'agt'ab-ko:ji NComp indiv [pl: do'agt'ab kokoji]: peccary, wild pig do'i Adj: raw, unripe, unbaked
ex: do'i hu:= raw, unripe corn --do'i ha'a: unbaked olla

do'ibbi'ok Vtr Repet (for Unit see do'ibi'ok) [Neutr: def do'ibbi'ok] to save obj
repeatedly ex: Hado'ibbi'ok. He saves them each time.

do'ibbi'ok Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-do'ibi'ok) [Neutr: indef 'e-do'ibbi'ok]: to
escape repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'edo'ibbi'ok. He escapes every time.

do'ibiakam N inalien: one's savior (same as do'ibi'odag)

ex: tdo'ibiakam: our Savior

do'ibiakam vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's savior

ex: Jio 'o o(< vu) tdo'ibiakam. God is our Savior.

do'ibi'o see Vtr do'ibi'ok= to save obj do'ibi'o see Vreflex 'e-do'ibi'ok= to escape do'ibi'odaag N inalien: one's salvation
ex: ..mat o 'o(<'e)'ai g tdo'ibi'odaag ta. ..when the time (day) of our salvation arrive.

do'ibi'odag N inalien: one's savior (same as do'ibiakam)

ex: tdo'ibi'odag: our Savior

do'ibi'odam ha- N: lifeguard (one who continually saves people)

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do'ibi'odam/ do:[-] do'ibi'odam vu ha- Stat Expr: to be a lifeguard, one who saves people
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) hado'ibi'odam. He is the one who saves people.

do'ibi'ok Vtr Unit (for Repet see do'ibbi'ok) [Neutr: def do'ibi'o; hort and indef
do'ibi'ok. Dur: do'ibi'oka-d]: to save obj ex: Jio 'at o tdo'ibi'o. God will save us. -- Heg 'o ho(<ha)do'ibi'ok. He is the one who saves people (a lifeguard). --Vat o tdo'ibiokad. He (God) will continually save us.

do'ibi'ok Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-do'ibbi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-do'ibi'o. Interr: 'edo'ibi'oka-him]: to escape, to have a stroke of luck, to solve a problem ex: do'ibi'o 'ont(<'ant). I escaped/had a stroke of luck. --'Atp 'am keek 'ama'i matp 'am o 'o(<'e)do'ibi'o hegam. It (the church) stood there where they will be safe. -- Tp heg 'al 'i Ban hejel 'edo'ibi'o. Coyote himself barely escaped. -- 'Edo'ibi'okahim 'o. He is about to escape (to be safe).

do'icu N subst: raw one, unbaked one, unripe one do'idag N: hangover (rawness)
ex: Do'idag 'o 'oid. I have a hangover (the hangover is following me).

do'ig Stat: to be raw, unripe, unbaked

ex: Do'ig hega'i nala. That orange is not ripe. -- 'Ida'a ha'a 'o do'ig. This olla is not baked.

do'ig Stat: to have a hangover

ex: Do'ig 'a. I have a hangover. --Do'ig hega'i 'o'odham. That fellow has a hangover -Hegam 'o do'ig. They have a hangover.

do'ima s- Adv: raw-like, unripe-like, unbaked-like

ex: 'I:da'a ha'a sdo'ima ma:s. This pot looks like it is not baked enough.

do'iv s- Stat: to smell raw, wet and unpleasant (such as fish, the ocean, the wet fur of a
dog, geranium leaves) ex: Sdo'iv 'o g ka:ck. The ocean smells raw.

do:-

do:[-] Pr (interrogative): who? (see also hea'i)

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do:[-]/ do:da'agag
ex: Do: 'o hob(<hab) kaij? Who is saying something? --Do: vu hega'i? Who is that? -Do: vu 'ega 'i:da'a 'oidag? Who owns this field? --Do: vu ki: hega'i? Whose house is that? --Do: mcikpaid? Who works for you(sg)? --Do:p cikpaid? Who do you work for? --Do:p u? Who are you(sg)? --Do:p vemaj ki:? Whom do you live with? --Do:m u? Who are you(pl)? --Do:t na:to g hua? Who made the basket?

do: see do:vha'i do:d see Vtr do:m= to copulate with do:da see VExpr tr has do:da'a- = to treat obj in a certain way do:daim/do:da'am in pi has do:daim cu'ig Stat Expr impers tr: there is nothing
that can be done about/for obj (same as pi has juma cu'ig) ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu has a 'i ndo:daim cu'ig. There is nothing that can be done for me. --Pi 'im hu has a 'i hado:daim cu'ig. There is nothing that can be done for them.

do:da in pi 'ap has do:da VExpr tr: to mistreat obj reiteratedly

ex: Pi 'o 'ap has ndo:da . He mistreats me.

do:da'a in pi has do:da'a- VExpr tr [Neutr: def pi has do:da]: not to be able to do
anything about/for obj (same as pi has ju) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) has o a 'i mdo:da. There is nothing I can do for you. -- Pi 'ipt(<'apt) has o ho(<ha)do:da. There is nothing you can do for/about them.

do:da'a in pi has 'e-do:da'a- VExpr reflex [Neutr: def pi has 'e-do:da. Correl: pi
has 'e-do:da'a-k]: not to be able to do anything ex: Pi 'intp(<'antp) has o a 'i ndo:da'ak 'am hab o a nju:. Since there is nothing else I can do, I'll do it (there is nothing I can do about it except do it).

do:da'a in pi 'ap has do:da'a- VExpr tr [Neutr: def pi 'ap has do:da. Correl: pi 'ap
has do:da'a-k]: to mistreat obj (same as pi 'ap has ju) ex: Pi 'ap has ndo:da. He mistreated me. --Pi 'ipt(<'apt) 'ap has ndo:da. You have mistreated me. --Pi 'ap has do:da'ak gm hu hihi. They mistreated him and walked away.

do:da'a in o'ig has do:da'a- VExpr tr [Neutr: def o'ig has do:da]: to make obj
miserable (same as o'ig has ju) ex:c hemu hab masma mapt 'ida o'ig has ndo:da. and now in that way you have made me miserable.

do:da'ag see N do'ag= mountain do:da'agag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-do'agag): to be full of mountains in
several locations

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do:da'am/ gagcud do:da'am in pi has do:da'am-cu'ig Stat Expr impers tr: there is nothing that can
be done about/for obj (same as pi has juma-cu'ig)

do:dom see Vtr do:m: to copulate with obj do:m Vtr [Neutr: def do:d; hort do:dom; indef do:m. Dur: do:ma-d]: to copulate with
ex: Cioj 'at o do:d g 'uv. A man copulates with a woman.

do:vha'i Vsubst: to be enough, to be ready

ex: No do:vha'i? Is it enough/Is everything ready?

ga-

gagaiku see N ga'iku= roaster gagaks[i]him see Vintr gagakp-= to get dry, to dry up gagakp Vintr Distr (for Unit see gakp-; for Repet see gakap) [Neutr: def gagak.
Correl: gagak-k. Interr: gagakpa-him/gagaks[i]-him]: to get dry, to dry out here and there (such as plants, clothes) ex: Ha'i 'atk a(<va) gagakk ha'i ab kia svapag. A few pieces (of clothing) here and there have gotten dry and a few are still wet. -- An 'i gagakshi g haha:hag. Some of their leaves (of plants) here and there had started getting dry.

gagava (redupl of *gava) Vintr [Neutr: def, hort and indef gagava. Correl: gagavak; immed: gagava-ka'i. Interr: gagavu-him]: to take off (such as a runner or a horse taking off fast and making the dirt fly behind themselves) ex: ia k 'ab 'ep gagava. Well, and then he took off again. --'Ab gagavak me:. Having taken off, he ran. -- Gagavuhidc him. He is walking fast (he keeps making the dirt fly as he walks).

gagavuadi (Span: cacahuete) N aggreg: peanuts gagcud Vdtr mult (for sing see ga:cud) [Neutr: def gagc; hort gagcud]: to make bows
out of obj for somebody ex: Pt 'am hig a(<va) 'i vo 'ol(<'al) tgagc [ku]tt hekaj o mua. Please make us some kind of bows to kill it with.

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gaga/ gageid gaga Vtr Unit (for Distr see ga:gaa) [Neutr: def, hort and indef gaga. Dur: gagad. Interr: gaga-him]: to sell obj ex: Nt o gaga g noiga. I'll sell my horse. -- Va:ldi-u:dagim 'apt o gaga g pilka! Sell the wheat by the bucketful! -- Pi g 'am gaga g 'ema:gina! Don't sell your car! --Ves 'ahidag 'a gaga g ma:gina. I sell my car every year.

gaga Vreflex: to be sold

ex:vi:u 'am 'egaga. whiskey is sold there. -- Na:nko ma:s mamagina 'am 'egaga. Various kinds of vehicles are sold there.

gagadam in ha'icu gagadam NExpr aggreg: merchant (one whose job it is to

sell things) milo-gagadam NComp alien aggreg: melon merchant pa:n-gagadam NComp alien aggreg[1st pers pl t-pa:n-gagadam=ga]:breadvendor

gagame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see gagayop) [Neutr: def gagam; hort gagame]:
to go and sell obj, to go peddling obj ex: Nt o gagam ha'icu. I'll go peddling.

gagayop Vtr pls (for sgs see gagame) [Neutr: def gagayo]: to go and sell, to
peddle obj ex: Tt o gagayo ha'icu. We'll go peddling.

gage Vtr plo (for sgo see ga'a) [Neutr: def, hort and indef gage. Dur: gage-d. Interr:
gage-him]: to roast obj (such as several pieces of chicken, several chickens); to bake obj (several pots) ex: Cucul 'ant o gage. I'll roast pieces of a chicken.--Nt o ho(<ha)gage g cucul. I'll roast several chickens. --Nt o ho(<ha)gage g haha'a. I'll bake several pots. --Nt o ha'i hagage g hu:. I'll roast a few ears of corn.

gage Vtr Repet (for Unit see ga'a) sgo: to roast obj repeatedly
ex: Gage 'o g cu:kug. She roasts a piece of meat each time (she makes a roast each time).

gagei N inalien pl (for sg see ga'i) [Distr: gaggei]: pieces of something in the process of
being roasted ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'i'ov g gagei? Do my roasted pieces (of meat) taste good? cucul gagei NExpr inalien pl [cucul -gagei]: pieces of chicken being roasted hamon gagei NExpr inalien pl [hamon -gagei]: pieces of ham being roasted hu: gagei NExpr inalien pl [hu: -gagei]: ears of corn being roasted

gageid Vtr plo (for sgo see ga'id) [Neutr: indef gageid. Dur: gageida-d. Interr: gageidahim]: to roast obj (such as pieces of meat) for somebody

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gageid/ gagvos
ex: Pt o tgageidad g hu:. (You will) be roasting ears of corn for us.--ia c 'am hab haha 'i gageidahim. Well, and then he roasted pieces of it (the rabbit cut into pieces) for him.

gageim s- Vsubst tr plo (for sgo see s-ga'im): to wish to roast pieces of obj gaggaa Vtr Distr (for Unit see gaga) [Neutr: def, hort and indef gaggaa]: to sell
obj ex: Vo gaggaa g 'enonnovyuga. Each one of you will sell his castrated bulls.

gagkijid Vtr Distr (for Unit see gakijid) [Neutr: def gagkij; hort and indef gagkijid]:
to dry obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)gagkij. I'll dry them (such as strips of meat at various times or places)

gagkim Vintr pls (for sgs gakim) [Neutr: def gagkim. Interr: gagkim-him]: to
become skinny

gagkimculag/gagkimculig s-Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-gakimculag): to be

full of praying mantises in various locations

gagk see Adj s-gak= dried out, skinny gagk[] see Stat s-gak[]= to be dried out, skinny gagk[]cu see s-N subst s-gak[]cu= one that is dried out, skinny gags[h]o see N gas[h]o= a small fox gags[h]og s-Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-gas[h]og): to be full of small
foxes in various locations

gagsva Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see gasva) [Neutr: def, hort and indef gagsva]: to comb
the hair of obj

gagsviku see N gasviku= comb gagt see N ga:t= bow, gun, rifle gagt Vtr mult (for sing see ga:t) [Neutr: def and hort gagt]: to make bows out of obj
ex:heg o kegcudk o gagt. clean it in order to make bows with it.

gagtva in 'a'ai 'e-gagtva VExpr reflex: to fire shots at each other

ex: 'Atk o 'a'ai 'egagtva. They are going to fire shots at each other.

gagvos see N gavos= bow, gun

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gahi/ gakidaj gahi Adv sg [pl/distr: ga:ghai (met of *ga:gahi)]: sideways

ex: Gahi g him! Walk sideways! -- Gahi g vo:d! Lay him down on his side! --Ga:ghai mt o 'i havo:pod! Lay each one of them down on his side! --Gahi g 'i ia'i! Look to the side! --Ga:ghai g 'i ia'i! Look from the corner of your eyes! --Gahi 'i gei g milo. The melon shoots have started to droop. --k 'am hu heba'i tp 'im hab gahi gei g Ho'ok. and at one point she tumbled over to one side, the Whitch. --Scuckam stootam ga:ghai 'o'ohoag. It has horizontal black and white stripes.

gahi Postp [distr: ga:ghai (met of *ga:gahi)]: across, through obj

ex: Vaika gahi 'i da:. He jumped across the ditch.--Vo:g gahi him. He is walking across the road. --Vo:g gahi vo'o. He/it is Iying across the road.--Jejega 'o 'am ki: gahi. He is piercing a hole through the wall down there.--'An gahi 'ep o jega. Through it (the ring of the reed) she will pierce another hole. --B(<'ab) 'atk e'iopa gahi 'ep. They have crossed it again running (coming this way). --B(<'ab) g 'i ge: vaika gahi! Cross the ditch (coming this way)! --B(<'ab) g gahi 'i ge: 'etaaj! Cross it (coming this way) on foot!

gahi da[ha] Stat Expr sgs animate: to be sitting with both legs on one side of
something

gahi da[h]a Stat Expr sgs inanimate: to be tilted, to be sitting sideways

ex: a 'al 'i gahi daha. It's sitting slightly tilted (about an olla)

ga-hhim VComp intr pls (for sgs see ga-hm): to approach slowly
ex: Tp 'ea ga-hhim. They were approaching (coming from an unknown place)

ga-hm VComp intr sgs (for pls see ga-hhim) [Neutr: indef ga-hm]: to approach
slowly ex: Kutp 'eda ga-hm g hava. The crow was approaching (coming from an unknown place).

gai see Vtr ga'a= to roast obj, to bake obj gakidag in ha'icu gakidag NExpr: dried fruit, dried out plant
hanam[i]-gakidag NComp: dried out cholla cactus ku'agi-gakidag NComp: dried out firewood ex:ge ku'ag-gakidag mo:tc. he (a deer) has something like dried out wood on his head. vaai-gakidag maad NExpr: September (dried out moon)

gakidaj N alien mass: dry saguaro fruit formed into a cake (also called ju)

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gakijid/ gakok gakijid Vtr Unit (for Distr see gagkijid) [Neutr: def gakij; hort and indef gakijid.
Correl: gakijid-k. Dur: gakijida-d]: to dry obj ex: Nant o ho(<ha)gakij? Shall I dry them? --Sgakima g hagakijid! Dry them completely dry! --gakijidk cu'adc ku'a. having dried it (the meat) he keeps grinding it and eats it.

gakim Vintr sgs (for pls see gagkim) [Neutr: def gakim. Interr: gakim-him]: to
become skinny ex: Noiga gakim 'at. My horse has gotten skinny. --'al 'i gakim. he/she has gotten somewhat skinny. --Gakimhim 'apk. You're getting skinny (evidential).

gakima s- Adv: dry

ex: Si g sgakima daghiun! Wipe it completely dry! --Si g sgakima hadadagkon! Wipe them completely dry!--Sgakima g hagakijid! Dry them completely dry!

gakimcud Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def gakimc. Interr: gakimcuda-him]: to make obj get
skinny ex: gakimcudahim ['o]. It is making me get skinny.

gakimcul N aggreg: praying mantis gakimculag/gakimculig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-gagkimculag): to be
full of pray ing mantises in one location

gak s- Adj sg [pl: s-gagk]: dried out, skinny gak[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-gak; concurs s-gak-c; def s-gak=k. Dur: s-gak=ka-d.
Interr: s-gak=ka-him); pls: s-gagk[]]: to be dried out, skinny ex: Ciij ab hab 'i sgak. Her mouth was completely dried out (parched).--a 'al 'i sgak. He/She is pretty skinny.--'I:da'a 'o'odham 'o pi 'am hu 'i si sgak. This fellow is not very skinny.--'I:da'a ku'ag 'o sgakc s'ap meihim. This wood being dry is burning well. --Heg 'am o bei mat o sgakkad. Down there, you will take the (one that will be) skinny one. sgak-cecemait NComp aggreg: crackers

gak[]cu s- N subst sg [pl: s-gagk[]cu]: one who is dried out, skinny gako Adv sg [pl: ga'agko]: crookedly (see also gakol) gakok Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef gakok); pls: ga'agkok]: to be crooked, curved, warped (see also gakolk)
ex: Gakok 'o g huk. The board is warped.

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gakok/ gakp gakok s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ga'agkok]: to be very crooked, bent, warped
ex: Vo:g 'o sgakok. The road is very crooked.

Gakok N subst: name of the Superstition Mountains near Phoenix gakoka Vintr sgs: to become crooked, bent, warped (see also gakolka) gakokad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort gakokad]: to bend, warp obj (see also gakolkad) gakokajid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def gakokaj; hort gakokajid]: to bend obj for somebody
(see also gakolkajid)

gakol Adv sg [pl: ga'agkol]: crookedly (see also gako) gakolk s-Stat sgs: to be very crooked (see also gakok) Gakolk in Cema-Gakolk NComp (?): name of a village between Tucson and
Nogales

gakolkad Vtr: to bend,warp, obj (see also gakokad) gakolkajid Vdtr sgo: to bend obj for somebody (see also gakokajid) gaks[i]him see Vintr gap-= to get dry, to dry out gak see Vintr gakp-= to get dry, to dry out gakk, gakka'i see Vintr gakp-= to get dry, to dry out gakp Vintr Unit (for Repet see gakap; for Distr see gagakp-) [Neutr: def gak.
Correl: gak-k; immed: gak-ka-'i. Interr: gaks[i]-him /gakpa-him/ gakp[i]-him]: to get dry, to dry out (such as plants, clothes on a line) ex: Gak 'atk g gakidaj. The saguaro fruits are dry (have gotten dry).--Gak 'atk g noiaka. The wood that I cut is dry. --Gak g 'ega. The clothes (on a line or on bushes) are dry.--Gak g havihogdag k 'egava g mu:. The pods have gotten dry and the beans spilled out. --mat hekid 'ab o 'i gak hega'i ha:hagaj. when its leaves (of tobacco plants) have dried out. --Hu: 'o gakpahim. The corn is drying out (as because of lack of water). --Gakpahim g ha'icu m'e'es. Your plants are drying out.--Pi 'ipt(<'apt) kia vapga g 'e'e'es k ab gakpahim. You have not watered your plants yet, and they are drying out.--Gakshim 'o g bahidaj. The saguaro fruits are getting dry (on the plants). -- k ha'i 'ab 'i gaksihi g bahidaj. and some of the saguaro fruits up there (on top of the saguaro) were getting dry.

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gakpid/ Gantagakpid Vtr [Neutr: def gakp; hort gakpid]: to let obj get dry
ex: Nt o gakp g hu:ga. I'll let my corn get dry.--Pi g 'am gakpid! Don't let it get dry!

gakp see Vtr gakpid= to let obj get dry gakap Vintr Repet (for Unit see gakp-) [Neutr: indef gakap]: to get dry, to dry
out repeatedly (as of a plant or clothes on a line) ex: ha'icu cum eeak ab memhe, b gakap. although they try to sow things, they just burn, they just dry out each time. --No sho:tam gakap g 'ega? Do clothes dry out fast (if you put them out on a line)?

ga-m VComp intr sgs (for pls see ga-v:po'o) [Neutr: indef ga-m. Dur: ga-mad]: to approach (running) ex: Tp 'ea ga-m. He was approaching (coming from an unknown place). --Tp 'ea gamadc 'ab 'i kekiva. As he was approaching fast, he stopped short.

ganta Vtr: to scatter, sow obj (same as gantan)

ex: T o ganta g cikpanaku. He is going to scatter the tools around.--Mant ganta g pilkaga. I have already sowed my wheat.

gantaa Vtr [Neutr: indef gantaa]: to scatter obj around, to sow obj again and again
ex: P hekid 'i gantaa g 'epilkaga? When do you sow your wheat?

gantan Vtr [Neutr: def ganta; hort and indef gantan. Dur: gantana-d]: to scatter obj, to
sow obj (same as ganta) ex: Pi g 'am gantan g cikpanaku! Don't scatter the tools! --Pi g 'am gantanad g cikpanaku! Don't be scattering the tools! --P hekid 'i gantan g 'epilkaga? When do you usually sow your wheat? --'Oi g gantan g 'epilkaga! Go ahead, sow your wheat!

gantana Stat (?): to be scattered all over (same as s-ganta?)

ex: Hegam kakaho 'o 'om (<'am) gantana. The cardboard boxes are scattered all over there.

ganta s- Adj: scattered all over the place ganta s- Stat: to be scattered all over the place (same as gantana?)
ex: gm hu 'i sganta g cikpanaku. The tools are (hearsay) scattered all over the place, over there.

Ganta-Civokam NComp(?): a nickname (scattered beard, because the fellow has

only a few hairs on his chin)

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gava/ gatvi gava Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef gava. Dur: gava-d]: to sow, scatter (seeds)
ex: Gm hu 'a'ai gava g kaij. He scattered the saguaro seeds in all directions over there. - kupt heg'ea 'an o gava!...and in it (the ocean) you will scatter them (the saguaro seeds). --Gam g hu gava! Scatter them (the seeds) away! --Pi g 'am gavad! Don't be scattering them (the seeds)!

gava Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-gava]: to scatter oneselves, to be scattered (for seeds)
ex: Gak g havihogdag k 'egava g mu:. The pods (their pods) have dried up and the beans scattered away (popped out of their pods spilling themselves on the ground). -'Egava g ha'icu kai. The seeds scattered away. --Hek hu 'u<'e)gava. They (the seeds) have already been sowed.

gavid Vdtr [Neutr: def gavi; hort gavid]: to strew obj (seeds) for somebody
ex: M g ha'i hagavid g cucul! Strew some seeds to the chickens!

gas[h]o N indiv [pl: gags[h]o]: a small fox gas[h]og s-Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-gags[h]og): to be full of foxes in one
location

gasva Vtr Unit (for Repet see gasvup) sgo (for plo see gagsva) [Neutr: def, hort and
indef gasva; imper sgs gasva-. Dur: gasva-d] to comb the hair of obj ex: gasva! Comb my hair! - 'I:da'a 'uv 'ok gasva hema. This woman is combing (evidential) someone's hair. --Pi g 'am gasvad! Don't be combing my hair continually!

gasva Vreflex Unit sgs [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-gasva]: to comb one's hair
ex: Nt o gasva. I am going to comb my hair. --gasva 'a. I am combing my hair. --Pi hekid 'egasva. She never combs her hair.

gasviku N inalien indiv [pl: gagsviku]: old fashioned brush comb, comb gasvup (assim of *gasvap) Vtr Repet (for Unit see gasva) sgo [Neutr: indef gasvup]: to
comb the hair of obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'i gasvup. She is the one who combs my hair.

gatva Vintr Unit sing [Neutr: def and hort gatva; imper sgs gatva-]: to fire a shot, to
shoot an arrow ex: Gatva 'atk. He fired( evidential) a shot. --Gatva! Fire a shot!

gatvi see Vtr gatvid= to fire a shot at obj gatvi see Vreflex 'e-gatvid= to fire a shot at oneself

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gatvid/ gavulkad gatvid Vtr [Neutr: def gatvi; hort gatvid]: to shoot at and hit obj with bow/arrow/gun
ex: Cum gatvidc pi gatvi. He missed it (trying in vain to hit it with arrow or bullet, he did not hit it). --Nt o mgatvi. I'll fire a shot at you. --Nt o ho(<ha)gatvi. I'll fire a short at them. -- gatvi 'amt. Someone fired a shot at me (I was shot at).

gatvid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-gatvi]: to fire a shot at oneself, to shoot oneself
ex: Nt o hejel gatvi. I'll shoot myself.

gatvidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def gatvidac; hort gatvidacud]: to fire a shot, shoot an arrow at
obj for somebody ex: Nt o hema mgatvidac g cu:v. I'll shoot a rabbit for you.

gatvidacud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-gatvidac]: to get shot at (with a gun or a bow) by
somebody, to get wounded (by a bullet or an arrow) ex: 'Egatvidac 'at. He was shot at (wounded). --'U'uvhig 'at 'egatvidac. The bird got wounded.

gavos N inalien indiv [pl: gagvos]: bow, gun (same as ga:t) ga-v:po'o VComp intr pls (for sgs see ga-m) [Neutr: indef ga-v:po'o. Dur: gav:po-d]: to approach slowly (running) ex: Tp 'ea ga-vo:podc 'ab 'i gegokiva. As they were approaching (coming from an unknown place) they stopped short.

gavu Adv [distr: ga'agvu]: in a group

ex: Gavu o hihi! Walk together in one group! --Ga'agvu o hihimad! Be walking in separate groups!

gavul Adv: differently

ex: Si 'o gavul ma:s. It is of a different color. -- Gavul kaidag. It has a different sound. -- Tp hems gavul kaidam hab o cei 'i 'a:ni'i. He might say something different from me. --..'am gavul kaidam hab o 'a: 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. ..(he) will tell this story differently.

gavulk Stat sgs [Neutr: indef gavulk]: to be different, separate gavulka Vintr event sgs: to become different gavulkad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort gavulkad]: to divide, classify, separate obj (see also
gavulkaid) ex: M 'ant o 'i hagavulkad. I'll separate (classify) them. --M g 'i hagavulkad! Separate (classify) them! --T o a(<va) gavulkad. He is going to separate it (a calf from its mother).

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gavulkaid/ ga'im gavulkaid Vtr [Neutr: def gavulkai; hort gavulkaid]: to divide, classify, separate (see
also gavulkad)

gavul ma:s 'o'odham NExpr: race (people looking different) ga'a Vtr Unit (for Repet see gage) sgo (for plo see gage) [Neutr: def gai; indef ga'a; hort
ga:-'i; impers sgs ga'i-, pls ga'i-vo. Correl: ga'a-k; immed: ga'a-ka-'i. Dur: ga'a-d. Interr: ga'i-him]: to roast obj (one piece of chicken/whole chicken), to bake obj (one pot) ex: Cucul 'ant o gai. I'll roast a chicken. --Nt o gai g ha'a. I'll bake a pot --M g ga:'i! Could you roast it! --Ga'i g cu:kug! Roast a piece of meat! --Ga'ihim 'a g cucul. I am roasting a chicken. --Ga'a 'a. I am roasting it (I am making a roast). --M g ab 'i ga'ad! Keep on roasting it (the chicken, until it is done)! --'am ab ga'ak ko'ihim ...having roasted it she eats it.

ga'agko see Adv gako= crookedly ga'agkok see Adj gakok= crooked ga'agkok see Stat gakok= to be crooked, curved, warped ga'agkol see Adv gakol= crookedly Ga'agkol-Cecemaitam NComp(?): a nickname (one who makes crooked tortillas) ga'agvu see Adv gavu= together in one group ga'ajid Adv: from somewhere ga'i N inalien sg (for pl see gagei) [3rd pers sg ga'i-j]: roast (one piece of meat roasted)
cucul-ga'i NComp inalien sg: roast chicken ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'i'ov g ncucul-ga'i? Does my roast chicken taste good? hamon-ga'i NComp inalien sg: roasted ham

ga'id Vdtr sgo (for plo see gageid) [Neutr: def ga'i; hort ga'id]: to roast obj for
somebody ex: Pt o ga'i 'i:da'a cucul! You will roast this chicken for me --Nt 'am o a(<va) ha mga'i. I'll roast some of it for you. --M g ha ga'id! Roast some of it for me!

ga'iku N indiv [pl: gagaiku]: roaster (instrument or place to make a roast) ga'im s- V subst tr sgo (for plo see s-gageim): to wish to roast obj (such as one piece
of meat, one whole chicken) ex: Cum hekid 'a ab hanolot g hacu:dagta ma hekid 'i sga'im g cu:kug. I buy coals every time I wish to roast a piece of meat.

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ga'is/ ga:g ga'is Stat sgs: to be roasted

ex: Skeg ga'is 'i:da'a cucul. This chicken is well roasted.

ga'ivsa (dial: ga'isa) N aggreg: corn kernels roasted on coals ga'ivsa-hido NComp mass: corn stew (corn kernels are first roasted on coals, then
they are cracked and cooked in water)

ga'ivsa-pool NComp mass: corn mush (corn kernels are cooked whole with beans) ga'ivsat Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ga'ivsat]: to roast (corn kernels) on coals

ga:-

ga: see Vtr ga:g: to look for, hunt for obj ga:cud Vdtr sing (for mult see gagcud) [Neutr: def ga:c; hort ga:cud]: to make a bow
out of obj for somebody

ga:g Vtr [Neutr: def ga:; indef ga:g; hort ga:g; imper sgs ga:gi-, pls ga:gi-o. Correl:
ga:g-k; immed: ga:gka-'i. Compl: ga:gi-ok; immed ga:gio-ka-'i. Dur: ga:ga-d. Interr: ga:g[i]-him.]: to look for, hunt for obj ex: M(<'am) g 'i ga:g. Look for it/him. --Himk ga:g g cikpan! Go and look for a job! --Nap g cikpan ga:ghim?Are you looking around for a job? --A cum ga:gihim. I have been looking for it in vain. --Am cum ga:gihim g hu u:dagc'ea, pi a pi bei. He looked for it in vain underneath the water, he did not find it. --ga:gihim hega'i 'ailo c 'am 'i bei. he looked for that ring until he found it. --'Am 'a cum ga:gihimc pi 'eag. I looked for it without finding it. --M g 'i ga:ghimk ce:g! Look for it until you have found it!-- kunt 'am haha vo 'i ga:ghimk haha vo mua haha va'a. ..then I will look for him and I will kill him.-- ..mant 'am 'ep hi vo 'i ga:ghi g cikpan. ..that it's my turn to start looking for a job. --Pt ab o 'i ga:ghid g cikpan! Keep on looking for a job! --Nt o ga: g cikpan. I'll look for a job.-- M(<'am) 'a ga:g g ncikpanaku. I am looking for my tools. --Nt o ga:gad g cikpan. I'll be looking for a job continually. -- M g ab 'i ga:gad vesko 'am ki:c'e. Keep on looking for it all over the house! --M 'apt ab o 'i ga:gad g cikpan! Keep on looking for a job continually --Kunt 'an o ga:gad g 'a:'ac mo'o 'an. I'll be looking for lice on his/her head. --M g 'i ga:gk ce:g! Look for it until you find it! -- ..mant haha vo 'i ga:gk o mua. ..that I will look for him and will kill him. -- ..k 'am 'i cum ga:gk pi heba'i 'eag. ..and although they looked for her they did not find her.

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ga:gag/ ga:g ga:gag see N ga:g= quest ga:ghai see Adv gahi= sideways ga:gid Vtr [Neutr: indef ga:gid. Correl: ga:gid-k; immed: ga:gid-ka-'i]: to look for obj
for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) 'i mga:gidk. I'll look for it for you (for a short while).

ga:gid Vreflex tr [Neutr: def 'e-ga:g; hort and indef 'e-ga:gid. Interr: 'e-ga:gida-him.
Dur: 'e-ga:gida-d]: to look for obj (food) for oneself ex: Tt o 'oi hihimk o tga:g g cu:kug. Let's go right away and look for meat for ourselves. --Ms heba'i ki:kc'amje 'in ha'icu 'ega:gid. I wonder where you live and how it is that you came from there looking for food for yourselves around here. --Tt o 'oi hihimk o tga:gidahim cu:kug! Let's go right away and look (be looking) for meat for ourselves!

ga:gime Vtr Unit (for Repet see ga:gimme) sgs (for pls see ga:giop) [Neutr: def
ga:gim; hort ga:gime]: to go and look for obj ex: Nt o ga:gim g cikpan. I'll go and look for a job. --Nt o ho(<ha)ga:gim g kakavyu. I'll go and look for my horses. --Ga:gimea! Go and look for it! --Cum ga:gimek pi a 'i ce:. Although he went and looked for him he did not find him.

ga:gimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see ga:gime) sgs [Neutr: indef ga:gimme]: to go
and look for obj repeatedly ex:c ta 'e ga:gimme g skeg jevu mat 'am o 'ei ha'icu. and during the day he repeatedly goes and looks for good soil in which to plant something.

ga:giop Vtr pls (for sgs see ga:gime) [Neutr: def ga:gio; indef ga:giop)]: to go and
look for obj ex: Tt o ga:gio g cikpan. We'll go and look for a job. --mat o ga:gio g cu:kug. (they decided) that they would go and look for meat.

ga:g see Vtr ga:g= to look for obj ga:g see Vdtr ga:gid= to look for obj for somebody ga:g see Vreflex tr 'e-ga:gid= to look for obj for oneself ga:g N inalien aggreg [distr: ga:gag]: quest, object of one's search (what one is
looking for) ex: Matp o i hi: 'i a vui, nt o smai mantk 'am o ce: g ga:g. If it comes toward me I will know that I will find what I am looking for. --Vo ha'i hace: g 'ega:g. You will find some of the things you are looking for. -- 'Ab o ce: g 'ega:gag. Each one of you will find what he is looking for.

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ga:t/ gegedajid ga:t N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ga:ta-j); pl: gagt]: bow, gun, rifle
ex: 'ab haha hacu:ci'a g 'ega:t. Then (hearsay) he stood his hunting equipment (bow and arrows) against it. 'u:s-ga:t NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -'u:s-ga:t=ga); pl: 'u'us-gagt]: bow

ga:t Stat sing: to have a bow, a rifle

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha ga:t. I don't have a bow (rifle).

ga:t Vtr sing (for mult see gagt) [Neutr: def and hort ga:t]: to make a bow out of obj ga:t-koag NComp: gun case ga:'i see Vtr ga'a= to roast obj, to bake obj

ge-

ge Part: in a question: any, a; in a statement: is used to refer to something unexpected or

uncommon or unnatural or abnormal ex: Nap ge vu:loga? Do you have a donkey? --Nap ge cuculga? Do you have chickens -No 'ob(<'ab) ge voptonag g msa:go? Does your blouse have buttons? --No 'om(<'am) ge vo'og? Is there a charco down there? ---K has ma:s g hu:? No ge ce'ecevaj? What does corn look like? Is it tall? --Ge 'o ma. Unexpectedly she has a child (it's unexpected because she is so young) -- Ge 'ema'mai 'am 'i sje:jenamk Unexpectedly each one of them would cover himself (with his blanket) whenever they wanted to smoke --B(<'ab) 'ap ab ge sma:s. You are still visible (when you should not be there at all). --B(<hab) ge ma:s mo o (<vu) ab hohodai. They look like mere stones (birds which have been turned into stones) -- 'am ge 'al ha cu:c 'emo'o da:m. (a quail) has things sticking out a little on top of its head -- mo ge skavk 'am 'e'o: 'an. (a desert turtle) has something hard on its back. -- c ge mu'i kakhio. and it (the centipede) has lots of legs. -- ge dadedc himadc. (a frog) moves by jumps. --Nt o huha g ka:ga t oia ge ju:. I was going to haul in my sorghum but it rained (unexpectedly). -- Mas 'i hu ha'i hihimk ge vu:lo oigakc? (Do you know whether) some people have come here on donkey back (they should have been on horseback)? -- Pi 'iptk (<'aptk) vinma ku: g toobaku k 'an ge 'o:t. You did not close the faucet tightly and it drips.

gegedajid Vtr Repet (for Unit see ge'edajid) sgo (for plo see mu'muidajid)
[Neutr: indef gegedajid]: to accumulate obj repeatedly ex: ..'am 'i gegedajid g 'ecu'i. ..he keeps accumulating his ground meat.

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gegevho/ gegok gegevho see N gevho= bobcat gegevhog s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-geggevhog): to be full of bobcats in a
single location ex: Sgegevhog 'ab do'agt'ab. There are many bobcats in the mountain.

gegevku see N gevku= whip gegevp Vtr Distr (for Unit see gevp) [Neutr: def gegev : hort gegevp[] ]: to trap,
catch obj (under piles, layers of something) ex: Gegev 'ant g nanhagio. I trapped mice (by putting something on top of each one of them). --N(<'an) g hagegevp! Trap them (by putting something on top of each one of them)!

geggev Vtr Repet (for Unit see gev) [Neutr: indef geggev. Dur: geggevad]: to hit obj
repeatedly; to pluck obj (a musical instrument such as a guitar, a drum) repeatedly; to beat obj at a game repeatedly ex: 'Am 'a geggev g baviga 'alhainc'e. I beat my beans on the threshing floor. -- ..'am 'ep si geggev. ..again he hits him hard repeatedly. -- ..'im o geggevad mo'o 'ama'i!. ..keep on hitting him repeatedly on the back of the (his) head!

geggevhog s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-gegevhog): to be full of bobcats in
various locations

geggok Stat Distr (for Unit see gegok) pls [Neutr: indef geggok]: to stand, be in a
standing position in various locations ex: Hehemaip geggok. They (people) are standing in several groups.

geggok[i]him Vintr Interr pls (for sgs see kekk[i]him): to go in a certain direction,
stopping for a while, walking for a while

geg[h]io N inalien indiv [pl: gegeg[h]io]: shoulder (a Pima word, same as 'O'odham
kotva)

gegok (redupl of *gihok) Unit (for Distr see geggok) pls (for sgs see ke:k) [Neutr:
indef gegok. Dur: gegoka-d. Interr: gegoka-him]: to stand, to be in a standing position (for animate referents and inanimate referents when there are only a few of them; for inanimate referents see cu:c) ex: Hegam so cum hekid 'i gegok 'i:ya'a. Those (fellows) are always standing here. -Hemaip gegok. They (people) are standing in one group. --Mo'omcku 'o 'ob(<'ab) gegok ki: ba:o. There are a few (two or three) pillows standing against the wall. --'A:cim 'att 'i hi vo va 'i gegokad! As far as we are concerned, we'll stay here (standing).

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gegokcug/ gegus gegokcug Vintr pls (for sgs see ke:kcug) [Neutr; indef gegokcug]: to be moving in a
standing position (as when riding on a bus or truck) ex: 'E'o'oidc gegokcug. They are standing (on a moving object) one behind the other.

gegokim s- Mod: strongly built (the referent is in a standing position)

ex: Sgegokim ma:s g daiku. The chair looks strong. --Heg 'o sgegokim u 'o'odham. He is a strongly built fellow.

gegok[i]him Vintr Interr pls (for sgs see ke:k[i]him): to walk in slow steps gegokiva Vintr Unit (for Repet see gegokivup) pls (for sgs see kekiva) [Neutr: def,
hort and indef gegokiva; imper gegokiv[a]-yo. Correl: gegokiva-k; immed: gegokiva-ka'i]: to stand up; to stop, come to a stop ex: Ga 'att hu hab hig ha'ap o gegokiva! Let's stand up over there on the side! -- 'I g o vui gegokiva! Stand up facing him! --'At 'ab o 'evui gegokiva hegam oobi. The dolls will stop (hearsay) facing each other. --Gegokivyo! Stop (stand up)!

gegokivup (assim of *gegokivap) Vintr Repet (for Unit see gegokiva) pls (for sgs see kekivup) [Neutr: indef gegokivup]: to stand up, to stop, come to a stop repeatedly
ex: Gegokivupc dahaivupc tootonvup. They keep standing up and sitting down and kneeling down (people in church).

gegsihim in hejel gegs[i]him VExpr Interr: sgs (for pls see hejel uhullig[i]him): to live all alone (to go to bed alone)
ex: 'A:i 'a hejel 'an gegshim. I live all alone. -- Cum hekid hejel 'an o o'ig gegshid. (You) will always remain unhappily alone.

gega Vintr Repet (for Unit see ge:) sgs (for pls see uhullig) [Neutr: indef gega.
Dur: gega-d]: to fall repeatedly ex: '1 'o 'i gega. He falls down repeatedly. --'Okst 'at k 'i gega. She has gotten old and (as a consequence) she falls down repeatedly.

gega in bihugig gega VExpr Repet: starvation strikes (falls) repeatedly. gega Vintr Distr (for Unit see ge:) [Neutr: def and indef gega]: to fall in various
places (such as the rain, dew) ex: T o gega g sva'ubag. Dew will fall here and there.

gegus see Vtr gegusid= to feed obj (regular meals) gegus see Vreflex 'e-gegusid= to eat one's meal

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gegusid/ gepiga gegusid (dial: gegosid) Vtr [Neutr: def gegus; hort and indef gegusid. Dur: gegusida-d]:
to feed obj regular meals ex: Cikp 'ant k hekaj o gegus g hu'ul. I worked in order to feed my grandmother.

gegusid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-gegus; hort and indef 'e-gegusid. Correl: 'e-gegusid-k;
immed: 'e-gegusid-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-gegusid-ok; immed 'e-gegusid-oka-'i. Dur: 'egegusida-d. Interr: 'e-gegusida-him.]: to eat one's meal ex: Koi 'ant gegus. I have not had my meal yet. --Miak g o 'o(<'e)gegusid! Come close and eat your meals! --Pi g 'am a 'i 'egegusid 'ab haki: 'aba'i! Don't eat your meals at their house! --'Am 'a ha'icu 'al hacikpaidc heghekaj gegusidc me:na hab a(<va) hi a'a(< va'a). I did odd jobs for people in order to feed myself while I was waiting for you. --Kut g 'u'uvhig hekaj o 'egegusidad. The birds will feed on it (saguaro fruit). -- ia k 'am hab 'i 'i<'e)gegusidahimk Well, and after eating his meal -- Begi 'am 'egegusidok haha vo'iva. Well, he had his meal and then he went to bed --Nt o 'ip gegusidoka'i. Let me have my meal first (before doing anything else). --Mumku 'ut(<'at) 'am 'egegusidk. He got sick from what he ate.

gegusidaku N inalien: place where, instrument with which one eats one's meals
ha'icu doakam hagegusidaku NExpr: manger (place where or instrument with which animals eat their food)

gegusig N inalien: one's meal, staple food

ex: 'At 'am hab ju: g ge'e gegusig 'ama'i. They had a big meal there. --'Ab 'a a(<va) smu'ij hega'i 'emgegusig. Up there, there is (hearsay) a lot of your staple food.

gegusig in vu ha'icu gegusig Stat Expr: to be a staple food

ex:c 'ea u skeg 'atp hu 'i ha'icu o gegusigk. and it might have made (been) a good staple food.

gei see Vintr ge:= to fall ge-k:ck NComp [loc: ge-k:ck-c-'e]: sea, ocean (same as ge-:dag) Gel 'Oid[ag] NExpr: name of a village, Big Field (Gel is said to be an old word)
ex: Gel 'Oid 'am 'o o(<vu) ki:kam. I am a resident of Big Field

gepig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of watermelons in a single location

ex: Go:k 'o'oid heg'ea sgepig. In both of my fields there are lots of watermelons.

gepiga Stat: to have watermelons

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gep/ gev gep N alien aggreg: watermelon, the plant and the fruit (also called milo) ge-:dag NComp [loc: ge-:dag[]-c-'e]: sea, ocean (same as ge-k:ck) gev Vtr Unit (for Repet see geggev) [Neutr: def ge:g; hort ge:gev; imper sgs ge:geva-;
indef gev. Correl: ge:gev-k; immed: ge:gev-ka-'i. Dur: geva-d]: to hit, thrash obj ex: Nt o ge:g g mu: vo:pona mant 'am ce: 'ama'i. I'll thrash the beans I have pulled which I put in a pile down there. -- 'Ant ge:g kua 'an. I hit him on the (his) forehead. -Ge:geva u:skaj! Hit him with a stick! -- 'U:skaj g 'ab ge:gev! Hit him with a stick (somewhere on the upper part of the body)! --Pi g 'an hu ge:gev g 'u:skaj! Don't hit me with a stick (somewhere on the lower part of the body). --mapt ab 'am o 'i gevad mo'oj da:m!... just keep on hitting him on top of the (his) head!

gev Vtr Unit (for Repet see geggev) [Neutr: def ge:g]: to play a musical instrument
(such as a guitar, a drum, the accordion) ex: Nap sma:c mapt has masma vo ge:g g 'eva'iundam? Do you know how to play the accordion?

gev Vtr Unit (for Repet see geggev) [Neutr: def ge:g; indef gev. Correl: ge:gev-k]: to
beat obj at a game ex: ge:g 'amt. I was beaten at a game. --Kus hu g 'ali hab ma:sc o ge:g! A kid like you could not possibly beat me! -- Kups voho 'i ge:g! You could not possibly beat me!- Kuptp 'ep o a ge:gevk If you beat me again -- Cum hekid 'am gev. I am always beaten (by someone). ha-gev: to win (over someone) ex: Santa Rosa 'a'al 'o cum hekid hagev. The Santa Rosa kids always win.--Ku ab hagev. I always win.-- P he'ekia 'i hagev? How much do you win? --Cum 'a mu'i hagev. I used to win a lot of money.

gev Vdtr [Neutr: def ge:g]: to stake obj against somebody

ex: Nt hega'i 'ab o mge:g mant 'am ab o himk 'am o bei hega'i m'usaga. I'll stake that against you so that I can go there and get your play stick.

gev Vdtr [Neutr: def ge:g; indef gev. Correl: ge:gev-k]: to win obj from somebody
ex: Nt o hage:g g lial. I'll win money. --Nt o mge:g g lial. I'll win money from you. -matp ge:gevk. after he had won it from him. -- ab hagev ha'icu. I usually win something. -- m'an hab cu'ig g ha'icu ha'ega ma heg hagev around are noticeable the goods (their possessions) which I won.

gev Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ge:g; hort 'e-ge:gev; indef 'e-gev. Dur: 'e-geva-d]: to hit
oneself (somewhere on one's body)

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gev/ gevckvakam
ex: 'Ege:g 'ab 'e'ab. He hit himself. --'E-'et(<'at)-ge:g 'am 'ekua 'an. He hit himself on the forehead.

gev Vreflex tr [Neutr: def 'e-ge:g]: to stake obj against each other (see also 'e-gevto)
ex: 'Id 'att 'ab o tge:g. We'll stake this against each other. -- Kutt hega'i 'ab o tge:g hega'i. We'll stake that against each other.

gevag see Stat s-gevig= to be full of snow, ice, ice cubes in one location gevcud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ge:gc; hort 'e-ge:gcud; indef 'e-gevcud]: to get beaten, to
lose a game, to give up, to accept defeat ex: Hek 'aptk hu 'i 'ege:gc k 'am na:nko kaij. You've already been beaten and (consequently) you talk nonsense. --ge:gc 'ant. I lost (I am beaten). --Pi 'int(<'ant) o ge:gc. I won't accept defeat. --Pi g 'am 'ege:gcud! Don't accept defeat! --Cum hekid 'a gevcud. I always lose (at games).

gevho N indiv [pl: gegevho]: bobcat gevig/gevag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of snow, ice, ice cubes, icicles in one
location

gevio see N gevul= thistle gev[] N mass: snow, ice gev[] N aggreg: ice cubes, icicles gevckva Vtr Unit (for Repet see gevckvup) [Neutr: def and hort gevckva; imper sgs
gevckva-]: to knock obj down by hitting it with a stick, a belt, a rope, a whip ex: 'Amtk gevckva g 'o'odham 'an mo'o 'an. They (someone) knocked the man down by hitting him on the (his) head with a stick. gevckva g bo:l VExpr Unit (for Repet see gevckvup g bo:l): to bat, to play baseball ex: Tt o 'i gevcka g bo:l. Let's play baseball.

gevckvadam N: batter (one whose job is to hit the ball) gevckvaag s- Stat: to be good at batting
ex: Pi gevckvaag. He is not good at batting.

gevckvakam s- N subst: one who is good at batting

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gevckvku/ gevk gevckvku N: bat (instrument with which one hits) gevckvup (assim of *gevckvap) Vtr Repet (for Unit see gevckva) [Neutr: indef
gevckvup. Dur: gevckvupa-d. Interr: gevckvup[i]-him]: to knock obj down repeatedly by hitting it with a stick or something like a stick, such as a belt, a whip ex: Tp 'an hi a(<a) haha 'i cum gevckvuphi. She was trying in vain to knock it down. gevckvup g bo:l VExpr Repet (for Unit see gevckva g bo:l): to bat repeatedly.

gevckvup[a]dam-bo:l 'e- NComp: baseball (ball which is being hit repeatedly) gevku N indiv [pl: gegevku]: whip gevtan Vtr [Neutr: def gevta; hort and indef gevtan. Dur: gevtana-d. Interr: gevtanahim; concurs gevtana-him-c]: to hit obj with a stick (or something like a stick, such as a belt, a rope, a whip) ex: Nt o mgevta. I am going to whip you. -- Pi g 'am gevtan! Don't whip me ! -- 'ep si gevtanahimc hab 'a:g. once more he whipped him again and again saying to him...

gevtan in 'a'ai 'e-gevtan VExpr reflex [Neutr: indef 'a'ai 'e-gevtan. Dur: 'a'ai 'egevtana-d]: to hit each other with a stick, a whip, a belt ex: 'A'ai 'egevtan. They are hitting each other with sticks (they are having a stick fight).

gevto Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort gevto]: to win obj from somebody (at a game) ex: Nt o
mgevto. I'll win it from you.-- 'am 'i ha gevto 'ama'i. he had won everything from him. --mant 'ida 'am a(<va) mgevto. now that I have won it from you. --Pi g 'am ves gevto! Don't win it all from him!

gevto Vreflex tr [Neutr: def 'e-gevto]: to stake obj against each other (similar to 'e-gev)
ex: 'Att 'a'ai 'ab o tgevto hega'i. Let's stake that against each other!

gevk s- Adj sg [pl: s-gevpk]: stiff, strong, hard

ex: gevk mo'okam= one with a strong, hard head -- gevpk mo'okam= one with stiff hair -gevk 'o:kam= one with a stiff back -- gevpk 'o'okam= ones with stiff backs --Pi gevpk no:nhai c cum hekid ha'icu dagko. Not having strong hands constantly he/she drops things. -- D(<vu) 'o sgevk ha'icu cikpandam. He is a strong (hard) worker.

gevk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-gevk. Dur: s-gevka-d. Interr: sgevka-him); pls:
s-gevpk]: to be stiff, strong, hard, coarse ex: Nt o sgevk mant o s'ap koi. I'll be strong (tomorrow) if I get a good sleep.

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gevka/ gevkdag gevka Vintr sgs (for pls see gevpka) [Neutr: def gevka. Interr: gevka-him]: to become
stiffer, stronger, harder, coarser ex: Kut 'am 'i ge'eda g 'ali c 'ep 'ab 'i gevka. As the child grew he also became stronger.

gevka Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see gevpka) [Neutr: def gevka; concurs gevka-c. Interr:
gevka-him]: to make obj become stiffer, stronger ex: gevka ['at]. It got me stiff. -- Mgevkac daicug. I am stiff from sitting (in a moving object such as a car).

gevkad Vtr sgo (for plo see gevpkad) [Neutr: def and hort gevkad]: to stiffen, starch,
strengthen obj ex: Nt o 'i gevkad. I'll strengthen it.

gevkad Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def and hort 'e-gevkad. Correl: 'e-gevkad-k; immed: 'egevkad-ka-'i]: to stiffen oneself, to strengthen oneself ex: Si 'i(<'e)gevkadk o ge:g! Hit him with all your might (having stiffened yourself)!

gevkadaku N: starch (instrument with which to stiffen things) gevkam s- Adv sg referent: strongly, forcefully, stiffly
ex: Sgevkam me g hevel. The wind is blowing hard.

gevkam s- N subst sg: one that is strong, stiff (same as s-gevkcu) gevkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs: to be one that is strong, stiff
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) sgevkam. He is one who is strong.

gevka'i Vsubst impers tr sgo: to make obj become stronger

ex: B(<'ab) 'at haha ab 'i gevka'i. Then I regained my strength.

gevkcu s- N subst sg: one that is strong, stiff gevkcu vu s- Stat Expr sgs: to be one that is strong, stiff gevkdag N inalien [(3rd pers sg gevkda-j); distr: gevpkdag]: somebody's strength,
power (physical or magical) ex: Hega'i gevkdaj ba'ivckim 'i cum sgevk. That fellow's strength used to be greater than mine --gevkdag b 'am 'i huhug. I've lost my strength (has disappeared). --'ab si tai g na:nko cu'igam gevkdag.he asked him for various types of powers (magical power). Jio-gevkdag NComp(?): God's power, might

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gevkdag/ gevpk gevkdag Stat: to have strength, power

ex: 'Am hu hema ke:k mo baicc 'i gevkdag. Down there stands one (fellow) who is stronger than I am. --Heg 'o gevkdag. He has strength. --Pi 'ab hu ha gevkdag. He has no strength at all.

gev-ki: NComp inalien indiv: icebox, refrigerator (also called hevhogidaku or gevto'aku) ex: M g nto'id 'egev-ki: 'e! (Could you) keep it for me in your refrigerator!

gevko see Vintr gevkog= to get tired out gevkog Vintr Unit (for Repet see gevpkog) sgs (for pls see gevpkog) [Neutr: def
gevko; hort gevkog. Interr: gevkoga-him/gevkog[i]-him]: to get tired out, exhausted ex: Pt o gevko pi vo a 'ap koi. You'll get tired out if you don't sleep enough (well). --Nt o gevko mant o cum si cikp. I get tired out whenever I try to work very hard (I can't work hard, I get tired out). -- Gevko 'ont<'ant). I am tired out. --Nt ab gevko cum e:ndahimc. I am exhausted just from waiting for him in vain. --Pi g 'am gevkog! Don't get tired! -Gevkogahim /gevkoghim 'a. I am getting tired.

gevkogam N subst sg: one who is tired out, exhausted

ex: gevkogam 'oks= a tired old lady

gevkogam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is tired out, exhausted

ex: 'A:i'i 'a u gevkogam. I am a tired one.

gevkogig/ gevkogg N inalien: tiredness gevkog[]cud Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def gevkogc]: to get obj tired out, exhausted; to
get tired out by something, from doing something ex: gevkogc ['at]. I am exhausted from it. -- Spakog vo:g 'at gevkogc. The rough road got me tired out (I am tired out from the rough road).

gevkog[]cud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-gevkogc; hort 'e-gevkog[]cud]: to wear

oneself out ex: Pi g 'am 'egevkogcud! Don't wear yourself out

Ge-Vo'o NExpr (?): name of a village, Kervo gevpk see Adj s-gevk= stiff, strong, hard gevpk see Stat s-gevk= to be stiff, strong, hard, coarse

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gevpka/ gevp gevpka Vintr pls (for sgs see gevka) [Neutr: def gevpka. Interr: gevpkahim]: to
become stiffer, stronger, harder, coarser

gevpka Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see gevka): to make obj get stiff, strong
ex: Tgevpka ['at]. It got us stiff.

gevpkad Vtr plo (for sgo see gevkad): to stiffen, strengthen obj gevpkdag see N gevkdag= somebody's strength, power gevpkog Vintr Repet (for Unit see gevkog) sgs [Neutr: indef gevpkog]: to get tired
repeatedly ex: Sho:tam 'a gevpkog. I get tired easily (I get tired fast repeatedly).

gevpkog Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see gevkog) [Neutr: def gevpko]: to get tired
ex: Gevpko 'ott(<'att). We are tired out (we've gotten tired). -- Namt gevpko? Are you tired (did you get tired)?

gev see Vintr gevp= to freeze gev see Vtr gevp= to trap obj (under a pile, a layer of something) gevc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef gevc. Dur: gevci-d. Interr: gevc=ka-him]: to have obj
trapped, caught (under a pile, a layer of something) ex: Nap gevc? Do you have it trapped (under something)? --heg 'am 'al 'i ha cum 'alo gevc. he almost got it trapped (under something). --M g ab 'i gevcid! Keep something on top of it (keep it trapped under something)!

gevp Vintr [Neutr: def gev. Interr: gevpa-him/ gevp[i]him]: to freeze (to trap the
ground under a layer of ice) ex: Gev g u:dag. The water is frozen (has frozen). -- Gevphim 'o. It's freezing.

gevp Vtr Unit (for Repet see gevap; for Distr see gegevp) [Neutr: def gev; imper
sgs gevpa-; hort gevp[]. Correl: gev-k; immed: gev-ka-'i]: to trap obj (under a pile, a layer of something), to pile up (something) on top of obj ex: Ha'i 'am hekaj 'i gev. They trapped her under some of it (pieces of firewood).--c gda:m 'am hato'ak 'am hagev g hohodaikaj. and having put them on top of it they piled up stones on top of them (they trapped them with stones). --N(<'an) g gevp! Trap it (a mouse) by piling up something on top of it!.

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gevp/ ge'egevp g hevel VExpr: to take the edge off of one's hunger by having a bite (to trap the wind under something) ex: Nt ab o a gev g hevel. I'll take some of the edge off of my hunger (by having a bite).

gevpaku in vipi gevpaku NExpr(?) indiv [pl: vipi gegevpaku]: brassiere gevp[] Stat: to be trapped (under a pile or layer of something)
ex: Gevp g tapial 'idveco kavho. A piece of paper is caught under this box.

gevap Vtr Repet (for Unit see gevp) [Neutr: indef gevap. Dur: gevapa-d]: to trap
obj (under a pile, a layer of something) repeatedly

gev-to'aku NComp inalien indiv [pl: gev-toota'aku]: icebox (also called gev-ki:) gevul (dial: gevio) N aggreg: thistle (the plant) gevul-hiosig NComp aggreg: thistle flower(s) ge'e see Vintr ge'e= to become bigger, to grow ge'e Mod sg [pl: ge'ege]: big, a lot
ex: 'At 'am hab ju: g si ge'e piast. They had a huge feast. --'At 'am hab ju: g ge'e gegusig 'ama'i. They had a big meal (a banquet). -- D(<vu) 'aptp o vepo ge'e hemajkamk kutp o s'apekad hega'i. If you were as big a fellow as I am, it would be all right. -- Begi, 'atp 'am ha'i a ba'ic 'i ge'ege o tgagc. Well, make us some bigger bows! --...ba'ic 'i ge'e vu do'ag. it's a bigger mountain. --Ge'e g cu:t! Grind it a lot! --Pi g 'am hu ge'e 'ab 'i:'i. Don't drink too much of it! --Sko:sim heghekaj mat ge'e va 'i je:j g ko:sidaku. She is sleepy because she has smoked a lot of the soporific (tobacco).

ge'e N inalien indiv [pl: ge'ege]: elder, oldest (same as ge'ecu) ge'e vu Stat sgs [pls: vu ge'ege]: to be an elder, the eldest
ex: (<'a) 'a:i'i vu ge'e. I am the eldest. --K hei(<hea'i) u ge'e? Who is the eldest? --..heghekaj matp u ge'e g 'I'itoi. ..because 'I'itoi is the oldest (of us all).

ge'e-bo:l NComp inalien: basketball (big ball) ge'e-bo:l VComp reflex : to play basketball against each other
ex: Tt o tge'e-bo:l! Let's play basketball!

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ge'ecu/ ge'ege ge'ecu N subst sg [pl: ge'egecu]: oldest, elder (of siblings) ge'ecu vu Stat Expr sgs: to be the elder, the oldest (of siblings)
ex: Heg 'o o(<vu) ge'ecu ba'ag. He is an elder eagle. --..matp u si ge'ecu tova. ..who was the oldest turkey (of the group).-- Heg 'o o(<vu) si ge'ecu. He is the oldest one. -..matp u si ge'ecu g 'I'itoi. ..he is the oldest (of us), 'I'itoi. --T 'id heg o a(<va) bei mo o(<vu) ge'ecu mo o(<vu) ge'e 'i:da'a. He who is the eldest will take the biggest of these.

ge'ecu cehia NExpr alien [1st pers sg ge'ecu n-cehia=ga]: oldest daughter ge'ecu 'ali NExpr alien [1st pers sg ge'ecu 'ali=ga]: oldest child ge'eda Vintr sgs [Neutr: def ge'eda. Correl: ge'eda-k; immed: ge'eda-ka-'i. Interr: ge'edahim]: to become bigger, larger (see also ge'e) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) koi ge'eda. He is not big enough yet. --Nt ab si ge'eda. I am too big. -Ge'eda 'atk k ge cevaj. He is older and quite (unexpectedly) tall. --Ge'eda 'atk g i:nk. There is too much soot (it has become too much). -- 'I 'o 'i ge'edahim. It is getting bigger and bigger. --Vo ge'edak ha'icu u o a(<va) vehejidkamk. After she has become bigger she will be useful to me.

ge'edajid Vtr Unit (for Repet see gegedajid) sgo (for plo see mu'ijid) [Neutr: def
ge'edaj; hort ge'edajid]: to accumulate obj ex:k 'am ha'a:'ad mat o bei g mamaho k 'am o cekhimk o ge'edaj.and he sent them to get the algae and to keep setting it down there until they had accumulated a lot of it.

ge'e Vintr sgs (for pls see ge'ege) [Neutr: def ge'e; indef ge'e. Correl: ge'e-k;
immed: ge'e-ka-'i. Dur: ge'ea-d. Interr: ge'el[i]-him]: to become bigger, to grow ex: k hab 'a'aga ma ghekaj eliim o ge'ead g 'ali. and it is said that thanks to it (the cradle board) a child will be growing straight. -- Ge'elhim 'o g 'u:sga. My tree is getting bigger. --matp 'ab 'i ge'elhi, ge'elhi g vo:kaj. she was getting bigger, her stomach was getting bigger (because she was pregnant). --matp hab 'eju:k 'ab 'i ge'elhi g vo:kaj. as a consequence of what had happened her stomach was getting bigger.

ge'ege see Vtr ge'ege= to become bigger, to grow ge'ege see Mod ge'e= big, a lot ge'ege see N ge'e= elder, old person ge'ege N alien aggreg [1st pers sg ge'ege=ga]: one's parents

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ge'ege/ ge'el ge'ege Vintr pls (for sgs see ge'e) [Neutr: def ge'ege'e; indef ge'ege. Correl:
ge'ege-k; immed: ge'ege-ka-'i. Interr: ge'ege'el[i]-him]: to become bigger, to grow ex: 'am a ba'ic 'i ge'ege. they grew some more. -- Tp 'ea 'am 'i ge'ege hegam. Meanwhile, they had grown, those (birds). -- 'Am 'o ob(<vab ) kia ge'ege'elhim. They are still growing.--Tp 'ea 'am a 'al 'i ge'egek 'ab 'i 'a'ant. Meanwhile, they had grown some and their feathers had come out.

ge'egeaj see Stat ge'ej= to be big ge'egecu see N subst ge'ecu= elder, oldest one (of siblings) ge'ege-kopondaku NComp aggreg: loco weed (it has large pods filled with air) ge'ege-mu: NComp alien aggreg: a variety of beans (long and red) ge'ege-vipnoi NComp aggreg: a variety of cholla cactus, pencil cholla ge'ege'e see Vintr ge'ege= to become bigger, to grow ge'ege'el see Vintr ge'ege= to become bigger, to grow ge'ege'el see Vtr ge'ege'elid= to make obj grow ge'ege'elid Vtr plo (for sgo see ge'elid) [Neutr: def ge'ege'el; hort ge'ege'elid]: to make
obj grow, to raise, bring up, enlarge obj

ge'ehog s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ge'eghog]: to be grown up, mature ge'ej Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef ge'ej; def ge'ej=k. Dur: ge'ej=ka-d. Interr: ge'ej=ka-him);
pls: ge'egeaj]: to be big, to be too much ex: 'A:i 'a ba'ic 'i ge'ej mo hega'i. I am bigger than he (is). -- 'A:pi 'ap ba'ic 'i ge'ej. You are bigger than I (am). --He'es o 'i ge'ejkad map heg tacu? How big do you want it? -- Ge'ej g pimiando 'am hidoc'e. There is too much pepper in the food.

ge'ejig N inalien [1st pers pl tge'ejig]: the head of the household, family, village ge'ejig vu Stat Expr: to be the head of one's family or village
ex: 'A:i 'a u hage'ejig. I am the head of their family. --'Id 'o o(<vu) tge'ejig. He is the head of our family.

ge'e-ki: NComp [loc: ge'e-ki:-c-'e]: meeting house ge'el see NComp 'al-ge'el= godchild; nephew

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ge'el/ ge:s ge'el see Vintr ge'e= to become bigger, to grow ge'el see Vtr ge'elid= to make obj become bigger, to raise, bring up obj ge'elid Vtr sgo (for pls see ge'ege'elid) [Neutr: def ge'el; hort ge'elid]: to make obj
become big(ger), to raise, bring up, grow, enlarge, obj ex: Ge'el 'at hega'i 'ali. He raised that child. -- 'ab 'i 'ep cum ge'el hega'i vag. she tried again to enlarge that hole (in the ground). - Njisk ge'el. My aunt (mother's older sister) brought me up, ---Ntatal ge'el. My uncle (mother's younger brother) brought me up.

ge'e-vo:g NComp indiv [sg (loc: ge'e-vo:g-t'an); pl: ge'ege-vopog]: highway

ge:-

ge:g see Vtr gev= to hit obj; to play a musical instrument; to beat some body at a game. ge:g see Vdtr gev= to stake obj against somebody; to win obj from somebody. ge:g see Vreflex 'e-gev= to hit oneself (somewhere on one's body) ge:g see Vreflex tr 'e-gev= to stake obj against each other ge:gc see Vreflex 'e-gevcud= to lose at a game, to give up ge:geva N inalien [1st pers sg -ge:geva]: pile of beans or any other seeds with pods in
the process of being beaten to remove the pods ex: Nt o e:nc g ge:geva. I am going to winnow my beans. bavi ge:geva NExpr inalien aggreg [1st pers sg: bav -ge:geva]: pile of beans in the process of being beaten to remove the pods.

ge:gev see Vtr gev= to hit obj; to play a musical instrument ge:gev see Vdtr gev= to stake obj against somebody; to win obj from somebody ge:gev see Vreflex 'e-gev= to hit oneself. ge:gev N inalien aggreg: winnings, earnings (which one has won, earned, from
somebody) ex:'i hab 'i toa g 'ege:gev. he put his winnings down here. --pt hekaj o ma: hega'i ge:gev. therefore, give me those winnings of mine. --k o ho(<ha)mamk g hage:gev. and he will pay them their earnings.

ge:s see Vintr ge:= to fall

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ge:s[i]d/ ge: ge:s[i]d Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ul[i]gid/'e-'iava) [Neutr: def 'e-ge:sid]: to be
exhausted, tired out ex: ge:sid 'ant. I am exhausted.

ge:sig in veco-ge:sig NComp [loc: veco-ge:sig-c-'e]: sediment (that which has fallen
underneath)

ge:s[i]him see Vintr ge:= to fall ge: Vintr Unit (for Repet and Distr see gega) sgs (for pls see ul[i]g) [Neutr: def
gei; imper ge:a-/ge:si-; hort ge: /ge:s; indef ge:. Correl: ge:-k; immed: ge:-ka-'i. Compl: ge:-ok; immed: ge:-oka-'i. Interr: ge:s[i]-him. Dur: ge:a-d.]: to fall, get in ex: 'I 'it(<'at) 'i ge'. He fell down. --D(<g) 'ant hu 'i gei u:dagc'e. I fell in the water.-Cum 'alo 'ant 'i gei. I almost fell down. --Pt o 'i gei. You're going to fall. --Pi g 'am 'i ge:s/ ge:! Don't fall (be careful not to fall)! --'I ge:sihim 'o. It/he is about to fall. --Gei 'atk g sva'ubag. The dew has fallen (it's dewy). --Vo gei g ju:k. The rain is going to start falling. --mat a(<va) 'am gei g 'a:ga. the rumor has spread (fallen). --Ha gei g 'o'ohia bi: 'e. Some sand has fallen in my food.-- Na:dac'e 'at gei. It fell in the fire. -- Nat 'ab ha'icu mvuhi 'e gei? Did something get in your eye? --M 'at 'ialhimk g hu gei. After rolling over and over it stopped (fell) down there. --'Ea gm hu o a(<va) gei g ta. At the time, the sun was setting. --'am o gei g'ea u:dag. she will dive in the water. --M g ge:s /ge: u:dagc'e! get (dive) in the water! --ia k 'am 'ep gei 'ep. Well, and again he got in (the water). --Ju:k 'o ge:. Rain is falling. --Gev 'o ge:. Snow is falling. --hekaj vaikho 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'i ge: u:dagc'ea. for the third time she dives into the water. --T o ge:ad g ju:k. Rain will be falling (for some time). --'I ge:k 'am 'i ialhim. It fell and rolled over and over. -- 'Atsp 'oia sko'okam 'i ge:k 'ab s'ecuhug. Then he hurt himself as he fell and lost consciousness. -- 'Ali 'i ge:k 'am si dakva. The child fell (on the ground) and bumped his nose. gahi 'i ge: VExpr intr sgs: to go in and across, to fall to one side ex: B(<'ab) g 'i ge:s/ge: vaika gahi! Cross the ditch (coming this way)! --B(<'ab) g gahi 'i ge:s/ge: 'etaaj! Walk across it! -- B(<'ab) 'i ge:s/ge: kavyukaj 'ab vaika gahi! Cross the ditch (coming this way) on horseback! -- Gahi 'i gei g milo. The melon shoots have started to fall to one side. -- ..tp 'im hab gahi gei g Ho'ok. ..she tumbled over to one side, that Witch. ha'as 'i ge: VExpr intr: to fall into a thin layer ex: Ha'as 'i gei g jevu. A thin layer of dust had fallen (on things).

ge: in hema vui ge: VExpr sgs: to ask somebody's assistance

ex: Nt gvui vo gei hega'i. I will ask his assistance.

ge: in mu:k 'i ge: VExpr intr sgs: to faint; to be bowled over with surprise
ex:'amje mu:k 'i gei. from there he fainted. -- T o mu:k 'i gei. He will be bowled over with surprise.

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gia/ gigia gi-

gia see Vtr gi'a-= to attach obj with a string or rope, to take obj by the hand gia'i see Vtr gi'a-= to attach obj with a string or rope, to take obj by the hand gidag N aggreg: white thorn (a tree which resembles the 'u:pa) gidagag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of white thorn trees in a single location gidahime Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see gidahiop) [Neutr: def gidahim; hort
gidahime]: to go to war ex: ve:m o gidahim! Go to war with me!

gidahiop Vintr pls (for sgs see gidahime) [Neutr: def and hort gidahio]: to go to war gidal (Span: guitarra) N inalien indiv [pl: gigdal]: guitar gigdal see N gidal= guitar gigghiot Vtr Distr (for Unit sing see gihot; for mult see gighiot) [Neutr: def and indef
gigghiot]: to make carrying baskets out of obj

giggia Vtr Repet (for Unit see gi'a-) [Neutr: indef gigia. Dur: gigia-d]: to attach obj
with a rope or string, to take obj by the hand repeatedly ex: Vo gigiad! Take him by the hand every time!

gighio see N giho= carrying basket gighioho see N gioho= rainbow gighiot (met of *gigihot) Vtr Unit (for Distr see gigghiot) mult (for sing see gihot)
[Neutr: indef gighiot]: to make carrying baskets out of obj

gigi Vintr Repet (for Unit see gi'i-) [Neutr: indef gigi. Dur: gigi-d]: to put on weight
repeatedly ex: Hemho a(<va) 'a gigi ma hekid a ku'a g lu:lsi. I am sure to put on weight every time I eat candy.--Hemho v(<vo) va gigid. He is sure to be putting on weight repeatedly.

gigia Vtr [Neutr: def and hort gigia]: to splice up obj

ex: Nt o gigia g vijina. I'll splice up my rope.

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gigiaad/ gigivkdam gigiaad Vtr Unit (for Distr see gi:gi'aad) mult (for sing see gi'aad) [Neutr: def
and hort gigiaad]: to lace up obj, to put a string through several holes of obj ex: B(<'ab) g gigiaad g eu:k! Lace up your shoe!

gigiaag see N gi'aag: handle, string of gigiaag Stat: to be laced up

ex: Hema 'o pi 'ib(<'ab) hu gigiaag g mu:k. One of your shoes is not laced up.

gigiapi'ok Vtr mult [Neutr: def gigiapi'o; hort gigiapi'ok; imper sgs
gigiapi'oka-]: to unlace obj (a string through several holes) ex: Nt o gigiapi'o g nu:k. I'll unlace my shoe. -- Gigiapi'oka g eu:k! Unlace your shoe!

gigidval N aggreg: a bird, swallow gigig see Stat s-gi:g[]= to be fat gigigid Vtr Repet (for Unit see gi:gid) [Neutr: indef gigigid]: to shake obj repeatedly gigik Num: eight gigik[h]o/ gigikko Adv subst: eight times
gamai gigikho Adv Expr: eighteen times

gigik[h]o see N gi:k[h]o= crown, headband Gigimai N: name of a group of 'O'odham gig[i]maim see Adv s-gimaim= braggingly gig[i]maima see Stat s-gimaima= to be bragging, boasting gigiv see Vintr gigivk= to tremble, shake gigivk Vintr [Neutr: def gigiv; indef gigivk. Dur: gigivka-d]: to tremble, shiver, shake
(from cold, age, or fear) ex: Ha'as a(<va) 'at gigiv g gogs. The dog stopped trembling. --Heum 'atk k gigivk. He he is trembling from cold. --Hega'i mo ge gigivk. Jello (that which shake like)

gigivkdam N subst: one who trembles, shakes constantly (from age, fear, cold)

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gigivu/ gimaim gigivu see N givu= belt gigk see N gi:k= plow, digging stick gigo see N gi:o= cheese giho N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: giho-j); pl: gighio (met of *gigiho)]: carrying
basket

Giho-Do'ag NComp [loc: Giho-Do'ag-t-'ab]: name of a mountain behind Covered

Wells (carrying basket mountain)

gihot Vtr Unit (for Distr see gigghiot) sing (for mult see gighiot) [Neutr: def, hort
and indef gihot]: to make a carrying basket out of obj ex: Nt o hema gihot. I'll make a carrying basket (out of it).--Gihot 'o. She is making a carrying basket out of it.

gihot[a]ag s- Stat sgs: to be good at making carrying baskets gihotakam s- N subst: one who is good at making carrying baskets gikuj Vintr [Neutr: def and hort gikuj. Interr: gikuj[i]-him]: to whistle
ex: Kupt 'am o gikuj. You will whistle. -- '0 'om(<'am) himadc gikujhim. He is walking as he is whistling.

gikujid Vtr [Neutr: def gikuj; hort gikujid]: to whistle for obj (same as gikulid)
ex: Nt o mgikuj. I'll whistle for you.

gikulid Vtr [Neutr: def gikul; hort gikulid]: to whistle for obj (same as gikujid) gilom Vtr [Neutr: def gilo]: to tie a string around obj gimaihun Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-gimaihu; hort and indef 'e-gimaihun. Dur:
'e-gimaihuna-d]: to brag about oneself, to take pride in oneself ex: Pi g 'am 'egimaihun! Don't brag! -- Heg 'o cum hekid 'egimaihun. He brags about himself continually. -- Pi g 'am 'egimaihunad! Don't be bragging about yourself continually!

gimaihundam 'e- N subst: one who brags about himself constantly, a braggard gimaim s- Adv sg [pl: s-gig[i]maim]: braggingly, boastingly
ex: Sgimaim hab 'eju:. He acted braggingly. --Sgimaim him. He struts (walks braggingly).

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gimaima/ givaa gimaima s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-gimaima; def s-gimaima=k. Dur: s-gimaima=kad); pls: s-gig[i] maima]: to be bragging, boasting ex: Heg 'o sgimaima. He is boasting. --Pi 'o gimaima. He does not boast.

gimaimakam s- N subst sg: one who is bragging, a braggart gimaimakam vu s-Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is bragging, to be a braggart gins N: name of one of the four tubes used in playing the game of gins; name of the
game itself (played by men only)

gins Vintr [Neutr: def gins. Correl: gins-k; immed: gins-ka-'i]: to get the gins face up
(and all other thre: sticks face down, thus getting the highest score of 15 points) ex: a(<va) hekaj gins hega'i viappoi. Right away he got (hearsay) the gins face up, that boy. --ia k 'amje 'ep ginsk gm hu 'i ce. Well, and from there after getting the gins face up again, he climbed (toward the house).

gins Vtr [Neutr: def gins. Correl: gins-k; immed: gins-ka-'i]: to play gins against obj
ex: ..nt ab o ginsk o mua hega'i ba:b. ..having played gins against him, I will kill him, that grandfather of mine.

gins Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-gins]: to play gins against each other
ex: 'Att hig o tgins! Let's play gins against each other!

ginsku N inalien: set of four sticks used in playing the gins gam ginskut Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort ginskut]: to make a gins set out of obj gioho (contr of *gihoho) N indiv [pl: gighioho (met of *gigihoho)]: rainbow
ex: Hema ke:k g gioho. There is a rainbow (a rainbow is standing).

gisokig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of fruits on a single purple prickly pear cactus gisok N alien aggreg: fruit of the purple prickly pear cactus giva Vtr: to strike obj (a match; same as givan?)
ex: Nt o giva g tai. I'll strike a match.

givaa Vtr [Neutr: indef givaa]: to strike obj (such as a match) again and again
ex: eu:k 'ab givaa g tai. He is striking a match again and again on his shoe (sole).

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givan/ gi'aad givan Vtr [Neutr: def giva; hort givan; imper sgs givana-]: to strike obj (such as a
match) with one motion (same as giva?) ex: Pt o giva! Strike it (a match)! --Pi g 'am givan g tai! Don't strike a match!

giva Vtr: to strike obj (a match) with reiterated motions givpu see N givu= belt givu N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg givua-j); pl: givpu/ gigivu]: belt
ex: Nt o 'i juakai g givu. I'll loosen my belt. bako'ola-givu NComp(?): pascola dancer belt

givut Vtr sing: to make a belt out of obj givulk (dial: gevulk) Stat sgs [(Neutr: indef givulk); pls: gi'igivulk]: to be constricted
ex:c 'an ge 'al 'i givulk g 'ehuda. and it is as if constricted in its middle.

Givulk N subst: name of Covered Wells upper village (named after a hill close to the
village that is constricted) ex: Givulk 'ab 'a u ki:kam. I am a resident of Givulk.

-givulk in Vav-Givulk NComp [loc: Vav-Givulk-t-'ab]: Baboquivari Mountain (cliff

constricted)

givulkdag N inalien [3rd pers sg: givulkda-j]: somebody's waist, waistline gi'a- Vtr Unit (for Repet see giggia) [Neutr: def gia; hort gia-'i; imper sgs gi'a-, pls
gi'a-io]: to attach obj with a string or rope, to take obj by the hand ex: B(<'ab) 'att o gia g mma:gina k o 'i mva'iu. We'll attach your car with a rope and we'll pull you. --Nt o ho(<ha)gia g ko'okol. I'll attach the chile peppers with a string. -B(<'ab) 'ant o a(<va) mgia. I'll take you by the hand. --N(<'an) g gia'i! Take me by the hand!

gi'a- Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-gi:gi'a) [Neutr: def 'e-gia. Interr: 'e-gi'a-him]: to
take each other by the hand ex: N(<'an) o 'i 'i(<'e)gi'ahi! Make a circle holding hands!

gi'aad Vtr Unit (for Distr see gi:gi'aad) sing (for mult see gigiaad) [Neutr: def
and hort gi'aad]: to put a handle on obj, to put a rope, string through two holes of obj (see also gigiaad)

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gi'aad/ gi'icuda
ex: 'an o ge gi'aadk 'ab o nagia silt'aba'i. having put a kind of handle on it, he hangs it to the saddle.

gi'aadc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef gi'aadc]: to have a handle on obj

ex:'an 'al 'i gi'aadc heg'ab hava'ig. she had it with something like a handle on it (the water container) and she filled it with water for them.

gi'aag N: handle, string of

ga:t-gi'aag NComp: bowstring pilin-gi'aag NComp inalien indiv [sg (1rst pers sg -pilin-gi'a; 3rd pers sg pilingi'aga-j); pl: pilin-gigiaag]: rein u:k-gi'aag NComp inalien indiv [pl: u:k-gigiaag]: shoestring va:ldi-gi'aag NComp: bucket handle

gi'aagt Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort gi'aagt]: to make a handle out of obj
ex: Nt o hema huatk 'an o ge gi'aagt. Having made a basket, I'll make some kind of a handle out of it.

gi'aaj N inalien: handle, bowstring of a specified entity (its handle) gi'api'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def gi'api'o; hort gi'api'ok]: to remove the handle off obj gi'akc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef gi'akc. Dur: gi'akci-d]: to have obj attached with a rope
or string, to be holding obj by the hand

gi'akcug Vtr [Neutr: indef gi'akcug]: to move holding obj by the hand gi'i- Vintr Unit (for Repet see gigi) [Neutr: def gi:; hort gi:-'i; imper sgs gi'i-, pls gi'ivo. Interr: gi'i-him]: to put on weight ex: Ge 'et(<'at) gi:. He has put on weight (unexpectedly). --'Al 'at gi:. He/she put on some weight --a 'al 'at 'al gi:. He/she put on a fair amount of weight. --Ntk ab si gi:. I put on too much weight. --Gi: 'iptk(<'aptk). You've put on weight (I see it). --Pi g 'am gi:'i! Don't put on weight! -- Gi'ihim 'a. I am putting on weight. -- Heg 'o ge gi'ihim. He/she is (unexpectedly) putting on weight. --M(<'am) 'a ab 'i gi'ihim. I am still putting on weight. --Pi g 'am ab si gi'ihid. Don't be putting on any more weight.

gi'icud Vtr [Neutr: def gi'ic; hort gi'icud]: to fatten obj

ex: Nt o ho(<ha)gi'ic g haivaga. I'll fatten my cows. -- Ha-g-gi'icud g 'ehaivaga! Fatten your cows!

gi'icuda N inalien aggreg: one(s) in the process of being fattened by somebody

ex: haiva gi'icuda: the cow(s) that is/are being fattened by me

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gi'icudas/ gi'ikokam gi'icudas Stat: to be fattened

ex: Gi'icudas 'o g haiva. The cow(s) is/are fattened.

gi'id N: a long hill with a flat top (higher than toonk) gi'idag Stat impers Unit: there is a long flat-topped hill
ex: Gn hu mo 'on(<'an) ge 'al gi'idag. Over there where there is (unexpectedly) something like along flat topped hill.

gi'igik see Num gi'ik= four gi'igivulk see Stat givulk= to be constricted. gi'ik Num [distr: gi'igik]: four
ex: gi'igik: four by four (in groups of four) --Mt o gi'igik 'u:'uid g 'u'us! Each one of you will get me four sticks! gamai gi'ik Num Expr: fourteen

gi'ikc'e/gi'ik 'e [g 'o:la] loc N/ NExpr: at four (o'clock)

ex: Gi'ikc'e/gi'ik 'e 'a pi:hun. At four o'clock I take a break.

gi'ik ha'icu vu Stat Expr: to go in sets of four

ex: no pi cum hekid u gi'ik ha'icu. because things always go in sets of four.

gi'ik[h]o Adv: four times

ex: Gi'ikho 'om(<'am)' cum vahammigid hega'i 'eve:nag. Four times he tried in vain to make his brother get up. --ia gi'ikho 'am hi: g 'o'odham, gi'ikho hob(<hab) 'e'a: g 'I'itoi k haha 'i jiva. Well, four times the men went there, four times 'I'itoi was asked before he finally came.

gi'ikhoho in gamai gi'ikhoho Adv Expr: fourteen times gi'ik[h]on da:m AdvExpr subst: four times in a row gi'ik-lial NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -gi'ik-lial=ga);pl: gi'igik-lial]: a half
dollar coin (four "reales")

gi'ik-lialga Stat Comp sing [mult: gi'igik-lialga]: to have a half dollar coin
ex: Nap ge gi'ik-lialga? Do you happen to have a half dollar coin? -- Nap ha'i gi'igiklialga? Do you have several half dollar coins?

gi'ikokam N subst: the fourth time

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gi'ikokam/ gi:gi'aad gi'ikokam vu StatExpr: to be the fourth time

ex:mo o(<vu) 'i gi'ikokam hega'i. that was the fourth time. --ia k hekaj u gi'ikokam [ku]t 'amje vo:p. Well, and this made it the fourth time (with it was the fourth time) that they ran from there.

gi'ikpa Adv: in four places

ex:'an ge gi'ikpa toonk. in four places there happened to be a ridge.

gi'im N subst in NComp: a string of (things strung together)

ko'okol-gi'im NComp alien [1st pers sg -ko'okol-gi'im=ga]: a string of chile peppers

gi'ipig Vtr [Neutr: def gi'ip; hort gi'ipig]: to remove the fat from obj
ex: Nt o gi'ip. I'll remove the fat from it.

gi'ip see Vtr gi'ipig= to remove the fat from obj

gi:-

gi: see Vintr gi'i-: to put on weight gi:gid Vtr Unit (for Repet see gigigid) [Neutr: def gi:g; hort and indef gi:gid. Correl:
gi:gid-k; immed: gi:gid-ka-'i. Dur: gi:gida-d. Interr: gi:gida-him]: to shake obj ex: Pt o gi:g! (You will) shake it! --Gam g hu 'i gi:gid! Shake it over there!

gi:gim s-Adv sg: fat

ex: Sgi:gim ma:s. It/he/she looks fat.

gi:gim s- N subst sg: one who is fat (same as s-gi:g[]cu) gi:gi'a/gi:g'ia Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-gi'a-) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-gi:gi'a]: to
hold each other by the hand (several groups of people) ex: Tt o tgi:gi'a! Let's hold each other by the hand!

gi:gi'aad Vtr Distr (for Unit sing see gi'aad, mult see gigiaad) [Neutr: def and
hort gi:gi'aad]: to put a handle, a string on obj ex:heg 'am 'i vipijink hekaj 'ab gi:gi'aad. having twirled it (with it), he strung it on each one of them (the bows).

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gi:gi'akc/ gi:kgi:gi'akc semi Stat reflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-gi:gi'akc. Dur: 'e-gi:gi'akci-d]: to be
holding one another by the hand

gi:gi'akcug Vreflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-gi:gi'akcug]: to move holding one another by
the hand

gi:g see Vtr gi:gid= to shake obj gi:g N alien mass [3rd pers sg: gi:gi=ga-j]: fat, tallow (before it is cooked; after it is
cooked, it is called manjug)

gi:g s- Adj sg: fat

ex: sgi:g oiga: a fat horse --hega'i sgi:g 'o'odham: that fat fellow

gi:g[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-gi:g; def s-gi:g=k. Dur: s-gi:g=ka-d. Interr: s-gi:g=kahim); pl: s-gigig]: to be fat ex: 'Al sgi:g. It/he is kind of fat . --a 'i sgi:g. He is rather fat. --Hek 'o hu sgak mo o(<vu) vecijc hemu haha va sgi:g. He used to be skinny when he was young but now he is fat. -- Heg 'am o bei mat o sgi:gkad. Down there, get the one that will be fat.

gi:g[]cu s- N subst sg: fat one (same as s-gi:gim) gi:k[h]o N aggreg: marigold (the plant) gi:k[h]o N indiv [pl: gigik[h]o]: crown, headband gi:k[h]oad Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort gi:khoad]: to put a crown on obj (see also
gi:kocud)

gi:khoag Stat sgs: to have a crown on, to be crowned (see also gi:kocudas) gi:khoag maad NExpr: the month of January (month of the marigolds) gi:k[h]o-hiosig NComp aggreg: marigold flowers gi:k N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: gi:ki-j); pl: gigk]: plow, digging stick gi:k-cimun NComp(?): plow tiller gi:k-mu'ukdag NComp(?): plowshare

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gi:kocud/ gogsga gi:kocud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def gi:koc; hort gi:kocud]: to crown obj (see also gi:khoad)
ex: T o gi:koc. He/they will crown him/her.

gi:kocudas Stat sgs: to be crowned (see also gi:khoag) gi:sobig/gi:sobag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of verdins, orioles in a single location gi:sob[] N alien aggreg [1st pers sg: -gisobi=ga]: a bird, verdin, oriole (also used as a
pet name for babies)

gi:o/ki:o (Span: queso) N sing [mult: gigo]: cheese

ex: Nap sna:k g gi:o? Do you like cheese? --gigo: several varieties of cheese.

gi:'i see Vintr gi'i-= to put on weight

go-

goggogsig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-gogogsig): to be full of dogs in various
locations

gogogs see N gogs= dog gogogsga see Stat gogsga= to have a dog gogogs haa:muddam NExpr aggreg: dog chaser(s) at feasts gogogsig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-goggogsig): to be full of dogs in a single
location

gogok see N go:k= track, footprints gogs N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg gogs=ga-j); pl: gogogs]: dog; a man without shame
'uvi-gogs NComp indiv [pl: 'u'uvi gogogs]: bitch 'uvi-gogs oiga NExpr [1st pers sg: 'uv-gogs n oiga]: female pet dog

gogsga Stat sing [mult: gogogsga]: to have a dog

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha gogsga. I don't have a dog. -- Hemako 'o(<'a) 'al gogsga. I have only one dog.

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gogsim/ gok[h]on gogsim s- Adv sg: like a dog gogskadma vu s- Stat Expr sgs: to appear to be a dog
ex: D(< vu) 'o a sgogskadma. I thought it was a dog.

gogsma s- Stat sgs: to act like a dog, to be shameless gogs-ma NComp alien: puppy gogsmakam s- N subst sg: one who is like a dog, one who is shameless gogs ma:ma NExpr: a litter of puppies (puppies of a single dog) Gogs Me:k subst NExpr: name of a village, Topawa (place where a dog burned) gogs-'o'odham NComp indiv: monkey (dog man) gohi N aggreg: mulberry bush formerly used in making bows; strawberry
bush; strawberries

gohig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of mulberry bushes, strawberry bushes, strawberries
in a single location

gohi-me VComp: to go and gather mulberry gohi-meli NComp: name of a rain dance gohi-sitol NComp mass: strawberry jam goikhim Vintr Interr sgs (for pls see go:goikhim): to limp
ex: Vat o goikhid g moiga. Your horse will be limping along.

gok[h]o Adv: twice, second time

ex: Gokho vake ta 'ab. She milks twice a day. --ia k hekaj gokho va 'i cum na:to g jevu. Well, and it was the second time that he unsuccessfully created the world. gamai gokoho AdvExpr: twelve times

gok[h]on da:m AdvExpr: twice in a row

ex: Gokhon da:m 'a hab kaij. I repeated (it) twice in a row.

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gokokam/ go:k gokokam N subst: second gokokam vu Stat Expr: to be second, the second time goyal (Span: collar) N: collar go'ogok see Mod go:k= two go'ogokhim Vintr Interr: to score two points at a time
ex: Go'ogokhim hega'i ba:baj. He keeps scoring two points at a time, his grandfather.

go'ogol see Adv go'ol= in the wrong place go'ol Adv sg [pl: go'ogol]: into the wrong place
ex: Go'ol vua. He put it in the wrong place.--Go'ol hi:. He went to the wrong place.

go:-

go:goikhim Vintr Interr pls (for sgs see goikhim): to limp go:k Num [distr: go'ogok]: two
ex: Go:k 'ant o ho(<ha)'i: g kokoba g u:dag. I'll drink two glasses of water. gamai go:k Num Expr: twelve gamai go:k 'e [g 'o:la] Adv Expr: at 12 (o'clock) ex: Nt o pi:hu gamai go:k 'e g 'o:la. I'll take a break at twelve o'clock.

go:kc'e/go:k 'e [g 'o:la] Adv Expr: at two (o' clock) go:kid Vreflex [Interr: 'e-go:kida-him]: to leave a track
ex: 'Ego:kidahim 'o. He is leaving a track.

go:k N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg go:ki-j); distr: gogok]: track, footprints
ex: go:k: my track -- hago:k: their track --hagogok: their tracks here and there --Ha'i ha'ua g mgo:k. Some of your footprints were erased. ba:ban-go:k NComp(?): name of a basket design (coyotes' track; same as ba:ban hago:k)

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go:k/ ha
ba:ban hago:k NExpr: name of a basket design (coyotes' track, also called ba:bango:k) ex: Hega'i 'uv 'o'ohonahim g ba:ban hago:k 'ehua 'ab. That woman is making a ba:ban hago:k design on her basket. 'I'itoi Go:k NExpr (?): name of a place ('I'itoi's footprints, also called 'I'itoi Ma:sk. According to the legend, the tracks are those of 'I'itoi and his pet deer)

go:k-lial NComp alien indiv sg [(1st pers sg -go:k-lial=ga); pl: go'ogok-lial]: quarter
(two "reales")

go:k-lialga StatComp sing: to have a quarter

ex: Nap g go:k-lialga? Do you happen to have a quarter?

go:kpa Adv: in two places, in two ways

ex: Totova 'an go:kpa vavpaig. There are two flocks of turkeys. --Go:kpa hab 'e'a'aga. It has two names (it is called two ways).

haha Part (indef quant) with mass noun referent (with aggregate or individual noun referents see ha'i): some, a little, partially, some of, a part of
ex: M g 'ep ha toa'i! Pour some more of it! --Nt o ho(<ha) sitol g nala. I'll make some marmalade. --M g ha vua'i g 'asugal vasib 'e! Put some granulated sugar in my drink! -Nt o ho(<ha) va: g cu'i. I'll mix some flour with water. --Nt o ho(<ha) navai g 'u:visga. I'll make some wine with my grapes. --'At ha vua g kula 'an mo'o 'an. He poured some medicine on my head. --Ha gei g 'o'ohia bi: 'e. Some sand fell in my food. --Nap 'am ha vu:pa g pa:ntaku? Do you(sg) put some baking powder (in it)?--Nt o ho(<ha) jevaj. I'll make some of it (cactus juice) ferment. --Nt o ho(<ha) 'i: g u:dag. I'll drink some water. --Ha-g-'i:'i! Have a drink (drink some of it)! -- 'An g 'ep ha vua'i g jevu! Put some more soil on (it)! --M 'ant ab o ho(<ha) hido g 'ia. I'll cook just some of my saguaro fruit pulp. -- Nt o ho(<ha) je:j. I'll have a smoke (I'll smoke some of it). -- Nt o ho(<ha) bei g lo:ba t o s'o'oik vo hema 'ipuc. I'll get a piece of material with designs to make me a dress. --..c hekaj 'ab u ha jevho, hega'i viappoi. ..and therefore he is part gopher, that boy. -- 'I ha mulid! Break a piece of it (a candy stick) for me! -- B(< 'ab) g 'i ha nonck! Chop off a piece of it for me! --Pt o ho(<ha) ma: g lu:lsi! Give me a piece of the candy (a candy bar or stick)! --B(<'ab) g ha vi'id g cu:kug! Leave me some ground meat! -- 'I ha vasbid g u:dag! Pour me some water (in a container)! - M g ha va'igid g saidi)! Put some gas in (the tank) for me! --M g ha vakeid g nala ! Squeeze me some orange juice! --Nt o ho(<ha) vagt. I'll dig a hole for a while. --Nt o ho(<ha) vo'iva. I'll lie down for a while.

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ha/ hadsidaku
pi... ha Part Expr: not at all, not any of ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) 'i ha vavahim. It is not quenching my thirst at all. --Pi 'i<'a) ha tok. I don't snore at all. --Pi' (<'ant) o ho(<ha) 'i:bhu. I won't breathe at all. --Pi 'o 'i hu ha heve 'i:ya'a. There is absolutely no wind here. -- Pi 'int<'ant) a 'i ha koi. I did not sleep at all. --Pi g a 'i ha 'iava! Don't spill any of it! --Pi 'int(<'ant) haha 'ep o ho(<ha) 'i: g navait. I won't drink any wine again.

hab, b (assim: heb, hib, hob, hub) Part of manner (indef) spec (for unspec see has):
without 'i: thus, in a certain way; with 'i: in a particular way ex: B(<hab) 'a kaij. That's what he said (hearsay). --B(<hab) 'ant o cei milignaj. I'll say it in English. -- Skaidam g iok matt hab o mka:! Speak loud so that we will hear you! -Nt o hikkumi'o g 'a'agaj t hab o pi ha'ahamak. I'll cut the ends of his horns so that he will not be nasty. --Pi 'o 'i hu ha heve 'i:ya'a kc 'oia hab sto. There is no wind here, that is why it's hot. --Pi 'int(<'ant) 'iagt g hua, 'oia hab pi huataag. I did not offer my (first) basket, that's why I am not a good basket maker. --Ns hab mu'i vo no'igcudad? Why should I make myself suffer that much? -- Ku hab siv g u:dag. That is why the water was said to be bitter. -- hab 'i shavk. That is why he is said to have been so light. --..hab masma ma a(<va) 'am hu hab hi a(<va) kaij. ..the way I already said before. --ia b(<hab) 'atp masma 'am hab 'i kaij g 'I'itoi. Well, this is what 'I'itoi said. -- ..b 'am hab a(<va) 'i kaij hega'i 'uv mo pi eid. ..the only thing the woman says is that she did not see it. -- S(<kus) voho hea'i hab masma skegaj ma 'a:ni'i? How could anybody be as handsome as I am? -- B(< hab) 'o masma him mo g haiva. He walks like a cow. -Sviakam cui hab masma mo g cu'i. She ground it as fine as flour. --Ku hab a(<va) masma a 'i s'e:bid. I, too (in the same way), am much afraid of her. -- ..hab ab 'i masma 'ab hab 'i ju:. ..the same thing exactly happened up there (just in that way it happened). -..c hekaj hab a(<va) 'i masma mapt o hi:. ..and therefore you should go (the only way is that you go). --B(< hab) 'ant a(<va) 'i masma hab o cei. That's all I will say.

hads see Vtr hadsid= to splash, sprinkle obj hads see Vtr hadsid= to rain lightly on obj hadsid Vtr sgo (for plo see hahadsid) [Neutr: def hads; hort and indef hadsid. Dur:
hadsida-d]: to splash, sprinkle obj

hadsid Vtr impers [Neutr: def hads]: to rain lightly, sprinkle, on obj (same as
si:bamad) ex: 'In ab 'al thads. It just kind of sprinkled on us.

hadsidaku N: sprinkler (instrument to sprinkle with)

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haam/ hap haam s- Stat sgs [pls: s-hahaam]: to be sticky

ex: Shaam 'o. It's sticky. -- Shahaam 'o. They are sticky.-- Mo'oj shaamc ga hu si 'i(<'e)haap. A stamp is sticky and can be glued (on to a surface). -- Shahaamc ga hu si 'i(<'e)hahaa 'e'ab. They are sticky and they got glued to each other.

ha N aggreg: sticker(s) ha see Vtr hap= to make obj adhere to, stick to a surface ha see Vreflex 'e-hap= to adhere, stick, get glued to a surface haakam N
aggreg: a variety of the cholla family, white cholla cactus haakamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of white cholla cacti in a single location

hap Vtr Unit sgo (for plo see hahaap) [Neutr: def ha ; hort hap[]]: to make
obj adhere, stick, on to a surface (such as sticking a stamp on an envelope, sealing a letter, putting a liquid on a surface) ex: Pt o ha g mo'oj. Put a stamp on it (an envelope)! -- N(<'an) g ha hap g alcohol 'an ke'idag 'ea! Put some alcohol on my bite!

hap Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-haap) sgs (for pls see 'e-haha[a]p)
[Neutr: def 'e-ha]: to adhere, stick, on to a surface ex: Kupt ababa ga hu o si 'i(<'e)ha heg'ab. But cling to it (press yourself hard against the surface of the cliff). --Shaamc ga hu si 'i<'e)ha. It's sticky and it got glued (to it). --matp 'am 'eha g 'e:'e. where the blood had gotten glued on to the rock.

hapa N inalien sg (for pl see hahapa): something in the process of being glued
onto a surface ex: mhapa: that thing which you are glueing onto a surface

hapaku N: glue (instrument with which to glue) hapi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hapi'o; hort hapi'ok]: to detach obj which is
adhering, glued, to a surface (as when unsealing a letter)

hapi'ok Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-hapi'o]: to come off, detach oneself from a
surface (to which the referent was glued)

hap see Vtr hap= to make obj adhere, stick, onto a surface

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hap[]/ hahadsid hap[] Stat sgs [pls: hahap[]]: to be glued, stuck onto a surface, to adhere
ex: Ha'icu 'ab 'ab hap. Something is adhering to him. --No g hu si hap? Is it firmly glued down (a sheet of linoleum)? --No g hu si hahap?Are they firmly glued down ?

haap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-hap) sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-haap]: to
adhere, cling, get glued onto a surface repeatedly ex: Mo'oj shaamc ga hu si 'i(<'e)haap. A stamp is sticky and can be glued.

hava Vintr sgs (for pls see hahava) [Neutr: indef hava. Dur: hava-d]: to belch
ex: Pi g 'am havad! Don't be belching continually!

hagto Vintr sgs (for pls see hahagto) [Neutr: def hagto. Interr: hagto-him]: to burn
all the way, to become extinguished ex: Hagto g ki:. The house burned all the way. --matp 'ab hagto hega'i ku'ag. where that wood had burnt all the way. -- Hagto g kanjul. The candle has burnt all the way. -- Hagtohim 'o. The fire is dying (it is in the process of burning all the way).

haha, aha, vaha (indef) Part: without 'i: at the time specified by the context ( now,
then, in the future); with 'i: at the particular time specified by the context (right now, still, immediately before, right after) ex: 'An aha ge dakpo. Now he has a mustache ( it is surprising because he did not used to). --ia'a, haha va 'ap hi a(<va) pi ma:s hi a'a(<va'a). Well, now you are completely invisible. --Cuhugc'ea 'o vaha pi jijivha! Now he comes here every night! --Nap aha pi je:? You don't smoke any more? --B(<'ab) 'a aha cikpanahim 'ab vui 'a aha. I was working for him at the time. --..pi ha'icu 'an hu haha vo s'e:bidad haha va`'a. ..(you) will not be afraid of anything in the future. --M 'ant hab o 'ip mjuidka'ik haha vo hi:. As soon as I have done it for you, I'll go (I'll do it for you and then I'll go). --..tp 'am aha hema 'ep 'a:'ad g 'o'odham. ..then, they sent another fellow down there. --N(<'an) 'a aha 'i o:mahim. I am still sewing it.--..mat g 'ali haha vo 'ol(<'al) 'i i'oktahidc ab has 'am o 'ol(<'al) kaij. ..before a child is able to talk he just makes unintelligible sounds. -- Mal:ya mat haha vo 'i bei g 'ali. Mary who was on the verge of giving birth. --..gi'ikho ko:kk gm hu haha va 'i dada. ..they camped four times and then they got there. hemu haha Part Expr: now ex: Cum 'a sje:kahimc hemu haha pi je:. I used to smoke a lot but now I don't smoke any more. -- Hek 'o hu sgak mo (<vu) vecijc hemu haha va sgi:g. He was skinny before when he was young but now he is fat.

haha Postp: after obj

ex: M g 'i:'i, nt mhaha 'ep hi o 'i:! Drink it, I'll drink after you!

hahadsid Vtr plo (for sgo see hadsid) [Neutr: indef hahadsid]: to splash, sprinkle, obj
ex: M(<'am) g 'i hahadsid g 'ega! (Could you) sprinkle the clothes!

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hahaam/ hahai hahaam see Stat s-haam= to be sticky haha[a]p Vtr plo (for sgo see hap) [Neutr: def haha[a]; hort haha[a]p[]]: to
make obj adhere, stick, to a surface (such as when sticking stamps, sealing envelopes)

haha[a]p Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-hap) [Neutr: def 'e-haha[a] indef 'ehaha[a]p]: to adhere, cling, get glued, onto a surface ex: Shahaamc ga hu si 'i<'e)hahaa 'e'ab. They are sticky and they got glued to each other.--Mo:mij 'o shahaamc ga hu si 'i(<'e)hahaap. Stamps are sticky and can be glued (to a surface). --Tp 'am hab g 'e:'e-mehidag 'am 'al 'ehahaap hohodai da:m. Drops of charred blood had gotten stuck on the rocks.

hahapa N inalien pl (for sg see hapa): things being glued onto a surface
ex: mhahapa: things which you are gluing onto a surface

hahap[] see Stat hap[]: to be glued onto a surface hahava see Vintr hava: to belch hahage Vintr Repet (for Unit see ha:g) sgs [Neutr: indef hahage. Dur: hahaged. Interr:
hahage-him]: to melt, thaw repeatedly (as of ice or snow on the ground) ex: Hahage g gev da:m jujjud. The ice/snow always melts at noon. --Hahagehim 'o g gev. The ice/ snow has been melting away.

hahagid Vtr Repet (for Unit see ha:gid) sgo [Neutr: indef hahagid]: to melt obj
repeatedly (as of a pack of lard) ex: Hahagid 'a g gi:g. I always melt lard.

hahagto Vintr pls (for sgs see hagto) [Neutr: def hahagto. Interr: hahagto-him]: to
burn all the way, to become extinguished ex: Hahagto g kakanjul. The candles have burnt all the way.

hahain Vtr mult (for sing see hain) [Neutr: def hahai; hort hahain]: to split, crack obj
in several places ex: Pt o si 'e'ea hahahai! Split them in half! --Ha-g-e'ea-hahain! Split them in half!

hahain Vreflex mult [Neutr: def 'e-hahai; indef 'e-hahain]: to crack in several places, to
get several cracks ex: Haha'a 'atk 'ehahai. The ollas are cracked. --Tp ba'ic si 'ehahain hega'i vav. The cliff got more cracks (cracked more).

hahai see Stat hai= to have a crack

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hahai/ hahaukag hahai s- Stat: to have several cracks hahaiid Vreflex tr mult [Neutr: def 'e-hahai]: to break off pieces from obj for oneself
ex: 'E'ea o 'ehahai! (you will) break off a piece of it in half for yourself!

hahaiig see compounds -haiig: a piece of (something) broken off hahais see Vdtr hahaisid: to break obj into small pieces for somebody hahaisid Vdtr [Neutr: def hahais; hort hahaisid]: to break obj into small pieces for
somebody ex: Nt o mhahais. I'll break it into small pieces for you.

hahaisig in ha'icu hahaisig NExpr aggreg: small pieces, crumbs of something

pa:n-hahaisig NComp(?) aggreg: breadcrumbs

hahai Vtr mult (for sing see hai) [Neutr: indef hahai]: to split, crack obj in several
places with reiterated blows

hahai Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-hai) [Neutr: indef 'e-hahai]: to get several
cracks from reiterated blows

hahaia N alien aggreg [1st pers sg: -hahaia=ga]: squash cut into slices hahaiva see N haiva= cattle hahaivaga Stat Distr (for Unit see haivaga): to have cattle
ex: Hehe'ekia 'am 'i hahaivaga? How many head of cattle does each one of you have?

hahaivagakam see N subst haivagakam: one with cattle hahaju see N haju= relative(s) hahak[h]o, hahakko see N hak[h]o= head ring hahakva[a]dag see Stat s-ha:kva[a]dag= to have a lot of mistletoe hahal see N ha:l= squash, pumpkin hahasko see Adv hasko= in an unknown, indetermined place hahaa see N ha:a= saguaro cactus hahaa see N haa= a type of basket hahaukag (assim of *hahavkag) in ha'icu hahaukag NExpr: lungs of an animal
haiva-hahaukag NComp(?): cow lungs

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hahaukaj/ haha'u hahaukaj (assim of *hahavkaj) N: lungs of a specified animal (its lungs) hahav N inalien [1st pers sg hahav]: lungs of a person hahava see N hava= crow hahavaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hahhavaig): to be full of crows in a
single location

hahavul see N havul= lima beans hahavul see N havul= knot hahavul see Stat havul= to have a knot haha'a see N ha'a= bottle, pot, olla haha'akia see Mod ha'akia= of a certain (large) amount, number haha'akiaj see Stat ha'akiaj= to constitute a certain (large) amount, number haha'ama see Stat s-ha'ahama= to be mean, bad tempered haha'amat Vintr pls (for sgs see ha'ahamat) [Neutr: def haha'amat]: to become
mean, bad tempered, enraged

haha'as see Mod ha'as = of a certain size haha'asig see Stat ha'asig= to be of a certain size haha'aso Vintr pls (for sgs see ha'aso) [Neutr: def and hort haha'aso; imper haha'asoyo]: to stop (working) ex: Tt o haha'aso gi'ik 'e g 'o:la. We'll stop at four o'clock.

haha'aso Vintr pls (for sgs see ha'aso) [Neutr: hort and indef haha'aso]: to stop
(working) ex: Pi g o a 'i haha'aso! Don't stop (working)! -- Gi'ik 'e 'ac haha'aso! We usually stop (our work) at four.

haha'ataku see N ha'ataku= tool for making pots haha'avok see Adj havok= bushy, knobby, big haha 'ep PartExpr: again
ex: Pt haha 'ep o siad. You will recover your good sight (you will see well again).-- Pi 'int(<'ant) haha 'ep o ho(< ha) 'i: g navait. I will not drink wine any more.

haha'u see N ha'u= dipper

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hahha/ hai hahha see Vintr hahhag= to melt, thaw hahhag Vintr pls (for sgs see ha:g) [Neutr: def hahha; indef hahhag. Dur: hahhaga-d.
Interr: hahhag[i]-him]: to melt, thaw (as ice cubes or patches of ice or snow on the ground) ex: Tk o hahha g gev. The ice cubes are going to melt. --Hahhaghim 'o g gev. The ice cubes are melting/patches of ice or snow on the ground are melting.--B(<vab) o hahhagad. They will just be melting (ice cubes as when they are taken out of the refrigerator).

hahhagid Vtr plo (for sgo see ha:gid) [Neutr: def hahhag; hort and indef hahhagid]:
to melt obj (as of several packs of lard)

hahhag see Vtr hahhagid= to melt obj hahhava see N hava= crows hahhavaig s-Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-havaig): to be full of crows in
several locations

hahupal see N haupal= chicken hawk hai see Vtr hain= to split, crack obj hai see Vreflex 'e-hain= to crack, get a crack hain Vtr sing (for mult see hahain) [Neutr: def hai; hort hain; imper sgs haina-]: to
crack, split obj in one place ex: Nt o hai hega'i hodai. I'll crack that rock. --Nt o 'ea hai g hodai. I'll split the rock in half. --Haina! Crack it!

hain Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-hahain) [Neutr: def 'e-hai. Correl: 'e-hain-k;
immed: 'e-hain-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-haina-him]: to crack, to get a crack in one place ex: voto 'at 'ehain. My button is broken (got a crack).--Ha'a 'atk 'ehai. The olla has a crack.--Si 'ehai hega'i vav. A deep crack opened in the surface of the cliff (the cliff cracked a lot). --Tp ba'ic si 'ehai hega'i vav. The crack in the surface of the cliff increased (the cliff cracked more). 'am ab 'ehaink 'am ab ge s'ap u him. after (the rock) had gotten a crack the going was surprisingly good. -- 'Ehainahim 'o. It is getting a crack.

hai N indiv [sg (loc: hai-c-'e); pl: hahai]: a crack, a split hai Stat sing [mult: hahai]: to have a crack
ex:hasko 'ob(<'ab) o 'ol(<'al) haikad. whenever there is a kind of a crack.

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hai/ haivagakam hai see Vdtr haiid= to break a piece off obj for somebody haiid Vdtr sing [Neutr: def hai; hort haiid]: to break a piece off obj for somebody
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) mhai. I'll break a piece off it (bread) for you. -- Nt o 'ea mhai g cemait. I'll break the big tortilla in half for you (I'll give you half of it and keep the other half).

haiig in ha'icu haiig NExpr: a piece broken off something

ha'a-haiig NComp(?) indiv [pl: ha'a-hahainig]: piece of a broken olla ex:'am 'ep ka:c g ha'a-haiig veco. also on the ground below it was lying a piece of a broken olla. pa:n-haiig NComp(?) indiv [pl: pa:n-hahaiig]: a piece of bread

haik N subst sing: place having a crack hai Vtr sing (for mult see hahai) [Neutr: indef hai]: to split, crack obj in one place
with reiterated blows

hai Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-hahai) [Neutr: indef 'e-hai]: to get a crack in one
place from reiterated blows

haiva N alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg haiva=ga-j, loc: haiva-t-'ab; instr: haiva-kaj;
instr reflex: 'e-haiva=ga-kaj); distr: hahaiva (dial hahiva)]: cattle, herd ex: Nt o ho(<ha)mu'idaj g haivaga. I'll increase my herd (the number of my cattle). -Mt o ho(<ha)pipsal g 'ehahaivaiga! Each one of you will weigh his own cattle! 'oks-haiva NComp indiv [pl: 'o'ok-haiva]: old cow 'uv-haiva NComp indiv [pl: 'u'uv-haiva]: young cow

haiva-bi:t NComp alien mass: cow manure haiva-cu:kug NComp alien: beef (cow flesh)
ex: Hab ju: mac 'in g haiva-cu:kug hab vua. He did with it what we around here do with beef.

haivaga Stat Unit (for Distr see hahaivaga): to have cattle

ex: P he'ekia 'i haivaga? How many head of cattle do you(sg) have?

haivagakadma s- V subst: to appear to have a lot of cattle

ex: K hab hi shaivagakadma. I thought he had a large herd

haivagakam N subst: one having cattle

Pi-ha-Haivagakam NComp (?): a nickname (the one without cattle)

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haivagakam/ hakko haivagakam s- N subst sg [pl: hahaivagakam]: one having a lot of cattle haivaig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of cows in a single location haju N inalien aggreg [(1st pers sg -haju); distr: hahaju]: relative(s)
ex: go:k haju= two of my relatives (in one village) -- go:k hahaju= two of my relatives (in different villages) --mapt o ho(< ha)'amog 'ehaju. that you will harangue your relatives. si haju NExpr inalien aggreg [distr: si hahaju ]: blood relative(s) ex: si haju= my blood relative(s) (in one place) -- si hahaju= my blood relatives (in several places)

hak[h]o/hakko N indiv [pl: hahak[h]o/hahakko]: head ring (a yucca ring used to carry
an olla on the head)

hak[h]o/hakko Stat sing: to have a head ring hakiba N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg hakibaa-j)]: deceased paternal uncle (father's
younger brother)

hakima N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg hakimaa-j); pl: ha:kima (elis of
*hahakima)]: nephew, niece (older brother's child; the reciprocal terms are hakit and vovit)

hakima-je'e (elis of *hakima-je'e) NComp inalien indiv: spouse of one's hakima

(older brother's child) ; one's spouse's hakit (father's younger brother), or vovit (father's younger sister)

hakit N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg hakita-j); pl: ha:kit (elis of *hahakit)]: paternal
uncle (father's younger brother; the reciprocal term is hakima)

hakiva Vintr [Neutr: def, hort and indef hakiva. Dur: hakiva-d]: to act as hakiv[a]dam
during the Vi:gida ceremony

hakiv[a]dam N subst: name of the four children (two boys and two girls) who play the
part of the four sacrificed children during the Vi:gida ceremony. The boys hold bows and arrows; the girls hold corn. They have to stand motionless all day except for the times when they perform certain dances.

hakko see N hak[h]o= head ring

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hakkocud/ hanam[]hakkocud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def hakkoc; hort hakkocud]: to make a head ring out of obj
for somebody

hakkot Vtr sing: to make a head ring out of obj ham in si ham Part Expr: with difficulty
ex: Nat ab(<vab) si ham hab o 'o(<'e)ju:? Is it going to happen with difficulty? pi si ham Part Expr: without difficulty, with ease ex: Pi si ham 'eju:. It happened without difficulty.--a 'i pi si ham 'eju:. It happened very easily.

ham in 'i ham ['al] Part Expr: (somewhat) better than at present
ex: Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o na:to, t pi ham o 'ol(<'al) kegajk. Soon I'll have it finished, it will be somewhat prettier than now. -- 'I ham o skegajk. It will be much prettier than now.

hambogid Vtr [Neutr: def hambog; hort hambogid]: to deliver a hambogi ni'ok
for obj (such as a sick person)

hambogim s- Adv: in a muttering, humming, way hambogi i'ok NExpr (?): a certain type of speech (delivered in a muttering/
humming fashion)

hambog see Vtr hambogid= to deliver a hambogi i'ok for obj hamon (Span: jamon) N: ham
hamon-ga'i NComp: roasted ham

hanamig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of cholla cacti in a single location

to:ta-hanamig s-Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of jumping cholla cacti in a single location

hanami-gakidag NComp (?): dried out cholla hanam[] N aggreg: cholla cactus (Opuntia arborescens)
cehedag-hanam[] NComp aggreg: a variety of cholla, rippled cholla cactus (green) to:ta-hanam[] NComp aggreg: a variety of cholla, jumping cholla cactus (white)

hanam[]-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: cholla bud

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hanam[]-/ hascu hanam[]-'i:bdag NComp aggreg: cholla fruit hapod (dial: hapoid) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg hapoda-j; instr hapod-kaj); pl:
ha:pod (elis of *hahapod)]: arrow ex:c g 'ehapodkaj 'an a hiva. and with his arrow he acts as if he were stroking it (as if he were playing on a violin).

hapod (dial: hapoid) Stat sing [mult: ha:pod (elis of *hahapod)]: to have an arrow hapodcud (dial: hapoidcud) Vdtr sing (for mult def see ha:podcud) [Neutr: def
hapodc; hort hapodcud]: to make an arrow out of obj for somebody

hapodt (dial: hapoidt) Vtr sing (for mult see ha:podt) [Neutr: def and hort hapodt]: to
make an arrow out of obj

hapoid see N hapod= arrow hapoidcud see Vdtr hapocud= to make an arrow out of obj for somebody has Part indef unspec (for spec see hab): without 'i: in some unspecified or strange way;
with 'i: in an unspecified or strange way (see also a:[-]) ex: K has kaij g u:dag? What kind of a sound does water make? --K has ce:gig 'i:da'a? What is the name of this? --k hab a(<va) 'i masma mapt hab masma vo cikpanad ma has masma hekaj hega'i 'ega. and the only way is that you use it the way in which I used it when it was mine. -- B(<hab) kaij: 'Am 'o ha'icu has cu'ig; ha'icu 'atk has 'eju: 'ama'i. He said: There is something strange down there; something strange has happened down there. 'an has Part Expr: around randomly ex: 'an has bijimhim u:dag ve:gaj. he walks around the water randomly. 'in has Part Expr: in a random circle ex: 'In hi a(<va) has dade hega'i 'u'uvhig. That bird keeps flying around and around (I don't know why). --c 'in has 'ep o himad. and she will walk around and around. 'in has ha'oidahim. they follow them (the wild horses) in random circle.

hascu Pr indef inanim unspec (for inanim spec see ha'icu; for anim spec see hea'i)
[loc: hascu-k-'ab; instr: hascu-kaj]: without 'i; something, things; with 'i, (a) particular thing(s) ex: Hascuk'ab huhhag g pilka? On what does he usually haul wheat? --Pi 'e'amicud mas hascuk'ab hebi o dahiva. He does not know on what (spot) to settle down. --P hascukaj hi:k g hu:?With what do you(sg) cut corn? -- K hascukaj u ma:kai? What is his specialty (of what is he a doctor)? --Kumt 'am o a(<va) 'eei mams hascukaj o 'o(<'e)ve:gidk. You(pl) will find out what you'll use for light. --K hascu u(<vu) 'am tvehejid? In what way does this concern us? --P hascu cum je:? What (brand of

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hascu/ hashu 'e-vua

cigarette) did you use to smoke? -- K hascu ku'a g haiva 'i:na'a? What do the cattle eat around here? --K hascu 'am u:dagig heg 'ea ha'a? What kind of liquid is in that bottle down there? -- Kut hascu has o 'o<'e)ju:? What will happen? --Kus hascu hab o 'u:vkad? (I wonder) what kind of smell it is? --Nap sma:c map hascu tacu? Do you know what you want --B(<hab) g ju mant hascu 'am hab o 'i 'a:. Do what I'll say! --..hab a(< va) kaij mant 'am o 'em'a: hega'i mo hascu 'i hab 'i 'a:g. ..he said that I should tell you(pl) what he said. --..mans hascu 'i 'i tacu. ..there is nothing I want here. --..matp hascu 'i cum shama:kim. ..that they were willing to give them whatever they wanted. -ia k 'am 'i ves na:nk g ves ha'icu matp hascu 'i cum 'al 'ega, hega'i uv. Well, and he matched it all with everything whatsoever that he possessed, that Buzzard. --..'app 'am hascu 'al 'i na:to g lial. ..any kind of money you made. -- 'A kups hascu u(<vu) 'i hemajkam? What kind of a person are you, I wonder? -- Ku pi ma:c hascu u 'o'odham kuts 'am 'a:'ad. I don't know what kind of a man they sent there. --..tp hascu u(<vu) 'i kakampan. ..they were some kind of bells. --'Atp u ab ge hascu 'i ma:s. They had an unfamiliar appearance. --Hascu 'utp(<'atp) u 'i hemajkam. They were some kind of people.--..matp hascu u(<vu) 'i ha'ega mo (< vu) snamkig ha'icu. ..whatever they owned of some value. cum hascu Pr Expr: anything ex: b(<vab) cum hascu= just anything

hascu 'a:gc see 'a:gc hascu 'a:gk see 'a:gk hascu 'i Stat Expr [Neutr: def hascu 'i=k]: to be in some particular location
ex: 'As hascu 'ik 'aba'i. What could have been there, I wonder.

hascu 'i vu Stat Expr [Neutr: def vu hascu 'i=k]: to be some particular thing
ex: Nat 'am o 'a:g matp hascu u(<vu) 'ik? Is he going to tell me what it is?

hascu 'i hega'i vu Stat Expr [Neutr: def vu hascu 'i hega'i=k]: to be of some
(unspecified) particular importance

hashu cece VExpr: to keep making some unintelligible noises, to talk nonsense
ex: ..k 'am 'ep si hashu cece. ..and again they (the owls) make repeated unintelligible noises. -- C hekid am 'i tje:gidk hemho 'am hu ab hashu 'am cece. Every time he addresses us at a meeting he just talks nonsense.

hashu 'e-vua VExpr: to act in an unknown, uncommon nonsensical fashion

ex: ..'ep 'aptp a vab hashu 'evuadc hab hehem. ..again as usual you must be doing something nonsensical since you are laughing.

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hasig/ haacud hasig s- Stat: to be difficult

ex: a 'a<'o) va 'i si shasig. It is quite difficult.--Pi 'o peheg, shasig 'o. It's not easy, it's difficult. --Pi vo hasigk mveheji. It will not be difficult for you.

hasigam s- Mod: with difficulty, difficult

ex: a 'at a(<va) 'i si shasigam hab o ju:. He will do it with much difficulty. --Nt ab pi hasigam hab ju:. I had no difficulty in doing it. -- Pi hasigam o bei. It will be difficult to get it/him. --a 'at a(<va) 'i si shasigam ha'icu hab o 'a:. He will ask something very difficult (to do). -- D(<vu) 'o si shasigam cikpan. It's very hard work.

hasko, a:ko Adv indef [distr: hahasko]: without 'i in some unknown, unspecified
place; with 'i in an unknown, unspecified place ex: a:ko hob(<hab) ha'ap? In which direction? -- a:ko 'ont(<'ant) hab ha'ap o me:? In which direction shall I run/ drive? ---'A kut hasko hob(<hab) me:? Where on earth did he run/go by car? -- Kunt o hasko hi:. I will go somewhere. -- Cum hekid gm hu 'i jujjud 'a hasko hihhim. Every afternoon I take a walk (I go somewhere on foot). --Kunt o ceadk 'ab 'ab o hasko pasamam. I'll climb on his back in order to take a leisurely ride. --Bei 'ant g cikpan hasko hi a'a(<va'a). I got a job somewhere (I don't want to say where). --..mat 'e'an hasko 'an o 'o<'e)ki'iapad. ..that he will keep on biting himself somewhere on himself. --..c gn hu hasko 'ep 'a'aga mat 'ab o 'i ce g ta. ..and he points to another place up there where the sun will rise. -- Hahasko 'ebidpi'o ki: 'ea. Here and there on the walls of my house (inside my house) the paint /plaster has come off.--'..in hi hahasko m'an hab cu'ig. .. here and there around here where they are.

haskoji Adv indef: from an unknown, unspecified place

ex: T haskoji o mead g viapo'oge'el, 'i a vo mhu: k 'i a vo 'eki:kamc. From whatever place a young man may come (running) he will eat you (corn) and as a consequence will become a permanent resident. --..pi heba'i apkog hega'i do'ag mas haskoji 'am o 'ece. ..nowhere does the mountain offer any access from which it could be climbed.

has 'i ju NExpr inalien [(1st pers sg: has 'i n-ju); distr: has 'i ju:ju]: relative(s) has 'i:mig NExpr inalien [(1st pers sg: has -'i:mig; 3rd pers sg: has 'i:miga-j); distr:
has 'i'imig]: in-law(s)

haa N inalien indiv [pl: hahaa/ha:a]: a type of basket (of the twined style of
weaving)

haa Stat sing: to have a haa basket haacud Vdtr sing: to make a haa basket out of obj for somebody

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haat/ havul haat Vtr sing: to make a haa basket out of obj hauk (assim of *havk) s- Stat sgs [Neutr: indef, def s-hauk); pls: s-haupk]: to be light hauk (assim of *havk) s- Adj sg [pl: s-haupk]: light hauk in [s-]hauk-vainom[] NComp aluminum (light metal) haukma (assim of *havkma) s- Stat sgs [pls: s-haupkma]: to be agile, light on one's feet
(similar to s-cu'ajma)

haukmakam (assim of *havkmakam) s- N subst sg: one who is agile, light on his feet
(similar to s-cu'ajmakam)

haupal N alien aggreg [distr: hahupal]: chicken hawk haupk see s-hauk= light haupk see Stat s-hauk= to be light haupkma see Stat s-haukma= to be agile, light on one's feet hauppu see N ha'u= dipper hava N indiv sg [pl: hahava; distr: hahhava]: white necked raven, crow
ex: Ha'i gm hu e: g hahava. A few crows flew away.

hava-ta:ta NComp aggreg: gentians (crow feet) havok Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def havok); pls: haha'avok]: to be bushy (hair),
knobby (knees), big

havok Adj sg [pl: haha'avok]: bushy, knobby, big

ex: havok mo'okam: one with bushy hair --haha'avok mo:mim: ones with bushy hair.

havoka Vintr sgs [Neutr: def havoka]: to become bushy (hair), to become knobby
(knees) 'e-mo'o havoka VExpr: to become nauseated from eating fat (to have one's hair become bushy) ex: mo'o 'at havoka. I feel nauseated (it got my hair bushy).

havul N indiv [pl: hahavul]: knot

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havul/ ha'adkadc havul Stat sing [mult: hahavul]: to have a knot

ex: He'ekia 'an 'i hahavul g mpa:do? How many knots does your handkerchief

havul N alien aggreg [distr: hahavul]: lima beans havul see Vtr havul[i]d= to tie a knot with obj havul[i]d Vtr sing [Neutr: def havul; hort havulid; imper sgs havulda-]: to tie, make a
knot with obj ex: Pt o havul g mbaoag! Tie a knot with your apron! -- Nt o havul g pa:da. I'll make a knot with my handkerchief. --N(<'an) g havulid g 'epa:da! Make a knot with your handkerchief!

ha'a N alien/inalien indiv [sg (reflex 'e-ha'a[=ga]; loc: ha'a-c-'e); pl: haha'a]: bottle,
pot, olla (container for liquids) ex: Hascu 'am u:dag g'ea ha'a? What is the bottle full of? (what is the liquid in the bottle?)-- Ba:p dada g 'eha'a? Where do you put your olla?

ha'a Stat sing: to have an olla, pot, bottle (a container for liquid)
ex: 'As hascu 'ik 'aba'i, ha'a 'atp. (I don't know) what could have been there, maybe she had an olla.

ha'a in huas-ha'a NComp indiv [pl: huas-haha'a]: dish, plate ha'acud Vdtr sing: to make a pot, an olla out of obj for somebody ha'a-daiku NComp alien indiv [sg (reflex: 'e-ha'a-daiku=ga; loc: ha'a-daiku-t-'an)]:
olla stand ex: 'An 'a dada ha'a-daikut'an 'am vatto veco. I put it (the olla) on the olla stand under the ramada.

ha'a-da:phiunaku NComp indiv [pl: ha'a-dadaphiunaku]: polishing stones (used in

finishing the surface of pots)

ha'adkad Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ha'adka; hort 'e-ha'adkad]: to open one's mouth wide
ex: Pt o si 'i(<'e)ha'adka! (You will) open your mouth real wide! -- Si 'i 'i(<'e)ha'adkad! (Why don't you) open your mouth real wide!

ha'adkadc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-ha'adkadc. Dur: 'e-ha'adkadci-d]: to have
one's mouth wide open

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ha'ahama/ ha'akko ha'ahama s- Stat sgs [pls: s-haha'ama]: to be mean, bad tempered
ex: Sha'ahama 'o g toolo. The bull is mean. --Shaha'ama 'o g totlo. Bulls are mean. --Pi 'o ha'ahama. He is not mean. --Pi 'o haha'ama. They are not mean.

ha'ahamacud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ha'ahamac; hort ha'ahamacud]: to make obj get
mean, bad tempered, to madden obj ex: Pi g 'am ha'ahamcud! Don't get him mad!

ha'ahamakam s- N subst sg: one who is mean, bad tempered ha'ahamat Vintr sgs (for pls see haha'amat) [Neutr: def ha'ahamat]: to become
mean, bad tempered, enraged

ha'ahog in 'u:pam ha'ahog 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to project oneself back in the past
ex: Nt a 'im 'u:pam ha'ahog 'i vua. I relived the recent past.

ha'ak[h]o see ha'asko ha'akia Mod [pl/distr: haha'akia]: without 'i: of about a certain amount, number; with 'i:
a certain amount, number ex: ha'akia hevel: a certain amount of wind --'1 a(<va) ve:c g lial, ha'akia lial. Here is (lies) the money, a considerable amount of money.-- 'Apt has masma hab juk hab ha'akia ha'icu doakam hacu:kug 'i hab cu'ig? How did you manage to get that amount of (animal) meat as there is here? -- Kunt ha'akia ha'icu 'am hab 'i mju. I have solved a certain amount of problems (things) for you. --..m'am ha'akia ha'icu 'i 'ega g navijhu. ..the paraphenalia (the number of things of all kinds) that belong to the navijhu. --Ha'akia 'i hemajkam s'emamcim 'i hab cum 'evua. A number of clever people (people who were knowledgeable) have tried in vain (to beat me). --Ha'akia 'i cevag 'an hab cu'ig, 'ea pi ju:. There were a certain amount of clouds, but it did not rain.

ha'akiaj Stat [pls: haha'akiaj]: without 'i: to be of about a certain amount, number; with
'i: to constitute a certain amount, number ex: Ha'akiaj 'o g kakavyu. There is a certain number of horses. --Ha'akiaj 'i g kakavyu? How many horses are there?

ha'akid Adv: last year

ex: Ha'akid 'a shoho'id mant 'am o hi: Cuk-on vui. Last year I enjoyed going to Tucson.

ha'akko see ha'asko

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ha'ap/ ha'as ha'ap (dial: ha'ag) Adv: in a certain way, direction (specified by context)
ex: vesko ha'ap= in every direction (on all sides). --Ha'ap 'o masma hab 'e'a'aga. That's the way it is called. --Ptk a ha'ap a 'i 'okmait. You've become a middle-aged woman. - 'ea ha'ap vo'o hega'i ge'ecu k g 'alicu ha'ap vo'o. at the time, in one direction was lying the eldest, in the other was lying the youngest. -- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans heba'i ha'ap o hi:. I don't know in what direction to go.--a:ko 'ont<'ant) hab ha'ap o me:? In what direction shall I run? -- Ha'ap g 'i kekiva! Turn around (stand the other way)! ga [hu] hab ha'ap Adv Expr: just on the other side of ex: San Miguel ga hab ha'ap= just on the other side of San Miguel. --Ga 'att hu hab hig ha'ap o gegokiva! Let's stop on the other side! g[a]m [hu] hab ha'ap Adv Expr: on the other side of ex: Ha:a Ke:k gami hab ha'ap= on the other side of Ha:a Ke:k. --'am me: gami hab ha'ap ka:ck vui. he ran toward the ocean, on the other shore (side). --M 'ant o 'i himc g ndaiku gm hu ha'ap. I'll move my chair on the other side. 'i hab ha'ap Adv Expr: in this direction, this side of ex: Ha:a Ke:k 'i hab ha'ap= this side of Ha:a Ke:k. --..m'am San Miguel 'i hab ha'ap. ..that is down there this side of San Miguel. -- 'am me: i hab ha'ap ka:ck vui. ..he ran toward the ocean on this shore (side). 'im hab ha'ap Adv Expr: right back, right in the back of ex: 'Im g hab ha'ap 'i 'ep ia'i! Look back (of you) again! 'am ha'ap 'evu:pa VExpr reflex Repet sgs: to think about the past ex: Nap heba'i 'am ha'ap 'i 'i(<'e)vu:pac 'am 'i 'i(<'e)cegtohim? Do you(sg) sometime think about the past (put yourself in the past and think)?

ha'apji Adv: from a certain (specified) direction

ex: ..k hega'i pa:la 'ab kei 'i hab ha'apji. ..and he stuck the shovel in there from this side.

ha'as Adv: to be through, stop, doing something

ex: Napt ha'as je:j? Are you through with your cigarette (smoking it)? --ha'as o e'ek 'am o dahaiva. having stopped singing and dancing they will sit down. -- Ha'as a(<va) siv. It stopped crackling. --Ha'as 'ant o a(<va) io. I'll stop talking. --Ha'as g a(< va) cikpan! Stop working! --Ha'as g a(<va) 'ebahigid! Stop wagging your tail!

ha'as Mod [pl/distr: haha'as]: without 'i: of about a certain size; with 'i: of a certain size
ex: Ha'as 'o a(<va) ge'ej. He is of a fair size.--Heg 'a tacu mat ha'as o cevajkad. I want it to be of a fair length. --'Al ha'as 'egegusid. She eats a fair amount. --..c heg vab ha'as u 'al 'i do'ag, hega'i Ce:mo'od. ..and that Red Rock is kind of mountain of a fair size. --Ha'as 'i ce'ecev na:nk. It (the rabbit) has ears of a fair length. -- Ha'as 'i ce'ecev 'a'ag. It (the deer) has antlers of a fair length. -- ..'am hab o vo: 'ama'i k ha'as 'i nai 'ida. ..they will set up camp down there and then make a fair size fire. --..'ida hab a(<va) 'i 'eju: mapt ha'as hab a(<va) 'i 'ena:to g 'o'odham. ..now it has happened that you have reached the size of a grown man. --Ha'as 'i 'u:kag. There is a fair size temporary house. --Ha'as 'i vonom. He has a fair size hat (on).

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ha'as/ ha'asko ha'as Adv: without 'i: about a certain amount of time; with 'i: a certain amount of time
ex: ia c 'am 'i ha'as k 'am hab 'ep hihi. Well, and after a while they went down there again. --ia k 'am 'i ha'as, 'am 'ep kakke. Well, and after some time, he asked (hearsay) her again. -- Tp a 'i ha'as tp gm hu ju:p g u:dag. After a certain amount of time the water soaked in (into the ground). --mat o a 'i ha'as. in a while (a fair amount of time). -- Hemu 'utt(<'att) o dada mat o a 'al 'i ha'as. Well, we will arrive soon, in a while.

ha'ascu N subst: one(s) of a certain size (see also ha'ascukam)

ex:mo (<vu) si 'al ha'ascu ha'icu kai. which are seeds of a certain size.

ha'ascukam N subst: one(s) of a certain size (see also ha'ascu)

ex: Pi 'ip(<'ap) u a 'i 'al ha'ascukam. You are not unimportant.

ha'as hu 'i Mod Expr: up to a certain size

ex:vapko mat a(<va) ha'as hu o 'i ge'ege. gourds that will grow to a considerable size. --mat ge ha'as hu 'i ce'eceveda, hega'i ha'icu. (they noticed) that these things (the tobacco plants) had reached an unusual height. --Tp 'ea ha'as hu 'i 'am u 'al 'ali. Meanwhile the baby had reached a considerable size.

ha'as hu 'i Adv Expr: all along a certain amount of time

ex:'am ha'as hu 'i vo'okahimc 'am kakke. all along, as he was lying down he asked her again and again. --Ha'as hu 'i 'ep mo'ovup. All along, she keeps bumping her head (against the ceiling of the cave).

ha'asig Stat [pls: haha'asig]: without 'i: to be of about a certain size; with 'i: to be of a
certain size (see also ha'asij) ex: vepo 'o ha'asig. He is of the same size as I am (he is within the same size range as I am). --Ha'asig 'o 'i m'an g do'ag. It is of the size of a mountain. --Ha'asig 'i b(<vab) ge. It is of a surprising size.

ha'asij Stat [pls: haha'asij]: without 'i: to be of about a certain (large) size; with 'i: to be
of a certain size (see also ha'asig) ex: Heg 'o ha'asij mo g Husi. He is the same size as Jose. -- Ha'asij 'o 'i. It is a certain size. --Tk o shu:ntk hab haha'asij 'i g jia. There will be a lot of corn (next summer) since the hailstones are of a certain size.

ha'asko (dial: ha'akko/ha'ak[h]o) Adv: without 'i: about a certain (large) distance;
with 'i: a certain distance ex: Ha'asko 'ob(<'ab) kekivupc 'ab oak. Each time she stops at a certain distance (from them) and she cries. --ha'asko 'an 'i on g do'ag. at a certain distance is the foot of the mountain. --'atp ha'asko hu 'i m'ab g ki:. as far away as my house. --ha'asko vuha 'i cev. it (its down) had grown a certain length.

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ha'aso/ ha'ataku ha'aso (dial: ha'asa) Vintr Unit (for Repet see ha'asso) [Neutr: def and hort ha'aso;
imper ha'aso-]: to stop once ex: T hemu 'am o 'i ha'aso. It (the game) will stop soon. --Nt o ha'aso gi'ik 'e g 'o:la. I'll stop at four o'clock.

ha'asso (dial: ha'assa) Vintr Repet (for Unit see ha'aso) [Neutr: indef ha'asso]; to
stop repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i ha'asso? When do you stop (working)? --Gi'ik 'e 'a ha'asso. I stop (my work) at four o'clock.

ha'as 'i daha Stat Expr sing: to be piled up somewhere (in a single pile)
ex: Kutp 'ea hega'i hako'odc matp hakokda g hemajkam ha'as 'i daha. At the time the corpses of the people he had killed were piled up (there).

ha'as 'i dahiva VExpr intr sing: to pile up somewhere, to form a single pile
ex: T g cu:kugaj ha'as 'i dahiva. His flesh piled up (on the ground).

ha'as 'i dava VExpr tr sing: to make a pile with/of obj ha'as 'i davis Stat Expr: to be made into a pile ha'as 'i ge: VExpr intr: to fall into a pile
ex:ha'as 'i gei. it fell into a pile.

ha'as 'i him VExpr intr: to last for a certain amount of time
ex:c hemu hab 'eju: m'am ha'as a(<va) 'i hi: g scuhugam. and this took place late at night (when the night was well advanced).

ha'as 'i ul[i]g VExpr tr with aggr or indiv nouns (with mas nouns see ha'as 'i vua): to
accumulate obj ex: Ha'as 'i ul g hohodai. It (the water) accumulated stones (there).

ha'as 'i vua VExpr tr with mass nouns (with aggreg and indiv nouns see ha'as 'i ulig):
to accumulate obj ex: Ha'as 'i vua g bid. It (the water) accumulated mud (there).

ha'at Vtr sing: to make a pot, an olla out of obj ha'ataku N indiv [pl: haha'ataku]: tool to make pots (rocks and paddle)

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ha'i/ ha'icu ha'i Part indef quant with aggreg or indiv nouns referents (with mass nouns referents see
ha): several, a few, some of ex: ..mo 'om(<'am) ha'i 'ep gegokc pi ha'icu has 'evua. ..several (people) are standing there doing nothing. --vu:plo 'am ha'i 'ep ku:p 'ep. ..several burros are also enclosed down there. --Pi 'o ha'i vi'is g mu:. There are not any beans left. --Ha'i 'i m'iava g 'i:bdaj. Several of its fruits have fallen to the ground. -- 'Im hab ha'i cu:c g ki:k huig ta:gio. There are several houses (standing) down there toward the west. --Nt o ha'i va:pagt. I'll make several holes. --Nt o ha'i hiosigt. I'll make some paper flowers. --Nt o ha'i mhiosigc. I'll make you some paper flowers. -- Nap ha'i mu:ga? Do you have (some) beans? --Nt o ha'i havapcihot 'i:da'a. I'll make each one of them a few mixing bowls out of this. --- Nt o ha'i okp g pilka. I'll pound some wheat kernels. --M g ha'i ulig g ha:l-kai! Sow some squash seeds! -- Nt o ha'i bia g ba:bas. I'll dish out a few boiled potatoes.--B(<'ab) 'ant o ha'i haul g sigo. I'll put several of the nickles in (in the slot machine). -- M g ha'i va:pkid g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e! Put a few buns in the oven! -- Nt o ha'i 'o'oho g 'O'odham hai'ok. I'll write down a few 'O'odham words. --Ha'i ha'o'ohon g i'ok ves takaj. He writes down some words every day. -- Ha'i ha'o'olat g cu:kug cuhivi. She rolled up some of the ground meat (into meat balls). --Nap ha'i shama:c g Vuaga e'ei? Do you(sg) know some Vuaga songs and dances? --Nt o ha'i havapko g 'ega. I'll wash some clothes. --Nt o ha'i hama: g 'o'ohon. I will give them a few books. -- Nt o ha'i tacu g tatpial k 'ab o ha'i ha'o'oho. I'll need several pieces of paper to write a letter (some words) to someone. -- Nt o ha'i mnolot g 'ihug. I'll buy a few devilsclaw pods from you. -- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c matp ha'i hanolot g haiva. I don't know whether he bought any cows from anyone.

ha'icu (dial: ha'icu'u/haicu) Pr indef spec (for unspec see hascu) [loc: ha'icu-k-'ab;
instr: ha'icu-kaj]: without 'i: something, things; with 'i: (a) particular thing(s) ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha'icuk'ab mavup. She does not do a thing with her hands. --Ha'icuk'ab ceadhim. It (the creeper) is climbing against something. --ha'icukaj bihivigk vo:dk 'am 'i na:to. she wrapped something around it (wrapped the baby with something) and laid it down (in the cradle) and she was through. -- Tacu 'u(<'a) mant ha'icukaj o mve:m io. I want to talk to you about something. -- S'ap ha'icukaj 'ant 'i a jiva. I came here for a good cause. --ha'icu 'a hab u e:big. something that is called a "e:big". -- 'ab 'i hio ha'icu. things have blossomed. --Nt o 'i va:pk ha'icu. I'll bring the things in. -- 'O 'om(<'am) ha'icu 'i:s. There is something in a container down there (something is in a container.). --No 'om(<'am) ha'icu vi'is 'am vehiji? Is there something left for me?-Go:k ha'icu 'o 'om(<'am) tvi'is. Two things are left to us. --'am a(<va) pi kaiha 'i:da'a ha'icu mac hascu 'ab 'i cum m'a:gid. (you) did not pay attention to what (that thing which) we tried in vain to tell you. --hegam vi:piop mo 'ob('ab) si skeg ha'icu 'ub(<'ab) hab ju:jkc. those boys who are wearing the prettiest things. --Ha'icu g hido! Cook something! --'am 'oiyopo g'ea kc 'am cicvi ha'icu. they were in there and they were playing games (something). --...gm hu ha'icu eid 'eveco. His field of vision extends way out below himself (he sees things way out below himself). --'I 'o huhusid ha'icu. He is unloading things. -- Cum hekid ha'icu hakaiam. He is always asking questions to people (asking something to someone).

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ha'icu/ ha'icuk
mu'i ha'icu Pr Expr: a lot, many things ex: Mu'i <'a) ha'icu 'egid. I own many things. na:nko ha'icu Pr Expr: all kinds of things ex:ck na:nko ha'icu 'am ju. and he did all kinds of things to him. pi ha'icu Pr Expr: nothing ex: pi ha'icukaj= with nothing --Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu ha eid. I don't see a thing (anything at all). -- Pi g 'am ha'icu ha'e:sid! Don't steal anything from anyone!-- Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu a 'i ma:c 'ab 'amje g mi:mada. I do not know anything about religious services. -- Stoc hekaj pi ha'icu cikpan. It's hot and therefore we can do no work. ves ha'icu Pr Expr: everything ex: No 'om(<'am) a(< va) ves ha'icu s'ape? Is everything all right? --'am a(<va) ve:c ves ha'icu mapt 'ab hab o ju:. down there are lying all the things that you will put on him (the horse). -- ia k 'am 'i ves na:nk g ves ha'icu matp hascu 'i cum 'al 'ega. Well, and he matched it all with everything whatsoever that he possessed. snamkig ha'icu N Expr: valuable things she:kig ha'icu N Expr: happy thing (happiness)

ha'icu vu Stat Expr: to be something

ex: heghekaj mo (<vu) ge'e ha'icu. because he is a big cheese (thing). --k cum ei k u ab ge ha'icu. and they looked at it with surprise as it was something strange. si ha'icu vu Stat Expr: to be something important ex:hega'i 'a'an hek hu u(<vu) si ha'icu. those feathers, formerly, were very important things.--Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu u 'i si ha'icu. It is not a very important thing.

ha'icucud Vtr [Neutr: indef ha'icucud]: to value obj

ex:hek hu g 'o'odham si ha'icucud hega'i. formerly the people valued that very much. --hekaj si ha'icucud hek hu g milign hega'i 'a'an. therefore formerly the whites valued those feathers very much.

ha'icu hega'i vu Stat Expr: to be of some (specified) importance ha'icuk (dial: ha'icu'uk) Stat [Neutr: indef ha'icu[k]; def ha'icuk. Dur: ha'icuka-d.
Interr: ha'icuka-him]: to be in a certain location ex: ..'am haha cum ei mo pi ha'icu hega'i 'uv. ..he tried to see her but she was not there, that woman. --Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu hab a(<va) ha'icu. It was not down there. -- 'Am 'o a(<va) ha'icuk ki:c'ea. It is inside the house. -- No 'i ha'icuk? Is he here? --No 'om(<'am) ha'icuk. Is he down there? -- Nap cum hekid 'am ha'icuk 'eki: 'am domigc'e? Are you always at home on Sunday? -- Napt 'am o ha'icukad a:vai 'e? Will you be there Saturday? --Maps 'i hu o ha'icukad 'i:ya'a! (I don't think that) you should be around here. -'An 'o cum ha'icukahim. It used to be there. --Matp 'an thon 'oidc ha'icuk. (Fat is) that which is located throughout our body.

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ha'icu-/ ha:g ha'icu-'a:ga NComp [2nd pers sg m-ha'icu-'a:ga]: story ha'icu 'a:ga N Expr [1rst pers sg ha'icu -'a:ga]: words ha'icu 'a:gc see 'a:gc ha'icu 'a:gk see 'a:gk ha'icu 'i hega'i vu Stat Expr: to be of some (specified) particular importance. ha'ij Quant: some of (qualifies the subject of a clause)
ex:c 'am ha'ij 'am ha'u'a g 'ehuha. and some of them take their baskets down there.

ha'u N inalien indiv [sg (loc: ha'u-t-'ab); pl: haha'u; distr: hauppu]: dipper, cup, tin cup
(used to dip water out of a water container) bid-ha'u NComp inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -bid-ha'u); pl: bid-haha'u; distr: bidhauppu]: clay cup vako-ha'u NComp inalien indiv: coloquinte dipper (a dipper made out of coloquinte)

ha'ut Vtr sing: to make a dipper out of obj

ha:-

ha: see Vintr ha:g-= to melt, thaw ha: see Vtr ha:k= to roast obj (grain) in a basket ha:d N alien aggreg: wild onions ha:dag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wild onions in a single location ha:dga Stat: to have wild onions ha:g Vintr Unit (for Repet see hahage) sgs (for pls see hahhag) [Neutr: def ha:.
Interr: ha:g[i]him]: to melt, thaw (such as ice or snow on the ground) ex: Tk o ha: g gev. The ice/snow is going to melt. -- Hahage 'o c hemu pi ha:. It melts each time but this time it did not --Ha:ghim 'o g gev. The ice/snow is melting. --T ab o 'i ha:ghid. It will keep on melting (with interruptions).

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ha:gid/ ha:kimakam ha:gid Vtr Unit (for Repet see hahagid) sgo (for plo see hahhagid) [Neutr: def
ha:g, hort ha:gid; imper sgs ha:gida-]: to melt obj (such as lard)

ha:g see Vtr ha:gid= to melt obj ha:hag in ha'icu ha:hag NExpr aggreg: leaves
toki-ha:hag NComp (?) aggreg: cotton leaves

ha:hag Stat: to have leaves (for a plant), to be leafy

ex:pi ha ha:hagc ke:k. ... it (a tree) stands without a single leaf.

ha:hag s- Stat: to have a lot of leaves (for a plant), to be very leafy ha:hagaj N: leaves of a specified entity (its leaves)
ex:...mat hekid 'ab o 'i gak hega'i ha:hagaj. when its leaves (corn) have gotten dry.

ha:hagt Vintr [Neutr: def ha:hagt]: to get, grow, leaves

ex: 'Ab 'i ha:hagt. Its leaves have come out (it has grown leaves).

ha:k Vtr [Neutr: def ha:; indef ha:k; hort ha:k]: to parch obj (grain and seeds) in a
special basket ex: Nt o ha'i ha:. I'll parch some of it (grain). --Ha'i g ha:k! Parch some of it (grain)! -Ha:k 'o. She is parching it (grain) in a basket.

ha:kima see N hakima= older brother's child ha:kim[a]am (elis of *hahakimaam) 'e- N: a pair consisting of either a hakit
(father's younger brother) or a vovit (father's younger sister) and their hakima (older brother's child)

ha:kim[a]am (elis of *hahakimaam) vu 'e-Stat: to be a pair of either hakit (father's

younger brother) or vovit (father's younger sister) and hakima (older brother's child) ex: D(<vu) 'o 'o(<'e)ha:kimam. They are uncle/aunt and nephew/niece to each other.

ha:kimakam (elis of *hahakimakam) N subst mult: one who has nephews/nieces

(older brother's children)

ha:kimakam (elis of *hahakimakam) vu Stat Expr: to be one with nephews/

nieces (older brother's children) ex: D(<vu) 'a ha:kimakam. I have nephews/nieces (I am one with nephews/nieces)

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ha:kit/ ha:pod ha:kit see N hakit= father's younger brother ha:k see Vtr ha:k= to parch obj (grain) in a special basket ha:k-cu'i NComp alien mass [1st pers sg: -ha:k-cu'i=ga]: pinole flour (made of
wheat parched in a special basket)

ha:kku N inalien indiv: a type of basket formerly used for parching grain and seeds ha:kva N aggreg: a variety of mistletoe growing especially on mesquite trees
(Phoradendron californicum)

ha:kva[a]dag in ha'icu ha:kva[a]dag NExpr: mistletoe growing on something

kui-ha:kvadag NComp(?) aggreg: mistletoe growing on a mesquite tree

ha:kva[a]dag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-hahakva[a]dag]: to have a lot of mistletoe ( a

mesquite tree, cottonwood tree) ex: Sha:kvadag g kui. The mesquite has a lot of mistletoe.

ha:l N alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: ha:l=ga-j); distr: hahal]: squash, pumpkin
ex: Nt o ha'i cuama g ha:l. I'll bake (in a pit) a few squashes. -- Pi ha ma:ma g ha:l. The squash(es) do(es) not have any fruit. mu'umk-'a'atam-ha:l NComp alien aggreg: a variety of squash (pointed bottom squash) 'u:v-ha:l NComp alien aggreg: cantaloupe

ha:l in ha'icu 'i ha:l NExpr aggreg: squashes of different varieties ha:lga Stat : to have squash(es), pumpkins ha:lig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of squash(es), pumpkins in a single location ha:l-kai NComp alien aggreg: squash seed(s)
ex: M g ha'i ulig g ha:l-kai! Plant some squash seeds!

ha:l-ma:ma NComp alien aggreg: a variety of squash, zucchini (squash babies) ha:pod see N hapod= arrow ha:pod see Stat hapod= to have an arrow

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ha:podcud/ heb[a]iji ha:podcud (elis of *hahapodcud; dial: ha:poidcud) Vdtr mult (for sing see hapodcud) [Neutr: def ha:podc; hort ha:podcud]: to make arrows out of obj for
somebody

ha:podt (elis of * hahapodt; dial: ha:poidt) Vtr mult (for sing see hapodt) [Neutr: def
and hort ha:podt]: to make arrows out of obj

ha:sa (Span: jasa): axe ha:a N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ha:a=ga-j); pl/distr: hahaa]: saguaro cactus
(Cerus giganticus Engelm)

ha:a-bahidag NComp alien aggreg: saguaro fruit (same as bahidaj) ha:a-bahidagga s-Stat Comp: to have a lot of saguaro fruit ex:
Nap sha:a-bahidagga? Do you(sg) have a lot of saguaro fruit?

ha:a-bahidag maad N Expr [loc: ha:a-bahidag maad 'ed]: July (moon of the
saguaro crop)

ha:aig s- Stat impers: to be full of saguaro cacti in a single location ha:a see N haa= a type of basket

he-

hebai see heba'i= somewhere, sometime hebaicudc in vab cum hebaicudc Adv Expr: now and then
ex: Pi:makaj 'o iok vab cum hebaicudc. He speaks Pima now and then.

heb[a]iji, ba:ji Adv: from somewhere (same as heba'i 'amje)

ex: Ba:ji 'o him? Where does he come from?--Ba:ji 'o hob(<hab) si sjeiv? Where does this strong tobacco smell come from? --'A k hebaiji ge si'alim 'in vo:po'o? Where on earth do they come from to be running around here so early in the morning? -- 'A kups hebaiji 'i himadc 'i a(<va) jivak hab 'evua? Where on earth did you come (arrive walking) here from, to act the way you do? --Mams hebaiji hihim? Where do you(pl)

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heb[a]iji/ heba'i
come from (I wonder). --Heg 'o pi a 'i ma:c mas hebaiji him hega'i navait. He does not know where that wine comes from. --Kus hebaiji him? Where could he come from (I wonder)? --...k ababa 'am o 'apec mat hebaiji 'am o mei hega'i. but fix it so that from there on it will burn.

hebaijikam N subst aggreg: one(s) from somewhere hebaijikam vu Stat Expr: to be from somewhere
ex: Heg 'o pi a 'i ma:c mas hebaijikam u hega'i navait. He does not know where that wine is from.

heba'i, heb'ai, hebai, heb'i, hebi Pr: without 'i: somewhere, sometime; with 'i: at a
particular place, time (see also ba:[-]) ex: Heba'i g mcikpan? Where (is) your work? -- Nap heba'i ka: g 'O:b-i'ok? Where did you hear the Apache language? -- Heba'i hab ha'ap? In what direction? --Heba'i hab nt o dai? Where shall I put it (in a sitting position)? --'At heba'i ha'ap me:? In what direction did he run? --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans heba'i ha'ap o hi:. I don't know in what direction I will go. --Kus heba'i 'amje 'i a(<va) jiva hega'i 'uv? Where does she come from, that woman, I wonder (from where did she arrive here)!? --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c heba'i mans hebi o koi. I don't know where I will sleep. -- Pt hebi hu o hi:? Where will you go? --Pi 'i('e)'amicud mas hascuk'ab hebi o dahiva. He does not know where he will land. --map heba'i ki:dag. where you live. --mat heba'i g 'u'uvhig o(<vo) mamsik. when the birds are hatched. --'A e:na matp heba'i g 'a:bamdag hab o 'o(<'e)ju:. I am waiting for the time when luck might occur. --mant heg'oidk 'am o hi: maptp he'esko heba'i hab 'i 'elid. that I will travel along it at whatever distance you wish. --c heba'i ha'icu 'am o sta:had. and sometime there will be a festivity. --Hab a(<va) masma hab 'i (<'a) 'e'elid heba'i mant ab o hi: hasko. Just in the same way (as you do) I keep wishing that sometime I will just leave (go somewhere).-- Tp 'ea heba'i ju: g ta. It was sometime during the day (at the time the sun was somewhere). --Naptp hebi u 'i ondal? Have you ever been a soldier? -- Napp heba'i 'an 'i me 'ana'i si sjuhu'ujulk vo:g 'oidk? Have you ever driven along that winding road? --'am heba'i ju: g ta . ..it was sometime during the afternoon. -- Si'alim 'im heba'i. Tomorrow, sometime in the early afternoon. --c 'am heba'i 'am 'i dodolmat hega'i do'ag. and after a while the mountain calmed down. --k 'am hu heba'i matp 'ab haha hema 'i ia. and sometime later when one (of them) opened his eyes. --b(<hab) 'attp hems o cei 'am hu heba'i gamai vaik 'ahid 'o gamai go:k 'ahidag. we might say (that he was) as much as thirteen or twelve years old.- 'am hu heba'i 'am Jujkam-Jevuc'ea. Once upon a time (hearsay somewhere) down in Mexico. -- heg 'am o vi'i hega'i mmo'o 'an heba'i, nt heg o hu:. (tell her to) put your head aside (somewhere) for me, I'll eat it. --'in a(<va) heba'i. .. somewhere around here. --Mantp 'an hu hebi o 'i bei g cikpan k 'an o cikpank hekaj o 'i daghiuv g hu'ul. If sometime I get a job, I'll work in order to take care of my grandmother. --..'ab haha vab heba'i ju: g ta . ..it was then sometime early in the morning.--.'ab hu heba'i va:j hab ha'ap mo 'ob(<'ab) ki: g ba:b. somewhere up there, way in that direction, lives my

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heba'i/ hea'i
grandfather. --'i 'o hu heba'i ha'icu si stahoho'idam kaij. somewhere around here, there is something that is making a very pleasant sound. --. ..gm hu heba'i jiva ma 'am ki: g Jujkam. he arrived somewhere far away where the Mexicans live. --gm hu heba'i si 'al 'i juka'i. just before sunset. -- gm hu heba'i mo pi a:muid Much later on, when it was quiet --T gami hu heba'i pi vo ho(<ha) ku:gt. It will never end. cum heba'i= anywhere, any time ex: ..mo 'id hab a(<va) masma cum heba'i jevu u:dagim himhim 'i:da'a hava. ..the crow who in the same way travels all over (anywhere in) the world. pi heba'i= nowhere, never

hebhu him VExpr sgs: to disappear (walk to somewhere unknow)

ex:'i ma:si, t gm hu hebhu hi:. after dawn, he disappeared in the distance. --(<'a) hab 'elid mat hekid hema ta u o a(<va) 'i doakamk vo mu:k hi: hebhu k pi hekid 'in hu 'ep o 'i vu:. I wish that after someone has been alive a long time he would die and disappear and never again come out.

hebhu/heb hu ulig VComp/Expr tr plo (for sgo see hebhu vua): to lose obj
ex: Hebhu 'unt(<'ant) hu ul. I lost them.- Cum hekid ha'icu hebhu ulig. He is always losing things.

hebhu vo:po'o VComp pls: to disappear (to run to somewhere unknown)

ex: Pi 'ap has do:da'aka'ik hebhu vo:p. Right after they mistreated him they disappeared.

hebhu/heb hu vua VComp/Expr tr sgo (for plo see hebhu ulig): to lose obj
ex: Hebhu 'unt(<'ant) hu vua/ Heb 'ant hu vua. I lost it.

hebi see heba'i= somewhere, sometime hedckon Vintr sgs [Neutr: def hedcko; hort hedckon]: to skid
ex: 'ab meadc hab 'ejuk 'ab hedcko. As a consequence of what happened while he was running, he skidded (hearsay).

hedt N alien mass [3rd pers sg hedt=ga-j]: red clay used in coloring pots heam see hea'i= someone hea'i, he'ai, heai, he'i, hei Pr indef animate (for inanimate see ha'icu and hascu) [sg (instr: he[a]i-kaj);pl: heam]: without 'i: someone; with 'i: a certain person
(see also do:[-]) ex: K hei u? Who is he? -- 'A k heam u? Who on earth are they? --K hei u hega'i? Who is that? --K hei u ge'e? Who is the eldest? --K hei u 'alicu? Who is the youngest? --Kus hea'i hu u 'ikc hahu:giogahim g t'a'alga? Who could that be, I wonder,

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hea'i/ hega'i
who is exterminating our children? --Hei u m'o:g? Who is your father? --Hei u ki: hega'i? Whose house is that? --Hei u gogsga 'i:da'a? Whose dog is this? -- Hei u 'o'odham hega'i mo 'on(<'an) cikpan 'an 'oidagc'e? Who is that fellow who is working in the field? -- Kup hei u? Who are you(sg)? -- Heam 'am u? Who are you(pl)? --Kup hea'i cikpaid? Whom do you(sg) work for? --Hea'i p(<'ap) shoho'id? Which one do you(sg) like? -- Kut hea'i na:to hega'i hua? Who made that basket? --Kunt hea'i ve:m 'i o ki:dagk 'i:ya'a? With whom will I live here?--..hi a(<va) hascu 'atp u hea'i 'u'uvhig, pi 'i(<'a) ma:c. ..exactly what kind of birds they were, I do not know. --T hea'i mu'i vo ho(<ha)mai 'idam e'ei, vo skeg e'ic g `e'e'es. He who will learn many of my songs, will sing well for his crops. --..matp hei o(<vo) 'i 'i('e)nako. ..whoever will be able to (do it). -- M g be:'i maptp hei o(<vo) 'i shahoho'i. Take whoever you like. -- ..matp heam 'am 'i kuut. ..whoever had bothered him. cum hea'i: anyone, anybody ex: Cum hea'i eid mat heba'i 'ab hab o cu'igk 'ab egait'ab. Anybody can see it when they (the termites) are on greasewood. -- B(<vab) cum hea'i: Just anyone (it does not matter who). pi hea'i: nobody, not anybody ex: Pi 'o hea'i a 'i 'a:gid mas mumku. Nobody told me that he was sick. --Pi hea'i a 'i 'enako mas 'am hab o ju: hega'i matp hascu hub(<hab) 'i 'elid. Nobody could do what he wanted. --Pi hea'i a 'i hama:c g hemajkam. He does not know any one of the people. --Kut pi hea'i 'enako 'idam hemajkam. None of these people had been able (to do it). -- mam pi 'im(<'am) hu hea'i has kaij. that none of you(pl) say anything. --Pi 'o hekid hea'i 'i hu jijivha g 'o'odham. Nobody ever comes here. -- Pi g 'am hei ha'a:gid! Don't tell anyone (of them)!

he'i see hea'i= someone heg see hega'i= that one, that hegam see hega'i= that one, that hega'i, heg'ai, heg'i, hegi, heg Pr sg demonstrative [pl: hegam]: that one, that ex:
..hega'i mo g hu ka:c mvasib: ..that water container of yours which is lying over there. -'Id 'o (<vu) hega'i mat a(<va) 'am hu 'uv. She is the woman who went there. -hegam hab a haju: 'O:b. those Apaches had done it to them. --B(<'ab) 'at o tnolot hegam tooiga. They say they want to buy our pets from us. --.matp u hakeliga hegam. who was the (their) elder of those fellows. --Kupt hegi o eidok vo 'i 'oi. After you have seen it, follow it. -- T 'id hegi o a(<va) bei mo (<vu) ge'ecu mo (<vu) ge'e 'i:da'a. He who is the elder will take that one which is the biggest.-- Heg 'o sgi:g. He is fat. --g m'o'ogba mo heg u ma:ma. your deceased fathers who are her children. -heg vepo ma:s mo g ha'icu vi:gig. it looks like fluff. -- heg 'ea ciho. inside that cave. --..heg hab 'a:g 'l'itoi. ..they mean 'l'itoi. --..heg u mo'ockuaj m'am daha hodai. ..that stone which is sitting there is his pillow. -- heg 'an a(<va) 'i vi: mo'oj. that (fellow's) skull is the only thing that remained. --c heg 'at o 'enako hega'i. and he will

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hega'i/ heheg
be able (to do it) that one. --T heg hejel o je:j hega'i ko:sidaku. She alone will smoke that soporific. -- ..heg o hu: hega'i 'ihug-kai. ..(they) will eat those devil's claw seeds.

hega'i vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hegam]: to be that him/ her/ it

ex: Vu ab hega'i matp g hu 'e:keg u:dagc'ea. It's just his reflection in the water (it's just him that has his shadow in the water).--'Atp u hega'ic hab kaij. It might be her that is making that sound. --'I 'at a(<va) jiva hi a(<va) hab a(<va) hega'i 'atp u hega'ikc tova. A turkey did come here and (I think) it might be him. --heghekaj mo pi hea'i 'am hu u hega'i mas 'am hab o tju hega'i ki:. because there is nobody who will build us that house. --c ababa 'i:da'a pi u a 'i hega'i. but this is not it at all.

hega'i in vu ha'icu hega'i Stat Expr: without 'i: to be of some (specified)

importance, to constitute a certain (specified) reason; with i: to be of some (specified) particular importance, to be the reason ex:mo 'om(<'am) ha'icu u hega'i mamt heg 'am hab o nju. ...there is something important that I want you(pl) to do for me. --..heu'u 'am 'o ha'icu u(<vu) hega'i. ..yes there is a reason (why I came here).-- Na'as 'am hig a(<va) ha'icu u hega'i mant 'am has masma hab o njuk o nda:m-ce:. There must be something for me to do in order to revenge myself. --c ababa hab masma mo pi ha'icu 'um(<'am) u a 'i hega'i, 'i:da'a. but this is not important at all. -- matp a(<va) ha'icu vu 'i hega'i mapt ghekaj 'i a(<va) jiva. there must be a reason why you came here.

hega'i in vu hascu 'i hega'i Stat Expr: to be of some (unspecified) particular

importance ex: ..matp hascu u(<vu) 'i hega'i matp 'am ha cum 'al 'ega, tp vesgam si mehi hegam hemajkam. ..whatever they owned that was of any consequence, they had burned it all, those people.

hega'i in vu [v]a 'i hega'i Stat Expr: to be all, enough, best

ex: D(<vu) 'o va 'i hega'i. That's all. --Kut u o va 'i hega'ik hega'i. That will be all (enough). -- ..c ababa 'i:da'a pi u a 'i hega'i. ..but this is not all. -- ..vu a(<va) 'i hega'i matt o hihi. ..it's best for us to go.

hegi see hega'i= that one, that heg 'i huim Adv Expr: that very evening heg 'i 'ea Adv Expr: at that very moment hehe see Vintr hehem= to laugh heheg see N he:g= co-wife, lover hehegamk see Stat Expr s-cu-he:gamk= to have a jealous temperment

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hehek/ hehemakodc hehek see N hek= armpit hehekc see semi Stat tr he:kc= to have one's arms around two people's shoulders hehekc see semi Stat reflex 'e-he:kc= to have one's arms around each other heheli see Vtr hehel[i]g= to hang obj (in order to dry or air them out) hehel[i]g Vtr plo (for sgo see hel[i]g) [Neutr: def heheli; hort and indef hehelig]: to
hang obj (in order to dry or air them out) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)heheli g vapkona. I'll hang up my washing. -- Gami hu ha'e'elko gm hu k heheli g cu:kug. He skinned them over there and hung out the pieces of meat to dry. --N(<'an) g hu hehelig! Hang them up to dry (on a line)! -- Kegcun hega'i cu:kug c 'an hehelig. She cleans that meat and hangs the pieces out to dry.

hehelva Vreflex Unit (for Repet and Distr see 'e-hehhelva) [Neutr: def and hort 'ehehelva]: to play at sliding on one's buttocks (on a slide) ex: Nt o hehelva. I'll play at sliding on my buttocks (on a slide). -- Tt o thehelva! Let's play at sliding on our buttocks (together on one slide)!

hehelviku N: slide (in a playground) hehem Vintr Unit (for Repet see hehhem) [Neutr: def hehe; hort and indef hehem;
imper sgs hehemi-; pls hehem[i]-o. Interr: hehem[i]-him. Dur: hehema-d]: to laugh ex: Ha'as a(<va) hehe. He stopped laughing. --...c gm hu hi: hehemihimc g 'U:pio. ..and Skunk went away laughing and laughing. --B(<'ab) 'o hehemhim. He is coming this way laughing (speaker does not see but hears that fellow laugh).

hehemaipa see Adv hemaip= together in one location hehemajkam see N hemajkam= a person hehemajkam see Stat Expr vu hemajkam= to be a person hehemajma see Stat s-hemajma= to be kind, gentle, broken in hehemajmacud Vtr plo (for sgo see hemajmacud) [Neutr: def hehemajmac; hort
hehemajmacud]: to break in, tame object

hehemajmat Vintr pls (for sgs see hemajmat) [Neutr: def hehemajmat. Interr:
hehemajmata-him]: to get broken in, to become gentle

hehemako see Mod hemako= one hehemakodc Adv: one by one

ex: Hehemakodc daiv. They arrive one by one.

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hehemapad/ hehevho hehemapad Vtr Repet (for Unit see hemapa[i]d; for Distr see hehhemapad)
[Neutr: indef hehemapad. Dur: hehemapada-d]: to gather obj in one place repeatedly ex: T 'e'ai ma 'ida hahehemapad g hemajkam. The time has come when I gather the people (each day, each week).

hehemapad Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-hemapad; for Distr see 'ehehhemapad) [Neutr: indef 'e-hehemapad. Dur: 'e-hehemapada-d. Interr: 'ehehemapada-him]: to assemble, gather, get together, in one place repeatedly ex: 'Ehehemapad g 'o'odham c 'eje:gid 'am hihhim. Every time the people get together for a meeting, they go down there.--Kutp hi a(<va) pi hama:c hega'i viapo'ogel mas hascu 'a:gc 'am 'ehehemapad 'ama'i hegam hemajkam. That boy did not quite know why those fellows kept getting together down there.

hehemho see Adv hemho= once hehemhocudc Adv: far apart, once every now and then
ex: Hehemhocudc 'i:bhe. He is breathing far apart (he is dying).

hehemim s-ta- Adv Expr: in a funny, amusing way (making one feel like laughing)
ex: Stahehemim 'evua. He is funny (acts in a funny way).

hehemimk s-cu- Stat Expr sgs [Neutr: indef and def s-cu-hehemimk]: to like to laugh hehemk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-hehemk); pls: s-hehhemk]: to laugh easily hehemkam s- N subst sg: one who laughs easily hehemma s-ta- Stat Expr sgs [pls: s-ta-hehhemma]: to be funny, amusing (to make
people laugh) ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-hehemma. He is amusing.

hehemukam see N subst hemukam= new, recent hehevacu see hevacu= red-backed junco (a bird) hehevagid Vtr [Neutr: def hehevag; hort and indef hehevagid]: to sniff obj
ex: Ha'as a(<va) hehevag. He stopped sniffing it. --B(<'ab) 'o hehevagid g cu:kug. He is sniffing the meat. -- Ha'icu hehevagid. He is constantly sniffing things.

hehevho N inalien [sing (3rd pers sg hehevho-j); mult (3rd pers pl hehehevho)]: (a pair
of) eyelashes

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hehevhog/ hejel hehevhog see Stat s-hevhog= to be cool hehevhogi Vintr pls (for sgs see hevhogi) [Neutr: def hehevhogi. Interr: hehevhogihim]: to become cool, cool off ex: Hehevhogi 'it(<'at).They are cool (have become cool, have cooled off).

hehe'ekad Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-he'ekad): to smile hehe'ejel see Mod hejel= (one's) own, oneself; by oneself, alone hehe'ek see Stat s-he'ek= to be sour hehe'ekia see Mod he'ekia= of a certain (fairly large) amount, number hehe'ekiaj see Stat he'ekiaj= to constitute a certain (fairly large) amount, number hehe'es see Mod he'es= of a certain (fairly large) size hehe'esij see Stat he'esij= to be of a certain (fairly large) size hehhelva Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-hehelva) [Neutr: indef 'e-hehhelva]: to play
at sliding on one's bottom repeatedly

hehhelva Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-hehelva) [Neutr: def 'e-hehhelva]: to play at
sliding on one's buttocks one after the other ex: Tt o thehhelva! Let's play at sliding on our buttocks one after the other!

hehhem Vintr Repet (for Unit see hehem) [Neutr: indef hehhem. Dur: hehhema-d.
Interr: hehhema-him; concurs hehhema-him-c]: to laugh repeatedly ex: Si hehhem. He laughs loud each time. - Pi g 'am hehhemad! Don't be laughing repeatedly! -c gm hu hi: hehhemahimc g 'U:pio. and Skunk left laughing all along.

hehhemapad Vtr Distr [for Unit see hemapa[i]d; for Repet see hehemapad)
[Neutr: def hehhemapa; hort hehhemapad]: to assemble, gather obj in several locations ex: Namt hehhemapa g 'eku:ka'ag? Has each one of you gathered his firewood (made a pile of firewood in several locations)?

hehhemapad Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-hemapa[i]d; for Repet see 'ehehemapad) [Neutr: def 'e-hehhemapa]: to gather together, here and there hehhemk see Stat s-hehemk= to laugh easily hehhemma see Stat Expr s-ta-hehemma= to be funny, amusing hejel Mod sg [pl/distr: hehe'ejel]: (one's) own, oneself; by oneself, alone
ex:'am a(<va) hejel g 'evivga 'ab o je:id! (each one of you will) smoke your own tobacco! --'A g Ban g hejel 'egi:g hugiok me:! Oh, Coyote ate his own fat and ran off! --

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hejel/ hekaj ...'am hejel 'eki:him 'e. ..in his own village. --hejel ki:= my own house -- 'A kegcun g
hejel vaika. I am cleaning my own ditch. -- Tp heg 'al 'i Ban hejel 'edo'ibi'o. Coyote might have been the only one to save himself.--Nt o hejel gatvi! I'll shoot myself -heg 'at o a(<va) hejel 'ekavyuc hega'i keli. he, himself, will turn into a horse, that old man. --ma ab hejel 'ehohoig. (it was said) that they were each other's own spouses. --Hehe'ejel 'amt 'am o e'ed g 'ee'ei. Each one of you will keep singing your own respective songs. -- Ves domig 'att o hehe'ejel hasko hihhimad. Every Sunday each one of us will go somewhere (separately). --Nt 'a:i hejel 'am o 'i vu:. I'll go out by myself. --T heg hejel o je:j hega'i ko:sidaku. She alone will smoke that soporific. --Kut 'id o a(<va) 'i je:id hejel. She will be the only one to smoke it. --Heg 'o hejel ab thugka. She is the one who scratches us without provocation (by herself). -- Nap hejel sito g kavh:? Do you roast your coffee yourself?

hejelig Stat sgs: to be by oneself, to live alone hejelkam N subst: one who is, lives alone hejelkam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is by oneself, single
ex: D(<vu) 'a hejelkam. I am single.

hejel-medam NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -hejel-medam=ga); pl: hehe'ejelvo:po'odam]: car (also called hejel-memedam) ex: Nt o hema bei g hejel-medam. I am going to get a car.

hejel-e'edam NComp alien indiv (sg (1st pers sg -hejel-e'edam=ga); pl: hejele'edam]: phonograph ex: Nt o ho(<ha)gaga g hejel-e'edamga. I am going to sell my phonographs.

hejel vi'ikam NComp (?) sg [pl: hejel vi:pkam/ vi:pi'ikam]: orphan hejel-vu:im NComp aggreg [loc: hejel-vu:im-c-'e]: wild plants, wild vegetation
ex: Kut gda:m ab vu: g hejel-vu:im 'e'a:gam. On it sprang up the so-called wild plants. -- 'Am 'atp a(<va) vo'o hejel-vu:imc'e. It may be lying there among the wild plants.

hek N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg heka-j); pl: he:k/ hehek]: armpit hekaip see Part hekaj hekaj/hekij (dial: hekajid) Postp: with, by means of, because of obj
ex: Ge:geva heghekaj 'u:s! Beat him with that stick! --...c 'am hab g 'u:s mulink heghekaj 'am sihovinahim. and after breaking off a stick they poke (into the hole) with it. --

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hekaj
Heu'u, 'am hab 'ei'ov heghekaj. Yes, they got into a quarrel because of that. --M 'ant o a(<va) 'i mve:mt 'idhekaj. I'll help you do this (with this). --..'idhekaj 'ab o 'i enaa. ..it will keep you awake (with it you will be awake). --..hekaj bihivig hega'i va:pk. ..with it (its body) it (the snake) envelopes the reeds. --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mas hascu hu 'i hekaj 'am ki:dag. I don't know what she is living on. -- Has 'e'a'aga hega'i map hekaj hi:k g pilka? What's the name of that with which you cut wheat?

hekaj Postp (with a numeral in the same clause): for the nth time
ex: .. 'idhekaj o 'o(<'e)'ai gi'ik mant 'am 'ep o gei. ..this will make it the fourth time that I dive (with this it will be the fourth time that I dive again).-- ia k 'am 'ep ge:k hekaj vaikko 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'i ge: u:dagc'ea. Well, and again she dives and it makes it the third time that she dives in the water. --ia k hekaj gokko va 'i cum na:to g jevu. Well, and for the second time he tried unsuccessfully to create the world. -- ia k hekaj u gi'ikokam. Well, and it was the fourth time. ..'am 'i 'ep ceadk hekaj u vaik. .. he reached the top, for the third time. --..c ghekaj u vevk. ..and including him they were seven. -- ia heghekaj 'atp u gi'ikko. Well, that made it the fourth time.

hekaj, heg-hekaj, g-hekaj Conj: therefore, consequently, because, in order to

ex: matp a(<va) ha'icu vu 'i hega'i matp ghekaj 'i a(<va) jiva. there must be an important reason why (because of it) you came here. --Begi heg 'o (<vu) 'amjekam mant heghekaj 'ab 'i me:. Well, that is the reason why I came (running) up here. --Kut g'amje heghekaj hab 'eju:. It is as a consequence of that that it happened.--Kunt ghekaj 'ab 'i nog 'u:pam. Therefore, I turned to go back home. --Ku ghekaj him hega'i. That is why I came. -- M 'ant ab a(<va) 'emeidok ghekaj 'ab 'i hi:. I saw you(pl) that's why I came up here. -- ..vo tonomk ghekaj pi vo hi:, vat o hi:. ..even if he (the horse) gets thirsty to the extent of not being able to walk, he will walk. --Tp o mumku heghekaj mapt 'am hab a(<va) ju:. He might get sick as a consequence of what you did to him. --'Oia pi hea'i a 'i 'enako heghekaj matsp sta'e:bidam has ma:s. But nobody could (do it) because she looked so frightening. -- ..c hekaj hab a(<va) 'i masma mat heghekaj 'ab 'i 'a:'ad. .. and therefore that is the very reason why they sent me up here. --C hekaj hab a(<va) 'i masma mapt o hi:. Consequently the best is for you to go. --ia c hekaj 'am a(<va) 'i ko:kk 'ab 'i ma:sihi. Well, and therefore they slept there until dawn. --'Ea 'o hob(<hab) kaij mapt o vemajk hemu c hekaj pi has 'eju:. Since they said that you should come with me now, then it's all right (I have nothing against it). --Pt 'am hig a(<va) 'i vo 'ol(<'al) tgagc tt hekaj o mua! Please make each one of us a bow, so that we will kill it. -- ia kutt heg 'am sma:ck hekaj heg 'i vo 'em'a:g. Well, that is what we found out in order to tell you(pl).

hekaj/hekij Stat tr [Neutr: def, hort and indef hekaj. Dur: hekaj=ka-d]: to be using obj
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)hekaj g m'o'ohon. I'll use your books. --. ..mat hekid ab o si ge'e hekaj 'i:da'a 'i'idag. ..whenever he drinks excessively (uses too much of this drink). --'Oi g hekaj! Go ahead (you sg), use it! --'Oi g o hekaj! Go ahead (you pl), use it! -- a:p ma:s bidpaku hekaj? What color paint do you use? -- 'Am 'amt hejel o hekajkad 'i:da'a. You(pl) alone will be using this.

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hekaj/ hekid
kia hekaj Stat Expr: to borrow obj (to be using it for a while) ex: Nt o kia hekaj? Can I borrow it (I want to use it for a while)?

hekaj (dial: hekajp) incl in ha hekaj Adv Expr subst: right away, immediately
ex: ..vo mua ha hekajp! ..kill him immediately!-- ..k 'ab a hekaj si ku: hega'i ki: 'ep. ..and immediately he closed the door again.--Ha hekaj g hab ju! Do it right away! -- hab a hekaj vuha g vapko-kai. It is said that the gourd seeds grew immediately.

hekalid see Postp hekaj hekhiu (met of *hekhu) Adj: ancient, old
ex: Hekhiu ha'icu-'a:ga: Stories of the old times. --Hekhiu 'o'odham 'o pi thivgid matt o ho(< ha)ku'ad g 'o'okokoi. The old timers don't let us eat white doves. -- 'Am 'o hekhiu ki: ke:k 'ama'i. Down there there is (standing) an old house. --Kutp ha'i vu si hekhiu ko'i. Some were very old corpses.

hekhiugam (met of *hekhugam) N subst: old one(s), antique hekhiugam (met of *hekhugam) vu Stat Expr: to be (an) old one(s), (an) antique(s)
ex: Ha'i 'at g papla vu o hekhiugamk. Some of the shovels will be old ones.

hekid Conj (indef): without 'i: whenever; with 'i: at a particular time, when
ex: 'Ab o 'i hi: ki: vui hekid o 'O'odhamaj siokim! Come to my house whenever you want to speak 'O'odham! -- Nt o a(<va) gegus hekid jivaka'i. I'll eat as soon as I am back. -- Hekid ab a(<va) dagap hemho a(<va) vepegimad. Whenever I touch it I get an electric shock.--Ma hekid 'am a hihhim nolotaku vui c hemho a(<va) ha'icu hanonlot. Whenever I go to the store I buy something (from someone). --Tp hekid 'i hi: 'ab da:kahimc. After sitting there for a certain time he left. --Hekid 'i? When was it? -Hekid 'i 'i:yakahim? When was he here? --Nt ababa vo shamai matp hekid o 'ik. But I'll find out from them when it will be. -- Pt hekid 'i ma:si? When were you born? --T hekid o 'i ma:si? When is it (the baby) due to be born? --Hekid 'o (<vu) 'i si m'oidckam mapt 'am 'i Cuk-on vui? When was the last time you went to Tucson? --Hekid 'apt 'i si ha'oidk 'ecu'ijig-'a:? When was the last time you confessed yourself? --M 'ac hekid 'i cum stvaccvim k hemho a(<va) jujku. Every time we are in the mood to swim it rains. cum hekid Adv Expr subst: all the time, anytime ex: 'Id 'o va 'i cum hekid 'am hihhim Cuk-on vui. He used to go to Tucson all the time.-- Cum hekid mat u o 'i gi'ik takad mat 'am o ho(<ha)cecegad. Every four days they will visit them. --M(< 'am) 'ant hab o a(<va) ju: b(<vab) cum hekid. I'll do it sometime. pi hekid Part Expr: never ex: Heg 'o pi hekid iok 'am havui. That fellow never talks to them. -- Pi 'o hekid hea'i 'i hu jijivha g 'o'odham. Nobody ever comes here.

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hekid/ hekkam hekid Vintr sgs [Neutr: def hekid]: to get old(er)
ex: 'I:da'a 'ipu hekid. My skirt is old (has gotten old).

hekigam N subst: old one(s), antique hekij see Postp hekaj= with, by means of hekij see Stat tr hekaj= to be using obj hekij see Vtr hekijid= to make obj become old hekijid Vtr Unit sgo [Neutr: def hekij; hort hekijidl: to make obj become old hekiva Vintr [Neutr: def hekiva]: to become antiquated, archaic, outdated, to fall out of
use (a custom) ex: Hek 'at hu hekiva. It has become antiquated some time ago.

hek hu AdvExpr subst indef: without 'i: previously, beforehand, sometime ago,
formerly; with 'i: at a previous time, already, a certain amount of time ago ex: Kupt hek hu o hema mul g 'u:s! Before, break a stick! --k hab hi a(<va) kaij mapt 'am hi a(<va) hek hu vab o hidol g kakagiam-u:kaj. and he said that he wants you to cook his sandals for him before (he arrives). --Hek 'ant hu gegus. I have already eaten (I ate before). --'am ab hek hu 'e'a:g mat o koi ga hu dadak. They knew beforehand that they would die after getting there. --Hek 'a hu sma:c! I knew it beforehand (before it happened)! --Hek 'o hu sgak mo (<vu) vecij. He was skinny formerly when he was young. -- B(<hab) 'ac 'a'aga hek hu Pi:ma-'o'odham. This is how formerly we used to call the Pima --G hu 'i hek hu mant koi ma:s. It was long before I was born. --heghekaj ma 'am a(<va) hek hu s'eke:'id vemaj hega'i Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks. because he and that Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks had been feuding against each other previously. -- M 'ant hek hu 'i haai. I have already chased them down there. --Hek 'aptk hu 'i 'ege:gck 'am na:nko kaij. You have already been beaten, that's why you talk nonsense.

hek hu [v]a 'i Adv Expr indef: a long time ago (same as va: hu 'i)
ex: Hek hu a(<va) 'i 'a:ga: story(ies) of a long time ago -- 'Id 'a hek hu a(<va) 'i cum 'elid. This is what I wished for in vain a long time ago.--Hek hu va 'i ma 'ea 'i eid. It's been a long time since I last saw him. --(<'a) ab ka: hek hu a (<va) 'i. 'I heard it a long time ago. --'i ga hu me:k, hek hu a(<va) 'i. way back, a long time ago. --Hek 'o hu 'i a(<va) 'i vaid. He asked me to come here a long time ago.

hekkam N subst aggreg: antiquated, outdated, secondhand things

ex: N(<'an) 'ant hu bei mo g hekkam 'an ve:c. I got it at the secondhand store (where the second hand things are lying)

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hekkam-/ hel[i]g hekkam-tianna NComp [loc: hekkam-tianna-t-'an, hekkam-tianna-c-'e]:

secondhand store ex: Hekkam-tiannat'an 'ant bei. I got it at the secondhand store.

hekkam-'ega NComp(?) aggreg: secondhand clothes hek ul[i]g VExpr tr plo (for sgo see hek vua): to waste obj
ex: Nap hab 'e'elid map hek ulig g 'eliaga? Do you think that you're wasting your money?

hekt Vintr [Neutr: def hekt. Interr: hekta-him]: to become too old to be usable
(clothes, meat) ex: Hekt 'at g nu:k. My shoes are worn out. -- Hekt 'at g cu:kug. The meat is too old.

hek [v]a 'i Adv Expr indef: for a long time

ex: Hek va 'i meihim. It burned for a long time. --Hek 'o 'i a(<va) 'i vaid. For a long time he asked me to come. --Hek a a(<va) 'i ka: 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. It's been a long time since I heard this story.

hek vua VExpr tr sgo (for plo see hek ul[i]g): to waste obj hekpo N inalien sg [pl: hehekpo]: hair in one's armpit hekc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see he:kc) [Neutr: indef hekc. Dur: hekci-d]: to have
one of one's arms around somebody's shoulders ex: Hekc him. He is walking with his arm around somebody's shoulders.

hekcug Vtr sgo (for plo see he:kcug): to move with one of one's arms around
somebody's shoulders

hekp Vtr Unit sgo [Neutr: def hek ; hort hekp[]; imper sgs hekpa-]: to put one of
one's arms around somebody's shoulders

hel see Vtr hel[i]g= to hang obj (in order to dry or air it out) hel[i]g Vtr sgo (for plo see hehel[i]g) [Neutr: def hel; hort helig; imper sgs helga-]: to
hang obj (in order to dry or air it out) ex: Nt o hel g vakona. I'll hang out my piece of washing. -- N(<'an) g hu helig! Hang it out (on a line)!

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hema/ hemajkam hema Pr indef: without 'i : one, a; with 'i : a particular one, a certain one
ex: Hema melhog-ki:t. He built an ocotillo house. --Hema 'at ki:t g melhog. He built a house with ocotillo --'1 'ant o hema 'oidt. I'll make a field here. -- M g hema e:'i! (Why don't you) sing a song! --M g hema e'icud! (Why don't you) sing me a song! --Kut hega'i hema g 'alidaj 'i'ispul vo 'evepog hega'i. A child of that fellow will turn into stirrups. --Kut hegam 'uv 'alidaj g pilin vo 'evepog hema. One of his daughters will turn into a bridle. --Hema t(<'at) a(<va) kei. He did bite one. --M 'ant o a(<va) hema m'ovick. I will roll you one (cigarette). -- B(<'ab) g hema 'i nda'icudacud! Throw me one (apple)! --Tp hems o hema ma: g 'o'ohon. Perhaps he will give me a book. -- Hema 'a eid g Ju:kam, tako. I saw a Mexican, yesterday. --..hemu hema 'am o himk vo ei. ..one who will go there now will see it. --Hema 'at 'am o 'a: mat o si sma:ck. One who really knows it will tell it (the story). -- B(<hab) 'o ma:s mat hema u o si mumkudamk. She looks like someone who is very sick. --N(<'an) 'o hema ma:s g kavyu. They are tracks of a horse. -..c hekaj hab a(<va) 'i 'evua mamt 'am o hema me:. ..therefore the only thing to do is for one of you to run down there. -- Pi 'in(<'an) hu hema habei. She did not catch a single one of them. --..mat o hema haho:nt. ..in order to marry one of them. --..'am hema 'ap(<'ep) 'a:'ad g 'o'odham. ..(they) sent another fellow down there. --..t 'ab haha hema 'ap(<'ep) o 'em'a'ahe. ..then it will be the turn of another one of you.--..hegam 'atp hi a(<va) hema 'i hegam, 'atp hu 'i. .. one of them it might be, maybe.--Kupt 'am o hema 'i ei g pa:la. You will notice a particular shovel.

hema vu Stat Expr: to be the one

ex: 'A:i 'a u hema 'a:i'i. I am the one.

hemaip Adv [distr: hehemaipa]: gathered together in one location

ex: Hemaip cu:c. They are forming (standing) one clump (trees) --Hemaip gegok. They are standing in one group (people) -- Hehemaipa geggok. They are standing in several groups (people)

hemajkam N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg hemajkam=ga-j]: a group of people

ex: Nt o ha'i hahemapa g hemajkam. I'll gather some of the people. --B(<'ab) o 'i hihhi g hemajkam. People will come here (from all over). -- Vo 'u'upam hihhi g hemajkam. The people will go back to where they each came from. -- Mt haha vo 'a:'ag g 'ehemajkamga. Tell it to your respective people!

hemajkam N indiv [pl: hehemajkam]: a person, a fellow hemajkam vu Stat Expr: to be a group of people
ex: He'ekia 'am u 'i hemajkam? What is the population figure down there (How many are the people down there)?

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hemajkam/ hemajmat hemajkam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hehemajkaml: to be a person, a fellow
ex: 'A kups hascu u 'i hemajkamc hab 'evua? What kind of a person could you possibly be to act like that? --'A kums hascu u 'i hehemajkamc hab 'evua? What kind of persons could you(pl) possibly be to act like that? ge pi hemajkam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a tough guy ex: Heg 'o o(<vu) a(<va) ge pi hemajkam hega'i. He is a tough guy, that one. -Hegam 'o o(<vu) ge pi hehemajkam. They are tough guys. ge'e hemajkam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a grown up person ex: D(<vu) 'aptp o vepo ge'e hemajkamk kutp o s'apekad hega'i. If you were a grown up person like me, it would be all right.--D(<vu) 'amtp o vepo ge'ege hehemajkamk If you(pl) were grownup persons like me pi ha'icu hemajkam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be no good, a person to be avoided, a person who doesn't amount to much ex: Pi 'o ha'icu u hemajkam. He is not a person to mix with. --Pi 'o ha'icu u hehemajkam. They are people to be avoided.

hemajkamag Stat impers Unit: to be populated, inhabited, to form a village in a single

location ex:'am hab he'esko 'atp 'i hemajkamag. the village was some distance away (from their house). --hegam matp 'am hemajkamag Jujkam. those Mexicans who lived in a village down there. -- Pi 'am hu hemajkamag. It's not inhabited down there.

hemajkamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of people, heavily inhabited in a single

location

hemajkamga s- Stat: to have a lot of people, a large population

ex: Shemajkamga 'ac 'am Santa-Rosat'am. We have a large population down at Santa Rosa.

hemajma s- Stat sgs [pls: s-hehemajma]: to be kind, gentle, broken in

ex: Shemajma hega'i 'o'odham. That fellow is gentle --Shemajma 'o g kavyu. The horse is broken in. --Pi hemajma g kavyu. The horse is wild (not gentle, not broken in).

hemajmacud Vtr sgo (for plo see hehemajmacud) [Neutr: def hemajmac; hort
hemajmacud]: to break in, tame, obj

hemajmakam s- N subst sg: one that is gentle, kind, broken in hemajmat Vintr sgs (for pls see hehemajmat) [Neutr: def hemajmat. Interr:
hemajmata-him]: to get broken in, to become gentle, tame ex: T o hemajmat. It will become tame (a wild animal, a wild horse). --Hemajmat ['at]. It is broken in (a horse that was wild).

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hemako/ hemapa[i]d hemako Num [distr: hehemako]: one, plus one (when counting ma:d is used)
ex: Hemako 'ont(<'ant) o mma: g 'o'ohon. I'll give you one book. --Hemako 'o(<'a) ki:. I have one house. --Hemako 'o(<'a) 'oidag. I have one field. --M(<'am) 'a a(<va) 'al 'i hemako ma. So far I have only one child. --B(<'ab) o hi a(<va) 'al hehemako da:dad. There will just be a few on here and there (about fruits on trees). gamai hemako Adv Expr: eleven (ten plus one)

hemakoho Adv: plus one time

gamai hemakoho Adv Expr: eleven times (ten plus one time)

hemakoji Adv: from, on, one side

ex: Hemakoji ku:p g nda:k. One of my nostrils is stuffed up (my nose is closed on one side). --Hemakoji 'apt o 'i 'ekup. Close one eye!

hemapa see Vtr hemapa[i]d= to gather, assemble obj in one place hemapa see Vreflex 'e-hemapa[i]d= to assemble, gather, get together in one place hemapai see Vtr hemapa[i]d= to gather, assemble obj in one place hemapai see Vreflex 'e-hemapa[i]d= to assemble, gather, get together in one place hemapa[i]d Vtr Unit (for Repet see hehemapad; for Distr see hehhemapad)
[Neutr: def hemapa[i]; hort and indef hemapa[i]d. Correl: hemapa[i]d-k; immed: hemapa[i]d-ka-'i]: to gather, assemble, obj in one location. ex: 'Oia 'an hab haha 'i hemapa hega'i ha'icu 'i hohog-momoikada. Then he gathered together (in one pile) various kinds of hides in the process of being tanned. --Nt o ha'i hahemapa g hemajkam. I'll gather some of the people (in one place). -- Nt 'i hahemapa 'idam ha'icu doakam. I gathered these animals here.--..mant 'am o ho(<ha)hemapa 'id'ea. ..that I will gather them inside it (the house) down there. -- Ha-g-hahemapad g 'e'o'odhamga! Gather your people together in one place! --..'am o hemapadk 'am o 'i ba'iha g hu ki: 'ea. ..gather it down there and take it inside her house!

hemapa[i]d Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-hehemapad; for Distr see 'ehehhemapad) [Neutr: def 'e-hemapa[i]; hort and indef 'e-hemapa[i]d. Correl: 'ehemapa[i]d-k; immed: 'e-hemapa[i]d-ka-'i]: to assemble, gather, get together in one place ex:..'ab 'i 'i(<'e)hemapa. ..they gathered together up there.--..matp hekid 'am 'i ves 'ehemapa. ..when they had all gathered together down there. --..mamt 'i o 'i 'i(<'e)hemapa. ..that you people will assemble here. -- 'ea ga hu hek hu 'ehemapadk 'amje 'ab eid. At the time they (the people) had already gathered up there and they saw him (coming their way).--..'ehemapadk 'ehemapad. ..they assemble and assemble. --'am o cum 'ehemapadk 'am o cum hanonlotad hega'i ha'a'an. ..they (the people) will gather there (at the boys' house) in order to attempt to buy them the feathers (of their birds).

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hemho/ hemu hemho Part: for sure, without failing, without exception
ex: ..c hemho va'a matp 'i vo mua. ..and there is no doubt that he will kill me. --Hekid ab a(<va) dagap hemho a(<va) vepegimad. Every time I touch it I get an electric shock. --M 'ac hekid 'i cum stvaccvimk hemho a(<va) jujku. Each time we would like to swim, it rains. --T hekid 'am 'i tje:gidk hemho 'am hu ab hashu 'am cece. Each time he addresses us at a meeting he talks nonsense. -- Ma hekid 'am a hihhim nolotaku vui c hemho a(<va) ha'icu hanonlot. Each time I go down to the store I buy something (from someone). -- Ma hekid a pi cecegtoc g hu dadac hemho a(<va) jeva. Every time I forget to put it in (the refrigerator) it rots.-- Heg hemho a(<va) sma:c mat has o juk o do'ibi'o. There is no doubt that he knows what to do to save him. --B(<hab) 'a 'elid mat hemho a(<va) skeg o bai g 'emcuamai. I think your cuamai is bound to bake well.-Hemho vva(<vo va) gigid. He is bound to put on weight (again and again). --'Ant hemho 'am o a(<va) hi:. I must go there. --Hemho 'apt 'am hab o a(<va) ju:. You must do it.--Pt hemho 'ab o a(<va) 'a:g. You must tell him. -- Na'ans hemho 'om(<'am) o a(<va) hi:. I should go there. --Na'aps hemho vva(<vo va) ei g ma:kai. You should see a doctor.

hemho Adv [distr: hehemho]: once

ex: Pa:nt 'a hemho domig 'ab. I make bread once a week. --Nam papant hehemho domig 'ab? Does each one of you make bread once a week? --Hemho 'i da'ak 'i vua. By bucking once he threw him down. --Hemho 'apt 'ep o 'i: 'ep! Have one more drink!

hemhon da:m Adv Expr: once more, once again hems Part: without 'i: hypothetical condition (if); with 'i: a particular hypothetical
condition ex: T hems hega'i ki: gm hu hub(<hab) o ke:kad! If only that house stood way over there! --'A a:pt cu'idk hab hems 'i cu'ijig? What on earth could be the cause of your behavior? -Ps hems 'i g 'evonom 'ab o va:. I thought you were going to put your hat on (but you did not). -- S hems 'i o ju:! I thought it was going to rain (but it did not).--B(<hab) 'atp hems hi o(<vo) a(<va) cei. That's what he might say. --Tp hems 'ep o jiva. He may come back.- 'Antp hems o dadge hega'i. I may wrestle with him.--..'an 'i 'oidahimk o ce: 'atp hems . ..follow it until you find it, if you do. --..cum 'antp 'a:i'i hems 'am hab o cum ju: t ab o ge:g. ..in spite of whatever I might try to do, he will beat me. -- Pi g o a 'i hama:k cum 'as hems o 'emkokda. Don't give them (the birds) to them even if they try to kill you. -Kut pi heba'i has o a 'i 'eju: cum 'as hems o tonom. He (the horse) will not give up even if he gets thirsty.

hemu Part indef: without 'i: now, soon, recently (as specified by the context); with 'i:
right now, right away, just now (as specified by the context) ex: Hemu 'u(<'o) mumkhim. He is now in the process of dying. -- Hek 'ac hu bebbhe g ha:a-bahidag c hemu pi behe. We used to get saguaro fruits now we don't. -- Hemu

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hemu/ hetasp
'u(<'o) u namkida. Today (now) is payday. --ma hemu hab masmakaj him. which is the reason why I am now here. --mo hemu 'ida 'an ma:s hega'i Ho'ok 'ana'i. (the tracks) of that Ho'ok to this day are visible up there. -- N(<'an) g o:m hemu k o na:to! Sew that seam now and you'll have it finished! --Hemu 'ut(<'at) o hemajmat. He will soon be broken in. -- Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o mma:. Soon I will give it to you. --Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'e'o'odhamc. He has recently become an adult. -- Kutt hemu 'am o 'i tnakok hab a(<va) masma hab 'ep hi o ju:. As soon as we are ready, we'll do it in the same way (as he did).

hemuj Stat: to be new, recent hemukam N subst [pl: hehemukam]: new

ex: hemukam aliv: a new pair of pants

hemukam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hehemukam]: to be (a) new one(s)

ex: 'In ve:c u si hehemukam. They are lying (on the ground) and they are brand new.

hemu maad NExpr: new moon hehuncud (assim of *hehu:cud) Vimpers tr [Neutr: def hehunc]: to make obj have
the hiccoughs (same as hehupaicud) ex: hehunc ['at]. It gave me the hiccoughs.

hehu:ig N: hiccough hehup[a]dam N subst: one having the hiccoughs (hiccoughing continually) hehup[a]dam vu Stat Expr: to be one having the hiccoughs
ex: D(<vu) 'a hehupdam. I am one with the hiccoughs.

hehupaicud Vimpers tr [Neutr: def hehupaic]: to make obj hiccough (same as

hehuncud) ex: si hehupaic. It made me hiccough hard.

hehuppa Vintr [Neutr: indef hehuppa]: to hiccough reiteratedly

ex: Hehuppa 'o. He hiccoughs again and again.

hepelk Stat sgs: to be concave hepelkad Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort hepelkad]: to make obj become concave hetasp Num [distr: he:tasp]: five, plus five
gamai hetasp Mod Expr: fifteen (ten plus five)

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hetasp[h]o/ hevacu hetasp[h]o Adv: plus five times

gamai hetaspho Adv Expr: fifteen times (ten plus five times)

heubagid (assim of *hevbagid) [Neutr: def heubag; hort heubagid]: to let obj cool off
ex: Nt o heubag g u:dag. I'll let the water cool off.

heubagid (assim of *hevbagid) Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-heubag]: to cool off, relax,
take a rest ex: Nt o heubag. I'll take a rest.

heum (assim of *hevm) Vintr Unit (for Repet see heummuk) sgs (for pls see hevko'o) [Neutr: def heum. Interr: heum-him]: to get cold
ex: Heum 'ant. I am cold (I became cold). --Heumhim 'a. I am getting cold.

heumcud (assim of *hevmcud) Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see hevko'icud) [Neutr: def
heumc]: to make obj get cold ex: T o heumc. It will make me get cold (I'll get cold from it).

heumdag (assim of *hevmdag) N: chill, feeling of being cold heumdag (assim of *hevmdag) s- Stat sgs: to get cold easily heumkam N subst sg (for pl see hevko'ikam): one that is cold heumkam vu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu hevko'ikam): to be one that is cold
ex: 'A:i 'a u heumkam. I am one who is cold.

heummuk (assim of *hevmmuk) Vintr Repet (for Unit see heum) sgs: to get cold
repeatedly

heumtalig N: endurance to cold (Pima word; same as hevstalig) heu'u Exclam: yes
ex: Heu'u, pen 'ea hek hu ha'a:gid. Oh yes, I forgot, at the time he had already told them.

hev see Vintr heve= to blow (the wind) hevacu N indiv [pl: hehevacu]: a bird, redbacked junco

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hev[a]gid/ hevelhog hev[a]gid Vtr [Neutr: def hevag; hort and indef hev[a]gid. Dur: hev[a]gida-d]: to
inhale obj, to take a sniff of obj (see also hehevagid) ex: 'Atp 'am 'i hevag hega'i mo hob(<hab) 'u:v. He inhaled that which had that smell.--Nt o hevag. I'll inhale it. --B(<'ab) g ha hevgid! Take a sniff of it (inhale some of it)! -- Si 'i hevgid! Take a good sniff of it! --k hab 'u:v mac hemu 'in hevgid g je:jena. and it smelled as when now we inhale cigarette smoke. --'A hevgid a 'a(<'o) va 'i s'o'odham 'u:v 'i:ya'a. I smell (by inhaling) a strong human smell here.

hev[a]gidamk s-cu- Stat Expr sgs: to like to take a sniff at things hevaj Vintr [Neutr: def hevaj. Interr: hevaj[i]-him]: to cool off, to become cool (by
itself) ex: Hevaj ['at]. It has cooled off. --Hevajhim ['o]. It's cooling off.

hev[e] (assim of *heva) Vintr [Neutr: def hev; hort hevel; imper sgs heveli-; indef
heve. Dur: hev[e]a-d. Interr: hevel[i]-him]: to blow (wind), to be blowing in the wind ex: Tk o 'i hev. Apparently it's going to get windy (it is going to blow). -- B(<'ab) 'o hevelhim. The wind is blowing this way. -- No heve? Is it windy? --B(<'ab) 'o hi a(<va) a 'al heve. The wind is blowing this way -- Heve 'o. It is windy. -- Si 'o heve. It is very windy.--'O ob(<vab) si heve. There is just too much wind. --Pi 'o 'i hu ha heve 'i:ya'a. There is not the slightest amount of wind here. --Tk o a 'al hevead. Apparently, there will be some wind.-- 'U'us 'a'ai si heve. The trees are shaken in all directions by the wind.

hevel see Vintr hev[e]= to blow (wind), to blow in the wind hevel (assim of *heval) N mass: wind
ex: Melto 'ot(<'at) g hevel. The wind stopped blowing (running). --Meltohim 'o g hevel. The wind is dying down.

hevel in a gevp g hevel VExpr: to take the edge off one's hunger hevelho see Vintr hevelhog= to blow (breeze, draft) hevelhog (assim of *hevalhog) Vintr [Neutr: def hevelho; indef hevelhog. Dur:
hevelhoga-d. Interr: hevelhog[i]-him]: to blow (breeze, draft) ex: 'I ku:pi'ok g vinda t 'ab o 'i hevelho! Open the window so that the breeze blows in! --Shevhogam hevelhog. There is a cool breeze (it blows cool). --Hevelhog 'o. It's drafty.

hevelhog (assim of *hevalhog) N mass: breeze, draft

ex: a 'ab 'i va:k g hevelhog. There is a slight breeze coming in.

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hevelhogidaku/ hevko'icud hevelhogidaku (assim of *hevalhogidaku) N indiv: fan (instrument blowing a

breeze for someone)

hevelig (assim of *hevalig) N inalien[1rst pers sg hevelig]: somebody's breath hevel-'e'es NComp aggreg: a flower, bugles (wind plants) hevhog s- Stat sgs [pls: s-hehevhog]: to be cool
ex: u:dag 'o shevhog. The water is cool. --Pi 'o hevhog. It's not cool. -- kut 'am o shevhogk g hemajkam. so that people will be cool. -- ..kut 'am o a(<va) a 'i shevhogkad. ..so that one will be quite cool (constantly).

hevhogam/ hevhogim s- Adv: cool, coolly

ex: Shevhogam heve. There is a cool wind blowing. -- Shevhogam hevelhog. There is a cool breeze blowing.

hevhogcu s- N subst: one that is cool hevhogi Vintr sgs [Neutr: def hevhogi. Interr: hevhogi-him]: to become cool (as when
being fanned) ex: Hevhogi 'it(<'at). He/it is cool (has gotten cool, has cooled off) --Nat 'am a(<va) hevhog? Is it cool enough?

hevhogid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hevhog; hort and indef hevhogid. Dur: hevhogida-d]: to
cool off obj (as by fanning) ex: Nt o hevhog g u:dag. I'll cool the water off. -- 'I hevhogid! Cool it off! --Hevhogid 'a g ki:. I am cooling off the house.

hevhogidaku N: cooler, air conditioner (instrument to cool things) hevhogim see Adv s-hevhogam= cool, in a cool way hevhosid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hevhos; hort hevhosid]: to cool off obj (by blowing on it) hevk see Vintr hevko'o= to get cold hevkohim see Vintr hevko'o= to get cold hevko'icud Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see heumcud) [Neutr: def hevko'ic]: to make obj
get cold ex: Thevko'ic ['at]. It got us cold (we got cold from it).

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hevko'ikam/ he'ekia hevko'ikam N subst pl (for sg see heumkam): ones that are cold hevko'ikam vu Stat Expr pls (for sgs see vu heumkam): to be ones that are cold
ex: 'A:cim 'ac u hevko'ikam. We are ones who are cold.

hevko'o Vintr pls (for sgs see heum) [Neutr: def hevk; indef hevko'o. Interr: hevkohim]: to get cold ex: Hevk 'att. We are cold (we got cold).

hevstalig N: endurance to cold (a Pima word; same as heumtalig) hevum[a]dam ha- N subst: one that sniffs continually at people hevto Vintr [Neutr: def hevto. Interr: hevto-him]: to stop blowing, to die down (as of the
wind) ex: Hevto 'otk(<'atk). The wind stopped blowing.-- a 'atk a(<va) 'i hevto. The wind died down some.

he'ekad Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-hehe'ekad) [Neutr: def 'e-he'eka; hort 'ehe'ekad]: to smile ex: Ha'as a(<va) 'a(<'e)he'eka. He stopped smiling. --'I g 'i 'i('e)he'ekad! Smile!

he'ekadc semi Stat reflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-he'ekadc. Dur: 'e-he'ekadci-d]: to
have a smile on, to be smiling ex: B(<vab) 'ap 'i 'i(<'e)he'ekadc. You do nothing but grin.

he'ek s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-he'ek; pls: s-hehe'ek]: to be sour
ex: She'ek 'o. It's sour. --Pi 'o he'ek. It's not sour.

he'eka Vintr sgs [Neutr: def he'eka. Interr: he'eka-him]: to become sour he'ekcu (dial: s-he'ekcu'u) s- N subst: one that is sour he'ekia Mod [pl/distr: hehe'ekia]: without 'i : of about a certain amount, number; with 'i:
of a certain amount, number, several ex: He'ekia 'e? What time is it? -- He'ekia 'ap havapke g 'ega? What size clothes do you wear? --..cum 'as he'ekia snamkig ha'icu vo 'emma:k o sha'u'im hegam 'emooiga. ..no matter the value of what they offer you(pl) in exchange for your pets. --B(<vab) he'ekia 'ahid t o jejeva. In a few years, it will rot. --..hog-aliv c 'i'ispul c matp he'ekia ha'icu mo 'om(<'am) hab 'a:g. ..the chaps and spurs and the many things that he had mentioned. --..mo 'om(<'am) he'ekia ha'icu u 'i 'u'uv hacikpan. ..(she was good at) the various things that are the tasks of women. --..m'an he'ekia ha'icu 'i cum tgegusid. ..the

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he'ekia/ he'es
various things that we eat. --..m'an he'ekia ha'icu vu 'i doakam 'an jevu da:m. ..the various kinds of animals that are on the earth. --..cum 'as he'ekia vo hab a(<va) kaijid. ..no matter how much they say. --..c ababa 'al he'ekia vo 'e'ui. ..but few will be taken. --K he'ekia namkg 'i:da'a? How much does this cost? -- He'ekia 'o namkig. It costs a certain amount. -- He'ekia 'i ha'i: g kokoba? How many glasses did you drink? --He'ekia 'apt 'i 'o'ohon hanolot? How many books did you buy? --Hehe'ekia 'amt 'i 'u:'u g mansa:na? How many apples did each one of you pick? -- P he'ekia 'i 'ahid[ag] 'i a(<va) 'i 'oimme? How many years have you been here? --He'ekia 'i him g maad ta ? What day of the month is it (how many days has the month lasted)?-- Hab masma hab 'eju: 'atp he'ekia 'i 'a'ahid. It went on that way for a few years. --matp he'ekia 'i lial 'egid. the total amount of money that he owns. --..c 'atp 'am he'ekia 'i gi'ik e'i vo 'a: 'am o dahaiva 'e'ulinhogk. ..and after a total of four songs they will sit down to rest. --..he'ekia 'i mi:l pi:. ..several thousands of dollars.--..mamt 'im ha'i hu o hihi he'ekia 'i hemajkam mu'ij 'am o hihi. ..that some of you will go there, a number of people, many of you should go there. --He'ekia 'am u 'i hemajkam? What is the population figure down there? --P he'ekia vu 'ahidag/'a'ahidkam? How old are you? --He'ekia 'o (<vu) a(<va) 'i g 'o:la? What time is it (how many hours is it)? --..ves 'ab o namk hega'i mapt he'ekia 'i ha'icu ge:g. ..(1) will pay the total amount of what you won from me. --He'ekia 'at 'i 'episal? How much does it/he/she weigh? --K he'ekia 'i mnamkid g 'o:la? How much does he pay you per hour? -He'ekia 'an 'i hahavul? How many knots did (you) tie? --P he'ekia 'i haivaga? How many cows do you(sg) have? --Hehe'ekia 'am 'i hahaivaga? How many cows does each one of you have? --K he'ekia 'i nanamkig 'idam? What's the total price for these?

he'ekiaj Stat [pl/distr: hehe'ekiaj]: without 'i: to be of about a certain amount, number;
with 'i: to constitute a certain (fairly large) amount, number ex: He'ekiaj 'i 'a'al 'am maciamakuc'e? How many children are there in the school? 'al he'ekiaj Stat Expr: to be a few

he'ekiap Adv: without 'i:= about a certain (fairly large) number of places; with 'i= a
certain number of places, several places ex: P he'ekiap a(<va) 'i hihhim? How many places do you(sg) go to?

he'ekio Adv: without 'i= about a certain number of times; with 'i= a certain (fairly
large) number of times, several times ex: P he'ekio 'i vakom g 'emo'o domig 'ab? How many times a week do you wash your hair? --T he'ekio 'i mvasib? How many times did he serve you a drink?

he'ekko see he'esko he'es Mod [pl/distr: hehe'es]: without 'i= of about a certain size (with aggregate and
individual nouns), quantity (with mass nouns); with 'i= of a certain size (with aggregate and individual nouns), quantity (with mass nouns)

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he'es/ he'eskoji
ex: he'es ha'a: olla of a certain size --.. 'antp he'es ha'icu pi 'am hu hab kaij I may have left out a portion (of the story). --..matt 'am a(<va) he'es hab o ju: g she:kig ha'icu. ..that we will have a considerable celebration. -- he'es ab 'ab ge je:jig hega'i ki:. It is reported that the walls of the house had (unexpectedly) considerable holes. --Hehe'es 'amt 'i be:be g toki? How much cotton did each one of you pick? -- Tp 'in hab he'es u(<vu) 'i hodai. It was a rock of a considerable size.--..'am hab ha'i 'al 'i hagagc s(<kus) hehe'es 'al 'i. ..she made them some kind of bows, I don't know the size.--.. he'es 'i ce'ecev vo vuha. I don't know how tall they (the plants) will grow. --He'es a(<va) 'i ge'eda hega'i? How grown is he? -- ia k 'atp he'es 'i ge'eda hega'i viappoi. Well, and the boy grew to a considerable size. --ia k 'atp 'am hehe'es a 'i ge'ege. Well, and they grew to a considerable size. --He'es 'i cevaj? How tall is he? -- He'es 'i ge'ej g m'aliga? How big is your child? --He'es o'i ge'ejkad map heg tacu? What size do you want it?-- ...c hab o 'e:kegk he'es 'i 'ab do'agt'ab. .. and there will be a considerable amount of shade on the mountain.

he'esij Stat [pl/distr: hehe'esij]: without 'i= to be of about a certain size, quantity; with
'i= to constitute a certain size, quantity ex: He'esij 'ap 'i 'a:pi'i? What's your(sg) size? -- Hehe'esij 'am 'i 'a:pim? What are your(pl) respective sizes? --He'esij 'i g m'aliga? What's the size of your child? --He'esij 'o 'i hega'i? What's his size? -- Hehe'esij 'o 'i hegam? What are their respective sizes?

he'esko (dial: he'ekko) Adv: without 'i= about a certain distance; with 'i= a certain
distance ex:mant heg'oidk 'am o hi: maptp he'esko heba'i hab 'i 'elid. that I will travel along it at whatever distance you wish. --He'esko 'i ki: hega'i? How far does he live? -He'esko 'o 'i? How far is it? --He'esko 'i g Cuk-on? How far is Tucson? --He'esko 'opt(< 'apt) o 'i hi: 'id 'i takaj? How far will you go today? -- P he'esko 'i hihhim? How far do you go (repeatedly)? --Kutp 'ab 'i hab heba'i he'esko 'i daha g Ban. Somewhere, at a certain distance from where the boys are, sits Coyote. --..'ab hihimk 'ab hab he'esko 'i daha. ..having come up there some distance away they were sitting.--Tp 'ab he'esko 'i on hega'i vav. Some distance away was the base of the cliff. --matp ha'ap he'esko 'i ki:. ..who lived some distance away in that direction. --Tp g Ban gm hab he'esko 'i 'ep ki: 'ep. Coyote also lived some distance away in the same direction. --..k 'am hab he'esko 'atp 'i hemajkamag. ..and the village was some distance away (from them). --'Atp gn hab he'esko 'i 'akig. Some distance away there was a wash. --'Atsp he'esko 'i 'im hab 'i vo'o ve:gaj. Some distance away on the other side of the charco.--'..am himk 'ab he'esko 'i via hega'i ki:j. ..after a while there remained a certain distance (to reach) her house.

he'eskoji Adv: from a certain distance

ex:k 'ab he'eskoji 'ab si vua hega'i ogivul. and a certain distance from there (where she was) he gave a good kick to the kicking ball.

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he'es 'i/ he:gamdag he'es 'i Adv Expr: a certain amount of time, a while
ex: P he'es 'i hihhim? How long do you walk (repeatedly)? --'I a(<va) daivc 'in he'es 'i tve:m na:nko cu'igkahidc haha va 'ep hihhim. They usually come here and keep us company for a while and then they go again. --..c 'ab he'es 'i 'oyopo heg'ab g do'ag. ..and (we) stay up there on that mountain for a while. --ia k 'atp 'amje 'am 'ep ki: 'ep 'am hi a(<va) 'i he'es 'i. Well, and after that she lived down there again for a while. --M(<'am) he'es o a 'i scuk. In a while it will be dark.

he'es 'i him VExpr intr: to last for a certain amount of time, for a while
ex: ..matp 'am he'es 'i hi:. ..it lasted for a certain amount of time. --c 'am he'es o 'i hi: g vailla kut 'im hu o me:. ..and the dance will last for a while and she will run here. --..'am hu heba'i matp 'am he'es 'i hi: g scuhugam. ..sometime during the night (when the night had lasted a while).

he'es 'i himdam vu Stat Expr: to constitute a certain amount of time

ex: ia tp 'am he'es u 'i himdamc 'am a 'al 'i ge'ege. Well, after a certain amount of time they had reached a fair size. --ia k 'atp 'am 'amje he'es u 'i himdam 'am hab 'i kaij hega'i viappoiWell, and a certain amount of time after that, the boy said

he'es 'i ta Adv Expr: how long?

ex: P he'es 'i ta 'i a(<va) 'i 'oimme? How long have you been here? --P he'es 'i ta cikpan hemako ta 'ab? How long do you work per day? --He'es 'apt 'i ta ku:? How long did you lock him up? -- He'es 'ap 'i ta ku:pkahim? How long have you been locked up? --He'es 'apt 'i ta o ku:pkad? How long will you be locked up?

he:-

he:g N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg he:ga-j); pl: heheg]: co-wife; lover (term formerly
used in joking relationship between co-wives to refer to and/or address each other; now used to refer to either one of the mates' lover)

he:gam s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-he:gam]: to be jealous of obj

ex: Shahe:gam 'atp hegam vi:piop. They may be jealous of those boys. --She:gam 'o hega'i. He is jealous of him/her.

he:gamdag N: jealousy
ex: 'ai g he:gamdag. Jealousy overtook me.

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he:gamk/ he:kc he:gamk s-cu- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-cu-he:gamk); pls: s-cu-hehegamk]: to have a
jealous temperament (to be jealous of everybody)

he:gamkam s- N subst: one who is jealous he:k see N hek= armpit he:kig s- Stat: to be happy
ex: Kus hascu 'a:gc si she:kigc hab kaij. I wonder why they are so happily making this noise.--'A:i 'a si she:kig. I am very happy. --Tve:m o she:kigk! Be happy with us!

he:kigam s- N subst: one that is happy he:kigam vu s- Stat Expr: to be one that is happy he:kigcud s- V impers tr [Neutr: def s-he:kigc]: to make obj become pleased, to be
agreable, pleasant, to obj ex: 'Id 'at o she:kigc. This will be fine with me.

he:kigcud Vtr [Neutr: def he:kigc; hort and indef he:kigcud]: to praise God (same as
he:kigculid) ex: M g 'i he:kigcud! Praise Him!

he:kigcul[i]d Vtr [Neutr: def he:kigcul; hort and indef he:kigculid. Interr:
he:kigcul[i)]da-him]: to praise God (same as he:kigcud) ex: M g 'i he:kigculid! Praise Him! --Si he:kigculid g Jio . They praise God highly.

he:kigt s- Vintr [Neutr: def s-he:kigt. Interr: s-he:kigta-him]: to celebrate, to rejoice

ex: Tve:m o she:kigt! Rejoice with us!

he:k s- Adj: happy

ex: 'Id 'o she:k u 'uv. She is a happy woman.

he:kc/hehekc semi Stat [Neutr: indef he:kc. Dur: he:kci-d]: to have one's arms
around the shoulders of two people (being in the middle) ex: Hahe:kc. He has both of his arms around their shoulders.

he:kc/ hehekc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-he:kc. Dur: 'e-he:kcid]: to have
one's arms around each other's shoulders ex: 'Ehe:kc hihim. They are walking with their arms around each other's shoulders.

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he:kcug/ he:p he:kcug Vtr: to move with one's arms around two people's shoulders he:lva Vintr sgs [Neutr: def he:lva. Interr: he:lvu-him]: to slide on one's buttocks
(without meaning to, as when falling) ex: He:lva 'ant. I slid (on my buttocks). --He:lvuhim 'o. He is sliding (on his buttocks).

he:ncud (assim of *he:cud) Vimpers tr [Neutr: def he:nc. Interr: he:ncuda-him]: to

cause obj to get a fit of whooping cough, to get a fit of whooping cough from something, from doing something ex: he:ncudahim 'o. It's giving me a fit of whooping cough.

he: Vintr [Neutr: def he:. Interr: he:[i]-him]: to have a fit of whooping cough
ex: He: 'ant. I coughed (with whooping cough). -- He:him 'a. I am coughing.

he:ig N: whooping cough he:im N subst aggreg: one(s) having a fit of whooping cough he:im vu Stat Expr: to be one having a fit of whooping cough
ex: D(<vu) 'a he:im. I am one having a fit of whooping cough. --D(<vu) 'ac he:im. We are ones having fits of whooping cough.

he:pi Vintr [Neutr: def he:pi. Interr: he:p[i]-him]: to become cold (of weather) he:pi s- Vintr [Neutr: def s-he:pi. Interr: s-he:p[i]-him]: to become real cold
ex: Vat o she:pi. It's going to get real cold. -- She:pihim 'o. It's getting real cold.

he:pid s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-he:pid; def s-he:pid=k. Dur: s-he:pid=ka-d. Interr: she:pid=ka-him]: to be cold (of weather) ex: No she:pid g ta ? Is it a cold day? --Hevel 'o she:pid. The wind is cold.

he:pidam s- Adv: cold, coldly

ex: She:pidam heve. A cold wind is blowing (it's blowing coldly).

he:pijid Vtr [Neutr: def he:pij; hort he:pijid]: to chill obj he:pijidaku N indiv: refrigerator (instrument to chill things) he:p s- Adj: cold
ex:'im hab she:p jevu ta:gio. in the direction of the north (cold land). --'Id 'o she:p u ta . This is a cold day.

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he:p[]cu/ hialvimad he:p[]cu: s- N subst: one that is cold (about the weather) he:tasp see Mod hetasp= five

hi-

hi Part : indicates that the speaker is making a subjective statement hia see Vintr hi'a= to urinate hia N mass: fine sand (as on beach) hiabi'o see Vtr hiabi'ok= to unearth obj hiabi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def hiabi'o; hort hiabi'ok]: to remove the soil on top of obj, to
unearth obj (similar to hiapi'ok) ex: Hiabi'o g ki:. He removed the mud cover on top of the house.

Hiac'e-'O'odham N Comp aggreg: a group of 'O'odham living in Mexico between

the border and the Gulf of California

hiag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of sand in a single location hiagam N subst: one (place) with sand Hiakim N aggreg/indiv [pl/distr: hihakim]: Yaqui Indian Hiakimag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hihakimag): to be full of Yaqui
Indians in a single location

hialvi N: poison, poisonous thing(s) hialvicud Vtr [Neutr: def hialvic; hort hialvicud]: to poison obj
ex: T o ho(<ha)hialvic. It will poison them.

hialvimad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort hialvimad]: to put poison in obj's food
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)hialvimad. I'll poison their food. --Ha-g-hialvimad! Poison their food!

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hia/ hibu hia N aggreg: tarantula hiaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hihaig): to be full of tarantulas in one
location ex: 'Am 'o shiaig. It's full of tarantulas, down there.

hia-vagga NComp (?): tarantula burrow hia see Vtr hiap= to cover obj with soil, to bury obj hia see Vreflex 'e-hiap= to get stuck (in sand) hiak, hiaka'i see Vtr hiap= to cover obj with soil, to bury obj hiak in Navijhu Hiak subst NExpr: a place name (Where Navijhu was Buried) hiap Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hia ; hort hiap[]; imper sgs hiapa-; Correl: hia-k; immed:
hia-ka-'i]: to cover obj with soil, to bury obj ex: ..'ab a 'al hia. ..he buried it (under a fair coat of soil). --'al komal o hia ! ...bury me under a thin coat of soil! --Kumt g'ea 'am o hia hega'i. You(pl) will bury me in that. --'am hiak a(<va) voho ab 'an 'al skomal vua g 'o'o da:m. they buried her by putting just a very thin coat of coarse sand on top of her.

hiap Vreflex sgs [Neutr: 'e-hia]: to get stuck (in sand or mud)
ex: 'Ant hia 'am 'o'oc'e. I got stuck in gravel (when driving in a wash)

hiapaag in ha'icu hiapaag NExpr: permanent earth cover of something

ki:-hiapaag NComp (?): mud cover on the roof of a house

hiapa[a]gaj N sg: earth cover on top of a specified entity (its earth cover) hiapi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hiapi'o; hort hiapi'ok]: to remove soil covering obj, to
unearth obj (similar to hiabi'ok)

hia'i see Vintr hi'a= to urinate hibu see Vtr hibun= to sprinkle obj hibu see Vreflex 'e-hibun= to sprinkle oneself hibu Vintr: to spurt hibua Vintr: to sputter

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hibun/ hido hibun Vtr [Neutr: def hibu; hort hibun]: to sprinkle, spray obj with the juice of a
plant after chewing it (one of the curing rites performed by the medicine man)

hibun Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hibu; hort 'e-hibun]: to sprinkle, spray oneself with the
juice of a plant after chewing it (a curing rite) ex: hekaj 'i si 'i(<'e)hibu. .he sprinkled it all over himself (he sprinkled himself with it). -- N(< 'an) g 'ehibun! Sprinkle yourself (with it)!

hibunaku in mumuval hahibunaku NExpr: spray gun (instrument to spray a

liquid on flies)

hido see Vtr hido= to cook, stew obj hido Vtr Unit (for Repet see hihido) sing (for mult see hihido; for Distr see hihhido) [Neutr: def hido; hort and indef hido; imper sgs hidoa-, pls hido-o.
Correl: hido-k; immed: hido-ka-'i]: to cook obj in a single cooking pot, to make one kind of dish with obj ex: Nt o hido g mu:. I'll make a bean stew. --Nt o hido g 'ia. I'll stew my saguaro fruit pulp. -- M(<'am) 'ant ab o ho(<ha) hido g 'ia. I'll just stew some of my saguaro fruit pulp. -- Pt ab o doak hido! Cook it (a chicken) whole (without cutting it)! --Pt ab dodak o hido! Cook them (potatoes) whole (without cutting them)! --Ba:bas maptk 'am manjugc'e hido a 'i s'i'ov. Your fried potatoes (the potatoes that you cooked in fat) are quite tasty. -- Ha'icu g hido! Make a stew! --Mu: g hido! Make a bean stew! ...'am haha hidok 'am 'i na:tok 'am haha na:to g sitol. ...then he cooked it until it was done and then he made the syrup.

hido Vreflex sing [Neutr: def 'e-hido]: to get cooked (one kind of food)
ex: Hab 'e'a:g mat voho 'am 'ehido g tova. He thought that the turkey was ready (really cooked).

hido N inalien mass [sing (3rd pers sg hidoa-j); mult hihido]: cooked food, stew ex:
(<'a) hu:kajid g hido. I am warming up the stew. --Ge'ej g pimiando 'am hidoc'e. There is a lot of pepper in the stew. -- Cum hekid 'ap si 'onmad g 'ehido. You always put a lot of salt in your cooking. --M g ha'o'onmad g hihido! Put salt in every one of the dishes (there are several cooking pots on the fire)! ba:bas-hido NComp alien/inalien mass [3rd pers sg ba:bas-hidoa-j]: potato stew ex: Ba:bas-hidoaj a 'i s'i'ov. Her potato stew is real tasty. cucul-hido NComp alien/inalien mass: chicken stew cu:kug-hido NComp alien/inalien mass sing [mult: cu:kug-hihido]: meat stew (made with one variety of meat) cu:kug-hido vi'idag NExpr inalien mass: left-over meat stew cu:v-hido NComp alien /inalien mass: rabbit stew

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hido/ hidolid
mu:-hido NComp alien /inalien mass [(3rd pers sg mu:-hido[=ga]-j); distr: mu:-hihido]; bean stew ex: Ha bia g mu:-hido. She dished out some bean stew. --'I:da'a mu:-hido 'o a 'i s'onk.This bean stew is quite salty. --Vo bibbia g 'emu:-hihidoga! Each one of you (will) dish out your respective bean stews! mu:-hido vi'idag NExpr inalien mass: left-over bean stew emaj-hido NComp alien/inalien mass: liver stew

hidoa N: act of cooking one kind of dish hidoa N inalien: dish (one kind of food in the process of cooking) hidoakam s-N subst sg: one good at cooking hidoakam s-ta- Stat sg (pl: s-ta-hihidoakam): to be real good at cooking hidoaku N indiv [pl: hihidoaku]: cooking pot
ex: G hu jivak 'am va hekaj na:dk 'am dai g hidoaku. As soon as he got back (he got back and right away) he made a fire and put (sat) the cooking pot on. --No 'om(<'am) a(< va) ma'ip g hidoaku? Is the lid on the cooking pot (is the cooking pot covered)? bid-hidoaku NComp (?) indiv: cooking pot made of clay (such as a bean pot)

hidoaku-ma'ipaag NComp (?) indiv: lid (pot covering) hidoaku in ko:mag-hidoaku NComp aggreg: a variety of lizard (gray
cooking pot)

hidoas Stat: to have been cooked

ex: ba:bas 'am manjugc'e hidoas: fried potatoes (potatoes cooked in fat)

hido-biadam NComp(?) aggreg: one(s) whose job is to dish out food from the
cooking pot (at one feat)

hido-mehidag NComp (?): burnt food (in a cooking pot) hidol see Vdtr hidolid: to cook, stew obj for somebody hidolid Vdtr sing (for mult see hihidolid) [Neutr: def hidol; hort hidolid]: to cook obj
(one kind of food) for somebody

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hidolid/ hiha'a
ex:mapt 'am o ho(<ha)hidol g 'a'al. so that you will cook it for the children. -- Napt ha'icu hidol? Did you cook something for me? --'am o ho(<ha)ma:k g 'eje'e t 'am o 'emhidol. give them to your mother so that she will cook them for you(pl). --M g hidolid! (Could you) cook it for me!

hig N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg higa-j); pl: hihig]: navel hig Part: should, might, could
ex: Na'as 'am hig a(<va) ha'icu u hega'i mant 'am has masma hab o njuk o nda:m-ce:. There should be something that I could do to revenge myself. --Kut hebi(<heba'i) hab hig o kaijid? Where could the sound be? --Mek hig haeid. You should run to see them. -Kutp 'am hig a(<va) has masma hab cu'igk 'atp g hu si daha. It might be that he is (sitting) way underneath. --mat hab masma hab hig o haju:. (they decided) what they might do to them. -- mamt 'am hig ha'icu o 'i mamacehi 'im hab tbaic. ... that you should find out something on our behalf. --M(<'am) g hig a ndagito. You should let go of me! --Nt 'am hig ba'ic o a has nju:. I should try something else. --mapt 'ab hig o va 'al 'i ha ta g 'enov. could you open your hand just a little bit! --Tt hig o hihi. We should go. -- Kutt 'am hig o a 'i mamce ha'icu. We should find out something (about it). --Tt hig o hihimk o siko hega'i. We should go and hoe for that fellow. --'Att hig o tgins. We should play gins against each other. --Pi 'iptp(<'aptp) hig je:. You should not smoke. -- Napt hig o 'enako? Could you do it? (What makes you think that you could do it?). -Ku 'am hab hig a(<va) 'elid. That is what I had planned. -- Nap hig pi 'am a(<va) sma:c. You may already know it.

hig 'i Part Expr: up to, it is up to

ex: Heg hig 'i. It is up to him. --Hegam hig 'i. It is up to them.--'A:cim hig 'i. It is up to us. -- 'A:pi'i hig 'i a'a(<va'a). It is up to you indeed.

Hihakim see N Hiakim= Yaqui Indian Hihakimag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-Hiakimag): to be full of Yaqui
Indians in several locations

hihaig s- Stat impers (for Unit see s-hiaig): to be full of tarantulas in various
locations

hihapaag see N hiapaag= earth cover hiha'a Vintr pls (for sg see hi'a) [Neutr: def, hort and indef hiha'a. Correl: hiha'a-k;
immed: hiha'a-ka-'i]: to urinate ex: Namt 'am a(<va) hiha'a? Did you(pl) urinate? --c hegam 'am 'ep hi vuhak gm hu hiha'a. and those in turn got out and urinated over there.

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hiha'i/ hihhimdam hiha'i see N hihi'a= grave(s) hihhi see N hihi= one's bowels, intestines hihhi see Vintr hihhim= to walk, go on foot hihhido Vtr Distr (for Unit sing see hido; for Repet see hihido) [Neutr: def
and hort hihhido]: to cook obj ex: Vo hihhido g 'e'i''a! Each one of you, cook your respective saguaro fruit pulp!

hihhij see N hihij= pulp of saguaro fruits hihhim Vintr Repet (for Unit sgs see him, pls see hihim; for Distr see hihhim)
[Neutr: indef hihhim; concurs hihhim-c. Correl: hihhim-k. Dur:hihhima-d. Interr: hihhima-him]: to walk, go on foot repeatedly (in the direction specified by context) ex: Ves si'alim 'a 'am hihhim tianda vui. Every morning I go to the store. -- Nap 'am a(< va) hihhim tianda vui? Do you go to the store repeatedly? -- 'Ab 'o si 'i hihhim. He comes here all the time (too often). --Mo hekid 'i a(<va) jijivha 'an bebbhe g ya:v ma 'an ceckac gm hu hihhim. When he gets here he gets the key where I put it as I go out. -'ab vuke hega'i kc 'ab hihhimc 'am nanamek hega'i. ..time after time he comes out and goes up there and meets her. -- matp 'am hihhimc 'am ee'id. ..they repeatedly go down there and look at it. -- 'ab ha'as hu 'i hihhimk 'an hab 'ep cecce. .. every time I take a few steps (walk a little way) the noise starts again. -- B(<'ab) g 'i hihhimad ves takaj! Come here every day! --Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu hihhimad! You(pl) don't be going down there continually!-- ..c hekid o 'ip scuckad 'ant haha vo hihhimad. ..and every night after it has gotten dark I'll be going (walking). -- Hek hu 'am 'ac hihhimahimc hemu haha pi 'im hu hihhim. Formerly we used to go there all the time but now we don't. 'a'ai hihhim: to walk back and forth, to and fro ex: 'An hi a(<va) 'a'ai hihhim. He keeps walking back and forth (I don't know why).

hihhim Vintr Distr (for Unit sgs see him, pls see hihim; for Repet see hihhim)
[Neutr: def hihhi; hort and indef hihhim. Dur: hihhima-d]: to walk, go on foot in various directions (specified by context) ex: Vo 'u'upam hihhi g hemajkam. The people wil1 go back (to their respective homes).B(<'ab) o 'i hihhi g hemajkam. People (from different villages) will come up here. -B(<'ab) g o 'i hihhim. Each one of you, come here (from different places) -- 'Ab hihhim g hemajkam Covered Wells vui. People (from different villages) usually come up to Covered Wells. --Ves domig 'att o hehe'ejel hasko hihhimad. Every Sunday we will each go somewhere separately.

hihhimdam in 'u:gk-hihhimdam NComp indiv [pl: 'u'ugk-hihhimdam]: airplane

(see also 'u:gk-himdam)

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hihhimhidam/ hihidoakuhihhimhidam N subst: a tramp (one who keeps on going from place to place; see also
himhidam)

hihhink Vintr Repet (for Unit see hi:nk) [Neutr: indef hihhink. Dur: hihhinka-d]: to
bark, yell, howl, repeatedly ex: '0 ob(<vab) 'am a(<va) 'i hihhink. He does nothing but bark/yell repeatedly. --M g ab a(<va) 'i hihhinkad! Keep on barking/yelling repeatedly!

hihhitpag Vtr Distr (for Unit see hihitpag) [Neutr: def hihhitpa; hort and indef
hihhitpag]: to braid one's hair ex: Hihhitpa g 'emo:m. Each one of them had braided her own hair. --Hihhitpag 'o g 'emo:m. Each one of them usually braids her hair (wears braids).

hihi see Vintr hihim= to walk, go on foot hihi N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg hihi-j); distr: hihhi]: one's bowels, intestines of a
person ex: Hihij 'o oa. His intestines are growling.

hihi in ha'icu hihi NExpr: bowels, intestines of an animal

haiva-hihi NComp aggreg: tripe (cow bowels, intestines)

hihido Vtr Repet (for Unit see hido; for Distr see hihhido) [Neutr: indef
hihido]: to cook obj repeatedly ex: Nap cuvhimun 'i:da'a c hihido? Do you usually crush this as you cook it?-- Hihido 'o g mu:. She makes a bean stew every time. -- Hihido 'o ha'icu. She makes a stew every time.

hihido Vtr mult (for sing see hido) [Neutr: def hihido; hort hihido]: to cook several
kinds of dishes for a meal ex: Nt o hihido. I'll do the cooking (cook several kinds of dishes for the meal).

hihidoa N: act of cooking several kinds of dishes for a meal

ex: Nap sma:c g hihidoa? Do you know how to cook (various kinds of dishes)?

hihidoa N inalien: one's dishes (several kinds of food in the process of cooking) hihidoaku see N hidoaku= cooking pot hihidoaku-to'aku NComp (?) indiv: kitchen cupboard (place or instrument in
which to put cooking pots)

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hihido-/ hihim hihido-bibbiadam NComp(?) aggreg: (a) food server(s) at a feast hihidodam N subst aggreg: (a) cook(s) one(s) whose job it is to cook various
kinds of dishes (see also ha-hihidoliddam)

hihido habibbiddam NExpr aggreg: (a) food server(s) at a feast hihido habibbiddam vu Stat Expr: to be (a) food server(s) at a feast
ex: Hegam 'o o(<vu) hihido habibbiddam. They are the food servers.

hihido vi:pi'idag NExpr: leftovers (of various kinds of food) hihidolid Vtr mult (for sing see hidolid) [Neutr: def hihidol; hort hihidolid]: to cook
obj (several kinds of dishes) for somebody

hihidoliddam ha- N aggreg: cook(s), one(s) whose job it is to cook various kinds of
dishes for people (see also hihidodam)

hihig see N hig= navel hihij N: intestines, bowels, tripe (of a specified animal)
ex: Nt o ha'i hido g hihij. I'll cook some tripe (some of its intestines).

hihij N alien indiv [1st pers sg -hihij=ga]: hose (such as water hose) hihij N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg -hihij=ga); distr: hihhij]: pulp of saguaro fruits (dried
but not ground)

hihij-cui NComp alien mass: ground pulp of saguaro fruits hihilio see N hilio= blacksmith hihim Vintr Unit (for Repet and Distr see hihhim) pls (for sgs see him) [Neutr: def
hihi; hort and indef hihim; imper hihim[i]-o. Correl: hihim-k; immed: hihim-ka-'i. Dur: hihima-d. Interr: hihim[i]-him]: to walk, go on foot in the direction or manner specified by context (such as to come, to go somewhere, to go away) ex: matsp 'ea 'ab 'i hihi ga hu 'amje. which is when they came up here from there (their home). --Nat pi hab hi a(<va) 'eju: mat 'am hihi 'idam 'O'odham 'am havui g 'o:b. Once upon a time the 'O'odham went to war (walked toward the enemy). -- Pi 'ap has do:da'aka'ik gm hu hihi. Right after they mistreated him they went away. -- Ba'ic 'i 'ep hihimhi. They journeyed (with many stops) further on. -- ia k 'am hab haha 'ep vuha

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hihim/ hihitpaag
si'alim k 'am 'i hihimhi. Well, and then once more they got out in the morning and were on their way.-- Pi tma:c mats has masma 'am o 'i hihimhimk vo 'ai g tki:. We don't know the way to our home (how to journey in order to reach our home). -- Tp 'ea 'im hi a(<va) hihimc 'am haha 'ep 'i ia. Meanwhile they (the boy and the girl) kept on walking and then again she looked back. --Begi 'ea 'ac 'i a(<va) hihimadc 'am u hihimdam 'o:b havui. Well, meanwhile here we are (walking) on our way to meet the enemy. -- k ababa vo 'emai 'am 'i hihimk. but they will find out (something that concerns them) by going down there. -- Hihimko! Go (and come back)!-- Hihimka'io! Go (and come back immediately).-- 'oi g o hihimka'i! Do go (and come back right away)! --Hihimko ga:g g cikpan! Go look for a job!

hihimam see N subst himam= one who is walking, going on foot hihimdam see N subst himdam= one that usually walks, goes on foot hihimhidam see N subst himhidam= a tramp hihimhim Vintr pls (for sgs see himhim) [Neutr: indef hihimhim]: to tramp
ex: Nam 'ep ab 'an a(<va) hihimhim? Are you tramping again?

hihimidkam see N subst s-himidkam= one who is good at walking hihimidt Vintr pls (for sgs see himidt) [Neutr: def hihimidt. Interr: hihimidta-him]: to
become able to walk

hihimim s-V subst intr pls (for sgs see s-himim): to wish to walk, go on foot (in the
direction specified in context)

hihim[]cud Vtr Repet (for Unit see him[]cud) [Neutr: indef hihim[]cud. Dur:
hihim[]cuda-d]: to move obj, make obj move repeatedly ex: M(<'am) 'a 'i hihimcud g ndaiku ga hu hab ha'ap. I am moving my chair (a heavy chair which has to be moved in a repeated way) across there. -- B(<'ab) 'apt ab o 'i hihimicudad! Keep on moving it this way (in a repeated way)!

hihin see Vintr: hi:nk= to bark, yell, howl hihindag s- Stat: to be good at yelling, barking
ex: Heg 'o shihindag. He is good at yelling.

hihink see Vintr hi:nk= to bark, yell, howl hihitpa see Vtr hihitpag= to braid the hair of obj hihitpa see Vreflex 'e-hihitpag= to braid one's hair hihitpaag (redupl of hi:tpaag) N inalien[1rst pers sg hihitpajag]: braid(s)

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hihitpag/ hihivk[a]d hihitpag (redupl of hi:tpag) Vtr Unit (for Distr see hihhitpag) [Neutr: def hihitpa;
hort and indef hihitpag. Dur: hihitpaga-d. Interr: hihitpaga-him]: to braid the hair of obj ex: Nt o mhihitpa. I'll braid your hair. --Nt o hihitpa g mo'o. 1'11 braid my hair. -Hihitpag 'o g 'emo'o. She braids her hair (she wears braids).

hihitpag (redupl of hi:tpag) Vreflex Unit [Neutr: def 'e-hihitpa; hort 'e-hihitpag]: to
braid one's hair ex: Nt o hihitpa. I'll braid my hair.

hihivai (dial: hihiva) N aggreg: squash cut into strips and dried hihivc-vepegig s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of black widow spiders in a single
location

hihivc-vepeg see NComp hivc-veg= black widow spider hihivdag N: chicken pox hihivdag see N hi:vdag= sore on one's body hihivdag see Stat hi:vdag= to have a sore on one's body hihivdag s- Stat: to be full of sores on one's body (same as s-hihiv[h]og)
ex: Heg 'o shihivdag. He is full of sores on his body.

hihivdaj see N hi:vdag= sore on one's body hihiv[h]og see N hi:vog= sore hihiv[h]og see Stat hi:vog= to have a sore hihiv[h]og s- Stat: to be full of sores (on one's body)
ex: Heg 'o shihivog. He is full of sores (on his body).

hihiv[h]ogam see N subst s-hi:v[h]ogam= one with a bad sore, a leper hihiv[i]gid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see hiv[i]gid) [Neutr: indef hihivgid]: to lend obj
to somebody repeatedly

hihivijulig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hivijulig): to be full of wild rhubarb,
canaigre, in several locations

hihivk[a]d Vtr mult (for sing see hivk[a]d) [Neutr: def hihivkad]: to give blisters to
ex: Nu:k 'at hihivkad. My shoes gave me some, blisters.

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hihivkonaku/ hikck hihivkonaku see N hivkonaku= razor hihivno see N hivno= a variety of lizard hihivsi (dial: hihusi) Vtr impers mult (for sing see hivsi) [Neutr: def hihivsi. Interr:
hihivs[i]-him]: to make obj get sores ex: T o mhihivsi. It will make you(sg) get sores (you'll get sores from it). --hihivsi nci 'eldag 'an. I got sores from it on my lip.-- hihivsihim 'o. I am getting sores from it.

hihi'a/ hiha'i N alien aggreg: grave(s) hihi'a in 'A'al-Hihi'a/Hiha'i NComp [loc: 'A'al-Hiha'i-t-'am]: name of a
shrine near Santa Rosa (Children's Graves)

hihopc see N hiopc= termite; body louse hihopcig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hiopcig): to be full of termites in several
locations

hihosig see N hiosig= flower(s) hihosigt Vtr mult o (for sing o see hiosigt) [Neutr: def, hort and indef hihosigt]: to
make paper flowers out of obj (several kinds of paper)

hiji'i Vtr used only in imper: let go of it

ex: Hiji'i! (You sg) let go of it! -- Hiji'ivo! (You pl) let go of it!

hikc see Vtr hikck= to cut off a piece of obj hikcid Vreflex tr [Interr: 'e-hikcida-him]: to divide obj among each other
ex:'an 'i 'ehikcidahi hega'i cu:kug. they divided that meat among each other.

hikcek Vtr [Neutr: indef hikcek]: to cut obj

ex: Mo hekaj ha'icu hikcek. (A knife) is that with which one cuts something.

hikck Vtr [Neutr: def hikc; hort hikck; imper sgs hikcka-)]: to cut off a piece of obj
ex:'an 'i ha hikc g 'ehuc. he cut off a strip (some) of his nail. --'Id 'atk o hikc g huk g hikckakukaj. He is going to cut off a piece of the board with a saw.-- Smu:vij o hikc! Cut it off in a triangle (a piece of paper or material).--Tp g hu hikc ona 'ama'i g hu u:dagc'ea. He cut it off at its base (the reed) down in the water. --Kunt 'a:i nnakok 'am 'i hikck 'i 'i vu:adk hekaj hab cu'ig mant 'a:i g onaj o bei. Since I was able to cut it off

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hikck/ hikkumi'ok
and take it out, it follows that I should get its lower part (of the reed). --M g ha hikck! Cut off a strip of it (some)! --Hikcka! Cut it off!

hikckaku N indiv [pl: hihikckaku]: saw (instrument with which to cut off a piece of
something)

hikiva (dial: hikivo) Stat: to be unevenly cut, to be clipped, jagged Hikiva (dial: Hikivo) N: name of a mountain and the village at the foot of it
ex: Hikiva 'am 'o'odham= the people of Hikiva

hikivi see Vtr hik[i]vin= to cut small and irregular pieces off obj hik[i]vig N indiv sg [pl: hi:k[i]vig (contr *hihikivig)]: woodpecker hik[i]vin (dial: hikivon) Vtr [Neutr: def hik[i]vi; hort hikivin]: to cut small and
irregular pieces off obj, to hack at obj

hik[i]vin (dial: hikivon) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hik[i]vi]: to cut one's hair, to get a
haircut (same as 'e-hi:k)

hik[i]vina N: act of cutting something into small and irregular pieces hik[i]vina N inalien aggreg [1rst pers sg hikivina]: small and irregular pieces in the
process of being cut off (such as chips of wood)

hik[i]vindam in ha'icu hik[i]vindam NExpr: one whose job it is to cut small and
irregular pieces off something 'u:s-hik[i]vindam NComp (?): carpenter

hik[i]von see Vtr hik[i]vin= to cut small and irregular pieces off obj hikivo see Stat hikiva= to be unevenly cut hikkumi'o see Vtr hikkumi'ok= to cut obj into small and equal pieces; to clip obj hikkumi'ok (dial: hikkomi'ok) Vtr [Neutr: def hikkumi'o; hort and indef hikkumi'ok.
Dur: hikkumi'oka-d. Interr: hikkumi'oka-him]: with sgo: to cut obj into small and equal pieces; with plo: to clip the extremity of obj ex: Smu'umuvij o hikkumi'o! Cut it (the material) into triangles! --Nt o hikkumi'o g vainomga. I'll cut my metal (a sheet or a wire) into pieces. --..'an hahikkumi'o 'in hakuko 'ana'i 'emamcvidagkaj. .. he (Buzzard) cut off their necks (them on their necks)

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hikkumi'ok/ hiktdag
with his long feathers. -- Nt o hikkumi'o g 'a'agaj. I'll cut off (he ends of) its horns. --Mo hekid 'an ab 'i cum ve'epod g ki: hegam 'u'us, (<'a) 'an hahikkumi'ok. Every time the trees get even with the top of the house I cut them (their tops). --ia tp 'am haha 'i hikkumi'okahimc 'am hab huha 'egiho 'ab. Well, then she cut it (the deer) into pieces and thus hauled it in her carrying basket.

hikkumi'ok[a]dag in ha'icu hikkumi'ok[a]dag NExpr: pieces of something cut

into small and equal pieces

hikkumi'ok[a]daj N: small and equal pieces cut off a specified entity hikkumi'okaku in ha'icu hikkumi'okaku NExpr: instrument with which to
clip something hu:c-hikkumi'okaku NComp: nail clippers

hikkumi'okas Stat: to be (have been) cut into equal pieces; to be clipped

ex: Nt o ha'i hanolot g ku'ag mo hek hu hikkumi'okas. I'll buy firewood that is already cut into pieces.

hikan Vtr [Neutr: def hik; hort hikan]: to cut obj into a strip hikana N: act of cutting something into a strip hikana in ha'icu hikana NExpr: something cut into a strip hikaa in ha'icu hikaa NExpr: something being cut into strips
cu:kug hikaa N Expr inalien aggreg: strips of meat

hiktan Vtr [Neutr: def hikt; hort hiktan]: to cut obj all the way through hiktan Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hikt. Interr: 'e-hiktana-him]: to get cut all the way through
ex: 'Ehiktanahim. The cut is getting bigger and bigger (it's in the process of getting cut all the way through).

hikta N: a deep cut in the ground, cleft, chink, cranny, gulley hikta Stat: to be deeply cut, to have a deep cut
ex: 'An ge hikta. There happen to be a deep cut in the ground.

hiktdag N alien [sg (1rst pers sg hiktdag; 3rd pers sg: hiktda-j)]: a deep wound (such
as a stab) on one's body

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hiktdag/ hilio hiktdag in ha'icu hiktdag NExpr: a piece cut off something
lo:ba-hiktdag NComp: a piece of cloth cut off a larger one tapial-hiktdag NComp: newspaper clipping (a piece of paper cut off a larger one)

hikt]daj N: a piece cut off a specified entity hiktp see Vtr hiktpan= to cut obj all the way through hiktpan Vtr [Neutr: def hiktp; hort and indef hiktpan. Correl: hiktpan-k: immed:
hiktpan-ka-'i]: to cut, split obj all the way through (as with knife) ex: Tt o hiktp 'i:da'a cake k o tma:. Let's split this cake and share it among ourselves. -Nt o 'ea hiktpank o ho(<ha)ma: hegam. I'll split it in half and will give them one half.

hikt Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef hikt]: to slice obj, to cut obj into slices hikta in ha'icu hikta NExpr: something in the process of being cut into slices
pa:n hikta NExpr aggreg: slices of bread in the process of being cut

hikug Vintr [Neutr: def hikug. Interr: hikug-him]: to lose one's petals, to turn from
flowers into fruit ex: Hikug 'at. The flowers have lost their petals. --Hikughim 'o. The flowers are losing their petals.

hikugbig N: season of the dried petals on the pistils of flowers turning into fruits,
season when petals come off

hikugbig maad NExpr: moon of the season when petals come off hikugdag in ha'icu hikugdag NExpr: dried petals on the pistils of the flowers
turning into fruits

hikugdaj N: dried petals on the pistils of the flowers turning into fruits of a specified
plant

hikul N: a plant, maybe peyote (same as bihul) hikup N: low winter clouds clinging to mountain tops and sides hilio (Span: herrero) N indiv [pl: hihilio]: blacksmith

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him him Vintr Unit (for Repet and Distr see hihhim) sgs (for pls see hihim) [Neutr: def hi:;
hort and indef him; imper himi-. Correl him-k; immed: him-ka-'i; Dur: hima-d. Interr: hima-him, him[i]-him]: to walk, go on foot in the direction or the manner specified by context (such as to come, to go somewhere, to go away) ex: Begi, nt o hi: 'Oi g him! Well, I'll be on my way. Go ahead! (formula equivalent to "good-bye") --a:ko 'ont(<'ant) hab ha'ap o hi:? Which way shall I go? -- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans heba'i ha'ap o hi:. I don't know which way to go. --'Am 'ant gvui vo hi:. I will go to him (down there). -- ..heghekaj hab hi 'a:g cum hekid mantp hig ab o a(<va) hi: hasko. ..that is the reason why I am constantly thinking of just leaving (walking away in an indefinite direction). -- 'E-'et(<'at)-'ai mant o hi: 'am 'unpam. It's time for me to go back (home). -- 'am have:m hi: 'ama'i. ..he went down there with them. -- c 'am 'i ma:si tp 'amje 'ep hi: hega'i viappoi. ..and the next morning he left again from there, that boy. -'ea hab masma mat ab 'etakaj 'am hi:. ..at the time the only way to go there was on foot. --Pt hekid o 'i 'O'odhamaj siokim k 'ab o 'i hi: ki: vui! When you feel like talking 'O'odham, come to my house. -- Gm 'at hu hi:. He left. -- 'im hu hi: matp gm hu si 'i ju: g ta. ..he left just before sunset.--Gam g hu him, 'in 'ap hu nta:gio! Get out of the way, you are right in front of me! -- Gam g hu him ki: vui! Go to the house way over there! --'A'ai hi: g ha:l. The squash (shoots) have spread out over the ground (they have gone in all directions). -- Tp 'am hi: g 'u:valigaj hega'i 'u:pio. The smell of the skunk spread down there. --'ln 'i 'a ab himhim. I am just walking around here (I am not doing anything wrong). -- 'in himhimc eidacug g u:dag, scuhugam, ma gve:m ab hu:l bijim. As he keeps going around and around he sees water, darkness, which are whirling around with him. --S he'es 'i ta 'an himhim pi hea'i sma:c. How long he walked on and on, nobody knows. -- Hega'i 'o'odham pi ha cikpanc 'an ab himhim. That fellow does not do any work, he just wanders around. -- 'am hu heba'i mat haha vu: k 'am hab haha 'ep himhim ki:him 'oidk. ..some time afterward he got out (hearsay) and then he wandered again in the town (along the streets). -- ..k 'in himhimk pi heba'i ha'icu a 'i 'eag. ..and (I) kept wandering around in there without finding a single trace of him. -- ..vesko vo 'i enaa 'i:da'a m'i a ciho k vesko himhimk himhimk. ..he will check every corner of this cave (all over in this cave) by walking and walking all over. -- Si na:nko masma 'ab 'i himhi. He has gone through many things during the course of his life (he has been walking up to now in many various ways).-- ..'am a 'i himhi k haha ab ce:. ..he walked for some time and then he just happened to find her.-- ia tp 'am hab haha vu:ak 'an haha 'i himhi. Well, and then she got up and then walked on and on. -- M g ab 'i himhid! Keep going (as when traveling on foot)! --M 'amt ab o 'i himhid. I'll keep going (as when traveling on foot). -- 'In 'a ab a(<va) himhidc 'an eidahim g jevu. I am just looking at the countryside as I am going by here. --B(<'ab) 'o 'ep him g ialimam. Here comes the sponger again! --B(<'ab) 'o him g ju:k. The rain is coming this way. --B(<'ab) 'o him g cevag. The clouds (cloudiness) are coming this way. --Vama 'o him jevu da:m. A snake crawls on the ground. --B(< hab) 'o masma him mo g haiva! He walks like a cow! --Tako 'ont(<'ant) 'ab mnam ma 'am him Santa-Rosa vui. Yesterday I met you as I was going to Santa Rosa. -- 'I 'a hu 'amje him si'alig ta:gioji. I came here from the east. -- Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) do'agt'amje him. He comes from the mountains. --Ku 'ea matsp g ta 'in a(<va) 'al 'i him 'al jumal. At the time the sun is supposed to have

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him/ himam
been traveling quite low. -- Tako 'in has himc 'in has 'ep him. Yesterday he walked aimlessly around here. -- Kutp 'ea hab masma mat 'am vui jiva hega'i viappoi 'am himka'i. Thus it is that the boy got to him after walking down there. -- Ku 'a:i 'am o himk gm hu o 'i no. I'll walk down there and turn back.--c ab 'am 'i pi 'ema:c mas has o 'o(<'e)ju:, hebi(<heba'i) o himk o jiva 'ama'i. and he just does not know what to do, which way to go in order to get there. -- Himk! Go ( go there and come back)!-- 'Oi g himka'i! Go (and come back right away)! -- Himk ga:g g cikpan! Go and look for a job! - M(<'am) 'ant o ab jejegko himad. I'll be walking in open country.-- Vakial 'im himadc g 'esi:l 'u'adc. The cowboy is walking carrying his saddle. -- 'A kups hebaiji 'i himadc 'i a(<va) jiva? Where on earth could you come from? --'O 'om(<'am) himadc gikujhim. He is whistling as he is walking along.

him Vintr impers [Neutr: def hi:; indef him. Correl: him-k]: to last, to go on for a certain
amount of time ex: Natk o ta hi: g mumkidag? Is there evidence that the illness is going to last long? -'Ea hugk 'am 'am a(<va) 'i hi: g tje:gida t haha 'i jiva. Our meeting was half way through when he arrived. --c 'am he'es o 'i hi: g vailla and the dance will last for a while --'am hu heba'i matp 'am he'es 'i hi: g scuhugam. sometime later into the night (when the night had lasted a certain amount).--c hemu hab 'eju: m'am ha'as 'am a(<va) 'i hi: g scuhugam. and at the time this took place it was early in the night (the night had lasted a short while). --He'ekia 'i him g maad ta ? What day of the month is it (how many days has the month lasted)? --'am 'o ob(<vab) kia him. it's still going on (it's not over yet). - Kut himk ma:si matp 'i ceajihim g ta. It went on until the following morning at sunrise. --Tp 'am himk 'am heba'i 'al 'i ju:. It went on until it was close to sunset. --ia k himk hu g ta . Well, and it went on until after sun set. -- himk scuk mat 'u:pam jiva. it went on and it was dark when he got back (to the village). --iak a(<va) voho 'am himk 'am u 'i gi'ik ta. Well, and indeed it goes on for four days.

him Vintr sgs [Neutr: def hi:]: to bet (on something)

ex: Stoacuk'e 'ant o hi:. I'll bet on the white (as in a certain game). -- Nt o m'ab hi: mapt hekid 'am o 'i haba'ivckhim. I'll bet on you when you are getting ahead of them (as in a race).

himadk in Sikol Himadk NExpr: name of a village (where the water keeps going in
a circle)

himam N subst sg [pl: hihimam]: one who is walking, going on foot (in the direction
specified by context)

himam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hihimam]: to be one who is walking, going on foot
(in the direction specified by context)

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himam/ himhim
ex:'in ab a(<va) oiyopoc 'am u 'ep hihimam 'ep 'ama'i. we just stay around here (for a while) and again we are on our way down there.

himdag N inalien [3rd pers sg himda-j; 3rd pers pl ha-himdag]: one's way of life himdag in tatav-himdag NComp [loc: tatav-himdag-c-'e]: daytime (when the sun is
going; same as ta -himdag) ex: Sto 'o g tatav-himdag The daytime is hot.

himdag in ta-himdag NComp [loc: ta-himdag-c-'e]: daytime (same

as tatav-himdag)

himdag s- Stat sgs: to be a fast walker

ex: No 'om(<'am) hu shimdag g vu:lo. The donkey is not a very fast walker.

himdam in 'u:gk-himdam NComp sg (for pl see 'u'ugk-hihhimdam): air

plane (see also 'u:gk-hihhimdam) ex: Va cum si sme:koam cu'ig k ababa g 'u:gk-himdamkaj pi me:k. No matter how far it seems to be, by plane it is not far.

himdam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hihimdam]: to be one that usually walks, goes on
foot (in the direction or manner specified by context) ex: Begi 'ea 'ac 'i a(<va) hihimadc 'am u hihimdam 'o:b havui. Well, we are the party that is going against the enemy.

himdam in AdvExpr 'am hu heba'i himdam: after a while

ex: 'Am hu heba'i himdam matp 'am 'i ia. After a while she woke up. -- 'oia 'am hu heba'i himdam hab 'eju: mat thereupon after a while it happened that he'es 'i himdam vu Stat Expr: to be after a while ex: ia tp 'am he'es u 'i himdamc 'am a 'al 'i ge'ege. Well, and after a while they became somewhat bigger. --ia k 'atp 'am 'amje he'es u 'i himdam Well, and a while after that (it is a certain amount of time from there)

himhidam Nsg [pl: hihimhidam]: tramp (one who is constantly on the go; see also
hihhimhidam)

himhim Vintr sgs (for pls see hihimhim) [Neutr: indef himhim. Dur: himhima-d;
Interr: himhima-him]: to tramp ex: Nap 'ep ab 'an a(<va) himhim? Are you tramping again? --Pt ab o 'i himhimad! Keep on tramping! --Hek hu mo 'on(<'an) ab himhimahimc hemu haha pi 'in hu himhim. He used to tramp but now he does not.

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himidkam/ him himidkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-hihimidkam]: one who is good at walking
pi himidkam NExpr sg [pl: pi hihimidkam]: lame pi himidkam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu pi hihimidkam]: to be lame ex: Heg 'o (<vu) pi himidkam. That fellow is lame. --Hegam 'o (<vu) pi hihimidkam. They are lame.

himidkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-hihimidkam]: to be good at walking

ex: Heg 'o shimidkam u 'o'odham. That fellow is good at walking.

himidt Vintr sgs (for pls see hihimidt) [Neutr: def himidt. Interr: himidtahim]: to
become able to walk ex: Nat himidt? Has he started to walk (has he become able to walk)? -- Himadt 'at. He has become able to walk. -- Kut hekid o 'i himidt? When he is going to start walking? -Himidtahim 'o. He is beginning to walk. --Cum 'o himidtahim. He was beginning to walk (but stopped).

himim s- V subst intr sgs [pls: s-hihimim]: to wish to walk, go on foot (in the direction
or manner specified by context) ex: Cum 'a shimim 'am 'u:pam k snda'id. I would like to go back (home) but she does not let me. --ia 'am hab 'i 'ep shihimim. Well, once again they felt like going down there (hearsay).

himimcud s- Vimpers sgo [Neutr: def s-himimc; indef s-himimcud]: to make obj feel
like walking, going on foot (in the direction or manner specified by context) ex: Tk o shimimc. It will make me feel like going (there). -- Shimimc 'am Tucson vui. It made me feel like going to Tucson. -- a 'i shimimcud 'am ki:him vui. It makes me feel like going to town. --Shimimcud 'o 'u:pam. It makes me feel homesick.

himimk s- Stat sgs [pls: s-hihimimk]: to want to walk, go on foot (in the direction or
manner specified by context) ex: 'A shimimk 'am 'u:pam. I want to go back home.

himimkam - N subst sg [pl: s-hihimimkam]: one wanting to walk, go on foot (in the
direction specified by context)

him N: act of walking

ex: No sma:c g him? Does he know how to walk?

him N inalien [1rst pers sg: -him]: one's way of walking, gait

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him/ him[]cudc him vu Stat Expr: to be a certain type of going

ex: 'Am ab 'ehaink am ab ge s'ap u him. After the rock split itself, the going was easy.

himc see Vtr him[]cud= to move obj, to make obj move him[]cud Vtr Unit (for Repet see hihim[]cud) [Neutr: def himc; hort and indef
him[]cud; imper sgs himcuda-, pls himcud-o. Correl: himcud-k; immed: himcud-ka-'i. Interr: himcuda-him]: to move obj, to make obj move ex: ia k 'am haha 'ep o 'i himc g e'i. Wel1, and then they will resume the singing (make it move again). -- M(<'am) 'ant o 'i himc g ndaiku gm hu ha'ap. I'll move my chair over there. -- 'ab o 'i ha himc g cevag t o tjuk . it will move some clouds (cloudiness) this way and it will rain (on us). --'I g 'i himcud! Move it over here! --'am haha 'i himcudk 'ab 'ep ma: hega'i Ban. then they made it (the cigarette) circulate (move) until they gave it again to Coyote. -- 'ab 'eve:m 'i himcudk himcudk. by making her move and move up there with himself (the sun up in the sky). --'I g 'i himcudahim! Pass it on to here (by handing it from hand to hand)! --'am haha 'i himcudahimk 'ab hekaj ku: hega'i ki:j. then they moved it(the rock) on and on and with it they closed (the entrance to) to her house. --N(<'an) g 'i himcud! Pass it on to the person next to you! --Kutt hekid 'id 'an o 'i himc 'i:da'a 'ovicka When we (will) pass this ceremonial cigarette on--Vo mehidk 'an o 'i himc! Light it (a cigarette) and pass it on (to the person next to you)! sikol him[]cud VExpr tr: to pass obj around (in a circle) ex: Sikol g o himcud! Pass it around! 'i:mig him[]cud VExpr: to pass kinship terms (ritual passing of the kinship terms at the close of the admonition speech by the Keeper during the evening meeting in the Round House) ex: M g 'i himcud g 'i:mig! Pass the kinship terms!

him[]cud Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-himcud. Correl: 'e-himcud-k; immed: 'e-himcudka-'i]: to go, move oneself (somewhere) ex: M(<'am) 'a cum a himcud. I may go there (I'll go if nothing stops me) -- M(<'am) 'a hi a(<va) cum himcud. I am planning on going there (I am willing but I don't know whether I'll be able to). --Ku hab cum 'elid mat hega'i do'ag gm hu ha'ap o kekiva 'im hu hab o 'i 'ehimcudk. I would like that mountain to move and stop way over there.

him[]cudc semi Stat intr [Neutr: indef him[]cudc. Interr: him[]cudc=ka-him]: to plan
on going (somewhere) ex: Nap 'am a(<va) himcudc tianda vui? Are you (still) planning on going to the store? -Ku 'am hi a(<va) himcudckahimc 'oia pi 'im hu hi:. I was planning on going there but I did not go (for some unknown reasons).

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himma/ hiopcim himma in s'ap s-ta-himma AdvExpr: passable

ex: M 'o ob(<vab) s'ap stahimma cu'is. It (a river) seems to be passable. --Pi 'im(<'am) hu heba'i 'ap a 'i tahimma ma:s. Nowhere does it look passable.

hima Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-hima]: to take a walk

ex: M 'a ab a(<va) hima. I am just taking a walk.

himto Vintr [Neutr: def himto. Correl: himto-k; immed: himto-ka-'i]: to go, walk
(somewhere) in a group ex: Tp 'ea 'im hu himto g hemajkam. At the time a group of people had gone down there.-- Kumt o dagtok o himto gm hu! Leave him alone and go away all of you! -..mamt 'ab o 'i himtok 'i o ka:. (I want) all of you to come up here in order to hear it. 'a'ai himto VExpr: to walk in groups going in various directions ex: 'Atp gm hu 'a'ai himto. They walked over there in groups coming from various directions. -- ia k a(<va) voho 'am hu 'a'ai himtok 'eki:k vui Well, and indeed after they had gone in groups to their respective homes

hinval N: a type of grass mat (neither woven nor sewn) hinvalt Vtr sing: to make a hinval mat out of obj hio see Vintr hiot= to pop open hiomun Vtr [Neutr: def hiomu; hort hiomun]: to pare obj (wood with a pocket-knife) hiomuig in ha'icu hiomuig NExpr: something pared off something
(such as wood shavings)

hiomu[i]gaj N: that which is pared off something specified hiopc N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg hiopci-j);distr: hihopc]: termite; body louse
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g hiopc heg'ab. I saw some lice on him. --Gokpa 'a haeid g hihopc mok 'am ki: ma 'ab him. I saw two termite hills (in two places I saw termites where they live) on my way here.

hiopc s- Stat: to have a lot of body lice

ex: Shiopc 'o hega'i. He has a lot of body lice, that fellow.

hiopcig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hihopcig): to be full of body lice in one
location

hiopcim s- N subst: one with a lot of body lice (a nickname)

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hioscud/ hiot hioscud (dial: heoscud) Vtr [Neutr: def hiosc]: to make obj bloom
ex: Sto 'at o hiosc. The heat will make it bloom.

hiosig (dial: heosig) in ha'icu hiosig NExpr alien aggreg [(2nd pers sg ha'icu mhiosig=ga); distr: ha'icu hihosig]: flower(s) ex: Sbabadag ha'icu mhiosigga 'ea. It's full of frogs in your flowers. --pal ha'icu hiosigga= the flowers of the priest toki-hiosig NComp aggreg: cotton flower jevu-hiosig NComp aggreg: a plant used as a narcotic to gain potency and hunting powers (earth flower)

hiosig Stat [Neutr: indef hiosig; def hiosig=k. Dur: hiosig=ka-d. Interr: hiosig=ka-him]:
to have flowers on, to be in bloom (of a plant) ex: Ta 'at o 'i hiosigk. It/they will be in bloom (will have flowers on) for a long time.

hiosigaj N: flower(s) of a specified plant (its flower(s)) hiosigam s- N subst: one(s) having lots of flowers, one(s) being in bloom
shiosigam-hu: sitdoi NExpr (?): popcorn Sto:ta-Hiosigam NComp (?): a girl name (one with white flowers) S'u'am-Hiosigam NComp (?): a girl name (one with yellow flowers)

hiosigcud Vdtr [Neutr: def hiosigc; hort hiosigcud]: to make flowers out of obj (such as
one kind of paper) for somebody ex: Nt o ha'i mhiosigc. I'll make you a few paper flowers out of it (one sheet of paper).

hiosigga in ha'icu hiosigga Stat Expr: to have flowers

toki-hiosigga Stat Comp: to have cotton flowers

hiosigt Vtr sing o (for mult o see hihosigt) [Neutr: def, hort and indef hiosigt]: to
make flowers out of obj (such as one kind of paper) ex: Nt o ha'i hiosigt. I'll make some paper flowers. --Hiosigt 'o. She is making paper flowers.

hios[i]him Vintr Interr: to be about to bloom hiosto (dial: heosto) Vintr [Neutr: hiosto]: to stop blooming hiot (dial: heot) Vintr [Neutr: def hio; indef hiot. Interr: hiota-him. Dur: hiota-d]: to pop
open (such as a flower bud) ex: T o hio. It's going to pop open (a flower bud). -- Koi 'at hio. It has not popped open yet. --Ha'i hio g toki. Some of the cotton (buds) have popped open. -- T o hiotad. They

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hiot/ hiv[i]gid
will be popping open (flower buds popping open one after the other) -- Pal ha'icu hiosigga 'o hiotahim. Father's flowers are popping open (one after the other).

hiov[]cud Vtr [Neutr: def hiov[]c; hort hiovcud]: to soak obj (such as devilsclaw pods
or a hide) in a wet soil in order to make it supple

hiv Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef hiv. Dur: hiva-d]: to rub against obj
ex: Ha'as a(<va) hiv. It stopped rubbing against it.

hiv Vreflex [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-hiv. Dur: 'e-hiva-d]: to rub against each other
ex: 'Ab 'e'ab 'ehiv. They were rubbing against each other.

hivcu N inalien: groin (of a man) hivcu Stat: to have a groin (a man) hivc-veg NComp indiv [pl: hihivc-vepeg]: black widow spider hiv[h]ai (met of *hivahi) N aggreg: sunflower (the plant and the flower) hivhoi see Vtr hivhoin: to cast a spell on obj hivhoin Vtr [Neutr: def hivhoi; hort hivhoin]: to cast a spell on obj hivhoiig N: name of the sorcerer's tube (said to be filled with sickness) hiv[i]g Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-hivig. Dur: 'e-hiv[i]ga-d]: to depend on oneself, to be
independent, self-confident ex: Heg 'o si 'i(<'e)hivig. He is self-confident. --Pi 'i (<'a) a 'i hivig. I am not sure of myself. -- Si 'i(<'e)hivig mat o bei g huav. He is confident that he will get a deer. --Pt ab o 'o(<'e)hivgad! Always be independent/ self-confident!

hiv[i]gid Vtr [Neutr: def hivig/ hivgi; hort and indef hivigid]: to let, allow obj (to do
something) ex: Pi 'it(<'at) hivig mant o ce. He did not let me ride it. --Pi o hivig mas hascu 'i o jiva! Don't let anything come here! --Pi 'int(<'ant) o mhivig. I won't let you (do it). --'1 hivgid nt o ce! Let me ride it! -- M g hivgid t o 'o(<'e)gegus! Let him eat! -- Pi g hivgid mas o 'o(<'e)gegus. Don't let him eat! --Hekhiu 'o'odham 'o pi thivgid matt o ho(<ha) ku'ad g 'o'okokoi. The old people don't let us eat white doves.

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hiv[i]gid/ hivku hiv[i]gid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see hihiv[i]gid) [Neutr: def hivig/ hivgi; hort and indef
hivigid]: to lend obj to somebody ex: Nt o mhivig g ncikpanaku. I'll lend you my tool. --Pt o ha'i hivig g pip! Lend me a few dollars! -- '1 hivgid g 'ecikpanaku! Lend me your tool!

hiv[i]gida N: act of allowing something hiv[i]gidas Stat : to be allowed hivig see Vtr hiv[i]gid= to allow obj (to do something) hivig see Vdtr hiv[i]gid= to lend obj to somebody hivijul N aggreg: wild rhubarb, canaigre (its roots are used for medicinal purposes) hivijulig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hihivijulig): to be full of wild rhubarb,
canaigre, in one location

hivk[a]d Vtr sing (for mult see hihivk[a]d) [Neutr: def hivkad]: to blister obj
ex: Nu:k 'at hivkad. My shoe gave me a blister.

hivkalig N measles hivko see Vtr hivkon= to shave obj hivko see Vreflex 'e-hivkon= to shave oneself hivkon Vtr [Neutr: def hivko; hort hivkon; imper sgs hivkona- ]: to shave obj
ex: hivkona! Shave me! --Ha-g-hivkon! Shave them!

hivkon Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hivko; hort 'e-hivkon]: to shave oneself, to get a shave
ex: Nt o hivko. I'll shave myself/I'll get a shave.

hivkonaku N indiv [pl: hihivkonaku]: razor (instrument to shave something with)

huk-hivkonaku NComp (?) indiv: plane (instrument to shave a board with)

hivko see Vdtr hivkoid= to plane obj for somebody hivkoid Vdtr [Neutr: def hivko; hort hivkoid]: to plane obj (such as a board) for
somebody

hivku (dial: hiuku) N: scraping stick (a musical instrument which produces noises by
being rubbed against something)

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hivno/ hi'a hivno N indiv [pl: hihivno]: a variety of lizard (blue around the neck with a rough
skin; also called hivnusukal or jusukal)

hivnusukal (contr of *hivan-husukal?) N: variety of lizard (also called hivno or

jusukal)

hivsi (dial: hiusi) Vtr impers sing (for mult see hihivsi) [Neutr: def hivsi. Interr:
hivs[i]-him]: to make obj get a sore ex: T o hivsi. It will make me get a sore (I'll get a sore from it). --Nci 'eldag 'an 'at hivsi. I got a sore on my lip from it. --hivsihim 'o. I am getting a sore from it.

hiva see Vtr hivan= to scrape, grade obj hiva see Vreflex 'e-hivan= to get scraped, graded hivan (dial: hiuan) Vtr [Neutr: def hiva; hort and indef hivan; imper sgs hivana-.
Dur: hivana-d]: to file ( nails); to scrub, scour (a pot); to grade (a road); to scrape (the bark off a stick) ex: M g 'i hivan g vo:g! Grade the road! --c g 'ehapodkaj 'an a hivan. and with his arrow he does as if he were stroking (scraping) it (the bowstring).

hivan Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hiva]: to get filled, scoured, scrubbed, scraped, graded
ex: T o 'o(<'e)hiva g vo:g. (I hear) the road is going to be graded.

hivan (dial: hiuan) N inalien: groin (of a woman) hivan Stat: to have a groin (as of a woman) hivanaku (dial: hiuanaku) N: nail file (instrument for filing); scouring pad
(instrument for scrubbing or scouring)

hivtp see Vtr hivtpan= to slash obj hivtpan Vtr [Neutr: def hivtp; hort and indef hivtpan. Correl: hivtpan-k; immed:
hivtpan-ka-'i. Compl: hivtpan-ok; immed: hivtpan-oka-'i]: to slash obj

hi'a Vintr sgs (for pls see hiha'a) [Neutr: def hia; hort hia-'i; indef hi'a; imper hi'a-.
Correl: hi'a-k; immed: hi'a-ka-'i. Compl: hi'-ok; immed hi'-oka-'i. Dur: hi'a-d.]: to urinate ex: Nt o ho(<ha) hia. I'll take a pee (urinate some). -- Pi g 'am hia'i! Don't urinate down there! stoma hi'a VExpr: to have venereal disease ex: Cum 'o hekid stoma hi'a. He has a venereal disease (urinates hot constantly).

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hi'ame/ hi: hi'ame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def hi'am; hort hi'ame]: to go and urinate hi'i N: inalien mass [3rd pers sg hi'i-j]: urine
gogs-hi'i NComp: dog urine kavyu-hi'i NComp mass: horse urine

hi'i Stat: to have urine hi'iv see Vtr hi'ivk= to urinate, pee on obj hi'iv see Vreflex 'e-hi'ivk= to wet one's pants hi'ivk Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hi'iv; hort and indef hi'ivk. Dur: hi'ivka-d. Interr: hi'ivka-him]:
to urinate, pee, on obj ex: Nat 'am mhi'iv g m'alidag? Did your child pee on you --Pi g 'am hi'ivk! Don't you pee on me! --Cum 'o hekid hi'ivk. He pees on me all the time. --Pi g 'am hi'ivkad! Don't be peeing on me continually!

hi'ivk Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-hi'iv; hort and indef 'e-hi'ivk. Interr: 'e-hi'ivka-him]: to
wet one's pants ex: Nat 'ehi'iv? Did he wet his pants? -- 'Ehi'ivkahim 'o. He is urinating on himself.

hi'ivk[a]dam 'e- N subst: one who wets his pants, urinates on himself continually hi'ok, hi'oka'i see Vintr hi'a= to urinate hi'u N inalien: bladder

hi:-

hi: see Vintr him= to walk, go on foot (in the direction or manner specified by context) hi: see Vintr him= to last (a certain amount of time) hi: see Vintr him= to bet (on obj) hi: see Vtr hi:k= to cut, mow obj hi: see Vreflex 'e-hi:k= to get a haircut

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hi:k/ hi:k hi:k (contr of *hihik) Vtr [Neutr: def hi:; indef hi:k; hort hi:k; imper sgs hi:ka-, pls
hi:k-o. Dur: hi:ka-d]: to cut, mow obj (such as hair, grass) ex: Nt o hi: g pilkaga I'll cut my wheat. --'Atk o hi: g mo'oj g hema 'ep 'o'odham. He is going to cut the (his) hair of another fellow.

hi:k Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hi:; hort 'e-hi:k; indef 'e-hi:k]: to get a haircut, to cut one's
hair, to get cut ex: Nt o hi:. I'll get a haircut. -- Himk 'ehi:k! Go and get a haircut! --'E-'o-'ehu:k. He is having a haircut (he usually has a haircut). -- P has 'e'a'aga hega'i mo hekaj 'ehi:k g pilka? How do you call that with which wheat is cut?

hi:ka N: act of cutting hi:ka in ha'icu hi:ka NExpr: cuttings

pilka hi:ka NExpr inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg pilka hi:ka-j; instr pilka hi:kakaj]: wheat cuttings ex: Nt o ho(<ha)gegus g haivaga g pilka hi:kakaj. I'll feed my cows (with) wheat cuttings.

hi:kaku N: place for cutting, mowing; instrument to cut, mow

a'i-hi:kaku NComp: mower (grass cutter)

hi:kaku-ki: NComp [loc: hi:kaku-ki:-c-'e]: barbershop hi:kdam ha-N subst aggreg: barber, hairdresser (one whose job is to cut people's hair) hi:kdam in ha'icu hi:kdam NExpr: one(s) whose job is to cut, mow something
pilka-hi:kdam NComp (?) aggreg: one(s) whose job is to cut wheat

hi:kid Vdtr [Neutr: def hi:k; hort hi:kid]: to cut, mow obj (such as hair, grass) for
somebody ex: Nt o hi:k hega'i. I'll cut it (hair) for him. -- Nt o ho(<ha)ba:mud t o hi:k g pilkaga. I'll ask them to give me a hand in cutting my wheat. --Pi g 'am hu hi:kid g pilkagaj hega'i 'o'odham. Don't cut that fellow's wheat for him!

hi:k[i]vig see N hik[i]vig= woodpecker hi:k[i]vigag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of woodpeckers in a single location hi:k see Vtr hi:k= to cut, mow obj hi:k see Vdtr hi:kid= to cut, mow obj for somebody

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hi:lo/ hi:tpagcud hi:lo (Span: hilo) N: thread

ex: 'Emato g hi:lo. The thread got loose (from the spool and became tangled up).

hi:n[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef hi:nad; imper sgs hi:n[a]da-.Dur: hi:n[a]da-d]:
to call out for obj ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i hi:nad. I'll call out for him (for him to come). --B(<'ab) g 'i hi:nad! Call out for him (to come)! --hi:nad 'o. He is calling out for me (to come). --tp 'am haha hi a(<va) cum hi:nad g 'oks. then he called out for his wife in vain.

hi:n[a]d Vreflex: to call out for one another

ex:m 'apt haha 'ehi:nad g hemajkam matp 'an hi a(<va) 'i da:dad 'eki:k 'ana'i. then they called out for one another, the people that were (sitting) in their respective homes.

hi:nk Vintr Unit (for Repet see hihhink) [Neutr: def hihin; hort hihink; indef hi:nk.
Dur: hi:nka-d]: to bark, yell, howl ex: Vat o hihin. It's going to bark (a dog). --Nt o bankaj hihin. I'll howl like a coyote. -ia c 'am hab si hihin hega'i 'oks. Well, and she yelled very loud (a lot), that old woman. --Pi g hihink! Do not yell! -- Gogs 'o hi:nk. A dog barks. -- Mams hascu 'a:gk hab nju:? 'am hi:nk. Why did you do this to me? she yells.

hi:nko'i see Vtr hi:nko'id= to bark, yell at obj hi:nko'id Vtr [Neutr: def hi:nko'i; hort and indef hi:nko'id]: to bark, yell at obj
ex: Nat mhi:nko'i g gogs? Did the dog bark at you?

hi:tpa see Vtr hi:tpag= to intertwine obj into a single braid hi:tpaag incl in compound nouns: a braid of something (such as a braid of cowhide
strips)

hi:tpag Vtr sing [Neutr: def hi:tpa; hort hi:tpag; imper sgs hi:tpaga-. Dur: hi:tpaga-d]:
to intertwine obj into a single braid (as with straps of cowhide when making a rope, or strands of fiber when making a mat)

hi:tpaga N: act of intertwining something into a single braid hi:tpaga N inalien: single braid (such as strips of cowhide, strands of fiber) hi:tpagcud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def hi:tpagc; hort hi:tpagcud]: to entertwine obj (such as
strips of cowhide) into a single braid for somebody

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hi:vdag/ hobinolc hi:vdag N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg hi:vda-j); pl (3rd pers sg hihivda-j)]: sore on
one's body (same as hi:v[h]og) ex: 'Oko 'ont(<'ant) g hi:vdag. I scratched off the scab of my sore. -- 'O'oko 'ont (<'ant) g hihivdag. I scratched off the scabs of my sores.-- Sispahim 'o g hihivdag. His sores are breaking open.

hi:vdag Stat sing [mult: hihivdag]: to have a sore on one's body (same as hi:v[h]og)
ex: 'An 'o ge hi:vdag g kavyu 'e'o: 'an. The horse happens to have a sore on its back. -Hegam 'o sciavidkam hihivdag. They have contagious sores.

hi:vdaj see N hi:vdag= sore on one's body hi:v[h]og N inalien indiv [pl: hihiv[h]og]: sore on one's body (same as hi:vdag) hi:v[h]og Stat sing [mult: hihiv[h]og]: to have a sore on one's body
ex: 'An 'o ge hi:vog. It (a horse) happens to have a sore on its back. --Hega'i mo 'on(<'an) ge hi:vog 'enov 'an. The one who happens to have a sore on his hand.

hi:v[h]ogam s- N subst sing [mult: s-hihiv[h]ogam]: the one with a sore, a leper

ho-

hobino see Vtr hobino= to swaddle obj hobino see Vreflex tr 'e-hobino= to wrap obj around oneself hobino Vtr [Neutr: def hobino; hort and indef hobino]: to swaddle obj
ex: Hobino g 'ema. She swaddles her baby.

hobino Vreflex tr sgs (for pls see 'e-hohobino) [Neutr: def 'e-hobino; hort 'ehobino]: to wrap obj around oneself

hobinoc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef hobinoc. Dur: hobinoci-d]: to have obj wrapped
with something (same as hobinolc) ex: 'Ikuskaj 'an hobinoc g 'emacpo. He has his finger bandaged (wrapped with material).

hobinolc semi Stat tr: to have obj wrapped with something (same as hobinoc)

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hodai/ hodaihodai N alien indiv [sg (loc: hodai-t-'ab; instr: hodai-kaj); pl: hohodai; distr: hohhodai]:
rock, stone ex: Smu'ij g hohodai 'ama'i. There are lots of rocks down there. -- heg u mo'ockuaj m'am daha hodai. that stone (sitting) down there is his pillow. -- B(<'ab) 'ant o si ma'ihi hodaikaj. I'll hit him hard with a rock (by throwing a rock at him).

hodai N mass: cement

ex: ki: 'am 'ant g hodai 'am o vakut. I'll put a cement floor in my house. to-hodai NComp alien mass [3rd pers sg to-hodai=ga-j]: lime (hot cement)

hodai vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hohodai]: to be a stone

ex: B(<hab) ge ma:s mo o(<vu) ab hohodai. It looks like they are just stones (about the birds which have been turned into stone).

hodaicud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-hodaic; hort 'e-hodaicud]: to turn into a stone hodai-cu'i NComp alien mass: mortar powder, dry cement hodai-cu'iku NComp: crusher, crushing machine (machine that makes mortar
powder, dry cement)

hodai-cu'i-a:mt NComp aggreg: cement block(s) hodai-cu'i-va:ga NComp inalien mass: wet cement (mortar, cement powder mixed
with water) ex: Mhodai-cu'i-va:ga 'at 'apet. Your cement is ready.

hodai-cu'i-va:gaiku NComp indiv: cement mixer (a machine that mixes cement

powder with water

hodaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hohodaig): to be full of rocks, stones, to be
rocky in one location

hodaiga Stat sing [mult: hohodaiga]: to have a stone (such as a charmed stone owned
by a medicine man)

hodai-tonam NComp alien indiv: crystal used by medicine men ( same as tonamhodai)

hodai-vaika NComp indiv: cement ditch

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hodai-/ hoghodai-vakus NComp indiv [pl: hodai-va:pakus]: cement floor hodai-vakusig Stat Comp impers Unit (for Distr see hodai-va:pakusig): there is a
cement floor in one location ex: ki: 'am 'o hodai-vakusig. In my house there is a cement floor (the house has only one room).

hodai-va:pakusig Stat Comp impers Distr (for Unit see hodai-vakusig): there are
cement floors in several locations ex: ki: 'am 'o hodai-va:pakusig. In my house there are cement floors (in several rooms).

hogi[a]d Vtr Unit (for Repet see hohogi[a]d) sgo (for plo see hohogi[a]d)
[Neutr: def and hort hogiad; imper sgs hogida-. Interr: hogida-him]: to saddle obj (same as si:l[a]d) ex: Hogida g 'eoiga! Saddle your horse! --Nt o hogiad g noiga. I'll saddle my horse. --Hogidahim 'a g noiga. I am in the process of saddling my horse.

hogiag Stat sgs [pls: hohogiag]: to have a saddle on (same as si:lag)

ex: Hega'i kavyu ge hogiag. That horse (unexpectedly) has a saddle on (a horse with a saddle on and no rider). --No hogiag g kavyu? Does the horse have a saddle on?

hogialid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def hogial; hort hogialid]: to saddle obj for somebody hogipi'ok Vtr sgo (for plo see hohogipi'ok) [Neutr: def hogipi'o; hort and indef
hogipi'ok]: to unsaddle obj ex: M g hogipi'ok g noiga! (Could you) unsaddle my horse!

hogimad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort hogimad]: to put leather on obj, to cover obj with
leather

hog N indiv [pl: hohog]: hide (after the animal has been skinned)
ex: ..hega'i ha'icu 'i hohog momoikada. ..those hides from various types of animals in the process of being tanned.

hog N: leather hog-kostal NComp: leather bag hog-aliv NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: hog-alvi-j); pl: hohog-aaliv]: a
pair of chaps (leather pants)

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hogka/ hohogi[a]d hogka N alien indiv [pl: hohogka]: cactus wren (a bird with black dots) hogkama s- Stat sgs: to be dotted with black hohhodai see N hodai= rock, stone hohhogmelag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hohogmelag): to be full of butter
flies in several locations

hohhogkaag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hohogkaag): to be full of cactus
wrens in several locations

hohhoi see Vtr hohhoid= to get fond of obj hohhoid Vtr Distr (for Unit see s-hoho'id) [Neutr: def hohhoi; hort and indef
hohhoid]: to get fond of, to like obj ex: Gamai hu hohhoi. A long time ago they (in various places) got to like it (corn). -- Hu: g hu: k gm hu hohhoid. They ate corn and since that time they likes it.

hohhoi-e'e's NComp aggreg: poppies hohhovaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hohovaig): to be full of jojoba bushes
in several locations

hohobino Vreflex tr pls (for sgs see 'e-hobino) [Neutr: def 'e-hohobino; hort 'ehohobino]: to wrap obj around oneselves ex:hega'i 'epilsa vo ge 'ehohobino k g hu gveco je:id. they (will) wrap their blankets around themselves and underneath it each one of them smokes (it).

hohodai see N hodai= rock, stone hohodaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hodaig): to be full of rocks, stones in
several locations

hohodaigkam s- N subst: place having lots of rocks, stones here and there hohodai-a:mt NComp aggreg: block(s) of undressed stone, rubble hohogi[a]d Vtr Repet (for Unit see hogi[a]d) sgo [Neutr: indef hohogiad]: to
saddle object repeatedly ex: Hohogiad 'a g noiga. I saddle my horse each time.

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hohogi[a]d/ hoholg hohogi[a]d Vtr plo (for sgo see hogi[a]d) [Neutr: def, hort and indef hohogiad.
Correl: hohogiad-k; immed: hohogiad-ka-'i]: to saddle obj ex: Ha'i pi 'in(<'an) hu hahohogiadk 'in ab dahaiva. Some sat on (their horses) without even having saddled them.

hohogiag see Stat hogiag= to have a saddle on, to be saddled hohogipi'ok Vtr plo (for sgo see hogipi'ok) [Neutr: def hohogipi'o; hort
hohogipi'ok]: to unsaddle obj ex: 'An 'i hahohogipi'o. They unsaddled them (their horses).

hohog see N hog= hide hohogmel N aggreg: butterfly hohogmel vu Stat Expr: to be a butterfly
ex: Nt heg o nna:to ma u hohogmel. I will become what is called a butterfly.

hohogmelag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hohhogmelag): to be full of

butterflies in one location

hohog-'u'uvhig NComp aggreg: Yaqui quail hohogka see N hogka= cactus wren hohogkaag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hohhogkaag): to be full of cactus
wrens in one location

hohogkaagkam s- N subst: a place with lots of cactus wrens hohohi see N ho:hi= mourning dove hohoi see N ho:hi= mourning dove hohoi see Vintr hohoi= to move hohoike Vintr pls (for sgs see hoike) [Neutr: indef hohoike. Dur: hohoike-d]: to move
several times in succession

hohoi Vintr pls (for sgs see hoi) [Neutr: def hohoi; hort hohoi]: to move once
ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu 'i hohoi! Do not move!

hoholg N aggreg: a long snail-like sea shell formerly used in making necklaces

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hohon/ hohovickvup hohon see N hon= one's body, trunk hohoncud Vtr plo [Neutr: def hohonc; hort hohoncud]: to marry obj (two people to
each other) ex: 'At hahohonc. He married them.

hohoncudam ha- N subst: marriage witnesses (ones who are marrying someone)
ex: Kut 'ab 'i havai g hahohoncudam. He called in the marriage witnesses.

hohonc semi Stat reflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-hohonc]: to be side by side
ex: 'Ehohonc hihim. They are walking side by side.

hohonpaag see N honpaag= one's body, trunk hohont Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hohont]: to get married to each other
ex: T 'o(<'e)hohont. (I hear) they are going to get married to each other. --'Am 'i 'i(< 'e)hohont. They just got married to each other.

hohontam 'e-Nsubst: the bride and groom (ones getting married to each other) hohoig see N ho:ig= wife hohoig Stat reflex: to have each other as a spouse, to be married to each other
ex: ..ma ab hejel 'ehohoig. ..(it is said that) they are like married to each other (about a brother and sister).

hohokam 'e- N subst: husband and wife, a couple hohotk see Stat s-ho:tk= to be fast, rapid hohovai N aggreg: jojoba bush hohovaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr seew s-hohhovaig): to be full of jojoba
bushes in one location

hohovickva Vtr Unit (for Repet see hohovickvup) pls (for sgs see hovickva)
[Neutr: def and hort hohovickva]: to inhale obj, to swallow obj (by mistake)

hohovickvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see hohovickva) pls (for sgs see hovickvup)
[Neutr: indef hohovickvup]: to inhale obj repeatedly ex: 'I hohovickvupc 'ab 'i 'i'ibhuivup. They keep inhaling it and blowing it out.

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hohovo/ hoho'ida hohovo see Vtr hohovog= to breathe in, to sniff obj hohovog Vtr [Neutr: def hohovo; hort and indef hohovog]: to breathe in (as when
asking a saint for a favor), to sniff obj ex: Nt o hohovo. I'll breathe in. -- B(<'ab) g hohovog! Breathe in! --B(<'ab) 'o hohovog g ha'icu hug. He is sniffing the food.

hoho'i see Vtr s-hoho'id= to accept, to like obj hoho'i N aggreg: porcupine hoho'iba see N ho'iba= sewing needle hoho'iba in mo:mim-hoho'iba NComp (?) aggreg: pins (needles with heads) hoho'id s-cu- Stat: to be amenable to suggestions
ex:heghekaj mo 'om(<'am) a(<va) hi a(<va) ha'icu shoho'id hega'i Ho'ok. because all along she had been amenable to suggestions, that Ho'ok.

hoho'id in cum hascu s-hoho'id Stat Expr: to be cooperative, of good will hoho'id in pi hascu hoho'id Stat Expr: to be uncooperative hoho'id s- Vtr Unit (for Distr see hohhoid) [Neutr: def s-hoho'i; hort and indef shoho'id. Correl: s-hoho'id-k; immed: s-hoho'id-ka-'i. Dur: s-hoho'ida-d. Interr: s-hoho'idahim/s-hoho'id=ka-him]: to like, love, obj; to accept, agree to, obj ex: 'Oia 'am haha 'i shoho'i hega'i keli. Finally the old man accepted (it). --Napt hig pi 'am a(<va) shoho'i 'ab vui g hemako s'uamcu? Didn't you indeed agree with me that it would be one copper? -- Ns hu sma:c mat o shoho'i? How do I know whether she will like me? -- Shoho'id 'a mant o vaccvid. I'd like to swim. --Shoho'id 'a mant o hi: 'am Cuk- on vui. I'd like to go to Tucson. -- Pi hoho'id pi tacu mas ab o bei g 'ali pi ha kunc. She does not want to have a child without being married. -- ia kut g 'am 'i pi hoho'idk 'an ab bei. Well, since he did not like that he just grabbed it. --Cum 'a shoho'idahim /shoho'idkahim. I used to like it/ him.

hoho'id s- Vreflex: to like, love each other

ex: S'ehoho'id. They like each other.

hoho'ida N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg hoho'ida-j]: loved one, beloved hoho'ida vu Stat Expr: to be someone's beloved
ex: Heg 'o o(<vu) hoho'idaj g Jio . He is loved by God (he is his beloved of God).

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hoho'idacud/ hoike hoho'idacud s- Vtr [Neutr: def s-hoho'idac; indef s-hoho'idacud]: to please obj
ex: T o a(<va) shoho'idac. It will please me. -- M g be:'i hega'i mo smhoho'idacud. Take the one you like (that which pleases you).

hoho'idam s-ta- Adv: pleasantly, in a likable fashion hoho'idkamag s- Stat impers (for Unit see s-ho'idkamag): to be full of ironwood
trees in several locations

hoho'idma s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef shoho'idma. Dur: s-hoho'idma=ka-d. Interr: shoho'idma=ka-him]: to be fond of obj ex: Tp 'ab 'i shoho'idma hegam 'a'al. Children were fond of her. -- Cum 'a shoho'idmakahim. I used to be fond of him/her.

hoho'imun[a]d Vtr plo (for sgo see ho'imun[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort
hoho'imunad]: to nail obj

hoho'imunag see N ho'imunag= nail hoho'i-'u:s NComp aggreg: yellow poppies hoho'odok s- Stat [Neutr: indef s hoho'odok]: to be bumpy hoho'ok see N ho'ok= witch hoho'ok-'a:g VComp intr: to tell a story, a legend hoho'ok-'a:gid VComp tr: to tell a story, a legend to obj
ex: Nt o mhoho'ok-'a:g. 1'1l tell you a story.

hoho'ok-'a:gida NComp: story, legend ( see also ho'ok-'a:gida) hoho'onam N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg hoho'onama-j]: rib(s) hoi see Vintr hoi= to move hoi N aggreg: mountain yucca or Spanish bayonet (the fruit is called hovij) hoike Vintr sgs (for pls see hohoike) [Neutr: indef hoike]: to move reiteratedly
ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu a 'i hoike nat pi ab voho 'i koi. She does not make a single movement because she is fast asleep.

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hoinc/ honvin hoinc (assim of *hoic) in pi hoinc semi Stat Expr intr sgs: to be motionless
ex:'am hab haha masma b 'am 'i pi hoinc 'ep ke:k 'ep. then in that manner it (the mountain) stands again completely still.

hoi Vintr sgs (for pls see hohoi) [Neutr: def hoi; hort and indef hoi. Correl: hoi-k;
immed: hoi-ka-'i. Dur: hoii-d]: to move once, to move in a continuous way ex: 'i:bdag 'at hoi. I am nauseated (my heart moved). --Pi g 'am 'i hoi! Don't move! -ia c 'an haha a ge 'i hoi. Well, and then it (the snake-like monster) moves in his strange undulating way.

hon N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: hona-j); pl: hohon]: one's body, trunk (also called
honp or honpaag)

hongid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hong; hort 'e-hongid]: to move one's body honhai see Vtr honhain= to hit obj with one's trunk honhain Vtr [Neutr: def honhai; hort honhain]: to hit obj with one's trunk hon see Vtr honp= to get by the side of, next to obj honc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef honc]: to have obj by one's side honp Vtr [Neutr: def hon ; hort honp[]]: to get by the side of, next to obj honp N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg honpa-j)]: one's body, trunk (also called hon,
honpaag)

honpaag N inalien indiv [pl: hohonpaag]: one's body, trunk (also called hon,
honp)

hon-vakon Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-hon-vako; hort 'e-hon-vakon]: to wash one's
body, to take a bath

hon-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd p ers sg hon-vakonakua-j)]: bath tub honvi see Vtr honvin= to dance with someone body against body honvin Vtr [Neutr: def honvi; hort honvin]: to rub against obj with one's body, to dance
with somebody body against body ex: T o ho(<ha)honvi. He/she will dance with people body against body.

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honvin/ ho'idkamhonvin Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-honvin. Dur: 'e-honvina-d]: to dance with each other
body against body ex: 'Ehonvin. They are dancing with each other body against body.

honviname Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def honvinam]: to go and dance with obj body
against body ex: T o ho(<ha)honvinam. He/she will go and dance body against body with people.

hovickva Vtr Unit (for Repet see hovickvup) [Neutr: def and hort hovickva]: to
inhale obj, to swallow obj without chewing it (by mistake)

hovickvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see hovickva) sgs (for pls see hohovickvup)
[Neutr: indef hovickvup. Dur: hovickvupa-d]: to inhale obj repeatedly ex: 'I hovickvupc 'ab 'i 'i:bhuivup. He (the medicine man) keeps inhaling it and blowing it out. --Nap hovickvup? Do you inhale (cigarette smoke)?

hovij N alien aggreg: fruit of the Spanish bayonet plant (hoi) hovijig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of hovij in one location ho'i N aggreg: sticker(s)
vi:-ho'i NComp aggreg: small cholla cactus, cacti (fine stickers)

ho'iba N indiv [pl: hoho'iba]: sewing needle ho'id in pi ho'id VExpr dtr [Neutr: def pi ho'i; hort pi ho'id]: to deny, refuse obj to
somebody ex: Kut pi tho'i g cu:kug. They refused us the meat. --Pi g 'am pi haho'id! Don't refuse it to them!

ho'idag in ha'icu ho'idag NExpr aggreg: sticker(s) ho'idaj N: sticker(s) of a specified plant (its stickers) ho'idkam N aggreg: ironwood tree ho'idkamag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hoho'idkamag): to be full of iron
wood trees in one location

ho'idkam-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: ironwood beans

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ho'ig/ ho'imad ho'ig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of stickers in one location ho'ige'el see Vtr s-ho'ige'id= to take pity on, to bless obj ho'ige'el see Vreflex 'e-ho'ige'id= to pray ho'ige'id (contr of *ho'ige'elid) s- Vtr [Neutr: def s-ho'ige'el; hort and indef s-ho'ige'id.
Correl: s-ho'ige'id-k; immed: s-ho'ige'id-ka-'i]: to have pity on, to bless, be kind to obj ex: Sho'ige'id 'o. He has pity on me. -- 'Idam 'o'odham 'o sho'ige'id. These fellows are kind to me. --..mat 'ab o 'i stho'ige'idk 'ab o a(<va) 'i himk 'am o 'i tve:mt. ..that he will take pity on us and come up here to help us. --..matp 'am hab o a(<va) 'i tve:mt 'am 'i stho'ige'idka'i. ..that you will help us after taking pity on us. -- Kunt o smho'ige'idk o mdagto hemu. I'll take pity on you and will let go of you right away. --Nt o 'i smho'ge'el. I am sending you my best regards (1'll bless you).

ho'ige'id (contr of *ho'ige'elid) Vreflex [Neutr: 'e-ho'ige'el; hort and indef

'e-ho'ige'id]: to pray (same as 'e-ho'ige'idahun)

ho'ige'idaag N: prayer (same as ho'ige'idahuna) ho'ige'idahu see Vreflex 'e-ho'ige'idahun= to pray ho'ige'idahun Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ho'ige'idahu; hort 'e-ho'ige'idahun]: to pray
ex: Nt o ho'ige'idahu. I'll pray. --Kutt 'i a(<va) dada hegveheji matt 'am o tho'ige'idahu 'am vui. We came here to pray to Him. -- 'E-g-ho'ige'idahun! Pray!

ho'ige'idahuna N: prayer (same as ho'ige'idaag) ho'ige'idam s- N subst aggreg: one(s) having pity on, being kind to, obj ho'ige'idam vu s- Stat Expr tr: to be one being kind to, obj
ex: Kutp heba'i ha'icu u(<vu) o pi tho'ige'idamk. Whenever some harm is done to us (something will be unkind to us).

ho'i-hunpanaku NComp: tweezers to remove stickers (one at a time) ho'i-ke:kam NComp aggreg: cactus, cacti (stickers standing) ho'imad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ho'imad]: to get stickers on obj
ex: Pt o ho'imad. You're going to get stickers on me. -- Pi g 'am ho'imad! Don't put any stickers on me!

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ho'imad/ Ho'ok Mu'aku ho'imad Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-ho'imad]: to get stickers on oneself
ex: Gogs 'atk 'eho'imad. (I see that) the dog got stickers on himself.

ho'imu see Vtr ho'imun= to get stickers on obj by rubbing against him ho'imun Vtr [Neutr: def ho'imu; hort ho'imun]: to get stickers on obj by rubbing against
him once ex: Pt o ho'imu! You'll get stickers on me by rubbing against me! --Pi g 'am ho'imun! Don't you put stickers on me by rubbing against me!

ho'imun[a]d Vtr sgo (for plo see hoho'imun[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort
ho'imunad. Interr: ho'imuna-him]: to nail obj

ho'imunag N indiv [pl: hoho'imunag]: nail ho'imu Vtr [Neutr: indef ho'imu. Dur: ho'imua-d]: to get stickers on obj by rubbing
against him reiteratedly ex: ho'imu 'o. It stings me every time I rub against it (a sticker in my finger).

ho'ipig Vtr [Neutr: def ho'ip; hort and indef ho'ipig. Dur: ho'ipiga-d]: to remove
stickers from a plant or fruit (not a person)

ho'ipigaku N: brush for removing stickers from fruits or plants ho'i see Vtr ho'ip= to sting obj ho'i see Vreflex 'e-ho'ip= to choke (from swallowing stickers) ho'ip Vtr [Neutr: def ho'i; hort ho'ip[]; imper ho'ipa-]: to sting obj
ex: ho'i 'at. It stung me.

ho'ip Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ho'i]: to choke from swallowing stickers

ex: Cum huk 'oia 'eho'i. He (Coyote) tried to eat it (the cholla disguised as a quail) and he choked.

Ho'ok N indiv [pl: hoho'ok]: name of a mythological character, the Ho'ok Witch; term
applied to a woman who quarrels with everybody

Ho'ok Daiku NExpr (?): name of a mountain (the Ho'ok Witch's Seat) Ho'ok Mu'aku NExpr (?): name of a hill (place where the Ho'ok Witch got killed)

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ho'ok-/ ho:kam ho'ok-va:'o NComp aggreg: a flower, nightblooming cereus (the Ho'ok Witch's thong
to pick cactus fruit)

ho'ok-va:'o-dahidag NComp aggreg: root(s) of the night-blooming cereus (used for

medicinal purposes)

ho'ok-va:'og s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of night-blooming cereus in one

location

ho:-

ho:hi (dial: hohoi) N indiv [pl: hohohi (dial: hohohoi)]: mourning dove ho:ncud Vtr [Neutr: def ho:nc; hort ho:ncud]: to graft obj ho:nt Vtr [Neutr: indef ho:nt]: to make obj into a wife, to take obj as a wife
ex: ..k 'an ho:ntk 'an ve:maj ki: heg'ab do'ag. ..and he took her as a wife and they lived together on that mountain.

ho:ntam ha- N: bridegroom (one taking someone as a wife)

ex: Kut 'ab 'i vai g haho:ntam. He called in the bridegroom.

ho:ba N inalen indiv: deceased wife (same as ho:igba) ho:ig N inalien/indiv [pl/distr: hohoig]: wife ho:ig Stat sing: to have a wife ho:igba N inalien indiv: deceased wife (same as ho:ba) ho:[i]me Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def ho:im; hort ho:me]: to go and
take obj as a wife

ho:kam N subst: a married man (one with a wife)

pi ha ho:kam NExpr: a bachelor (one without a wife)

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ho:ma/ hua ho:ma in pi ta-ho:ma Stat Expr sgs: to be difficult to get as a wife
ex: ..'a hab pi taho:ma. ..she was (hearsay) difficult to get as a wife.

ho:pig Vtr [Neutr: def ho:p; hort ho:pig]: to take a wife away from her husband ho:sa (Span: hoz) N inalien indiv [pl: hohosa]: sickle ( same as 'o:sa) ho:tam s- Adv sg: quickly, fast, right away
ex: 'I g 'i him, sho:tam! Come here, quick! -- Sho:tam 'a gevpkog. I get tired fast.

ho:tamagid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ho:tamag; hort ho:tamagid]: to make obj hurry up ho:tamag see Vtr ho:tamagid:= to make obj hurry up ho:tk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ho:tk. Dur: s-ho:tka-d Interr: s-ho:tka-him); pls: shohotk]: to be fast, rapid ex: 'A sho:tk 'ab ncikpan 'ab. I am fast with my work. --Heg 'o pi ho:tk. He is not fast. -Ha'i shohotkc ha'i pi hohotk. Some (people) are fast and some (people) are slow.

ho:tkam s- N subst sg: one who is fast, rapid ho:tkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is fast, rapid
ex: 'A u sho:tkam 'ab ncikpan 'ab. I am fast with my work.

ho:tkid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort ho:tkid]: to force, put pressure on obj
ex: Nt o 'i mho:tkid pt 'am hab o ju:. I'll force you to do it.

ho:tkid s- Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort s-ho:tkid]: to force, put a lot of pressure on obj
ex: Pi g 'am ab si sho:tkid! Don't pressure me too much!

ho:tkid s- Vreflex sgs [Neutr: indef s-'e-ho:tkid]: to hurry

ex: Nap s'eho:tkid? Are you continually in a hurry?-- Sho:tkid 'a. I am continually in a hurry. -- S'e-'o-ho:tkid. He is continually in a hurry. --Pi 'i(<'a) ho:tkid. I never hurry.

hu-

hua see Vtr huan= to rummage in obj (a container) looking for something

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hua/ huata hua (dial: hoa) N alien/ inalien indiv [sg (loc: hua-c-'e); pl: huha; distr: huhha]: basket
(for non-liquids) ex: Hua 'o hob(<hab) vua. She is working on a basket.

hua Stat sing [mult: huha]: to have a basket huacud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def huac; hort huacud]: to make a basket for somebody out of
obj

Hualub N: Guadalupe Hualub-piast NComp (?): Feast of the Guadalupe Hualub taga NExpr(?): Feast of Guadalupe huan (dial: hoan) Vtr [Neutr: def hua; hort and indef huan. Dur: huanad]: to rummage
in a container (such as a drawer, a basket, a house) looking for something ex: Ha'as a(<va) hua. She stopped rummaging in it. --Huan 'o. She is rummaging in it. -B (<vab ) 'i huanad! Keep on rummaging in it!

huas-ha'a (dial: hoas-ha'a) NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg huas-ha'a-j;) pl:
huhas-haha'a]: dish, plate

huas-ha'a Stat Comp sing [mult: huhas-haha'a]: to have a dish, a plate huaom (dial: hoaom) N inalien indiv [pl: huhaom]: buckskin bag, pouch (used
when traveling to carry one's medicine)

hua-u:dagim Adv Comp (?): by the basketful huat (dial: hoat) Vtr sing (for mult see huhat) [Neutr: def, hort and indef huat. Dur:
huata-d]: to make a basket out of obj ex: Hema 'at huat g ce'ul. She made a willow basket (she made a basket out of willow). -Huat 'o. She is making a basket. --Nt o a(<va) mmaca mapt has masma vo huatad. I'll teach you how to make a basket.

huata N: act of making a basket, basketmaking

exs: Nap sma:c g huata? Do you know (the art of) basket making?

huata N inalien sg: basket (in the process of being) made by someone

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huat[a]dam/ hu huat[a]dam N subst: basketmaker huat[a]ag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-huhataag]: to be good at basketmaking
ex: Heg 'o shuataag. She is good at basket making. -- Hegam 'o shuhataag.They are good at basketmaking. --Pi 'int(<'ant) 'iagt g hua, 'oia hab pi huataag. I did not offer my (first) basket, that is why I am not good at basketmaking.

huatakam s- N sg: one who is good at basket making, a good basketmaker huatamk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-huatamk); pls: s-huhatamk]: to like
basketmaking ex: Heg 'o shuatamk. She likes basketmaking. --Hegam 'o shuhatamk. They like basketmaking.

huavig s- Stat irnpers Unit (for Distr see s-huhavig): to be full of deer in one location huav N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg huavi=ga-j]: blacktail deer, mule deer
keli-huav NComp indiv [pl: kekel huav]: buck (adult male deer) 'oks-huav NComp indiv [pl: 'o'oksi huav]: doe (adult female deer)

huav-cu:kug NComp alien (1st pers sg: -huav-cu:kug=ga): venison (deer flesh) huav-'eldag (pron: huav'ieldag) NComp alien [1st pers sg -huav-'eldag=ga]:
buckskin

huc N inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg huc; 3rd pers sg huci-j; instr huc-kaj);pl: hu:c; 1st
pers sg hu:c; instr: hu:c-kaj]: nail of a person gogs-huc NComp indiv [pl: gogs-hu:c]: dog claw huav-huc (pron: huavhiuc) NComp indiv [pl: huav-hu:c]: deer hoof kavyu-huc NComp indiv [pl: kavyu-hu:c]: horse hoof

huc Stat sing [mult: hu:c]: to have a nail

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ce'ecev hu:c. I don't have long nails. --Ku hab ge ce'ecev hu:c g no:nhaij c ta:taaj. And thus (hearsay) her fingers and her feet had unusually long nails.

hucij N indiv [pl: hu:cij]: claw, hoof, talon of a specified animal (its claw) huckam N aggreg: Sonora dove hu see Vintr hu[u]= to go down

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hu/ huu hu N inalien [sg (3rd pers sg hua-j)]: heart (same as 'i:bdag) hua Postp [distr: huhua]: on the side of, in the middle of obj
ex: ki: hua= along the side (half way up and along) of the house -- do'ag hua= along the side of the mountain --'ana'i hua= along its side (of the mountain) --Ki: huhua 'an 'o him. It's going around the sides of the houses.-- 'Atk 'an si mu: g cu:v 'an hua g hapodkaj. He hit the rabbit on the side (on the side of him) with an arrow.

huava see Vtr huavag= to coax, pester obj huavag Vtr [Neutr: def huava; hort and indef huavag. Dur: huavag-d: Interr:
huavag[i]-him]: to coax, pester obj (in order to make him do something); to pay attention to obj ex: Ha'as a(<va) huava. He stopped coaxing me/ pestering me.-- Nt o a(<va) si huava g 'oks t o ha'i ma: g lial. I'll coax this old lady into giving me some money. -Pi 'ab hu huavag! Don't pay any attention to him! --'am a(<va) cum huavagihim. he kept pestering him in vain. --'In ab 'a'ai 'ema:kc pi 'ab hu a 'i hahuavag. They just share it among themselves and do not pay any attention to them. --'am haha huavag g Ban. then Coyote pesters him (to do something). -- Pi g 'ab hu huavagad! Don't be pestering me constantly! --M g a(<va) si huavagad t o a(<va) mma:. Keep on coaxing him, he will give it to you. --'Am a(<va) cum huavag. He pesters him in vain (to do it). --'am hu heba'i matp haha 'i cum hahuavag mat o hanolot. later on they (the people) pestered them (the boys) trying in vain to buy them (the birds) from them --Pi g 'am hu hudavagad! Don't be fooling around with it (an object which one is nervously manipulating).

huunk Adv: in the evening (when the sun is going down)

ex:'am hab hihhim huunk. they go down there every evening.--...k huunk o jiva. and (I) will arrive in the evening.--Nt o a(<va) mei huunk. I'll see you in the evening. -- b(<vab) 'i huunk= before sunset (when the sun is still going down). ba'ic 'i huunk Adv Expr: two evenings from now (the evening after the next one) si'alim huunk Adv Expr: tomorrow evening ex: Nt o mei si'alim huunk. I'll see you tomorrow evening.

huuns Stat: to be steep downward (a path)

ex: 'Am 'o si 'i huuns. It's very steep (goes down very steeply).

huu Vintr Unit (for Repet see huhuuk) sgs (for pls see huhuk) [Neutr: def
hu; hort huu. Interr: hu[u][i]-him]: to go down ex: B(<'ab) 'at 'i hu. He got off (a car). --'1 'ant o a(<va) 'i hu. I'll get off (a car) here. -B(<'ab) g 'i huu! Get off (a car)! --ia c 'ab hab 'u:pam 'i 'ep hu 'ab g'oidk. Well, and

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huu/ hu[u]id
he climbed back down along it (a tall plant).-- Nt o 'i hu 'am 'akc'ea. I'll go down in the wash. --M(<'am) g 'i hudu! Go down there! -- B(<'ab) 'o hi a(<va) huhim. He is coming down this way. -- 'Am 'o huihim. He is going down that way. --'Ebeihim 'ab vijinat'ab c 'i huhim. He is holding himself to the rope and going down. -- 'am haha 'i huihimk 'am haha va: g'ea ciho. ..then he (the bird flying) went down and then he entered the cave.

hu[u] Vintr: to set (sun, moon or a star)

ex: ..tp 'ea 'im hu hu g ta. ..it was sometime after sunset (at the time the sun had gone down). -- ..'am 'i hu g ta. ..after sunset (the sun had gone down). --..matp 'ea 'im hu hu g ta. ..right after sunset (the sun had already set). --M(<'am) 'atk 'al 'i ha hu g ta . The sun has just a few moments ago gone down.-- Gm hu ko:k matp 'am 'i hu. They fell asleep after sunset. --Huihim 'ok g ta. The sun is setting (speaker is seeing it). -elma 'ok huihim g ta. The sun is just about to set.

huu N [loc: huun-t-'ab]: west, evening (same as huig)

ves huunt'ab (assim of *huut'ab) Adv Expr: every evening (same as huhuukad) ex: Nt o ho'ok m'a'agidad ves huunt'ab. I'll be telling you a legend every evening.

huu vu Stat Expr: to be evening

ex: Sko:sim mo 'om(<'am) u 'i gi'ik huu. She is sleepy (when it is) the fourth evening.

huu see Vtr hu[u]id= to take, let, obj down hu[u]id Vtr Unit (for Repet see huhuusid) sgo (for plo see huhusid) [Neutr:
def huu; hort and indef hu[u]id. Correl: hu[u]id-k; immed: hu[u]id-ka-'i]: to take obj down, to let obj go down (as when letting someone off a car) ex:k 'ab 'i huu 'ab vu:lot'amje. and she took him down from the donkey (back). -- B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i mhuu mki: 'ab. I'll drop you off at your house.--B(<'ab) 'apt o 'i huu ki: 'ab. Drop it (a parcel) at his house. --'I g 'i huid 'i:ya'a! Put it down here! -'i hu hab 'i huidk g hu hab 'am haha dai. he took it down (the tall plant) and then over there (back at the village) he set it down.

hu[u]id Vintr impers [Neutr: def huu; indef hu[u]id]: to go on (an activity) until
sundown ex: 'Atp am hi a(<va) heba'i 'am hab huu 'ama'i k 'am hab vo: 'ama'i. This went on until sundown (which found them) somewhere and they camped down there. -- ia hab 'ejuk 'am himk 'am haha 'i huuk g hu 'ep jivak 'am hab 'i ha'a:gid. Well, this is what happened and time went by and then it was sundown and he got back over there (to the village) and he told them (the people). -- Vo:pk vo:pk 'am heba'i 'ep huid 'am 'ep vo'i. They ran and ran and this went on until sunset (again) and they got back down there.

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hu[u]id/ huva hu[u]id Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-hu[u]id. Interr: 'e-huida-him]: to spill down, to
climb down one behind the other (as of a truckload of people) ex:..'ab 'i 'i(<'e)huidk gn hu have:gaj 'ecu'avgidc 'am hacecega. ..they spill down (from the top of the hill) and they press themselves around them (the dead enemies) and examine them. -- 'Ehuidahim. They are spilling down (from a truck or a bus).

hu[u]ig N [loc: huig-t-'ab]: west, evening

ex: huig ta:gio= westward (no motion) -- huig vui= to the west (with motion).-ves hu[u]ig-t-'ab= every evening

hu[u]im N subst: evening

ex:'am haha haje:gidahim heg 'i huim. then he addressed them at a meeting that very evening.

hu[u]im s-ta- Adv: fordable

ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu 'o tahuim cu'ig. It (the river) did not seem to be fordable.

huva see Vtr huvan= to terrify obj huva see Vreflex 'e-huvan= to get terrified huvan Vtr sgo (for plo see huhuvan) [Neutr: def huva; hort huvan]: to terrify
obj ex: Pi g 'am huvan! Don't terrify him! --T o huva. It/he wil1 terrify me.

huvan Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-huhudvan) [Neutr: def 'e-huva; hort 'e-huvan]:
to get terrified ex: 'Ehuva 'at 'i:da'a viappoi. That boy got terrified. -- Pi g'am a 'i 'ehuvan! Don't get terrified!

huvanc semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see huhuvanc) [Neutr: indef 'e-huvanc. Dur:
'e-huvanci-d]: to get terrified ex: 'E-'ep(<'ap)-huvanc! You're terrified

huva Vtr sgo (for plo see huhuva) [Neutr: indef huva. Dur: huvaa-d]: to
terrify obj reiteratedly ex: huva 'ap. You make me feel apprehensive again and again.

huva Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-huhuva) [Neutr: indef 'e-huva]: to get
terrified reiteratedly ex: 'Ehuva. He gets terrified agin and again.

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hug-/ hugidd 'an hug- Vtr [Neutr: def hu:; hort hu:g; imper sgs huga-; pls hug-vo. Correl: hug-k;
immed: hug-ka-'i. Compl: hugi-ok; immed: hugi-oka-'i]: to eat obj once or for the first time (see also ku'a) ex: a:cu 'upt(<'apt) hu:? What did you(sg) eat? -- Napt o ho(<ha) hu: g mu:? Will you eat some mashed beans?-- Matt hekid ha'icu vo hugk 'am o 'i ge'e vo hu:, t o tko:vog. Whenever we eat something and eat a lot of it, it makes us full. --Huga g 'ebi: g kusalkaj k o ko'ito! Eat the food on your plate with a spoon and finish it off! -- Hugvo g 'ebibi! Eat the food on your plates! --'Oi g hu:g! Go ahead, eat it! --a:cu 'upt(<'apt) hu: da:m-juk? What did you eat at noon? -- a:cu 'upt(<'apt) o hu: huunk? What will you eat for dinner (in the evening)? --Pi o hu: g 'emu'adc. He will not eat his first kill. --Pi o hu: g 'emu'madc. They will not eat their first kill. -- hu: k hu: k hu: k 'am 'i ves ko'ito. he ate it and ate it and ate it and finished it all off. --'Oi g o hugk o kokvodk pi 'im(< 'am) hu ha'icu 'ep o 'i 'a:gahi! Hurry up and eat your fill so that you won't ask for something (to eat between meals)! -- Cum hugk 'oia 'eho'i. As a consequence of his trying to eat it he (Coyote) choked (to death). --'A! g Ban g hejel 'egi:g hugiok me:! Oh! Coyote having eaten his own fat ran off! --Nt o hugiok 'ep o hu 'ep. After I am through eating it I'll leave again. --...vo hugiok 'am ha'icu vo a nje:ig!. after you are through eating it brief me on the latest news!

hug- Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hu:]: to get eaten once or for the first time
ex:mat a(<va) vo g Ho'ok-cu:kug 'ehu: hemu. (I hear) that the flesh of the Ho'ok is going to be eaten soon.

hugid Vtr [Neutr: def hug; hort hugid; imper sgs hugida-]: to finish, end obj (same as
ku:gid) ex: 'i a(<va) hug g 'ee'i. Here is where he (hearsay) ended his song. --Hugida g 'ehua! Finish your basket!

hugidag in jevu-hugidag NComp [loc: jevu-hugidag-t-'ab]: shore line, edge of the

land (see also jevu hugid 'an)

hugidag in [ge-]u:dag-hugidag NComp [loc: ge-u:dag-hugidag-t-'ab]: seashore,

edge of the water (also called u:dag hugid 'an)

hugidag Stat: to have an end, a tip, a top, an edge hugidaj N: cud, food in the stomach of a specified animal (its cud) hugidd 'an (contr of *hugida 'an) Adv Expr: on the (its) end, tip, top edge, shore,
bank of a specified object or place ex: Hema 'in hu hugidd 'an 'ep daha. There is another one (sitting) on its edge. --'an ab bei hugidd 'an g jevu 'ecek.he just grabbed the (on its) edge of the earth made by him.

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hugid 'ab/-hugig hugid 'ab Postp Expr [distr: huhugid 'ab]: next to obj (up somewhere or against)
ex: hikkivig hugid 'ab= next to the woodpecker up there (on that tree) --pualt hugid 'ab= by the door (and against the wall) --'ehuhugid 'ab= next to each other (against a wall)

hugid 'am Postp Expr [distr: huhugid 'am]: next to, on the side of obj (down
somewhere) ex: ia tp 'am hab vo: 'ama'i heghugid 'am. Well, they camped somewhere down there on its edge (of the wash). --'am heba'i g hu u:dag hugid 'am. somewhere down there on the shore (the edge of the water). --'am si 'ama'i, si hugid 'am hega'i. right down there, right next to that fellow. --Ki: huhugid 'am 'apt o hi:! Walk all around the sides of the house! --B(<vab) 'am 'i 'ehuhugid 'am eiok. They are all talking at the same time.

hugid 'an Postp Expr [distr: huhugid 'an]: next to obj (on the same level)
ex: hugid 'an da'ibij. He passed next to me. --hugid 'an g himad! Walk next to me! --'In g hu 'i kekiva hugid 'an! Stand up next to me! --c 'in hahugid 'an kekiva g Ban. and Coyote stopped next to them. --gn hu 'i kekiva hugid 'an. he stopped next to him. -- 'An 'o ke:k 'i mhugid 'an. It is standing right next to you. --'An 'o ke:k 'am hahugid 'an. He is standing down there next to them. --k 'am dahiva g hab hugid 'an. and it (the kicking ball) stopped not far from her. -- 'In a(<va) 'i hugid 'an daha. It's (sitting) right next to me. --'In 'o 'i mhugid 'an daha. It's (sitting) right next to you. --'In 'o hob(<hab) hugid 'an ki:. He lives next door to him. --tp ghuhugid 'an 'an 'o'odhamag. along its banks (of the river) there was a village. --hab a(<va) 'i kaij mo g vo'o 'an 'ehuhugid 'an. it sounded as it does on the shores of a lake. jevu hugid 'an Postp Expr [distr: jevu huhudid an] on the shore line, the seashore (see also jevu-hugidag) ex: Gani(<ganai) hu jevu hugid 'an vesko kaidag. It (the flute) is heard all over all the way to the seashore u:dag hugid 'an Postp Expr: on the seashore (see also [ge-]u:dag-hugidag) ex: ..mo gn hu smu'ij u:dag hugid 'an. ..which are numerous on the seashore.

hugid 'an ki:kam NExpr (Postp+N) [sing (1st pers sg -hugid 'an ki:kam; 3rd pers sg
hugid 'an ki:kam); mult: huhugid 'an ki:kam; reflex 'e-huhugid 'an ki:kam ]: one's neighbor (one living next to)

hugid 'an ki:kam vu Stat Expr (Postp+N): to be somebody's neighbor

ex: D(< vu) 'o hugid 'an ki:kam. He is my neighbor. -- D(<vu) 'o hugid 'an ki:kam. He is his neighbor.

-hugig in compounds inalien: food eaten by; staple food, diet, of

cu:v[]-hugig NComp: rabbit food, food eaten by rabbits. vu cu:v[]-hugig Stat Expr: to be the food eaten by rabbits ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o hu:. D(<vu) 'o ob(<vab) cu:v-hugig. I won't eat that. It's just rabbit food.

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hugigaj/ hug hugigaj N: diet, staple food, of a specified animal or person (its/his food) hugim s- V subst tr: to wish to eat obj
ex: Nap shugim g cu:v? Are you(sg) in the mood for rabbit meat (are you hungry for rabbit meat)? -- Nam shugim g cu:kug? Are you(pl) in the mood for meat?

hugimcud s-Vimpers dtr [Neutr: def s-hugimc; indef s-hugimcud]: to make somebody
feel like eating something ex: Shugimc g mu:. It put me in the mood to eat beans (gave me a hunger for beans). --a 'i shugimcud 'o g cu:kug. It makes me feel like eating meat. --Sthugimcud 'o g cu:kug. It makes us feel like eating meat. --Cum 'o shugimcud g cu:kug. It used to make me feel like eating meat. -- Mat hekid ha'icu vo thugimc 'att o hu:. Whenever we feel like eating something we eat it.

hugimdag in ha'icu hugimdag NExpr: desire to eat, hunger for something

cu:kug-hugimdag NComp: desire to eat meat, hunger for meat ex: T'ai 'at g cu:kug-hugimdag. The desire to eat meat came upon us.

hugimkam in ha'icu s-hugimkam NExpr aggreg: one(s) with the desire to eat,
having a hunger for something cu:kug s-hugimkam NExpr aggreg: one(s) with the desire to eat meat

hugimun Vtr [Neutr: def hugimu; hort and indef hugimun. Dur: hugimuna-d]: to break,
crumble, obj with fingernails or fingertips ex: Nt o hugimu g pa:n 'am bi: 'e. 1'l1 crumble bread into my plate of food.

hugimu Vtr [Neutr: indef hugimu. Dur: hugimua-d]: to break, crumble obj with
fingernails or fingertips reiteratedly

hugiolid/hugolid Vtr [Neutr: def and hort hugiolid; imper sgs hugiolida-]: to share
one's food with obj, to save food for obj (same as hugko'icud) ex: Pt o thugiolid! Share your food with us! --Hugiolida! Share your food with him!

hugiolidam/hugolidam s- Vsubst tr: to wish to share one's food with obj, to save
food for obj ex: Shugiolidam. He wants to share his food with me. -- Heg 'a cum shugiolidam. I want to save it for him.

hugiva Vintr [Neutr: def hugiva]: to end (same as hugt, ku:gt and kugiva)
ex:.. 'am o a(<va) 'i hugiva. ..then it will end.

hug see Vtr hugid= to finish, end, obj

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hug/ hugk hug in ha'icu hug NExpr inalien [1st pers pl ha'icu t-hug]: food
ex: Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu ha'icu vi'is g ha'icu hug. There is no food left. -- Ha'icu hug 'at mumkc. I got sick from what I ate (the food made me sick). -- Heg 'at ves o tvo:po'i g ha'icu thug. He is going to take away all our food from us. cu:v[] ha'icu hahug NExpr: rabbit food ha'icu hug[] vu Stat Expr: to be food ex: Skeg u ha'icu hug. It's good food. -- B(<hab) 'at a(<va) masma skeg u o ha'icu hugk mo g 'emki: 'am ha'icu hug. It will be as good a food as the food at your(pl) home. --...kut u ab o skeg ha'icu hugkad. ...it will be a good staple food.

hug[]cud Vdtr [Neutr: def hugc; hort hug[]cud Dur: hug[]cuda-d. Correl: hug[]cudk; immed: hug[]cud-ka-'i]: to make, help somebody eat obj (once or for the first time) ex: B(<'ab) g hugcud! (Why don't you) feed it to him! --B(<'ab) g ab(<vab) hugcud! Just feed it to me --a:cu 'up(<'ap) hugcud? What are you feeding him? -- Pt o hugcudk hugcudk hekid o 'ip ko'ito! Feed it to him and feed it to him until he finishes it off.

hug[]cud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hugc]: to eat clay (ritual eating of clay by a girl at
puberty or a woman after giving birth) ex: Napt 'ehugc? Did you eat clay?

hug[]cuda in bid-hug[]cuda NComp (?): clay eating (ritual eating of clay by a girl
at puberty or a woman after giving birth)

hug[]cudas Stat : to have been through the clay eating ceremony (to have been fed
clay) ex: No hugcudas? Has she been through the clay eating ceremony?

hugt Vintr [Neutr: def hugt. Interr: hugta-him]: to end (same as hugiva, ku:gt and
kugiva) ex: 'I a(<va) 'i hugt. That's the end of it (it ended here).

hugk, hugka'i see Vtr hug-= to eat obj hugk Stat: to be the place where something stops, ends
ex: ia 'i 'o hugk m'i:ya'a. Well, here is where it (the story) ends, right here. --ia 'i 'o va 'i hugk. Well, this is the end (of the story).

hugk in si 'i hahugk 'an Postp Expr: the very last one of them (of a series)
ex: Gn hu hab si ki: si 'i hahugk 'an hega'i Sto:ta-Hiosig. Way up there lived Sto:ta-Hiosig in the very last (house).

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hugk/ hugko'icud hugk (in stative expressions):

gn hu 'i hugk Stat Expr: to stop in a wide circle ex: 'ea me:k gn hu 'i hugk g jeg. It is said that, at the time the clearing went far out all around (the house which was in the center of the clearing). -- 'ea gn hu me:k 'i hugk g 'u'us. It is said that, at the time the trees stopped in a wide circle all around (the house was in the center of the clearing). 'im hu 'i hugk Stat Expr sgs [pls: 'im hu 'i huhugk]: to be about three feet high (said of people or plants) ex: 'Im hu 'i hugk hega'i viappoi. He is about three feet high, that boy. -- 'Im hu 'i huhugk hegam vupiop. They each are about three feet high, those boys. 'in hab 'i hugk Stat Expr: to stop in a circular line ex: 'In hab a(<va) 'i hugk g a'i. The brush stops in a circular line from here. 'in hu 'i hugk Stat Expr: to stop evenly, to have one's end at an even distance from a fixed point ex: ..vu 'i vaikokam mat ce'eceveda 'in hu 'i hugk. ..the third time, they (the feathers) reached their full length.

hugka see Vtr hugkan= to sink one's fingernails, claws, talons, into obj, to claw obj hugka Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort hugka]: to scratch obj once getting the skin off hugka Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-huhugka) [Neutr: def and hort 'ehugka]: to
scratch oneself up once getting the skin off ex: Pt o 'ehugka! You're going to scratch yourself up!

hugkan Vtr [Neutr: def hugka]: to sink one's fingernails, claws, talons, into obj, to claw
obj once ex: Hekid o a bagatk ab 'am o a(<va) 'i hugka g 'ali. When she (the Ho'ok) gets angry she sinks her claws in the child.

hugka Vtr [Neutr: indef hugka. Dur: hugkaa-d]: to sink one's fingernails, claws,
talons into obj reiteratedly ex: Heg 'o hugka. She is sinking his fingernails into me again and again. -- Pi g 'am hugkaad! Don't be sinking your fingernails into me!

hugko'icud Vtr [Neutr: def hugko'ic]: to share one's food with obj, to save food for obj
(same as hugiolid) ex: Pt o thugko'ic. Share your food with us!

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hugkubin/ hugk 'am hugkubin Vtr sgo [Neutr: def hugkub; hort and indef hugkubin. Dur: hugkubina-d]: to
pluck obj once with one's fingernails or fingertips or something like nails worn on one's fingertips; to play the guitar, banjo ex: Nt o hugkub g gi:dal. I'll play (pluck) the guitar.

hugkubina N: act of plucking, playing, a stringed instrument (plucking the string with
one's fingernails or instruments worn on one's fintertips)

hugkubinaag s- Stat sgs: to be good at plucking a stringed instrument hugkuvinakam s- N subst: one who is good at plucking a stringed instrument hugkubinaku N: finger picks for a stringed instrument (instrument to pluck with) hugkubi Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef hugkubi. Dur: hugkubia-d]: to pluck obj with one's
finternails or fingertips (or something like nails) reiteratedly

hugkub see Vtr hugkubin= to pluck obj with one's fingernails or fingertips hugkuvi see Vtr hugkuvin= to scratch obj off with one's nails hugkuvin Vtr [Neutr: def hugkuvi; hort and indef hugkuvin. Dur: hugkuvina-d]: to
scratch obj off once with one's nails

hugkuvi Vtr [Neutr: indef hugkuvi. Dur: hugkuvia-d]: to scratch obj off several
times with one's finger nails as when trying to remove a dry spot.

hugk 'am (in adverbial expressions) [pl: huhugk 'am]: as far as

gm hu hugk 'am Adv Expr: as far as the end ex: Gami hu hugk 'am 'e'a:gid 'Akimelt'am. It was announced as far as the end of Pima country. gm hu 'i hugk 'am AdvExpr: as far as over there 'ab hugk 'am Adv Expr: up to there, as far as up there ex: Nt o mve:m me: 'ab hugk 'am 'ab 'i cu:lk. I'll run with you as far as the corner. 'am hugk 'am Adv Expr: up to, as far as, as much as, until ex:matk 'am hugk 'am hi: 'ama'i. that's as far as there is evidence that he went. --Kuinta vestmam 'am hugk 'am! Count up to ten! -- S voho hea'i 'am hugk 'am sma:c ha'icu ma 'a:i'i! How could there be anyone who knows as much as I do! 'am [va] 'i hugk 'am Adv Expr: no more, no longer, as far as there ex:b(<vab) 'am a(<va) 'i hugk'am ma:s ki: ve:gaj. her tracks stopped showing behind the house. -- 'Am 'a hi va 'i hugk 'am sma:c. That's as much as I know. --'Am 'i hugk 'am: from beginning to end. --ia c 'am a(<va) 'i hugk 'am eid hegam 'o'odham. Well, and that's the last time they saw her.

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hugk 'am/ hugan

'am vepo hugk'am Postp Expr: the same amount as obj ex: Nt o a(<va) hama: 'am ab mvepo hugk'am. I will give them just the same amount as to you. 'ea hugk 'am Mod Expr sg [pl: 'e'ea huhugk 'am]: half, in half ex: 'ea hugk 'am ha'a= a half full olla -- 'Ea hugk 'am 'am a(<va) 'i hi: g tje:gida t aha(<haha) 'i jiva. We were half way through our meeting when he arrived. -- Heg 'o (<vu) 'ea hugk 'am Ju:kam. He is half Mexican. --Hegam 'o (<vu) 'e'ea huhugk 'am Jujkam. They are half Mexican. 'im hu 'i hugk 'am Adv Expr: outside, on the other side of ex: Ku 'im hu 'i hugk 'am 'o'odhamag ma gm hu vab me:k 'am ki:. Outside of the village, way out, is where they lived. 'im hu 'i hugk 'am Mod Expr sg [pl: 'im hu 'i huhugk 'am]: about three feet high ex: 'Atp 'im hu 'i hugk 'am u 'al ha:a. He was a kind of saguaro cactus about three feet high. -- ge 'im hu 'i hugk 'am u viappoi. He was (hearsay) a boy about three feet high.-- 'Im hu 'i huhugk 'am u vi:piop. They are boys about three feet high each. 'an hugk 'am Adv Expr: all over, as far as ex:c 'aigo 'im hu ha'ap m'an heba'i hugk 'am 'O'odhamag. and on the other side of it, all over the territory populated by 'O'odham. 'i hugk'am ...kia Adv Expr: no more, no longer, for now ex: Kunt 'i hugk 'am hab o kia cei. That's all I will say for now. 'in hu 'i hugk'am Adv Expr: up to, in a circle ex: 'in hu 'i hugk 'am kuso 'an: up to my neck --'in hu a(<va) 'i hugk 'am 'ekuso 'an: right up to his neck 'i [va] 'i hugk'am Adv Expr: up to here, as far as here, no longer, no more ex: Kunt 'i va 'i hugk'am hab o cei. I will say no more. --ia k 'i a(<va) hugk 'am hab cei. Well, and that's all he said.

hugk 'amje Adv Expr: from the place where something ends, stops
'ea hugk 'amje Adv Expr: from the middle on ex: Kunt 'in hu ab a(<va) 'ea hugk 'amje 'am i bek. Since I just took it (the story) from the middle on.

hug see Vtr hugp= to push obj huga see Vtr hugan= to scratch obj huga see Vreflex 'e-hugan= to scratch oneself hugan Vtr sgo [Neutr: def huga; hort and indef hugan]: to scratch obj
ex: No smohogid? M(<'am) 'ant o 'i mhuga. Does it itch? I'll scratch you. -- Smohogid 'am 'o: 'am, m(<'am) g 'i hugan! It itches down on my back, scratch me!

hugan Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-huhugan) [Neutr: def 'e-huga; hort and indef 'ehugan. Dur: 'e-hugana-d]: to scratch oneself; to play the guitar

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hugan/ huhag
ex: Nt o huga. I'll scratch myself/ I'll play the guitar. --Pi g 'am 'ehuganad, pt o 'o(<'e)hugkad. Don't be scratching yourself, you'll scratch the skin off.

huganaku N: backscratcher (instrument to scratch with) huganaku vu Stat Expr: to be an instrument to scratch with
ex: Hu:c 'o o(<vu) huganaku. Nails are an instrument to scratch with.

hugp Vtr Unit [Neutr: def hug ; hort hugp; imper sgs hugpa-]: to pinch obj once
ex: Si hug g 'ehu:ckaj. She pinched me hard with her fingernails. -- Pi g 'am hugp! Don't pinch me!

huga Vreflex sgs [Neutr: indef huga]: to scratch oneself reiteratedly (as when to
stop an itch)

hugu see Vtr hugum= to rake obj with fingertips or a rake, a harrow hugum Vtr [Neutr: def hugu; hort hugum]: to rake obj with fingertips or an object a
rake/ harrow (see also nassid or na:sig) ex: 'I hugum g hohodai! Rake up the rocks! --'I hugum g ha'icu ha:hag! Rake up the leaves!

hugumaku N: harrow (instrument to rake with) hugum-vama NComp indiv [pl: hugum-vahamma]: a variety of snake (either
king snake or coral snake, thus named because of the designs on its back that look as if they had been made with a raking motion of the fingertips)

hugum-vamaag s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of king or coral snakes in one
location

huha see N hua= basket huha see Vtr huhag= to load obj in one container huhag (dial: hohag; redupl of *huag) Vtr Unit (for Repet see huhhag) sing (for mult see huhhag) [Neutr: def huha; imper sgs huhaga-; hort huhag]: to load, haul obj in
one container ex: Nt o huha g pilka hu:ka. I'll haul in my wheat cuttings. -- Huhaga g 'epilkaga! Haul in your wheat! -- 'Oi g huhag! Haul it in right away!

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huhagid/ huhhag huhagid (redupl of *huagid) Vdtr sing [Neutr: def huhag; hort huhagid]: to load/ haul
obj in one container for somebody ex: Vat o huhag g pilkaga. He said he would haul in my wheat for me. -- M g huhagid g pilkaga! (Could you) haul in my wheat for me!

huhag see Vtr huhag= to load, haul obj in one container huhag see Vdtr huhagid= to load, haul obj in one container for somebody huhas-haha'a see N huas-ha'a= dish, plate huhas-haha'a see Stat huas-ha'a= to have a plate, a dish huhas-haha'a-to'aku NComp indiv: cupboard (place or instrument to put dishes) huhas-haha'a-vakonaku NComp indiv [pl: huhas-haha'a-vapkonaku]: sink (place
or instrument to wash dishes)

huhaom see N huaom= buckskin bag, pouch huhat Vtr mult (for sing see huat) [Neutr: def, hort and indef huhat]: to make baskets
out of obj ex: Mamaint 'o 'atp huhat. They were making mats out of it, or maybe they were making baskets out of it.

huhataag see Stat s-huataag= to be good at basketmaking huhatamk see Stat s-huatamk= to like basketmaking huhavig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-huavig): to be full of deer in one location huhha see N hua= basket huhha see Vtr huhhag= to load, haul obj in several containers huhhag Vtr Repet (for Unit see huhag) sing [Neutr: indef huhhag. Dur: huhhaga-d]: to
load/ haul obj in one container repeatedly ex: a:p masma huhhag g pilka? How do you usually haul wheat? --Huhhag 'a g pilka hi:ka. I (always) haul in my wheat cuttings.

huhhag Vtr mult (for sing see huhag) [Neutr: def huhha; hort huhhag]: to load/ haul
obj in several containers ex: Pt o huhha! Make several loads of it (haul it in several loads)! -- 'Oi g huhhag! Go ahead, haul it in several loads!

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huhhujuag/ huhuk huhhujuag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-huhujuag): to be full of a certain
variety of lizards in several locations

huhhulgat Vintr Repet (for Unit see huhulgat) [Neutr: indef huhhulgat. Dur:
huhhulgata-d]: to menstruate repeatedly ex: Vaha vo huhhulgatad. From now on she will menstruate repeatedly.

huhhum Vintr Repet (for Unit see hu:hum) pls (for sgs see huhume) [Neutr: indef
huhhum; concurs: huhhun-c. Dur: huhhuma-d. Interr: huhhuma-him]: to become empty repeatedly (several containers) ex: Huhhumc 'am 'ep u:ugc 'ep huhhum. They got empty and again they got full and again they got empty.

huhu see Vtr huhu= to rub grease on, to grease obj huhuc see N huc= nail, claw, talon, hoof huhu see Vintr huhuk= to go down huhu (redupl of *hu) Vtr [Neutr: def huhu; hort and indef huhu. Correl: huhu-k;
immed: huhu-ka-'i]: to rub grease on, to grease obj ex: Pt o 'i huhuk o 'i daghiuv 'ab vuhio. Rub cream on her in order to massage her face!

huhu (redupl of *hu) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-huhu; hort 'e-huhu]: to rub grease/
cream on oneself ex: 'Apt o 'i 'i(<'e)huhu 'ab 'evuhio! Rub cream on your face! --'Evuhio g 'i 'i(<'e)huhu! (Why don't you) rub cream on your face!

huhua see Postp hua= on the side, in the middle of obj huhuaku N: facial cream huhua-vu:pkam (contr o f *huhua-vu:puikam) NComp aggreg: a variety of beans,
black-eyed beans (with eyes in the middle; Kolo:di word, same as Totogua 'u'us-bav )

huhuk Vintr pls (for sgs see hu[u]) [Neutr: def huhu; indef huhuk; concurs
huhuk-c; hort huhuk. Dur: huhuka-d. Interr: huhuk[i]-him]: to go down ex: Cum hekid 'o 'om(<'am) huhuk 'akc'ea g haiva. Every time, cattle go down into the wash. --'am cum huhukc gm hu ab va:p g haooiga. they repeatedly tried to go down in there and each time their horses just sank. --ia tp 'am haha 'i huhuk hegam vi:piop. Well, then they came down (from the top of the mountain), those boys. -'amje 'i huhuk 'i huhuk 'am hab dahaiva. after that they (the birds) went down

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huhuk/ huhuva
and down and landed down there.--M(<'am) g o 'i huhuk 'akc'e! Go down (you pl) into the wash! --'i huhukhim. ...they are coming down (in an interrupted fashion).

huhus see Vtr huhusid= to take, let, obj down huhusid Vtr plo (for sgo see hud[u]id) [Neutr: def huhus; hort and indef
huhusid. Correl: huhusid-k; immed: huhusid-ka-'i. Dur: huhusida-d]: to let obj down ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i 'emhuhus 'emki: 'aba'i. I'll drop you off at your house. --B(<'ab) 'apt o 'i huhus ki: 'ab! Drop them (parcels) off at my house!

huhuuk (assim of*huhuek) Vtr Repet (for Unit see hu[u]) sgs [Neutr: indef
huhuuk; concurs huhuuk-c. Dur: huhuuka-d]: to go down repeatedly ex: Si 'i huhuukc 'am si 'i vahammig. It keeps going way down and way up.-- Cum hekid 'o 'om(<'am) huhuuk 'akc'e g haivaga. My cow goes down into the wash each time. -- 'Ab 'o 'i huhuuk 'ema:gina 'amje. He always gets off his car up there.

huhuukad Adv: every evening (every time the sun goes down)
ex:'am hab hihhim huhuukad. they go down there every evening.--ia k hab 'a'aga ma u hega'i mo huhuukad gm hu dahivup hu'u. Well, and he is called by the name of that star which rises over there every evening. --heg o vepog hu'u mo 'om(<'am) dadde huhuukad. (I) will change myself into that star which sets every evening.

huhuusid Vtr Repet (for Unit see hu[u]sid) sgo [Neutr: indef huhuusid. Dur:
huhuusida-d]: to take, let, obj down repeatedly ex: 'I huhuusid. He drops me off (here) every time.

huhuvan Vtr plo (for sgo see huvan) [Neutr: def huhuva; hort huhuvan]: to
terrify obj

huhuvan Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-huvan) [Neutr:def 'e-huhuva; hort 'ehuhuvan]: to get terrified ex: 'E-'et(<at)-'ehuhuva g vi:piop. The boys got terrified. --Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'ehuhuvan! Don't get terrified!

huhuvanc semi Stat vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-huvanc) [Neutr: indef 'ehuhuvanc. Dur: 'e-huhuvanci-d]: to be terrified

huhuva Vtr plo (for sgo see huva) [Neutr: indef huhuva]: to terrify obj
reiteratedly ex: Thuhuva 'o. He terrifies us again and again.

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huhuva/ huhugig huhuva Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-huva ) [Neutr: indef 'ehuhuva ]: to get
terrified reiteratedly ex: 'Ehuhuva 'o. They get terrified again and again.

huhug (redupl of *hu:g) Vintr [Neutr: indef huhug. Interr: huhug[i]-him]: to vanish,
disappear, pass away; to run out, get exhausted (see also hu:m) ex: 'am hihimhimk 'am huhug 'ama'i 'emki: 'am. ..they walked on and on and disappeared down there at your(pl) house. -- ..hekid 'ab 'i je:j, t gm hu ves huhug hega'i pi 'ap ta:hadkam. ..after they had smoked it, away had gone all their sorrow. -- gevkdag b (<vab) 'am 'i huhug. My strength is completely gone. --..c 'am a(<va) 'i huhug hega'i gevkogig o hu:. ..and there that tiredness was gone. --Kut heba'i 'am o huhug g ha'icu hug kutt hascu o hu:? When the food has run out, what shall we eat? --Huhug 'at. It has run out. --Jevu 'at o huhug. The world will have an end. -- Huhug 'at hega'i. He passed away (hearsay). -- Huhug 'at hegam. They passed away (hearsay). --Huhughim 'o g mumkudam. The sick man is dying. 'im hu 'al 'i huhug VExpr: to grow to about half a foot high (of plants) ex: ..'im hu 'al 'i huhug 'atp g a'i. .. the grass had grown to be about half a foot high. --'Im hu 'al 'i huhughim. It is getting to be about half a foot high.

huhugam in Huhugam-'O'odham NComp (?) aggreg: the Vanishing People (the

people who were on this earth before the Vu:im 'O'odham and disappeared through a hole in the ground until Coyote stopped them by saying something)

huhuge Vintr [Neutr: indef huhuge. Dur: huhuge-d]: to vanish, disappear, run out
reiteratedly ex: Si 'o huhuge g 'i:bhui. I keep running out of breath (my breathing keeps vanishing). -- T o huhuged ha'icu. Things (such as food supplies) will run out again and again.

huhugid see Postp hugid= next to, on the side of obj huhugidago Postp: on all sides of obj
jevu huhugidago Adv Expr: all around the world (all around the shores, the edges of the world)

huhugid 'an in jevu huhugid 'an Adv Expr: all over the world, reaching the
edges of the world (which is viewed as a flat surface like a table) ex: 'An 'ant hi a(<va) mek mek 'an jevu huhugid 'an. I ran and ran all over the world.

huhugig (redupl of *hu:gig) in ha'icu huhugig NExpr: disappearance, end of

jevu-huhugig NComp [loc: jevu-huhugig-c-'e]: the end of the world maad-huhugig/ maad huhugig NComp/Expr [loc: maad huhugig-c-'e/ maad huhugig 'e]: last quarter of the moon (same as ma:ad-mu:kig)

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huhugio/ huhulmad huhugio see Vreflex 'e-huhugiog: to get wiped out; to lose everything in a game one
after the other

huhugiog Vtr Repet (for Unit see hu:giog) [Neutr: indef huhugiog]: to exterminate
obj; to win al1 of object's possessions, to clean obj out repeatedly ex: '1 'a cum huhugiog. I am trying in vain to clean him out.

huhugiog Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'ehu:giog) sgo [Neutr: indef 'e-huhugiog]: to
get wiped out repeatedly; to lose everything in a game repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'a huhugiog. I lose everything each time.

huhugiog Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'ehu:giog) [Neutr: def 'e-huhugio; indef 'ehuhugiog. Correl: huhugiog-k]: to get wiped out one after the other; to lose everything, get cleaned out, in a game one after the other ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-'ehuhugio. (I hear) they got cleaned out one after the other. --c 'am 'i 'ehuhugiogk ab 'am hi a(<va) eid matp 'am hi:. and one after the other they get cleaned out (of ammunition) and they just watched him as he walked away. huhugka Vreflex pls (for sgs see hugka) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-huhugka]: to
scratch oneselves up (getting the skin off) ex: Mt o 'o(<'e)huhugka. You're going to scratch yourselves up.

huhugk 'am see AdvExpr hugk 'am= asfar as huhugan Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-hugan) [Neutr: def 'e-huhuga; hort 'ehuhugan. Dur: 'e-huhugana-d]: to scratch oneselves ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'ehuhuganad, mt o 'o(<'e)huhugka. Don't be scratching yourselves, you'll scratch the skin off.

huhuju see N huju= lizard huhujuag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-huhhujuag): to be full of lizards in
one location

huhuk see N huk= board(s) huhulgat Vintr Unit (for Repet see huhhulgat) [Neutr: def huhulgat]: to menstruate huhulmad Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-huhulmad]: to get the menstruation sickness
ex: 'Oia 'am heba'i hab 'i 'ep 'eju: mat 'am 'i 'i(<'e)huhulmad hega'i jevu ce:kij. But at a certain time it happened again that his creation the Earth got the menstruation sickness.

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huhume/ huhu'ul huhume Vintr Repet (for Unit see hu:m-) sgs (for pls see huhhum-) [Neutr: indef
huhume; concurs huhume-c. Dur: huhume-d. Interr: huhume-him]: to become empty repeatedly (one container) ex: Huhume 'o g vavhai toniabk. The well gets empty ever summer. -- Huhumec 'am 'ep u:dagc 'ep huhume. It gets empty and again it gets full and again it gets empty. --T o huhumed g vavhai. The well will constantly be running dry. --Hek hu huhumehim 'o hega'i vavhai heghekaj mo pi ju:kam vag. Formerly that well was constantly running dry because it was not deep.

huhumid Vtr Repet (for Unit see hu:mid) sgo [Neutr: indef huhumid]: to empty,
exhaust, drain one container repeatedly ex: Heg 'o huhumid g vavhai. He exhausts the well each time.

huhumukt see Num humukt= nine huhu: see N hu:= corn huhuvisid Vtr [Neutr: def huhuvis; hort huhuvisid]: to scare obj out of the hole or bush
in which it is by poking it (this is the method for hunting rats and rabbits. Several people surround the place and one is poking in) ex: Tt o huhuvis g koson. We'll scare the rat out (of where it is). --Tt o ho(<ha)huhuvis g kokson. We'll scare the rats out I (of where they are).

huhu'id see Vtr huhu'uid= to pursue, chase obj in all directions huhu'u see N hu'u= star huhu'uag see hu'uag= bumblebee huhu'ug see Stat impers hu'ug= there is a star somewhere huhu'ug s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of stars in one location huhu'uid (redupl of* hu'uid; dial huhu'id) Vtr [Neutr: def huhu'ui; hort and indef
huhu'uid; concurs huhu'uid-c. Correl: huhu'uid-k; immed: huhu'uid-ka-'i]: to pursue, chase obj in all directions (as with a rabbit) ex: Vat o mhuhu'ui g toolo. The bull is going to chase you around.-- Huhu'uida! Chase it/him around! -- Gm hu 'a'ai si hahuhu'uid g 'u'uvhig. He chases away the birds in al1 directions.-- Gm hu si hahuhu'uidc ha'a'agid As he chases them away in all directions he keeps saying to them-- T o huhu'uidk o 'i:bamcudk haha vo mua. They must chase it in all directions in order to run it out of breath before they can kill it.

huhu'ul see N hu'ul= mother's mother; mother's mother's elder sister

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Huhu'ula/ hukHuhu'ula (dial: hoho'ola) N aggreg: name of a group of 'O'odham (also called
Huhu'uva)

Huhu'ulag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Huhu'ula people in one location huhu'ulba see N hu'uba= deceased maternal grandmother or maternal grand
mother's elder sister

Huhu'uva (dial: Hoho'ova ) N aggreg: name of a group of 'O'odham (also called

Huhu'ula)

huhu'u-vu:pui Stat Comp: to have eyes like stars

ex:'am 'o ha'icu dahakc ge huhu'u-vu:pui. down there are things (sitting) with strange eyes like stars.

huipid s-cu- V pls (for sgs see s-cu-huvid) [Neutr: indef s-cu-huivip]: to be stingy, to
begrudge things (same as s-cu-da'a) ex: Hegam 'o scuhuipid/ ha'icu shuipid.Those (fellows) are stingy.

huivis (Span: jueves) N: Thursday huju N indiv [pl: huhuju]: lizard (various types of lizards as well as the gila monster)
ex: Smu'ij g huhuju 'ama'i. Lizards are numerous down there.

huk N aggreg [distr: huhuk]: wooden board(s)

ex: Nt o hema gahi magka heg'ab huk m'am ke:k. I'll drill a hole through that board that is (standing) down there. --'Am 'o ve:c g huk. There is a pile of boards lying, down there. -- 'Am 'o ve'evec g huk/ huhuk. There are boards scattered around down there. --Huk 'ap 'am o vakut! (Why don't you) put a wooden floor down there!

hukag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-hukkag): to be full of boards in one location huk-da:phiunaku NComp: plane (instrument to smooth boards) hukkag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-hukag): to be full of boards in several
locations

huk-vakus NComp: wooden floor huk-vakusig Stat Comp impers Unit: there is a wooden floor somewhere
ex: ki: 'am 'o huk-vakusig. In my house there is a wooden floor.

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hulkadag/ hu'ucud hulkadag in ha'icu hulkadag NExpr: flower buds of certain trees
kui-hulkadag NComp aggreg: mesquite flower buds 'aupa-hulkadag NComp aggreg: cottonwood flower buds

hulkadt Vintr [Neutr: def hulkadt. Interr: hulkadta-himl: to get (its) flower buds (of a
mesquite or a cottonwood tree) ex: Hulkadt g kui. The mesquite has its flower buds (is in the pre-blossoming period).-Hulkadtahim 'o. It's getting its flower buds.

hulkadt s- Vintr: to get a lot of flower buds (a mesquite or a cottonwood tree) humukt Num [distr: huhumukt]: nine
ex: huhumukt= nine by nine (in groups of nine)

humukt[h]o Adv: nine times

gamai humuktho Adv Expr: nineteen times

hup Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef hup. Dur: hupa-d]: to pull obj completely out of its
anchorage ex: (<'a) hupk 'ab 'ep vuke. After I pull it out it grows again (a plant, hair). --Hup 'o g ho'i. He is trying to pull out the sticker (pulling it out again and again before he manages to get it out).

huvid s-cu- V sgs (for pls see s-cu-huipid) [Neutr: indef s-cu-huvid]: to be stingy, to
begrudge things (same as s-cu-da'a) ex: Scuhuvid / ha'icu shuvid hega'i. He is stingy.

huvidvul N: stingy person (same as s-cu-da'adam) huvijid Vdtr [Neutr: def huvij; hort huvijid]: to begrudge obj to somebody (same as
da'ijid)

hu'i see Vtr hu'uid= to chase, pursue obj hu'u N indiv [pl: huhu'u]: star; name of a basket design hu'u ceadk Adv Expr: when the morning star rises, at morning star rise
ex: Nt o hu'u ceadk hi:. I'll leave as soon as the morning star has arisen.

hu'ucud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-hu'uc; hort 'e-hu'ucud]: to turn into a star
ex: Nt o hu'uc. I will turn into a star.

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hu'uag/ hu'ul 'oks hu'uag: N indiv [pl: huhu'uag]: bumblebee hu'ug Stat impers Unit sing [mult: huhu'ug]: there is a star somewhere
ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha huhu'ug. There is not a single star up there (the sky is overcast).

hu'ui see Vtr hu'uid= to chase, pursue obj hu'uid (dial: hu'id) Vtr [Neutr: def hu'ui; hort and indef hu'uid. Correl: hu'uid-k;
immed: hu'uidka-'i. Dur: hu'uida-d. Interr: hu'uida-him]: to chase, pursue obj; to round up cattle ex: Nt o mhu'ui. I'll pursue you. --ia'a! 'at 'i 'ep thu'ui! Look! here they are pursuing us again! --Tt o ho(<ha)hu'ui! Let's round them up (cattle). --Vo:po'o mo 'ob(<'ab) hahu'uid hegam vapkial. They run because they are after them, those cowboys. -- 'I a 'i mia hahu'uid hegam vapkial. Right close at their heels they are, those cowboys. --ia k 'amje hahu'uid. Well, and after that they pursued them.--...hahu'uidk hahu'uidk. ....they chase them and chase them... --Kut 'am o hu'uidk hu'uidk o bek o mua. He will chase it and chase it in order to get it and kill it. --M g ab 'i hu'uidad! Keep on chasing it/him!-- 'In has hu'uidahim. He is trailing me everywhere (wherever I go he goes).

hu'uid Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-hu'ui]: to give a chase to cattle, to round up cattle
ex: T o 'o(<'e)hu'ui. There is going to be a roundup (hearsay).

hu'ul N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: hu'uli-j); pl: huhu'ul]: mother's mother; mother's
mother's elder sister (also called hu'ul 'oks; the reciprocal term is mo:s)

hu'ul vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's mother's mother

ex:c hekaj u mhu'ul. and therefore she is your maternal grandmother.

hu'ulba N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: hu'ulbaa-j); pl: huhu'ulba]: deceased
mother's mother; deceased mother's mother's older sister

hu'ul keli NExpr inalien indiv: mother's mother's elder brother (the reciprocal term is
mo:s)

hu'ul 'oks NExpr inalien indiv: mother's mother's elder sister (also called hu'ul; the
reciprocal term is mo:s

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hu:/ hu:hu hu:-

hu: see Vtr hug-= to eat obj hu: see Vreflex 'e-hug-= to get eaten hu: see Vintr hu:m-= to become empty hu:c see N huc= nail of a person hu:c see Stat huc= to have a nail hu:c in ha'icu ha-hu:c NExpr sing [mult: ha'icu hahuhuc]: claws, hooves/ talons from
a single variety of animal ex: B(<vab) 'am 'i si:sk hega'i ha'icu hahu:c. They keep rattling, those claws/ hooves

hu:c-celvinaku NComp: nail file (instrument to file nails) hu:c-hikkumi'okaku NComp: nail clipper (instrument to clip nails) hu:gio see Vtr hu:giog= to exterminate obj hu:gio see Vreflex 'e-hu:giog= to get wiped out; to lo:se everything in a game hu:giog Vtr Unit (for Repet see huhugiog) [Neutr: def hu:gio; hort hu:giog. Dur:
hu:gioga-d. Interr: hu:gioga-him]: to wipe out, exterminate, obj, to get to the end of a series of obj; to win all of object's possessions, to clean obj out in a game ex: M(<'am) 'at o hu:gio g ha'icu doakam. He is going to exterminate the animals.--'ab 'i hahu:gio g t'a'alga. she (the Ho'ok) wiped out our children. -- ia gm hu vo:p k 'am 'i hahu:gio g ka'akvulk. Well, away they ran and got to the end of the (series of) hills. --Pi g 'am hahu:giog! Don't exterminate them! -- hu:gio 'opt(<'apt). You've cleaned me out. -hu:gio 'omt(<'amt). I lost everything (I was cleaned out by someone). --Pt o 'om(<'am) a(<va) hu:gio. You've cleaned me out for good (we have to stop, I have absolutely nothing left). -- T ab o ho(<ha)hu:giogad. She (the Ho'ok) will go on exterminating them. --Kus hea'i hu u 'ikc hahu:giogahim g t'a'alga? Who could it be that is exterminating our children?

hu:giog Vreflex Unit (for Repet and Distr see 'e-huhugiog) [Neutr: def 'e-hu:gio]: to
get wiped out; to lose everything, get cleaned out in a game ex: hu:gio 'ont(<'ant). I am cleaned out (I have lost everything).--c 'ea 'am 'i 'i(< 'e)hu:gio hega'i uv. ...and meanwhile Buzzard had lost everything.

hu:g see Vtr hug-= to eat obj hu:hu see Vintr hu:hum= to become empty

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hu:hum/ hu:m hu:hum Vintr Unit (for Repet see huhhum) pls (for sgs see hu:m-) [Neutr: def
hu:hu. Interr: hu:huma-him]: to become empty (several containers) ex: Hu:hu 'ut(<'at) g vaipia. The wells have run dry (have gotten empty). -- Hu:hu g vopo. The charcos have run dry. -- Hu:humahim 'o g vaipia. The wells are running dry.

hu:k s- N subst: warmth, heat

ex: Shu:k 'at o hiosc. The heat will make it bloom.

hu:k s- Stat [Neutr: indef and def s-hu:k]: to be warm, hot

ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) shu:k? Is it warm enough? --'Am 'o a(<va) shu:k. It's warm enough. -- Nap 'am a(<va) shu:k? Are you(sg) warm enough --'Am 'a a(<va) shu:k. I am warm enough. --Pi 'o hu:k. It/he is not warm.

hu:ka Vintr [Neutr: def hu:ka. Interr: hu:ka-him. Correl: hu:ka-k; immed: hu:ka-ka-'i]:
to become warm, hot ex: Tk o hu:ka. There is evidence that it's going to get warm (the weather). --Hu:kahim 'o. It's getting warmer and warmer. -- Tp 'ea gm hu u 'i mat hab 'i hu:kak 'ab 'i hio ha'icu. It was the season when, it having gotten warmer, things had blossomed.

hu:kajid Vtr [Neutr: def hu:kaj; hort and indef hu:kajid. Dur: hu:kajida-d] to warm up,
heat obj ex: Vat o ho(<ha) hu:kaj g u:dag. She is going to warm up some water. -- Hu:kajida! Warm it up! --(<'a) hu:kajid g hido. I am warming up the food.

hu:kajid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-hu:kaj; hort and indef 'e-hu:kajid. Dur: 'e-hu:kajida-d]:
to warm up, get oneself warm ex: 'Am da:kc 'ehu:kajid. He is sitting over there warming himself.

hu:kalidaku N: heater (instrument to heat something with) hu:kam s- Adv: warmly, hotly hu:l Adv: in a crouch, rolled up
ex: ..c 'ab hu:l si kekivak 'i me:. ..and he crouched and ran off. --..u:dag, scuhugam ma gve:m ab hu:l bijim. ..water, darkness which together with it was (hearsay) just whirling around.

hu:lmick[]va Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-hu:lmickva]: to turn a somersault

ex: Nt o hu:lmickva! I'll turn a somersault! -- 'E-g-'ehu:lmickva! Turn a somersault!

hu:m Vintr Unit (for Repet see huhume) sgs (for pls see hu:hum) [Neutr: def hu:;
hort hu:m. Interr: hu:m[i]-him]: to become empty (as of a container)

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hu:m/ hu:
ex: Hu: 'at g navait. The wine container is empty. --Hu: 'at g u:dag. The water containter is empty. --Hu: g nsaidi. I am out of gas (my gas tank is empty). --T o hu: g vavhai. The well is going to run out. --Hu: g maad. It's the end of the month (the moon has become empty) --'E'ea hu: g maad. It's the middle of the month (the moon has become half empty). --No hu:mhim g navait? Is the wine container getting empty? --Vavhai 'o hu:mhim. The well is getting empty. --Hu:mihim g nsaidi. My gas tank is getting empty. -...'ep to'ak to'ak 'am a hu:mhim. ...he poured it back, poured it back until the container (the cup in which the liquid was) was empty.

hu:mid Vtr (Unit (for Repet see huhumid) sgo [Neutr: def hu:m; hort hu:mid]: to
empty, exhaust, drain, obj (one container) ex: Nt o 'i'ik cum 'alo vo hu:m. I'll drink it until I have almost drained it (the container). -Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu:mid g vavhai! Don't exhaust the well!

hu:m see Vintr hu:m-= to get empty hu:m see Vtr hu:mid= to empty obj hu:nt (assim of *hu:t) s- Vintr [Neutr: def hu:nt. Correl: hu:nt-k; immed: hu:nt-ka-'i:
Interr: hu:nta- him]: to get a lot of corn kernels ex: Tk o shu:ntk hab haha'asij 'i g jia. The corn will get a lot of kernels since the hailstones are big (belief that if hail stones are big in winter, then the corn will be abundant in summer).

hu: N alien/ inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: hu:=ga-j/ hu:i-j); distr: huhu:]: corn (the
plant and the kernels) ex: K hekid 'i vuhak g hu:? When does corn grow? -- Ves 'a'ahidag vo 'o:'oa g 'ehuhu:ga. Every year they (people from different villages) will harvest their corn. --Pi ha ma:mat g hu:. The corn does not have any ears (this year). --Ha'i bia g hu:! Dish out some corn (kernels)! ce:dag-hu: (pron: ce:daghiu:) NComp aggreg: fresh ear(s) of corn in green husk (also called hu:-ma:ma) ex: Nt o ha'i hanolot g ce:dag-hu:. I'll buy a few fresh ears of corn. cehedag-hu: (pron: cehedaghiu:) NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with blue kernels cecpa'av-hu: (pron: cecpa'avhiu:) NComp aggreg: crazy corn (also called totonto-hu:) ge'ege-hu: NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with big kernels, June corn (also called mumla hahu:ga) kavk-hu: NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with hard kernels mumla-ha-hu:ga NComp aggreg: a variety of corn (also called ge'ege-hu:) shiosigam-hu: NComp aggreg: popcorn (corn in bloom) to:ta-hu: NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with white kernels totonto-hu: NComp aggreg: crazy corn (also called cecpa'av-hu:)

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hu:/ hu:pad
vepeg-hu: (pron: vepeghiu:) NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with red kernels oo-hu: NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with soft kernels 'a'al-hu: NComp aggreg: a variety of corn with small kernels 'u'am-hu: NComp aggreg: Indian corn, a variety of corn with yellow kernels

hu:-cemait NComp inalien indiv [pl: hu:-cecemait]: corn tortilla (tortillas made of
corn flour)

hu:-civo NComp aggreg: corn silk hu:-cu'i NComp alien mass [3rd pers sg hu:-cu'i=ga-j]: corn meal hu:ga Stat: to have corn (plants or kernels) hu:iame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def hu:iam; hort hu:iame]: to go after corn hu: kaijka NExpr [1st pers sg hu: kaijka]: one variety of corn seeds reserved for
planting.

hu:-ku:mku NComp aggreg: corn cob after the kernels have been removed hu:-ma:ma NComp aggreg: ear(s) of corn
ex: Nt o ha'i hanolot g hu:-ma:ma. I'll buy a few ears of corn.

hu:-muadag NComp aggreg: corn tassels hu:-pa:n NComp: corn bread hu:-sitoi NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg -hu:-sitoi=ga]: roasted corn kernels hu:-va'ug NComp: cornstalk hu:-va'ug NComp aggreg: fruits of one variety of prickly pear cactus hu:-'eldag NComp: corn husk hu:p see Vtr hu:pan= to pull out obj hu:p see Vreflex 'e-hu:pan= to come out, off, when being pulled at hu:pad see Vdtr hu:pa[i]d= to pull out obj for somebody.

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hu:pan/ hu:paku hu:pan Vtr sgo (for plo see hu:p) [Neutr: def hu:p; hort hu:pan; imper sgs hu:pana]: to pull obj completely out of its anchorage (see also vo:pon and vahava) ex: Nt o hu:p g ho'i. I'll pull out the sticker. --Hu:pana! Pull it out (a sticker, a hair, a plant)!

hu:pan Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-hunp) [Neutr: def 'e-hu:p]: to come out/ off when
being pulled at (as of a drawer) ex: 'Ehu:p. It can be pulled out.

hu:panaku in ha'icu hu:panaku NExpr: instrument to pull something out one at

a time (see also hu:paku) ho'i-hu:panaku NComp: tweezers (to pull out stickers)

hu:pa[i]d Vdtr sgo (for plo see hu:psid) [Neutr: def hu:pa/ hu:pad; hort hu:paid/
hu:pad]: to pull out obj for somebody ex: Nant o mhu:pa /hu:pad g ho'i? Shall I pull the sticker out for you? --G hu:pad g ho'i! Pull the sticker for me!

hu:ps see Vtr hu:psid= to pull out obj for somebody hu:psid Vdtr plo (for sgo see hu:pa[i]d) [Neutr: def hu:ps; hort and indef hu:psid.
Dur: hu:psida-d. Interr: hunpsida-him]: to pull obj for somebody ex: Nant o mhu:ps g ho'i? Shall I pull out the stickers for you? --G hu:psid g ho'i! Pull the stickers out for me!-- Tako 'o(<'a) hahu:psidahim g a'i. Yesterday I was pulling out weeds for somebody.

hu:p Vtr plo (for sgo see hu:pan) [Neutr: def, hort and indef hu:p ; imper sgs
hu:pa-. Correl: hu:p-k; immed: hu:p-ka-'i. Dur: hu:pa-d. Interr: hu:pa-him]: to pull obj completely out of their anchorage ex: 'Ab si hu:p g vopoj 'o: 'oidk. They pulled hard at its hair along its back (of the donkey). --Nt o ho(<ha)hu:p g ho'i. I'll pull the stickers out. --...kutp 'in o ho(<ha)hu:p g ha'a'an. ...they will pull out their feathers. --Hahu:pk 'ab 'ep vu:hak. I keep pulling them out but each time they grow again. --...k o hu:pk o 'i na:mu. ...and (you will) pull at my hair (me) in order to make me go.

hu:p Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-hu:pan) [Neutr: def 'e-hu:p]: to come out/ off when
being pulled at (to pull oneselves out) ex: '1 'i(<'e)hu:p. They can be pulled out.

hu:paku in ha'icu hu:paku NExpr: instrument to pull out things several at one
time (see also hu:panaku) civo-hu:paku NComp: tweezers (to pull out hair of beard)

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jeg/ jega je-

jeg N indiv [pl: je:jeg]: hole, opening, clearing, open country jeg Stat sing [mult: je:jeg]: to have a hole, an opening
ex: Pi heba'i a 'i ha jeg. Nowhere is there a single opening. --'am ab jeg. It's open country.--Hemu 'id 'i takaj mo 'on(<'an) vab gahi jeg hega'i do'ag. To this day that mountain has a hole (that goes) all the way through. --mat 'am o jegkad jevuo. where there will be a hole in the ground. -- hehe'es ab 'ab ge je:jeg hega'i ki:. That house had (hearsay) quite a large number of holes. --mat 'am 'a'ai vo je:jegk. where it will have a hole on each side. 'ea-jeg reflex Stat Comp: to be hollow (having s hole inside oneself) ex: 'E-'ok-'e'ea-jeg g kui. The tree is hollow.

jega Vtr sing (for mult see je:jega) [Neutr: def and hort jega. Correl jega-k; immed:
jega-ka'i. Compl: jeg-ok; immed: jeg-oka-'i. Interr: jega-him.]: to pierce a hole through obj by a single motion or blow (such as when drilling, punching a hole, through obj) ex: 'an gahi 'ep o jega.she will also pierce a hole all the way through it. --M(<'am) 'apt ab o si jega. (Why don't you) just punch a hole through it! --Jegahim 'o. He is piercing a hole through it (with interruptions). --Nt o 'ip jegoka'i. I'll pierce a hole through it first.

jega Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-jega]: to get cleared up

ex: T o 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'apet mat haha 'a(<'e)jega matt heg'oidk 'am o tcicvi 'ama'i. It (the ground) has just been properly cleared up for us to play on it.

jega Vtr Unit (for Repet see jejega) sing (for mult see je:jega) [Neutr: def and
hort jega; impers sgs jegaa-. Correl: jega-k; immed: jega-ka-'i. Compl: jega-ok; immed: jega-oka-'i. Interr: jegaa-him]: to pierce a hole through obj, to peck, hack, through obj ex: N(<'an) g hema jega! Pierce a hole through it (object is standing)!--M g hema jega! Pierce a hole through it (object is down)! --Jegaahim 'o. He is piercing a hole through it (with interruptions). -- Nt o 'op(<'ip) jegaoka'i. I'll pierce a hole through it first.

jegaku N: drill (instrument with which to pierce a hole) jega Vtr sing (for mult see je:jega) [Neutr: indef jega]: to pierce a hole through obj
by a single motion or blow (such as when drilling, punching a hole, through obj) reiteratedly

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jegel/ jejeku jegel see Vtr jegelid= to make room for obj jegelid (assim of *jegalid) Vtr [Neutr: def jegel; hort and indef jegelid; imper sgs
jegelida-, pls jegelid-o]: to make room for obj ex: Nt o 'i mjegel. I'll make room for you(sg). --Nt o ho(<ha)jegel. I'll make room for them. --Njegelido! (You pl) make room for me! --Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)jegelid! (You pl) make room for them! --M g jegelid t o 'o(<'e)gegus! Make room for him to eat! --Pi 'im hu njegelid. He (continually) does not make room for me.

jegko Adv sing [mult:jejegko; distr: je:jegko]: in an open space, a clearing

ex: M 'att hu o cikp jegko. We'll work over there in the open space. --g hab si jegko 'i kekiva. he stood up right in the open space. --c 'am jegko 'am 'al kavulk. and in (the middle of) the open country there was something like a hill. --M 'ant o ab jejegko himad. I'll be walking in open country constantly (not on a road).

jegk 'ea Adv Expr: outside

ex: Sku:bsig 'am jegk 'ea. It's dusty outside. --Nt o 'i vu: k o ho(<ha) je:j 'am jegk 'ea. I'll go outside for a smoke.

jegok, jegoka'i see vtr jega= to pierce a hole through obj. jegos N: dust storm
ex: B(<'ab) 'o me g jegos. The dust storm is blowing this way.

jegt V sing [Neutr: def and hort jegt. Interr: jegta-him]: to make a hole, a clearing
ex: 'An gahi 'ep jegt. He made a hole through (it) again. --Jegtahim 'o. He is making a hole (with interruptions).

jejavul see N jiavul= devil, barrel cactus jejavulig see Stat s-jejiavulig= to be full of barrel cacti in various locations jejega Vtr Repet (for Unit see jega) sing [Neutr: indef jejega. Dur: jejegaa-d]: to
pierce a hole through obj, to peck, hack, through obj repeatedly ex: Jejega 'o 'am ki: gahi. He keeps piercing a hole all the way through the wall.

jejegko see Adv jegko= in an open space, a clearing jejek see Stat s-je:k= to be a smoker jejekam see N subst s-je:kam= one who is a smoker jejeku see N je:ku= smoking instrument or place

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jejeva/ jejjegid jejeva Vintr pls (for sgs see jeva) [Neutr: def jejeva. Interr: jejeva-him]: to rot; to
ferment ex: Jejeva 'atk g pa:n. The pieces of bread have rotted (it is apparent). --B(<vab) he'ekia 'ahid t o jejeva. They will rot in a few years.

jejevag Vintr pls (for sgs see jeva) to rot, ferment (same as jejeva?) jejevajida see N jevajida= ferment jejeva Vintr pls (for sgs see jeva) [Neutr: indef jejeva]: to rot, to ferment
reiteratedly

jejevho see N jevho= gopher jejevhog/ jevp[h]og s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-jejjevhog): to be ful1 of
gophers in a single location ex: Sjejevhog 'o 'ama'i. It's full of gophers down there.

jejevu see N jevu= land, country jejevuga see Stat jevuga= to own land jejiavul see N jiavul= devil jejiavulig/ jejavulig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-jiavulig): to be full of
barrel cacti in several locations

jejjen Vtr Repet (for Unit see je:) [Neutr: indef jejjen; concurs jejjen-c. Dur: jejjenad]: to smoke repeatedly ex: Heg'oidam cuhug e'edc 'am jejjenc 'am 'ep e'edc 'am 'ep jejjen. All that night long they sing for a while and smoke and again they sing for a while and again they smoke. -Hekid o 'i ha'as jejjenadc o cucad g 'esigalga! Every time you stop smoking put out your cigarette! --Kumt hab o 'evuad mamt 'ab o ho(<ha) jejjenad. Each time, you(pl) will pretend that you take a puff of it.

jejjeiad Vtr Repet (for Unit see je:i'ad) [Neutr: indef jejjeiad]: to smoke obj in
succession, one after the other, repeatedly

jejjegid Vtr Repet (for Unit see je:gid): to address obj at a meeting repeatedly
ex:..'am hab a(<va) hajejjegid 'ep g Ban. ...all along Coyote too addresses them each time.

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jejjegid/ jekiam jejjegid Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-je:gid): to take place repeatedly (said of a
meeting) ex: 'am hab hihhim huunk matp 'am 'ejejjegid. They go down there every evening when there is a meeting down there.

jejjegid Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-je:gid) [Neutr: def 'e-jejjeg]: to take place
in various places (said of meetings) ex: T o 'ejejjeg. There is going (hearsay) to be a meeting (in various villages)

jejjevhog s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-jejevhog): to be full of gophers in
various locations

jejka Vtr Repet (for Unit see je:k-) [Neutr: indef jejka. Dur: jejka-d. Interr: jejka-him]:
to taste obj repeatedly ex: B(<'ab) 'a jejka g vi:b. I (usually) taste the milk. --B(<'ab) g ab 'i jejkad! Be tasting it each time!

jejka Vtr mult (for sing see je:k-) [Neutr: def and hort jejka]: to taste several things
ex: B(<'ab) g hajejka! (Why don't you) taste them (various kinds of food)!

jejka'icud Vtr plo (for sgo see jeka'icud) [Neutr: def jejka'ic; hort and indef
jejka'icud]: to harm obj ex: Pi g 'am hajejka'icud! Don't harm them!

jeka'ic see Vtr jeka'icud= to harm obj jeka'icud Vtr sgo (for plo see jejka'icud) [Neutr: def jaka'ic; hort jeka'icud]: to harm,
hurt obj ex: Vant o si mjeka'ic. I will hurt you real bad. --Pi g 'am jeka'icud! Don't harm me!

jekcek Vtr [Neutr indef jekcek]: to find the tracks left by obj again and again ex:
'Am 'an hi a(<va) jekcek mo 'om(<'am) smomoik. I usually find his tracks in places which are soft (where the ground is soft). --Cum 'alo hi a(<va) jekcek. Several times he came close to locating his tracks.

jekia see Vtr jekiam= to look for and recognize the tracks left by obj jekiam Vtr [Neutr: def jekia; hort and indef jekiam. Correl: jekiam-k; immed: jekiamka-'i. Compl: jekiam-ok; immed: jekiam-oka-'i. Interr: jekiama-him.]: to look for and recognize the tracks left by obj ex: Nt o 'i jekia. I'll look for his tracks. --M g 'i jekiam! (Why don't you) look for his tracks! --'In 'a ab cum jekiam g noiga. I am trying to locate the tracks of my horse

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jekiam/ jevaj
around here. --M(<'am) 'a hu ab cum hajekiamahim. I have been trying unsuccessfully to locate their fresh tracks (of horses) over there (I am back from there where I have been trying unsuccessfully to locate their fresh tracks). --'in haha 'i cum jekiamk b (<vab ) 'am a 'i hugk 'am ma:s ki: ve:gaj. then they tried in vain to locate her fresh tracks, they stopped behind the house. --Jekiamahidc 'am je:kc. Looking for his tracks for a while he found them.

jento (assim of *jeto) Vtr Unit (for Repet see jentto) [Neutr: def jento. Correl:
jento-k; immed: jento-ka-'i. Interr: jento-him]: to finish smoking obj once ex: Jento 'ont(<'ant) g nsigalga. I finished my cigarette. --Jentohim 'a g nsigalga. I am getting to the end of my cigarette. --Nt o 'ip jentoka'i. I'll finish smoking (my cigarette) first.

jentto Vtr Repet (for Unit see jento): to finish smoking obj repeatedly jeiv see Stat s-jeuv= to smell of tobacco jea Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-jea]: to take a break to smoke (same as 'e-jean)
ex: Tt o tjena. We'll take a break to smoke.

jeaa Vreflex: to take a break to smoke again and again

ex: Tt o tjeaaad We'll be taking a break to smoke again and again.

jean Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-jea; hort and indef 'e-jean]: to take a break to smoke
once (same as 'e-jea) ex: Tt o tjea! We will take a break to smoke. --'E-g-o-'ejean! (Why don't you pl) take a break to smoke. -- 'Am a(<va) heba'i 'e'a'ahe mac tjean. At certain times (during a meeting) we take a break to smoke.

jeuv/ jeiv s- Stat: to smell of tobacco

ex: Ba:ji 'o hob(<hab) si sjeiv? Where does this strong tobacco smell come from?

jeva Vintr sgs (for pls see jejeva) [Neutr: def jeva. Interr: jeva-him]: to rot; to ferment
ex: Jeva 'atk. It has rotted (it is apparent). --'Am 'atk ha'icu jeva. There is something that has rotted over there (it is apparent). --'Atk o jeva. It's going to rot (there are signs showing it). --Jevahim 'o g pa:n. The loaf of bread is on the verge of rotting. --'I 'it(<'at) jevahi g pa:n. The loaf of bread has started to rot.

jeva Vintr sgs (for pls see jejeva): to rot, ferment (same as jeva?) jevaj see Vtr jevaj[i]d= to make, let, obj rot, ferment.

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jevaj[i]d/ jevhojevaj[i]d Vtr [Neutr: def jevaj; hort and indef jevajid]: to make/ let obj rot/ ferment
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) jevaj. I'll make some of it (saguaro wine) ferment. --Pi g 'am jevajid! Don't let it rot!

jevajida N inalien mass [mult: jejevajida]: ferment (such as that used in making
saguaro wine, yogurt, cottage cheese) ex: Nt o ve:nad g njevajida. I'll mix my ferment with it (one container of saguaro wine). --Nt o vepnad g njevajida. I'll mix my ferment with it (several containers).

Jevak N subst: name of Upper Covered Wells (where it is/has been rotting)
ex: 'Am 'a u da:kam Jevak 'am. I am a resident of Jevak.

jevalidaku N inalien mass: instrument to make something ferment such as yeast jevalig in ha'icu jevalig NExpr: rot, rotten piece(s)
ba:bas-jevalig NComp (?): potato rot, rotten potato ku'agi-jevalig NComp (?): wood rot; piece of rotten wood nala-jevalig NComp (?): orange rot, rotten orange

jevalig vu Stat Expr: to be rot

ex: D(<vu) 'o ob(<vab) jevalig. This is just rot.

jevaligaj N: rot of a specified entity (its rot) jeva Vintr sgs (for pls see jejeva) [Neutr: indef jeva): to rot, to ferment, reiteratedly
ex: M 'a hekid a pi cecigtoc g hu dadac hemho a(<va) jeva. Every time I forget to put it in there (in the refrigerator) it just rots.

jevho N indiv [pl: jejevho/ jevp[h]o]: gopher

ex: Jevho 'ok 'am hema ki: 'ama'i. There is a gopher living down there (evidencial). -Ha'i 'a haeid g jejevho ma 'ab him. I saw a few gophers on my way here.

jevho vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a gopher

ha jevho vu Stat Expr: to be part gopher ex: ..c hekaj 'ab u ha jevho hega'i viappoi. ..and therefore he is part gopher, that boy.

jevho-'alidag NComp (?): descendant of gopher jevho-'amjekam NComp (?): descendant of gopher jevho-'o'odham NComp (?): gopher people

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jevovcu/ jevuag[] jevovcu s- N subst: one smelling of rotten flesh (same as s-jevovkam) jevov[] s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-jevov; def s-jevov=k. Dur: s-jevov=ka-d. Interr:
s-jevov=ka-him]: to smell of rotten flesh

jevovkam s- N subst: one smelling of rotten flesh (same as s-jevovcu) jevovkam vu s- Stat Expr: to be one that smells of rotten flesh
ex: Heg 'o sjevovkam u ha'icu. That thing smells of rotten flesh. --Heg 'o sjevokam u 'o'odham. That fellow smells of rotten flesh.

jevp[h]o see N jevho= gopher jevp[h]og see Stat s-jejevhog= to be full of gophers in one location jevu (dial: jeve; asson of *jeva) N mass: soil
ex: 'An g 'ep ha vua'i g jevu! Put some more soil (on it)!

jevu (dial: jeve; asson of *jeva) N alien indiv [pl/distr jejevu]: land, ground,
country, earth, world ex: 'an jevu da:m= on earth, in the land, in the country --T 'im hu ju:p jevu veco. He sank under the ground. --Je:jenok 'am t'a:gid g ske:g 'ejevuga! After you've had a smoke tell us about your beautiful country! Ju:kam-Jevu NComp: Mexico ex: 'am Ju:kam-Jevuc'e= in Mexico Jujkam haJevuga NExpr: Mexico, the land of the Mexicans ex: 'am Jujkam haJevuga 'e= in the land of the Mexicans Milig:n haJevuga NExpr: the United States (the Whites their land) Pi:ma-Jevu NComp: Pima Country Pi:ma haJevuga NExpr: the land of the Pimas Tohono-Jevu NComp: desert land (the land of the Desert People) 'O'odham haJevuga NExpr: Desert People Country 'O'odham haJejevuga NExpr: the various Desert People Districts

jevuag Stat impers Unit: there is land/ a world in one location

ex: ..matsp venog pi 'in hu ha jevuag 'i:na'a. .. before the creation of the world (at the time when there was no earth around).

jevuag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of soil in one location jevuag[] s- Stat: to be dusty

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jevuga/ je'e jevuga Stat [distr: jejevuga]: to own land

ex: Nap ge jevuga? Do you own any land by any chance? --No ge jevuga? Does he/they own any land by any chance?

jevu-hiosig NComp: a plant (used as a narcotic) jevu-hugidag NComp [loc: jevu-hugidag-t-'ab]: shoreline, edge of the land (see also
jevu hugid 'an)

jevu hugid 'an Adv Expr: shoreline, seashore, on the edge of the land
ex: ..gani hu jevu hugid 'an vesko kaidag. ..it is talked about all the way to the seashore.

jevu huhugid 'an Adv Expr: all over the world, reaching the edges of the world
(which is viewed as a flat surface like a table) ex: ..'an 'ant hi a(<va) mek mek 'an jevu huhugid 'an. .. I did indeed run and run all around (the edges of) the earth.

jevu-ka:cim subst NComp (?): the surface of the world

ex: vesko eid g jevu-ka:cim 'an hab cu'ig. ..she sees the way the surface of the world is.

jevumag[] s- Stat: to be the color of the soil Jevu-Ma:kai NComp (?) : the Earth Maker (a mythological character) jevuo Adv: on the ground
ex: M g vua'i jevuo! (Why don't you) put it on the ground! --g hu ab 'i jevuo 'amje: from the ground up.

jevupig Vtr [Neutr: def jevu; hort jevupig]: to remove (the) soil from obj jevu-u:dagim Adv Comp (?): the entire world
ex: Cum heba'i 'oimme, vesko jevu-u:dagim 'oimme. He goes everywhere, he goes all over the entire world. --...'id hab a(<va) masma cum heba'i jevu-u:dagim himhim 'i:da'a hava, vesko eid g jevu-ka:cim 'an hab cu'ig. Crow, just like him (Coyote), goes everywhere al1 over the entire world, sees the way the entire surface of the world is.

je'e N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg je'e-j); pl/distr: je:j]: mother; mother's elder sister
(also called da:d; the reciprocal term is ma) ex: ..tp 'am hab 'i kaij hega'i si je'ej.... his real mother answered... -- ga hu haha ha'a:gid hegam 'eje:j (once back) there he then tells his mothers -- Mek hig haeid 'a

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je'e/ je:jeg
a:cu 'o hob(<hab) 'ac hab kaij g mje:j. Run there and see what on earth your mothers are laughing at so noisily (making a certain kind of noise).---Mt o 'i ha'o'oho g 'eje:j! Write (each one of you) to your respective mothers! hakima-je'e (elis of *hakima-je'e) NComp inalien indiv: reciprocal kinship term for spouse of one's hakima (older brother's child), hakit (father's younger brother), or vovit (father's younger sister) of one's spouse ka'ama-je'e (elis of *ka'ama-je'e) NComp inalien indiv: reciprocal kinship term ego being a woman) for daughter-in-law and mother-in-law vosma-je'e (elis of *vosma-je'e) NComp inalien: reciprocal kinship term ( ego being a man) for daughter-inlaw and father-in-law

je'e vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's mother

ex: ...mo (<vu) si je'ej. ...who is his real mother.

je'eba N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg je'ebaa-j]: deceased mother je'ekam N indiv [pl: je:jim]: single-limbed saguaro cactus je'es N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg je'esi-j); pl/distr: je:jes]: maternal uncle, mother's
older brother (the reciprocal term is ma, or 'al-ge'el)

je'esba N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg je'esbaa-j)]: deceased mother's elder brother

je:je: see Vtr je:k= to taste obj je:j see Vtr je:= to smoke obj je:j see N je'e= mother je:j Stat tr: to produce obj (fruits or vegetables)
ex: K has ma:s je:j 'i:da'a? What kind of a plant produces this?

je:jeg see N jeg= hole, opening, clearing, open country je:jeg see Stat jeg= to have a hole, an opening je:jeg s- Stat: to have lots of holes, openings
ex: Sje:jeg hega'i ki:. That house is full of holes.

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je:jega/ je:jim je:jega Vtr mult (for sing see jega) [Neutr: def and hort je:jega]: to pierce holes
through obj by a single motion or blow for each hole (such as when drilling, punching holes, through something) ex: ...gm hu ku:gid 'am vaikpa vo 'ol(<'al) je:jega. ..at its upper end she will pierce some kind of holes in three places. --..'in 'a'ai vo 'ol(<'al) je:jega. .. on each side (of it) she will pierce a kind of hole. --M(<'am) 'apt o ho(<ha)je:jega! ..(you will) punch holes through them!

je:jega Vtr mult (for sing see jega) [Neutr: def, hort and indef je:jega. Dur:
je:jegaa-d]: to pierce holes through obj, to peck/ hack obj by reiterated motion ex: Je:jega 'o. He pierces holes through it.

je:jega Vtr mult (for sing see jega) [Neutr: indef je:jega. Dur: je:jegaa-d]: to
pierce holes through obj by reiterated motions, or blows for each hole as when drilling, punching holes, through obj ex: Haje:jega 'ab ki:t'ab. He makes holes on the wall. --M g ab 'i haje:jegaad! (Why don't you) keep on piercing holes through them!

je:jegaaku N: instrument to pierce holes through something

na:nk-je:jegaaku NComp: black grama (a weed formerly used to pierce holes in ears for earrings)

je:jegko see Adv jegko= in an open space, a clearing je:jen see Vtr je:= to smoke obj je:jena N: act of having a smoke
ex: Pi 'o ke:gaj g je:jena 'am mveheji. Smoking is not good for you(sg).

je:jena N: that which is being smoked

je:jena-to'aku NComp: cigarette box, cigar box

je:jenam s- V subst Vtr: to feel like having a smoke

ex: Cum 'a snje:jenam. I'd like to have a smoke (a cigarette, a cigar, a pipe).

je:jenamcud s- Vtr impers Repet (for Unit see s-je:imcud) [Neutr: def s-je:jenamc;
indef s-je:jenamcud]: to make obj feel like smoking all the time ex: Snje:jenamc. It put me in the mood to have a smoke. --No smje:jenamcud? Does it put you in the mood to have a smoke? --Snje:jenamcud 'o. It puts me in the mood to have a smoke.

je:jes see N je'es= mother's elder brother je:jim see N je'ekam= single-limbed saguaro cactus

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je:k-/ je: je:k- Vtr Unit (for Repet see jejka) sing (for mult see jejka) [Neutr: def je:; imper sgs
je:ka-/ je:ki-; hort je:k]: to taste something ex: Pi 'int(< 'ant) 'ab hu o je:! I will not taste it! --tt a(< va) 'ab o je: mas hascu u ok. (he said) that we should taste what it is like (of tobacco).--B(<'ab) g je:k! Taste it! -B(<'ab) g je:k 'i:da'a a 'o ka:k! Taste this (and tell me) what it tastes like!

je:kc Vtr [Neutr: def je:kc. Correl: je:kc-k; immed: je:kc-ka-'i. Interr: je:kc[i]-him]: to
find the tracks left by obj once ex: Napt 'am a(<va) je:kc? Did you find his tracks? --'am 'i pi heba'i haje:k. they did not find their tracks anywhere. --Kunt pi a 'i 'ap heba'i je:kc; mans heba'i s'ap o je:kck 'am o 'i 'oidahimk o 'a'ahe. I did not find good tracks of him anywhere; had I found good tracks of him somewhere, after following him I would have caught up with him. -ia tp 'am haha 'i 'oi mat 'am je:kck 'amje. Well, and then he followed him from where he had located his tracks on. --Je:kchim 'o. He is on his trail (he is finding his tracks).

je:kc Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-je:kc]: to be found, to get located (of somebody's tracks)
ex: matp 'am gveco pi 'eje:kc. at the foot (of the mountain) his tracks were not found.

je:kcug Vtr [Neutr: indef je:kcug. Dur: je:kcuga-d]: to be on the tracks of obj
(while moving) ex: Tje:kcug 'o. He is on our tracks. --Haje:kcugc ha'oid. He is following their tracks (he is on their tracks and following them). --M g ab 'i je:kcugad! Stay on his tracks!

je:ndam (assim of *je:dam) in pi:ba-je:ndam NComp: pipe smoker

pi:ba-je:ndam vu Stat Expr: to be a pipe smoker ex: 'A u pi:ba-je:ndam. I am a pipe smoker.

je: Vtr Unit (for Repet see jejjen) [Neutr: def je:j; hort je:jen; imper sgs je:jena-, pls
je:jen-o; indef je:. Correl: je:jen-k; immed: je:jen-ka-'i. Compl: je:jen-ok; immed: je:jenoka-'i. Dur: je:i-d. Interr: je:[i]-him]: to smoke obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha) je:j. I'll have a few puffs (of it). --Nt o 'i vu: k o ho(< ha) je:j 'am jegk 'ea. I'll go o utside to smoke a few puffs. --Napt o je:j? Will you have a smoke? --Pt ab o je:j! Go ahead and have a smoke (don't worry about me)! --e:pt o je:j? Why don't you try out a cigarette (to somebody who has never smoked)? --e:pt g sigal o je:j? Why don't you try smoking a cigarette (instead of a cigar or pipe)? --Napt ha'as je:j? Are you through smoking (this cigarette or cigar)? --M 'i a vo'o g sigal, je:jena! Right there is (lying) a cigarette, have a puff! --B(<'ab) g si je:jen! Take a good puff! --B(< 'ab) g si je:jenk hekaj 'ab o 'i enaa. Take a good puff (of it) in order to wake up! --Je:jenok 'am t'a:gid g skeg 'ejevuga! After you have had a smoke, tell us about your beautiful country! --Nt o 'ip je:jenok g nsigalga! I'll smoke my cigarette first! --...matt o 'ip je:jenoka'ik 'am haha 'ep o 'i onvic. we'll have a smoke before resuming (the singing). --No hema je:? Does anybody smoke? --Nap je:? Do you(sg) smoke? --Pi 'iptp(<'aptp) hig je:. Maybe you(sg) don't smoke. --P hascu cum je:? What brand did you use to

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je:/ je:gid
smoke? --P hemu hascu je:? What brand do you smoke now? --Nap aha(<haha) pi je:? You don't smoke anymore? --Cum 'o hekid je:. He smokes all the time (constantly). --Pi 'i(< 'a) je:c 'i ab da. I am just sitting here without smoking. -- Tp a(<va) voho hab 'evua hega'i Ho'ok c 'ab hi a(<va) je:c je:c. Indeed that is what she does that Witch, she keeps on smoking and smoking.--Kutt hekid 'id 'am o 'i himc 'i:da'a 'ovicka kumt 'ab hi v(<o) va 'evuadad mamt 'ab o je:id 'ea pi 'ib(<'ab) hu o je:idc hega'i 'evivpga 'ab o je:id! Each time we pass around this cigarette you(pl) will pretend that you are smoking it when in reality you will not smoke it, but you will smoke your own tobacco. --Kut 'id o a(<va) je:id hejel. She will be the only one to keep on smoking it (the sporific). --'1 'i 'amje 'ant g pu:lo haha vo je:id. From now on I'll smoke cigars (I'll be smoking a cigar). --ia matp a(<va) voho b(< hab) 'evuadc 'am hihhimc g hu 'epipilsa veco vo je:id. Well, indeed that is what they keep on doing and they repeatedly go down there and each one of them under his blanket will be smoking it. --'Ab 'i je:hi. He smoked it (with interruptions).

je: Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-je:]: to get to be smoked

ex: Mo 'ob(<'ab) 'ab 'eje:. (A pipe is) that which is puffed at

je:-cekcim NComp: keeper of the smoke (name of the chairman at a meeting; also
called je:im-'o'odham and je:g-cekcim)

je:gid Vtr Unit (for Repet see jejjegid) [Neutr: def je:g; hort and indef je:gid.
Correl: je:gid-k; 'mmed: je:gid-ka-'i. Compl: je:gid-ok; immed: je:gi-oka-'i. Interr: je:gida-him.]: to address obj at a meeting ex: T tje:g. He is going (hearsay) to address us at a meeting (we are going to have a meeting with him as the speaker). --Tp 'am hab haha haje:g. Then he addressed them (at a meeting). -- Gami 'atp hu haje: g Ban. All through (the meeting) Coyote addressed them. --T 'e'ai ma haje:gid g hemajkam. It's (now) the time when I address the people (at a meeting). --Cum hekid tje:gid avai 'e. He addresses us (at a meeting) every Saturday. --T hekid 'am 'i tje:gidk hemho 'am hu ab hashu 'am cece. Every time he addresses us he gets off on a tangent (wanders from the subject). --k 'am hab 'i haje:gidahim hab masma mo hob(<hab) hi a(< va) kaij g tSi'iheg. and he reported to them (at a meeting) what our Elder Brother had said (how he had sounded). --hab a(< va) kaij mant 'am o 'emje:gidk 'am o 'em'a: hega'i. he said that I should address you at a meeting to tell you about that. ha'icu a je:gid VExpr: to tell the news to obj ex: Pt o hu:giok 'an ha'icu vo a nje:g! Eat first and then tell me the latest news! -Mant 'id o vi'idka'i g ma'i k 'am ha'icu vo a je:g. I'll save this (a rabbit) for my nephew and will tell him the latest news.

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je:gid/ je:io je:gid Vreflex Unit (for Repet and Distr see 'e-jejjegid) [Neutr: indef 'e-je:gid.
Interr: 'e-je:gida-him]: to take place (at a meeting) ex: 'Ehehemapad g 'o'odham c 'eje:gid, 'am hihhim. As the people repeatedly get together and there is a meeting, they (the two boys) repeatedly go there. --Stakakaim 'eje:gidahim. There took place an interesting (to hear) meeting.

je:gid Vreflex tr: to discuss obj (a topic) among each other at a me:ting
ha'icu 'e-je:gid VExpr reflex: to discuss a certain topic at a meeting ex: Matsp hi a(<va) 'eje:gidahim ha'icu 'utp(<'atp) hi a'a(<va'a) pi 'im(<'am) hu 'a:gas g haje:gid Indeed they discussed something but their talk is not reported (is not part of the story)

je:gida N inalien: meeting; tale, story

ex:'Ea hugk 'am 'am a(<va) 'i hi: g tje:gida t haha 'i jiva. We were in the middle of our meeting (our meeting had gone half way) when he arrived. --pi 'am hu 'a:gas g haje:gida. their talk is not reported (is not part of this story).--Heg 'o sma:c g skeg je:gida. He knows a beautiful tale.

je:gidaku-ki: NComp: meeting house (also je:-ki:, je:ku-ki: and ge'e-ki:) je:g-cekcim NComp: the chairman of a meeting (keeper of the meeting; also called
je:-cekcim and je:im 'o'odham)

je:im s- V subst tr: to feel like smoking continually

ex: Cum 'a sje:im. I feel like smoking continually.

je:imcud s- Vtr impers Unit ( for Repet see s-je:jenamcud) [Neutr: def sje:imc;
indef s-je:imcud]: to make obj feel like smoking

je:ime Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see je:io) [Neutr: def je:im; hort je:ime]: to go to
a meeting ex: Gm 'at hu je:im. He went to the meeting over there.

je:imeam N subst sg (for pl see je:iokam): one who is on his way to a meeting je:im-'o'odham NComp: the chairman at a meeting (keeper of the smoke; also je:cekcim or je:g-cekcim)

je:io Vintr pls (for sgs see je:ime) [Neutr: def je:io]: to go to a meeting
ex: Gm 'at hu je:io. They went to a meeting over there.

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je:iokam/ jiavul je:iokam N subst pl (for sg see je:imeam): ones that are on their way to a
meeting

je:i'ad/ je:id Vtr Unit (for Repet see jejjeiad) [Neutr: def and hort je:i'ad;
imper pls je:i'ad-o]: to smoke obj in succession, one after the other ex: Tp 'ea 'am ha je:i'ad g 'esigalga k 'am haha 'ap(<'ep) 'eje:g. Meanwhile one after the other they each took a few puffs of it (a cigarette) and then they resumed the meeting. --Je:i'ado! Have a puff of it one after the other!

je: see Vtr je:gid= to address obj at a meeting je:k s- Stat sgs [pls: sjejek]: to be a smoker, to smoke as a habit
ex: Nap sje:k? Do you smoke? --Heg 'o a 'i sje:k. He is a pretty heavy smoker.--Heg 'o va 'i sje:k. He is the only one who is a heavy smoker.--a 'a a(<va) 'i sje:kahim. I used to be a rather heavy smoker. --Cum 'a sje:kahimc hemu haha pi je:. I used to be a heavy smoker but now I don't smoke any more.

je:kam s- N subst sg [pl: sjejekam]: one who is a smoker je:kam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu sjejekam]: to be one who is a smoker je:-ki: NComp inalien: meeting house (je:ku-ki:, je:gidaku-ki:, ge'e-ki:) je:ku N [distr: jejeku]: cigarette holder (instrument with which to smoke) je:kudam Nsubst sg: one who is continually with a smoking instrument je:ku-ki: NComp inalien: meeting house (also je:-ki: and ge'e-ki:)

ji-

jia N aggreg: hailstones

ex: M 'at ha'i ul g jia. A few hailstones fell there. --Tk o shu:ntk hab haha'asij 'i g jia. There will be a lot of corn since the hailstones are big.

jiavul (Span: diablo) N indiv [pl: jejiavul]: devil (same as iavul)

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jiavul/ Jiojiavul N aggreg: barrel cactus (Echino cactus wislizeni) Jiavul Dak NExpr: name of a village near Sells (where the devil sat) jiavulig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-jejiavulig): to be full of barrel cacti in a
single location

jiavulma s- Stat: to have devilish powers jiavulmakam

s- N subst sg: one with devilish powers jijsi see N jisk= mother's younger sister or female relative jijsiba see N jisiba= deceased mother's younger sister

jijsikam 'e- N: a maternal aunt (mother's younger sister) and a nephew or niece jijivha (dial: jijivhia/ jijivup) Vintr Repet (for Unit see jiva) sgs (for pls see daivup)
[Neutr: indef jijivha. Dur: jijivha-d. Interr: jijivha-him]: to get, arrive, somewhere at a walk (on foot or on horseback) repeatedly ex: Heg 'o 'i hab a(<va) jijivha. He comes here often, --Heg 'o 'on(<'an) hab a(<va) jijivha. He goes there every so often. --Ves cuckagad 'o vaha(<haha) 'i jijivha. Now he comes here every night. --Heg 'o 'i hab a(<va) jijivha. He comes here regularly (he has been coming here regularly). -- Cum hekid 'o:la 'e 'a jijivha. I always arrive on time. Mo hekid 'i a jijivha 'an bebbhe g ya:vi ma 'an ceckac gm hu hihhim. Every time he comes here he gets the key where I put it as I go out. --'I dadeck 'ep g hu nonagc 'u:pam 'ep jijivha. It (the bird) repeatedly flies and makes a turn over there and comes back here. --Pi hekid 'i a hu jijivha. He never comes here. --Pi 'o hekid hea'i 'i a hu jijivha g 'o'odham. Nobody ever comes here. --a:pt masma 'i a jiva 'ea 'o pi hekid 'i a hu hema jijivha g 'o'odham? How did you manage to come here when nobody ever does? -K has 'evua hekid jijivhadc? What does he do when he arrives? --'I 'ant o jijivhad. I'll be coming here regularly. --Nt o a(<va) jijivhad 'u:pam. I'll go back home regularly. -'I 'o cum jijivhahim. He used to come here regularly. --M 'a cum jijivhahim. I used to go there regularly.

Jio (Span: dios) N alien indiv: God Jio-cihaig NComp: God's Law Jio-pionag NComp(?) aggreg: priests, sisters, alter boys (God's servants) Jio-'a'ada NComp(?): prophet (God's messenger)

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Jio-/ jivhis Jio-'o'ohon NComp: the Bible jisiba N inalien indiv [pl: jijsiba]: deceased mother's younger sister jisk N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg jiska-j); pl: ji:si]: mother's younger sister or female
relative (the reciprocal temm is ma'i) ex: si njisk: my real maternal aunt

jiva (dial: jivia, ji:a) Vintr Unit (for Repet see jijivha) sgs (for pls see daiv) [Neutr:
def jiva. Correl: jiva-k; immed: jiva-ka-'i. Interr: jivli]-him]: to get, arrive, somewhere at a walk (either on foot or on horseback) ex: Nat jiva? Has he arrived? --M 'at da'ak 'ep jiva. (The bird) flew there and came back. --Pt 'am o jiva gvui hega'i! You will go to him. --Tp hems 'ep o jiva. Maybe he will come back. --Hi: 'at pi 'ep o jiva. He left for good (he will not come back). --Tako 'ot(<'at) jiva. He arrived yesterday. --Ka: 'a mat jiva g je'ej. I heard that his mother has arrived. --a:cu 'upt(<'apt) 'a:gk 'i a jiva? What did you come here for? --S'ap ha'icukaj 'ant 'i a jiva. I came here for a good cause. --'Am himk ga hu jiva ku 'ea 'ab da hega'i. After a while he arrived over there when she was at home. --Pt o 'i'oka'i napt voho 'i ab jiva! Have a drink (of it) although you did not come for that reason! --a:pt masma 'i a jiva 'ea 'o pi hekid 'i a hu hema jijivha g 'o'odham? How did you (manage to) get here when nobody ever does? --elma 'o jivhim. He is almost there. --M g kavhicud mant o jivhid. Make me some coffee when I am due to arrive. --Kupt pi u o a'i doakamk 'i jivaka'i. You will not stay alive after coming here. --ia hab 'apt kaidam hab o cei 'i hab jivaka'i vui. Well, that's what you will tell her as soon as you have gotten to her. --'A kups hebaici 'i himadc 'i a jivak hab 'evua? Where on earth do you come (walking) from with those manners (acting like that)?

jivhidag N inalien: arrival

ex: Vatt 'am a he'es hab o ju: 'am mjivhidag veheji. We'll have a big celebration for your arrival.

jivhim see Vintr jiva= to get, arrive somewhere at a walk jivhis Stat : to go as far as, to get somewhere (said of a road)
ex: No 'om(<'am) hema vo:gc g hu jivhis? Is there a road that gets there?

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juumig/ jujju ju

juumig/ juumag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-jujumig): to be full of
black bears in a single location

juum[] N alien indiv [pl: juj[u]um[]]: black bear juhag[] s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ju:j[h]ag[]]: to be flexible
ex: Sjuhag 'o g 'u:li. Rubber is flexible.

juhu'ujul s- Adv: in zigzag

ex: a 'a(<'o) va 'i sjuhu'ujul him. He is zigzagging (he walks in zigzags).

juhu'ujulim s- Adv: in a zigzagging way juhu'ujulk s- Adj: zigzagging

ex: si sjuhu'ujulk vo:g 'oidk. along an extremely zigzagging road

juhu'ujulk s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-juhu'ujulk]: to be zigzagging

ex: B(< hab) 'o cu'ig mo a 'i sjuhu'ujulk. It seems that it's quite zigzagging.

juhu'ujulva V Unit (for Repet see juhu'ujulvup): to go in zig zag jui N aggreg: fruit of one variety of prickly pear cactus juig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of jui in one location jujumig/ jujumag s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-juumig): to be full of black
bears in several locations

jujjkamag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-jujkamag) to be full of Mexicans
in various locations

jujju hab/has VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see hab/has 'e-ju) [Neutr: indef jujju. Dur:
jujju-d. Interr: jujju-him]: with hab: to behave toward obj in a certain (specified) way repeatedly; with has: to behave toward obj in a certain (unspecified or strange) way repeatedly ex: a:p jujju? What do you do with it each time? -- ..matp hema has 'i sjuimc 'am hab jujju. ..whatever harm anyone wishes to do to him he does to him repeatedly.

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jujju/ jujku jujju hab/has VExpr reflex Repet (for Unit see hab/has 'e-ju) [Neutr: indef 'e-jujju.
Dur: 'e-jujju-d. Interr: 'e-jujju-him]: to behave in a certain way repeatedly ex: a:p 'ejujju? What do you do each time?

jujjud in heba'i jujjud Adv Expr: every time the sun is in a certain location
da:m jujjud Adv Expr: every noontime (see also da:m juhidk) ex: Da:m jujjud 'ac 'ab tgegusid. Every noon, we eat up there. --Hahage g gev da:m jujjud. The ice (snow) melts at noon. gm hu 'i jujjud Adv Expr: every mid-afternoon ex: Cum hekid gm hu 'i jujjud 'a hasko hihhim. Every mid-afternoon I take a walk. 'im hab 'i jujjud Adv Expr: every early afternoon ex: 'Im hab 'i jujjud 'a vapgaimme. Every early afternoon I go and irrigate it.

jujjuhim in has 'i cum jujjuhim VExpr Interr tr: to try to get rid of obj ex:...mapt
'oi 'am has o 'i cum jujjuhi g ba'ag, thu:giogahim 'o. that you'd better try to get rid of the eagle, he is wiping us out. --hab masmakaj jiva mant 'am has o 'i cum jujjuhi hega'i. the reason why I came is to try and get rid of him.

Jujkam see N Ju:kam= Mexican Jujkam see Stat Expr vu Ju:kam= to be a Mexican Jujkamag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-Jujjkamag): to be full of Mexicans in
a single location

Jujkam hajevuga NExpr [loc: Jujkam hajevuga 'e]: Mexico (the land of the
Mexicans; also called Ju:kam-Jevu)

jujkiabig see N jukiabig= rainy season jujkid (redupl of *ju:kid) V Unit [Neutr: def jujk; hort and indef jujkid. Correl: jujkidk]: to ask for rain ex: T o jujk g ma:kai. The medicine man will ask for rain. --Jujkid 'o g mamakai. Medicine men are the ones who ask for rain. --Vo jujkidk o vua g cevag. They will bring the clouds by asking for rain.

jujkida N: act of asking for rain; rain ceremony jujku Vintr Repet (for Unit see ju:k; for Distr see ju:jk) [Neutr: indef jujku]: to rain
repeatedly ex: Mac hekid 'i cum stvacvim k hemho a(<va) jujku. Whe we'd like to swim, it rains.

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jujku/ jukto jujku s- Vintr [Neutr: def, indef sjujku. Dur: sjujku-d. Interr: sjujku-him]: to rain a lot ex:
'Id 'ahidag 'at sjujku. This year it rained a lot. --M 'at a(<va) sjujku. It has been raining a lot all along. -- G hema toiabk 'o sjujku. Last summer it rained a lot. --Hemu 'ut(<'at) o sjujkud. Soon it will be raining a lot (without interruption).

jujsukal see N jusukal= a lizard juj[u]um[] see N juum[]= black bear jujulaanag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-julaanag): to be full of peaches,
peach trees in various locations

jujum s- Adv: rainily

ex: a 'a hig a 'i sjujum him. I walk leaving prints that fill with raiwater.

juk see Vintr ju= to be a certain time of the day or night juk see VExpr tr hab/has ju= to behave in a certain way toward obj juk see VExpr reflex hab/has 'e-ju= to behave in a certain way juk see VExpr reflex impers hab/has 'e-ju= to happen, to get done, in a certain way juk in has 'e-juk VExpr impers reflex: how is it that? how come?
ex: a:pt o 'ejuk 'i hab jiva? What brings you here? --Pt has 'ejuk 'am hab hi:? How is it that you went there? --Has 'ejuk hab 'eju:jkc? How come you are behaving that way?

juki- see Vintr ju:k= to rain jukiabig N [pl: jujkiabig]: rainy season
ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-'ai g jukiabig. The time has come for the rainy season.

jukiabig vu Stat Expr: to be the rainy season

ex: K hekid u 'i jukiabig? When is the rainy season?

jukiakig mamad NExpr: from July to September (rainy season moons) jukiabig maad NExpr: either July or August (rainy season moon) jukto Vintr [Neutr: def jukto. Correl: jukto-k; immed: jukto-ka-'i. Interr: jukitohim]:to stop raining ex: T o 'ip jukto pt haha vo 'ei g 'ekaijka. Wait until after the rain to plant your seeds. --Ju:k ju:k ju:k 'am haha 'i jukto. It rained, rained, rained and then it stopped raining. --Juktohim 'o. The rain is about over. --T o 'ip juktoka'i! It will soon stop raining!

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juk/ jumalkad juk see Vtr jukp= to rain on obj jukp Vtr Unit (for Repet see jukap) [Neutr: def juk; indef jukp; hort jukp. Dur:
jukpa-d. Interr: jukpa-him /jukp[i]-him]: to rain on obj ex: Natk o tjuk ? Are we going to have rain (is it going to rain on us)?--Cuhug 'at tjuk. Last night it rained (on us). --Tk o tjuk. It's going to rain (on us). --'0i g tjup! Let's have rain (on us)! --Tjukphim 'o. We had rain all along (as we were coming). --No 'om(<'em)jukp? Does it rain (on you pl)? --Tjukp 'o. It rains (on us). -- Tk o tjukpad. It's going to be raining (on us without interruption). --Ga hu 'amje 'i tjukpahimk tva'u. From there (coming this way) it kept raining (on us) and we got wet.

jukap Vtr Repet (for Unit see jukp) [Neutr: indef jukap. Dur: jukapa-d. Interr:
jukapa-him]: to rain on obj repeatedly ex: No 'om(<'em)jukap? Does it rain often (on you pl)? --Si hemho a(<va) tjukap. It rains (on us) every time (we decide to do something).

julaan (Span: durango) N alien aggreg: peach; peach tree (same as NComp julaan'u:s)

julaanag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-jujulaanag): to be full of peaches,
peach trees in a single location

julaan-kai NComp aggreg: peach kernel julaan-'u:s NComp indiv: peach tree juma Adv: low (same as jumal) jumal Adv: low (same as juma)
ex: 'Al jumal 'in him. It (the airplane) is flying (moving) pretty low.

jumalk Adj sg [pl: ju'ujumalk]: low jumalk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef jumalk); pls: ju'ujumalk]: to be low
ex: Ge jumalk g mi:sa. The table has unexpectedly short legs. --'Al jumalk g mi:sa. The table has kind of short legs. -- Ge jumalk g kavyu. The horse is unexpectedly shortlegged.

jumalkad Vtr sgo (for plo see ju'ujumalkad) [Neutr: def and hort jumalkad]: to
lower obj ex: B(<'ab) g 'i jumalkad! (Why don't you) lower it down!

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jumalkad/ ju jumalkad Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ju'ujumalkad) [Neutr: def and hort
'e-jumalkad]: to lower oneself, to bend down, over ex: B(<'ab) g 'i 'i(<'e)jumalkad! Bend over! --Si 'i 'i(<'e)jumulkad! Bend over more (very much)!

juncug (assim of *jucug) hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: indef juncug. Dur: juncuga-d]: with
hab: to move with obj in a certain (specified) position, to carry obj in a certain (specified) way; with has: to move with obj in a certain (unspecified or strange) position, to carry obj in a certain (unspecified or strange) position ex: Svinma has juncug. He is carrying it firmly in a certain (unspecified) position. --...hab juncug hega'i bayoka c 'in 'a'ai 'u'a. He is carrying that necklace holding it in both hands. -- Pt hab o juncugad hega'i bayoka! Be carrying that necklace in that position!

juncug hab/has VExpr reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-juncug. Dur: 'e-juncuga-d]: with hab: to
move behaving in a certain (specified) way; with has: to move behaving in a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ncegi'amamc hab 'ejuncug. He moves like someone who is coming to fight me.

jundad see VExpr dtr hab/has juid= to do something for somebody jundag (assim of *judag) in NComp: time when the sun (also moon and stars) is in a
certain position da:m-jundag NComp(?): noontime ex: Nt o a(<va) jiva da:m-jundag vui. I'll come toward noontime.

jundahim see VExpr dtr hab/has juid= to do something for somebody junjulid hab/has VExpr dtr [Neutr: def junjul; hort and indef junjulid]: with hab: to do a
certain (specified) thing for somebody; with has: to do a certain (unspecified or strange) thing for somebody (same as hab/ has juid)

juns (assim of *juc) hab/has Stat Expr: with hab: to be made, done in a certain
(specified) way; with has: to be made, done in a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: ..c ha'as hu hab 'i juns g a'i. ..and a certain amount of brush was used (in making it).

junt (assim of *jut) Vtr [Neutr: def and hort junt]: to make (a cake of) dry saguaro fruit
candy out of obj ex: Nt o ho(< ha) junt. I'll make some dry saguaro fruit candy out of it

ju see VExpr dtr hab/has juid= to do something for somebody

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ju ju Vintr [Neutr: def ju:. Correl: ju-k; immed: ju-ka-'i. Interr: ju[i]-him]: to be a certain
time of the day or night or year (to get to a certain location for sun, moon, and stars) ex: Heba'i juk? At what time (of day, night or year)? --Tp 'ea heba'i ju: g ta. It was sometime during the day (the sun had gotten somewhere). --Tp 'ea heba'i ju: g maad. It was sometime during the night (the moon had gotten somewhere).--Tp 'ea heba'i ju: g huhu'u. It was a certain time of the year ( the stars had gotten somewhere). da:m ju [g ta] VExpr: to get to be noontime (the sun is right at the top) ex: Da:m 'o juhim. It's around 11 o'clock (it's getting toward noon). --Tp 'ea da:m ju: g ta. It was then noon. --mat o da:m ju: g ta. when it gets to be noon. -Da:m 'at ju:. It is noon. --a:cu 'upt(<'apt) hu: da:m juk? What did you eat for lunch (at noon)? --Nt o mei si'alim da:m juk. I'll see you tomorrow at noon. --tako da:m juk= yesterday at noon. ga hu 'al 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be early in the morning, a short while after sunrise, around 7 o'clock (the sun has gone a little way up) ga hu 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be early in the morning, around two hours after sunrise, around 8 o'clock (the sun has gone midway up) ex: Tp 'ea ga hu 'i ju: g ta. It was then around 8 o'clock in the morning. -- Ma:kai haha 'ab o jiva ga hu 'i juk. The medicine man then will arrive around 8 o'clock. ga hu a ba'ic 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be mid-morning, around 10 o'clock (the sun has gone more than midway up) ex: Ga hu a ba'ic 'i juk: At around 10 o'clock in the morning. gm hu 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be mid-afternoon, between 2 and 4 o'clock in the afternoon (the sun has gone midway down) ex: Tp 'ea gm hu 'i ju: g ta. It was then midafternoon (between 2 and 4 in the afternoon). -- Gm hu 'i juhim. It's getting to be mid afternoon. -- tako gm hu 'i juk= yesterday in the mid-afternoon gm hu 'al 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be late in the afternoon, a little while before sunset (the sun has gone far down, is almost way down) ex:mamt 'am o hema hi: si'alim gm hu heba'i si 'al 'i juka'i. that one of you will go there tomorrow right before sunset. gm hu si 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be just before sunset (the sun is way down) ex:..'im hu hi: matp gm hu si 'i ju: g ta . he left just before sunset. 'ab heba'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be sometime in the morning (the sun is goin upward) ex: 'ab haha vab heba'i ju: g ta. It was early in the morning. --..'ab haha vab 'al 'i ju: g ta. ..it was real early in the morning. --'Atp 'ab hab heba'i ju: tp gm hu hab 'a'ahe hega'i do'ag. Sometime in the morning, they reached that mountain. 'am heba'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be in the afternoon (the sun is going down) ex: ia k 'oia voho 'am heba'i ju: g ta, huuhim 'am hi a'a(<va'a). Well, and then indeed sometime in the afternoon when the sun was on the verge of setting. -- Tp 'am himk 'am heba'i 'al 'i ju:. This went on until it was close to sunset. 'im hab a 'al 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be real early in the afternoon, just a little after 12 o'clock (the sun has gone a little way down on the other side of the top) 'im hab 'i ju [g ta] VExpr: to be early in the afternoon, between 1 and 2 o'clock (the sun is going down on the other side of the top)

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ju ju hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: def ju:. Correl ju-k; immed: ju-ka-'i]: to put obj somewhere
once or for the first time ex: 'Apt 'ab hab o ju: 'ab 'ab hega'i. Put it (the saddle) on him (a man who had turned into a horse) --'ab hab o juk o ce! put it on him in order to ride him! --ia tp ves 'ab hab juk 'am 'i na:to. Well, he was through putting everything on him (a man who had turned into a horse). --ia 'id 'att 'i hab o ju: m'iya:'a. Well this we will leave right here. gm hu 'a'ai 'i ju VExpr tr: to disperse obj ex: ..gm hu 'a'ai hab 'i ju: g matai. ..they dispersed the ashes. gm hu 'i ju VExpr tr: to remove obj ex: ..hekaj gm hu hab o 'i ju: g pi 'ap ta:hadkam! ..with it (tobacco) remove sadness! -Pi 'int(<'ant) has masma gm hu hab o 'i ju:. There is no way I can move it. na:nko 'i ju VExpr tr: to put obj somewhere in various ways ex: 'i:da'a ha'icu 'i ha'o:'o matp 'an na:nko 'i ju:. these bones of various kinds (of animals) which she had hung on (her dress) in various ways.

ju [hab/has] VExpr reflex [Neutr: def 'e-ju:. Correl: 'e-ju-k; immed: 'e-ju-ka-'i. Interr:
'e-ju[i]-him]: to put oneself in a certain location (specified by a locative) ex: ..'an 'a'ai hab 'i 'eju:. ..they spread out in all directions. --B(<hab) 'at ab 'eju: g hemajkam gn hu ve:gaj. The people just gathered (hearsay) around her. --..c 'am 'i ceadhimk gamai 'atp hu heba'i has 'i 'eju:. ..and he climbed up there and disappeared. -- Gm hu 'a'ai hab o 'i 'eju:! Disperse yourselves! -- ia hab masma 'am g'oidk 'am hab 'i 'ejuhi hega'i viappoi. Well, this is the path (route) that the boy had been following.

ju hab/has VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see hab/has jujju) [Neutr: def ju:; hort ju.
Correl: ju-k; immed: ju-ka-'i. Compl: jui-ok; immed: jui-o-ka-'i. Interr: ju[i]-him]: with hab: to behave in a certain (specified) way toward obj once or for the first time; with has: to behave in a certain (unspecified) way toward obj once or for the first time ex: Begi, m(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape, m(<'am) 'ant hab o a(<va) ju:. Well, all right, I'll do it. --B(<hab) 'ant o a(<va) ju: g cikpan. I am willing to do the work.--Vatt 'am a(<va) he'es hab o ju: 'am mjivhidag veheji. We'll have a big to do in honor of your arrival. --'Att 'am a(<va) he'es hab o ju: g she:kig ha'icu. We'll have a big celebration. --'At 'am hab ju: g ge'e gegusig 'ama'i. They had a big banquet down there. --B hi a(<va) ske:'idk hab ju:. In my opinion he did it because he was real mad at her. --P hascu 'a:gk pi 'im(<'am) hu hab ju:? Why didn't you do it? --Tp o mumku heghekaj mapt 'am hab a(<va) ju:. He might get sick as a result of what you did to him. --Nt o 'i mho:tkid pt(<mapt) 'am hab o ju:. I'll force you to do it. --..hab ju: mac 'in g haiva-cu:kug hab vua. ..he did to it what around here we usually do to beef. -- Pi hea'i a 'i 'enako mas 'am hab o ju: hega'i matp hascu hab 'i 'elid. Nobody was able to do that which he had in mind. --Kuptp o 'o(<'e)nakok 'am hab o ju: hega'i k haha vo bei g 'alidag. If you are able to do that, then you will get my daughter. --ia k hab ju: mat 'ab 'amje na:to g jevu. Well, and they (the termites) produced that from which he (Jevu Ma:kai) made the earth. -M(<'am) 'ant o mce:g mapt has masma hab o ju:. I'll show you(sg) how to do it. --..c hab a(<va) masma hab 'ep haju: 'idam ge'ege 'a'al. ..and in the same way she also treated

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ju
these older children. --..'am hab a(<va) masma hab 'ep ju:. ..he treated him too in the same way. --M 'ant ha'icu has o ju: pt(<kupt) heg o nneidk o 'oi. I'll leave some kind of signal (I'll do something in a certain way down there) for you to see and follow. --T o a t'amicudk 'atp hascu vab o a(<va) has ju: hega'i Ho'ok. If she finds out about us, she might just do something, that Witch. --B(<hab) g hig ju! Please do it! --Pi g 'am hu hab ju! Don't do it! --Nap pi eid map 'an hab hajuhimc hahu:giogahim? Don't you see that by doing that to them you are exterminating them? --..'am hab o juhimk 'an o 'i 'ai hega'i. he will go on doing that to it (the wing) until he reaches it (a certain kind of feather). -Ku 'ea 'emveheji ha'icu 'am hab juhim. I have been doing things for you people (in the past). --..ck na:nko ha'icu 'am juhim. ..and he does all kinds of things. --..hab juhimk 'ab 'i 'apec. ..he did it until he was satisfied with it. --a:pt juioka'i? What have you just done to it? --Hab juka'ik gm hu me:. He did it and ran away. --Pt gm hu ab o s'apekad nt 'ida hab mjuk. You'll be back to being all right thanks to what I have just now done to you. --ia k 'am 'i na:tok hab juk 'am mehi hega'i ku'ag. Well, and after they were through doing that, they set fire to the wood. --'Atp a(<va) voho 'am 'i has juk ko'ihim. Indeed after preparing it in a certain way she ate it. --'A kupt has masma hab juk ha'ui 'i:da'a cu:kug? How on earth did you manage to get these pieces of meat? --Kutt hab a(<va) masma hab 'ep hi o juk o ho(<ha) bei g cu:kug. We too will do the same thing in order to get some meat. --ia hab masma hab juk 'am hab navai. Well, this is how he made saguaro cactus wine for the first time. Adv + [hab/has] ju VExpr tr: to behave toward obj in a certain way (+ adverb) ex: Pi 'ipt(<'apt) 'ap has nju:. You have mistreated me (not treated me well). -- Nt o ha'icu pi 'ap ju:. I am about to do something wrong. --Pi g 'am hu ha'icu pi 'ap ju! Don't do anything wrong! --Pa hab juhim. He is doing it sloppily.-- Pa:pa hab ju:. They did it sloppily. --a:cu 'umt(<'amt) 'a:gk hab si o'ig nju:? Why did you(pl) make me suffer so much? --Pi g 'am o'ig nju! Don't make me suffer! --Sko'okam 'at ju: g vuhi. He hurt my eye. --Pi g 'am sko'okam nju! Don't hurt me! --Nt o cegi'ak o sko'okam juioka'i. I'll fight him until I have hurt him.

ju hab/has VExpr reflex Unit (for Repet see hab/has 'e-jujju) [Neutr: def 'e-ju:;
hort 'e-ju. Correl: 'e-ju-k; immed: 'e-ju-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-ju-ok; immed: 'ejui-oka-'i. lnterr: 'e-ju[]him]: with hab: to behave in a certain (specified) way once or for the first time; with has: to behave in a certain (unspecified or strange) way once or for the first time; to happen to someone from his doings once or for the first time ex: 'A a:pt o 'o(<'e)ju:? What on earth do you want? --a:mt o 'o(<'e)ju:? What do you people want? --a:pt 'eju:? What's the matter with you? --M(<'am) 'ant hab o a(< va) ju:. I am willing to do it. --M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape, m(<'am) 'ant hab o a(<va) ju:. All right, I'll do it. --Pi 'intp(<'antp) has o a 'i ndo:da'ak 'am hab o a(<va) nju:. Since I can't avoid it, I'll do it. --'am 'i scuk tp hab a(<va) 'eju: mo 'om(<'am) hab 'evua. after dark they did the same as they usually do. --Kuptp 'im hu o hi: kunt has o nju:? If you go away, what will I do? --a:nt hu o 'i nju:? What am I going to do?--Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans has hu o 'i ju:. I don't know what to do. --Pt has o 'o(<'e)ju: mapt hekid o jiva 'eki: 'am? What are you going to do when you get home? --M(<'am) 'atk hu a(<va) has 'eju: g 'o'odham. Down there a man is acting strangely. --ia tp hab 'eju: hega'i 'alicu 'uv k 'am

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ju
'i nonha. Well, the youngest girl had gotten herself pregnant (had done something and as a consequence became pregnant). --Nt o a(<va) mai mant has masma hab o ju:. I'll learn how to behave. --'aliga, a:cu 'upt(<'apt) 'a:gk hab 'eju: 'ab tvui? My son, why did you behave that way toward us? --'Am g hab 'eju! Behave that way! --ia! hab 'ejuhim g Ha:a! Look! Saguaro is doing something! --B(<hab) 'ejuhimk ga hu 'ai hega'i. He did that until he reached that one. -- Natt voho pi ha'icu o ma:ciok hab o tjuk 'im hu o hihi. After learning something as a consequence of what we will do, we will go away. -Nt o 'om(<'em)'a:g matt has 'i masma hab o tjuk o mua. I'll tell you people what's the best way for us to kill her. Adv + [hab/has] 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to behave in a certain way (specified by adverb) ex: u:dhim g jevu c sta'e:bidam 'eju: vesko. The earth was getting full of water and had become dangerous everywhere (hearsay). -- Sta'eam hab 'eju:. He behaved disgracefully. --Sko'okam 'at 'eju:. He hurt himself.

ju hab/has VExpr reflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-ju:. Correl: 'e-ju-k; immed: 'e-ju-ka-'i]:
with hab: to get established, created, put somewhere, to happen in a certain (specified) way once or for the first time; with has; to get established, created, put somewhere, to happen in a certain (unspecified or strange) way once or for the first time ex:matsp 'am a(<va) has masma hab 'eju: g hahimdag g 'o'odham. when the customs of the people were established in a certain way. --'Atp has 'eju:. Nat 'am a(<va) bai? (I don't know) what happened to it. Is it done? --matp hab 'ejuk 'ab 'i ge'elhi g vo:kaj. as a consequence of what happened her stomach got bigger and bigger (she was pregnant). --ia 'an hab 'ejuk 'ejuk 'am 'i hu:gio hega'i cu:kug. Well, it went on and on until he had exhausted the meat supply. --k hab 'ejuk 'im hu 'a'ai himto g hemajkam. and after that (had happened) the people went away in all directions. --matp hascu 'am o 'i has 'eju:. whenever something unusual happens. --Vatk o ha'icu has 'eju:. Something is going to happen. -- Ha'icu 'atk has 'eju: 'ama'i. Something strange has happened down there. --'Am 'at o ge ha'icu has 'eju:. There is going to be an unusual event (hearsay). --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mas hascu has o 'eju:. I don't know what is going to happen (to me). --T hascu has 'eju: p(<map) hab 'evua? What happened that you are acting that way? --a:tk o 'eju:? What's next (evidential)? --a:t o 'eju:? What is supposed to be next (hearsay)?

ju in hab ju g 'uv VExpr: to have sexual intercourse with a woman

ex: Napt hab ju: g 'uv? Did you have intercourse with the woman?

ju in pi has ju Vxpr tr: to be impossible to do something about/ for obj

ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) has o mju:. There is nothing I can do for you(sg). --Na'aps pi has o a 'i ju: heghekaj map pi vu ge'e. You won't be able to do anything about it (to prevent it) because you are not an adult. --M 'a hi ab a(<va) m'a:gid. a:ps hi o ju:? I am just telling you my opinion. I don't think you can do anything about it.

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ju ju in pi has 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to be impossible for someone (do something)

ex: Kupt ababa pi has 'ejuk 'ab o 'a'ahek o ei. But it's impossible for you to get there and see her. -- ..heghekaj ma hi pi meldagc pi has juk o ndo'ibi'o. ..since I am not a fast runner it's impossible for me to escape.

ju in pi has 'e-ju VExpr impers reflex: it doesn't matter, it's fine

ex: Pi 'it(<'at) has 'eju:. It's fine (I accept). --.. c ababa pi has 'eju:. ..but it doesn't matter. -- 'ea 'o hob(<hab) kaij mapt o vemajk hemu c hekaj pi has 'eju:. ..since they said that you should come with me now, therefore it's all right with me. --Begi, m 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape, pi 'it(<'at) has 'eju:. Well, it's fine, I accept (I have nothing against it). -- Begi, a:t 'eju:, m 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape. Well, no objections, it's fine.

ju in hab/has 'i ju VExpr tr: to harm, do away with, obj

ex: ..k 'am hab 'i 'a:gid matp has masma hab 'i haju: g 'U:pio. ..and he(Coyote) told her how Skunk had done away with them. -- ..hab o a(<va) 'ep mju: 'ep mat has 'i haju: g m'o'ogba. ..he will treat you too in the same way as he harmed your fathers.

ju in has 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to die, pass away

ex: Hek 'at o hab 'eju /B(<hab) 'at 'eju:). He died. -- Kutks hab 'ejuk hab mumku. It looks like he might have died from an illness.

ju in hab/has 'i 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to stop, give up, pass away
ex: ..b(<hab) haha 'i 'eju: 'in veco cihog. then he stopped above where there was a cave (hearsay). --Kut pi heba'i has o a 'i 'eju: cum 'as hebi(<heba'i) o tonom. He won't ever give up no matter how thirsty he gets. -- ..mat has masma hab 'i 'eju: 'idam m'o'ogba. ..that your fathers died somehow.

ju in a has 'i 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to get ready

ex:c ababa hab masma mant 'am o a has 'i nju:. but this is how I will get ready.

ju in s'ap [hab/has] 'i 'e-ju VExpr reflex: to be all set, ready

ex: ia k 'ab haha va: g 'evonom, 'ab 'i si s'ap 'i 'eju:. Well, and after putting his hat on, he was all set.

ju in has 'i ju NExpr inalien aggreg [distr: has 'i ju:ju]: relative(s)
ex: has 'i nju= some kind of relative(s) of mine (in one place) --has 'i ju:ju= some kind of relatives of mine (in various locations) -- 'E-'atp-ve'eppogid g hahu'ul, has 'i haju 'ama'i hegam 'a'al. She kept acting like the grandmother, or some kind of relative of those children down there.

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ju/ juim ju in vu has ju Stat Expr: to be a relative to somebody

ex: K has u mju?/a: 'o o(<vu) mju? What (kind of relative) is he to you (how is he related to you)? --a:p u juij? What are you to him (how are you related to him)? -Has 'antp hi u a(<va) 'i juij. I don't know whether/how I am related to him.

ju N alien mass [distr: ju:ju]: dry saguaro fruit formed into a cake (also called
gakidaj)

juga Stat [distr: ju:juga]: to have a cake of dry saguaro fruit candy
ex: Nap ge juga? Do you have a cake of dry saguaro fruit candy? -Nam ge ju:juga? Does each one of you have a cake of dry saguaro fruit candy?

juhidk: time when the sun (also the moon or stars) keeps getting closer and closer to a
certain position da:m juhidk Adv Expr (?): every day around noontime, when the sun is getting toward the top (see also da:m jujjud) ex: Da:m juhidk 'o tohoid. It's hot every day around noontime.

juid hab/has VExpr dtr Unit (for Repet see hab/has ju:jid) [Neutr: def ju; hort
and indef juid. Correl: juid-k; immed: juid-ka-'i. Dur: junda-d (elis of juida-d). Interr: junda-him (elis of *juida-him)] with hab: to do a certain (specified) thing for somebody; with has: to do a certain (unspecified or strange) thing for somebody (see also hab/has junjulid) ex: B(<hab) 'ant o a(<va) ju g cikpan. I am willing to do the work for him. --Nt o ha'icu has ju. I'll do something (unspecified) for him. --mat 'oi vo cu:tk 'am has o nju. that she will right away grind it and prepare it in a certain (unspecified) way for me. -B(<hab) g njuid! (Why don't you) do it for me! --B(<hab) g hig njuid! (Could you) please do it for me! --M 'ant hab o 'ip mjuidka'ik haha vo hi:. I'll do it for you first and then I'll go. --mat gve:nadk o mge:g 'am hab o mjuidka'i hega'i. that he will win it (the money) from you together with her (the girl) by doing that to you. --Ku 'ea ha'icu 'am hab 'emjundahim. I have been doing things for you people.

juid in hab/has 'i juid VExpr dtr: to solve (a problem) for somebody
ex: Kunt ha'akia ha'icu 'am hab 'i mju. I have solved many problems for you(sg).

juim hab/has s- subst VExpr tr : with hab: to wish to do a certain (specified) thing;
with has: to wish to do a certain (unspecified or strange) thing ex: Nap hab cum sjuim? Do you wish to do it? --'Id 'a hab cum sjuim. I'd like to do this. --ma heg hab 'ep cum sjuim. (There is something else) which I'd like to do.

juim in has 'i s-juim subst VExpr tr: to wish to do some harm to obj
ex:matp hema has 'i sjuimc 'am hab jujju. whatever harm anyone wishes to do to him, he does to him (repeatedly).

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juimcud/ ju'ujumalkad juimcud s- Vimpers dtr [Neutr: def s-juimc]: to cause obj to feeel like doing
something ex: Snjuimc g cikpan. It got me anxious to do the work.

juimk hab/has s- Stat Expr [Neutr: indef and def s-juimk]: with hab: to want to do a
certain (specified) thing; with has: to want to do a certain (unspecified or strange) thing

juma-cu'ig in pi has juma-cu'ig Stat Expr impers tr: to be unavoidable for obj
(same as pi has do:da'am-cu'ig) ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu has a 'i njuma-cu'ig. I can't avoid it (It's unavoidable for me).

juok, juoka'i see VExpr tr hab/has ju= to behave in a certain way toward obj juok, juoka'i see VExpr reflex hab/has 'e-ju= to behave in a certain way ju-va:ga NComp inalien mass [distr: ju:ju-va:paga]: dry saguaro fruit candy mixed
with water ex: G ha vasbid g ju-va:ga! Pour me some saguaro fruit candy mixed with water!

jusukal N indiv [pl: jujsukal]: a variety of lizard with rough skin (also called hivno or
hivno-usukal)

juak Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef juak) pls: ju'udak]: to be loose juaka Vintr sgs: to become loose
ex: Nat juaka g mnoagku? Is your steering wheel loose?

juakaid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def juakai; hort juakaid]: to loosen obj
ex: Nt o 'i juakai g givu. I'll loosen my belt.

ju'udak see Stat juak= to be loose ju'ujumalk see Adv jumalk= low ju'ujumalk see Stat jumalk= to be low ju'ujumalka Vintr pls (for sgs see jumalka): to become low ju'ujumalkad Vtr pls (for sgs see jumalkad): to lower obj ju'ujumalkad Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-jumalkad): to lower oneself, to bend
down, over

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ju:/ ju:jkc

ju:-

ju: see Vintr junk: to rain ju: see Vintr ju: to be a certain time of the day or night ju: see VExpr tr hab/has ju: to behave in a certain way toward obj ju: see VExpr reflex hab/has 'e-ju: to behave in a certain way ju: see VExpr reflex impers hab/has 'e-ju: to happen in a certain way ju:jhag[] see Stat s-juhag[]: to be flexible ju:jk Vintr Distr (for Unit see ju:k) [Neutr: indef ju:jk. Interr: ju:jk[i]-him]: to rain in
various places, here and there ex: B(<'ab) 'at 'i ju:jkhi. The rain was coming this way in sheets from various directions. -N(<'an) 'at hu 'i ju:jkhi. The rain was coming this way from all directions. --Ju:jk 'o. It's raining here and there. --N(<'an) 'o hu ju:jk. It's raining all around.

ju:jk see Adj s-ju:k= deep ju:jk see Stat s-ju:k= to be deep ju:jka Vintr pls (for sgs see ju:ka): to become deep ju:jkc hab/has semi Stat Expr tr pls (for sgs see hab/has ju:kc) [Neutr: indef ju:jkc.
Dur: ju:jkci-d. Interr: junjkc=ka-him]: with hab: to have obj in a certain (specified) position; with has: to have obj in a certain (unspecified or strange) position ex: ..hegam vi:piop mo 'ob(<'ab) si skeg ha'icu 'ab hab ju:jkc. ..those boys who have very pretty things on. --B(<'ab) 'at hab o ju:jkcid g skeg ha'icu. They will be having pretty things on. -- Skeg ha'icu 'o 'ob(<'ab) hab cum ju:jkckahim. They used to have pretty things on.

ju:jkc hab/has semi Stat Expr reflex pls (for sgs see hab/has 'e-ju:kc) [Neutr: indef
'e-ju:jkc. Dur: 'e-u:jkci-d. Interr: 'e-ju:jkc=ka-him]: with hab: to behave in a certain (specified) way; with has: to behave in a certain (unspecified or strange way) ex: Has 'ejuk hab 'eju:jkc? How is it that you(pl) are behaving that way? -- (<'a) ababa 'am a(<va) hi a(<va) s'emma:c mam heg'amje 'am hab 'eju:jkc. But I have known all along what is the reason for your behavior.

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ju:jkc/ ju:k
Adv + [hab/has] 'e-ju:kc: to be behaving in a certain way (specified by adverb) ex: Svo:po'imk hab 'eju:jkc. They are behaving like they are anxious to run (go away by car). --Sko:ksim 'eju:jkc. They are behaving like they are sleepy. --Kuc o'ig tju:jkc 'ab daha. We are behaving like we are miserable sitting there.

ju:jid hab/has VExpr dtr Repet (for Unit see hab/has juid) [Neutr: indef ju:jid]
with hab: to do a certain (specified) thing for somebody repeatedly; with has: to do a certain (unspecified or strange thing) for somebody repeatedly ex: Kup 'am hab tju:jid. You do it for us each time.

ju:jpi Vintr pls (for sgs see ju:pi) [Neutr: def ju:jp]: to disappear, sink in (as into
the ground by magic) ex:'im hu 'u:pam 'ep ju:jp jevu veco. they disappeared back into the ground.

ju:ju see NExpr has 'i ju= indeterminate kind of relative ju:ju see N ju= cake of dry saguaro fruit candy ju:juga see Stat juga= to have a cake of dry saguaro fruit candy ju:k Vintr Unit (for Repet see jujku; for Distr see ju:jk) [Neutr: def ju:; indef ju:k;
concurs ju:k-c; hort ju:k; imper sgs juki-. Correl: ju:-k. Interr: juk[i]-him. Dur: ju:ka-d]: to rain ex: Juki, juki! Rain, rain!(in a song) --'Oi g ju:k! Let's have rain right away! --Cuhug 'o jukihim. It was raining off and on during the night. --Natk o ju:? Is it going to rain? --Vatk o ju:. It's going to rain. --S hems hi o ju:. I thought it was going to rain (but it did not). -- Si 'it(<'at) ju:. It rained hard. --N(<'an) 'at hi a(<va) 'al ha ju:. It rained just a little. --Cuhug 'at ju:. There was a shower during the night. -- Ge 'et(<'at) cuhug ju:. It rained all night long. -- Nt o cum huha g ka:uga t 'oia ge ju:. I was going to haul in my sorghum but unexpectedly it rained. --Vo'ivak ju:. It rained continually over a long period (several days and nights). --Kopok ju:. There was a thunder blast and it rained.--Ju:k ju:k ju:k 'am haha 'i jukto. It rained, rained, rained and then it stopped. --ia ge 'atsp cuhug ju:k ju:k ma:si. Well it rained, rained all night until dawn. --No ju:k? Is it raining? --Ju:k 'o. It's raining. --Beka'i g 'e'e:kcudaku, ju:k 'o. Take your umbrella along, it's raining. --Si 'o ju:k. It's raining hard. --Kopke 'o c ju:k. It's thundering and raining (at the same time). -Ju:k 'o 'on(<'an) do'agt'ab. It is raining up on the mountain--Ju:k 'o ga hu Jevak 'ab. It's raining over there at Jevak. --Ju:k 'o 'om(<'am) vopoa 'oidc. It's raining down in the valley. --T o a 'i hevhogi ju:kc. It will get cooler as it is raining. --Tk o ju:kad. It looks like it's going to be raining (for a long time without stopping).

ju:k s- Adj sg [pl: sju:jkl: deep ju:k s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef sju:k); pls: sju:jk]: to be deep
ex: Sju:k 'o g vag. The hole is deep. --a 'a(<'o) va 'i sju:jk g va:pag. The holes are deep.

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ju:ka/ ju:kc ju:ka Vintr sgs (for pls see ju:jka) [Neutr: def ju:ka. Interr: ju:ka-him]: to get deep
ex: Tk o ju:ka. It will get deep. --Ju:kahim 'o. It's getting deep.

ju:kajid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ju:kaj; hort ju:kajid]: to deepen obj
ex: Nt o 'i ju:kaj g vag. I'll deepen the hole.

ju:kam s- Adv: deeply

ex: Sju:kam o vagt! Dig deep!

Ju:kam N indiv [pl: jujkam]: Mexican

ex: Smu'ij g Jujkam 'ama'i. The Mexicans are numerous down there. --Ha'i 'a haeid g Jujkan. I saw a few Mexicans.

Ju:kam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu Jujkam]: to be a Mexican Ju:kamaj Adv: in Mexican, like a Mexican
ex: Nap iok Ju:kamaj? Do you speak in Mexican?

Ju:kam-jevu NComp: Mexico (Mexican land; also called Jujkam ha-jevuga)

ex: 'im hab Ju:kam-jevu da:m= in Mexico. --gm hu 'aigoji Ju:kam-jevuc'ea= on the other side of the Mexican border

Ju:kam-iok VComp intr: to speak Mexican

ex: Nap Ju:kam-iok? Do you speak Mexican?

ju:kc hab/has semi Stat Expr tr sgs (for pls see ju:jkc) [Neutr: indef ju:kc. Dur: ju:kcid. Interr: ju:kc=ka-him]: with hab: to have obj in a certain (specified) position; with has: to have obj in a certain (unspecified or strange) position ex: a:p ju:kc g evainomga? What do you do with your knife? --Tp 'ea 'am a(<va) heba'i has ju:kc g 'evainomga. At the time he had (left) his knife somewhere (unspecified) down there. -- 'ea cum hekid g giho 'am hab ju:kc 'e'o: 'an. At the time she always had a carrying basket on her back (hearsay). --a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'ab hab ju:kc? What do you(sg) have on (what are you wearing)?

ju:kc hab/has semi Stat Expr reflex sgs (for pls see hab/has 'e-ju:jkc) [Neutr: indef 'ejunkc. Dur: 'e-ju:kci-d. Interr: 'e-ju:kc=ka-him]: with hab: to be behaving, reacting in a certain (specified) way; with has: to be behaving, reacting in a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: a:p 'i 'i(<'e)ta:tkc hab'eju:kc? How do you feel about it? --Maps has 'i 'eta:tkc hab 'eju:kc? I wonder how you feel about it --Maps has 'i 'eta:tkc hab 'eju:kc t a(<va) hab 'eju: mat a(<va) 'am 'i hihi? I wonder how you feel about the fact that they have gone? -Vo ei matp has o 'i 'i(<'e)ju:kcid. Observe her reactions (how she will be reacting).

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ju:kc/ ju:p ju:kc in Adv + [hab/has] e-ju:kc: to be behaving in a certain way (specified by
context) ex: Smelimk hab 'ejunkc. His behavior shows that he is anxious to run (go away by car). --Pi g 'am smelim 'eju:kcid! Don't let your behavior show that you would like to run (go away by car)! -- Pi g 'am sko:sim 'eju:kcid! Don't let your behavior show that you are sleepy! --o'ig nju:kc 'ab daha. It shows that I am miserable as I sit there.

ju:kig s- Stat impers Unit: there is a lot of rain in one location ju:kima s- Adv: rainlike
ex: Sju:kima 'o cu'ig. It looks like rain (it's probable that it will rain).

ju:kimag s- Adj: full of raindrop-like spots

ex: sju:kimagi vuhioa = a freckled face

ju:kimag[] s- Stat: to be full of raindrop-like spots (as of a freckled face or the coat of
a horse)

ju:ki-vuadam NComp [loc: ju:ki-vuadam-t-'an]: rain maker ju:k N mass: rain

ex: B(<'at) 'o him g ju:k. The rain is coming this way. --Nap shoho'id g ju:k? Do you like the rain? --Vo gei g ju:k The rain will fall. --Vo ho(<ha) vua g ju:k. He (the medicine man) will bring some rain.

ju:k N aggreg: raindrops

ex: 'Ab ulig g ju:k. Raindrops are falling (as along a window pane).

ju:pin N: north ju:pin hevel NExpr (?): north wind ju:pi Vintr sgs (for pls see jujpi) [Neutr: def ju:p; indef ju:pi. Correl: ju:pi-k;
immed: ju:pi-ka-'i. Dur: ju:pii-d. Interr: ju:pi[i]-him]: to seep, sink into the ground; to disappear into the ground (as by magic) ex: Kut 'im hu ju:p hega'i 'uv jevu veco. The girl disappeared into the ground. B(<vab) ju:pi g u:dag. The water is just seeping into the ground. -- Ju:pihim 'o g u:dag. The water is seeping into the ground in a discontinuous way. --T o 'ip ju:pik. It will (soon) sink in!

ju:p see Vintr ju:pi= to sink in, to disappear into the ground

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kad:di/ kahiob ka-

kad:di (Span: agate) N inalien/alien indiv [pl: kakddodi]: marble kad:di Stat sgs: to have marbles (same as kad:diga)
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha'i kad:di. I don't have (some) marbles. - Pi 'i(<'a) ha kad:di. I don't have a single marble.

kad:di Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-kad:di]: to play marbles against each other
ex: Tt(<vatt) o tkad:di! Let's play marbles against each other!

kad:diga Stat sgs: to have marbles (same as kad:di) kad:diga s- Stat: to have lots of marbles in one location (in a bag, a box , a pocket)
ex: Skad:diga 'a. I have lots of marbles.

kahio N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kahio-j, kahio-); pl: kakio; distr: kakkio]: leg
ex: Gogs 'atk 'an kei kahio 'an g 'o'odham. The dog bit the man on the (his) leg.

kahio Stat Unit (for Distr see kakkio) sing [mult: kakio]: to have a leg
ex: Hega'i mo ge 'o:mi kakio. That one who has broken legs.--Se:eli o kakiok. He will have straight legs.

kahiobin Vtr [Neutr: def kahiob; hort kahiobin]: to cross obj

ex: Pt o 'i kahiob g vo:g! Cross the road!-- Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu 'i kahiobin g vo:g! Don't cross the road!-- Pt o 'i kahiob g 'ekahio! Cross your legs (put one leg across the other)!

kahiobin Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-kakiobin) [Neutr: def 'e-kahiob; 'e-kahiobin]: to
cross one's legs (same as kahiobin g 'ekahio) ex: 'E-g-kahiobin! Cross your legs!

kahiobinc semi Stat reflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-kahiobinc. Dur: 'ekahiobinci-d]: to
have one's legs crossed (one leg on top of the other) ex: 'Ekahiobinc daha. He is sitting with his legs crossed.-- B(<vab) 'i 'i(<'e)kahiobincid! Keep your legs crossed!

kahiob see Vtr kahiobin= to cross obj kahiob see Vreflex 'e-kahiobin= to cross one's legs

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kahiogid/ kaicug kahiogid Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-kakiogid) [Neutr: indef 'ekahiogid]: to move
one's leg

kahiokam N subst sing [mult: kakiokam]: one with a leg

ex: vakumi'ok kakiokam alvim= the one with torn trouser legs -- ce'ecev kakiokam= long-legged one -- va'apkodk/vapkois kakiokam= bow-legged one.-- hemako kahiokam= single-legged one. Hohog Kakiokam NExpr: a nickname (the one with leather legs)

kahiova Vintr sing (for mult see kakiova) [Neutr: def and hort kahiova]: to bump
one's leg (against something) ex: 'At si kahiova g'ab ti:na. He bumped his leg hard against the tub.

kahio vuaku NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kahio-j vuaku) pl: kakio
vu:puaku; distr: kakkio vu:puaku]: garter

kahio vuaku vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's garter

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) kahioj vuaku. This is her garter. -- 'Idam 'o kakioj vu:puaku. These are her garters.

kahon see ka:ho= box kai Exclam: listen (to a noise)! kai N inalien mass [(3rd pers sg poss: kai-j); distr: kakai]: semen kai in ha'icu kai NExpr sing [mult: ha'icu kakai]: one variety of seeds
ex: 'E:a g ha'icu kai! Plant the seeds! julaan-kai NComp: peach stone ha:l-kai NComp aggreg: squash seeds milo-kai NComp alien aggreg: melon seeds vapko-kai NComp alien aggreg: gourd seeds ex: hab a(<va) hekaj vuha g vapko-kai. Thus, the gourd seeds grew right away. vihog-kai NComp alien aggreg: mesquite seeds 'i:bhai-kai NComp alien aggreg: prickly pear seeds

kai Stat sing: to have one variety of seeds, a pit, a stone, semen
ex: Ge 'o kai, 'apt gm hu o kaip! It has seeds, remove them!

kaicug Vtr [Neutr: indef kaicug. Dur: kaicuga-d]: to be moving while listening to obj
ex: a:cu 'up(<'ap) hab kaicug? What are you listening to (as you are driving along)? --B g kaicugad g radio! Be listening to the radio (as you are driving along)!

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kaicug/ kaidag kaicug hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: indef kaicug]: to know something (from hearing it
around said a certain way) ex: .. k hab kaicug mo (<vu) si s'ema:cim ma:kai 'ep. ..and we know (from hearing it around) that he is a very smart medicine man.--ia ha'ap 'a hi a(<va) masma 'am sma:c 'i:da'a hab kaicugc. Well, this is the way I know this (story) and the way I hear it around.

kaida see Vintr kaidag= to make a sound that is heard; to spread (a rumor) kaidag Vintr [Neutr: def kaida; indef kaidag. Dur: kaidaga-d. Interr: kaidaga-him,
kaidag[i]-himl: to make a sound that is heard; to spread, circulate (a rumor) ex: Gani hu jevu hugid 'an vesko kaidag. It (the flute) makes a sound that is heard all the way to the shore (all over the land).--M 'o hob(< hab) hi a(<va) masma hab kaidag g hemajkam. This is the rumor that the people have been circulating all along. --Mo 'am hu ha'ap kaidag ha'icu matp 'am me g cikpan 'im hu ha'ap. The rumor is circulating that there is work in that direction.--c 'ea ha'as 'i mat 'i kaidaand some time later he started to be heard (he made sounds that were heard). -- Nap 'am a(<va) ka: mat 'i ha'icu kaida? Have you heard the latest (rumor)? --T o hob(<hab) hi a(<va) kaida mat 'ecikp. There is a rumor that work has started. --..k hab huihim mat 'ab o a(<va) kaidaghidc hab o cei. .. and (the sun) was setting when his chatter was heard getting closer and closer. -- Vaha 'a a(<va) ka: m'ab kaidaghim. Now I hear him approaching.

kaidag N inalien: way in which one hears/has heard something kaidag vu: Stat Expr: to be the way in which one hears or has heard something
ex: Hascu u mkaidag? What is your version (How did you hear it)? --c has masma 'am 'a:gahim 'i:da'a kc u heg a(<va) 'i kaidagand I have been telling this (story) the way I heard it.

kaidag hab/has Stat Expr with hab: to have a certain (specified) sound; with has: to
have a strange (unspecified) sound ex: a: 'o kaidag? What kind of a sound does it have? -- Has kaidag. It has a strange sound. -- Pi 'evepo hab kaidag hasko vo ka:. There are different versions (of this story) depending on where it is heard.

kaidag s- Stat [Neutr: indef skaidag. Dur: skaidag=ka-d]: to have a loud sound, to be
rumored ex: 'ea vesko jevu 'ab skaidag mo g Ban ves hemajkam haba'ic si ma:kai. At that time (hearsay) it was rumored all over the country that Coyote was the best medicine man of all the people. gavul kaidag Stat Expr: to have a different sound ex: 'At o gavul kaidagk. It (the story) will be different (there will be another version of the story).

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kaidam/ kaiham kaidam hab/has Adv Expr with hab: sounding a certain (specified) way; with has:
sounding a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: K has kaidam iok? How does he talk (what kind of a sound does he make in talking)? --ia, b(<hab) 'a kaidam 'e'ihim. Well, that's the way (hearsy) he was singing (with interruptions). --ia hab 'apt kaidam hab o cei 'i hab jivaka'i vui. Well, that's what you will say as soon as you have arrived in front of her. --Pt has 'ejuk hab kaidam hia? How is it that you make that sound in urinating? --B(<hab) 'o kaidam hab kaij mo g cuku. It/he sounds like an owl.--B(<hab) 'at o kaidam hab kaijid. That's what he will be saying. -B(<hab) 'antp kaidam hab o cei. I might say it that way. -- 'At hab kaidam hab cei mant 'am 'ep o cei. He said it the way I am going to repeat.-- Hab kaidam hab ce'is 'i:da'a ne'i. That's how this song is said. --k has kaidam o e'ic.and what kind of songs to sing for it.-- Has ntp kaidam hab o 'a: "Kovnal". I might call him by the strange (foreign) name of "Governor". -- Pi 'i(<'a) cegto mas has hu 'i pen 'i kaidam hab 'a'aga g kekelba. I don't remember how the ancestors used to call it. -- Tp 'am has kaidam hia hega'i 'alicu. The youngest one made a strange sound in urinating. --...mam 'an ka: mo has kaidam kukkuas you all have heard the strange sound they make (certain birds). gavul kaidam Adv Expr: sounding different si has kaidam iok VExpr: not to make sense (making some unintelligible sounds) vepo kaidam Adv Expr: sounding the same as ex: Tvepo kaidam eiok. They speak the same as we (do). -- Pi 'evepo kaidam 'am hu hab o 'ecei 'i:da'a ha'icu 'a:ga. This story is not (always) told in the same way.

kaidam s- Adv: loudly, loud

ex: Skaidam 'apt o io pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu 'i si scekaidag. Talk loud, he is hard of hearing (does not hear very well. -- M('am) 'apt o a(<va) a 'i skaidam iokad! Could you speak louder (fairly loud)! --a 'i si skaidam him g ba'ag. The eagle walks ponderously (very loudly).

kaigia-u:k NComp inalien: a pair of rawhide sandals (same as kakiaga'am-u:k) kaiha see Vtr kaiham= to listen to, obey, obj kaiham Vtr [Neutr: def kaiha; hort and indef kaiham. Dur: kaihama-d. Interr: kaihamahim]: to listen to obj (such as the radio, a story); to obey obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o ho(<ha)kaiha. I won't listen to (obey) anyone. --...'am a(<va) 'i pi kaiha 'i:da'a ha'icu mac hascu 'i cum mo:bid.you did not pay any attention to that which we tried in vain to advise you against. --heghekaj mapt 'am a(<va) pi kaiha 'i:da'a ha'icu mac hascu 'ab 'i cum m'a:gid.because you did not pay attention to what we tried in vain to tell you.-- M(<'am) g kaiham! Listen to me! -- M g kaiham g radio! (Why don't you) listen to the radio! --Nap 'am kaiham? Are you listening to it (the radio)?-- 'am cum si s'ap kaihamalthough he listens (to it) carefully.-- M(<'am) 'a mkaiham. I am paying attention to you. -- M(<'am) 'a kaiham g radio. I am paying attention to the radio.-- Pi ha'icu kaiham. He does not pay attention to anything. -- 'Idam 'o'odham 'am dahakc

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kaiham/ kaij
kaiham g iokdam-ma:gina. These fellows are sitting there listening to the radio. -M(<'am) 'ant o si kaihamad. I'll be listening intently to it/him.--Pi g 'am hu kaihamad! Don't be paying attention to it/him! --N(<'an) g hu ab(<vab) hakaihamad! Just listen (don't believe them)!

kaihu see Vtr kaihun= to thresh, get seeds off obj kaihun Vtr [Neutr: def kaihu; hort kaihun; imper sgs: kaihuna-]: to thresh, get seeds
off obj ex: Nt o kaihu g mu:ga. I'll get the seeds off my beans.

kaihunaku N indiv sg [pl: kakaihunaku]: seed separating machine (same as

kaivanaku)

kaij see Vreflex 'e-kaijid= to announce oneself kaij, kaijid Exclam (indicates that speaker knows something)
ex: Kaij/kaijid, b(<hab) 'o cu'ig. Yes, I know about it (the way it is).-- Kaijid b(<hab) 'at o 'o(<'e)ju:. I knew it would happen.

kaij hab/has VExpr intr [Neutr: indef kaij. Dur: kaiji-d. Interr: kaij [i]-him]: with hab: to
make a certain (specified) sound; to say something, to speak in a certain way; with has: to make a certain (unspecified or strange) sound, noise (see also hab/ has ce'e-) ex: a: 'o kaij? What is he saying? --a:p kaij? What are you saying? -- hab kaij. That's what he said (hearsay).-- K has kaij g u:dag? What kind of a sound does water make? -a:cu 'u(<'o) hab kaij? What's that noise? -- Kups hab kaij? What are you talking about (I don't understand what you are saying)? --Tp 'am hab 'i kaij hega'i Ban Then, Coyote said -- hab masma ma a(<va) 'am hu hab hi a(<va) kaijthe way I already said before. -- ia b(<hab) 'atp masma 'am hab 'i kaij g 'I'itoi. Well, that's what 'I'itoi said. -- 'am hab a(<va) 'i kaij hega'i 'uv mo pi eid. The woman insisted that she had not seen it (hearsay).-- Pi a 'i voho, b(< hab) 'o ob(<vab) kaij. It's not true, it's just talk (he is just talking). --P hascu 'a:gc hab kaij? Why are you saying that? --...c hekaj 'am a(<va) voho ma 'ida hab kaijk 'i a 'i hugk.and with it I end my story (what I am saying)-- P hemu 'ida hab kaijc mu'i va 'i iok. You have now said enough. -- B(<hab) 'o kaijc 'an eid g ku:bs. This is what he said while he was watching the smoke. -- Pi 'o hab a 'i kaij 'ab vui. He did not say anything to me.-- B(<hab) 'o kaij 'ab vui. This is what he said to me.-- Ku ghekaj hab kaij. This is the reason why I am saying that. -- 'Antp he'es ha'icu pi 'am hu hab kaij. I may have left out a few things (in telling the story). --'Antp he'es ha'icu pi 'am hu 'oidc hab kaij. I may have altered a few passages (in telling the story). -Kus heba'i hab kaij 'idam 'u'uvhig? Where could the birds that are making this noise be? - Mek hig haeid 'a a:cu 'i hob(<hab) 'ac hab kaij g mje:j! Run and see what on earth your mothers (your mother and her sister) are laughing at so noisily!--B(<hab) 'a kaijc 'ab daha. That's the sound he was making (hearsay) while sitting there.--'Im 'o hu ha'ap

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kaij/ kaijidam
hab kaij. The sound comes from this direction. --'am hab haha 'i kekivak 'im hab kaij. after stopping there he made a certain noise.-- M(<'am) 'o ha'icu si has kaij. There is something making a strange sound over there. -- Si has kaijc heba'i 'am si has cece. Sometimes it makes a continuous sound (such as a stream) and sometimes it makes repeated sounds (such as waves). -- Hek hu sma:c ma has kaij. He already knows whatever I am saying.-- Skaidam g iok kutt o mka: map has kaij! Speak loud so that we hear what you are saying! -- B(<hab) 'o kaidam hab kaij mo g cuku It/he sounds like an owl. -- B(< hab) 'ant o kaijid hab masma. That's how I'll be saying it (continually).-B(<hab) g ab 'i kaijid! Keep on talking! -- Pi g 'am hu has kaijid. Don't say anything! -'A kut heba'i hi: hab kaijihimc? Where on earth did he go making that sound? -- Pi 'am hu has kaijihim. He did not say anything (all along). Adv + [hab/has] kaij: to make a certain sound (specified by adverb) ex: Ba: 'o ha'icu si stahoho'idam kaij? Where is that thing that sounds so pleasant? --'ea 'o 'an hi ha'icu sta'e:bidam kaij tvui. There was something making a frightening sound around us. --Sta'e:bidam has kaij ku s'e:bid. It makes a strange and frightening sound and I am afraid. -- Skeg has kaij. It makes a strange and beautiful sound. na:nko kaij VExpr: to talk nonsense ex: ..p hekaj hab na:nko 'am kaij. ..that's why you talk nonsense. -- Hek 'apk hu 'i 'i(<'e)ge:gc k 'am na:nko kaij. You've already been beaten and you talk nonsense.

kaij N: seeds of a specified plant (its seeds) kaij N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg kaij=ga-j; distr: kakaij]: saguaro fruit seeds
ex: a:kc g kaij. He has the saguaro seeds in his hand. --.k 'oia 'am hab 'i 'ui hega'i kaijand then he gathered the saguaro seeds. -- M(<'am) hu 'a'ai gava g kaij. He scattered the saguaro seeds in all directions.

kaijga Stat: to have saguaro fruit seeds kaijga s- Stat: to have a lot of saguaro fruit seeds kaijid see Exclam kaij kaijid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-kaij; hort and indef 'e-kaijid. Correl: 'e-kaijidk; immed: 'ekaijid-ka-'i]: to announce oneself (same as 'e-kailid) ex: Napt 'ab a(< va) 'a(<'e)kaij? Did you announce yourself? -- Hekid 'i no:nagk 'ekaijid. After they turn back they announce themselves (their arrival). -- Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu 'ekaijidk 'ab ab si 'i va:. He came in without having announced himself.

kaijidam see Vtr kaijidame= to go and notify obj

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kaijidame/ kaikam kaijidame Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def kaijidam; hort kaijidame]: to go and notify obj
(same as kailidame) ex: Nt o 'i hakaijidam hegam 'o'odham mat hascu has 'i 'i(<'e)ju: 'i:ya'a. I am on my way to notify the people of what has happened here. -- 'At o kaijidam g 'eka:k. He went to notify his grandmother (hearsay).

kaijidma hab s- Vintr: to appear to be speaking in a certain way

ex: Ku hab hi skaijidma. I thought that's what I said. -- K hab hi skaijidma. I thought that's what he said.

kaijka N inalien sing [mult: kakaijka; distr: kakkaijka]: one variety of seeds reserved for
planting ex: Nt o ha'i 'ei g kaijka. I'll sow some of my seeds.-- Nt o ha'i 'ei g kakaijka. I'll sow some of my seeds (of several varieties). -- T o 'ip jukto pt haha vo 'ei g 'ekaijka. Wait until the rain is over before you sow your` seeds (of one type).-- Vo eea g 'ekakkaijka. Each one of them will sow his seeds. bav kaijka NExpr inalien aggreg: Tepary beans reserved for planting hu: kaijka NExpr inalien [1st pers sg hu: -kaijka]: corn kernels reserved for planting

kaijka vu Stat Expr sing: to be someone's seeds (of one variety) reserved for planting
ex: K heg hascu u m'ab ve:c? D(<vu) 'o kaijka. What's that lying there? They are my seeds. hu: kaijka vu Stat Expr: to be someone's corn kernels reserved for planting ex: D(<vu) 'o hu: kaijka. They are my corn seeds.

kaijkacud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def kaijkac; hort kaijkacud]: to put aside for planting one
variety of seeds for somebody ex: Nant 'am o ha'i mkaijkac? Shall I put aside some of these seeds for you?

kaijkat Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort kaijkat]: to prepare, put away, for planting one
variety of seeds ex: Nt o ha'i kaijkat g 'u'am-hu:. I'll put away for planting some yellow corn seeds.

kaijkata N inalien sing [mult: kakaijkata]: one variety of seeds put away for planting kaikam in ha'icu kaikam NExpr aggreg: plants with seeds
cuck-kaikam NComp alien aggreg: a variety of melon seed (with black seeds) to:ta-kaikam NComp alien aggreg [(1st pers sg: -to:ta-kaikam=ga); distr: to:ta-kakaikam]: a variety of melon seed (with white seeds) vepeg-kaikam NComp alien aggreg: a variety of melon seeds (one(s) with red seeds)

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kai-/ kaime kai-kuul NComp alien mass [1st pers sg: -kai-kuul=ga]: cactus fruit jam in which
some of the seeds are left

kai-kuult VComp tr [Neutr: def and hort kai-kuult]: to make cactus fruit jam (leaving
seeds in) out of obj

kail see Vtr kailid= to notify obj kail see Vreflex 'e-kailid= to announce oneself kailid Vtr [Neutr: def kail; hort kailid]: to notify obj (same as kaijid)
ex: Hek hu ab o kail. You should have notified me earlier.

kailid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-kail; hort and indef 'e-kailid]: to announce oneself (same as
'e-kaijid) ex: Ga:j hu a(<va) 'i 'amje o 'o(<'e)kail. From way over there they will announce themselves.-- Hekid 'i no:nagk 'ekailid. After they turn back they announce themselves (when they are on their way back from the war, they usually announce themselves).

kailidam see Vtr kailidame= to go and notify obj kailidame Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def kailidam; hort kailidame]: to go and notify obj
(same as kaijidame)

kaim see Vtr kaime= to go and hear, listen to, obj kaim s- Vsubst tr: to wish to hear about obj
ex: Skaim 'a. I am eager to hear about it. -- Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i skaim. I am not interested in hearing it. -- ia k hekaj heg 'i a(<va) skaim mapt 'am o 'a:g. Well, that's why I am eager to hear what you will tell me. ha'icu s-kaim subst VExpr: to wish to hear the news ex: heghekaj mo ha'icu skaim.because they are eager to hear the news.-- Kut 'ea g hu hek hu 'ehemapa g hemajkam ha'icu skaim. Meanwhile the people had already gathered there eager to hear the news.

kaima in pi a 'i s-kaima Stat Expr: to pretend that one does not hear kaime Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see kaiyop) [Neutr: def kaim; hort and indef kaime]: to
go and hear, listen to, obj ex: Napt 'am o kaim hega'i 'o'odham mat hab o io? Are you on your way to listen to that fellow talk? -- Ku heg kaime. I (usually) go and listen to him.

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kaimk/ kai kaimk s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-kaimk. Dur: s-kaimka-d]: to be eager to hear about obj
ex: Nap hab a 'elid mat o skaimkad 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga? Do you think that he will be eager to hear this story?

kaimk s-cu- Stat sgs [Neutr: indef and def s-cu-kaimk. Dur: s-cu-kaimka-d. Interr: s-cukaimka-him]: to be curious to hear things ex: Heg 'o scukaimk/ ha'icu skaimk. He is curious.

kaimkam s-cu- N subst: one who is curious to hear things

ex: hega'i scukaimkam / ha'icu skaimkam: that curious one

kaipig Vtr [Neutr: def kaip; hort kaipig; imper sgs kaipiga-]: to take out the seeds, pit,
stone, of obj ex: Ge 'o kai, 'apt gm hu o kaip! Unex pectedly it has seeds, remove them from it! -- Nt o kaip g 'i:bhai. I'll remove the seedy core of the 'i:bhai (one is not supposed to eat it, although it tastes good).

kaip see Vtr kaipig= to take out the seeds, pit, stone, of obj kais s- N subst sg [pl: s-kakais]: rich
ex: Hacikpaid g skakais. He works for the rich. -- D(<vu) 'o skais Ju:kam. He is a rich Mexican.

kais vu s- Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu s-kais; def vu s-kais=k. Dur: vu
s-kais=ka-d. Interr: vu skais=ka-him); pls: vu s-kakais]: to be a rich one ex: No o(<vu) skais? Is he a rich person? -- Pi 'i(<'a) u skais. I am not a rich person. -- D(<vu) 'ant o skaisk. I will be a rich person. -- Vu cum skaiskahim. He used to be a rich person.

kaiscud s- Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def s-'e-kaisc; hort s-'e-kaiscud]: to become rich
ex: Heg 'at s'ekaisc. He has become rich.

kaisim s- Adv sg: richly

ex: Hega'i 'o'odham skaisim cu'ig. That fellow seems to be rich.

kaiskadma vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-kakaiskadma]: to be one that appears to be

a rich person ex: K hab hi u skaiskadma. I thought he was a rich person.

kai see Vtr kaip= to catch and hold obj between one's legs

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kaic/ kakaicudahim kaic (contr of *kahic) semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef kaic. Dur: kaici-dl: to have obj
caught between one's legs ex: Kaic g kavyu. He is riding bareback.

kaip (contr of *kahi p) Vtr Unit [Neutr: def kai ; hort kaip; imper sgs kaipa-]: to
catch and hold obj between one's legs

kait Vintr [Neutr: def kait. Interr: kaita-himl: to make, get, seeds
ex: Kait 'at g pilka. The wheat has made seeds. -- Kaitahim 'o. It's getting seeds.

kaivanaku N indiv sg: seed-separating machine (same as kaihunaku) kaiya see Vdtr kaiyam= to ask somebody about obj kaiyam Vdtr [Neutr: def kaia; hort and indef kaiyam. Dur: kaiyama-d. Interr: kaiyamahim]: to ask somebody about obj ex: Kut 'ab o ha'icu mkaiya. He will question you.--Pi g 'ab hu kaiyam. Don't ask me about it/him! -- Pi g 'ab hu ha'icu kaiyam! Don't question me! --Cum 'o hekid ha'icu hakaiyam. He is always asking questions (to people). -- ... k hab ha'icu 'i 'ep kaiyam 'ep. ...and thus he asks him some more questions.--Himk 'am 'i hakaiyamahim 'i:da'a 'ali! Go and inquire around (to people) about this child!

kaiyo see Vtr kaiyop= to go and listen to obj kaiyok, kaiyoka'i see Vtr ka:= to hear obj kaiyop Vtr pls (for sgs see kaime) [Neutr: def kaio; indef kayop]: to go listen to obj
ex: Kuc heg kaiyop. We usually go and listen to it/him. -- Kuc heg kaiyopc hab cu'ijig. We come to listen to him, as can be surmised from our behavior.

kakai see N kai= seeds of kakaicu (redupl of *kaicu) N aggreg: mountain quail; name of a star
ex: Kakaicu 'an ge si:voda. The quail has a topknot (of feathers). -- Kakaicu 'an ge sisvoda. Quails have topknots (of feathers).

kakaicudahim (redupl of* kaicudahim) Vtr Interr: to let obj know that one is
approaching by making repeated characteristic noises ex: Nt o ho(<ha)kakaicudahi. I'll announce myself to them.

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kakaicudahim/ kakammialt kakaicudahim (redupl of *kaicudahim) Vreflex Interr: to announce that one is
approaching by making repeated characteristic noises. ex: 'ab o 'o(<'e)kakaicudahid. he announces himself by making repeated noises.

kakaicug s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kakkaicug): to be full of quail in one
location

kakaidacug[i]him (redupl of *kaidacug[i] him) Vreflex Interr: to move while

announcing that one is approaching by making repeated characteristic noises

kakaiga'am-u:k/ kakiaga'am-u:k/ kakaigi'am-u:k NComp: a pair of

rawhide sandals (same as kaigia-u:k)

kakaij see N kaij= saguaro cactus seeds kakaijka see N kaijka= seeds put away for planting kakaijkata see N kaijkata= seeds (being) put away for planting kakaim s-ta Adv: interesting to hear, listen to
ex: Stakakaim 'eje:gidahim. They had an interesting meeting.

kakaima s-ta- Stat [Neutr: indef s-ta-kakaima; def s-ta-kakaima=k. Dur: s-takakaima=ka-d]: to be interesting to hear, listen to ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-kakaima g je:gida. The meeting is interesting (to listen to).

kakaimakam s-ta- subst: one interesting to hear, listen to kakais see s- N s-kais= rich kakais see Stat Expr vu s-kais= to be a rich one kakaiskadma see Stat s-kaiskadma= to seem to be a rich person kakalia see N kalia= stallion kakaliaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kaliaig)= to be full of stallions kakalssida see N kals:da= sock, stocking kakalan see N kalan= a pair of shorts, panties kakami see N kami= shirt kakamicud Vdtr mult (for sing see kamicud) [Neutr: def kakamic; hort
kakamicud]: to make shirts out of obj for somebody

kakammialt Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-kammi'alt): to make several exchanges
with each other

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kakampa/ kakiogid kakampa see N kampa= bell kakampa see Stat Expr vu kampa:= to be a bell kakampo see N kampo= whiskers, sideburns kakanaho see N kanaho= boat, canoe kakanahog s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of boats, canoes in one location kakanjul see N kanjul= candle kak[a]ug s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ka:ug): to be full of sugar cane
plants, sorghum in various locations

kakavag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ka:vag): to be full of badgers invarious
locations

kakavul see N ka:vul= sheep kakavulig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ka:vulig): to be full of sheep in
several locations

kakavyu see N kavyu= horse kakavyuga see Stat kavyuga= to have a horse kakavyuga s- Stat: to have lots of horses kakavyugakam see N subst kavyugakam= one having a horse kakavyugakam s- N subst: one having lots of horses kakavyumk see Stat s-kavyumk= to be fond of horses kakaya see N ka:ya =street kakayag see Stat impers ka:yag= there is a street somewhere kakddodi see N kad:di= marble kakio see N kahio= leg kakiobin Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-kahiobin) [Neutr: def 'e-kakiob; hort 'ekakiobin]: to cross one's legs

kakiogid Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-kahiogid) [Neutr: indef 'e-kakiogid]: to move
one's legs

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kakiokam/ kakkiobins kakiokam see N subst kahiokam= one with a leg kakiova Vintr mult (for sing see kahiova) sgs: to bump one's legs kakkaicug s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kakaicug): to be full of quails in
various locations

kakkaijka see N kaijka= seeds reserved for planting kakkalia see N kalia= stallion kakkalan see N kalan= a pair of shorts, panties kakkami see N kami= shirt kakkanjul see N kanjul= candle kakkavul see N ka:vul= sheep kakkavyu see N kavyu= horse kakkavyuga see Stat kavyuga= to have a horse kakke Vtr: to try out a musical instrument
ex: M(<'am) g 'i kakke g 'ekuiku! Try out your flute! -- Pi 'im(<'am) hu hig 'i hakakke g 'ekukuiku kus 'am a(<va) s'ap hab o cei! Try out your flutes (to see that) they sound fine.

kakke Vdtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef kakke; imper pl kakke-yo. Dur: kakke-d. Interr:
kakkehim]: to ask somebody about obj (same as kaiyam) ex: Nt o kakke matp o 'o'odhamaj io. I'll ask him to speak 'O'odham. -- M(<'am) g kakke! Why don't you(sg) ask him about it/him!-- M(<'am) g o kakke! Why don't you(pl) ask him about it/him! -- Kakke! Ask him about it/him!-- Kakkeyo! Ask (you pl) him about it/him! -- Cum 'o hekid ha'icu hakakke. He is always asking questions (to people). - ..mat hema vo cum kakked! ..even if someone in vain keeps on asking me about it.-Pi g 'ab hu kakked! Don't be asking me about it constantly! -- 'I hakakkehim. He is going around inquiring about it/him (to people).

kakkeim s- Vsubst dtr: to feel like asking somebody about obj

ex: 'A ha'icu cum smkakkeim. I'd like to ask you a question (something).

kakkio see N kahio= leg kakkio Stat Distr (for Unit see kahio): to have legs
ex: Se:k o kakkiokc no:nhai. Each one of them will have straight legs and arms.

kakkiobins s- Stat reflex: to be intersected in many places (same as

s-'e-kakkiobi) ex: S'ekakkiobins g vo:g. The main road is intersected in many places.

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kakkiobi/ kalia kakkiobi s- Stat reflex: to be intersected in many places such as a checkerboard
(same as s-'e-kakkiobins) ex: S'ekakkiobi 'o. It (a road) is intersected in many places.

kakkiobiim s- Adv reflex: with lines that intersect each other

ex: S'ekakkiobiim 'o'ohoag. It's a design with lines that intersect each other.

kakklit see N kalit= wagon kakllina see N kal:na= chain kaklit see N kalit= wagon kakma-je:j see N ka'ama-je'e= daughter-in-law; mother-in-law kakma-je:jim 'e- NComp: a pair with a daughter in-law and her mother-in-law kakmmiya see N kamya= camel kaknnova see N kan:va= trough kakpaid Vtr pls (for sgs see kapaid) [Neutr: indef kakpaid. Dur: kakpaida-d]: to
get obj to make a slapping noise (same as kakpsid) ex: Vo ho(<ha)kakpaidad g 'eno:nhai. They will be clapping their hands again and again.

kakpsid Vtr pls (for sgs see kapsid) [Neutr: def kakps; hort kakpsid]: to get obj to
make a slapping noise (same as kakpaid) ex: Vo ho(<ha)kakps g 'eno:nhai. They will clap their hands.

kakpsid Vtr plo (for sgo see kapsid) [Neutr: def kakps; hort kakpsid]: to give obj a
physical examination ex: Nt o 'om(<'em)kakps. I'll give you(pl) a physical.

kaksipul N aggreg: little bells on the pasko'ola dancer's belt kakvh: see N kavh: = coffee kakvhiddila see N kavhid:la = coffee pot kalia (Span: garaon) N alien [pl: kakalian; distr: kakkalian]: stallion kalia vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a stallion
ex: 'Ea 'al sgak hega'i kavyu vu ge kalia. Although that horse is quite skinny, he is an unusual stallion.

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kaliaig/ kamicud kaliaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kakaliaig): to be full of stallions in one
location

kalit (Span: carreta) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kalita-j; instr: kalit-kaj);
pl: kaklit; distr: kakklit]: wagon ex: Kalitkaj 'ant o ha'i mo:t. I'll carry some of them with the wagon. u'ihindam-kalit NComp indiv [pl: u'ihindam-kaklit]: wheelbarrow vainom-kalit NComp indiv [pl: vainom-kaklit]: wagon (of a train)

kalit-cimun N Comp (?) indiv [pl: kaklit-cicimun]: wagon tiller kalit-sikolag NComp (?) indiv [pl: kalit-si'iskolag]: wagon wheel kalit-vo:g NComp indiv [sg (loc: kalit-vo:g-c-'e); pl: kaklit-vopog]: wagon road (a
road wide enough for a wagon)

kal:na (Span: cadena) N indiv [pl: kaklilina]: chain (also called kuiom-vaivom[]) kals:da (Span: calzado) N indiv [pl: kakalssida]: sock, stocking kalan/ kalsan (Span: calzon) N inalien indiv [pl: kakalan/ kakalsan; distr:
kakkalan/ kakkalsan]: a pair of shorts, panties

kalt:ja/ka:tuji (Span: cartucho) N: bullet kalva (Span: garbanzos) N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg: -kalva=ga); distr: kaklva]:
chickpeas

kalvaag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of chickpeas in one location kalvaga Stat: to have chickpeas kam see Vtr kam = to put obj in one's mouth kami (Span: camisa) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kamia-j); pl: kak[a]mi ; distr:
kakkami]: shirt veco-kmi NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: veco-kmia-j); pl: vepcokkami; distr: vepco-kkkami]: undershirt, T-shirt

kamicud Vdtr sing (for mult see kakamicud) [Neutr: def kamic; hort kamicud]:
to make a shirt out of obj for somebody

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kamit/ kam kamit V tr sing [Neutr: def and hort kamit]: to make a shirt out of obj kamya (Span: camello) N alien indiv [pl: kakmmiya]: camel kammi'alt (Span: cambiar) Vtr [Neutr: def kammi'al/ kammi'alt; hort kammi'alt]: to
change, exchange obj ex: Nt o kammi'alt 'i:da'a 'ipu mat 'in o a(< va) 'i hugk. I'll make this dress into a skirt.

kammi'alt Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-kakammi'alt): to make an exchange with
each other ex: Tt o tkammi'alt! Let's make an exchange!

kam:di (Span: camote) N aggreg: sweet potatoes

ex: Nt o ha'i cuama g kam:di. I'll bake (in a pit) a few sweet potatoes.

kam:dig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of sweet potatoes in a single location kampa (Span: campaa) N indiv [pl: kakampa]: bell kampa vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu kakampa]: to be a bell
ex:tp hascu u(<vu) 'i kakampac 'in 'i hana:ngi'a. they were some kind of bell and he had hung them on (to his belt).

kampa-'a:jim NComp inalien [loc: kampa-'a:jim-t-'ab]: the mare who carries a bell
around her neck in a group of horses let loose to graze; the whole group of horses with one mare carrying a bell around her neck

kampo N inalien indiv [pl: kakampo]: whiskers, sideburns kams- see Vtr kam = to put obj in one's mouth kams see Vdtr kamsid = to put obj into somebody's mouth kamsid Vdtr [Neutr: def kams; hort kamsid]: to put obj into somebody's mouth
ex: B(<'ab) 'at si kams. He forced it into my mouth. -- B(<'ab) g kamsid! Put it into his mouth!

kam Vtr Unit (for Repet see kama) [Neutr: def kam; hort kam. Interr: kams[i]him]: to put obj into one's mouth (same as kamp) ex: T ga hu o kam. He will put it (the meat) in his mouth. -- Pi g 'ab hu kam! Don't put it in your mouth! -- Kamshim 'o g voto. He is about to put the button in his mouth.

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kam/ kap kam see Vtr kamp = to put obj into one's mouth kamc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef kamc. Dur: kamci-d]: to have obj in one's mouth
ex: B(<'ab) 'o kamc. He has it in his mouth.

kamp Vtr Unit (for Repet see kamap) [Neutr: def kam; hort kamp[]]: to put obj
in one's mouth (same as kam) ex: Pi g 'ab hu kamp! Don't put it into your mouth!

kama Vtr Repet (for Unit see kam) [Neutr: indef kama]: to put obj in one's mouth
repeatedly (same as kamap) ex: ga hu haha'a kama. Then he put it in his mouth repeatedly (hearsay).

kamap Vtr Repet (for Unit see kamp) [Neutr: indef kamap. Dur: kamapa-d.
Interr: kamapa-him]: to put obj into one's mouth repeatedly (same as kama) ex: Pi g 'ab hu kamapad! Don't be putting it into your mouth all the time!

kanaho N inalien indiv [pl: kakanaho]: boat, canoe kanahocud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def kanahoc; hort kanahocud]: to make a boat/ canoe out
of obj for somebody

kanahot Vtr sing: to make a boat/ canoe out of obj kanjul (Span: candela) N inalien indiv [pl: kakanjul; distr: kakkanjul]: candle, light
ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<a) skeg me:mhe g kakanjul? Are the candles still burning nicely? ma:gina-kanjul Comp indiv [pl: ma:gina-kakanjul]: car light (same as ma:ginala:mba) mehedam-kanjul NComp: candle that is continually burning, as in church

kanjul-bi:t NComp: candle drippings

ex: 'I celvin g kanjul-bi:t 'an mi:sa da:m! Scrape the candle drippings off the table!

kan:va N alien indiv [pl: kaknnova]: trough kant:na/ kant:n (Span: cantina) N: bar kap see Vintr kapa = to make a slapping noise; to go through a physical examination

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kapava/ kaps kapava Vintr [Neutr: def and hort kapava. Interr: kapavu-him (assim of *kapavihim)]: to dance the leaping dance (a ceremonial dance performed during Enemy Slayer's purification ceremony. It is a graphic representation of a man in battle performed with the warrior's own weapons) ex: T o kapava. (I hear that) they are going to dance the leaping dance. -- Kapavuhim 'o. They are dancing the leaping dance.

kapavadam N aggreg: dancer(s) of the leaping dance kapavadam vu Stat Expr: to be the dancers of the leaping dance
ex: Hegam u kapavadam. Those are the dancers of the leaping dance.

kapainaag s- Stat: to be good at trotting

ex: Skapainaag g kavyu. A horse is good at trotting.

kapainahim Vintr Interr: to go trot (same as cepoinahim)

ex: Nt o kapainahi. I'll go trot (with interruptions).

kap[a] Vintr [Neutr: def kap; hort and indef kapa; imper sgs kap[a]i-. Correl:
kapa-k; immed: kapa-ka-'i. Compl: kapa-ok; immed: kapa-oka-'i. Dur: kap[a]i-d. Interr: kapa[i]-him]: to make a slapping noise (like a slap on the face, a whip) once ex: T o kap g geviku. The whip will crack. -- Kapai! Make a slapping noise! -T o kapaid g geviku. The whip will be cracking again and again. -- Kapahim 'o. He is making a slapping sound (as he walks away). --T o kapihid. He will be making a slapping sound (as he walks along).

kapa Vintr [Neutr: def kap]: to go through a physical examination (to make a slapping
noise with one's penis) ex: Nt o 'om(<'am) a(<va) kap. I passed a physical examination.

kap[a]id Vtr sgs (for pls see kakpaid) [Neutr: def kapa; hort kapaid]: to get obj
to make a slapping noise (same as kapsid) ex: Kapaida g 'enonhai! Clap your hands!

kap[a]im s- Adv: with a slapping sound

ex: Skapim 'i gei. It fell down with a slapping sound.

kapa Vintr [Neutr: indef kapa]: to make reiterated slapping sounds

ex: Cum hekid 'o kapa. He makes reiterated slapping sounds all the time.

kaps see Vtr kapsid = to give obj a physical examination

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kapsid/ kav[h]a[i]n kapsid Vtr sgs (for pls see kakpsid) [Neutr: def kaps; hort kapsid]: to get obj to make
a slapping noise ex: Kapsida g 'enonhai! Clap your hands! -- Kapsida g 'egeviku! Crack your whip!

kapsid Vtr sgo (for plo see kakpsid) [Neutr: def kaps; hort kapsid]: to give obj a
physical examination (to make somebody's penis slap)

kapsidame Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see kapsido) [Neutr: def 'e-kapsidam; hort 'ekapsidame]: to go and get a physical examination (for men only) ex: Nt o kapsidam. I'll go and get a physical examination.

kapsido Vreflex pls (for sgs see kapsidame) [Neutr: def 'e-kapsido]: to go and get
a physical examination (for men only) ex: T o 'o(<'e)kapsido. (I hear) they are going to go and get a physical examination.

kavak N: war shield kava see Vtr kav[h]a[i]n = to quarrel with obj kava see Vreflex 'e-kav[h]a[i]n = to quarrel with each other kava Vintr [Neutr: indef kava]: to make a crunching noise
ex: M(<'am) hi a(<va) ha'icu kava. There is something down there (I think) that is making a crunching noise.

kav[a]im s- Adv: making a crunching noise

ex: M hi a(<va) ha'icu skavim ku:m. He is chewing on something that makes a crunching noise (such as celery).

kavhai see Vtr kav[h]a[i]n = to quarrel with ob j kavhai see Vreflex 'e-kav[h]a[i]n = to quarrel with each other kav[h]a[i]n (met of *kavahin) Vtr [Neutr: def kavhai; hort kavhain; imper sgs
kavhaina-; indef kava (met of *kavahin). Dur: kavai-d. Interr: kava[i]-him]: to quarrel with obj once ex: T o mkavhai. He is going to pick a quarrel with you. -- Pt o kavhai! Pick a quarrel with him! -- Pi g 'am kavhain! Don't pick a quarrel with him! -- Cum 'o hekid hakava. He quarrels with people constantly. -- Pi g 'am kavaid! Don't be quarreling with him constantly! -- Heg 'at o 'i hakavahi. He keeps picking a quarrel with peopl (with interruptions).

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kav[h]a[i]n/ kavho kav[h]a[i]n (met of *kavahin) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-kavhai; hort 'e-kavhain; indef 'ekava. Dur: 'e-kavai-d. Interr: 'e-kava[i]-him]: to quarrel with each other once ex: 'Ekava. They quarrel with each other.

kavhai (met of *kavahi) Vtr: to quarrel reiteratedly with obj kavhai (met of *kavahi) Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-kavhai. Dur: 'e-kavhai a-d]: to
quarrel reiteratedly with each other ex: Hekid 'i 'i(<'e)ee'idc hemho a(<va) 'ekavhai. Every time they see each other they quarrel without failing.

kavhid:la (Span: cafetera) N indiv [pl: kakvhiddila]: coffee pot (pot in which coffee is
served and brought to the table)

kavh: (Span: cafe) N alien mass [(1st pers sg: -kavh:=ga); distr: kakvh:]: coffee
ex: 'Iava 'ant g kavh:ga. I spilled my coffee.-- Tt hig o tpi:hunk o 'i: g kavh:. Let's take a break and drink coffee!

kavh: (Span: cafe) N alien aggreg: coffee beans

ex: Nt o sito g kavh:. I'll roast the coffee beans.

Kavh:-Cikam NComp (?) : a nick name (coffee drinker) kavh:cud Vdtr [Neutr: def kavh:c; hort kavhi:cud]: to make coffee out of obj for
somebody ex: Nant 'am o ho(<ha) mkavhi:c? Shall I make you some coffee? -- M(<'am) g kavhi:cud mant o jivhid! Make me some coffee when I am about to arrive (come back).

kavh:-mo:g NComp mass: coffee grounds

kavh:-mo:g vu Stat Expr: to be coffee grounds ex: D(<vu) ab 'i kavh:-mo:g 'am ta:sac'e. There are only coffee grounds (left) in the cup.

kavh:-sitoi NComp alien aggreg: roasted coffee beans kavh:t Vtr [Neutr: def and hort kavhi:t]: to make coffee (out of obj)
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) kavh:t. I'll make some coffee.

kavh:taku N: pan in which coffee is made, coffee maker kavho see ka:ho = box

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kavk/ kavu kavk s- Adj sg [pl: s-kavpk]: hard/ difficult/ strict/ severe
ex: M(<'am) 'apt o bei g skavk 'u:s! Get a hard stick! -- skavk vainom= hard metal

kavk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-kavk. Dur: s-kavka-d. Interr: skavka-him); pls:
s-kavpk]: to be hard/ difficult/ strict/ severe ex: 'I:da'a cikpan 'o skavk. This work is hard.-- a 'a(<'o) va 'i skavk hega'i 'o:g. My father is quite strict.

kavka Vintr sgs (for pls see kavpka) [Neutr: def kavka. Interr: kavka-him]: to become
hard, difficult, strict, severe ex: Kavkahim 'o g jevu. The ground is getting hard.

kavk[a]d Vtr sgo (for plo see kavpk[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort kavkad; imper
sgs kavkda-]: to harden, tighten obj; to temper (metal); to wind up (a clock) ex: Nt o kavkad g kalit-u:k. I'll tighten the metal binding (the rim of a wagon wheel).-'I kavkad g ta! Wind up the clock!

kavkadacud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def kavkadac; hort kavkadacud]: to temper obj for
somebody

kavkadaku N indiv [pl: kavpkadakud]: a tool to tighten; a tool to temper (metal) kavkam s- Adv sg: in a hard/ tight/ strict way
ex: Skavkam ealivad. He is wearing tight pants.-- Si g skavkam hab ju! Make it real hard!

kavk-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of prickly pear fruit (hard 'i:bhai) kavpk see s- Adj s-kavk = hard, difficult, strict, severe kavpk see Stat s-kavk = to be hard, difficult, strict, severe kavpka Vintr pls (for sgs see kavka) [Neutr: def kavpka. Interr: kavpka-him]: to
become hard/ difficult/ strict/ severe

kavpkad Vtr plo (for sgo see kavk[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort kavpkad]: to harden/
tighten obj; to temper (a piece of metal); to wind up (a clock)

kavu s- Adv: short

ex: Skavu g vulp! Tie him (the horse) short (close to a tree or post)!

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kavuk/ kavyukavuk Adj sg [pl: ka'akvuk]: short-legged

ex: 'Al kavuk u 'uv. She is a kkind of short-legged woman.

kavuk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef kavuk); pls: ka'akvuk]: to be short-legged

ex: 'Al kavuk hega'i 'uv. That girl is kind of short-legged.

kavuka 'e-N [pl: 'e-ka'akvuka]: association (people grouped together) kavukad Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort kavukad]: to assemble obj into one bundle kavukad Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-ka'akvukad) [Neutr: def and hort 'ekavukad. Interr: 'e-kavukada-him]: to assemble, to form into one group ex: 'Ekavukadahim 'o. They are forming into a group.

kavulk N indiv [pl: ka'akvulk]: hill with rocks and boulders

ex: Smu'ij g ka'akvulk. There are many hills.-- ..ka'akvulk o:on 'ama'i. .. down at the foot of the hills.

kavulk Stat impers Unit sing [mult: ka'avulk]: there is a hill with rocks and boulders
(same as kavulkag) ex: ..'am hu hema kavulk g hu hab ha'ap. ..there is a hill way over there. -- 'ea g hu hab me:k 'am 'al kavulkc 'am jegko 'am 'al kavulk. Meanwhile, far in that direction, there was (hearsay) a kind of a hill and the hill was in a flat and open expanse of land.

kavulkag Stat impers Unit sing [mult: ka'akvulkag]: there is a hill with rocks and
boulders in one location ex: ..'am heba'i 'al kavulkagc gda:m hato'ak.somewhere there was a kind of a hill and having put them on top of it.

kavyu (Span: caballo) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kavyu=ga-j; loc kavyu-t~ab; instr
kayiu-kaj); pl: kakavyu; distr: kakkavyu]: horse ex: B(<'ab) g 'i ge: g kavyukaj 'ab vaika gahi! Cross (coming this way) the ditch with the horse! -- Kavyu 'i totag 'in 'ecin 'an. The horse is foaming at the (his) mouth. kavyu vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu kakavyu]: to be a horse ex: ..gami hu s'ap u o kavyuk. ..from now on you will be a good horse.

kavyu-bayoka NComp indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kavyu-bayoka-j); pl: kavyu-babyoka]:
horse collar

kavyu-bi:t NComp alien mass [3rd pers sg kavyu-bi:t=ga-j]: horse manure

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kavyu-/ ka'akvulkag kavyu-bi:tga Stat Comp: to have horse manure

ex: Nap ge kavyu-bi:tga? Do you have horse manure by any chance? kavyu-bi:tga s-Stat Comp: to have a lot of horse manure ex: Skavyu-bi:tga 'a. I have a lot of horse manure.

kavyucud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def`'e-kavyuc; hort 'e-kavyucud]: to behave like a horse,
to turn into a horse ex: Heg 'at o a(<va) hejel 'ekavyuc hega'i keli. He will turn into a horse, that old man.

kavyug s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of horses in one location

ex: a 'i skavyug 'i:ya'a. There are lots of horses here.

kavyuga Stat sing [mult: kakavyuga; distr: kakkavyuga]: to have a horse

ex: He'ekia 'ap 'i kakavyuga? How many horses do you(sg) have? -- Hehe'ekia 'am 'i kakkavyuga? How many horses does each one of you have?

kavyugakam N subst sing [mult: kakavyugakam]: one having a horse kavyu-ma NComp: colt (mare's child) kavyumk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-kaviumk); pls: s-kakaviumk]: to
be fond of horses ex: Skavyumk 'o. He is fond of horses.-- Skakavyumk 'o. They are fond of horses.

kavyumkam s- N subst: one who is fond of horses ka'aba (dial: ka:kba) N inalien indiv [pl: ka:ka'aba]: deceased paternal
grandmother (ka:k)

ka'akvuk see Adj kavuk = short-legged ka'akvuk see Stat ka'akvuk = to be short legged ka'akvuka see N 'e-kavuka = association ka'akvukad Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-kavukad) [Neutr: def and hort 'eka'akvukad. Interr: 'e-ka'akvukada-him]: to assemble, to form into several groups

ka'akvulk see N kavulk = hill ka'akvulk see Stat impers kavulk = there is a hill ka'akvulkag see Stat impers kavulkag = there is a hill

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ka'akvulkag/ ka: ka'akvulkag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of hills with rocks and boulders in one
location

ka'ama N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ka'amaa-j); pl: ka:k[a]ma]: grandchild (term
used by father's mother to address/ refer to her son's children; the reciprocal term is ka:k) ex: Mu'idahim 'o g ka:kma. The number of my grandchildren is increasing.

ka'ama-je'e (elis of *ka'ama-je'e) NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ka'ama-je'ej); pl: kakma-je:j]: daughter-in-law; mother-in-law (mother of son's child, ego being a woman)

ka:-

ka: semi Stat [Neutr: def and indef ka:. Dur: ka:=ka-d. Compl: ka:-yok; immed: ka:yoka-'i]: to hear obj, to be listening to obj ex: Napt ka:? Did you hear it (the noise has stopped)? -- Nap ka:? Do you hear it (the noise is still audible)? --Pi 'i(<'an) ka:. I don't hear it/him --a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'ab ka:? What is that noise that you're listening to? --Vaha(<haha) 'a a(<va) ka: m'ab kaidaghim. Now I hear him approaching. -- Skaidam g niok matt hab o mka:. Speak loud so that we can (will) hear you(sg). -- Skaidam g niok kutt o mka: map has kaij. Speak louder so that we hear whatever you are saying.-- Tp ga hu 'i haka:yok va hekaj vo:p 'am do'ag vui. Having heard them, right away they ran toward the mountain.--ia t 'am hab ka:yok 'am e'iopa. Well, having heard it, they ran out (of the house). -- g hae'i 'am ka:yoka'i after hearing their singing. ha'icu ka:: to be able to hear ex: Hegam pi ceckaidkam 'at o ha'icu ka:. The deaf will (become able to) hear. vab ka: Stat Expr: to be only hearing, listening to, obj wihout believing him, to let obj talk ex: Pi 'o a 'i voho, 'an g o hu ab ka:kad g 'o'odham matp 'an hab o kaijid! It's not true, (why don't you pl) let the people talk (just listen to whatever they say)! -- N(<'an) g hu ab haka:kad! (why don't you sg) let them talk (just listen to them)!

ka: Stat tr: to know about obj from hearsay

ex: Ha-'a-haka: ma koko. I hear that they are sick.-- M(<'am) 'aptp a(<va) ka: ma mumkuhim? Have you heard that I have been sick? ha'icu ka: Stat Expr: to have news, to know the news ex: Nap ha'icu 'i ka:? Do you have any news?

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ka:c/ ka:ck ka:c Stat Unit (for Distr see ka:kc) sgs (for pls see ve:c) [Neutr: indef ka:c; def
ka:c=k. Dur: ka:c=ka-d. Interr: ka:c=ka-him]: to be somewhere in a lying or spreading position ex: Ba: 'o ka:c g koto? Where is my shirt (lying)? -- 'An 'o ka:c g maliv mi:sa da:m. Your pants are (lying) on the table. --Mi:sa da:m 'o ka:c g 'o'ohon. A book is (lying) on the table.--N(<'an) 'o ka:c g pa:n. The bread (one piece) is lying there (on something). -M'ia ka:c. It's lying right there (on the floor). -- ..hega'i mo g hu ka:c mvasib. .. that water container of yours which is lying over there. -- 'Ea 'am ka:c g 'aj-vo:g ka'akvulk o:on 'ama'i. Meanwhile there was a horsepath at the foot of the hills. -- mo 'ea g bihugig ka:c 'ea.at that moment there was starvation all over.

ka:c Stat sgs (for pls see ceve) [Neutr: indef ka:c; def ka:c=k. Dur: ka:c=ka-d. Interr:
ka:c=ka-him]: to be dwelling, living (with animate referent) ex: N(<'an) 'i a ka:c. I live here. -- 'l a (<'a) ka:c hejel. I live here alone. -- Hejel 'ant vi'ik 'i a ka:c. I live here having been left by myself.-- B(<'ab) 'o ka:ckahim. He used to live up there.

ka:cim N subst sg (with inanimate referent): in a lying or spreading position

ex:'ab kei huig vui ka:cim vo:g. (l) set foot on the road lying toward the west. da:m-ka:cim NComp alien [3rd pers sg da:m-ka:cim=ga-j; loc: da:m-ka:cim-c-'e]: Heaven da:m-ka:cim-'o'odham NComp alien aggreg: angel(s) ex: da:m-ka:cim-'o'odhamgaj g Jio= the angel(s) of God. jevu-ka:cim NComp (?): the surface of the world, the earth ex: Vesko eid g jevu-ka:cim 'an hab cu'ig. She has seen what the world is like. -Napt o tonol g jevu-ka:cim? Are you going to give light to the world? tda:m-ka:cim NComp inalien [loc: tda:m-ka:cim-c-'e,tda:mka:cimt'ab]: sky (us above that which is lying, spreading) si ka:cim ega NExpr sg: preserved possession si kacim 'eega vu Stat Expr: to be one's preserved possession ex: G hu (<vu) si ka:cim 'ega. Over there are my preserved possessions. 'O'dham si ka:cim ha'icu-'a:ga NExpr: story about the traditions of the 'O'odham

ka:cim vu Stat Expr sgs (with inanimate referent): to be something in a lying position
ex: 'Am 'o (<vu) ka:cim g ki:-vakusag. The floor is a spreading surface.

ka:cim s- Adv sg (with inanimate referent): in a lying, spreading position

ex: 'Ab hugk 'am ska:cim cu'ig. No longer does it seem to be lying there.

ka:ck N: ocean (where water is spreading; also called ka:ck-u:dag or ge-ka:ck)

ge-ka:ck NComp [loc: ge-ka:ck-c-'e]: ocean (also called ka:ck-u:dagi`)

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ka:ck-/ ka:kam[a]am ka:ck-u:dag NComp [loc: ka:ck-u:dag-c-'e]: ocean, sea (also called ka:ck and geka:ck)

ka:ho /kahon/ kavho (Span: cajon) N indiv [pl: kakaho/ kakon/ kakavho]: box ka:k N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ka:ka-j); pl: ka:ka'a/ka:ka'ag]: paternal
grandmother, father's mother; father's mother's elder sister (the reciprocal term is ka'ama)

ka:k vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's paternal grandmother

ex: pen u ab ka:kaj. My mistake, she was his paternal grandmother.

ka:k hab/has Stat with hab: to have a certain (specified) taste; with has: to have a
strange (unspecified) taste ex: a: 'o ka:k/ K has ka:k? What does it taste like?-- S'ap 'o hob(<hab) ka:k. It tastes nice.-- Ku a 'i s'ap hab ka:k. It tastes quite good (hearsay).--Pi 'ap hab ka:k. It does not taste good. -- B(<hab) 'o ka:k mo g 'aav. It tastes like the aavi gourd.--Si has ka:k. It has a strange taste.-- B(<'ab) g je:k 'i:da'a a: 'o ka:k! Why don't you taste this (and tell me) what it tastes like! --Has 'atp a(<va) ka:k. (I wonder) what kind of a taste it is. B(<hab) 'o a(<va) 'i ka:k mo g ka:k hab ka:k. It tastes like my grandmother tastes (a pun).

ka:ka see Vintr ka:kag= to croak ka:kag Vintr [Neutr: def ka:ka; indef ka:kag. Dur: ka:kaga-d. Interr: ka:kag[i]-him]: to
ex: Ha'as a(<va) ka:ka. It stopped croaking. --B(<'ab) 'o ka:kaghim g hava. The croaking of the crow is getting closer (the crow is coming this way croaking). -- Ka:kag 'o g hava. A crow croaks. -- T(<'at) o ka:kagad. It will be croaking on and on. -- T(<'at) u o a havac o ka:kagad. If it is a crow it will be croaking on and on.

ka:kam see N ka:m= cheek ka:kam s- Stat: to have big cheeks, to have a moon face
ex: Ska:kam 'o hega'i. He has a moon face (he has big cheeks).

ka:k[a]ma see N ka'ama= grandchild ka:kam[a]am 'e-N: a pair including a ka:k (paternal grandmother) and her ka'ama
(grandchild)

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ka:k[a]makam/ ka:mbo ka:k[a]makam vu Stat Expr mult: to be a paternal grandmother (one with grand
children) ex: D(<vu) 'a ka:kmakam. I am a (paternal) grandmother.

ka:kamkam s- N subst: one who has big cheeks, a moon face ka:kam-vepegijidaku NComp mass: facial rouge (cheeks reddener) ka:ka'a, ka:ka'ag see N ka:k = paternal grandmother ka:ka'aba see N ka'aba = deceased paternal grandmother ka:kba see ka'aba = deceased paternal grandmother ka:kc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef ka:kc. Dur: ka:kci-d]: to be listening attentively to obj,
to be paying attention to obj (such as a person talking, a noise) ex: B (<vab ) ka:kc da. He is just sitting listening to him/it.--'A heg 'an ab ka:kc hab a 'elid matp u o 'i hega'ik. Just listening to that (noise), it occurred to me that it might be her.-- Nt ab o ka:kcid mat has 'ab o kaijid. I'll just be listening to what he says.

ka:kc Stat Distr (for Unit see ka:c): to be here and there in a lying or spreading
position (used with inanimate subject) ex: ..heam u ha'o'oidag hegam 'o'oidag m'an ka:kc. ..whose fields are those fields which are here and there.

ka:kdag ha'icu ka:kdag NExpr: taste characteristic of something

'aav-ka:kdag NComp: aav gourd taste

ka:k keli NExpr inalien indiv: paternal grand uncle (father's mother's older brother; the
reciprocal term is ka'ama)

ka:k 'oks NExpr inalien indiv: paternal grand aunt (father's mother's elder sister; also
called simply ka:k; the reciprocal term is ka'ama)

ka:m N inalien indiv [sg (1rst pers sg -ka:kam; 3rd pers sg ka:ma-j) pl: ka:kam; 3rd
pers pl ha-ka:kam]: cheek

ka:ma (Span: cama) N: mattress ka:mbo (Span: campo) N indiv [pl: kakambo]: camp ka:mbova Vintr [Neutr: def and hort ka:mbova]: to camp, set camp

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ka:mbova/ kedkol ka:u/ka:a (Span: caa) N alien aggreg [ 3rd pers sg ka:u=ga-j]: sugar cane (the
plan); sorghum (the plant)

ka:ug s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kakaug): to be full of sugar cane plants,
sorghum in one location

ka:u-mudadag NComp: sugar cane tassel; sorghum tassel ka:u-toon NComp indiv [pl: ka:u-tooton]: sugar cane knot, ring in the stem ka:tuji/kaltu:ja (Span: cartucho) N aggreg: bullet ka:v N aggreg: badger
ex: Smu'ij g ka:v 'ama'i. Badgers are numerous down there.

ka:vag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kakavag): to be full of badgers in
one location

ka:vul (Span: carnero) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ka:vul=gaj); pl: kakavul; distr:
kakkavul]: sheep

ka:vulig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kakavulig): to be full of sheep in one
location

ka:ya (Span: calle) N alien indiv [sg (loc: ka:ya-t-'ab); pl: kakaya]: street; town ka:yag Stat impers Unit sing [mult: kakayag]: there is a street
ex: el ka:yag. There is a straight street.-- e'exel kakayag. There are straight streets.

ke-

kedkol see Vtr kedkolid= to tickle obj

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kedkolid/ kegculid kedkolid Vtr sgo (for plo see kekedkolid) [Neutr: def kedkol; hort and indef
kedkolid]: to tickle obj ex: Nt o mkedkol I am going to tickle you.-- Pi g 'am kedkolid! Don't tickle me! -- Cum hekid kedkolid. He tickles me constantly.

keg (with emphatic stress: ke:g) s-Mod sg refer [pl s-kekeg/ s-keheg (with emphatic
stress s-ke:keg/ s-ke:heg)]: pretty/ nice/ good/ well ex: Heg 'o skeg u 'uv. She is a beautiful girl. --Skekeg 'o 'u'uv 'a'alidag. He has beautiful daughters. pi keg i'ok Vintr: to use bad language, to swear ex: 'Am si pi keg io. He swore.

kega (with emphatic stress: ke:ga) Vintr sgs (for pls see kekega) [Neutr: def kega.
Interr: kega-him]: to become pretty/ nice/ good ex: Si 'itk(<'atk) kega. She has become very beautiful. --Si 'ok kegahim. She is getting very beautiful.

kegaj (with emphatic stress: ke:kaj) [s-]Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-kegaj; def s-kegaj=k.
Interr: s-kegaj=ka-him. Dur: s-kegaj=ka-d); pls: skekegaj/ s-kehegaj (with emphatic stress s-ke:kegaj, s-ke:hegaj)]: to be pretty/ nice/ good ex: No skegaj? Is it nice? --Skegaj 'o. It's nice. --Hega'i kavyu 'o skegaj. That horse is good. --Pi 'o kegaj. It's no good. --'U'uv 'a'alidaj 'o skekegaj. His daughters are beautiful. -- Pi 'o kegaj g je:jena 'am mveheji. Smoking is not good for you. --Skegajkahim 'o c hemu paaj. It used to be nice but now it is no good. --Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o na:to, t 'i ham o 'ol(<'al) skegajk. Soon I will have it finished, it will be somewhat nicer than now.

kegcud Vtr sgo (for plo see kekegcud) [Neutr: def kegc; hort and indef kegcud.
Correl: kegcud-k; immed: kegcid-ka-'i. Dur: kegcuda-d. Interr: kegcuda-him]: to fix/ prepare obj ex: Kutp ge ta 'am ab 'i kegcudahim g jeg 'ama'i. They spent the whole day cleaning the grounds over there. --..heg o kegcudk o gagt. ..clean it and make bows with it!

kegcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-kegc; hort 'e-kegcud]: to make oneself pretty, to fix
oneself up; to get fixed

kegcuda in ha'icu kegcuda NExpr: fixing, preparation

vaika kegcuda NExpr: ditch fixing

kegculid Vtr [Neutr: kegcul; hort kegculid]: to improve obj

ex: Nt o kegcul g ki:dag. I'll improve my standard of living.

kegculid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def kegcul; hort kegculid]: to fix obj for somebody

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kegcun/ kehiva kegcun Vtr sgo (for plo see kekegcun) [Neutr: def kegc; hort and indef kegcun]: to
clean obj ex: ..k si 'i kegc g civoj. .. and he cleaned its silk (corn).--Nt o kegc g ki:. I'll clean the house. -- Kegcuna g pilka! Clean the wheat! --M(<'am) g 'i kegcun g ki:! Clean the house! --P hekid 'i kegcun g 'eki:? When do you clean your house?

kegcuna in ha'icu kegcuna NExpr: cleaning

ki: kegcuna NExpr: house cleaning vaika kegcuna NExpr: ditch cleaning

kegcunacud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def kegcunac; hort kegcunacud]: to clean obj for
somebody (same as kegcuid) ex: 'I kegcunacud! Clean it for him!

kegcunaku N indiv [pl: kekegcunaku]: basket used to clean/ sort out things (seeds)
ta:tam-kegcunaku NComp indiv [pl: ta:tam-kekegcunaku]: toothbrush; toothpaste

kegcuid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def kegcu; hort kegcuid}: to clean obj for somebody
(same as kegcunacud) ex: 'I kegcuid! Clean it for him! --'I ikegcuid! Clean it for me!

keg-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: one variety of prickly pear fruits keg-'i:bhaig s-Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of prickly pear fruits in one location keheg see Mod s-keg = pretty, nice, good kehega see Vintr kekega = to become pretty, nice, good kehegaj see Stat s-kegaj = to be pretty, nice, good kehi[h]un Vtr Unit [Neutr: def kehi[h]u; hort and indef kehi[h]un. Dur:
kehi[h]una-d]: to push down on obj (applying slow and regular pressure with one's feet) ex: Nt o 'i kehiu. I'll push down on it (with my feet). -- Si gevkam g 'i kehiun! Push down hard on it! --Nt ab o a(<va) 'i kehiunad! I'll keep on pedaling.

kehiva Vtr: to push down on obj applying a lot of pressure with one's feet kehivadam 'e- N: bicycle (one on which one pushes down with one's foot) kehiva Vtr [Neutr: def and hort kehiva; imper sgs: kehiva-]: to smash obj by stepping
on it ex: Si g kehiva g 'esigal k o cui! Step on your cigarette and put it out!

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kehivin/ keihin kehivin Vtr [Neutr: def kehivi; hort and indef kehivin. Dur: kehivina-d]: to
grind/ crumble obj by stepping on it ex: Nt ab o a(<va) 'i kehivinad. I'll keep on grinding it with my foot (pedaling).

kei see Vtr ke: = to make obj stand; to choose obj kei see Vtr ke'e- = to bite/ sting obj keickva (elis of *kehickva) Vtr Unit [Neutr: def and hort keickva]: to give a violent
kick to obj ex: Pt o keickva g ta-bo:l. Kick off the football!

keickvadam 'e- N indiv [pl: 'e-kekeickvadam]: bicycle (also called keickviku)

ex:'In 'ok me g 'o'odham g 'ekeickvadam ceadc. There goes a fellow riding a bicycle! --D(<vu) 'o 'ega g 'ekeickvadam. The bicycle belongs to me. -- D(<vu) 'o 'egaj g 'ekeickvadam. The bicycle belongs to him.

keickviku N: bicycle (instrument with which to give violent kick) keihi see Vtr keihin = to give one kick to obj keihi see Vintr keihin = to dance the keihina keihi see Vreflex 'e-keihin = to get danced (the keihina) keihin (elis of *kehihin) Vtr [Neutr: def keihi; hort keihin. Correl: keihin-k; immed:
keihin-ka-'i]: to kick obj ex: keihi. He gave me a kick. --'I 'at 'i vuak 'am si keihi. Having thrown me, he gave me a hard kick. --T 'oia eihi 'ab vo:k 'ab. Then he kicked me in the (my) belly. -M(<'am) g si keihin! Give him a good kick! --Pi g 'an hu eihin! Don't kick me!--'I 'ant gei 'am cum keihink. I fell when I tried to give him a kick.

keihin (elis of *kehinhin) Vintr [Neutr: def keihi; hort keihin; imper sgs keihina-. Dur:
keihina-d. Interr: keihina-him]: to dance the keihina (a ritual dance accompanied by singing also called e'icuda and in Pima cu:dka) ex: Ha'as a(<va) keihi. She stopped dancing the keihina.--Keihina! Dance the keihina! -Pi g 'am keihin! Don't dance the keihina!

keihin (elis of *kehihin) Vreflex impers Unit [Neutr: def 'e-keihi; indef 'e-keihin]: to
occur, to get danced (for the keihina) ex: Ha'as a(<va) 'ekeihi. The dancing (of the keihina) has stopped. --T o 'o(<'e)keihi. There is going to be a keihina. --Ves 'ahid 'ab 'o 'o(<'e)keihin. Once a year there is a keihina.

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keihina/ keikon keihina N: ritual dance accompanied by singing (in Pima cu:dka)
ex: Keihinac'e= during a keihina

keihinaag s- Stat: to be good at dancing the keihina keihinakam s- N subst aggreg: one who is good at dancing the keihina keihinaku N: ceremonial dancing and singing grounds keihiname Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see keihino) [Neutr: def keihinam; hort
keihiname]: to go and dance the keihina ex: Nt o keihinam. I am on my way to the keihina.

keihinamk s-cu- Stat sgs [Neutr: indef s-cu-keihinamk]: to want to kick people, to be a
kicker ex: No scukeihinamk g moiga? Does your horse kick (Is your horse a kicker)?

keihindam (elis of *kehihinadam) N subst aggreg= keihina dancer(s)

ex: hega'i keihindam= that keihina dancer --hegam keihindam: those keihina dancers

keihino Vintr pls (for sgs see keihiname) 1Neutr: def keihino]: to go and dance the
keihina ex: Tt o keihino. We are on our way to the keihina.

keihi (elis of *kehihi) Vtr [Neutr: indef keihi. Dur: keihiad]: to give a kick to obj
again and again ex: Cum hekid 'o keihi. He kicks me every time. --No ho(<ha)keihi g moiga? Does your horse kick (people)?

keikka (elis of *kehikka) Vtr [Neutr: def keikka; hort and indef keikka. Dur:
keikkaa-d. Interr: keikkaa-him]: to give reiterated kicks to obj ex: Pi g 'an hu keikka! Don't kick me! --keikka 'ap. You are kicking me. --Nt ab 'i el o keikkaad 'i:da'a. I'll keep on kicking him. - Pi g 'ab hu keikkaad! Don't be kicking me constantly! --Kavyu 'o keikkaahim. The horse has been kicking me.

keiko see Vintr keikon = to miss a step keikon (elis of *kehikon) Vintr sing (for mult see kekeikon) [Neutr: def keiko; hort
keikon]: to miss a step (to slip with one foot) ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) keiko! You might miss a step! --Keikonk 'i gei. Having missed a step, he fell down.

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keiko/ keipaku keiko (elis of *kehiko) Vintr sing [Neutr: indef keiko]: to miss a step reiteratedly
ex: Cum hekid keiko. He misses a step repeatedly.

kei see Vtr keip = to put one's foot on obj kei see Vreflex 'e-keip = to put one's foot (somewhere) keic semi Stat tr sing (for mult see kekeic [Neutr: indef keic. Dur: keici-d]: to have
one's foot on obj ex: Nt o keicid. I'll keep my foot on it

keic semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-kekeic) [Neutr: indef 'e-keic. Dur: 'ekeici-d]: to have one's foot (somewhere)

keik, keika'i see Vtr keip = to put one's foot on obj keip (elis of *kehip) Vtr Unit (for Repet see keiap) sing (for mult see kekeip)
[Neutr: def kei; hort keip[]; imper sgs keipa-. Correl: kei-k; immed: kei-ka-'i)]: to put one's foot on obj ex: kei 'apt 'an ntad 'an. You stepped on my foot (you put your foot on me on my foot). --Pi g 'a hu keip 'ab mi:sat'ab! Don't put your foot on the table! --Pi g 'an hu keip! Don't step on me! --N(<'an) g keip! Step on it! --'Ab si keik 'am si dag. Having stepped on it (a shovel) he pushed it down hard.

keip (elis of *kehip) Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-keiap) sing (for mult see 'ekekeip) [Neutr: def 'e-kei; hort 'e-keip[]]: to put one's foot somewhere (with locative
complement expressed or implied) ex: 'At vuak 'an nda:m 'ekei. He threw me off and stepped on me. --Nt o kei 'ab mi:sat'ab. I'll put my foot on the table. --Pi g 'am hu 'ekeip u:dagc'e! Don't put your foot in the water!

keipa N inalien [distr: kekeipa]: gait, pace, steps

ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) bei g mkeipa. I can't fall in step with you (get your step) vailla keipa NExpr: dance steps

keipa N aggreg: foot (unit of measure)

ex: hemako keipa= one fot -- go:k keip= two feet

keipaag N indiv [pl: kekeipaag]: something on which one steps, step of a stairway keipaku N indiv [pl: kekeipaku]: stirrup (instrument with which one steps on
something)

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keipi'o/ keke keipi'o see Vtr keipi'ok = to take one's foot off obj keipi'ok (elis of *kehipi'ok) Vtr sing [Neutr: def keipi'o; hort keipi'ok; imper sgs
keipi'oka-]: to take one's foot off obj

keipi'ok Vreflex sing [Neutr: def 'e-keipi'o; hort 'e-keipi'ok]: to take one's foot off
somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied)

keiap Vtr Repet (for Unit see keip) sing [Neutr: indef keiap. Dur: keiapa-d.
Interr: keiapa-him]: to put one's foot on obj repeatedly ex: 'An si keiap g 'ekubia. He steps on his shovel repeatedly. --Pi g 'an hu keiapad! Don't be stepping on me constantly!

keiap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-keip) sing [Neutr: indef 'e-keiap. Dur: 'ekeiapa-d. Interr: 'e-keiapa-him]: to put one's foot repeatedly somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Cum hekid 'am o keiapad 'idda:m. I'll be putting my foot on it again and again.

keiu (elis of *kehiu) Vtr [Neutr: indef keiu. Dur: keiua-d]: to trample obj
ex: Pi g 'am hu keiuad g ha'icu hiosig! Don't be trampling the flowers!

keiu Vtr: to crush obj by stepping on it once (same as keiun)

ex:k 'i a vo keiuand they will crush me (beetle).--Pt o 'om(<'am) keiu. You might step on it and crush it (as you are walking).

keiua (elis of *kehiua) Vtr: to crush obj by stepping on it reiteratedly

ex: Heg 'an 'am hab a(<va) keiua. I am crushing it by stepping on it again and again.

keiun (elis of *kehiun) Vtr [Neutr: hort keiun; imper sgs keiuna-]: to crush obj by
stepping on it once (same as keiu) ex: Pi g 'am keiun! Don't crush it by stepping on it!

keitpag (elis of *kehitpag) Vtr [Neutr: def keitpa; hort keitpag]: to massage obj with
one's feet; to push obj down with one's feet ex: Nt o 'i mkeitpa, I'll massage you with my feet. --N(<'an) g 'i keitpag! (Could you) massage me with your feet! --'I keitpag g toki! Push the cotton down with your feet!

keke Vtr Repet (for Unit see ke'e-) [Neutr: indef keke. Dur: keke-d]: to bite, sting obj
repeatedly

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keke/ kekeip
ex: No ho(<ha)keke g mgogsga? Does your dog bite (people)? --Cum hekid hakeke. He bites people all the time. -- venog g ko'ov pi ko'okam hakeke. At that time the rattlesnake did not sting people painfully.

kekedam ha-N subst: one that bites, stings people repeatedly kekedkolid Vtr plo (for sgo see kedkolid): to tickle obj kekeg see Mod s-keg = pretty, nice, good kekega/kehega (with emphatic stress: ke:kega/ ke:hega) Vintr pls (for sgs see kega) [Neutr: def kekega/ kehega. Interr: kekega-him/ kehega-him]: to become
pretty, nice, good

kekegaj see Stat s-kegaj = to be pretty, nice, good kekeickvadam see N 'e-keickvadam = bicycle kekeidag see Stat Expr s-cu-ke'idag = to be a biter, stinger kekeidama see Stat Expr s-ta-ke'idama = to be mean, nasty kekeikon Vintr mult (for sing see keikon) [Neutr: def kekeiko; hort kekeikon]: to
miss several steps (to slipwith both feet) ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) kekeiko. You might slip with both feet.

kekei see Vtr kekeip = to put one's feet on obj kekei see Vreflex 'e-kekeip = to put one's feet (somewhere) kekeic semi Stat tr mult (for sing see keic) [Neutr: indef kekeic. Dur: kekeicid]: to
have one's feet on obj

kekeic semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-keic) [Neutr: indef 'e-kekeic. Dur: 'ekekeici-d]: to have one's feet somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied)

kekeip Vtr Unit (for Repet see kekeiap) mult (for sing see keip) [Neutr: def
kekei; hort kekeip[l]: to put one's feet on obj

kekeip Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-kekeiap) mult (for sing see 'e-keip)
[Neutr: def 'e-kekei; hort 'e-kekeip[]]: to put one's feet somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Nt o kekei 'ab mi:sat'ab. I'll put my feet on the table.

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kekeipa/ kekidt kekeipa see N keipa = gait, pace, steps kekeipaag see N keipaag = something on which one steps kekeipaku see N keipaku = stirrup kekeiap Vtr Repet (for Unit see kekeip) mult (for sing see keiap) [Neutr: indef
kekeiap]: to put one's feet on obj repeatedly

kekeiap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-kekeip) (for sing see 'e-keiap)
[Neutr: indef 'e-kekeiap]: to put one's feet repeatedly somewhere (with locative complement expressed or implied)

kekegcu see N s-kegcu = sweetheart kekegcud/kehegcud Vtr plo (for sgo see kegcud) [Neutr: def kekegc; hort kekegcud]: to fix, prepare, obj

kekegcun/kehegcud Vtr plo (for sgo see kegcun) [Neutr: def kekegc; hort kekegcun]: to clean obj

kekel see N keli = mature man, elder; husband kekelba see N keliba = deceased old man; ancestor kekelig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of old men in one location kekelmait Vintr pls (for sgs see kelmait): to become middle-aged men kekelt Vintr pls (for sgs see kel[]t) [Neutr: def kekelt. Interr: kekelta-him]: to become
elderly, old men ex: Kekelt 'at k 'i m'iavup. They have become old and they fall down all the time. -Kekeltahim 'ac. We are getting old. kekelvaku see N kelvaku = corn shucker kekidag N inalien: ability to stand up for a 1ong time

kekidag s- Stat sgs: to be able to stand up for a long time

ex: Heg 'o skekidag. He can stand up for a long time.

kekidt Vintr sgs [Neutr: def kekidt. Interr: kekidta-him]: to become able to stand up by
oneself

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kekidt/ keka
ex: Kekidt ['at]. He is now able to stand up. -- Kekidtahim 'o. He is getting to be able to stand up by himself (with interruptions).

kekiva (redupl of *kehiva) Vintr Unit (for Repet see kekivup) sgs (for pls see gegokiva) [Neutr: def and hort kekiva; imper sgs kekiva-. Correl kekiva-k; immed:
kekiva-ka-'i. Compl: kekiva-yok; immed: kekiva-yoka-'i]: to stand up; to stop ex: gvui 'am 'i kekiva. He is said to have stopped facing it. --'A:i 'ant 'i o a(<va) 'i kekiva 'i:ya'a. I'll stop here. --...ga hu kekiva ki:jigt'am. he stood up in the doorway. -'Oig! 'in hab pt hu o kekiva 'in hu! Hurry! Join us (stand up with us)! --c 'am himk 'ab kekiva vavt'aba'i.and having gone there he stood up against the cliff. --Pt pi hab o a 'i 'eldad mas o kekiva! Don't worry that he (the horse) might stop. --Ha'ap g 'i kekiva! Turn around! --Gahi g 'i kekiva! Turn to one side (either side)! --Gam g 'i kekiva! Move away (from me)! --'I g hab iak 'i kekiva! Turn around to face me! -- Gam g hab ha'ap 'i kekiva! Stop way over there! --'am sikol 'i kekiva.she turned around. --Kekiva! Stand up! --Ta'i g 'i kekiva! Stand further up! --Miak g 'i kekiva! Stand closer! --Himk ga hu hab ha'ap kekiva! Go and stand up over there! --'In g hu 'i kekiva hugid 'an! Stand up right next to me! --... k gn hu kekivak 'an ha'amog g hemajkam.and having stood up there, he harrangued the people. --'am 'i kekivaka'ik 'im hab kaij. having stopped there he said. --Kekivayoka'i! Stand up first (before you do anything else)! si sipu kekiva VExpr sgs: to stick one's rear end up, to stand upside down.

kekivayok, kekivayoka'i see Vintr kekiva = to stand up; to stop kekivup (assim of *kekivap) Vintr Repet (for Unit see kekiva) sgs (for pls see gegokivup) |Neutr: indef kekivup. Interr: kekivup[i]-him. Dur: kekivupa-d]: to stand
up, to stop repeatedly ex: ..c 'i hu a(<va) 'i kekivup havui. .. and he keeps moving closer and closer toward them (moving and stopping). --Kekivuphim 'o, He is stopping and going. sipu kekivup VExpr sgs: to roll over, to do sommersaults

kekka Vintr Repet (for Unit see ke:k) sgs [Neutr: indef kekka. Dur: kekkad]: to stand
up repeatedly ex: Kekka 'o hega'i. He is trying to stand (a baby who is about to learn how to walk). si'al kekka VExpr Repet (for Unit see si'a1 ke:k): to get to be daybreak repeatedly ex: B(<'ab) 'o si'al 'i kekka 'a enna. Every day right before daybreak, I wake up.

kekk[i]him Vintr Interr sgs (for pls see geggok[i]him): to go in a certain direction,
stopping for a while, walking for a while and so on

keka Vtr Repet (for Unit see ke:) sgo (for plo see cu:cia) [Neutr: indef keka]: to
put obj (somewhere) in a standing position repeatedly; to choose obj repeatedly

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kekta/ kel[i]vid kekta N: awl (used for sewing grass thatch of round-house) kel see Vtr kel[i]v = to shuck obj keli N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -keli=ga); pl: kekel]: mature man, elder, old man,
husband ba:b keli = mother's father's older brother hu'ul keli = mother's mother's older brother vosk keli = father's father's older brother 'o:g keli = father's older brother

keli N inalien: name of one of the vopda tubes keliba N inalien indiv [pl: kekelba]: deceased old man; ancestor
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) cegto mas has hu 'i pen 'i kaidam hab 'a'aga g kekelba. I don't remember how the ancestors used to call it.

Keliba Vo'oga NExpr: name of a village (dead old man's pond)

ex: Keliba Vo'oga 'am 'o ki:. He lives down at Keliba Vo'oga.

keli-ba:o N Comp alien aggreg [distr: kekel-babo]: a variety of cantaloupe keli-ba:oga s- Stat Comp: to have a lot of keli-ba:o cantaloupes keli-cucul NComp alien indiv [pl: kekel-cucul]: mature rooster keliga vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's elder; to be somebody's husband
ex: ..matp u hakeliga hegam. ..who was their elder (of those fellows).

keliga Stat sing: to have a husband

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha keliga. I don't have a husband.

kel[i]v Vtr [Neutr: def kel; hort and indef keliv; imper sgs kelva-. Dur: kelva-d]: to
shuck obj (corn); to pick small berries (such as huavul or 'u:s-jevupa) off the bush ex: e:pt o kel g 'ehu:ga? How come you don't shuck your corn? -- Kelva g 'ehu:ga! Shuck your corn! --P hekid 'i keliv g 'ehu:ga? When do you (usually) shuck your corn? - 'I g 'i kelvad! Be shucking it (regularly)!

kel[i]vid Vdtr [Neutr: def keliv; hort kelvid]: to shuck obj (such as corn) for somebody
(same as kelvisid) ex: Pt o keliv g hu:ga! Shuck my corn for me!

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keliv/ keva keliv see Vdtr kel[i]vid = to shuck obj for somebody keliv[]s Stat: to be shucked
ex: Hek 'o hu kelivs. It is already shucked.

kelcud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def kelc; hort kelcud]: to make obj become an old man, to treat
obj like an old man ex: Pi g 'am kelcud! Don't treat me like an old man!

kelcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-kelc; hort and indef 'e-kelcud]: to turn oneself into
an old man, to act like an old man ex: kelc 'ant. I acted like an old man. --kelcud 'a. I act like an old man.

kelt Vintr sgs (for pls see kekelt) [Neutr: def kelt. Interr: kelta-him]: to become an
old man ex: Kelt 'ant. I have become an adult (old) man. --Kelt 'at k 'i gega. Having become old he falls down all the time. --Kelitahim 'a. I am getting old.

keltaku N: something that makes a man get old kelmait Vintr sgs (for pls see kekelmait) [Neutr: def kelmait. Interr: kelmaita-him]: to
become a middle-aged man ex: Nt a(<va) ha'ap a 'i kelmait. I have become middle-aged. --Ptk a(<va) ha'ap a 'i kelmait. (I can see that) you have become middle-aged.

kelvaku N indiv [pl: kekelvaku]: corn shucker (machine to take seeds off corn) kelv[i]ame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see kelv[i]o) [Neutr: def kelv[i]am; hort
kelv[i]ame]: to go and pick small berries (such as kuavul) off the bush ex: Nt o kelviam g kuavul. I'll go and pick kuavul berries off the bush.

kelv[i]o Vtr pls (for sgs see kelv[i]ame) [Neutr: def kelv[i]o]: to go and pick small
berries off the bush ex: Tt o kelvio g 'u:s-jevupa. We'll go and pick 'u:s-jevupa berries off the bush.

kelvisid Vdtr [Neutr: def kelvis; hort kelvisid]: to shuck obj (such as corn) for
somebody (same as kel[i]vid)

keva Vtr Unit (for Repet see kevup) sgo [Neutr: def and hort keva; imper sgs
keva-]: to stop obj, to make obj stand up

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keva/ ke'idamakam
ex: Keva 'ant. I stopped him. --Ntp o nako, vo keva hega'i. If I can, I'll stop him. -Keva! Stop him! --Keva g ma:gina! Stop the car (bring the car to a stop)!

kevup (assim of *kevap) Vtr Repet (for Unit see keva) sgo [Neutr: indef kevup.
Dur: kevupa-d. Interr: kevupa-him]: to stop obj, to make obj stand up, repeatedly

kevup in cum kevup VExpr tr: to interrupt obj (to try in vain to make him stop)
ex: Pi g 'am cum kevupad! Don't be interrupting me constantly!

ke'e- Vtr Unit (for Repet see keke) [Neutr: def kei; imper sgs ke'i-, pls ke'i-vo; hort
ke:-'i. Correl: ke'e-k; immed: ke'e-ka-'i. Compl: ke'i-ok; immed: ke'i-oka-'i]: to bite/ sting obj ex: T o 'i kei g gogs. The dog is going to bite me. --Gogs 'atk 'an kei kahio 'an g 'o'odham. The dog bit the man on the (his) leg. --Pi g 'am ke:'i! Don't bite me! --Ke'i! Bite him! -- Gm hu me: 'i a ke'eka'i. He ran away after biting me here.-- Gm hu me: 'i a ke'iok. He ran away having bitten me first.

ke'ek, ke'eka'i see Vtr ke'e- = to bite, sting, obj ke'i see Vtr ke'e- = to bite, sting, obj ke'i N: single act of biting, stinging ke'idag in ha'icu ke'idag NExpr: bite, sting, of some animal or insect
gogs-ke'idag NComp: dog bite ko'ov-ke'idag NComp: rattlesnake sting va:mog-ke'idag NComp: mosquito sting

ke'idag s-cu- Stat sgs [pls: s-cu-kekeidag]: to be a biter, a stinger

ex: Heg 'o scuke'idag. He bites. --Scuke'idag hega'i mgogsga. That dog of yours bites.

ke'idaj N: bite, sting, of a specified animal or insect (its bite, sting) ke'idama s-ta- Stat sgs [pls: s-ta-kekeidama]: to be mean, nasty (same as s-tako'okdama) ex: Nap hab 'elid mo stake'idama? Do you think that he is mean? --a 'a(<'o) va 'i stake'idama. He is quite mean. -- Sta-'a(<'o)-ke'idama. He is mean. --Sta-'ap-ke'idama. You(sg) are mean. --Ea ha'i stakekeidama. Meanwhile, some (of the horses) were mean

ke'idamakam s-ta- N subst: one who is mean, nasty ke'idamakam vu s-ta- Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is mean, nasty
ex: Stake'idamakam u g viappoi. The boy is a mean one.

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ke'idkam/ ke:k ke'idkam s-cu- subst: one that bites or stings

ke:-

ke: see VExpr si'al ke:k: to get to be daybreak ke:g see Mod s-keg: pretty, nice, good ke:ga see Vintr kega: to become pretty,nice, good ke:gaj see Stat s-kegaj: to be pretty, nice, good ke:heg see Mod s-keg: pretty, nice, good ke:hega see Vintr kekega: to become pretty, nice, good ke:hegaj see Stat s-kegaj: to be pretty, nice, good ke:k Vintr Unit (for Repet see kekka) sgs (for pls animate see gegok, inanimate see
cu:c) [Neutr: indef ke:k/kehe; concurs ke:k-c.Dur: ke:ka-d; concurs ke:ka-d-c. Interr: ke:ka-him; concurs ke:ka-him-c]: to stand, to be standing somewhere ex: Daiku 'o 'ob(<'ab) ke:k. There is a chair (standing) there.-- 'An 'o ke:k 'i mhugid 'an. He is standing right next to you. -- Mo'ocku 'o 'ob(<'ab) ke:k ki: ba:o. There is a pillow (standing) against the wall.-- Mi:sa da:m 'o ke:k g 'o'ohon. There is a book (standing) on the table. --..k 'am ke:kc 'am eid. ..and standing there he looks at it. --..'amje 'am veco ke:kc 'am hab cum eid mas has masma hab o 'o(<'e)ju:. ..from where he is standing at the foot (of the mountain) he tries to figure out how he is going to do it. --..'an haha ke:kc 'am eid. ..then standing there (on the bank) he looks at it.--Ha'amogid g Ban 'an ke:kc 'eki: da:m. Coyote harrangues them standing on top of his house. --..'ab o ve:c heg'ea m'ab ke:k ki:. ..it will be lying inside that house standing up there. --..mo 'on(<'an) nta:gio hega'i do'ag 'an ke:k. ..that mountain stands in my way. -- B(<vab) hab 'i 'e'ab ke:k g hu ab 'i jevuo 'amje. (The bushes) standing close together from the ground upward.-- ia k 'at 'am hi a(<va) g e'i ke:k. Well, there should be (stand) a song there. -T hems hega'i ki: gm hu hab o ke:kad! If only that house were standing way over there!-Kupt 'an o a ke:kahimc 'ab haha vo 'i hu! Stand up there for a while, then come down! sipu ke:k VExpr Unit sgs: to be standing upside down si'al ke:k VExpr Unit (for Repet see si'al kekka) [Neutr: def si'al ke:. Correl: si'al ke:-k. Interr: si'al ke:k[i]-him]: to get to be daybreak. ex: ..'ab si'al 'i ke: t 'am 'i ia hega'i haje'e. ..just before daybreak their mother is said to have awakened. --Kut o 'ip kia hab si'al 'i ke:! Wait until daybreak! --Si'al ke:k vo hi:! At daybreak, go! -- ena, si'al ke:k 'att a vo hihi! Wake up, we are supposed to leave at daybreak! --Si'al ke:khim 'o, vamgi! It's almost dawn, get up!

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ke:kam/ ke:c ke:kam N subst sg (for pl inanimate see cu:cim): one standing up
ho'i-ke:kam NComp aggreg: cactus, cacti

ke:kam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be one standing up

ex: 'Am 'o (<vu) ke:kam g ki:. Down there, there is a house (standing).

ke:kcug Vintr sgs (for pls animate see gegokcug) [Neutr: indef ke:kcug]: to be moving
in a standing position (as when riding in a bus) ex: Ke:kcug 'an kavyut'an. He is riding standing on the horse.

ke:keg see Mod s-keg = pretty, nice, good ke:kega see Vintr kekega = to become pretty, nice, good ke:kegaj see Stat s-kegaj = to be pretty, nice, good ke:k[i]him Vintr Interr sgs (for pls animate see gegok[i] him): to walk in slow steps ke: Vtr Unit (for Repet see keka) sgo (for plo see cu:ci'a) [Neutr: def kei; hort ke:.
Correl ke:-k; immed: ke:-ka-'i. Compl: ke:-ok; immed ke:-oka-'i]: to put obj (some where) in a standing position; to choose obj ex: Nt o kei g valit jevuc'ea. I will stick the crowbar in the ground. -- ..'am haha 'i vu:adk 'im hab kei jegk 'ea. ..then he took him out (of the corral) and made him stand outside. -- ..c 'in hab ab kei 'atp 'an heba'i. ..and he just stood it (a pole) somewhere. --..k ga hu hab 'i kei. ..and he put it (in a standing position) aside. --.. 'am hab haha 'ep hema kei g 'o'odham. ..then he chose another fellow.-- M(<'am) g ke: jevuc'ea! Stick it in the ground! --B(<'ab) g ke: ki: ba:o! Stand it against the wall! --Ta'i g 'i ke: g 'ema:gina! Park your car upward! --Pi g 'ab hu ke: g 'ehapod 'ab kavyut'ab! Don't stick your arrow into the horse! --Ga g hu hab 'i ke: g 'o'ohon-to'aku! Move the book cabinet over to here! --..k 'oia 'an 'eki:ta ve:gaj 'an ke:k ..and then, having set it up all around their construction

ke: Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-cu:ci'a) [Neutr: def 'e-kei]: to get placed
(somewhere) in a standing position; to get chosen ex: ..k o 'i 'i(<e)kei 'im hab ha'ap. .. and it (the mountain) would be moved in that direction. -- ..matsp heg 'am 'ekei hega'i. ..that he is supposed to have been chosen.

ke:a N inalien sg [3rd pers pl ha-ke:a]: something placed in a standing position;

choice, chosen person ex: 'U:s mke:a pi ha ha:hagc ke:k. The tree planted by you (placed in a standing position by you) stands without any leaves.

ke:c semi Stat tr sgo [Neutr: indef ke:c. Dur: ke:ci-d]: to have obj (somewhere) in a
standing position

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ke:c/ kiha
ex: No sdadeimk hega'i 'al kavyu map 'am ke:c? Does he buck that horsy that you have there (in a standing position)? --Pi heba'i 'oimme ghekaj ma heg 'am ke:c hega'i mac hab 'a'aga g kanti:na. He never goes anywhere because he owns (has in a standing position) what we call a bar. -- hab ge ba'ag-'a'an 'im ke:c 'emo'o da:m. He had (hearsay) an eagle feather unusually stuck up on the top of his head. --N(<'an) 'apt ab o ke:cid! Keep it standing there!

ke:['el]id s- Vtr [Neutr: def s-ke:'el; hort and indef s-ke:'id; imper sgs s-ke:'ida-. Correl
s-ke:'id-k; immed: s-ke:'id-ka-'i. Dur: s-ke:'ida-d. Interr: s-ke:'id[a]-him]: to scold/ get after/ get mad at obj ex: Nt o smke:'el. I am going to scold you. --Kutp hekaj 'am 'i ske:'el g Ta . That might be the reason why Sun got mad at her --Ske:'ida! Get after him! --B(<'ab) ske:'idhim. He is coming this way scolding him. --a 'i si ske:'id g tokdho. He gives quite a scolding to the spider. --heghekaj matp shake:'id mat pi hama: g eooigabecause they were sore at them who had not given them their pets. --Nt o smke:'idad. I will be scolding you constantly. --Tp 'oia 'am hab haha ske:'idahim hega'i je'ej. Then, her mother scolded her. -B(<vab) hi a(<va) ske:'idk hab ju:. He did it because he had gotten completely mad at her.

ke:['el]id s- Vreflex [Neutr: indef s-'eke:'id]: to feud with each other ex: Shake:'id heghekaj ma 'am a(<va) hek hu s'eke:'id ve:maj hega'i Toa Ku'adam 'Oks. He scolds them because he had been feuding for a long time with that Toa Ku'adam Woman. ke:'i see Vtr ke'e- = to bite/ sting obj ke:'id see Vtr s-ke:['el]id = to scold/ get mad at obj ke:'id see Vreflex s-'e-ke:['el]id = to feud with each other

ki-

kiakam (elis of *kihakam) N subst: one with a brother-in-law/ a sister-in-law kiakam vu Stat Expr: to be one with a brother-in-law/ a sister-in-law
ex: D(<vu) 'a kiakam. I am one with a brother-in-law/sister-inlaw.

kiha (dial: kihe) N inalien indiv [pl: kikkia (dial kikkie)]: brother-inlaw/ sister-in-law

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kikihim/ ki'ip kikihim Vintr: to move from one village to the other
ex: Kikihimc 'in has kikihim. He constantly moves from one village to another.

kikijig see N ki:jig = doorway, entrance door kikkia see N kiha = brother-in-law, sister-in-law kikkiakam (redupl of *kihakam) 'e- N: a pair of brothers-in-law/ sisters-in-law/
brother-law and sister-in-law

kikkio N aggreg: post(s) supporting a house kikkioba/ kikkio N: abandoned house ki'ibin Vtr [Neutr: def ki'ib; hort ki'ibin]: to nibble at obj ki'ib see Vtr ki'ibin = to nibble at obj ki'ic see Vtr ki'ick = to cut obj with one's teeth ki'ick Vtr [Neutr: def ki'ic; hort ki'ick]: to cut obj with one's teeth
ex: Pi g 'am ki'ick g hi:lo! Don't bite off the thread!

ki'ickaku N inalien: pliers (instrument with teeth with which to cut off something) ki'ickid Vdtr [Neutr: def ki'ick; hort ki'ickid]: to cut obj with one's teeth, to bite off obj
for somebody ex: M(<'am) g ki'ickid! (Could you) bite it off for me!

ki'ikumi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def ki'ikumi'o, hort ki'ikumi'ok]: to chew off, gnaw off obj
ex:k 'am hek hu haki'ikumi'o hegam hatatk hega'i. and he had already chewed off their roots, that one (Gopher).

ki'i see Vtr ki'ip = to take obj between one's teeth ki'ic semi Stat tr sgs (for pls see ki:ki'ic) [Neutr: indef and def ki'ic. Dur: ki'ici-d]:
to have, hold, obj between one's teeth ex: 'An 'o ki'ic g 'eta:tamkaj. He is holding it between his teeth. --Pi:ba 'at o ki'icid. He will hold a pipe between his teeth constantly.

ki'ip Vtr Unit (for Repet see ki'iap) sgs [Neutr: def ki'i; hort: ki?ip[]. Correl:
ki'i-k; immed: ki'i-ka-'i. Compl: ki'ip-ok; immed ki'ip-oka-'i]: to take obj between one's teeth, to bite obj

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ki'ip / ki'ivina
ex: Vatop 'at ki'i 'an nnov 'ana'i. A fish bit me on the (my) hand. --Pi g 'an hu ki'ip g 'eta:tamkaj! Don't take it between your teeth!

ki'iap Vtr Repet (for Unit see ki'ip) sgs [Neutr: indef ki'iap]: to bite obj
repeatedly

ki'iap Vreflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-ki'iap. Dur: 'e-ki'iapa-d. Interr: 'e-ki'iapahim]: to preen oneself ex: mat 'e'an hasko 'an o 'eki'iapad. (the bird) will constantly be preening itself all over.

ki'iu Vtr sgs [Neutr: def and hort ki'iu]: to crush obj between one's teeth once by
chance or on purpose (as when biting on it)

ki'iua Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef ki'iua. Dur: ki'iuaa-d]: to crush obj between one's
teeth again and again (as when chewing something)

ki'iun Vtr [Neutr: hort ki'iun]: to crush obj between one's teeth once (either by chance
or on purpose) ex: Pi g 'am ki'iun! Don't crush it with your teeth!

ki'iu Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef ki'iu]: to crush obj with one's teeth reiteratedly ki'iva Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see ki:ki'iva) [Neutr: def, hort and indef ki'iva; imper sgs:
ki'iva-. Correl: ki'iva-k; immed: ki'iva-ka-'i. Dur: ki'iva-d]: to chew obj ex: Nt o ki'iva. I'll chew it. --Ki'iva! Chew it! --Tohavs 'a ki'iva. I am chewing "tohavs" gum. --Ki'iva g vi:bam. He is chewing gum. --Vi:bam 'a ki'iva. I am chewing a piece of gum. --Napt o ki'iva g vi:bam? Will you chew a piece of gum? --Pi g 'am haki'ivad g 'ehu:c! Don't be chewing your nails constantly!

ki'iva Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'eki:ki'iva) [Neutr: def and indef 'e-ki'iva]: to
chew gum ex: Nt o ki'iva. I'11 chew gum. --ki'iva 'a. I chew gum

ki'ivi N inalien: something being chewed ki'ivin Vtr sgs [Neutr: def ki'ivi; hort and indef ki'ivin]: to reduce obj to powder by
chewing

ki'ivina N: something reduced to powder by chewing

vu:lo-ki'ivina NComp: oatmeal mush

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ki'u/ ki: ki'u in a ha-ki'u g 'e-'a'an VExpr [Dur: a ha-ki'ua-d g 'e-'a'an]: to preen one's
feathers ex: T o a haki'uad g 'e'a'an. It will be preening its feathers constantly.

ki'u in a 'e-ki'u VExpr sgs: to preen oneself

ex: T o a eki'uad. It will be preening itself constantly.

ki:-

ki: N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ki:-j; loc ki:-t-'ab, ki:-c-e; pl/distr: ki:ki]: house,
wall ex: 'I g 'i 'enogid 'am 'eki: vui! Go back home! --Mt o 'i eno:nog, 'am 'eki:ki vui! Each one of you will go back to your respective house! -- no pi s'e:bid g jiavul g hab ma:s ki:because the devil is afraid of such a house. --Nt o si: g picture 'ab ki:t'ab. I'll pin the picture on the wall. cicviku-ki: NComp: playland house ci:no-ki: NComp indiv [sg (loc: ci:no-ki:-c-'e)]= out-house (Chinese-house) ge'e-ki: NComp= the Meeting House (big-house) je:-ki:/ jeiku-ki:/ je:gidaku-ki: NComp= the Meeting House kokdaiku-ki: NComp= slaughter house kokdam haki: NExpr = hospital (sick ones their house) ko'i haki: NExpr = mortuary, funeral home (dead ones their house) tokdho-ki: NComp indiv [pl: totkdho-ki:k]= cobweb (spider-house)

ki: vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ki:k]: to be a house

ex: Ciop 'am ke:k u si ge'e ki:kc. A church stands there and it is a big house.

ki: Stat Unit (for Distr see ki:k) [Neutr: indef ki:; def ki:=k; concurs: ki:=kc. Dur:
ki:=ka-d. Interr: ki:=ka-him]: to be living (somewhere) ex: Heba'i ki: hega'i 'o'odham? Where does that fellow live? --Nap 'ab ki: CoveredWellst'ab? Do you live in Covered Wells? --B(<'ab) 'a cum ki:kahim. I used to live up there. --'Am 'a ki:kahim hetasp 'ahidag 'ab. I lived down there for five years. --'Ab 'a ki:kahim mo 'ida u a(<va) 'i hetasp 'ahidag. I used to live up there five years ago. --'A kum heba'i ki:kc 'amje 'i hihi? Where on earth (surprise) do you (pl) live and where did you come from? --Do:p vemaj ki:? With whom do you(sg) live? --...c hab s'ap o 'eve:m ki:kad. and thus they will live well with each other (one group of people).

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ki:-/ ki:dag ki:-bidpaag NComp inalien [1st pers sg -ki:-bidpaag; 3rd pers sg: ki:-bidpagaj]: mud cover/ paint/ plaster (on the walls) of a house

ki:-cucadam NComp aggreg: fireman, firemen ki:cud Vdtr sing (for mult see ki:kcud) [Neutr: def ki:c; hort ki:cud]: to build a house
for somebody out of obj ex: Nt o mki:c. I'll build you a house. --..'al smu'ukam haki:c. he built them (the two birds) some kind of a pointed house. --'am ge 'al melhog haki:c. he built them (the two birds) some kind of strange ocotillo house ( a cage).

ki:c'e-vakus NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers: ki:c'e-vakusi-j); pl: ki:c'eva:pakus]: rug (same as ki:c'e-vakusim) ex: Mki:c'e-va:pakus 'o skegaj. Your rugs are nice.

ki:c'e-vakusim subst NComp inalien indiv [sg (loc ki:c'e-vakusim-c-'e); pl:

ki:c'e-va:pakusim)]: rug (same as ki:c'e-vakus)

ki:dag N inalien [3rd pers sg: ki:da-j]: daily life, standard of living; homeland
ex: T o a(<va) hab 'eju: hab masma g tki:dag. Something has happened to our daily life. -'A:pim 'amtk o bei g skais ki:dag. You (people) will get a high standard of living (a rich life). --..heghekaj 'am o 'i kegcul g tki:dag. ..in order to ameliorate our standard of living. --..mac tacu 'am tki:dag veheji. ..that we need for our daily life. --'I 'ant a(<va) s'ap ce: g ki:dag 'i:ya'a. Here I found a good way of life. --'An 'ant o cikpank hekaj 'am o 'i melc g ki:dag. I'll work in order to support myself (run my own life).--'I a daic daha g ki:dag. Here is my homeland (where I spend my life).

ki:dag Stat: to be living/ residing somewhere

ex: Begi 'ea 'a 'i hi a(<va) ki:dag. Well, I am still living here (just as before). --..gami hu o ki:dagk! Live way over there! -- Kumt 'am o ki:dagkad 'ama'i. You(pl) will be living down there. --ia kutsp 'am he'es hi a(<va) 'i ki:dagkahim. Well, they lived down there for a certain amount of time. ha'icukaj ki:dag Stat Expr: to live on/ by means of something ex: a:cukaj 'o 'om(<'am) ki:dag. What does he/she live on? --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mas hascukaj/ hascu hu 'i hekaj 'am ki:dag. I don't know what he/she lives on. ve:m ki:dag Stat Expr: to live with somebody ex: Kunt hea'i ve:m 'i o ki:dagk 'i:ya'a? With whom will I live here? s'ap ki:dag Stat Expr: to live well, respectably ex: 'ea cum pi hab cu'ig. 'Am ab a cum s'ap ki:dag. But it was not so (the rumor was that brother and sister were living as husband and wife). They were living there respectably.

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ki:him/ ki:kamcud ki:him N inalien indiv [pl: ki:khim]: village/ town

ex: Hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'i hab a(<va) mel gm hu ki:himt'amje. I have just come back from town. --mamt 'am o hihi ki:him da:m k gm hu o 'i eno:nog. that you(pl) will go as far as above the village and there will turn back.

ki:himag Stat impers Unit: there is a village, town in one location

ex: Kut 'am hu heba'i jiva matp 'am si ge'e ki:himag. He is said to have arrived somewhere where there was a very big town.

ki:jig N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ki:jig=ga-j; loc ki:jig-t-'am); pl: ki:k[i]jig]:
doorway, entrance door

ki:jigko Adv: in the doorway

ex: si ki:jigko= right in the doorway kolhai ki:jigko Adv Expr: at the border (the gate of)

ki:jigt Vtr sing: to make a doorway, an entrance door, out of obj ki:kam in NExpr aggreg: one(s) living somewhere, inhabitant(s)
do'agt'ab ki:kam NExpr aggreg: mountaineer(s) (one(s) living on a mountain) miabidc ki:kam NExpr aggreg [1st pers sg: -miabidc ki:kam; 3rd pers sg: miabidc ki:kam]: next door neighbor(s) miabidc ki:kam vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's next door neighbor ex: No (<vu) mmiabidc ki:kam hegam? Are they your neighbors --'A u miabid ki:kam. I am his neighbor. mi'imia ki:kam NExpr aggreg distr: neighbors, people living close by here and there ve:m-ki:kam NComp aggreg [(reflex: 'e-ve:m-ki:kam); distr: ve'evem-ki:kam]: companion(s) (one(s) with whom one lives, such as one's spouse, family)

ki:kam vu Stat Expr (specified by adverbs or locatives): to be one(s) living

somewhere, (an) inhabitant(s) ex: 'Am 'o (<vu) ki:kam hega'i 'o'odham. That fellow lives down there. --Kut o 'i eno:nog matp hebi(<heba'i) u 'i ki:kam. They will go back to wherever they live. -Ba:pt u o ki:kamk? Where are you(sg) going to live?

ki:kamcud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ki:kamc]: to become a permanent resident

(somewhere) ex:t haskoji o mead g viapo'oge'el 'i a vo mhu: k 'i a vo 'eki:kamc. from whatever direction a young man runs, here he will eat you (the corn) and here he will become a permanent resident.

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-ki:kamt/ ki:-ki:kamt in ve:m-ki:kamt VComp tr: to become somebody's companion

ex: T o ve:m-ki:kamt. They say he/ she is going to become his/her companion.

-ki:kamt in 'e-ve:m-ki:kamt VComp reflex: to become each other's companion

ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-ve:m-ki:kamt. They got married (became each other's companion).

ki:khim see N ki:him = village/ town ki:kig Stat impers mult Unit: there are houses in one location
ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'i ki:kig? Are there houses down there? --Hetasp 'o 'om(<'am) ki:kig ki:himt'am. There are five houses in the village down there.

ki:kig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of houses in one location ki:ki'ic semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see ki'ic): to have, hold obj between one's teeth ki:ki'iva Vtr pls (for sgs see ki'iva) [Neutr: def and indef ki:ki'iva]: to chew obj ki:ki'iva Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ki'iva) [Neutr: def and indef 'e-ki:ki'iva]:
to chew gum ex: Tki:ki'iva ['ac]. We are chewing gum --Mt o 'o(<'e)ki:ki'iva! You people chew gum!

ki:k see N ki: = house/ wall ki:k see Stat Expr vu ki: = to be a house ki:k[] Stat Distr (for Unit see ki:) [Neutr: indef ki:k. Dur: ki:k=ka-d]: to live in
various places, here and there ex: S'ap o 'eve'evem ki:kkad. They will live well with each other (several groups).

ki:kcud Vdtr mult (for sing see ki:cud)[Neutr: def ki:kc; hort ki:kcud]: to build
houses for somebody out of obj

ki:kt Vtr mult (for sing see ki:t) [Neutr: def ki:kt; imper pls: ki:kt-o]: to build houses
ex: Nt o ha'i haki:kt. I'll build a few houses.

ki:m s- Vsubst sgs: to wish to be home, to get homesick

ex: Ski:m 'ant. I am homesick.

ki:-ma'ipaag NComp inalien: roof ki:-mehidag NComp: ruins of a burnt house

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ki:t/ kodsid ki:t Vtr sing (for mult see ki:kt) [Neutr: def ki:t; imper sgs: ki:ta-. Dur: ki:ta-d. Interr:
ki:ta-him]: to build a house out of obj ex: Napt 'ab ki:t Covered-Wellst'ab? Did you build a house at Covered Wells? --Nt o hema ki:t. I'll build a house (out of it). -- Hema 'at ki:t g melhog. He built a house out of ocotillo. --Nt o si cikpanad, nt o ki:tad. I'll be very busy, I'll be building a house. melhog-ki:t VComp: to build an ocotillo house

ki:ta N: act of building a house ki:ta N inalien [3rd pers sg: ki:ta-j]: house being built
ex: ..k 'oia 'an 'eki:ta ve:gaj 'an ke:k. ..and then, having set it up all around their construction

ki:t[a]dag s- Stat: to be good at house building ki:t[a]dam N subst: house builder (one whose job is to build houses) ki:tadkam s- N subst: one who is good at house building ki:tas Stat: to be built
ex: Pi kovkam ki:tas. It is not built strongly.

ki:-vakus/ ki:-vakusag NComp inalien: floor

ex: ki:-vakusag 'o sbi:tag. My floor is dirty.

ki:-vakust VComp: to make a floor

ex: Ki:-vakustahim 'a. I am making a floor (for the house).

kokods (Engl: cross) N alien: cross

Matai-Kods-Ta NComp [loc: Matai-Kods-Ta-c-'e]: Ash Wednesday

kods-bayoka NComp inalien: a chain with a cross kodsid Vreflex sgs (for pls see kokodsid) [Neutr: def 'e-kods; hort 'e-kodsid]: to cross
oneself ex: Nt o kods. I'll cross myself. --'E-g-'e-kodsid! Cross yourself!

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ko/ kokdaiku ko see Vintr ko[o]g = to make a gargling noise, to gurgle ko[o]g Vintr [Neutr: def ko; indef koog. Dur: ko[o]ga-d. Interr: ko[o]g[i]-him]: to
make a gargling noise, to gurgle ex: Ha'as a(<va) ko. It stopped gurgling.

ko[o]gid Vtr [Neutr: def koog; hort kogid]: to make obj gurgle (as water in one's
stomach or in a closed container)

koog see Vtr ko[o]gid = to make obj gurgle Kohadk (dial: Kuhadk) N aggreg: name of a group of 'O'Odham; name of a village koi see Vintr ko: = to fall asleep; to sleep koi see Vintr ko'o = to die kokav N aggreg: a variety of ciolim, cane cholla cactus kokavag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkavag): to be full of cane cholla cacti
in one location

kokav-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: cane cholla fruit (not the bud) kokda (redupl of * ko'ida) Vtr plo (for sgo see mu'a) [Neutr: def, hort and indef kokda.
Correl: kokda-k. Dur: kokda-d. Interr: kokda-him]: to kill obj (see also ko'ijid) ex: Go:k 'ant hakokda g cu:v. I killed two rabbits. --Ha-g-kokda hegam cu:v! Kill those rabbits! --Vo ho(<ha)kokdak o ho(<ha)'ui hegam haooiga. They will kill them (the two boys) and take those pets of theirs (the two birds). --Pi 'ipt(<apt) o ho(<ha)kokdad g huav ! You(sg) will not kill deer! -- heg ves o 'i hakokdahimk. after they have been killing all of them.

kokda Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-mu'a-) [Neutr: def, hort and indef kokda]: to kill
each other ex: ..hejel 'ab 'i 'ekokda. ..they killed each other.

kokdai N inalien pl (for sgs see mu'a) [1st pers sg: kokdai]: one's kills (see also
ko'odc)

kokdaiku N mult (for sing see mu'aku): place where, instrument with which, one
kills things mumuval hakokdaiku NExpr: flyswatter

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kokdaiku-/ kokl[h]ai kokdaiku-ki: NComp [loc: kokdaiku-ki:-c-'e]: slaughterhouse kokdaim s- V subst tr plo (for sgo see s-mu'am): to wish to kill obj
ex: Cum shakokdaim. He would like to kill them.

kokdaime Vtr Unit plo and sgs (for pls see kokdayo) [Neutr: def kokdaim; hort
kokdaime]: to go and kill obj

kokdaim[e]am N subst sg (for pl see kokdayokam): one on his way to kill things kokdayo Vtr plo and pls (for sgs see kokdaime) [Neutr: def kokdayo]: to go and kill
obj

kokdayokam N subst pl (for sg see kokdaim[e]am): ones on their way to kill obj
ex: 'Ece:m g hakokdayokam 'o'odham. They arrived, the people coming to kill them.

kokkavag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokavag): to be full of cane cholla cacti
in several locations

kokkjig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokjig): to be full of pigs in several
locations

kokk[o]ba see N ko:ba: = glass kokkoig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokoig): to be full of ghosts in various
locations

kokkomkcuag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokomkcuag): to be full of

desert tortoises in several locations

kokkotpulig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokotpulig): to be full of cicadas in
several locations

kokkov Vtr Repet (for Unit see kov) [Neutr: indef kokkov. Dur: kokkova-d]: to dig obj
out of the ground repeatedly

kokkso'onag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kokso'onag): to be full of rats in
various locations

kokkto see koto = shirt kokl[h]ai see kol[h]ai = fence, corral

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koklogid/ kokoi koklogid Vtr plo (for sgo see kol[o]gid) [Neutr: def koklog; hort koklogid]: to make
obj rattle, clang, clatter

Kokllodi see N Kol:di = name of a group of 'O'odham Kokllodig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-Kol:dig): to be full of Kol:di
people in various locations

koko (redupl of *ko'o) Vintr pls (for sgs see mumku) [Neutr: indef koko. Dur: koko-d.
Interr: koko-him]: to get sick ex: Nam kokohim? Have you been sick? --Natk o kokod? Are they going to be sick constantly?

kok[o]ba see N ko:ba = glass kok[o]dam N subst pl (for sg see mumkudam): invalids (ones who are continually
sick)

kok[o]dam vu Stat Expr pls (for sgs see vu mumkudam): to be invalids kok[o]dam haki: NExpr: hospital
ex: Ga hu vo'o kokdam haki: 'ab. He is (lying) at the hospital. --'Am hu daha g nnavoj heg'ea kokdam haki:. My friend is convalescent (sitting) in the hospital. --Hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'i vu: 'ab kokdam haki: 'amje. I just got out of the hospital.

kokodma s- Vsubst intr pls (for sgs see s-mumkudma): to appear to be, to have the
appearance of being, sick ex: K hab hi skokdma. I thought they were sick.

kokodsid Vreflex pls (for sgs see kodsid) [Neutr: def 'e-kokods; hort 'e-kokodsid]: to
cross oneself ex: Tt o tkokods. We'll cross ourselves. --'E-g-o-'o(<'e)kokodsid! Cross yourselves!

kokokig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of shells in one location kokok N aggreg: shell of mollusk (both sea shell and snail shell) kokoho N aggreg: burrowing owl kokoi (redupl of *ko'i) N aggreg: ghost(s)

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kokoicud/ kok[o]ma kokoicud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-kokoic; hort 'e-kokoicud]: to turn into a ghost kokoicud Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see mumk[]cud) [Neutr: def kokoic]: to make obj
become sick ex: Nat 'emkokoic? Did it make you get sick?

kokoidayo in bahidaj kokoidayo VExpr Distr (for Unit see bahidaj ko'io): to
camp out during the saguaro harvest (to go and eat saguaro fruit)

kokoig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkkoig): to be full of ghosts in one
location

kokoimk s- Stat pls (for sgs see s-mumkuimk) [Neutr: indef skokoimk]: to be prone
to getting sick ex: Hegam 'o skokoimk. They get sick easily.

kokoitho Vtr Repet (for Unit see ko'ito) [Neutr: indef kokoitho]: to finish off one's
food repeatedly ex: Pi kokoitho. He never finishes his food.

kok[o]ji see N ko:ji = pig, wild pig kok[o]jig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkjig): to be full of pigs in one
location ex: Skokjig 'an do'ag 'oidc. It's full of pigs on the mounain.

kok[o]jiga see Stat ko:jiga = to have a pig kok[o]jiga s- Stat: to have many pigs kok[o]jigakam see N subst ko:jigakam = one having a pig kokok see Stat s-ko'ok = to be painful, to ache kokokdama see Stat Expr s-ta-ko'okdama = to be mean, harmful kok[o]ma Vtr Repet (for Unit see ko:mk) sgo [Neutr: indef kokma]: to put one's arms
around obj, to take obj in one's arms, repeatedly ex: Cum hekid kokma. He puts his arms around me each time (each time we meet).

kok[o]ma Vtr Distr (for Unit sgo see ko:mk; plo see ko:kom) [Neutr: def and hort
kokma]: to put one's arms around, to take in one's arms, several people one after the other

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kok[o]ma/ kokpk
ex: Pt o ho(<ha)kokma! You will put your arms around them (one after the other)! --Hag-hakokma! Put your arms around them (one after the other)!

kok[o]magim see Adv s-ko:magim= gray, pale kok[o]mag see Adj s-ko:mag = gray, pale kok[o]mag[] see Stat s-ko:mag[] = to be gray, pale kok[o]mag-'u'us / 'u'us-kok[o]mag (pron: kkomag'i'us) NComp aggreg:
arrow weed (a gray bush used to make arrows) ; the play sticks of the ko'omhai game

kok[o]mal see N komal = tortilla griddle kok[o]mal see N komal = godmother of one's child, mother of one's godchild kok[o]malim 'e- N: a pair of comadres (the godmother of a child and the child's
mother)

kokomkcu see N kom[]kcu = desert tortoise kokomkcuag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkomkcuag): to be full of
tortoises in one location

kokommo'ol see N kommo'ol = millipede, rain worm kokompal see N kompal = godfather of one's child, father of one's godchild kokompalim 'e-N: a pair of compadres (the godfather of a child and the child's father) kokotpul see N ko:tpul = cicada kokotpulig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkotpulig): to be full of cicadas in
one location

kokovnal see N kovnal = headman, chief kokp see Vintr kokpk = to make popping noises, to explode, blast kokpk Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see kop[o]) [Neutr: def kokp. Interr: kokpk[i]-him]: to
make a popping noise, to explode, blast once ex: Kokp 'at g gags. The guns exploded once each. -- ..ka: mat 'im hu kokp g gags. ..they heard the explosions of several guns (behind them). --B(<'ab) 'o kokpkhim g gags. The repeated blast of the guns is coming closer and closer (with interruptions).

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kokpkim/ koka kokpkim s- Adv mult (for sing see s-kop[o]im): with repeated popping noises,
explosions, crackles, blasts ex: Pi g 'am skokpkim ku:mad g lu:lsi, pt ab o vi:id! Don't crunch the candy (eat it with a crunching noise), just suck it!

koks see Vintr koka = to fall asleep repeatedly koksid Vtr Repet sgo [Neutr: indef koksid. Dur: koksida-d]: to put obj to sleep
repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i koksid? At what time do you put him to sleep (send him to bed)?

koksiku N alien aggreg [1st pers sg: -koksiku=ga]: one's pajamas or nightgown
(instrument with which one sleeps)

koksiku N inalien aggreg: hotel room for several nights, bedroom (place where one
sleeps repeatedly; see also ko:sku) ex: M 'antp o a hema bei g koksiku k 'an o kokad. I may get a hotel room to sleep in (for several nights).

koksin see N kosin = kitchen kokslo see N kos:lo = cook kokson, kokso'on see N koson = rat kokso'onag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokkso'onag): to be full of rats in
one location

kokstal see N kostal = sack, bag koksvul N alien [3rd pers sg: koksvul=ga-j]: anklets with bells used by the pascola
dancers

kok see ko = nest koka Vintr Repet (for Unit see ko:) sgs (for pls see koka) [Neutr: indef koka;
concurs koka-c. Dur: koka-d. Interr: koks[i]-him]: to sleep, to fall asleep repeatedly ex:...vu 'i gi'ik scuhugam matp 'ab 'i kokshi hega'i Ho'ok. the fourth night she kept dozing off, that Ho'ok. --Nap tok kokac? Do you(sg) snore when you sleep? -- Tok 'o kokac. He snores when he sleeps. --pi a 'i ha koka. she did not get a wink of sleep (during the four nights). --Ku 'ea g hab g hodai daha matp heg'ab mo'ovupc koka. Close by was (hearsay) the stone on which he rested his head to sleep (laid down

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koka/ kol[o]g
his head and slept repeatedly). --M 'antp o a hema bei g ko:sku k 'an o kokad. I might get a hotel room to sleep in (several nights).

kokag see N koag = case, casing of kokpa N: the boy who precedes the singers in the Vi:gida procession kokpakam N subst: one(s) with a kokpa (the boy who precedes the singers in the
Vi:gida procession)

koka Vintr Repet (for Unit see ko:k ) pls (for sgs see koka) [Neutr: indef koka.
Dur: koka-d]: to fall asleep repeatedly ex: Ha'i ab(<vab) koka. Some keep falling asleep (and waking up).

kokva see N kova = skull; idiot kokto see N koto = shirt kokto see Stat koto = to have a shirt koktova see N kotova = shoulder kokvod Vintr pls (for sgs see ko:vod) [Neutr: def kokvod. Correl: kokvod-k. Interr:
kokvoda-him]: to become full, no longer hungry ex: Namt kokvod? Are you full? --'Oi g o hugk o kokvodk pi 'im hu ha'icu 'ep o 'i 'a:gahi! Hurry up and eat your fill of it so that you won't be asking for something (to eat between meals) every now and then

kokvog see Stat s-ko:vog = to be full, no longer hungry kol see Vintr kol[o]gi = to make a clattering noise kol[h]ai (Span: corral) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kolhai-j, kolhai-); pl:
kokl[h]ai]: fence, corral ex: 'an kolhait'an= on the fence -- kolhait'am= at the corral down there --'am kolhaic'e= inside the corral --'am kolhai 'e= inside his corral

kolhai-cu:cim NComp (?) pl: standing posts supporting a fence kol[o]g Vintr [Neutr: def kol; indef kolog. Dur: kol[o]ga-d. Interr: kol[o]g[i]-him]: to
make a clattering noise, to rattle, to clang (a wagon, a horse or cow bell) ex: Ha'as a(<va) kol. It (the wagon) stopped rattling. --Kalit 'an hema kolghim. A wagon is going by rattling along (speaker does not see it but hears it). --kalit 'o kolog. My wagon rattles. --M(<'am) 'o ha'icu kolog, tp hu u(<vu) 'i nahagio. Down there there is something that makes a rattling noise, maybe it's a mouse.

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kol[o]gam/ komal kol[o]gam N: burrowing owl (also called ku:kulul) kol[o]gid Vtr sgo (for plo see koklogid) [Neutr: def kolog; hort kolgid]: to
make obj rattle, clang, clatter ex: B<'ab) g kolgid g pualt! Make the door rattle!

kol[o]gidaku N indiv: rattle (used by a baby) kol[o]gim

s- Adv: with a loud rattling, clattering noise kolog see Vtr

kol[o]gid = to make obj rattle, clang, clatter Kol:di N indiv aggreg [pl: Kokllodi]: name of a group of 'O'odham
ex: hega'i Kol:di = that Kol:di fellow -- hegam Kokllodi = those Kol:di fellows

Kol:dig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kokllodig): to be full of Kol:di people
in one location ex: Skol:dig 'ama'i. It's full of Kol:di people down there.

kolv:da (Span: corbata) N: necktie koma Adv sg: flatly koma s- Adv sg: very flatly komak Adj
sg [pl: ko'okmak]: flat komak Stat sgs [pls: ko'okmak]: to be flat komaka Vintr sgs: to become flat komakad Vtr sgo: to flatten obj

komal (Span: comadre) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg komali-j); pl: kok[o]mal]:
godmother of one's child; mother of one's godchild

komal N indiv [pl: kokmal]: flat and thin object (such as tortilla griddle) komal Adv sg [pl: ko'okmal]: thinly (see also koma)
ex: Komal g ku:p! Close it tight (thinly)! --'al komal o hia!. bury me under a thin coat (of sand)!

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komal/ komhaivag[] komal s- Adv sg: very thinly

ex: Skomal 'apt o va:! You will mix it (the dough) very thin

komal Adj sg [pl: ko'okmalk]: thin komal-gi:k NComp indiv [pl: kokmal-gi:k]: plow disc komalk Stat sgs [pls: ko'okmalk]: to be thin
ex: 'I:da'a 'o'ohon 'o 'ol(<'al) komalk. This book is rather thin.--a 'a(<'o) va 'i komalk g 'ikus. The cloth is quite thin. --Ko'okmalk 'o g cecemait. The tortillas are thin.

Komalk N subst: name of a village (where-it-is-thin-and-flat) komalka Vintr sgs [Neutr: def komalka. Interr: komalka-him]: to become thin and flat
ex: 'I 'atk komalka. It has gotten thin and flat (speaker sees it).

komalkad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort komalkad. Correl: komalkad-k]: to thin out obj, to
make obj get thin and flat ex: Nt o 'i komalkad g va:ga. I'll thin out the dough. --.k 'am 'al 'i komalkadk 'am ce:. and having somewhat flattened it, he put it down there.

kombi (Span: confesar) Vtr: to confess obj, to listen to the confession of obj
ex: Napt o ho(<ha)kombi? Are you going to confess them?

kombi (Span: confesar) Vreflex [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-kombi]: to confess
oneself (same as 'e-cu'ijig-'a:g) ex: Napt 'ekombi? Did you confess yourself? --Nap cum hekid 'ekombi ves domig? Do you confess yourself every week?

komhaivadag in u:dag-komhaivadag NComp: fog, mist (on the sea shore or

after a rain)

komhaivagid Vimpers tr [Neutr: def komhaivag. Interr: komhaivagida-him]: to get

foggy around obj ex: Tkomhaivag 'itk(<atk). It's foggy around us (evidential). -- Tkomhaivagidahim 'ok. It's getting foggy around us (evidential).

komhaivag see Vimpers tr komhaivagid: to get foggy around obj komhaivag[] s- Stat: to be hazy, foggy
ex: 'I 'o ob(<vab) a(<va) cum hekid skomhaivag. It's hazy all the time here. --Kutp cum hekid skomhaivag? Is it hazy all the time?

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kom/ kovaag kom N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: komi-j); pl: ko:kom]: small of the back; shell of a
nut or a turtle

komkcu/ kom[]kcu N indiv [pl: kokomkcu]: turtle, desert tortoise; name of a

basket design

Komkcu 'e-Va:'osidk subst NExpr: name of a village, Sells (where-a-turtle gotstuck)

kom see Vtr kom[]p = to put obj on the lower part of one's back kom[]c semi Stat tr sgs (for pls see ko:kom[]c) [Neutr: indef kom[]c. Dur:
kom[]ci-d]: to have obj on the lower part of one's back

kom[]cug Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef komcug]: to move with obj on the lower part of
one's back, to carry obj on the lower part of one's back

kom[]p Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see ko:kom[]p)[Neutr: def kom'i; hort kom[]p[]]:
to put obj on the lower part of one's back ex: g 'evoga 'im 'ep kom. he also put his quiver on his back. --B(<'ab) g komp! Put it on your back!

kommo'ol N indiv [pl: kokommo'ol]: millipede, rainworm kommo'olig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of millipedes, rainworms in one location kompal (Span: compadre) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kompali-j); pl: kokompal]:
godfather of one's child; father of one's godchild

kompig Vtr sgo [Neutr: def komp; hort kompig]: to remove the shell/carapace of obj,
such as the shell/carapace of an insect

komp see Vtr kompig = to remove the shell/carapace of obj konjeluv (assim of *kojeluv) s- Stat sgs: to have bad breath (also called s-banjeluv
and s-kouv)

kouv s- Stat sgs: to have bad breath (also called s-bauv and s-konjeluv) kovaag N inalien: one's saliva (also called sisvaag)

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skovaag/ kop[o]im kovaag s- Stat sgs: to have a lot of saliva, to salivate a lot (also called s-sisvaag) kop see Vintr kop[o] = to make a popping noise kopke Vintr [Neutr: def and indef kopke. Correl: kopke-k; immed: kopke-ka-'i]: to make
reiterated popping noises, to explode, blast reiteratedly (such as a machine gun), to thunder blast reiteratedly ex: Kopke 'o c ju:k. There is a thunderstorm (thunder keeps blasting while it is raining). --Tk o kopkek ju:. It will thunder several times and then it will start raining. --Vepegc kopkec ju:k. There is a storm with lightning, thunder and rain (lightning keeps striking, thunder keeps blasting and it rains at the same time).

kopodk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef kopodk); pls: ko'okpodk]: to be swollen, bloated kopodka Vintr sgs [Neutr: def kopodka. Interr: kopodka-him]: to become swollen
ex: 'I kopodka g va:ga. My dough has raised (has become swollen).--'I kopodka g jevu. The soil is swollen (as when a plant is about to come out).

kopodka Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def kopodka]: to make obj become swollen, bloated
(same as toskoncud) ex: kopodka 'at. I am bloated (it made me get bloated).

kopodkad Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort kopodkad]: to blow air in obj (same as
kookad)

kopodkam N subst sg: one who is bloated (same as toskoim) kopondaku (assim of *kopoidaku) N: instrument with which to make a popping
noise ge'ege-kopondaku NComp aggreg: locoweed/milvetch (a plant with seed pods that are full of air)

kop[o] Vintr sgs (for pls see kokpk) [Neutr: def kop. Correl: kopon-k. Interr:
kop[o][i]-him]: to make a popping noise, to explode, blast once, to thunderblast once ex: B(<vab) 'ab 'al kop. It just popped (not very loud). --Kop 'at g u:kaj g ma:gina. The tire of the car blew out. --Kop 'at. There was one blast of thunder. --Koponk ju:. There was one blast of thunder and then it started to rain. --B(<'ab) 'o kophim. The blasting (of the thunder) is coming this way.

kop[o]im s- Adv sing (for mult see kokpkim): with a popping noise, with a blast
ex: Skopim ohi. He made it pop by hitting it (he hit it with a popping noise).

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kops/ koto kops see Vtr kopsid = to make obj pop kopsid Vtr [Neutr: def kops; hort and indef kopsid. Dur: kopsida-d]: to make obj pop
(such as a bag full of air or a tire) ex: Nt o kops g tapial-kostal. I'll make the paper bag pop. --Kopsida! Make it pop! --Pi g 'am kopsidad! Don't make it pop continually!

kosin (Span: cosina) N indiv [pl: koksin]: kitchen kos:lo/ kosilo (Span: cosinero) N indiv [pl: koksilo/ koksilo]: cook koson (dial: koso) N indiv [pl: kokso'on/ kokson]: rat; packrat kostal (Span: costal) N inalien indiv [sg (loc: kostal-c-'e); pl: kokstal]: sack, bag
ex: Ba'ihama 'am kostalc'e. Pack it in the sack! ba:bas-kostal NComp indiv: potato sack, bag (a sack filled with potatoes) cu'i-kostal NComp indiv: flour sack, bag (a sack filled with flour) pilka-kostal NComp indiv: wheat sack (a sack filled with wheat) hog-kostal NComp inalien indiv: leather bag, purse (a bag made of leather) huav-'eldag-kostal NComp inalien indiv: buckskin bag (a bag made of buck skin) tapial-kostal NComp: paper bag (a bag made of paper) tahum-kostal NComp inalien indiv [pl: tahum-kokstal]: gunny sack, burlap bag toki-kostal NComp inalien indiv: cottonsack (the sack used to put cotton in) 'ikus-kostal NComp inalien indiv: cloth sack, bag

kot[h]obig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of sacred datura in one location kot[h]ob N aggreg: sacred datura, a bush kotoncud (assim of *kotocud) Vdtr sing [Neutr: def kotonc; hort kotoncud]: to make
a shirt out of obj for somebody

koton[a]d (assim of *kotoad) Vreflex sing and sgs [Neutr: def and hort 'ekotonad]: to put one's shirt on

kotont (assim of *kotot) Vtr sing [Neutr: def, hort kotont]: to make a shirt out of obj koto N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kotoi-j); pl: kokto; distr: kokkto]: shirt koto Stat sing [mult: kokto]: to have a shirt

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kot[o]va/ kookalig kot[o]va N inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -koktva; 3rd pers sg kotova-j; loc kotova-t'an); pl: koktova]: shoulder

kot[o]vava Vintr Unit sing [Neutr: def and hort kotovava]: to bump one's shoulder
(with locative complement) ex: B(<'ab) 'at si kotovava. He bumped his shoulder (against it).

ko N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg koa-j, koa-); pl: kok]: nest
ex: 'am koc'e: inside a nest --'am 'eko 'ea: inside its own nest --'am koa 'e: inside its nest. hava-ko NComp indiv: crow nest 'u'uvhig-ko NComp indiv: bird nest

ko Stat sing: to have a nest

ex: Ku g'ea 'ab ko hega'i Ba'ag. In it (a cave up on a mountain) up there he had (hearsay) a nest, that Eagle. -- 'ea g'an ko. It is said that at that time, it (a cactus wren) had a nest on it (a cholla).

kocud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def koc; hort kocud]: to make one nest out of obj for
somebody

koag in ha'icu koag NExpr: case, casing for something

ga:t-koag NComp indiv: gun case mo'ocku-koag NComp indiv [pl: mo'ocku-kokag/ mo:micku-kokag]: pillow case nov-koag NComp indiv [pl: no:nhai-kokag]: glove

koo Adv sg: full of air, puffed up kook Adj sg: full of air, puffed up kook Stat sgs: to be ful1 of air, puffed up kooka Vintr sgs [Neutr: def kooka. Interr: kooka-him]: to become full of air,
puffed up ex: N(<'an) hu ab kooka. It just billowed (a skirt in the wind).

kookad Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort kookad]: to blow air in obj (such as in a
balloon; same as kopodkad)

kookalig N: baking powder (it makes the dough get full of air)

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kot/ kovnalig kot Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort kot]: to make a nest out of obj kova N inalien indiv [pl: kokva]: skull; blockhead, idiot kov Vtr Unit (for Repet see kokkov) [Neutr: def ko:k; hort ko:kov; imper sgs ko:kovi/ ko:kova-; indef kov. Dur: kova-d]: to dig obj out of the ground ex: ..pi:gokaj 'ab 'i 'ep ko:k. ..with a pick he dug in there again. -- M g 'i ko:kov g jevu! Dig in the ground down there! -- G 'o hu kov g jevu. He is digging in the ground over there. --M g ab 'i kovad! Keep on digging in it!

kovk s- Adj sg [pl: s-kovpk]: thick kovk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-kovk); pls: s-kovpk]: to be thick kovka Vintr sgs (for pls see kovpka) [Neutr: def kovka. Interr: kovka-him]: to thicken
ex: Ge 'etk(<'atk) kovka. It has gotten thick unexpectedly (speaker sees it).

kovkad Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort kovkad]: to thicken obj kovkam s- Adv sg [pl: s-kovpkam]: thickly
ex: Skovkam 'apt o va:. You will mix it thick (make a thick paste). -- Skovkam ki:tas. It is built thick (with thick walls). s-kovkam ko: VExpr sgs: to sleep soundly

kovke Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef kovke. Dur: kovke-d]: to make a rustling noise off and on
ex: Si kovke g sivlog. A whirlwind makes a loud rustle that goes off and on.

kovk-vakus NComp/NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -kovk-vakus/ kovk -vakus;
loc: kovk-vakus-c-'e); pl: kovpk-va:pakus]: mattress

kovnal (Span: gobernador) N indiv [pl: kokovnal]: headman, village chief, governor, of
a place (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Santa-Rosat'am kovnal= the headman of (at) Santa Rosa.

kovnal vu Stat Expr sgs: to be headman, village chief, of a place (with locative
complement expressed or implied) ex: 'A:i 'a u kovnal. I am the village chief.

kovnalig N inalien indiv [1st pers pl t-kovnalig]: one's headman, chief

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kovnalig/ kovpk kovnalig vu Stat Expr sgs: to be some body's headman, chief
ex: ..hega'i mo 'om(<'am) u hakovnalig: ..the one who is their chief down there.

kovnal-pionag NComp: government employee kovnal-pionag vu Stat Expr: to be a government employee

ex: 'A:i 'a u kovnal-pionag. I am a government employee.

kovnal pionga NExpr: the governor's employee kovo see Vintr kov[o] = to make a rustling noise kovok N: shallow hole with a flat bottom surface kovok Stat impers Unit: there is a shallow hole with a flat bottom in one location kovokad Vtr sing: to make one shallow hole with a flat bottomed surface in obj
(same as kovolkad)

kovolkad Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort kovolkad]: to make a shallow hole in obj with a
flat boftomed surface (same as kovokad) ex:'ab 'al 'i kovolkad g jevu 'ab vav veco. ... he made a kind of hole in the ground at the foot of the cliff.

kovondad see Vtr kov[o]id = to make obj rustle kov[o] Vintr sgs [Neutr: def kovo; indef kovo. Dur: kovi-d. Interr: kov[o][i]-him]:
to make a rustling noise, to rustle (like paper that is being crumpled) ex: Ha'as a(<va) kovo. The rustling stopped. --Tapial 'o kovo. Paper makes a rustling noise. --T o kovid. It will make a continuous rustling noise.

kovo see Vtr kov[o]id = to make obj rustle kov[o]id Vtr [Neutr: def kovo; hort and indef kov[o]id. Dur: kovida-d/ kovondad]: to make obj rustle ex: Tapial 'am si kovid. He is making the papers rustle loudly.

kov[o]im s- Adv: with a rustling, cracking, slight crunching noise

ex: Skovim ku:m. He eats something that makes a crunching noise.

kovpk see Adj s-kovk = thick

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kovpk/ ko'i haki: kovpk see Stat s-kovk = to be thick kovpka Vintr pls (for sgs see kovka) [Neutr: def kovpka. Interr: kovpka-him]: to
become thick

kovpkam see Adv s-kovkam = thickly kovpkam-cecemait NComp aggreg: name of a variety of tortilla (thick tortilla; also
called vakial-cecemait)

kovpkam-cecemait VComp tr [Neutr: def kovpkam-cecemait]: to make thick tortillas

out of obj

ko'i see Vintr ko'o = to die ko'i N inalien pl (for sg see mumk): corpses, dead bodies (of people, animals or plants
that have died of natural causes) ex: ko'i c dodakam: the dead ones and the live ones -- Hegam ko'i 'u:pam vo 'ececgto. The dead will come back to life. --Mu:k gm hu 'i 'ebei mo 'on(<'an) 'eto'av g ko'i. After his death, he was taken to where the dead are put.

ko'i vu Stat Expr pls (for sgs see vu mu:k): to be corpses, dead ones
ex: c hegam matp ha'i mu'i 'a'ahid 'ab 'am u a(<va) 'i ko'i. and those few who had been dead for many years. --Vu si hek hu ko'i. They have been dead for a long time.

ko'ic see Vdtr ko'icud = to make somebody eat obj as a regular diet ko'icud Vdtr [Neutr: def ko'ic; hort and indef ko'icud]: to make somebody
eat obj as a regular diet ex: Nap 'ab ko'icud g 'ema? Do you feed it to your child?

-ko'idag in NComp pl (for sgs see -mu:kig): corpses, dead bodies

of (people, animals or plants that have died of natural causes)

ko'idag s-cu- Stat pls (for sgs see s-cu-mu'adag): to be good at killing things ko'idkam s-cu- N subst pl (for sg see s-cu-mu'adkam): ones who are good at
hunting, killing things

ko'i haki: NExpr: mortuary, funeral home (the dead their house)
ex: Ko'odc gm hu 'i 'e'u''u ko'i haki: vui. Corpses are taken to the mortuary.

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ko'ihim/ ko'ito ko'ihim see Vintr ko'o = to die ko'ihim see Vtr ku'a = to eat obj as a regular diet ko'ijid/ ko'ojid Vdtr plo (for sgo see mu'ajid) [Neutr: def ko'ij/ ko'oj; hort and indef
ko'ijid/ ko'ojid]: to kill obj for somebody ex: Pt hascu o ho(<ha)ko'oj g 'e'a'alga ? What will you kill for your children. -- ..c hako'ojid g na:nhagio, cu:v. ..and they kill mice, rabbits for them. -- ..matp hascu 'an 'i hako'ijidc hekaj hagegusid hegam eooiga. ..that they kill anything (they find) and feed their pets with that.

ko'ijid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-mu:kid) [Neutr: def 'e-ko'ij]: to get killed
by someone ex: T o a(<va) 'am 'eko'ij. They have been killed down there. --Tp 'ea 'am a(<va) ha'i 'eko'ij g 'o'odham. Some men had been killed down there before. --..mat hekid 'am 'i 'eko'ij g ma:maag. ..when her children had been killed.-- ..'am o tko'ij. ..we'll get killed there.

ko'im see Vtr ko'ime: to go and eat obj as a regular diet ko'ime Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see ko'io) [Neutr: def ko'im; hort ko'ime]: to go and eat
obj as a regular diet 'i:bhai-ko'ime VComp sgs: to die (to go and eat prickly pear as a regular diet) ex: Nt o 'i:bhai-ko'im. I am going to die.

ko'im[e]am N subst sg (for pl see ko'iokam): one who goes and eats obj as a
regular diet ex: Hema 'am cum jijivha ko'imeam g 'u'uvhig. One bird tries again and again to go there and eat it.

ko'io Vtr pls (for sgs see ko'ime) [Neutr: def ko'io]: to go and eat
obj as a regular diet bahidaj-ko'io VComp Unit (for Distr see bahidaj-kokoidayo): to go and harvest saguarofruit, to camp out for the saguaro harvest (to go and eat saguaro fruit)

ko'iokam N subst pl (for sg see ko'im[e]am): ones who go and eat obj as a regular
diet ex: Ha'i 'am cum daiv ko'iokam g 'u'uvhig. Some birds try again and again to go there and eat it.

ko'ito (elis of *ko'itho) Vtr Unit (for Repet see kokoitho) [Neutr: def and hort ko'ito;
imper sgs ko'ito-. Correl: ko'ito-k]: to finish off one's everyday food (what one eats as a regular diet)

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ko'ito/ko'okdama
ex: T hems ab voho 'i ves tko'ito. He may eat all of us. --Pt o hugcudk hugcudk hekid o 'ip ko'ito! Feed it to him, feed it to him until he has eaten it all! -- Ko'ito! Eat all of it! --'am 'i ko'itokhaving finished it off

ko'o Vintr pls (for sgs see mu:k-) [Neutr: def koi; imper ko'i-vo; hort ko:-'i; indef ko'o.
Dur: ko'o-d. Interr: ko'i-him]: to die ex: Koi 'at. They have died. --Vatk o koi hemu. There is evidence that they will die soon. --Hemu 'ut(<'at) o ko'ihid. Soon they are going to be dying (one after the other). --ko'ihim 'o. They are dying. --..c 'ab a(<va) 'i ko:kc ko'o. and they die in their sleep. --Kut g hemajkam o ko'od. People will go on dying.

ko'odc N inalien pl (for sg see mu'adc): corpses of people, or animals that have been
killed (see also kokdai) ex: Ko'odc gm hu 'i 'e'u''u ko'i haki: vui. Corpses are taken to the mortuary. --Kutp 'ea hega'i hako'odc ha'as 'i daha. Meanwhile their corpses (of the people the Eagle had killed) formed a pile. --..'ama'i matp 'am hauhullig g 'eko'odc. ..down there where he always throws his kills (the corpses of the people he has killed).

ko'ods N: giant reptile (a mythological monster) ko'ojid see Vdtr ko'ijid = to kill obj for somebody ko'ok s- N subst: pain, painful, harmful
ex: Nap a(<va) snakog g sko'ok? Are you good at standing pain? --k u si sko'ok ha'icu 'i:da'a. and this is a painful thing. ko'ok s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ko'ok); pls: s-kokok]: to be painful, to ache; to be hot to the taste ex: mo'o a 'i si sko'ok. I have a splitting headache (my head aches a lot). --Sko'ok 'a g mo'oj. I hear he has a headache (his head hurts). --No sko'ok? Does it hurt?--Sko'ok g vo:k. I have a stomachache. --ba'idk 'o sko'ok. I have a sore throat. --Skokok g 'o:'o. My bones ache (all over).

ko'okam s- Adv: painfully

ex: Napt sko'okam 'eju:? Did you hurt yourself? --Pi g 'am hu sko'okam ju, vat o oa. Don't hurt him, he is going to cry. --'Atsp 'oia sko'okam 'i ge:k 'ab 'ecuhug. Having hurt himself in falling, he lost consciousness.

ko'okdama s-ta- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ta-ko'okdama; def s-ta-ko'okdama=k. Dur: sta-ko'okdama=ka-d); pls: s-ta-kokokdama]: to be mean, nasty, harmful (same as s-ta-ke'idama) ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-ko'okdama. He is mean. -- Tk o stako'okdamak. He will be mean.

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ko'okdamakam/ ko'okpodk ko'okdamakam s-ta- N subst sg: one who is mean, nasty, harmful (same as
s-ta-ke'idamakam)

ko'okmak see Adj komak = flat ko'okmak (redupl of komak) N aggreg: a variety of paloverde with flat pods ko'okmakag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of paloverdes in one location ko'okmal see Adv komal = thinly ko'okmal-cecemait NComp aggreg: a variety of tortillas (thin tortillas) ko'okmal-cecemait VComp tr [Neutr: def ko'okmal-cecemai]: to make thin tortillas
out of obj ex: Nt o ha'i ko'okmal-cecemai. 1'11 make a few thin tortillas.

ko'okmalk see Adj komalk = thin ko'okmalk see Stat komalk = to be thin and flat ko'oko (assim of *ko'oka) Vintr [Neutr: def ko'oko. Interr: ko'oko-him]: to become
painful, to get to hurt, ache ex: T o a(<va) kekiva mat 'am o 'i ko'oko hega'i mo'oj. He (the horse) will stop for good when his head starts hurting. --Kut o a(<va) ko'oko hega'i 'am haveheji. That will be painful to them. --Ko'okohim g mo'o. I am getting a headache (my head is getting to ache).

ko'okod (assim of *ko'okad) Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort ko'okod]: to hurt, give pain
to, obj ex: Mu'i iokc ha'icukaj ko'okod. He said many hurtful things to me.

ko'okol (assim of *ko'okal) N alien aggreg: chile pepper (both plant and fruit) ko'okol-cu'i NComp mass: chile pepper powder ko'okol-gi'im NComp: a string of chile peppers ko'okol-hido NComp mass: stewed chile peppers ko'okpodk see Stat kopodk = to be swollen, bloated

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ko'om/ ko:bako'om Vintr [Neutr: def ko'om. Correl: ko'om-k]: to get the four sticks face down, to get
the highest score (in both the gins and the ko'omhai games) ex: ..'am haha ko'omk and then having gotten the four sticks face down

ko'omhai (met of *ko'omahi) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ko'omhai; hort 'e-ko'omhai ]: to

play the ko'omhai game against each other ex: Tt o tko'omhai! Let's play ko'omhai against each other! --'E-g-o-'o(<'e)ko'omhai! Play ko'omhai against each other!

ko'omhaiaku (met of *ko'omahiaku) N: set of four sticks for a game similar to

gins but played only by women

ko'omkaj Adv: all face down (the four sticks in the gins and ko'omhai games)
ex:ko'omkaj vi:u. with all face down he won the game.

ko'ovig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ko:ko'ovig): to be full of rattlesnakes in
one location

ko'ov (dial: ko'o) N indiv [pl: ko:ko'ov]: rattlesnake; venemous snake

'a'agam-ko'ov NComp indiv [pl: 'a'agam-ko:ko'ov]: a variety of rattlesnake (which does not crawl but jumps)

ko'ov-ta:tam NComp aggreg: desert-senna, rattleweed (also called ko'ov-ta:tk) ko'ov-ta:tk NComp aggreg: desert-senna, rattleweed (also called ko'ov-ta:tam)

ko:-

ko: see Vtr ko:m = to put one's arms around obj, to take obj in one's arms ko:ba (Span: copa) N alien indiv [pl: kok[o]ba; distr: kokk[o]ba]: glass for drinking
ex: Hemako ko:ba 'ant 'i: g u:dag. I drank one glass of water. --Go:k 'ant o ho(<ha)'i: g kokoba g u:dag. I'll drink two glasses of water --He'ekia 'i ha'i: g kokoba? How many glasses (of it) did you drink?

ko:ba-u:dagim Adv Comp: by the cupful

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ko:ji/ ko:kom ko:ji (Span: cochi) N alien indiv [pl: kok[o]ji]: pig, wild pig, peccary, jabali, jabalina
do'agc'e-ko:ji/ do'ag-'e-ko:ji NComp indiv [pl: do'agc'e-kok[o]ji]: wild pig, peccary, jabali, javelina (also called do'agt'ab-ko:ji or misci-ko:ji) do'agt'ab-ko:ji NComp indiv [pl: do'agt'ab-kok[o]ji]: peccary, jabali, javelina (also called do'agc'e-ko:ji and misci-ko:ji) ex: Smu'ij g do'agt'ab kokji 'aba'i heg'ab do'ag. Wild pigs are numerous on that mountain. misci-ko:ji NComp indiv [pl: misci-kok[o]ji]: wild pig, peccary, jabali, jabaling (also called do'agt'ab-ko:ji or do'agc'e-ko:ji) misci-kokjig s-Stat impers Unit: to be full of peccaries in one location

ko:ji-cu:kug NComp mass: pork ko:ji-cu:kug NComp aggreg: pieces of pork ko:jiga Stat sing [mult: kok[o]jiga]: to have a pig ko:jigakam N subst sing [mult: kok[o]jigakam]: one having a pig
Pi-ha-Ko:jigakam: NComp (?): a nickname (one who does not have a pig)

ko:ji oiga NExpr inalien indiv [ sg (1st pers sg: ko:ji n-oiga); pl: kok[o]ji ooiga]:
domesticated pig ex: Nt o 'i'ic g ko:ji noiga. I'll water my pig.

ko:k see Vtr kov = to dig obj out of the ground ko:k see Vintr ko:k = to fall asleep, to sleep ko:ko N aggreg: pelican, seagull or crane ko:koag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of pelicans/ sea gulls/ cranes in one location ko:kom Vtr plo (for sgo see ko:mk) [Neutr: hort ko:kom. Correl: ko:kom-k; immed:
ko:kom-ka-'i]: to put one's arms around obj ex: ia t 'ab hab 'i hako:komk Well (hearsay) having put his arms around (both of) them.

ko:kom Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ko:mk) [Neutr: hort 'e-ko:kom]: to put one's arms
around each other ex: 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)ko:kam! Put your arms around each other!

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ko:komc/ ko:ksimcud ko:komc semi Stat reflex pls: to have one's arms around each other ko:komcug Vreflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-ko:komcug]: to move with one's arms around
each other

ko:kom see kom = small of the back, shell ko:kom[]c/ ko:komac semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see kom[]c) [Neutr: indef
ko:komc]: to have obj on the lower part of one's back ex: ..g 'evopoga hako:komc. ..they have their quivers on their backs.

ko:kom[]p Vtr Unit pls (for sgs see kom[]p) [Neutr: def ko:kom ; hort
ko:kom[]p[]]: to put obj on the lower part of one's back ex: Mt o ho(<ha)ko:kom g 'evopoga! You(pl) will put your quivers on your backs.

ko:kok Vintr Distr (for Unit pls see ko:k, sgs see ko:) [Neutr: def ko:kok.
Interr: ko:koka-him]: to fall asleep one after the other ex: Gm hu ab 'i ko:kok. One after the other they fell asleep.

ko:kov- see Vtr kov = to dig obj out of the ground ko:ko'ovig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ko'ovig): to be full of rattlesnakes
in several locations

ko:ko'ov see N ko'ov = rattlesnake ko:ks see Vintr ko:k = to fall asleep, to sleep ko:ks see Vtr ko:ksid = to put obj to sleep ko:ksid Vtr plo (for sgo see ko:sid) [Neutr: def ko:ks; hort and indef ko:ksid.
Dur: ko:ksida-d]: to put obj to sleep, to make obj sleep ex: Napt hako:ks? Did you put them to bed? -- P hekid 'i hako:ksid? At what time do you (usually) put them to bed?

ko:ksig see N ko:sig = sleep, sleepiness ko:ksim see Adv s-ko:sim = wishing to sleep ko:ksim s- Vsubst intr pls (for sgs see s-ko:sim): to wish to sleep ko:ksimcud s-Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see s-ko:simcud) [Neutr: def sko:ksimc; indef
s-ko:ksimcud. Interr: s-ko:ksimcuda-him]: to make obj become sleepy ex: Stko:ksimc ['at]. We are sleepy (it made us become sleepy).

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ko:ksimk/ ko:magid ko:ksimk see Stat s-ko:simk = to want to sleep, to be sleepy ko:ksk see Stat s-ko:sk = to be a heavy sleeper ko:kskam see N subst s-ko:skam = one who is a heavy sleeper ko:kso Vintr pls (for sgs see ko:sime) [Neutr: def and hort ko:kso]: to go and sleep,
to go to bed ex: Namt o ko:kso? Are you on your way to bed?

ko:k semi Stat intr Unit (for Repet see koka; for Distr see ko:kok ) pls (for sgs see ko:) [Neutr: def ko:k; indef ko:k; hort ko:ks; concurs ko:k-c; imper ko:k-o.
Correl: ko:k-k; immed: ko:k-ka-'i; imper: ko:k-ka-'i-o. Dur: ko:ka-d; imper: ko:ka-do. Interr: ko:k =ka-him]: to fall asleep, to sleep, to be asleep ex: Vatt o ko:k. We'll go to sleep. --S'ap g o ko:ks! Sleep well! --Ko:kso! Go to sleep! -Ko:k 'o. They are asleep. --Si 'o ko:k . They are fast asleep. --Cum hekid ko:k. They sleep all the time. -- Totok 'o ko:kc. They snore as they sleep. --c 'ab a(<va) 'i ko:kc ko'o. and up there (on the mountain) they die in their sleep. --Ko:kka'io! Take a nap (immediately)! --ia t hekid 'am a(<va) 'i ko:kk 'ab 'i ma:sihi. Well, they slept until it was getting light. --Ko:kado! Keep on sleeping! gamai [hu] ko:k VExpr pls: to sleep through the night without waking up ex: Gami(<gamai) haha ko:k haha va'a. Then they slept through (the night). --Gm hu ko:k matp 'am 'i hu. After sundown they went to sleep (and slept through the night).

ko:kam see N subst ko:am: one who is asleep ko:kcug Vintr pls (for sgs see ko:cug) [Neutr: indef ko:kcug]: to move while
sleeping (as when sleeping in a car)

ko:kdam see N subst ko:dam: one who sleeps continually Ko:kogi-Do'ag NComp(?) : name of a mountain in Sonora on which grows the
ko:sidaku-'u:s, a bush that puts one to sleep ex: 'A hab u "Ko:kagi-Do'ag" c heg hab 'a:ga mo g 'an ke:k ko:sidaku-'u:s. It is referred to as Ko:kagi-Do'ag and that means that on it stands the ko:sidaku bush.

ko:m N aggreg: hackberry, a bush ko:m see Vtr ko:mk = to put one's arms around obj, to take obj in one's arms ko:m see Vreflex 'e-ko:mk- = to put one's arms around (with a locative complement) ko:magid Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def ko:mag]: to make obj become pale, gray
ex: a 'al ko:mag. I don't feel good (it made me get quite pale).

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ko:magim/ ko:mgijid ko:magim s- Adv sg [pl: s-kokomagim]: gray, pale

ex: Sko:magim sce:dag. It's pale green. --Skokomagim scehedag. They are pale green

ko:magi maad NExpr: the month of February (gray moon) ko:magi-mu:val NComp indiv: a variety of fly (gray fly) ko:magi-vama NComp indiv [pl: ko:magi-vahamma]: a variety of snake (gray
snake)

komagi-vamaag s-Stat Comp impers: to be full of gray snakes in one location ko:mag see Vimpers tr ko:magid = to make obj become pale, gray ko:mag s- Adj sg [pl: s-kok[o]mag]: gray, pale ko:mag[] s- Stat sgs [pls: s-kokomag]: to be gray, pale ko:mag[]-hidoaku NComp aggreg: a variety of lizard (gray cooking pot) ko:mc semi Stat tr sgo [Neutr: indef ko:mc. Dur: ko:mci-d]: to have one's arms around
obj, to be holding obj in one's arms ex: Ko:mc g 'ema. She is holding her baby in her arms. --Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id mant o ko:mcid g 'ali. I don't like to be holding the baby in my arms.

ko:mcug Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef ko:mcug]: to move while holding obj in one's arms, to
carry obj in one's arms ex: Ko:mcug g 'ema. She is carrying her baby in her arms.

ko:mgi Vimpers intr/tr [Neutr: def ko:mgi. Interr: ko:mgi-him]: to get foggy
ex: Ko:mgihim 'o It's getting foggy. --Tko:mgihim 'o. The fog is coming toward us.

ko:mgig s- Stat Unit: to be foggy in one location ko:mgijid Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ko:mgij; hort ko:mgijid]: to make obj pale, gray; to
powder obj

ko:mgijid Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ko:mgij; hort 'e-ko:mgijid]: to make oneself pale,
gray; to powder one's face ex: 'E-g-ko:mgijid! Powder your face!

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ko:mgijidaku/ ko:sidaku ko:mgijidaku N: face powder (instrument to make obj gray, pale) ko:mho Vimpers intr [Neutr: def ko:mho. Interr: ko:mho-him]: to clear up (for fog)
ex: Ko:mho ['ot(<'at)]. The fog has cleared up. --Ko:mhohim ['o]. The fog is clearing up.

ko:mk- Vtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see kok[o]ma) sgo (for plo see ko:kom)
[Neutr: def kom; hort: ko:mk; imper sgs komki-. Correl: kom-k; immed: kom-ka-'i]: to put one's arms around obj, to take obj in one's arms (same as ko:m) ex: 'I be: b(<'ab) 'ant o ko:m! Give him (the baby to me), I'll take him in my arms! -B(<'ab) g ko:mk! Take him in your arms! --B(<'at) ko:m g 'emo:s. She took her grandson in her arms. --Ga hu hab ko:m hega'i ha'a. He put his arms around that olla (in order to carry it). --'am 'ep ko:mk ga hu hab 'ep ce: 'ep. he put his arms around it (the olla) and put it aside.

ko:mk- Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ko:kom) [Neutr: def 'e-ko:m; hort 'ekomk]: to put
one's arms around (with locative complement) ex: k 'in hu o 'o(<'e)ko:m kusvo 'ana'i!...and put your arms around my neck! --'In 'apt hu o 'o(<'e)ko:m kusvo 'an! Put your arms around my neck!

Ko:m Vo'o NExpr: name of a village (hackberry charco)

ex: Ko:m Vo'o 'am 'o ki:. He lives down at Ko:m Vo'o.

ko:s see Vtr ko:sid = to put obj to sleep ko:s see Vreflex 'e-ko:sid = to put oneself to sleep, to go to sleep ko:s N inalien [3rd pers sg ko:si-j, ko:si-]: sleep, act of sleeping
ex: 'am ko:si 'ea = in/during his sleep.

ko:sid Vtr Unit (for Repet see koksid) sgo (for plo see ko:ksid) [Neutr: def ko:s; hort
and indef ko:sid; imper sgs ko:sida-. Correl: ko:sid- k; immed: ko:sid-ka-'i. Compl: ko:sid-ok]: to put obj to sleep, to make obj sleep ex: Nap ko:s? Did you put him to sleep? --'Att hekaj o ko:s 'i:da'a Ho'ok. With it (the soporific tobacco) we will put this Ho'ok to sleep. --Ko:sida! Put him to sleep! --Ko:sid 'a g 'ali. I usually put the baby to sleep. -- Vo ko:sidka'ik o mua. He will put her to sleep immediately and kill her.

ko:sid Vreflex [Neutr: Correl: 'e-ko:sid-k; immed: ko:sid-ka-'i]: to put oneself to sleep,
to go to bed ex: Vo 'o(<'e)ko:sidk o tvu:pa si'alim! Go to bed and wake us up tomorrow!

ko:sidaku N: sleeping pills, sedative, soporific (instrument that puts one to sleep)

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ko:sidaku-/ ko:sk ko:sidaku-'ovicka NComp(?) inalien: soporific cigarette ko:sidaku-'u:s NComp: name of a bush (it is found only on a certain mountain in
Sonora, called Ko:kogi-Do'ag and only the medicine men who were fast runners would venture to go up there to pick it) ex: 'A hab u "Ko:kogi-Do'ag" c heg hab 'a:ga mo g 'an ke:k ko:sidaku-'u:s. It is referred to as Ko:kog Mountain and it means that on it stands the ko:sidaku bush.

ko:sig N inalien [distr: ko:ksig]: sleep, sleepiness

ex: 'Atp 'ab 'i 'ai g ko:sig. Sleep overtook him. -- 'I ha'ai g ko:ksig. Sleep overtook each one of them in tum.

ko:sim s- Adv sg [pl: sko:ksim]: wishing to sleep

ex: Sko:sim 'evua. He acts sleepy (wishing to sleep). --Sko:ksim 'evua. They act sleepy.

ko:sim s- Vsubst intr sgs (for pls see s-ko:ksim): to wish to sleep
ex: Cum 'a sko:sim. I'd like to sleep. --Sko:sim mo 'om(<'am) u 'i gi'ik huu. She is sleepy when it is the fourth evening. --c hekaj 'atp ab voho 'i sko:sim. and therefore she would very much like to sleep. --Sko:simk pi 'ap hi:. He is too sleepy to be able to walk.--M 'apt hekid o sko:sim 'am o va: k 'am o koi 'ama'i. When you wish to sleep, go in there and go to sleep.--Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o sko:simk o koi. Soon I'll wish to sleep and therefore will go to sleep.

ko:simcud s- semi Stat impers tr sgo [Neutr: def s-ko:simc; indef s-ko:simcud. Dur: sko:simcuda-d. Interr: sko:simcuda-him/ s-ko:simcud=ka-himl: to cause obj to get sleepy ex: Sko:simc ['at]. I have become sleepy (it has made me become sleepy). --Cum 'a sko:simkahimc hemu haha pi ko:simcud. I was sleepy but now I am no longer.

ko:sime Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see ko:kso) [Neutr: def ko:sim; hort ko:sime]: to go
and sleep, to go to bed ex: Napt o ko:sim? Are you on your way to bed? --Nt o ko:sim. I am on my way to bed. - Gm 'ant hu o ko:sim. I am on my way to sleep over there.

ko:simk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ko:simk. Dur: s-ko:simka-d. Interr: s-ko:simkahim); pls: s-ko:ksimk]: to want to sleep, to be sleepy ex: Nap sko:simk? Are you sleepy? --Nt o ha'i mma: g pills kupt pi o sko:simkad. I'll give you some pills that will keep you awake (so that you will not be sleepy). --Cum 'a sko:simkahimc hemu haha pi ko:simcud. I was sleepy before, but now I am not.

ko:sk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ko:sk; pls: s-ko:ksk]: to be a heavy sleeper
ex: Sko:sk 'o. He is a heavy sleeper. --Sko:ksk 'o. They are heavy sleepers.

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ko:skam/ ko:c ko:skam s- N subst sg [pl: s-ko:kskam]: one who is a heavy sleeper ko:sku (elis of* ko:siku) N: a hotel, hotel room for the night (place where one sleeps
once; see also koksiku) ex: M 'antp o a hema bei g ko:sku k o koi. I might get a room for the night and sleep (there).

ko:sog Vintr sgs [Neutr: def ko:so; indef ko:sog. Interr: ko:sog[i]-himl: to go to bed
(same as ko:sime) ex: Napt o ko:so? Are you on your way to bed? -- M 'a hekid 'i ko:sog ves hacu:c g lalamba. Before going to bed (when I am on my way to bed) I turn off all the lights.

ko: semi Stat intr Unit (for Repet see koka) sgs (for pls see ko:k) [Neutr: def koi;
hort ko:s; imper ko:si-; indef ko:; concurs ko:-c. Correl: ko:-k; immed: ko:-ka-'i. Dur: ko:a-d. Interr: ko:=ka-him]: to fall asleep, to sleep ex: Senaan 'a, pi 'int(<'ant) o a 'i koi. I am wide awake, I won't fall asleep. --Vo'iva 'ant k o koi. I lay down in order to go to sleep.--Vo'ivak ko:s! Lie down and go to sleep! -S'ap g ko:s! Sleep well! --Ko:si! Go to sleep! --Si 'o ko:. He is sound asleep. -- Cum hekid ko:. He sleeps all the time. --S'ap ko:ka'ik o senaankad si'alim! Have a good sleep in order to be alert tomorrow! --S'ap ko:k! Have a good sleep! --Nt o sgevk mant o s'ap ko:ka'i. I'll be strong if I have a good sleep (first). -- hekaj matp gi'ik scuhugamac pi ha ko:k 'ea g'oidam 'ab je: hega'i ko:sidaku 'ovicka. because she has been four nights without any sleep at all during which time she has been smoking that soporific cigarette all along. ---M g ab 'i ko:ad! Just keep on sleeping (don't wake up for my sake)! --ia tp 'am 'i ko:kahimc 'am 'i ma:si. Well, he slept there until (the following) morning. gamai [hu] ko: VExpr sgs: to sleep through the night without waking up ex: Si cinna k gamai hu koi. He gave a great big yawn and slept through (the night, until the following morning). -- Gami(<gamai) 'int(<'ant) hu haha koi. Then he slept through (the night, until the following morning). kovkam ko: [s-]VExpr sgs: to sleep soundly (thickly)

ko:am N subst sg [pl: ko:kam]: one who is asleep ko:am vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ko:kam]: to be one who is asleep
ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) 'ap koi cuhug, p 'ea 'a:pi'i gm hu u(<vu) ab 'i ko:am. I could not sleep (did not sleep) well last night while you(sg) were fast asleep all through the night.

ko:c Vintr sgs [Neutr: def ko:c]: to get some sleep

ex: mantp o bei g koksiku k o ko:c. that I might take a hotel room in order to get some sleep.

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ko:cug/ kua ko:cug Vintr sgs (for pls see ko:kcug) [Neutr: indef ko:cug]: to move while
sleeping (as when sleeping in a car or in somebody's arms) ex: Ko:scug 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'oidc-daikut'ab. He is asleep on the back seat (of a moving car). --Ko:scug 'o 'on(<'an) ma:ginac'e. He is asleep in the car (that is going by).

ko:dam (elis of *ko:adam) N subst sg [pl: ko:kdam]: one who does nothing but
sleeps all the time

ko:tpul N indiv [pl: kokotpul]: cicada

ex: Ha'i 'an haka: g kokotpul. I hear a few cicadas.

ko:vod Vintr sgs (for pls see kokvod) [Neutr: def ko:vod. Interr: ko:voda-him]: to
become full, no longer hungry ex: Ko:vod 'ant. I am full. --Ko:vodahim 'a. I am getting full.

ko:vod s- Vintr sgs: to become completely full, no longer hungry

ex: Sko:vod 'ant. I am completely full.

ko:vog s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ko:vog; def s-ko:vog. Dur: s-ko:vog=ka-d. Interr: sko:vog=ka-him); pls: s-kokvog]: to be full, no longer hungry, to have eaten one's fill ex: a 'i si sko:vog. He is completely full. -- Sko:vog 'a. I am full. --Kut g 'u'uvhig hekaj o skokvogkad. Birds will continually get their fill (of saguaro cactus fruit).

ko:vogid Vtr [Neutr: def ko:vog]: to get obj full, sated

ex: Matt hekid ha'icu vo hugk 'am o 'i ge'e vo hu: t o tko:vog. Whenever we eat something and eat a lot of it, it makes us full.

ko:'i see Vintr ko'o = to die

kukua (dial: koa) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kua-j, kua-); pl: kuka/ kukua]: steep
acclivity; forehead ex: mo 'ab veco g tmo'o, mo 'am tvu:pui da:m. (the forehead is) that which is below our hair, which is above our eyes. do'ag-kua NComp: steep slope of a hill vav-'i-kua NComp [loc: vav-'i-kua-t-'ab]: cliff 'akimel-kua/ 'akimel kua NComp/ NExpr: steep river bank 'ak-kua/ 'ak kua NComp/ NExpr [loc: 'ak-kua-t-'ab/'ak kua 'ab]: steep arroyo bank

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kuack/ kuadi kuack Vintr sgs (for pls see kukack) [Neutr: indef kuack. Dur: kuacka-d. Interr:
kuack[i]-him]: to stick out; to be showing ex: Mvecoag 'o 'on(<'an) kuack. Your slip is showing (sticking out) -- Pi 'o 'on(<'an) hu va haha kuack. It does not show (stick out) any more. -- Ha'as 'o 'on(<'an) 'i kuack. It is showing (sticking out) a certain amount. --Mgn hu kuack. It's sticking out (right underneath something) over there. -- B(<'ab) 'o kuack. It is sticking out this way. -- B(< vab) 'am 'al kuack. It's just barely sticking out (it's behind something and you can hardly see it). -- M(<'am) 'apt ab o 'i kuackad! You will be showing (stick out). -- 'I kuackhim. It/he is moving and showing (sticking out).

kuackva Vtr Unit (for Repet see kuackvup) sgs [Neutr: def and hort kuackva]: to
knock obj down by bumping into it with one's forehead, front part ex: Nt o si kuackva! I'll knock it/him down by bumping into it/him with my forehead.

kuackvup Vtr Repet (for unit see kuackva) sgs [Neutr: indef kuackvup. Dur:
kuackvupa-d]: to knock obj down repeatedly by bumping into it with one's forehead, front part

kuadc Vintr sgs [Neutr: def and hort kuadc. Correl: kuadc-k; immed: kuadc-ka-'i]: to
peek in, to peek out ex: Ha'as 'at 'ab a(<va) 'i kuadc. He/it stopped peeking this way. --Ha'as a(<va) 'i kuadc. He/it stopped peeking. --M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'i kuadc. I'll just take a peek in there. --B(< 'ab) 'at ab a 'i kuadc. He just took a peek in here. -- M g 'i kuadc ki:c'e! Take a peek inside the house! -- 'am haha 'i kuadck haeid mo 'om(<'am) daha. then she took a peek in there and she saw them sitting there.--c 'am cum kuadck. and he (Coyote) tried in vain to peek in there. Ban-'i-Kuadc NComp(?): a nickname (where a coyote is taking a peek)

kuadce Vintr sgs (for pls see kukadce) [Neutr: indef kuadce. Dur: kuadcea-d;
concurs kuadcea-d-c]: to peek in or out several times in reiteration ex: Hasko hab 'i kuadce. He peeks in somewhere repeatedly. -- Pi g 'ab hu 'i kuadcead! Don't be peeking in here (toward speaker's point of reference) constantly! --M g ab 'i kuadcead! Keep on peeking in there!

kuadcid Vtr sgs [Neutr: def and hort kuadcid. Compl: kuadcid-ok; immed: kuadcidoka-'i]: to peek in or out looking for obj ex: M 'ant ab o 'i kuadcid. I'll just take a peek in there looking for him. --M g 'i kuadcid! Take a peek in there looking for him! --Tp 'am haha 'i kuacidk 'am hace:. Then he took a peek in there looking for him and found them. --M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'i kuadcidoka'i! First I'll just take a peek in there looking for him

kuadi N: one of a pair of twins when the other has died (see also kukadi)

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kuaag/ kuavid kuaag N indiv [pl: kukadag]: a variety of ant (black with long legs) kuak N: a song without words (used by the medicine man to induce a trance which
will allow him to discover the cause of a disease)

kuakam N subst sg [pl: kukakam]: one with a forehead

Viji-Kuakam NComp(?): a nickname (the one with a wrinkled forehead)

kuala N indiv [pl: kukala]: one with a huge forehead kualit (Span: cuarto) N aggreg: quart (measure)
ex: hemako kualit= one quart -- go:k kualit= two quarts.

kuapo N inalien: hair on the forehead, bangs kuapo Stat: to have bangs
ex: Ge kuapo. She has bangs (unexpectedly).

kuava Vintr Unit (for Repet see kuavup) sgs [Neutr: def and hort kuava; Correl:
kuava-k; immed: kuava-ka-'i]: to bump one's forehead, front part ex: B(<'ab) 'ant si kuava. I bumped my forehead hard. -- 'Id 'atk 'ab si kuava ma:gina 'ab kuit'ab. This car bumped its front part hard against a tree (speaker saw it). -- 'E-'etk< 'atk)-padc g ma:gina 'ab kuavak 'ab kuit'ab. The car got wrecked by bumping its front part against a tree (speaker saw it)

kuavgi'a N inalien indiv [pl: kukavgi'a]: string of shells (same as kuavgi'ada) kuavgi'ada N inalien indiv [pl: kukavgi'ada]: string of shells (same as kuavgi'a) kuavgi'as Stat sing [mult: kukavgi'as]: to be on a string (for shells)
ex: Kuavgi'as 'o. The shells are on a string. -- ha'as 'i ce'ecev kukavgi'as. he was wearing strings of shells of a certain length (the shells were on strings of a certain length)

kuavid Adv sg: head first

ex: Kuavid hu. He dove head first.

kuavid Vtr sing [Neutr: def kuav; hort kuavid]: to make one row of obj, to string obj on
one string ex: Nt o kuav g bayoka. I'll string one row of beads. --M g 'i kuavid! (Why don't you) string them!

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kuavigid/ kugiva kuavigid Vtr sing [Neutr: def kuavig; hort kuavigid]: to string hanging obj along one
string ex: Nt o kuavig g 'a'an. I'll string the feathers.

kuavig see Vtr kuavigid = to string hanging obj along one string kuav see Vtr kuavid = to string obj on one string kuavul (dial: koavul) N aggreg: hackberry bush; hackberry berry (a red berry which is
boiled and eaten)

kuavulig: s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kukavulig): to be full of hackberry
bushes, hackberry berries in one location

kuavup Vintr Repet (for Unit see kuava) sgs [Neutr: indef kuavup. Dur: kuavupa-d.
Interr: kuavupa-him]: to bump one's forehead, front part repeatedly ex: B(<hab) 'o 'a:g mat pi 'ab hu hekid o kuavupad. He tells me not to be bumping my forehead all the time.

kubia N inalien indiv [pl: kuk[u]bia]: shovel kubsva Vtr Unit [Neutr: indef kubsva]: to produce smoke by puffing at obj
ex: Pi 'i hovickvupc ab kubsva. He does not inhale (it), he just puffs at it.

kuculk Adj sg [pl: ku'ukculk]: bent, concave kuculk Stat [sgs (Neutr: kuculk); pls: ku'ukculk]: to be bent, concave kuda s- Stat: to be smoky, dusty (and hurt the eyes)
ex: Skuda 'am ki:c'e. It's smoky inside the house.

kuut Vtr [Neutr: def kuu; hort and indef kuut. Dur: kuuta-d]: to disturb, annoy,
bother obj ex: Pi g 'an kuut! Don't start bothering me!-- Pi g 'i hu kuutad, vant o vo'iva! Don't be bothering me now, I want to lie down. --Pi g 'am hu kuutad ma mamce! Don't be disturbing me when I am studying!

kuuvic (dial: kulvickam) N aggreg: a bird, bee martin, crissal thrasher kugiva Vintr Unit [Neutr: def kugiva]: to end (same as kugto, ku:git or hugiva)
ex: 'am o a(<va) 'i kugiva. it will end there.

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kugto/ kuhiok kugto Vintr [Neutr: def kugto. Interr: kugto-him]: to end (same as ku:gt or kugiva)
ex: Kugto 'ot(<'at) g piast. The feast is over (has ended). --Hekid 'at 'i kugto g piast? When did the feast end?

kugva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def and hort kugva]: to touch obj (with the tip of something)
ex: 'Am 'at kugva g vepege. Lightning touched it lightly.

kugvij see Vdtr kugvijid = to touch obj with the end, tip, of something kugvijid Vdtr [Neutr: def kugvij; hort kugvijid]: to touch obj with the tip of something
(such as the tip of a stick )

Kuhadk (dial: Kohadk): name of a village Kuhadk (dial: Kohadk) N aggreg: name of a group of 'O'odham Kuhadk (dial: Kohadk) vu Stat Expr: to be a Kuhadk Kuhadkag (dial: Kohadkag) s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Kuhadk people in one
location

kuhagid Vtr [Neutr: def kuhag; hort kuhagid; imper sgs kuhagida-]: to cook obj
(meat) at the end of a stick ex: Nt o kuhag g cu:kug. I'll cook a piece of meat at the end of a stick.

kuhi N inalien sing (for mult see ku:ku'i): sound typical of certain birds and animals
(such as hooting of the owl, neighing of the horse) ex: hejel 'ekuhi pi mai. it (the bird) did not learn its own way of singing.

kuhi- see Vintr kuhu = to emit the sound typical of certain birds and animals kuhi- see Vtr kuhu = to play (a wind instrument) kuhijul see Vdtr kuhijulid = to play (a wind instrument) for somebody kuhijulid Vdtr [Neutr: def kuhijul; hort and indef kuhijulid]: to play obj (a wind
instrument) for somebody ex: Nt o hema mkuhijul. I'll play a tune (on a wind instrument) for you(sg). --M g kuhijulid! (Why don't you) play it (a wind instrument) for him! -- B(<'ab) 'o si tkuhijulid. He is playing a tune on the horn for us.

kuhiok see Vtr kuhu = to play (a wind instrument) Kuhadk (dial: Kohadk) vu Stat Expr: to be a Kuhadk

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kuhu/ kuig kuhu (assim of *kuha) Vintr Unit (for Repet kukku) [Neutr: def, indef and hort kuhu;
imper sgs kuhi-. Interr: kui-him. Dur: kuhu-d]: to emit the sound typical of certain birds and animals (to hoot, crow, neigh, bleat; also sound made by a flute) ex: Ha'as a(<va) kuhu g cuku. The owl stopped hooting. -- Kuhi, cuku! Hoot, owl! -B(<'ab) 'o kuihim g cuku. An owl is coming this way, hooting. -- Cuku 'o kuhu. An owl hoots. -- Keli cucul 'o kuhu. A rooster crows. -- 'Okokoi 'o kuhu. A dove cooes. -Noiga 'o kuhu. My horse neighs. --Kuiku 'o kuhu. A flute sings.

kuhu (assim of *kuha) Vtr Unit (for Repet see kukku) [Neutr: def, indef and hort
kuhu; imper sgs kuhi-. Dur: kuhu-d. Interr: kui-him. Compl: kuhi-ok; immed kuhi-oka'i]: to play a wind instrument ex: Ha'as a(<va) kuhu g kuiku. He stopped playing the flute. -- 'ab bek 'am hab kuhu. having taken it up (to his mouth), he played it (the flute). --Kuhi! Play it! -- 'Oi g kuhu! Go ahead and play it! --Kuhioka'i! Play it first! --B(<'ab) kuihim g kuiku. He is coming this way playing the flute.-- Nap kuhu g kuiku? Do you play the flute? -- Cum 'a kuhu g kuiku hek hu. I used to play the flute a long time ago. --M g ab 'i kuhud g kuiku! Keep on playing the flute!

kuhudam N: band (group of people whose job is to play wind instruments) kuhugid Vtr Repet (for Unit see ku:gid) [Neutr: indef kuhugid]: to end obj repeatedly
ex: Hekid 'am 'i kuhugid g 'epiast? When do you(pl) end your feast?

kui N alien indiv aggreg [pl/distr: kukui]: mesquite tree; tree

ex: mo 'an cu:c, mo heba'i 'ab 'i 'a'ahek 'ab hiotc 'ab vihogt. (mesquite trees are) those that stand around here, that whenever the time (of the year) comes, bloom and bear beans. -- Hevel si 'ujigid g kui. The wind is shaking the tree. --Hevel si ha'u'ujig g kukui. The wind is shaking the the trees. --'Ekuiga 'ab 'o daha. He is sitting in his (own) tree.

kuicud (elis of *kuhicud) s-V tr [Neutr: def s-kuic; hort and indef s-kuicud]: to boo obj
ex: Nt o hi:, t o 'om(<'am) skuic 'emve:m. I'll go, they might boo me with you(pl). -Stkuicud 'o. They are booing us (because we've lost the game).

kui-cu:v[a]dag NComp: mesquite gum (which has turned black from being rained on and is used for making designs on pots) kui-cu:v[a]dag s-Stat Compimpers: there is a lot of black mesquite gum (on one
mesquite)

kuig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kukuig): to be full of mesquite trees in one
location

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kuiga/ kuia kuiga Stat sing [mult: kukuiga]: to have a mesquite tree, a tree
ex: a:p ma:s kukuiga? What kind of trees do you(sg) have?

kuihim see Vintr kuhu = to emit the sound typical of certain birds and animals kuihim see Vtr kuhu = to play (a wind instrument) kui-kai NComp aggreg: mesquite seeds kuiku (elis of *kuhik) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kuikua-j); pl: kukuiku]:
any wind instrument, such as flute, horn, whistle

kuikucud Vdtr sing (for mult see kukuikucud) [Neutr: def kuikuc; hort
kuikucud]: to make a wind instrument (such as a flute, a horn) out of obj for somebody

kuikut Vdtr sing (for mult see kukuikut): to make a wind instrument (such as
a flute, a horn) out of obj

kui-ku'ag NComp: mesquite firewood kuint (Span: contar) Vtr (?) [Neutr: def and hort kuint; imper sgs: kuinta-]: to count ex:
M 'ant o kuint vestma:m 'am kugk am. 1'11 count up to ten. -- Kuinta vestma:m 'am hugk 'am! Count up to ten!

kuintaag N inalien [1st pers sg: -kuintadag]: somebody's measurement(s), size kuintaag vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's measurement(s), size
ex: Gamai go:k 'o o(<vu) kuintaag.Twelve is my size (in clothes)

kuintaku N: ruler (instrument to measure with) kuia (elis of *kuhia) Vintr sgs [Neutr: def and hort kuia]: to cry out (from
surprise or fear) ex: 'i a hu kuia hega'i 'Akimal-'O'odham. here the Pima cried out. --Pi 'ipt(<'apt) o kuia. You should not cry out. --Pi g 'am kuia! Do not cry out!

kuia (elis of *kuhia) Vintr sgs (for pls see kukuia) [Neutr: indef kuia. Dur:
kuiai-d]: to whimper ex: Kuia 'o g 'ali. The baby is whimpering. --Pi g 'am kuiaid! Don't be whimpering!

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kui-/ kukadi kui-on/ kui on NComp/ Expr: tree stump, base

ex: Gogs 'atk 'evul 'ab kui-ont'ab/ kui on 'ab.The dog got himself tied around the base of the tree.

kui-tatk NComp alien aggreg: mesquite roots (used as firewood) Kui-Tatk NComp(?): name of a village (mesquite roots) kui-tatkga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's mesquite roots
ex: D(<vu) 'o kui-tatkga. They are my mesquite roots.

kui-vihogdag NComp aggreg: mesquite bean pods (on the tree) kuivo Mod: downstream
ex: Kuivo me g u:dag. The water runs downstream. -- Kuivo 'o'odhamag. There are people (living) downstream. -- kuivo 'o'odham= the people from downstream

kuivoam s- Adv: sloping downward

ex: hudig vui g jevu si skuivoam 'ece:. the ground sloped strongly westward.

kuivoji Adv: from downstream kui-'eldag NComp: mesquite bark kuka see N kua = steep acclivity, forehead kukack Vintr pls (for sgs see kuack) [Neutr indef kukack. Dur: kukacka-d]: to stick
out, to show ex: 'ea ga hu kukackc oa. Meanwhile (hearsay) as they are showing there they cry.

kukadc Vintr pls (for sgs see kuadc) [Neutr: def and hort kukadc]: to take a peek in,
to peek out ex: Tt o 'i kukadc. We'll take a peek in (there).

kukadce Vintr pls (for sgs see kuadce) [Neutr: indef kukadce. Dur: kukadcea-d]:
to peek in or out several times in reiteration ex: Hasko hob(<hab) 'i kukadc. They take a peek in (somewhere) again and again. -Kukadce g hemajkam. The people peek in again and again.

kukadi N: a pair of twins (see also kuadi)

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kukaagig/ kuklamad kukaagig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-kukkaagig): to be full of kuaag
ants in one location

kukaag see N kuaag = a variety of ants kukakam see N kuakam = one with a forehead kukala see N kuala = one with a huge forehead kukalig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kualig): to be full of hackberry bushes/
berries

kukavgi'a see N kuavgi'a = string of shells kukavgi'as see Stat kuavgi'as = to be on a string (of shells) kukda (redupl of* ku:d) Vtr [Neutr: indef kukda]: to play with fire brands from a fire
ex: 'A'al 'o kukda g tai. The children are playing with the firebrands from the fire.

kuk-cehedagig s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of paloverde in one location kuk[]-cehedag NComp alien aggreg: a variety of paloverde
ex: Smu'ij g kuk-cehedag. There are many paloverdes.

kukkaagig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kukaagig): to be full of kuaag
ants in several locations

kukksa'al see N kusal = spoon kukku/ kukhu Vintr Repet (for Unit see kuhu) [Neutr: indef kukku. Dur: kukkud]: to
emit the sound typical of certain birds and animals (hoot, crow, neigh, bleat) repeatedly ex: mo has kaidam kukku. the strange way in which they (the birds) keep singing. -T o kukkud. It will keep on singing for a while and stopping and singing again.

kukkujuk (asson of *kukkujek) Vintr Repet (for Unit see kukujk): to mirage
repeatedly

kukkujulid/ kukhujulid Vdtr: to call somebody by playing a few notes on a wind

instrument several times ex: M g si kukkujulid. Call him by blowing it (a horn) several times!

kuklamad Vtr plo (for sgo see kulamad): to nurse obj

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kukpa/ kuksvo kukpa Vtr Repet (for Unit see ku:p-) sgo [Neutr: indef kukpa. Dur: kukpa-d. Interr:
kukpa-him]: to close obj repeatedly ex: B(<'ab) 'a 'i kukpa g ki:. I close the door (of the house) every time. -- Pt o kukpad g kolai-ki:jig! Close the gate of the corral every time! --Nap 'ab cum kukpahim g ki:jig? Did you fail to close the gate?

kukpa Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ku:p-) sgs [Neutr: indef kukpa]: to get closed
repeatedly ex: ha'icu mo g ki: 'ab hekaj 'ekukpa. something with which a house is closed

kukpad see Vdtr kukpid = to close obj for somebody repeatedly kukpaiku N aggreg: prison (place in which/ instrument with which to lock something
or somebody; also called kukpaiku-ki:)

kukpaikuag Stat impers: there is a prison somewhere kukpaikuag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of prisons in one location kukpid/ kukpad Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ku:pid) sgo [Neutr: indef kukpid/
kukpad]: to close obj for somebody repeatedIy ex: B(<'ab) 'a mkukpid g mvaika. I close your irrigation ditch for you every day.

kukpi'ok Vtr Repet (for Unit see ku:pi'ok) sgo [Neutr: indef kukpi'ok]: to open obj
repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i kukpi'ok g 'etianna? At what time do you open your store?

kukpi'ok Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ku:pi'ok) sgs: to get opened repeatedly
ex: mo hekaj 'ekukpi'ok g pualt . (a key is) that with which a door gets opened repeatedly

kuksa'al see N kusal = spoon kuksta N inalien [3rd pers sg kuksta-j]: muscles along the neck (as of a cow) kukstaag N inalien [1st pers sg kukstaag]: tendons of one's neck kukstaag in ha'icu kukstaag NExpr: tendons of the neck (of an animal)
haiva-kukstaag NComp: tendons of the neck of a cow

kuksvo see N kusvo = neck

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kuksvokam/ kukuipa kuksvokam see N subst kusvokam = one with a neck kuko see N kuo = nape of the neck kuko-vu:p[u]lim NComp alien aggreg: a flower, larkspur (ones-having-the-back-ofthe-head-tied; also called cucul- 'i'ispul)

kukpo see N kupo = hair on the nape of the neck of one person kukpokam see N subst kupokam = one with hair on the nape of his neck kukpola see N kupola = one with a lot of hair on the nape of his neck kuku'ul see N kuul = saguaro cactus fruit jam kuku'ult Vtr Repet (for Unit see kuult) [Neutr: indef kuku'ult]: to make saguaro
cactus fruit syrup out of obj; to make obj get syrupy ex: Kuku'ult g sitol. She is thickening the syrup.

kuk[u]bia see N kubia = shovel kukubs see N ku:bs = dust, smoke kukubsig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-ku:bsig) to be full of dust, smoke in
various locations

kukui see N kui = mesquite tree; tree kukuig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-kuig): to be full of mesquite trees in several
locations

kukuiga see Stat kuiga = to have a mesquite tree, a tree kukuiku see N kuiku = any wind instrument (such as flute, horn, whistle) kukuikucud Vdtr mult (for sing see kuikucud) [Neutr: def kukuikuc; hort
kukuikucud]: to make wind instruments (such as flutes, horns) out of obj for somebody ex: ia k 'am hab haha 'i hakukuikuc hega'i haje'e. Well, and then their mother made each one of them a flute out of it (the reed).

kukuikut Vtr mult (for sing see kuikut): to make wind instruments (such as flutes,
horns) out of obj

kukuipa see N ku'ipa = stick for getting fruits off saguaro cactus

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kukuia/ kulvickam kukuia (elis of *kukuhia) Vintr pls [Neutr: def and hort kukuia]: to cry out (from
surprise or fear) ex: Pi 'imt(<'amt) o kukuia. You(pl) should not cry out. -- Pi g o 'om(<'am) kukuia! Don't cry out!

kukuia (elis of *kukuhia) Vintr pls (for sgs see kuia) [Neutr: indef kukuia.
Dur: kukuiai-d]: to whimper

kukuiom-vapainom see NComp ku'iom-vainom: chain kukuivoid/ kukuivaid Vtr Repet (for Unit see kuivoid) [Neutr: indef
kukuivoid]: to boil obj (liquids only)

kukujk Vintr Unit (for Repet see kukkujuk) [Neutr: indef kukujk. Interr: kukujk[i]him]: to be miraging, heat-waving

kukujk N: mirage, heat waves

ex: Hab ma:s g kukujk. It looks like a mirage.

kukujko Vintr [Neutr: def kukujko]: to stop miraging kuk[u]va see N ku:va = bucket kukuva Vintr [Neutr: def kukuva]: to strike, fall somewhere (of lightning)
ex: Vepegi 'at 'ab kukuva. Lightning fell on it.

kukuvid see N ku:vid = pronghorn kulant (assim of *kulant) Vtr [Neutr: def and hort kulant]: to make medicine out of obj kula (Span: curar) N alien, inalien mass [mult: kukla]: one type of medicine (liquid or
powder) ex: 'At ha vua g kula 'an 'emo'o 'an. He poured some medicine on his own head.

kulamad Vtr sgo (for plo see kuklamad) [Neutr: def, hort kulamad]: to nurse obj
ex: Nt o mkulamad. I'll nurse you(sg).

kulamad Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-kulamad. Correl: 'e-kulamand-k; immed: 'ekulamad-ka-'i]: to look for the cause of a disease (a medicine man or doctor) ex: 'Ekulamadk 'ab 'e'a: g seijig. Having looked for the cause of the disease he diagnosed a woman-dangerous-to-see.

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kulvickam/ kupkka kulvickam see N kuuvic = name of a bird kummu Vtr [Neutr: def kummu; hort kummu]: to blow corn husk smoke on obj (the
smoke is blown on a sick person by a warrior) ex: T o ho(<ha) kummu. He is going to blow some corn husk smoke on him.

kummua N: act of blowing corn husk on a sick person kummua e'i NExpr(?): warriors' purification song (the two songs that each former
Enemy Slayer sang during the Vulda ceremony)

kun N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg kuna-j); pl: ku:kun]: husband kun Stat sing [mult: ku:kun]: to have a husband, to be married
ex: Ge 'o kun. She has a husband (unexpectedly). -- Pi 'o ho(<ha) kun. She does not have a husband. --Cum 'o kunkahim. She used to have a husband. --Mat 'at pi ha kunc. She had a child without being married.

kuncud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def kunc; hort kuncud]: to make a girl marry obj
ex: T o kunc hega'i 'o'odham. He will make her marry that fellow.

kunkam N subst [pl: ku:kunam]: one with a husband, a married woman

ex: pi kunkam 'uv= unmarried woman -- pi ha kunkam= one without any husband, an old maid -- pi ha ku:kunam 'u'uv= single women, old maids

kunma s- Adv (sg referent): in need of a husband

ex: Skunma 'a(<'e)vua. She acts in need of a husband.

kunmakadma s- V subst: to appear to have a husband

ex: K hab hi ge skunmakadma. I thought she had a husband.

kunt Vtr sgs (for pls see ku:kunt) [Neutr: def and hort kunt. Interr: kunta-him]: to
uget married to obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o ho(<ha) kunt. I won't get married to anyone. --Kuntahim 'o. She is about to marry him.

kupal Adv sg [pl: ku'ukpal]: prone, face down, upside down kupkka Vtr [Neutr: indef kupkka]: to blink several times at obj (to indicate one's
dislike) ex: Si kupkka. She blinks several times at me (she does not like me).

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kup/ kuovi'ocud kup see Vreflex 'e-kupp- = to close one's eye(s) kupc semi Stat reflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-kupc. Dur: 'e-kupci-d]: to have one's eye(s)
closed ex: Svijim g 'ekupcid! Keep your eyes tightly closed! --'1 'i(<'e)kupcid! Keep your eyes closed!

kupp- Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-kupap) sgs [Neutr: def 'e-kup]: to close
one's eye(s) ex: Hemakoji 'apt o 'i 'ekup! Close one eye!

kupap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-kupp-) sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-kupap]: to
close one's eye(s) repeatedly ex: 'Ekupapc 'ab 'i 'ep enna. He keeps closing and opening his eyes.

kusal (Span: cuchara) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kusali-j; instr: kusal-kaj); pl:
kuksa'al; distr: kukksa'al]: spoon ex: Hu:ga g 'ebi: g kusalkaj! Eat your food with a spoon!

kusvo N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kusvo-j, kusvo-); pl: kuksvo]: neck
ex: 'an kusvo 'an= on his neck --k 'in hu o 'o(<'e)ko:m ku:bs kusvo 'ana'i. and put your arms around my neck.

kusvo Stat sing [mult: kuksvo]: to have a neck kusvokam N subst sing and sg [mult and pl: kuksvokam]: one with a neck
cev kusvokam NExpr(?) indiv [pl: ce'ecev kuksvokam]: giraffe (one with a long neck)

kuadk Adj sg [pl: ku'ukadk]: stiff after drying, caked, clotted, shriveled
Kuadk-Mu:gakam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-shriveled-beans)

kuadk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef kuadk); pls: ku'ukadk]: to be stiff after drying, to be
caked, clotted, shriveled ex: Ku'ukadk g mu:. The beans are shriveled.

kuo N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: kuo-j); pl: kuko]: nape of the neck, back of the
head ex: mo 'om(<'am) thon 'amje 'am keek. (the neck is) that which stands out of our body.

kuovi'ocud see Vdtr kuovi'otacud: to help somebody put obj on one's back

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kuovi'ot/ kupola kuovi'ot Vtr [Neutr: def and hort kuovi'ot. Correl: kuovi'ot-k; immed: kuovi'ot-ka'i]: to put obj on the upper part of one's back (in order to carry it) ex: Nt o kuovi'ot. I'll put it on my back (in order to carry it). --Vo 'i viduk o kuovi'ot. Swing it on your back (having swung it put it on your back in order to carry it)! -Kuovi'ota! Put it on your back! -- 'Ab ab kuovi'otk 'amje hi:. He left carrying her on his back (having just put her on his back from there he walked).

ku[o]vi'o[ta]cud Vdtr [Neutr: def kuovi'o[ta]c; hort kuovi'o[ta]cud]: to help

somebody put obj on the upper part of his back in order to carry it ex: Nt o mkuovi'otac. I'll help you put it on your back. --B(<'ab) g kuovi'otacud! (Could you) help me put on my back!

ku[o]vi'otacug Vtr [Neutr: indef kuovi'otacug]: to be moving carrying obj on the

upper part of one's back ex: Kuovi'otacug 'o. He is moving carrying it on his back. -- heg hacu'ipa kuovi'otacug. he moves carrying their lunch on his back.

ku[o]vi'o[ta]julid Vdtr [Neutr: def kuovi'otajul; hort kuovi'otajulid. Correl:

kuovi'otajulid-k]: to put obj on the upper part of one's back in order to carry it for somebody ex: Nt o mkuovi'otajulidk. I'll carry it for you on my back for a while.

ku[o]vi'otc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef kuvi'otc. Dur: kuvi'otci-d. Interr: kuvi'otc=kahim]: to have obj placed on the upper part of one's back ex: Giho kuovi'otc cum hekid. She is always carrying her giho basket on her back. -Cum hekid 'at o kuovi'otcid. She will be carrying it on her back all the time. -- Cum hekid kuovi'otckahim. She used to carry it on her back all the time.

kuo'ojulid see Vdtr kuovi'otajulid = to put obj on the upper part of one's back kupo N sg [pl: kukpo]: hair on the nape of one's neck kupokam N subst sg [pl: kukpokam]: one with hair on the nape of his neck kupokam s- N subst sg [pl: s-kukpokam]: one with a lot of hair on the nape
of his neck (same as kupola)

kupola N indiv [pl: kukpola]: one with a lot of hair on the nape of his neck
(same as s-kupokam)

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kuul/ ku'a kuul (dial: kuulta) N mass [distr: kuku'ul]: saguaro cactus fruit syrup (also called
kai-kuul) kai-kuul NComp mass: saguaro cactus fruit syrup

kuul see Vtr kuult = to make saguaro cactus fruit syrup out of obj kuul see Vreflex 'e-kuult = to become syrupy kuul Vtr [Neutr: def kuul, imper sgs kuuli-]: to make obj get syrupy, to thicken obj
ex: Nt o 'i kuul g mu:-va:ag. I'll thicken the bean gravy. --Kuuli! Thicken it!

kuuls s- Stat: to be thick, syrupy (of a liquid)

ex: Skuuls g mu:-hido. The bean stew is syrupy. -- Skuuls 'o. It is thickened.

kuult Vtr Unit (for Repet see kuku'ult) [Neutr: def kuul; hort kuult]: to
make saguaro cactus syrup out of obj, to make obj get syrupy ex: Nt o kuul. I'll make saguaro cactus fruit syrup (out of it). --M g ba'ic 'i kuult! Make it more syrupy!

kuult Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-kuul. Interr: 'e-kuulta-him]: to become syrupy

ex: 'E-'et(<'at)kuul g 'atol. The gravy has become syrupy. -- 'E-'o-'ekuultahim g 'atol. The gravy is getting syrupy. -- 'Ekuultahim 'o, It (saguaro syrup) is getting ready.

kuulta N inalien mass: saguaro fruit syrup kuvick (dial: kuvidk) N inalien indiv [pl: ku'ukuvick (dial: ku'ukuvidk)]: a deep basket
shaped like an olla (also called kuvick-hua)

kuvick-hua NComp indiv [pl: ku'ukuvick huha]: a deep basket shaped like an olla ku'a see Vintr ku'ag = to get firewood ku'a (dissim of *ko'a) Vtr [Neutr: indef ku'a. Dur: ku'a-d. Interr: ko'ihim]: to eat obj as a
regular diet (see also hug-) ex: Nap ku'a g mu:? Do you eat beans? --a:cu 'up(<'ap) ku'a? What do you(sg) eat (as a regular diet)? -- a:cu 'up(<'ap) ko'ihim? What are you eating? -- 'l:bhai (<'a) ku'a. I eat prickly pear fruits. --Ku'a g pimindo. He eats pepper. --Mat hei(<hea'i) o 'i ku'ad g pimindo 'at o ha'icu s'amcudad. (They say that) whoever eats pepper continually, will get to be wise. -- ..mamt heg o ku'adc 'ab o 'oiyopod. ..that you will be eating that as you are around. -..- mapt heg ku'adc 'an ki: hega'i Ba'ag. ..that he kept eating that as he lived there, that Eagle. -- 'am 'i ko'ihim hega'i Ban c hab kaij: While he was eating it, that Coyote, he said:

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ku'a/ ku'ag[] ku'a (dissim of *ko'a) Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-ku'a]: to get eaten as a regular diet (see
also 'e-hug-) ex: No 'o(<'e)ku'a? Is it eaten? --Pi 'o 'eku'a, (<'a) ababa 'a:i ku'a. It's generally not eaten but I eat it. --a: 'o masma 'eku'a? How is it eaten? -- B(<hab) 'o masma 'eku'a 'am ki: 'am. This is the way it is eaten at home (at my house). -- S'i'ovim 'eku'a g ko:jicu:kug. Pork tastes good.

ku'adam (dial: ko'adam) N subst aggreg: one(s) who eat(s) something as a regular diet
Cu:v-Ku'adam NComp (?): nickname for a group of people (rabbit eaters) Makom -Ku'adam NComp(?) aggreg: nickname for a group of people (caterpillar eaters) 'U'amajda-Ku'adam NComp (?) aggreg: nickname (popover eaters) Toa-Ku'adam '0ks NExpr: name of a mythological character

ku'ag Vintr [Neutr: def ku'a; imper sgs: ku'aga-/ ku'agi-; indef ku'ag. Dur: ku'aga-d.
Compl: ku'agi-ok; immed ku'agi-oka-'i]: to get firewood

ku'agame Vintr Unit (for Repet see ku'agamme) sgs (for pls see ku'ago) [Neutr:
def ku'agam; 1st pers sg: ku'agamea-; hort ku'agame]: to go and get firewood

ku'agamme Vintr Repet (for Unit see ku'agame) sgs [Neutr: indef ku'agamme]:
to go and get firewood repeatedly

ku'agidad Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-ku:ka'agid) [Neutr: def and hort 'eku'agidad]: to get one's firewood supply ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)ku'agidad. You should get your wood supplies.

ku'agig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of firewood in one location ku'agi-gakidag NComp(?) : dried out wood ku'ag N inalien aggreg [distr: ku:ka'ag/ ku:ku'ag]: firewood
ex: Ku'ag 'o 'u'u. She is getting firewood. -- G hu 'ui g ku'ag k 'am o nai. She got firewood in order to make a fire. -- No s'ap memhe 'i:da'a ku'ag? Does this firewood burn well? -- 'am hab voi gda:m hega'i matp 'am toa ku'ag. then they laid her (the Ho'ok) down on top of that firewood which they had put down there. --Napt hemapa g 'eku'ag? Did you gather together (in one place) your firewood? --Himk ha'i 'u'id g ku'ag! Go and get me a few pieces of firewood!

ku'ag[] Stat Unit (for Distr see ku:ka'ag[]): to have firewood ku'ag[] s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-ku:ka'ag[]): to have plenty of firewood

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ku'ag-/ ku'ivo ku'ag-ce'un VComp [Neutr: def ku'ag-ce'u]: to get a small supply of firewood,
picking up the pieces one by one

ku'ag-ce'uname VComp Unit sgs [Neutr: def ku'ag-ce'unam]: to go and get a small
supply of firewood (picking up pieces of wood one by one)

ku'ago Vintr pls (for sgs see ku'agame) [Neutr: def and hort ku'ago]: to go and get
firewood

ku'agpa/ku'apa Vintr [Neutr: def ku'agpa. Interr: ku'agpa-him]: to bring back

firewood once (same as ku'agpa?) ex: Ku'agpa/ ku'apa 'ant. I just came back from getting firewood (brought back the firewood).--Ku'agpahim 'o. He is on his way back from getting firewood.

ku'agpa Vintr [Neutr: def ku'agpa]: to bring back firewood once (same as ku'agpa?) ku'agpa /ku'apa Vintr [Neutr: indef ku'agpa. Dur: ku'agpaa-d]: to bring back
firewood reiteratedly ex: Pt o ku'agpaad! You should bring back firewood again and again!

ku'apa see Vintr ku'agpa = to bring back firewood ku'inogid Vtr [Neutr: def ku'inog; hort ku'inogid]: to link obj
ex: M(<'am) 'apt ab o 'i melcudad k 'am haha vo 'i mku'inog. We should alternate at the wheel (You drive for a while and then I'll replace you). -- Nt o ku'inog g vijina. I'll splice up my rope. --B(<'ab) g ku'inogid g 'evijina! (Could you) splice up your rope!

ku'ipa N indiv [pl: kukuipa]: stick for getting fruit from saguaro cactus ku'iom-vanom NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg ku'iom-vainom=ga); pl:
kukuiom-vapainom]: chain

ku'ivondad see Vtr ku'ivoid = to boil obj ku'ivo/ ku'iva Vintr [Neutr: def ku'ivo; indef ku'ivo. Interr: ku'ivo[i]-him]: to
boil (said of liquids only; for food see totpk) ex: Nat ku'ivo g u:dag? Has the water started to boil? --Pi 'it(<'at) koi ku'ivo. It has not started to boil yet. --Ku'ivo 'ot(<'at). It has started to boil. --Ku'ivohim 'o, It's about to boil. -- Ku'ivo g u:dag. Water boils (water is boiling).

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ku'ivoid/ ku:bdag ku'ivoid/ ku'ivaid Vtr Unit (for Repet see kukuivoid) [Neutr: def ku'ivo; hort
and indef ku'ivoid; imper sgs ku'ivonda-. Dur: ku'ivonda-d]: to boil obj (said of liquids only; for food see totpsid) ex: Nt o ku'ivo g vi:b. I'll boil the milk. --Ku'ivanda g vi:b! Boil the milk! --Pi g 'am ku'ivaid g kavh:. Don't let the coffee boil (Don't boil the coffee)! --Nap ku'ivoid g u:dag? Do you usually boil the water?

ku'ukculk see Adj kuculk = bent, concave ku'ukculk see Stat kuculk = to be bent, concave ku'ukcul-'u'umag s- Stat Compimpers Unit: to be full of ku'ukcul-'u'umam ants in
one location

ku'ukcul-'u'umam NComp aggreg: a variety of poisonous ants with long legs ku'ukpal see Adv kupal = prone, face down, upside down ku'ukugam see Adv ku:gam = backwards ku'ukugam see Postp ku:gam = with one's back turned against obj ku'ukuvick see N kuvick = a deep basket ku'ukadk see Stat kuadk = to be stiff after drying

ku:-

ku: see Vtr ku:p = to close obj ku: see Vreflex 'e-ku:p = to close oneself ku:b Vintr [Neutr: def ku:b. Interr: ku:b[i]-him]: to be blowing around (of dust and
smoke) ex: '1 'o va 'i ku:bhim mia. Dust is blowing right close to us (near). --T o 'i ku:bhi. Dust (or smoke) will start blowing (with interruptions).

ku:bdag N inalien: dust (raised by a person, an animal, a car)

ex: 'ab 'o g haku:bdag 'ab vu:ahim t'oidc. their dust (dust raised by them) is following us (rising behind us).

ku:bdag in ha'icu ku:bdag NExpr: dust, smoke, fumes

hido-ku:bdag NComp: fumes of cooked food

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ku:bdag/ ku:dag ku:bdag s- Stat: to be smoky, dusty

ex: Sku:bdagc hab cu'ig. It is full of smoke (in there).

ku:bs N inalien mass [distr: kukubs]: dust, smoke

ku:bs-vu:aku NComp [loc: ku:bs-vu:aku-c-'e]: stove pipe, smoke hole

ku:bscud Vtr [Neutr: def ku:bsc; hort ku:bscud]: to produce dust, smoke for somebody ku:bscud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ku:bsc]: to turn into smoke ku:bsig s- Stat imper Unit (for Distr see s-kukubsig): to be full of dust, smoke in one
location ex: Sku:bsig g ki:. The house is full of smoke. -- Sku:bsig 'am 'oidagc'e. It's full of dust in the field.--Sku:bsig 'an vo:gc'e. It's full of dust on the road.

ku:bst Vintr [Neutr: def ku:bst. Interr: ku:bsta-him]: to produce smoke, dust ku:c[]k/ku:ck[] N indiv [pl: ku:kck]: partially consumed log in the fire; firebrand
(similar to ku:dag)

ku:c[]kcug Vintr sing (for mult see ku:kucug): to move carrying a firebrand ku:ck[] vi'idag NExpr inalien: fire remains (partially consumed log remains) ku:ck[] vi'idag vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's fire remains
ex: c u ab tku:ck vi'idag hega'i. and that is just the remains of our fire.

ku:d Vintr [Neutr: def and indef ku:d. Interr: ku:j[i]-him]: to take a firebrand from one
fire to light another fire (same as ku:dag) ex: Nt o 'i ku:d. I'll take a fire-brand from one fire to light another fire. --'Am 'ok ku:d. She is taking a firebrand from one fire to light another fire. -- B(<'ab) 'o ku:jhim. She is coming this way with a firebrand to light the fire.

ku:dag Vintr [Neutr: def ku:d; indef ku:dag. Interr: ku:dag[i]-him]: to take a firebrand
from the fire to light another fire (same as ku:d)

ku:dag N alien indiv [pl: ku:kudag[]]: fire-brand (similar to ku:c[]k)

ex: M g 'i beicug g ku:dag! Carry the fire-brand over there! --Am o 'i 'ui g ku:kudag. You will get firebrands over there.

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ku:gam/ ku:gt ku:gam Adv (sg referent) [pl: ku'ukugam]: backwards (with the back in the front)
ex: Ku:gam va: g 'e'ipu. She put her dress on backwards. -- Ku:gam ke:k. He is standing with his back turned. -- Ku:gam 'i kekiva! Turn around! --Ku:gam g 'i ia'i! Look behind you (backwards)! -- Ku'ukugam vo:p. They are lying back to back. -- gm hu si ku'ukugam vo:piva. they lay down with their backs completely turned (to each other).

ku:gam Postp [distr: ku'ukugam]: with one's back turned toward obj
ex: Pi g 'ab hu ku:gam vo'iva! Don't lie down with your back turned against me! -'eku'ukugam: back to back (several couples, each one being back to back).

ku:gid Vtr Unit (for Repet see kuhugid) [Neutr: def ku:g; hort ku:gid]: to end obj
(same as hugid) ex: Hekid 'amt 'i ku:g g piast? When did you(pl) end the feast? --Ku:g 'at g piast. They ended the feast. --Hemu 'utt(<'att) o ku:g. We'll end it soon. --Ku:gida g 'ee'i! End your song (you sg)! --Ku:gido! End it (you pl)!

ku:g see Vtr ku:gid = to end obj ku:g[] N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ku:gi-j/ ku:ga-j; pl: ku:kug]: upper end, top, tip
(see also hug and hugidag) ex: P 'a:pi u(<vu) 'ali c g ku:gaj o bei. You are the youngest and you will take its upper part (of the reed).-- ga hu a 'i ku:gaj veco. over there (toward speaker's point of reference) under its top (of the mountain). -- gn hu si ku:gi 'an 'an cihog. way up there, right on its top (of the mountain), there is a cave. -- gm hu ku:gi 'am vaikpa vo 'ol(<'al) je:jega. ..way on its upper part (of the reed), she will pierce three holes. --... mo nakal bahij ku:g 'am ke:k. (a stinger is) that which stands at the end of the tail of a scorpion. kui-ku:kug/ kui ku:kug NComp/ NExpr [loc: kui-knukug-t-'an/ kui ku:kug 'an)]: top branches of a mesquite tree ex: Kui-ku:kugt'an 'o daha. They (the birds) are sitting on top of a mesquite tree. mi:sa-ku:g /mi:sa ku:g NComp/Expr: table edge mi:sa-ku:kug/ mi:sa ku:kug NComp/ NExpr: all around the edges of a table ex: Ha'i g dadaiku 'an cu:c 'an mi:sa ku:kug veco. A few chairs are standing around the table.

ku:g N: a certain spot in the gins game

ex: ..k ga hu 'ep 'evoi ku:g 'aba'i. ..and again he moved to the upper part.

ku:g Stat sing: to have an upper part, a top, an end ku:gt Vintr Unit (for Distr see ku:kugt) [Neutr: def ku:gt. Interr: ku:gta-him]: to end
(same as kugto and kugiva)

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ku:gt/ ku:kp
ex: Ku:gt g piast. The feast is over (has ended). -- T gami hu heba'i pi vo ho(<ha) ku:gt. There will never be any end (it will never end). -- 'am himk 'am 'i ku:gt g je:gida. after some time the meeting ended.

ku:jug N [instr: ku:jug-kaj]: dust, smoke, heat-waves (old word, similar to ku:bs)
ex: k a(<va) vesko ku:jugkaj 'ema'ic ka:c. and it (the land) lies covered with heat waves.

ku:jul N alien aggreg [reflex: 'e-ku:jul=ga]: screwbeans (Prosopis pubescens) ku:julig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of screwbeans in one location ku:k see Vtr ku:m = to chew on obj ku:k in NExpr Cuku Ku:k: name of a village (where an owl has hooted) ku:k Vintr [Neutr: def and indef ku:k. Dur: ku:ka-d. Interr: ku:k[i]him]: to make a
roaring sound, such as the wind, the ocean ex: Ha'as 'at a(<va) ku:k. The roaring noise stopped. -- '1 'o hob(<hab) ku:khim. The roaring noise is coming here (with interruptions). --Ka:ck cum hekid ku:k. The ocean makes a roaring noise all the time. --B (<vab ) 'an 'i ku:k g 'a'ak. The arroyos make a continuous roar (after a big rain).

ku:ka'agidad Vreflex Distr [Neutr: def and hort 'e-ku:ka'agidad]: to get one's
firewood supplies ex: Vo 'o(<'e)ku:ka'agidad. You (various families) should get your firewood supplies.

ku:ka'ag see N ku'ag = firewood ku:ka'ag[] Stat Distr (for Unit see ku'ag[]): to have firewood
ex: Nam ku:ka'ag? Do you (several families) have firewood?

ku:ka'ag[] s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-ku'ag[]): to have a lot of firewood
ex: Nam sku:ka'ag? Do you (several families) have plenty of firewood?

ku:kck see N ku:c[]k = partially consumed log in the fire ku:k[h]o Vintr [Neutr: def ku:k[h]o]: to stop roaring
ex: Ku:kho 'ot(<'at). The roaring stopped.

ku:kp N aggreg: name of a grass

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ku:kp/ ku:kunam ku:kp Vtr plo (for sgo see ku:p) [Neutr: def and indef ku:kp; imper sgs ku:kpa-. Dur:
ku:kpa-d]: to close obj ex: 'Ant haku:kp g vapaika. I closed the irrigation ditches. --Ku:kpa g pupalt! Close the doors! --Cum hekid 'ab 'i haku:kp g vapaika. He closes the irrigation ditches every time.

ku:kp Vreflex pls (for sgs 'e-ku:p-) [Neutr: def and indef 'e-ku:kp]: to close
oneselves, to get closed ex: Nda:k 'at 'eku:kp. My nostrils are stuffed up (closed themselves).

ku:kpa see N ku:pa = dam, charco -ku:kpaag see NComp -ku:paag = closure of something ku:kpaag N aggreg: bush muhly (a grass formerly used to close water containers) ku:kpag see Stat ku:pag = there is a dam/ a charco somewhere ku:kpc semi Stat tr Distr [Neutr: indef ku:kpc]: to have obj closed in several places ku:kp Stat Distr (for Unit see ku:p) [Neutr: indef ku:kp]: to be closed/ locked in
several places

ku:kp-vaa NComp [loc: ku:kp-vaa-c-'e]: basket for power (medicine basket in

which the scalp taken off an enemy was kept)

ku:kta N inalien indiv [pl: kukukta]: hanging shelf (made of sticks tied together) ku:ktat Vtr sing: to make a hanging shelf out of obj ku:kucug Vintr mult (for sing see ku:c[]kcug): to move carrying firebrands ku:kudag see N ku:dag = fire-brand ku:kug see N ku:g = upper part, top ku:kugt Vintr Distr [Neutr: def ku:kugt]: to end
ex: Ku:kugt g pipiast. The feasts (in various places) are over (have ended).

ku:kum see Vtr ku:m = to eat, chew on, obj ku:kumi- see Vtr ku:m = to eat, chew on, obj ku:kun see N kun = husband ku:kun see Stat kun = to have a husband ku:kunam see Nsubst kunkam = one with a husband

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ku:kunt/ ku:pku:kunt Vtr pls (for sgs see kunt) [Neutr: def and hort ku:kunt. Interr: ku:kunta-him]:
to get married

ku:ku'i N inalien mult (for sing see kuhi): various ways of singing typical of certain
birds and animals ex: 'eku:ku'i pi ma:c. they(the birds) do not know their various ways of singing.

ku:ku'ul N aggreg: a bird ,burrowing owl (also called kologam) ku:ku'ulig s- Stat impers: to be full of burrowing owls in one location ku:m Vtr [Neutr: def ku:k; indef ku:m; hort ku:kum; imper sgs ku:kuma-. Correl:
ku:kum-k; immed: knukum-ka-'i. Compl: ku:kumi-ok; immed ku:kumi-oka-'i Dur: ku:mad. Interr: ku:ma-him/ ku:mi-him.]: to eat/ chew on obj (something that comes in little pieces, such as corn, popcorn, pieces of candy) ex: Nt o ku:k g hu:. I'll chew on corn. --Nt o si 'em'onmadk 'emku:k. I, having put salt on you (the quails) will chew on you (the way one eats candy or kernels of corn). -Kunkuma! Chew on it! -- M g ku:kum! Why don't you chew on it! -- si ku:kumk ghekaj si 'ehibu. having chewed on it thoroughly he sprinkled himself with it. -Ku:kumioka'i! Chew on it first! -- Skovim ku:m. He is making a crunching noise as he is chewing on it (salad, celery). --M g ab 'i ku:mad! Keep on chewing on it! -- Pi g 'am skokpkim ku:mad g lu:lsi, pt ab o vi:id! Don't chew on the candy making a crunching noise, suck it! -- 'am 'i ku:mihim. He chewed and chewed on it (hearsay).

-ku:mku N: something on which one chews

hu:-ku:mku NComp aggreg: corn cob (without kernels)

ku:na (Span: cuna) N inalien indiv: cradle (same as 'iapta) ku:p- Vtr Unit (for Repet see kukpa) sgo (for plo see ku:kp) [Neutr: def ku:; imper
sgs: ku:pa-/ ku:pi-, pls: ku:p-o; hort ku:p. Correl: ku:p-k; immed: ku:p-ka-'i. Compl: ku:p-ok; immed: ku:p-oka-'i. Interr: ku:pa-him.]: to close obj, to lock obj in ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i ku: g ki:. I'll close the door. -- Nt o ku: g 'ali. I'll lock the child in. -Hema 'atk ku: 'am ki:c'e. Someone locked me up inside the house. --He'es 'apt 'i ta ku:? How long did you lock him up (in jail)? -- Ku:pa g kavyu! Put the horse in (the corral)! --Ku:pa g vaso! Close the pot! --Ku:pi/ kunpa g ki:! Close the house! -Kunpi g hu ki:c'e! Lock him up inside the house! --B(<'ab) g 'i ku:p g ki:! (could you) close the door! --Ku:pahim 'a. I am about to close it (the store). -- Nt o ku:pok o m'oi. I'll close it (the store) before I go with you. --B(<'ab) 'apt o ku:poka'i! Make sure that you've closed it (before doing something else). --Nt o m'oi ku:pka'i g ntianna. I'll go with you after I have closed my store.

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ku:p-/ ku:pi'ok ku:p- Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-kukpa) sgs (for pls see 'e-ku:kp) [Neutr: def
'e-ku:]: to get closed; to close oneself, lock oneself up; to choke ex: ku: 'antk. I locked myself in. --Pt o 'o(<'e)ku:. You'll choke (from eating something that will stick in your throat).

ku:pa N indiv [pl: ku:kpa]: dam, charco (water behind a dam) ku:pacud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ku:pac. Interr: 'e-ku:pacuda-him]: to get locked up in
one location ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-ku:pac. He was locked up (in jail). -- 'Eku:pacudahim. He is about to be locked up (in jail).

ku:pad see ku:pid = Vdtr: to close obj for somebody -ku:paag N: closure
vaika-ku:paag NComp [pl: vaika-ku:kpaag]: closure, gate of an irrigation ditch

ku:pag Stat impers Unit sing [mult: ku:kpag]: there is a dam, a charco somewhere
ex: 'Am 'o ku:pag. There is a dam down there. -- 'Am 'o ku:kpag. There are several dams down there.

ku:pc semi Stat tr Unit (for Distr see ku:kpc) [Neutr: indef ku:pc. Dur: ku:pci-d.
Interr: ku:pc=ka-him]: to have obj closed/ locked in one location ex: G 'a hu ku:pc. I have it locked up over there. --Napt o ku:pcid g 'eki:? Are you going to keep your house locked? --Pi g 'am ku:pcid! Don't keep it locked up! --Nt o ku:pcid 'am ki: 'ea. I'll keep it/him locked up in my house.

ku:pc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-ku:pc. Dur: 'e-ku:pci-d]: to have oneself locked
in, in one place ex: Nt o ku:pcid 'am ki:c'e. I'll keep the door closed (I'll be inside the house with the door closed).

ku:pi- see Vtr ku:p- = to close obj ku:pid/ ku:pad Vdtr Unit (for Repet see kukpid) sgo [Neutr: def ku:p/ ku:pad; hort
ku:pid/ ku:pad]: to close obj for somebody ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o a(<va) mku:p. I'll close it for you. -- 'I ku:pid! Close it for me!

ku:pi'ok Vtr Unit (for Repet see kukpi'ok) sgo [Neutr: def ku:pi'o; hort ku:pi'ok;
imper sgs: ku:pi'oka-, pls ku:pi'ok-o]: to open obj, to get obj out ex: Nt o ku:pi'o g ki:. I'll open the house. --Ku:pi'oka g ki:! Open the house! -ku:pi'oko! Get me out of here!

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ku:pi'ok/ ku:dag ku:pi'ok Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-kukpi'ok) sgs: to get opened, to open oneself ku:p see Vtr ku:p- = to close obj ku:p see Vdtr ku:pid = to close obj for somebody ku:p[] Stat Unit (for Distr see ku:kp) [Neutr: indef ku:p. Dur: ku:p[]=ka-d. Interr:
ku:p[]=kahim]: to be closed, locked in in one place ex: Hemakoji ku:p g nda:k. One of my nostrils is stuffed up (My nose is closed on one side). --Ku:p 'o. It's closed (the store). -- 'Am 'o g kavyu ku:p. The horse is locked in there (a corral). -- 'ab ku:p g mu'i kakavyu. Many horses were (hearsay) locked in there (in one corral). --He'es 'ap 'i ta ku:pkahim? How long have you been locked up (in jail)? --Go:k ta 'a ku:pkahim. I was locked up for two days. --He'es 'apt 'i ta o ku:pkad? How long will you be locked up?

ku:pk N: dam (place where something is locked in) ku:pk Stat impers Unit: there is a place where something is closed, locked in; there is a
dam somewhere ex: ga:j hu hub(<hab) ha'ap mo 'ob(<'ab) ku:pk. way over there, where the place where they are locked in is. --'ab mo 'ob(<'ab) ku:pk 'ab up there where the dam is.

ku:stalig N: endurance with regard to thirst (a Pima word) ku:stk s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-ku:stk]: to be able to endure thirst ku: see Vintr ku:p = to get scorched ku:ad Vintr (?) [Neutr: def and indef ku:ad]: to hunt in a group
ex: Napt o tve:m ku:ad? Will you hunt with us?

ku:adame Vintr (?) Unit sgs (for pls see ku:adop) [Neutr: def ku: adam;
hort ku:adame]: to go and hunt in a group ex: Nt o ku:adam have:m. I'll go and hunt with them.

ku:addam N subst aggreg: ones hunting in a group, one group of hunters ku:adop Vintr (?) pls (for sgs see ku:adame) [Neutr: def ku:ado]: to go and hunt
in a group

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ku:dag/ ku:vid ku:dag in ha'icu ku:dag NExpr: scorching (same as ha'icu ku:pidag)
cucul-hido-ku:dag NComp: scorching of the chicken stew

ku:daj N inalien: scorching of a specified type of food (same as ku:pidaj) ku:p Vintr [Neutr: def ku:. Interr: ku:pa-him]: to get scorched, to stick to the pan
ex: Ku: 'atk g mu:-hido. The beans got scorched (hearay). --M g nonoigad g 'atol, t o ku:. Keep stirring the gravy, it will stick to the pan (if you don't). -- Ku:pahim 'o g mu:-hido. The beans are getting scorched.

ku:pid Vtr [Neutr: def ku:p; hort ku:pid]: to scorch obj, to let obj get scorched
ex: Ku:p 'antk g hido. I let my stew get scorched. --Pi g 'am hu ku:pid! Don't let it get scorched!

ku:pidag in ha'icu ku:pidag NExpr: scorching (same as ha'icu ku:dag) ku:pidaj N inalien: scorching of a specified type of food (same as ku:daj) ku:p see Vtr ku:pid: to let obj get scorched ku:tpa see Vtr ku:tpag: to treat one's rheumatism ku:tpag Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ku:tpa; hort 'e-ku:tpag]: to apply a branch of heated
greasewood on oneself (in order to treat one's rheumatism) ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)ku:tpa. You will apply a branch of heated greasewood on yourself --'E-g'eku:tpag! (Why don't you) apply a branch of heated greasewood on yourself!

ku:t Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ku:t]: to heat a branch of greasewood (on coals in order
to cure rheumatism) ex: Napt ku:t g egai? Did you heat the greasewood? --M(<'am) g 'i ku:t g egai! (Why don't you) heat the greasewood!

ku:va (Span: cubo) N inalien indiv [pl: kuk[u]va]: bucket to get water from the well
(often made of raw hide or canvas)

ku:vid N alien indiv [pl: kukuvid]: pronghorn

lai/ la'lap la-

lai (Span: rey) N alien indiv [pl: lalai]: king lalabis see N la:bis = pencil lalai see N lai = king lalamba see N la:mba = lamp, light lalans see N la:nsa = spear lalastaku see N la:staku = harrow, drag lalavos see N la:vos = nail la'aje see le'eje la'a see Vtr la'ap = to trap, catch obj with a snare la'ap Vtr sgo (for plo see la'lap) [Neutr: def la'a; hort la'ap[]; imper sgs la'apa-.
Interr: la'apa-him/ la'ap[]-him]: to trap, catch obj with a snare ex: La'a 'ant g nahagio. I trapped the mouse. --La'apa g nahagio! Trap the mouse!

la'apaku N indiv [pl: la'lapaku]: trap, snare; clothespin la'apame Vtr Unit sgs and sgo (for pls and plo see la'lapo) [Neutr: def la'apam;
hort la'apame]: to go and trap, snare obj ex: Nt o la'apam. I'll go and trap it.

la'apamkam s-cu- N: one who likes trapping la'apid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort la'apid; imper sgs la'apida-]: to trap, catch obj
with a snare for somebody ex: Nt o mla'apid. I'll trap it for you. -- la'apida! Trap it for me!

la'la see Vtr la'lap = to trap, catch obj with a snare la'lap Vtr Unit (for Repet see la'laap) plo (for sgo see la'ap) [Neutr: def la'la;
indef la'lap; hort la'lap[]. Dur: la'lapa-d. Interr: la'lapa-him]: to trap, catch obj with a snare; to peg obj (as with clothespins) ex: Go:k 'ant hala'la g ba:ban. I trapped two coyotes. -- Ha-g-la'lap g nanhagio! Trap the mice!-- Ha-'o-la'lap g ba:ban hemu. He is trapping coyotes now. --Nt o ho(<ha)la'lapad. I'll be trapping them continually. -- Nap hala'lapahim g nanhagio? Have you been trapping mice? --Nap 'am a(<va) hala'lapahim g vapkona? Have you been pegging the washing? --Nt o ho(<ha)la'lapahid g vapkona. I'll be pegging my washing (on a clothesline).

la'lap[a]dam/ la:nju la'lap[a]dam s-cu- N aggreg: trapper (one whose job is to trap things) la'lapadam ha- N: a trapper of
ba:ban hala'lapadam NExpr: a trapper of coyotes ba:ban hala'lapada vu Stat Expr: to be a trapper of coyotes ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ba:ban hala'lapadam. He is a trapper of coyotes.

la'lapaku see N la'apaku = trap; clothes-pin la'lapame Vtr Unit sgs and plo (for pls and plo see la'lapo) [Neutr: def la'lapam;
hort la'lapame]: to go and trap, snare object ex: Nt o ho(<ha)la'lapam g ba:ban. I'll go and trap coyotes.

la'lapo Vtr pls and plo (for sgs and plo see la'lapame; for sgs and sgo see la'apame): to go and trap, snare obj
ex: Vatt o ho(<ha)la'lapo g ba:ban. We'll go and trap coyotes.

la'laap Vtr Repet (for Unit see la'lap) plo [Neutr: indef la'laap]: to trap, catch obj
repeatedly ex: Cum 'o hekid hala'laap. He traps something every time.

la:-

la:bis (Span: lapiz) N inalien indiv [pl: lalabis]: pencil la:mba (Span: lampa) N indiv [pl: lalamba]: lamp, light
ex: Ha-g-cu:c g lalamba. Turn off the lights! ma:gina-la:mba NComp(?) indiv [pl: ma:gina-lalamba]: car light

la:nji (Span: lante) N alien aggreg [reflex poss: 'e-la:nji=ga]: lentils la:njiga Stat: to have lentils la:nju (Span: rancho) N alien/inalien indiv: ranch la:nju Stat sing: to have a ranch
ex: 'Am 'a ge la:nju. I happen to have a ranch down there.

la:njug/ le'eje la:njug Stat impers Unit: there is a ranch (somewhere)

ex: 'Am 'o la:njug. There is a ranch down there.

la:nsa (Span: lanza) N alien indiv [sg (reflex: 'e-la:nsa=ga); pl: lalans]: spear la:scud (Span: rastrillar) Vdtr [Neutr: def lasc; hort la:scud]: to harrow obj for
somebody (see also lastmadacud)

la:st (Span: rastrillar)Vtr [Neutr: def and hort la:st]: to harrow obj (see also la:stmad) la:staku N indiv [pl: lalastaku]: harrow, drag (see also la:stmaku) la:stmad (Span: rastrillar)Vtr [Neutr: def and hort la:stmad]: to go over obj with a
harrow (see also la:st) ex: Nt o 'i la:stmad g 'oidag. I'll go over my field with a harrow.

la:stmadacud Vdtr [Neutr: def la:stmadac; hort la:stmadacud]: to go over obj with a
harrow for somebody (see also la:scud) ex: Nt o 'i mla:stmadac. I'll go over it (your field) with a harrow for you.

la:stmaku N indiv [pl: lalastmaku]: harrow, drag (see also la:staku) la:vos (Span: clavos) N indiv [pl: lalavos]: nail

le-

lepidva Vintr: to slip (same as dapidva) le'eje/ la'aje in NExpr(?) Ban Le'eje/ La'aje: Expression used to frighten children
ex: Ko:si, t o mmel g Ban Le'eje! Go to sleep (or else) Coyote Le'eje will get you.

le'eje/ la'aje in NExpr(?) nak le'eje/ la'aje used to refer to a child who does not
behave

lial/ lilial li-

lial (Span: real) N alien aggreg [(reflex: 'e-lial=ga); distr: lilial]: money
ex: 'Ac hekaj ha'icu hanolot. We buy things with it (money) -- 'An 'o ha'i ve:c g lial mi:sa da:m, no (< vu) m'ega? There is some money on the table, is it yours? -- ..matp he'ekia 'i lial 'egid. ..whatever amount of money he owns. --'Idam navko'i hek vua g 'elialga. Drunkards waste their money. -- halilialga= their money (each one of several persons). cu:dp-lial NComp alien[1st pers sg n-cu:dp-lial=ga]: 75 cents gi'ik-lial NComp alien indiv [sg (reflex: 'e-gi'ik-lial=ga); pl: gi'igk-lial]: 50 cents go:k-lial NComp alien indiv [sg (reflex: 'e-go:k-lial=ga); pl: go'ogok-lial]: 25 cents

lial ba'iham NExpr [1st pers sg -lial=ga ba'iham]: money bag lialga Stat: to have money
ex: o'ig 'o, pi 'o ho(<ha) lialga. He is poor, he does not have any money. --Pi 'i(<'a) ha lialga. I don't have any money.

lialga s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-lilialga): to have a lot of money
ex: Slialga 'a. I have a lot of money. -- Hegam 'o slialga. They have a lot of money (which they own in common).

lialgakadma s- V subst: to be expected by speaker to have a lot of money

ex: Ge 'o a slialgakadma. I thought he had a lot of money.

lianda (Span: rienda) N inalien indiv [pl: lilianda]: reins, bridle liat (Span: reata) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg liata-j) pl: liliat]: rawhide rope, lariat
ex: Vapkial hekaj havupa g haiva. Cowboys rope cattle with it (a lariat)

liat Stat sing: to have a lariat liatcud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def liatc; hort liatcud]: to make a lariat out of obj for
somebody

liatt Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort liatt]: to make a lariat out of obj
ex: Nt o hema liatt. I'll make a lariat out of it.

lilial see N lial = money

lilialga/ li:va lilialga s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-lialga): to have a lot of money
ex: Hegam 'o slilialga. Each one of them has a lot of money.

lilianda see N lianda = reins, bridle liliat see N liat = lariat lilima see N li:ma = whetstone, grindstone liliva see N li:va = coat, overcoat lilmmida see N lim:da = glass lilso see N li:so = prisoner lilso haki: NExpr: prison (prisoners their house) lim:da (Span: limeta) N alien indiv [pl: lilmmida]: drinking glass lim:da (Span: limeta; dial: mil:da, mil:do) N mass: glass (substance) lim:da-ha'a NComp(?): bottle (glass container for liquids)
ex: Ba:pt dai g lim:da-ha'a? Where did you put the bottle?

li:-

li:ma (Span: lima) N inalien indiv [pl: lilima]: whetstone, grindstone

ex: a: 'o 'e'a'aga hega'i mo 'ob(<ab) 'emu'ukad g vainom? B(<hab) 'o 'o(<'e)'a'aga li:ma. How is that called that on which a knife is sharpened? It's called a grindstone.

li:mhu N: ceremony with singing and dancing (victory dance with the scalp of an
enemy at the return of Enemy Slayer) ex: Nap sma:c g li:mhu? Do you know how to dance the li:mhu?

li:mhu Vreflex [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-li:mhu. Interr: 'e-li:mhu-him]: to dance the
li:mhu ex: Gami 'at hu hab haha 'eli:mhu. Then they danced (hearsay) the li:mhu. -- Cum 'eli:mhuhim. They used to dance the li:mhu.

li:so (Span: preso) N indiv [pl: lilso]: prisoner li:va (Span: levita) N inalien indiv [pl: liliva]: coat, overcoat (same as va:kidalig)

li:vakam/ lo:ba vi:pi'idag li:vakam N subst: one with a coat

Judum-Li:vakam NComp(?): a nickname (the-One-with-a-Coat-like-a-Bear)

lo-

lolomaiag see N lomaiag = old type of pack saddle lolombo see N lombo = top lomaiag (Span: lomo) N inalien indiv [pl: lolomaidag]: old type of pack saddle (made
of two bundles of grass tied together)

lomaiagt Vtr sing: to make an old type of pack saddle out of obj lombo (Span: trompo) N inalien indiv [pl: lolombo]: top (a toy)

lo:-

lo:ba (Span: ropa) N mass: material, cloth

ex: Nt o ho(<ha) bei g lo:ba. I'll get some material. --Nt o ho(<ha) bei g lo:ba t o s'o'oik, vo hema 'ipuc. I'll get some material which has designs to make myself a skirt. smoik lo:ba NExpr: velvet (soft material) smoik lo:ba vu Stat Expr: to be velvet ex: Heg 'o hob(< hab) ha 'ega mo smoik u lo:ba. She has a piece of clothing that is velvet. toki-lo:ba NComp mass: cotton cloth

lo:ba (Span: ropa) N alien aggreg [distr: lol[o]ba]: piece(s) of material, cloth
toki-lo:ba NComp inalien aggreg [reflex: 'e-toki-lo:ba; 3rd pers sg: toki-lo:ba-j]: a piece of cotton cloth toki-lo:ba Stat Comp: to have a piece of cotton cloth

lo:ba vi:pi'idag: NExpr aggreg: pieces of left-over material of different kinds

lo:dait/ lu:nas lo:dait (Span: pleitear) Vtr [Neutr: def lo:dai; hort lo:dait]: to try obj in court
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)lo:dai. l'll fight them in court. -- M 'at o lo:dai. I hear that I am going to be tried in court (they are going to judge me).

lo:dait[a]dam ha- N: judge (one whose job is to try people in court) lo:daitaku-ki: NComp: courthouse (place where one goes to court) lo:go (Span: loco) N sg: crazy one lo:go vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a crazy one
ex: Pi i(<'a) u lo:go. I am not a crazy one.

lo:gocud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-lo:goc; hort 'e-lo:gocud]: to become crazy
ex: 'A mapt ab o 'o(<'e)lo:goc? You are just going crazy! -- 'Id 'atk o 'elo:goc. He is going to become crazy (evidential).

lo:goag Stat sgs: to be crazy (see also lo:gog)

ex: No lo:goag hega'i? Is he crazy?

lo:gog Stat sgs: to be crazy (see also lo:goag)

ex: a 'ap a(<va) lo:gog. You are quite crazy.

lo:na (Span: lona) N mass: canvas lo:na-vako NComp indiv [sg (loc: lo:na-vako-c-'e); pl: lo:na-vapko)]: canvas water
bag

lu:-

lu:lsi (Span: dulce) N alien aggreg: candy, candies

ex: Lu:lsi 'o ob(<vab) si s'i'ov. Candy is too sweet.

lu:nas/ lu:nis (Span: lunes) loc N: Monday

ex: 'Oidckam g Domig. (Monday is the day) following Sunday -- Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id g Lu:nas. I don't like Monday(s). --Lu:nas 'e= on Monday

lu:ya/ ma lu:ya (Span ?) N alien: gray horse

ex: Nap eid g lu:ya? Do you see the gray horse?

ma-

maccu N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: maccua-j); pl: mamccud]: grinding stone,
metate; molar tooth ex: Nt o okp g maccu. I'll chip the metate (to make it properly rough). --hema g maccu= one of my molars -- ha'i g mamccu= some of my molars

maccu Stat sing [mult: mamccu]: to have a grinding stone, a molar tooth maccucud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def maccuc]: to make a grinding stone for somebody
out of obj

maccut Vtr sing [Neutr: def maccut]: to make a grinding stone out of obj
ex: Nt o hema maccut. I'll make a grinding stone (out of it).

macpu (dial: macpo) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg macpua-j; instr: macpu-kaj);
pl: mamcpu; 1st pers sg -mamcpu]: toe; finger ex: mac 'an hekaj ha'icu bebbhe. (fingers are) that with which we grab things. cem macpu NExpr inalien indiv [1st pers sg cem -macpu]: little toe ge'e macpu NExpr inalien indiv [1st pers sg ge'e -macpu]: big toe

macvidag see N mamcvidag = long feathers at the extremity of the wing of a bird macvidaj see N mamcvidaj = long feathers of a specified bird (its long feathers) ma N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg maa-j); pl: ma:ma]: offspring, child (term used
by the mother to refer to and address any one of her children, also used by the mother's older brother je'es, and the mother's older sister da:d 'oks/ da:d 'oksi) ex: heghekaj mo (<vu) cecioj hegam ma:maaj. because they were boys, her children. cioj ma NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: cioj -ma) pl: cecioj ma:ma]: boy cucul-ma NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: n-cucul-ma=ga); pl: cucul-ma:ma]: chick gogs ma:ma NExpr: one litter of puppies ex: gogsga ma:ma= the puppies of my dog gogs-ma NComp alien indiv [pl: gogogs-ma:ma; 1st pers sg -gogogsma:ma=ga]: puppy

10

ma/ magka
kavyu-ma NComp alien indiv [sg(1st pers sg -kavyu-ma=ga) pl: kakavyuma:ma; 1st pers sg -kakavyu-ma:ma=ga ]: colt 'uvi ma NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: 'uvi -ma); pl: 'u'uvi ma:ma]: girl

ma Stat sing [mult: ma:ma]: to have a child, a little one, a fruit

ex: ku g'ea 'ab ma:ma. in it (the nest) she (the mother eagle) has the little ones (hearsay). --K he'ekia 'i ma:ma? How many children does she have? --P he'ekia 'i ma:ma? How many children do you have? -- Nap ge ma? Do you have a child? -- Nap ge ma:ma? Do you have children? --Ge 'o ma. She happens to have a child (unexpectedly, as with a very young woman).--Hek 'o hu ge ma:ma. She already has children. --Hemako 'o(<'a) ma I have one child. --M(<'am) 'a a(<va) 'al 'i hemako ma. So far I have only one child. --Pi ha ma:ma g hu:. The corn does not have any ears.

ma vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ma:ma]: to be a woman's child, the fruit of a plant
ex: g m'o'ogba mo heg u ma:ma. your deceased fathers who were her sons.

maa, ma:a (lengthening for emphasis) N inalien[1st pers sg ma:a!] : diminutive

(used by a mother to address her child)

maba N inalien indiv: deceased child of a woman macud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def mac; hort macud]: to deliver the child (boy or girl) of a
woman

mapig Vtr sing (for mult see ma:mapig): to remove one ear of corn, one squash or
cantaloupe, off the plant

mat Vtr sing (for mult see mamat) sgs [Neutr: def mat. Interr: mata-him]: to give
birth to a child ex: Tk o mat. She is going to have a child (evidential). --Cioj 'atk mat. She got a boy. --'Uv 'atk mat. She got a girl. --Matahim 'o. She is close to giving birth.

mava Vintr sgs [Neutr: def mava. Interr: mavu-him]: to give birth to a child (same
as mamahog) ex: Mava 'atk. She gave birth (evidential). --Mavuhim 'o. She is in the process of giving birth.

magka Vtr: to perforate obj (same as magkan?)

ex: 'oia gm hu ab gahi magka hega'i do'ag. but she just worked her way all the way through that mountain. -- Nt o hema gahi magka heg'ab huk m'am ke:k. I'll drill a hole through that board standing there.

11

magka / mai magka Vreflex: to wear out from use in one spot (as of a pot or material)
ex: 'Emagka 'at g hidoaku. The cooking pot is worn out in one spot. -- T o 'o(<'e)magka. It is going to wear out.

magkaa Vtr [Neutr: indef magkaa]: to work one's way through / perforate obj (as
with claws, or teeth, or a tool) (same as magka?)

magkaa V reflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-magkaa]: to wear out (as of a cooking pot, or
material) reiteratedly (same as 'e-magka?) ex: Heg 'o 'om(<'am) 'emagkaa. It wears out again and again (you patch it and it wears out again).

magkan Vtr sgo (for plo see mamagkan) [Neutr: def magka; hort magkan. Interr:
magkana-him]: to work one's way through obj (as with claws or teeth, or a tool), to perforate obj ex: B g magkan! Perforate it! --Magkanahim 'a. I am about to perforate it. --M(<'am) g ab (<vab) 'i magkanahid! Keep on working your way through it! --Pt o a(<va) magka 'am magkanahimc. You will perforate it as you work your way through it.

magkan Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-magka. Interr: 'e-magkana-him]: to wear out from
use in one spot (said of a pot or material) ex: 'Emagkanahim. It is in the process of wearing out.

magkan Stat sgs: to be perforated

ex: B(<vab) gahi magkan g do'ag. The mountain is perforated all the way through.

magka Vtr sgo (for plo see mamagka) [Neutr: indef magka]: to perforate obj
(same as magkaa?)

magka Vreflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-magka]: to get perforated reiteratedly (same as 'emagkaa?)

magvin Vreflex sgs {Neutr: indef 'e-magvin. Dur: 'e-magvina-d]: to wave one's hand
ex: 'Emagvin 'o. He is waving his hand. -- 'E-g-magvinad! Keep on waving your hand!

mai see Vtr ma:c = to learn something, to find out about somebody mai see Vtr s-ma:c = to find out about obj mai see Vreflex 'e-ma:c = to learn something involving oneself mai see Vreflex s-'e-ma:c = to find out something involving oneself

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maihog/ maintakam maihog N indiv [pl: mamaihog[]]: centipede

ex: C heg 'an 'ep memea jevuo; hab a(<va) 'ep cuke'idagc ge mu'i kakhio. And it also runs around on the ground; it has a stinger as well and it has a surprising number of legs.

maik see Vintr maiko'o = to get indigestion maiko'icud V impers tr plo (for sgo see maimcud) [Neutr: def maiko'ic. Interr:
maiko'icuda-him]: to give obj indigestion ex: Tmaiko'icudahim ['o]. We are getting indigestion (it is giving us indigestion).

maiko'o Vintr pls (for sgs see maim) [Neutr: def maik]: to get indigestion
ex: Maik 'att. We've got indigestion. -- Hegam 'at maik. They've got indigestion (I hear).

maim Vintr Unit (for Repet see maimmuk) sgs (for pls see maiko'o) [Neutr: def
maim]: to get indigestion ex: Napt maim? Do you have indigestion? --Maim 'at. (I hear that) he has indigestion.

maimcud Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see maiko'icud) [Neutr: def maimc. Interr:
maimcuda-him]: to give obj indigestion ex: Tk o maimc. It'll give me indigestion (evidential).--maimcudahim ['o]. It's giving me indigestion.

maimmuk Vintr Repet (for Unit see maim) sgs: to get indigestion repeatedly main N inalien indiv [pl: mamain; distr: ma'main]: sleeping mat main Stat sing [mult: mamain]: to have a sleeping mat maincud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def mainc; hort maincud]: to make a sleeping mat out of obj
for somebody

maint Vtr sing (for mult see mamaint) [Neutr: def maint. Interr: mainta-him]: to make
a sleeping mat out of obj

mainta N inalien: mat-making; mat in the process of being made maint[a]dam N: mat-maker (one whose job is to make mats) maint[a]ag s- Stat sgs: to be good at matmaking maintakam s- N subst: one who is good at mat-making

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maipid/ mam[a]hoag maipid see N mavid = mountain lion maipidag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-mavidag): to be full of mountain lions
in various locations (same as mamvidag)

makkomig/ makkomag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-mamakkomig): to be

full of caterpillars in one location

Makkomi-Vo'o NComp [loc: Makkomi-Vo'o-t-'am]: a place name (Caterpillar Pond) makkom N aggreg: caterpillar Makkom-Ku'adam NComp(?) aggreg: nickname of a group of people (Caterpillar
Eaters)

makoad Vtr sgo (for plo see mamkoad) [Neutr: def and hort makoad]: to tie the
limbs of obj together; to put handcuffs on obj

makoag N indiv [pl: mamkoag]: anything serving to tie limbs (such as legs of a
horse) together; a pair of handcuffs (also called maiaadaku)

makoag Stat sing: to have something to tie with; to have a pair of handcuffs makoagt Vtr sing [Neutr: def, hort makoagt]: to make a pair of handcuffs out of obj makopi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def makopi'o; hort makopi'ok]: to remove handcuffs
from obj

Malya (Span: Maria) N indiv [pl: Mamlliya]: Mary mal:ma (Span: maromero) N indiv [pl: mamlloma]: circus mal:mac'e pay:sa NExpr(?): a circus clown mamaho see Vintr mamahog = to give birth to a child mam[a]ho N mass [distr: mammaho]: water scum (light green algae that forms
on top of still water); mould, mildew (as on food)

mam[a]hoag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-mammahoag): to be full of

scum, mould, in one location

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mam[a]hoag[]/ mamagka mam[a]hoag[] s- Stat: to be mouldy, mildewed mamahogi Vintr [Neutr: def mamahogi. Interr: mamahogi-him]: to become
mouldy, mildewed ex: Ge 'etk(<'atk) 'i mamahogi. It (bread or milk) happened to have become mouldy.

mamahomag s- Adj: scum-like green mamahomag[] s- Stat: to be scum-like green (like water scum) mamahog Vintr sgs [Neutr: def mamaho. Interr: mamahog[i]-him]: to give birth to
a child (same as mava) ex: Mamaho 'otk. She gave birth. --Vo mamaho hega'i Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks. she is going to give birth, that Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks. -- Mamahoghim 'o. She is close to giving birth.

mamahog N inalien [3rd pers sg mamahoga-j]: secondary limbs of a saguaro cactus mamahog Stat: to have secondary limbs (a saguaro cactus)
ex:ha:a mo mamahog= saguaro which has secondary limbs -- hegam mo mamahog= those that have secondary limbs

mamahog s- Stat: to have many secondary limbs (a saguaro cactus)

ex: a 'i smamahog hega'i ha:a. That saguaro has many secondary limbs.

mamahogam N aggreg [distr: mammahogam]: saguaro cactus with secondary limbs

ex: hega'i mamahogam= that saguaro cactus with secondary limbs -- hegam mamahogam= those saguaros with secondary limbs (in one location) -- hegam mammahogam= those saguaros with secondary limbs here and there

mamagina see N ma:gina = car; machine mamaginag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-mammaginag): to be full of cars in
one location

mamagkan Vtr plo (for sgo see magkan) [Neutr: def mamagka; hort mamagkan]: to
perforate obj

mamagka Vtr plo (for sgo see magka) [Neutr: indef mamagka]: to perforate obj
reiteratedly ex: Cum hekid hamamagka g 'ealiv 'ab 'eto:to 'ab. He always wears out his pants at the knee (his knees).

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mamaihogag/ mamce mamaihogag s- Stat impers: to be full of centipedes mamaihog see N maihog = centipede mamain see N main = sleeping mat mamain see Stat main = to have a sleeping mat mamaint Vtr mult (for sing see maint): to make sleeping mats out of obj
ex: Mamaint 'o, atp huhat. They are making mats out of it, or maybe it is baskets.

mamakai see N ma:kai = medicine man mamakai see Stat Expr vu ma:kai = to be a medicine man mamakkomig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-makkomig): to be full of
caterpillars in several locations

mamal N indiv [pl: mammal]: a pair of twin leaves or fruits that have grown together;
Siamese twins

mamal vu Stat Expr: to be a joined pair of fruit, plants, people

ex: 'I:bhai u mamal. The prickly pear cactus has two joined trunks (is a joined pair).

mamaiko see N subst ma:iko: a lame one mamaikog see Stat ma:ikog: to be lame mamauc semi Stat reflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-mamauc. Dur: 'e-mamauci-d]: to have
one's fingers locked together, to be holding hands with one's fingers locked together

mamaucug Vreflex pls [Neutr: indef 'e-mamaucug. Dur: 'e-mamaucuga-d]: to be

moving holding hands with one's fingers locked together

mamc see Stat reflex s-'e-ma:c = to be knowledgeable mamc see Stat Expr s-cu-ma:c = to be learned, knowledgeable mamccu see N maccu = grinding stone; molar tooth mamce (redupl of ma:c) Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef mamce. Correl: mamce-k;
immed: mamce-ka-'i. Dur: mamce-d. Interr: mamce-him]: to study, to figure out, to find out, to discover something ex: Pt o 'i mamce, t o a(<va) 'i vuha. Study it, it will become clear the problem -- kutt 'am hig o a 'i mamce ha'icu. we should figure out what it is. -- k cum mamce mat has o ju: 'i:da'a 'edaiku t hab pi cum heba'i vab o vi'ickvuhid. and he was trying in vain to find out what to do about his seat so that (the wind) would not carry it along.--

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mamce/ mamka
'I mamce mas heba'i 'e'estois hega'i lial! Figure out where that money is hidden! --Cum 'o hekid mamce g 'O'odham-i'ok. He studies 'O'odham continually. --Pi g 'am hu cum hekid mamced! Don't be studying (it) all the time! --Cum 'a mamcehim g e'i. I used to study the song. -- Pt 'am hig ha'icu o 'i mamcehi! You(sg) should figure out what it is! -mamt 'am hig ha'icu o 'i mamcehi 'im hab tba'ic. ... that you(pl) should figure out what is ahead of us. -- mat ab o mai ha'icu 'am 'i mamceka'i. (the medicine man) who will just figure out what something is by studying it (for a while).

mamcim see s-'e-ma:cim = smart one, expert mamcim see NExpr s-cu-ma:cim = learned, knowledgeable one mamcpu see N macpu = toe mamcvidag N inalien pl [instr: mamcvidag-kaj]: long feathers at the extremity of the
wings of a bird (the array of long feathers is usually referred to as a whole, but the singular macvidag is possible) ex:. 'an hahikkumi'o 'in hakukvo 'ana'i 'emamcvidagkaj. he (Buzzard) severed their necks with his long feathers. ba'ag-mamcvidag NComp: long feathers of an eagle

mamcvidag N inalien (?): purifier of feathers used in curing rites made with the long
feathers of certain birds (also called mamcviku)

mamcvidagkam N: one with long feathers; one with (having) a purifier of long
feathers (only the long feathers growing at the extremity of the wing should be used in making a purifier of feathers) o'oxpolk-Mamcvidagkam NComp(?): a nickname (One-with-a-Short-Purifier-ofFeathers)

mamcvidaj N: long feathers of a specified bird (its long feathers; the array of long
feathers is usually referred to as a whole, but the sg macvidaj is possible)

mamcvig N: extremity of arm or wing (a Pima word?) mamcviku N: purifier of feathers used in curing rites (also called mamcvidag) mamka Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ma:k) [Neutr: indef mamka. Dur: mamkad. Interr:
mamka-him]: to give obj to somebody repeatedly ex: Pi a 'i hamamka matp 'am cum hanonlot 'idam 'o'odham. They (the boys) keep refusing to give them (the people) the birds (them) which the people keep trying in vain to buy from them (the boys). -- T 'am hab cum hema mamka g 'uv mat o ho:nt hega'i cioj. In vain do they repeatedly offer the boy a girl for him to marry (hearsay). -- hab o vuadc 'ab o cum mamakad. he keeps acting as if he were going to give it to him.

17

mamka/ mammagina mamka Vdtr Distr (for Unit see ma:k) [Neutr: def mamka. Compl: mamka-yok;
immed: mamka-yoka-'i]: to divide obj equally among several people, to give the same amount of something to each one of several people ex: Nt o ho(<ha)mamka 'i:da'a. I'll give one of these (cakes, or fruits) to each one of them. --Hek hu hamamka g 'e'a'alidag g ha'icu 'e'ega. He has already divided his property among his children.

mamka Vreflex tr [Neutr: def 'e-mamka]: to divide obj equally among oneselves ex: Mu:
g ha'o:g k 'emamka g ha'icu 'egaj. After their father died they divided his property among themselves. -- Tt o tmamka! Let's divide it among ourselves! -- k 'am 'i ves 'emamka hega'i cu:kug. and they divided all of the meat among themselves. ha'icu 'e-mamka VExpr reflex: to exchange presents ex: Ha'icu 'u(<'e)mamka. They repeatedly exchange presents.

mamkoad Vtr plo (for sgo see makoad) [Neutr: def and hort mamkoad]: to tie
obj together with a cord or strap around its limbs (either legs or arms)

mamkoada N inalien pl: ones tied together by a strap or cord around their limbs
(either legs or arms) ex: Nt o 'i haga: g mamkoada. I'll look for my (ones which I) tied together.

mamkoag see N makoag = anything serving to tie limbs together (such as a pair
of handcuffs)

mamkoag Stat reflex: to be tied together/ to each other (around the legs or arms)
ex: hegam kakavyu mo 'om(<'am) a 'emamkoag. those horses which are tied together.

Mamlliya haPiast NExpr: feast day for the girls called Mary mamlloma see N mal:ma = circus mammaho see N mamaho = water scum; mould, mildew mammahoag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-mamahoag): to be full of
scum/ mould in several locations

mammahogam see N mamahogam = saguaro with secondary limbs Mammagam see N subst Ma:mgam = one(s) from a sib of the Buzzard moiety mammagina see N ma:gina = car; machine

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mammaginag/ mamsid mammaginag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-mamaginag): to be full of cars in
various locations

mammal see N mamal = a pair of joined twins mamnayu see N manayu = herd of wild horses mamiaad Vtr plo (for sgo see maiaad) [Neutr: def and hort mamiaad]:
to hobble obj ex: Nt o ho(< ha)mamiaad g nooiga. I'll hobble my horses. --Ha'i hamamiaad g 'eooiga. They hobbled some of their horses.

mams see Mod Expr hab/has ma:s = looking a certain way mams see Stat Expr hab/has ma:s = to look a certain way mams s- Stat pls= to have good vision, to have good eyes
ex: B(< vab) kia smams g vu:puij. His eyes are still good.

mamssana see N mas:na= five gallon glass container of whiskey mamsi Vintr pls (for sgs see ma:si) [Neutr: def mamsi. Correl: mamsi-k; immed:
mamsi-ka-'i. Interr: mamsi-him]= to be born, to hatch, to be hatched ex: Mamsi 'itk(< 'atk) g cucul. The chicks have hatched (evidential). -- 'ea 'al mamsi hega'i 'u'uvhig. meanwhile a number of birds had hatched (hearsay). --mat heba'i g 'u'uvhig vo mamsik. after the birds have hatched.

mamsi Vintr pls (for sgs see ma:si)= to become visible, to appear, to show
'e-vepo mamsi VExpr reflex pls: to become alike, to get to look like each other ex: 'E-'o-'o(<'e)vepo mamsihim. They are getting to look alike.

mamsid Vtr plo (for sgo see ma:sid) [Neutr: def and indef mamsid. Dur: mamsida-d.
Interr: mamsida-him]: to hatch obj ex: Cucul 'atk hamamsid g 'enonha. The chicken has hatched its eggs. -- 'U'uvhig hamamsid g 'enonha. Birds hatch their eggs. -- Hamamsidahim 'o g 'enonha. It has been hatching its eggs (for some time).

mamsid Vtr plo (for sgo see ma:sid) [Neutr: def and hort mamsid]: to dye obj a
certain color ex: Smumhaagim 'ant o ho(<ha)mamsid. I'll dye them brown. - Nt o scuckam hamamsid. I'll dye them black.-- nat pi 'ab si 'i hamamsid g 'o'ohogaj. because he had died a certain color the designs of his outfit (his designs).

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mamsid/ manjug mamsid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ma:sid) [Neutr: def 'e-mamsid. Interr: 'e-mamsidahim]: to appear, to become visible, to make oneself visible ex: 'Ab 'i 'i(<'e)mamsid. They appeared up there.

mamsit see N masit = sabre mamskal see Adj maskal = silk mamskal see N maskal = silk kerchief mam N aggreg: tick mam s- Stat: to have lots of ticks
ex: Smam 'o g gogs. The dog is full of ticks.

mamad see N maad = month mamcamdam see N ha-macamdam = a teacher mamo see N subst ma:o = a horse that is broken in mamtai see N matai = ashes Mamtai 'l'avisk subst NExpr: a place name (Where ashes have been emptied here
and there)

mamtk see N matk = palm of the hand mamtog Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-matog) [Neutr: indef 'e-mamtog]: to get loose
from something (as thread from a spool) repeatedly ex:'A cum mamtog. I tried in vain to get loose (from his grasp).

mamvid see N mavid = mountain lion mamvidag see Stat s-maipadag = to be full of mountain lions manayu (Span: manada) N alien aggreg [distr: mamnayu]: a herd of wild horses
ex: masma vo:p mat heba'i g manayu vo 'etodsidk. they ran like a herd of wild horses that have been scared.

manjug (Span: manteca) N alien mass: lard, grease

ex: Ba:bas 'am manjugc'e 'o hido. Potatoes are cooked in lard. --Ba:bas maptk 'am manjugc'e hido a 'i s'i'ov. Your fried potatoes are real good.

manjug vu Stat Expr: to be lard, grease

ex: D(<vu) 'o ob(<vab) 'i manjug g nno:nhai. My hands are full of grease.

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mans:na/ masma mans:na (Span: manzana; dial: mals:na, mas:na) N alien aggreg: apple
ex: mo vu ha'icu 'i:bdag. (an apple) is a fruit. --M g hu da'icud hega'i mans:na! Throw away that apple! --M g hu e:ncud hegam mans:na! Throw away those apples (together)!--M g hu 'iava g mans:na, jeva 'atk. Throw away the apples (in a pile or in a container), they are rotten. --Hehe'ekia 'amt 'i 'u:'uk g mans:na? How many apples did each one of you pick?

maiaad (Span: maniare) Vtr sgo (for plo see mamiaad) [Neutr: def and hort
maiaad]: to hobble obj ex: Nt o maiaad g noiga. I'll hobble my horse.

maiaadaku N: instrument with which to tie the limbs of an animal or a person

together (such as a pair of handcuffs; also called makoag)

maiaag N: a hobble (same as maiaaku) maiaag Stat: to have a hobble maiaagt Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort maiaagt]: to make a hobble out of obj maiaaku N: a hobble (same as maiaag) maiapi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def maiapi'o; hort maiapi'ok]: to unhobble obj mas:na (Span: mansana) N alien indiv [pl: mamssana]: five gallon glass container of
whiskey

masit (Span: masita) N inalien indiv [pl: mamsit]: sabre maskal Adj sg [pl: mamskal]: silk
ex: maskal monjul= a silk scarf -- maskal 'ipu= a silk dress -- mamskal 'i'ipu= silk dresses

maskal N inalien indiv [pl: mamskal]: silk kerchief maskalim N subst sg: one with a silk kerchief around his neck (like a cowboy) masma hab/has Adv Expr: with hab: in a certain (specified) way, thus, how; with has:
in a certain (unspecified or strange) way, somehow ex: ...g hu 'i dahaivak 'am hab ha'a:gid hab masma. after they had sat down he tells them the story (how). -- ...mo hob(<hab) masma 'an 'o'ohonc'e. the way in which it is

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masma
written in the book. --Mac hab masma 'am s'amcud. This is how we recognize him. -B(<hab) 'o 'e'a'aga hab masma. This is how it is called. --B(<hab) 'a masma 'am nna:tokc 'a:i'i. This is what I prepared myself for. --B(<hab) 'atp hi a(<va) voho cum cu'ig hab masma mapp 'a:pi'i 'enakogk ha'ui.... Although it seems to be a fact (speaker does not want to be more specific) that you were able to get them --B(<hab) 'o masma him mo g haiva. He walks like a cow. -- B(<hab) g masma him mo g haiva! Walk like a cow! -- Sviakam cui hab masma mo g cu'i. He ground it as finely as flour. -- ...k 'am hab 'i haje:gidahim hab masma mo hob(<hab) hi a(<va) kaij g tSi'iheg. ...and he reported to them (at a meeting) what our Elder Brother had said (speaker does not want to be more specific). --a:p masma hab vua? How do you do it? -- a:p masma huhhag g pilka? How do you haul wheat? --a:pt masma hab o cei 'O'odhamaj. How do you say (it) in 'O'odham? -- a:pt masma 'i a(< va) jiva 'ea 'o pi hekid 'i a hu hema jijivha g 'o'odham? How did you (manage to) get here when nobody ever comes here? -- Nap sma:c mapt has masma o melc g ma:gina? Do you know how to drive a car? --M(<'am) 'ant o mce:g mapt has masma hab o ju:. I'll show you how to do it. --Kutp 'am hig a(<va) has masma cu'ig 'atp g hu si daha. It would somehow seem that he is sitting deep down (in the water). -- ...c 'am hu heba'i mat 'im haha has masma 'im 'ep e'iopa. ...and sometime later, they managed somehow to escape again. -- 'ea 'am a(<va) has masma 'am 'apec mat 'amje 'am o mehi. meanwhile they had fixed a way to set fire to it. hab a(< va) masma Adv Expr: in the same way ex: c hab a masma hab 'ep haju: 'idam ge'ege 'a'al. and she treated the older children in the same way. --B(<hab) 'at a masma vo ge'eda mo hega'i mo 'am u ge'ecu. He will get to be as big as the one that is the eldest.--Ku hab a masma a 'i s'e:bid. I too like you am very afraid of her. --ia k 'amje hab a masma 'am 'i 'ep himhi cuhugamk 'ea. Well, and thereafter in the same way (as before) he wandered again in the darkness. hab/has 'i masma Adv Expr: with hab: the best way, the only way; with has: in the best way one can ex: c hekaj hab a(< va) 'i masma mapt o hi:. and therefore the best is for you to leave. -- b(<hab) a 'i masma mapt 'am o a(<va) ce:. the best is for you to leave it there. --B(<hab) 'ant a 'i masma hab o cei. That's all (the only way) I'll say. -- matp 'am hab haha ju: hega'i matp has 'i masma s'ema:c. then she did it as well as she could (knew how). --'an si vu: matp has 'i masma s'ema:c. he tied it as firmly as he could (knew how). -- Gami 'atp hu haje:ig g Ban matp has 'i masma s'e'amcud. Coyote addressed them at a meeting in his best manner (the best he knew how). -- k ababa hab masma o cikpanac ma has 'i masma hekaj hega'i nongivul!. but use it as well as I use my kickball! -- Nt o 'om(<'em)'a:g matt has 'i masma hab o tjuk o mua. I'll tell you(pl) what is the best way for us to kill her. na:nko masma Adv Expr: in various ways, in all kinds of ways ex: 'am hab hi a(<va) cum na:nko masma 'am 'i 'a'aga mat has masma hab o juk o mua. although they discuss various ways (speaker does not want to be more specific) in which they could kill her. --Si na:nko masma 'ab 'o'oho 'ab vuhio hega'i 'uv. He painted all kinds of designs on the face of that girl. -- Si na:nko masma 'ab 'i himhi. He went through all kinds of things (in the course of his life).

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masma/ maad
pi has masma Adv Expr: it's impossible to, there is no way to ex: T pi has masma 'an hu o ha'ui. It's impossible to get them up there.--Pi 'int(<'ant) has masma gm hu hub(<hab) o 'i ju:. It's impossible for me to move it over there. -Pi has masma gm hu hab o 'i 'ece:. It's impossible to move it out of the way. s-'ap masma Adv Expr: handsomely, in a good way ex: c hekaj s'ap masma 'am 'oiyopo g'ea e'i. and therefore they walk around at the dance, looking good vepo masma Adv Expr: in the same way as ex: Tvepo masma hab 'evua. They behave the same as we do.

masma hab/has Stat Expr [Neutr: indef hab/has masma; def hab/has masma=k. Dur:
hab/has masma= ka-d. Interr: hab/has masma=ka-him]: with hab: to be a certain (specified) way; with has: to be a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: a:p a 'i masma? / P has a 'i masma? How have you been so far? --a: 'o masma? How is it/he? --Hab masma. That's how he/it is. --M(<'am) 'o 'id hab masma. That's the way he/it is. --M 'o 'id hab a(<va) 'i masma. That's how he/it has been so far.-- mo hob(<hab) masma g hahimdag. ... the way their custom is. --Kut ababa hab o masmakad matt 'id 'an o hadad 'i:da'a. But the way it will be is that we will set these on (something). -- Hab ha'ap 'o masmakahim. That's what he/it was like. vepo masma Stat Expr: to be like obj ex: vepo 'o masma. He is like me. --Vepo masma mo g ha'icu kai. It is like a seed.

masmakaj hab Adv Expr: by a certain (specified) means, for a certain (specified)
reason, because ex: Hab masmakaj jiva mant 'am has o 'i cum jujjuhi hega'i. The reason why I came is because I want to try to do something about him.- - Hab masmakaj 'i a(<va) jiva mant 'i hab o a(<va) smai 'i:ya'a. I came here in order to find out about it. hab a(<va) 'i masmakaj Adv Expr: the only way/ means to; the best way/ means to ex: Hab a 'i masmakaj matp 'am hu ab o da: g 'u'uvhig k gn hu haha vo jiva. The only way is for a bird to get up there by flying.

maad N: moon
ex:mo cuhugc'e 'an 'i vuke mo hekaj stonli. (the moon is) that which comes out at night, that whereby there is light. daha g maad: the moon is full (is sitting). hemu maad: the new moon (same as vecij maad) hu:m g maad: to be the end of the month ex: Hu: g maad. It's the end of the month (the moon got empty). mu:k- g maad: to be the end of the month; to occur (for a moon eclipse) ex: Mu: g maad. It's the end of the month (the moon has died). --T mu: g maad. There was an eclipse of the moon (the moon is said to have died). si'a-/ sisia g maad: to be the beginning of the month ex: Si'a 'atk g maad. It's the beginning of the month (the moon rose in the morning).

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maad/ macam
siko maad: full moon vo'iva/ vo'o g maad: the moon is in its first quarter ex: Koi 'at 'am hu vo'iva g maad. The moon is not yet in its first quarter (the crescent moon did not lie down there yet). -- Vo'iva 'atk g maad. The moon is in its first quarter (the crescent moon has laid down). -- Vo'o g maad. The moon is in its first quarter (the crescent moon is lying down). -'e'ea hu:m g maad: to be the middle of the month ex: 'E'ea hu: g maad. It's the middle of the month (the moon is half emptied).

maad N indiv [pl: mamad]: month

ce:dag maad NExpr: March or April (green month) ha:a-bahidag maad NExpr [ha:a-bahidag maad 'e] : July (month of the saguaro crop) jukiabig mamad NExpr: rainy season, from July to September (months of the rainy season) ko'ok maad NExpr: maybe one of the winter months (painful month) pipiast maad NExpr [loc: pipiast maad 'e]: October (month of the feasts) sto maad NExpr: June (hot month) to:nto maad NExpr: February (crazy month) opol 'esiabig maad NExpr: August (month of the short planting season, because things have to be planted before August 15) 'uam maad NExpr: November (yellow month, when everything is dry from frost)

maadga Stat sgs: to have one's menstruation maad-huhugig NComp/ NExpr [loc: maad-huhug-c-'e/maad huhugig 'e]: last
quarter of the moon (same as maad mu:kig)

maad-mu:kig NComp [loc: maad-mu:kig-c-'e]: last quarter of the moon (same as

maad-huhugig)

maca see Vtr macam = to teach obj something or how to do something macam Vtr [Neutr: def maca; hort macam. Dur: macama-d]: to teach obj something
or how to do something ex: Pt o maca! Teach me (how)! -- Nt o a(<va) mmaca mapt has masma vo huatad. I'll teach you(sg) how to make a basket. --Macama! (You sg) teach him (how)! -Macamo! (You pl) teach him (how)! -- Pt o macamad! You will be my teacher

macam Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-maca]: to teach each other

ex: Tt o tmaca g e'ei. We'll teach each other songs.

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macamaku/ mavag macamaku N inalien [loc: macamaku-c-'e, macamaku-t-'am]: school

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) 'aliga 'am macamakuc'e. He is my pupil (my child in school).

macamame Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def macamam]: to go and teach obj
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)macamam. I'll go and teach (them/someone).

macamame Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-macamo) [Neutr: def 'e-macamam;
hort 'e-macamame]: to go to school ex: Gm 'at hu 'emacamam. He left for school. --Nt o macamam. I am on my way to school.

macamdam ha- N inalien indiv [sg( 1st pers sg -macamdam; 1st pers pl tmacamdam); pl: ha-mamcamdam]: a teacher (someone's teacher)

macamdam 'e- N aggreg: a pupil (one who is being taught)

ex: He'ekiaj 'i g 'emacamdam? How many pupils are there? --Santa Rosa 'am 'emacamdam hagev cum hekid. The Santa Rosa pupils win the game every time.

macamdam vu ha- Stat sgs: to be a teacher (their/someone's teacher)

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) hamacamdam. He is a teacher. --Heg 'o tmacamdam. He is our teacher.

macamdam vu 'e- Stat Expr: to be (a) pupil(s)

ex: D(<vu) 'o 'emacamdam. He is a pupil.

macamag N inalien: one's learning, learning process

ex: S'e-'o-ma:c 'am 'emacamag 'e. He is a smart learner (he is smart in his learning). -- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c 'am macamag 'ed. I am not a smart learner.

macamo/ macayo Vreflex pls (for sgs see macamame) [Neutr: def 'emacamo/ macayo]: to go to school ex: Gm 'at hu 'emacamo. They left for school. -- T o 'o(<'e)macamo. They are on their way to school.

macayo see Vtr macamo = to go and teach obj mavag s- Stat impers: there is bright moonlight
ex: Smavag 'o. There is bright moonlight.--T o smavagk. There will be bright moonlight.

25

mavagi/ matog mavagi Vintr impers [Neutr: def mavagi. Interr: mavagi-him]: to shine (moon)
ex: T o mavagi. The moon will shine. --Mavagihim 'o. The moon is shining (off and on). --T o mavagihid. The moon will be shining (off and on).

matai N alien mass [distr: mamtai]: ashes

ex: Nt o 'i vu:ad g matai. I'll take the ashes out. --Nt o ho(<ha) 'iava g mataiga. I'll empty some of my ashes.

matai-cekku NComp inalien indiv [pl: matai-ceckku]: ashtray matai-cemait NComp: large tortilla (made of thin dough without salt, baked by
heating a flat dish with ashes) ex: Nt o ha'i mma: g matai-cemait. I'll give you a few pieces of matai-cemait.

mataidag N in ha'icu mataidag NExpr: ashes of something

ki:-mataidag NComp indiv [pl: ki:k-mamtaidag]: house reduced to ashes

mataidaj N: ashes of something specified (such as ashes of a house that burnt down or
ashes of a cremated person; its/his ashes)

matai-kods-ta NComp [loc: matai-kods-ta-c-'e]: Ash Wednesday matai-sipulk NComp: a pile of ashes matai sipulkda NExpr inalien [1st pers sg matai -sipulkda]: ashes being made into a
pile.

matai-sipulkdaku NComp(?): dumping place for one's ashes (same as matai'iaviku)

matai-'iaviku NComp(?) inalien [1st pers sg: matai-'iaviku]: place where one
empties one's ashes regularly (same as matai-sipulkdaku)

matk N inalien indiv [pl: mamtk]: palm of the hand (not commonly used)
ex: matk 'e= in the palm of my hand

matog Vtr [Neutr: def mato]: to get obj loose from something or somebody that is
holding it ex: Vo mato g hevel g 'ecevagig. The wind will unleash (release) its clouds.

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matog/ maup matog Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-mamtog) [Neutr: def 'e-mato. Interr: 'ematog[i]-him]: to get loose from something or someone holding subject in place (as of thread from a spool, material getting frayed, knitting getting unraveled) ex: 'Emato g hi:lo. The thread got loose (from the spool). --'Emato g 'ikus. The material got frayed.

matogig N in ha'icu matogig NExpr: something that has gotten loose from what is
holding it hi:lo-matogig NComp(?): unraveled thread 'ikus-matogig NComp(?): frayed cloth

maup (assim of *mavp) Vintr Repet (for Unit see mau) sgs [Neutr: indef maup]: to
put one's hand (somewhere) repeatedly ex: Gi'ikho cum maup 'am voag 'e. Four times he tried to put his hand in my pocket.

mausigid (assim of *mavsigud) Vtr [Neutr: def mausig; hort and indef mausigid.
Correl: mausigid-k; immed: mausigid-ka-'i]: to grope for obj ex: Pt o mausigidk o ta:tk! Grope for it until you feel it!

mausihim see Vintr mau = to put one's hand somewhere mau see Vtr maup = to lock one's fingers with obj mau see Vreflex 'e-maup = to lock one's own fingers together mau (assim of *mav) Vintr sgs [Neutr: def and hort mau. Interr: maus[i]-him]: to put
one's hand somewhere (see also maup) ex: voag 'e mau 'at. He put his hand in my pocket. --Pi g 'am hu mau! Don't put your hand in there! -- voag 'e maushim 'a. I am groping in my pocket.-- Pi g 'am hu maushid 'evoag 'e! Don't be groping in your pocket!

mauc (assim of *mavc) semi Stat intr sgs and sing: to have one's hand somewhere
ex: Mauc 'am 'evoag 'e. He has his hand in his pocket.

mauc (assim of *mavc) semi Stat tr sgo [Neutr: indef mauc. Dur: mauci-d]: to have
one's fingers locked to those of obj ex: Pt o maucid! Hold him by the hand with your fingers locked to his!

mauc (assim of *mavc) semi Stat reflex sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-mauc. Dur: 'e-mauci-d]:
to have one's own fingers locked together

maup (assim of *mavp) Vtr Unit sgo [Neutr: def mau; hort maup[]; imper sgs
maupa-/maupi-]: to lock one's fingers with those of obj ex: Pt o mau hega'i! Lock your fingers with his!

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maup/ ma'ihin maup (assim of *mavp) Vreflex Unit sgs [Neutr: def 'e-mau; hort 'emaup[]]: to lock
one's own fingers together ex: 'E-g-maup! Lock your fingers together!

mava Vintr Unit (for Repet see mavup) sgs and sing (for pls and mult see ma:mva)
[Neutr: def and hort mava. Correl: mava-k; immed: mava-ka-'i. Interr: mavu-him]: to put, stick one's hand (somewhere) ex: 'am haha mava g'ea 'ehuaom. then he put his hand inside his pouch. -- Pi g 'am hu mava! Don't stick your hand in there! -- pi hei(< heai) 'ab hu o 'ab mava! ... let no one put his hand on it/him!

mavid N indiv [pl: maipid/ mamvid]: mountain lion, puma, cougar

ex: Smu'ij g maipid 'aba'i. Mountain lions are numerous up there.

mavidag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-maipidag): to be full of mountain lions
in one location

mavup (assim of *mavap) Vintr Repet (for Unit see mava) sgs and sing (for pls and mult see ma:mvup) [Neutr: indef mavup. Dur: mavupa-d]: to put, stick one's hand
somewhere repeatedly ex: Pi 'ib(< 'ab) hu ha'icuk'ab mavup. She does not raise a finger (she never puts her hand on anything).

may:da (Span: mayate) N aggreg: junebug (also called taivig or vainom-kolaa) ma'i N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ma'i-j); pl: ma'mai]: older sister's child (the
reciprocal terms are tatal and jisk)

ma'i vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu ma'mai]: to be somebody's one's older sister's child
ex: na pi u ma'maij hegam. because they were his nephews (hearsay).

ma'ickva Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ma'ickva]: to knock obj down by throwing
something at it ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) ma'ickva. I missed it (I didn't knock it down).

ma'ihi see Vtr ma'ihin = to hit obj by throwing something at it ma'ihi see Vreflex 'e-ma'ihin = to hit against something when being thrown ma'ihin Vtr [Neutr: def ma'ihi; hort ma'ihin]: to hit obj once (by throwing smth at it)
ex: Ma'ihi 'ant. I hit it. -- Cum 'alo 'opt(<'apt) ma'ihi. You almost hit him. --B(< 'ab) 'ant o si mma'ihi hodaikaj. I'll hit you hard (with a stone).

28

ma'ihin/ ma'ip ma'ihin Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ma'ihi]: to hit, bump once against something (when
being thrown) ex: B(< 'ab) 'at o 'o(<'e)ma'ihi. It will bump against (it). --t o 'ob(<'ab) hema 'ema'ihi. one (of the gins tubes) might bump against (it). -- mat 'ab hu o hema 'ema'ihi g'aba'i hega'i mant 'am o e:nc.one (of the gins tubes) which I will throw will bump against it.

ma'ihi Vtr [Neutr: indef ma'ihi. Dur: ma'ihia-d]: to hit obj reiteratedly (by throwing
something at it)

ma'ik[h]on Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ma'ikho]: to bounce once (when being thrown)
ex: 'Ema'ikho g bo:l. The ball bounced (once).

ma'ikka Vtr [Neutr: def ma'ikka; hort and indef ma'ikka. Dur: ma'ikkaa-d]: to throw
rocks at obj, to stone obj ex: T o ma'ikka. I hear that they are going to stone him/her. --Pi g 'ab hu ma'ikka. Do not throw rocks at him! --Ma'ikkaa! Throw rocks at it (a cow, to make it go away)! -hohodai 'ab ulig 'ab 'ab ma'ikkac. They continually throw rocks at him, stoning him continually.

ma'ikko Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'ema'ikko. Dur: 'e-ma'ikkoa-d. Interr: 'e-ma'ikkoahim]: to bounce several times (when being thrown) ex: 'i a(<va) 'i eidok 'am 'agp ab 'ema'ikkoahimk g hu jiva. It is said that after he (Corn) saw it, he just bounced down hill and got there.

ma'i see Vtr ma'ip = to cover obj ma'i see Vreflex 'e-ma'ip = to cover oneself with a single cover ma'ic semi Stat tr sing [Neutr: indef ma'ic. Dur: ma'ici-d]: to have a cover on obj
ex: Pt o ma'icid g va'ig! Keep the water container covered!

ma'ic semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-ma'maic) [Neutr: indef 'e-ma'ic. Dur:
'e-ma'icid]: to use (something) as a cover for oneself ex: Pilsakaj 'ema'ic. He uses a blanket to cover himself.

ma'ip Vtr Unit (for Repet see ma'iap) sgo (for plo see ma'maip) [Neutr: def
ma'i; hort ma'ip[]]: to cover obj ex: M g ma'ip g 'ehido! Put the lid on your cooking pot! --N g ma'ip g 'eki:! Put a a roof (cover) on your house!

ma'ip Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-ma'maip) [Neutr: def 'e-ma'i; hort 'e-ma'ip[]]:
to cover oneself (with a single cover)

29

ma'ipa/ ma'main ma'ipa N inalien sing: single act of covering one thing
ex: T nato g 'ema'ipa. They were through covering it (the pit for baking the cholla).

ma'ipaad Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort ma'ipaad]: to put a permanent cover on obj
ex: Nt o ma'ipaad g ki:. I'll put a roof on the house.

ma'ipaag in ha'icu ma'ipaag NExpr: cover on something

hidoaku-ma'ipaag NComp: cooking pot lid ki:-ma'i-paag NComp: roof vo'iku-ma'ipaag NComp: bed spread

ma'ipapi'ok Vtr sing [Neutr: def ma'ipapi'o; hort ma'ipapi'ok]: to remove its
permanent cover from obj

ma'ipid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def ma'ip; hort ma'ipid]: to cover obj for somebody
ex: Nant 'an o mma'ip g hido? Shall I put the lid on the cooking pot for you? --N(< 'an) g ma'ipid g hido! Put the lid on the cooking pot for me!

ma'ipi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ma'ipi'o; hort ma'ipi'ok]: to take cover off obj ma'ipi'okid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def ma'ipi'ok; hort ma'ipi'okid]: to uncover, take
cover off obj for somebody

ma'ip[] Stat sgs [pls: ma'maip[]]: to be covered

ex: No 'om(<'am) a ma'ip g hidoaku? Is the lid on the pot (has the pot been covered all along)?

Ma'ip[] Vavhai NExpr[loc: Ma'ip Vavhai 'ab]: name of a village, Covered Wells
(also called Jevak)

ma'iap Vtr Repet (for Unit see ma'ip) sgo [Neutr: indef ma'iap. Dur: ma'iapad]: to cover obj repeatedly ex: Nap ma'iap? Do you always cover it?

ma'mai see N ma'i = older sister's child ma'maim 'e- N: a pair consisting of either a tatal (mother's younger brother) or a jisk`
(mother's younger sister) and their ma'i (older sister's child)

ma'main see N main = sleeping mat

30

ma'maic/ ma:c ma'maic semi Stat reflex (mult (for sing see 'e-ma'ic): to use something as a cover
for oneself ex: Pipilsakaj 'ema'maic. Each one of them uses a blanket to cover himself.

ma'maip Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see ma'ip) [Neutr: def ma'mai; hort ma'maip[]]: to
cover obj

ma'maip Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-ma'ip) [Neutr: def 'e-ma'mai; hort 'ema'maip[]]: to cover oneselves (with several covers) ex: Ge 'ema'mai 'am 'i sje:jenamk. Each one of them covered himself (unexpectedly) when they wanted to smoke.

ma'maisp[] see Stat ma'ip[] = to be covered ma:-

ma: see Vdtr ma:k- = to give obj to somebody ma: see Vreflex tr 'e-ma:k- = to give obj to each other ma:c Vtr [Neutr: def mai; hort ma:c; sgs ma:ci-. Correl: ma:c[]-k; immed: ma:c[]-ka'i. Compl: ma:c-ok; immed: ma:c-oka-'i]: to learn something, to find out about somebody ex: Nt o mai. I'll learn it. -- Nt o ho(<ha)mai. I'll learn them. -- T hea'i mu'i vo ho(<ha)mai 'idam e'ei, vo skeg e'ic g 'e'e'es. He who will learn many of my songs, will successfully sing for his crops. --Mai 'ant hega'i e'i. I know (learned) that song. -- ia c 'am 'i ma:ck g hu hi: 'u:pam. Well, and having found out about him, he went back home. -- Nat voho pi ha'icu o ma:cok hab o tjuk 'im hu o hihi. Maybe we'll learn something and after that we'll go there.

ma:c Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-mai]: to learn (something involving oneself)

ex: Nt o a(<va) mai mant has masma hab o nju:. I'll learn how to do it. -- k ababa vo 'o(<'e)mai 'am 'i hihimk.but they will learn (their way) by going there.

ma:c s-Vtr [Neutr: def s-mai. Correl: s-ma:c[]-k; immed: s-ma:c[]-ka-'i. Compl: sma:c-ok; immed: s-ma:c-oka-'i]: to find out about obj ex: Tp ababa 'am a(<va) shamai hega'i 'oks. However, she had already found out about them, that woman. -- Tp 'ea 'am a(<va) shamai g uv. Meanwhile, Buzzard had already found out about them. -- Nt o shamai 'ab m'amje hegam. I'll find out about them from you. -- Kutp 'am 'i shamai mat si ko:k. She found out that they were fast asleep. -- Kumt o smai mantk va mua. You(pl) will find out that I have killed him. --M 'ant o smai mas

31

ma:c
has 'e'a'aga 'i:da'a. I want to find out what this is called. -- ia kutt heg 'am sma:ck hekaj heg 'i vo 'em'a:g. Well, that is what we have found out in order to tell you(pl). -- 'Att o sma:cok haha vo hihi. We'll find out about it and then we'll go.

ma:c s-Vreflex [Neutr: def s-'e-mai. Correl: s-'e-ma:c[]-k; immed: s-'e-ma:c[]-ka-'i]: to

find out something involving oneself ex: Nt o a(<va) smai mant has masma 'am o jiva. I'll find out how to get there. -- Kut 'im hi a(<va) hihi pi 'i(<'e)ma:ck hegam. They left without knowing (having found out) their way. -- Pi 'imt(<'amt) voho heba'i s'ema:ck o hihi. You(pl) will go without having found out your way. --g hevel si s'ema:ck 'i me:. the wind knowing its way blew. -- c 'ea hab cu'ig maptp pi voho heba'i has s'ema:ck o jiva 'aba'i. and it seems that you don't really know how to get up there.

ma:c s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-ma:c; def s-ma:c=k. Dur: s-ma:c=ka-d. Interr: s-ma:c=kahim]: to know, recognize obj ex: Mac ha'icu neidc g sma:c mo hascu u(<vu). As we see something we know what it is. --Ptp hu 'i sma:c? Do you(sg) know him by any chance? -- Nap sma:c hega'i? Do you(sg) know him? --Nam sma:c hega'i? Do you(pl) know him? -- Sma:c 'a hega'i. I know him. --Sha-'a-ma:c hegam. I know them. --Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c. I don't know about him/it. -- Pi 'i(<'a) hama:c. I don't know them. --Hek 'a hu sma:c. I knew it beforehand (that it would happen). -- ia pt 'am ab o sma:ck. Well, you'll recognize me. --Hema 'at 'am o 'a: mat o si sma:ck. Someone will tell it (the story) who really knows it --Kut o a(<va) sma:ckad g hemajkam. The people will be recognizing me. -Kut g hemajkam 'am o eidk o sma:ckad. The people will see me and recognize me. -Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i hama:c mas koko. I don't know whether they are sick. -- Pi 'o a 'i ma:c mans mumku. He does not know whether I am sick. -- Hek hu sma:c ma has kaij. He already knows what I am saying. -- Ku 'i'aji hu 'am a(<va) shama:c mo has 'i kaij. From here I have known all along what they say. -- Kutp hi a(<va) pi hama:c hega'i viapo'ogel mas hascu 'a:gc 'am 'ehehemapad 'ama'i hegam 'o'odham. He did not quite know, that boy, why the men kept gathering there. -- vo sma:ckad ma u 'a:i'i. you will know that it's me. -- Cum 'a sma:ckahim. I used to know him/it.

ma:c s- Stat reflex: to be knowledgeable

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i ma:c. I don't know anything. ... matp 'am hab haha ju: hega'i matp has 'i masma s'ema:c. ... then she did it as well as she knew how. -- 'An si vu: matp has 'i masma s'ema:c. He tied it as firmly as he could (knew how). -- Nap 'am a(<va) s'ema:c mapt has masma 'am o jiva 'ama'i? Do you(sg) know how to get there? -- Nam 'am a(<va) s'ema:c mamt has masma 'am o dada? Do you(pl) know how to get there? -- M(<'am) a(<va) s'ema:c mat has o 'o(<'e)ju:. He knows what to do. -- c ab 'am 'i pi 'i(<'e)ma:c mas has o 'o(<'e)ju:, hebi(<heba'i) o himk o jiva 'ama'i. and he does not know what to do, which way to go in order to get there. --'A:cim pi tma:c mats has masma 'am o 'i hihimhimk o 'ai g tki:. We do not know how we will manage to reach our house on foot. - M 'at hekid g hemajkam o si naumk pi 'i(<'e)ma:c mo has 'i 'i(<'e)vua. When a person is drunk, he does not know what he is doing.

32

ma:c/ ma:cimk ma:c s- Stat reflex sgs [pls: s-'e-mamc]: to be smart, expert (same as s-cu-'am[]cud)
ex: S'e-'o-ma:c. He is smart. -- S'e-'ep(<'ap)-ma:c. You(sg) are smart. --S'e-'o-ma:c ha'icu cikpant'ab. He is an expert worker --S'e-'o-ma:c 'am 'emacamdag 'e. He is a smart learner (in his learning process). --S'e-'o-ma:c 'ab da:gt'ab. He is an expert wrestler. -'I:da'a 'o'odham s'ema:c 'ab da:gt'ab. This fellow is expert at wrestling. -- a 'i s'ema:c g ma:kai. The medicine man is smart. --a 'i s'emamc g mamakai. Medicine men are smart.

ma:c s-cu- Stat Expr sgs [pls: s-cu-mamc]: to be learned/ knowledgeable

ex: Heg 'o scuma:c/ ha'icu sma:c. He is learned.

ma:cig N inalien [1st pers sg: -ma:cig; 3rd pers sg: ma:ciga-j]: acquaintance, someone
one knows

ma:cig vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's acquaintance, someone one knows

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ma:cig. I know him (he is my acquaintance).

ma:cig N in ha'icu ma:cig NExpr inalien [3rd pers sg ha'icu ma:ciga-j]: knowledge,
power

ma:cim s-'e- N subst sg [pl: s-'e-mamcim]: one with knowledge, expert

ex: ..ha'akia 'i hemajkam s'emamcim 'i hab cum 'evua. ..lots of expert players (people) try in vain (to beat me at that game).-- ..no pi u si s'ema:cim ma:kai g 'I'itoi. ..because he is a very smart medicine man, 'I'itoi.

ma:cim vu s-'e Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-'e-mamcim]: to be an expert

ex:... natp pi hab u a(<va) 'ep si s'ema:cim hega'i viappoi. ... because he might also be extremely knowledgeable, that boy. -- D(<vu) 'apt o si s'ema:cimk. You will be extremely knowledgeable.

ma:cim s-cu- NExpr subst sg [pl: s-cu-mamcim]: learned, knowledgeable one

ex: Vu si ha'icu sma:cim/ scuma:cim ma:kai hega'i. He is a very learned medicine man.

ma:cim vu s-cu- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-cu-mamcim]: to be learned, knowledgeable ma:cim s- V subst tr: to wish to learn, find out, about obj
ex: Cum 'a sma:cim hega'i e'i. I'd like to learn that song. -- Cum 'a sma:cim hega'i mnavoj. I'd like to know your friend. --Nap sma:cim? Do you wish to learn it? -- T o sma:cim. He'll wish to learn it. -- a:cu 'upt(<'apt) sma:cimk 'am hi:? What did you wish to learn by going there?

ma:cimk s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-ma:cimk]: to want to learn, find out about obj
ex: Nap sma:cimk 'i:da'a e'i? Do you want to learn this song?

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ma:culid/ ma:hagamma:culid Vdtr [Neutr: def ma:cul; hort ma:culid; imper sgs ma:culida-]: to let
somebody know about obj ex: Nt o a(<va) mma:cul. I'll let you(sg) know about it.

ma:d Part: one (used only when counting) ma:gina (Span: maquina) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ma:gina-j; loc: ma:gina-t-'ab,
ma:gina-c'e; instr: ma:gina-kaj); pl: mamagina; distr: mammagina]: car, machine ex: Mo 'ob(<'ab) 'ab 'ehuhhag g hemajkam. (a car is) that in which people are hauled. -- Smu'ij g mamagina 'ama'i. There are numerous cars down there. -- Nam ha'u''a g 'emamagina/ 'emammagina? Does each one of you have his car? --Nt ab g ma:ginakaj o o:o. I'll just sew the seams (of it) by machine.-- B(<'ab) g 'i ge: ma:ginakaj 'ab vaika gahi! Cross (coming this way) the ditch with the car --Ma:ginat'ab 'emua. He got killed in an automobile accident (in a car). cikpanaku-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv [pl: cikpanaku-mamagina]: work car iokdam-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv: radio set pasamaku-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: pasamaku-ma:gina-j; loc: pasamaku-ma:gina-c-'e; instr: pasamaku-ma:gina-kaj); pl: pasamakumamagina]: passenger car o:omdam-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv: sewing machine (same as o:omaku)

ma:ginakam N subst sing and sg: car owner (one with a car) ma:gina-kanjul NComp(?) indiv [pl: ma:gina-kakanjul]: car light ma:gina-la:mba NComp(?) indiv [ pl: ma:gina-lalamba ]: car light (same as ma:ginakanjul)

ma:gina-u:k NComp inalien aggreg: a set of tires (for one car)

ex: Pi g 'ab hu cu'akan g ma:gina-u:k! Don't puncture my tire(s)!

ma:hag N inalien: hand (including palm and fingers)

ta-ma:hag NComp aggreg: blue lupine (the leaves look like hands extended toward the sun)

ma:hagam N alien aggreg: fan palm tree (also called ma:hagam-'u:s) ma:hagamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of fan palm trees in one location ma:hagam-'u:s NComp alien indiv [sg (loc: ma:hagam-'u:s-t-'ab); pl: ma:hagam'u'us]: fan palm tree (also called ma:hagam) ex: Hegam ma:hagam-'u'us pi 'i hu vuhak 'i:ya'a. Fan palm trees do not grow here.

34

ma:k/ ma:kai ma:k Vdtr Unit (for Repet see mamka) [Neutr: def ma:; indef ma:k; imper sgs ma:ka/ ma:ki-; pls ma:k-o; hort ma:k. Dur: ma:ka-d. Interr: ma:k[i]-him. Compl: ma:ki-ok; immed ma:ki-oka-'i]: to give obj to somebody ex: Mat ha'icu 'ab o tma:, mac hab 'a'aga "ma:". When one gave us something that is what we mean by "he gave it to him". --Nt o 'ea hiktpank o ho(<ha)ma: hegam. I'll cut it (one cake) in half and will give them the other half. --Ha'i vo 'i ma:! Give me a few! --Vo tma: hegam! Give them to us! --Nt o go:k mma: g 'o'ohon. I'll give you(sg) two books. -- Nt o ha'i hama: g 'o'ohon. I'll give them a few books. --cum 'as he'ekia snamkig ha'icu vo 'emma: k o sha'u'im hegam 'emooiga. no matter the value of what they give you(pl) in exchange for (wishing to get) your pets. --'Am o ho(<ha)ma: g 'eje'e, t 'am o 'emhidol. Give them to your mother, she will cook them for you(pl). -- Pt o ma:, nt o mhidol. Give it to me, I'll cook it for you(sg)! -- 'I ma:k! Give it to me! --Pi g 'ab hu 'i ma:k! Don't give it to me! -- Pi g 'ab hu 'i tma:k! Don't give it to us! --Pi g 'am hama:k! Don't give it to them! --Nt o 'i hama:khi g lu:lsi. I'll distribute candy to them (give with interruptions). -- Nt o 'ip 'am ma:kiok. Let me give it to him first (and then I'll do whatever you want me to do). -- 'A 'emma:k g tonlig. I give you(pl) light (says the sun).

ma:k Vreflex tr Unit (for Repet see 'e-mamka) [Neutr: def 'e-ma:; indef 'e-ma:k.
Interr: 'e-ma:k[i]-him]: to share obj among each other, to give each other a piece of obj ex: Tt o hiktp 'i:da'a k o tma:. We'll cut this (a cake) and share it (give a piece of it to each of us). -- 'an o 'ema:khimk 'ab o himk himk 'ab o 'a'ahe. as they pass it (the cigarette) around among themselves, it will come closer and closer to her and finally will reach her. -- 'an haha 'al 'i 'ema:khi. then they started distributing it (the meat) among themselves. -- c 'an 'ema:k hega'i cu:kug. and they share that meat among themselves. --'in ab a (<va) 'ema:kc pi 'ib(<'ab) hu 'o a 'i hahuavag. they just share pieces of it (the meat) among themselves without paying any attention to them.

ma:k Vreflex tr [Neutr: def 'e-ma:]: to be given obj

ex: Kut g 'ali o 'o(<'e)ma: g ce:gig. The child will be given a name.

ma:kai N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers pl: ha-ma:kai=ga); pl: mamakai]: medicine man
jevu-ma:kai NComp indiv: land surveyor (land doctor) Siva-Ma:kai NComp(?): name of a mythological character ta:tam-ma:kai NComp indiv: dentist (tooth doctor) vu:pui-ma:kai NComp indiv: optometrist (eye doctor) 'uv-ma:kai NComp sg: medicine woman (lady doctor)

ma:kai vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu mamakai]: to be a medicine man

ex: K hascukaj u ma:kai? What is his specialty (what kind of doctor is he)? -- K has ma:s u ma:kai? What is he like as a doctor? --Begi k ababa 'ea hega'i 'o:gaj u si s'ema:cim ma:kai. But her father was a very smart medicine man.

35

ma:kaicud/ ma:m ma:kaicud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ma:kaic; hort 'e-ma:kaicud]: to become a
medicine man, a doctor

ma:kaiga Stat sing: to have a medicine man, a doctor ma:kais Stat tr sgs: to be given to obj
ex: Ta 'o tma:kais. The sun is given to us.

ma:kait Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort ma:kait]: to teach obj the secrets of curing ma:kiag N inalien[1st pers sg ma:kiag]: present to, for somebody
Jio-ma:kiag NComp: present to God Juan-ma:kiag NComp present to Juan

ma:kiag vu Stat Expr: to be a present to somebody

ex: D(<vu) 'o b(<vab) ma:kiag. It's just a present to me. Jio-ma:kiag vu Stat Expr: to be a gift to God ex: D(<vu) 'o Jio-ma:kiag. It's a gift to God. Juan-ma:kiag vu Stat Expr: to be a gift to Juan ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) Juan-ma:kiag. This is a present to Juan.

ma:kigag N inalien[1st perssg ma:kigag]: present from somebody

Jio-ma:kigag NComp: a gift from God

ma:kigag vu Stat Expr: to be a present from somebody

ex: D(<vu) 'o ma:kigag. It's a present from me. Jio-ma:kigag vu Stat Expr: to be a present from God ex: 'I:da'a na:nko ma:s 'i'idag 'o (<vu) Jio-ma:kigag. These various types of drink are a gift from God. Juan-ma:kigag vu Stat Expr: to be a present from Juan ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) Juan-ma:kigag. This is a present from Juan.

ma:kim s- V subst dtr: to wish to give obj to somebody

ex: matp hascu 'i cum shama:kim. they were willing to give them anything.

ma:ltis (Span: martes): Tuesday

ex: Vaik ta 'ab 'amje g Domig. (Tuesday is) the third day after Sunday.

ma:m N inalien [1st pers sg: ma:m]: father (term used by a child to address or refer to
his father and his father's older brother when the latter belong to the Ma:mgam sib of the Buzzard moiety)

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ma:ma/ ma:mag ma:ma see N ma = child (woman speaking) ma:ma see Stat ma = to have a child ma:ma see Stat Expr vu ma = to be somebody's child ma:ma
in ha:l-ma:ma NComp alien aggreg: zucchini squash ma:ma in

hu:-ma:ma NComp alien aggreg: ear of corn ma:m[a]am in 'eN: a couple consisting of a child and his/her mother

ma:m[a]am vu Stat Expr: to be the mother of several children (same as vu

ma:makam) ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ma:maam. She is the mother of several children.

ma:makam vu Stat Expr: to be the mother of several children (same as vu

ma:maam) ex: D(<vu) 'a ma:makam. I am the mother of several children.

ma:mapig Vtr mult (for sing see mapig) [Neutr: def ma:map; hort ma:mapig]:
to remove ears off the the corn stalk, squash or cantaloupe off the plant ex: Vo ma:map g hu:! Remove the ears off the corn (stalk)!

ma:mat Vintr mult (for sing see mat): to give birth to children, offsprings
ex: Pi ha ma:mat. She/they do not have any children. -- Gogs 'atk ma:mat. The dog had a litter of puppies.

ma:mat Vintr [Neutr: def ma:mat. Interr: ma:mata-him]: to get ears (corn), to get
fruit (squash and cantaloupe) ex: Pi ha ma:mat g hu:. The corn did not get any ears. --Tk o ma:mat g hu:. The corn is going to get ears. --Tk o ma:mat g ha:l. The squash is going to get fruit.

Ma:mgam N subst aggreg [distr: Mammagam]: one belonging to a sib of the Buzzard
moiety (affiliation to the group is carried through the males)

ma:m keli NExpr inalien: paternal uncle (father's older brother; the reciprocal terms are
'al-ge'el, 'alidag or 'ali)

ma:m N aggreg: castor beans (the plant and the fruit) ma:mag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of castor beans in one location

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ma:mva/ ma:s ma:mva Vintr Unit (for Repet see ma:mvup) pls and mult (for sgs and sing see mava) [Neutr: def and hort ma:mva]: to put, stick one's hand(s) somewhere
ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu ma:mva! Don't stick your(pl) hands in there!

ma:mvup Vintr Repet (for Unit see ma:mva) pls and mult (for sgs and sing see mavup) [Neutr: indef ma:mvup. Dur: ma:mvupa-d]: to put, stick one's hands
(somewhere) repeatedly

ma:m 'oks NExpr inalien: paternal aunt (father's older sister; the reciprocal terms are
'al-ge'el, ma or cu:cu)

ma:iko N subst sg [pl: mamaiko]: a lame one (either a person or a horse; also called
cu:lakim)

ma:ikog Stat sgs [pls: mamanikog]: to be lame, to be stiff jointed ma:ikot Vintr sgs [Neutr: def ma:ikot. Interr: ma:ikota-him]: to become lame, stiff
jointed ex: Ma:ikot 'ant. I have become lame. --Ma:ikotahim 'a. I am getting lame.

ma:s hab/has Mod Expr sg [pl: hab/has mams]: with hab: looking a certain (specified)
way, a certain (specified) kind of; with has: looking a certain (unspecified or strange) way, a certain (unspecified or strange) kind of ex:no pi s'e:bid g jiavul g hab ma:s ki:....because the devil fears such a house (church). --has ma:s 'u:s on 'ab kupal ka:c. at the foot of some kind of tree he lies prone. -- K has ma:s u ma:kai? What is he like as a doctor? --K has mams u mamakai? What are they like as doctors? --K has ma:s u hemajkam? What kind of a person is he? --B(<hab) 'o ma:s u hamajkam. That's the kind of person he is. -- K has ma:s je:j 'i:da'a? What kind of a tree does this grow on (of a fruit)? --a: 'o ma:s 'ikus? What kind of a poncho does he have? --a: 'o ma:s u 'o'odham? What kind of a fellow is he? --a: 'o mams u 'o'odham? What kind of fellows are they? -- a: 'o ma:s u 'u:s 'i:da'a? What kind of a tree is this? --a: 'o ma:s ceposig hega'i haiva? What kind of a brand does that cow have? -a:p ma:s ceposig? What kind of a brand do you have? --a:p ma:s bidpaku hekaj? What kind of a paint are you using? na:nko ma:s Adj Expr: various ex: Na:nko ma:s mamagina 'am 'egaga. Various vehicles (cars, trucks) are being sold there. --na:nko ma:s ha'icu 'i 'a'an= various feathers (of different kinds).-- na:nko ma:s 'i'idag= various drinks na:nko ma:s 'i Adj Expr: different varieties of ex: na:nko ma:s 'i 'u'us= different varieties of trees -- nat pi 'an a(<va) hemajkamag, na:nko ma:s 'i hemajkam. because there are people around of different races (different kinds of people).

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ma:s
na:nko 'i mams. Adj Expr: all kinds of ex: na:nko 'i mams mamagina: all kinds of vehicles -- na:nko 'i mams 'u'us= all kinds of trees

ma:s hab/has Stat Expr sgs [pls: hab/has mams]: with hab: to look a certain (specified)
way; with has: to look a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: B(<hab) 'o ma:s mat hema u o si mumkudamk. She looks like someone who is a very sick person. -- hab ma:s mat heba'i 'u'uvhig-nonha hab o ma:sk. it looks like a bird egg does (like a bird egg somewhere will look). --...c hab cum a ma:s mo g cuku. and it looks almost like an owl.--B(<hab) ge ma:s mo (<vu) ab hohodai. They look as if they were just stones. --B(<hab) 'o hi ab cu'ig m'ab hab ma:s. His appearance (of the horse) is deceptive (he only seems to be the way he looks on him). -- K has ma:s? What does it/he look like? -- K has mams? What do they look like? --K has ma:s g hu:, no ge ce'ecevaj? What does corn (the plant) look like, is it tall? -- mo hob(<hab) ma:s g hahimdag. according to their custom (which is the way their custom looks). -- c 'ida hab masma g hu ab 'i 'amje hab ma:s 'i:da'a. and this is the way this has looked ever since the very beginning (of time). -- Kus hu g 'ali hab ma:sc o ge:g? How could a kid (like you) beat me? -- 'I:! Kus voho hebi(<heba'i) o 'i 'u'apak hab ma:s! Mmm! How could he (the horse) possibly take me anywhere the way he looks! -- Ku si has ma:s hega'i 'ali. The child looked (hearsay) very strange. gavul (hab/has) ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look different (from something else) ex: Haha'asij a(<va) mo g gogs, baba hi a gavul ma:s. They (coyotes) are the size of a dog, but look somewhat different. na:nko mams Stat Expr pls: to be varied in looks ex: Na:nko mams g mamagina. There are various models of cars (cars are varied in looks, appearance). skeg (hab/has) ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look beautiful, handsome ex: Skeg 'ap hab ma:s! You(sg) look beautiful! -- heghekaj skeg has ma:s. with that (feathers on their heads) they look handsome s-ta-'e:bidam (hab/has) ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look frightening ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-'e:bidam has ma:s. He looks frightening (in an unspecified way). s-vinma (hab/has) ma:s s-Stat Expr sgs: to look sturdy ex: Pi a 'i vinma ma:s. It does not look sturdy at all. s-'ap (hab/has) ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look good ex: Na 'am a(<va) s'ap hab ma:s? Do I look good this way? --S'ap 'ap hab ma:s. You look fine this way. s-'ap s-ta-himma ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look passable ex: Pi 'im(< 'am) hu heba'i 'ap a 'i tahimma ma:s. Nowhere does it look passable. o'ig (hab/has) ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look sad, miserable ex: o'ig 'ap ma:s cum hekid. You look sad all the time. --mo hob(< hab) masma si o'ig ma:sc 'an ka:c g tjevuga. (you know) how very poor our expanse of land looks (very poorly it looks as it is lying).

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ma:s/ ma:si
vepo ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look alike, similar to obj ex: vepo 'o ma:s. He looks like me. --Vepo 'o ma:s. He looks like him. --Tvepo 'o mams. They look like us. -- Vepo ma:s mo g ha'icu kai. It looks like seeds. --Heg vepo ma:s mo g ha'icu vi:gig. That looks like fluff. -- 'I:da'a sigal 'o vepo ma:s mo hega'i. This cigarette looks like that one 'e-vepo ma:s Stat Expr sgs: to look the same (as oneself), identical ex: Pi heba'i 'evepo ma:s 'i:da'a je:gida. This story does not look the same everywhere. 'e-vepo/ve'epo mams Stat Expr pls: to look alike, like each other ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'evepo mams? Do they look alike? --M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(< va) 'evepo mams. They look alike. -- Hegam 'eveponkam 'evepo /'eve'epo mams. Those siblings look alike.

ma:s Stat tr: to show (of footprints)

ex: 'In ab 'i hama:s matk 'in bi:bij. Their tracks show that they went by here. --'An 'o ma:s mok 'an him 'as hekid 'i. These are his tracks, showing that he has been walking around here, sometime ago. -- 'Id 'i (<vu) m'i a(<va) ma:s. It's him who has his footprints right here.--'Id 'o hega'ic 'i a(< va) ma:s. It's him and here are his footprints. --Hema ma:s g 'o'odham. Those are the footprints of a man. --Ha'i hama:s g 'o'odham. Those are the footprints of some men (walking together). --N(<'an) 'o hema ma:s g kavyu. Those are the tracks of a horse. ... mo hemu 'ida 'an ma:s hega'i Ho'ok 'aba'i. the footprints of that Ho'ok are to this day visible up there. --matp 'am hi a(< va) ma:s vo'ot'am. whose tracks are visible at the charco. -- b(<vab) 'am a(<va) 'i hugk 'am ma:s ki: ve:gaj.her tracks stopped (abruptly) in back of the house.

ma:s s- Stat sgs [Neutr: indef s-ma:s; indef s-ma:s=k. Dur: s-ma:s=ka-d. Interr: sma:s=ka-him]: to be visible ex: B(<'ab) 'ap ab sma:s. You(sg) are visible.--B(<'ab) 'ap ab ge ma:s. You are visible (when you should not be there). --To:mog sma:s tohohiabid. The Milky Way is visible in summer. -- 'am ab 'i sma:s g hana:daku. their fireplace was still visible there. - k 'i a(<va) 'a:gid g Jevu-Ma:kai mat ha'icu vo nato t o sma:sk 'i:da'a jevu. and they tell the Earth Doctor to do something so that there will be light on earth.

ma:s see Vintr ma:si = to be born, to hatch, be hatched ma:si Vintr [Neutr: def ma:si. Correl: ma:si-k; immed: ma:si-ka-'i. Interr: ma:si-him]: to
get to be light ex: T o si'ak o ma:si. After daybreak it will get light. -- ia ge 'et(<'at) cuhug ju:k ju:k ma:si. Well, all night long it rained and rained until the next morning (until it got light).-Kut himk ma:si matp 'i ceajihim g ta. After a while it got light when the sun was rising. --Ma:si 'it(<'at). It has gotten light. --Koi 'at ma:si. It had not gotten light yet. -- Kutp hems o ma:si. Maybe it will have gotten light (by that time).--Himk ma:si. After a while

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ma:si/ ma:sidag
it got light. --Ma:sihim 'o. It's getting light. --Va:mgi, ma:sihim 'o! Get up, it's getting light! -- mat hekid o 'i ma:sihi. when it is getting light. gm hu ba'ic 'i ma:si VExpr intr: to be the day after tomorrow ex: Nt o mei gm hu ba'ic 'ep o 'i ma:si. I'll see you the day after tomorrow 'ab 'i ma:sihi Interr: at dawn ex: iac hekaj 'am 'ep ko:kk 'ab 'i ma:sihi. Well, and therefore once more they slept there until dawn. -- mat 'ab o 'i ma:sihi pt 'am o me:! At dawn, you will run down there! -- c 'ab o 'i ma:sihi tt o hihi!. and at dawn we will go! ['am] 'i ma:si VExpr intr: right after dawn (but before sunrise) ex: ia tp 'am 'i ko:kahimc 'am 'i ma:si. Well, and he slept there until right after dawn.--ia k 'am haha 'i ma:si tp 'am hi:. Well, then right after dawn he left. -ia k 'i ma:si matp dada gm hu. Well, and it was right after dawn when they got there. -- 'I ma:si tp 'am 'ep hihi. Right after dawn they left again.

ma:si Vintr sgs (for pls see mamsi) [Neutr: def ma:si. Interr: ma:si-him]: to become
visible, to appear, to show ex: 'Ab 'i 'ep ma:sihim. It is beginning to show again (such as a spot). vepo ma:si VExpr sgs: to become/ get to look like obj

ma:si Vintr sgs (for pls see mamsi) [Neutr: def ma:s[i]. Correl: ma:si-k; immed: ma:sika-'i: Interr: ma:si-him]: to be born, to hatch, be hatched ex: Pt hekid 'i ma:si/ ma:s? When were you(sg) born? --T hekid o 'i ma:si? When is he due to be born? -- Ba:t ma:si/ ma:s hega'i? Where was he born? --Ma:si 'itk(<'atk) g cucul. A chick has hatched.

ma:sid Vtr sgo (for plo see mamsid) [Neutr: def and indef ma:sid]: to hatch obj ma:sid Vtr sgo (for plo see mamsid) [Neutr: def and hort ma:sid]: to dye obj (a certain
color) ex: Smuhaagim 'ant o ma:sid. I'll dye it brown. --Nt o scukama ma:sid. I'll dye it black.

ma:sid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-mamsid) [Neutr: def 'e-ma:sid. Interr: 'e-ma:sidahim]: to appear, to become visible, to make 'oneself visible ex: Kut haha 'ab 'i 'ema:sid g Ba'ag. Then, the Eagle appeared. -- Ga hu 'i vu: g do'ag m'am hab 'i 'ema:sid ga hu. Over there rose the mountain where it had become visible. -Gami(<gamai) hu 'i pi 'ema:sid hega'i Ba'ag. The Eagle disappeared in the distance. -Gamai hu pi 'i(<'e)ma:sidahim. He is disappearing in the distance.

ma:sidacud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def ma:sidac; hort ma:sidacud]: to dye obj for somebody ma:sidag N: dawn, daylight
ex:'ab ab 'i cum ton g ma:sidag. as soon as daylight began to shine.

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ma:sidag/ ma:ot ma:sidag N inalien: one's birth (same as ma:sig) ma:sidag-tapial NComp alien [3rd pers sg: ma:sidag-tapial=ga-j]: birth certificate ma:sidag-ta NComp inalien: birthday ma:sidaku N: a dye (that which is used to dye something with) ma:sig N: dawn, day
ba'ic 'i ['ep] ma:sig NExpr: two days later/ from now (the morning after next one) ex: ia k 'am hab 'e'i: g navait ba'ic 'i ma:sig. Well, and the wine was drunk two days later. --ia tp 'am hab 'ep hihi ba'ic 'i ma:sig. Well, they left again two days later. heg 'i ma:sig NExpr: the next morning ex: heg 'i ma:sig o dada 'am 'eki: 'ama'i. the next morning they will get to their home.

ma:sig N inalien [3rd pers sg: ma:siga-j]: birth, birthday (same as ma:sidag)
ex: ma:sig 'at 'e'ai 'id 'i takaj. It's my birthday today.

ma:sig tapial NExpr [3rd pers sg: ma:siga-j tapial]: birth certificat ma:sig 'o'ohon NExpr [3rd pers sg: ma:siga-j 'o'ohon]: birth certificate ma:sijid Vintr [Neutr: def ma:sij; hort and indef ma:sijid. Correl: ma:sijid-k; immed:
ma:sijid-ka-'i]: to stay or do something somewhere until daybreak, dawn, daylight ex: 'I 'att o a(<va) 'i ma:sij. We'll stay here until daybreak. --Gm hu ge cuhug ei k 'am si ma:sij. All night long they sang until it was bright daylight.--ia k 'ab 'i ma:sijidk 'amje 'i hihi 'u:pam. Well, and after they had stayed there until daylight, they went back (to where they had come from).

ma:sikam N subst sg: one who is born

ex: g ve:peg ma:sikam: the first born

ma:sk in 'I'itoi Ma:sk NExpr: name of a place (Where 'I'itoi's Footprints Are Visible;
according to the legend, they are tracks left by 'I'itoi and his pet deer)

ma:o (Span: macho) N subst sg [pl: mamo]:a horse that is broken in ma:ocud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def ma:oc]: to break in (a horse)
ex: Napt ma:oc? Did you tame him (the horse)?

ma:ocud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-ma:oc]: to get broken in (of a horse)

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ma:ot / medam ma:ot Vintr sgs: to become tame, broken in (of a horse) me-

me Vintr Unit (for Repet see memea) sgs (for pls see vo:po'o) [Neutr: def me:;
indef me; hort mel; imper meli-. Dur: mea-d. Interr: mel[i]-him. Correl: me-k; immed: me-ka-'i. Compl: me-ok; immed: me-oka-'i.]: to run, drive, flow, blow, crawl ex: Tp 'ea 'an me: hega'i Ban. Meanwhile, Coyote was running onward. -- Da'ivunk o me:! Dash out and run! --a:ko 'ont(<'ant) hab ha'ap o me:? Which way shall I run? --M(<'am) 'ant hu me: 'u:pam 'an tlo:git'an. I drove back home in a truck. --'An dahivak gm hu me: 'atk. Having sat down (in the car), he drove away. --Pt o sikol me:! Run (drive) in a circle! --Sba:g g mel! Drive (run) slowly! -- Ba'ic si me. He drives faster and faster. --Pi 'ap me g ma:gina. My car does not work well. -- Hema me g ma:gina c g haha'a 'am hadadcug. There goes a car carrying cases of bottles. --'In 'ok me g 'o'odham ge 'ekeickvadam ceadc. There goes a fellow riding along on his bicycle. -- Nap heba'i 'an 'i me 'ana'i si sjuhu'ujulk vo:g 'oidc? Have you ever driven along that winding road? --B(<vab) me g noa. I have a runny nose (my nose phlegm is running). -- No me g hevel? Is the wind blowing? --Sgevkam me g hevel. There is a strong wind blowing (the wind is running strongly). --Stoma me g hevel. There is a hot wind blowing (the wind is running hotly). -- B(<'ab) 'o me g jegos. A dust storm is coming this way. -- matp 'am me g cikpan 'im hu ha'ap. there is work (work is running) in that direction. -- mo 'on(<'an) me g u:dag. ... where the river (water) flows. -Vama 'o me jevu da:m. A snake crawls on the ground. --Nat o mead? Will he be driving? -- Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'ab o mead. Soon he'l1 be driving this way. -- Nt hia 'am 'o'oc'e 'ab cum meadc. I got stuck in the sand as I was trying to drive this way. -- Gami 'apt hab o hi:, nt o 'a:i 'am hab o meadc! You walk in that direction while I am running this way! -- 'A ga hu meadc hab cece It is said that as he was running this way (towards home), he kept saying -- M(<'am) 'an a(<va) cum s'ap meahimc 'ab 'i noagk 'oia hebhu vua g vo:g. I was driving in the right direction until I made a turn, after that I lost my way. --Nt o 'ip 'am meka'i! Let me run (drive) down there first! --'i mek 'i mek hana:m melivk 'ab. she ran, ran and met them where she had arrived running. ve:m me VExpr sgs: to race against obj ex: Napt o ve:m me:? Will you race against me? --Nt o mve:m me: 'ab hugk 'am 'ab 'i cu:lk. I'll race you to the corner.

medam N: something that runs continually without stopping

ex: medam u:dag: flowing water (such as a river) hejel-medam NComp alien indiv [pl: hehe'ejel-vopodam]: car (same as ma:gina)

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mehe/ mehid mehe Vintr Unit (for Repet see memhe) sing (for mult see me:mhe) [Neutr: def mei;
indef mehe; hort me:-'i; imper mehi-. Correl me:-k; immed: me:-ka-'i. Dur: mehe-d. Interr: mei-him]: to burn in a single fire ex: Mo g ku'ag hab 'evua. (Burning) is what firewood does. -- Ki: 'at mei. The house burned. -- Mu'i ki:k mei. Many houses burned (in a single fire). -- Nt o u:kud g nsitolta, t o 'om(<'am) mei. I'll watch my syrup, it might burn. --Mei 'at g nna:da. My fire is lit (started to burn) --Pi mei g vepegi mant 'am 'i cum mehi. The light did not go on when I tried to turn it on. --Sivo mei. It flared up (a firecracker). --Cum hekid 'an meihim. It (a light) is on all the time. -- N(<'an) 'at ab o 'i meihid! It will be on (the fire will just be burning)! -- 'I 'at o a(<va) meihid g vepegi. The light here will be on. -- 'I:da'a ku'ag 'o sgakc s'ap meihim. This wood is dry and it's burning well. --B(< vab) kia meihim. It's still burning. -- a 'a(<'o) va 'i stoma meihim. It's burning real hot. -- Hek hu va 'i meihim. It burned for a long time. -- Hek hu va 'i meihidc 'ida 'am kia meihim. It has been burning for a long time and it's still burning. --Mat pi 'am hu vo 'i si s'ap meihid 'at 'am o a 'i siho. If it (the fire) is not burning well, one will stir it.

mehe Vtr impers [Neutr: def mei. Interr: mei-him]: to get obj suntanned, sunburnt
ex: mei g ta. I got suntanned. --Tk o tmei. It will get us sunburnt. -- 'O ob(<vab) meihim. It's just burning me.

mehedam N subst: something that is burning continually without ever going out
mehedam kanjul N Expr: a burning candle (as in a church)

mehi- see Vintr mehe = to burn mehi see Vtr mehid = to set fire to obj mehi see Vreflex 'e-mehid = to burn oneself mehi N inalien: flames, blaze of one fire mehid Vtr Unit (for Repet see memhid) sing (for mult see me:mheid) [Neutr: def
mehi; hort and indef mehid. Correl: mehid-k; immed: mehid-ka-'i. Dur: mehida-d]: to burn, set fire to, light up, obj in a single fire ex: Nt o mehi g nsigalga. I'll light up my cigarette. -- 'O'odham 'atk o mehi g kanjul. The man is going to light up the candle. -- matt 'an o 'i to'ahimk 'ab o mehi. after we have put them (the pieces of firewood) there (on her), we will set fire to them. -- Pi mei g vepegi mant 'am 'i cum mehi. The light did not go on when I tried to turn it on. --Mehid 'a g tatpial. I am burning papers (a pile of papers in one fire). -- 'am haha hema 'ovick 'ab mehidk 'ab ma:. then after rolling a cigarette and lighting it he gave it to him. --Vo mehidk 'an o 'i himc! Light it (a cigarette) and pass it around!

mehid Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-mehi; hort 'e-mehid]: to burn oneself
ex: mehi 'ant cum 'i'ok g kavh:. I burned myself as I tried to drink coffee.

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mehidag/ meldag mehidag in NExpr ha'icu mehidag: charred, burnt remains of something
hido-mehidag NComp: charred stew ki:-mehidag NComp: charred house 'e:'e-mehidag NComp: charred blood ex: tp 'am hab g 'e:'e-mehidag 'am 'al 'ehahadap hohodai da:m. there, clods of charred blood were stuck on the stones.

mehidag s- Stat: to be flammable

ex: No smehidag? Is it flammable?

mehidaku N: brazier (instrument in which something is burnt) mehidkam s- N subst: something that is flammable mehidkam vu s- Stat Expr: to be something that is flammable
ex: Heg 'o smehidkam u ha'icu. That thing is flammable.

mei see Vintr mehe = to burn mei see Vimpers tr mehe = to get obj suntanned, sunburnt meihim see Vintr mehe = to burn meihim Vimpers tr: to get obj suntanned, sunburnt meto (contr of *mehito) Vintr Unit (for Distr see memeto) [Neutr: def meito. Interr:
meto-him]: to burn completely in a single fire; to burn out (such as a bulb); to burn down (such as a house)

mel see Vintr me = to run mel see Vtr mel[i]d = to invite obj mel see Vintr meliv = to arrive somewhere melcudame Vreflex Unit sgs [Neutr: def 'e-melcudam]: to run to the toilet, to have
diarrhea ex: Nt o melcudam. I'll have diarrhea.

melda (elis of * melida) N inalien: invitation to the wine ceremony; act of calling a
medicine man or a singer to the bedside of a sick person

meldag (elis of *melidag) N inalien [loc: -meldag 'e]: course of somebody who is
either running, driving or on horseback

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meldag/ mel[i]jid meldag (elis of *melidag) s- Stat sgs (for pls see s-vo:po'idag): to be good at running
ex: Heg 'o smeldag. He is a fast runner. -- heghekaj ma hi pi meldagc pi has njuk o ndo'ibi'o. because, since I am not a fast runner, there is no way for me to escape. -- No 'om(<'am) hu pi meldag g vu:lo/ No 'om(<'am) hu smeldag g vu:lo. The donkey is not a fast runner. --No pi smeldag. He is a fast runner. --'Atk o smeldagk mat hekid o 'i ge'eda. He'll be a fast runner when he grows up.

meldame: Vtr Unit sgo (for plo see memeldame) [Neutr: def meldam; hort and
indef meldame. Correl: meldame-k; immed: meldame-ka-'i. Interr: meldamel[i]-him]: to go and invite obj to the wine ceremony; to go and get obj (either a medicine man or a singer) to the bedside of a sick person

melda i'ok NExpr(?): Invitation Speech for the wine ceremony melhidam N subst sg: one who is always on the go, running or driving (see also
himhidam)

melhog N aggreg: ocotillo

ex: Smu'ij g melhog 'ama'i. Ocotillos are numerous down there.

melhogag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-memelhogag): to be full of ocotillos in
one location

meli- see Vintr me = to run mel[i]d Vtr [Neutr: def mel; hort melid; imper sgs melda-]: to invite obj to the wine
ceremony; to call for obj (a medicine man or a singer) to the bedside of a sick person

melidkam s- N subst sg (for pl see s-vo:po'idkam): one who is good at running

ex: Cum 'a hema seidam g smelidkam viappoi. I'd like to see a fast running boy.

melidkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs: to be one who is good at running

ex: 'I:da'a viappoi 'at u o smelidkamk mat hekid o 'i ge'eda. The boy will be a fast runner when he is grown up.

melidt Vintr sgs (for pls see vo:po'idt) [Neutr: def melidt. Interr: melidta-him]: to
become able to run ex: Melidt 'at. He is (has become) able to run. -- T o melidt. He'll be (become) able to run. -- Melidtahim 'o. He is in the process of becoming able to run.

mel[i]jid Vdtr [Neutr: def melij; hort meljid]: to send somebody to invite obj to the
wine ceremony, to get a medicine man or a singer to the bedside of a sick person

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melim/ mel[ melim s- Adv sg (for pl see s-vo:po'im): wishing to run, drive, somewhere
ex: Pi g 'am smelim 'eju:kcid! Don't show that you would like to drive there (be acting desirous of going there by car )

melim s- V subst intr sgs (for pls see s-vo:po'im): to wish to run, drive somewhere
ex: Nap cum smelim hemu? Do you wish to go (by car) right away? -- Cum 'a smelim 'am 'u:pam. I would like to go back home (by car). -- 'A cum smelim 'am Cuk-on vui. I would like to drive to Tucson. --Pi 'i(<'a) 'am hu cum smelim. I don't feel like driving there. --M 'a cum si smelimk 'ea pi o a 'i nnako mans 'am hu o me:. I would very much like to go (by car) but I won't be able to make it.

melimam N: traveler melimk s- Adv sg (for pl see svo:poimk): anxious to run, drive somewhere
ex: Smelimk hab 'eju:kc. He acts anxious to go there (by car). -- Smelimk hab cu'ig. He is anxious to go (by car).

melimk s- Stat sgs (for pls see s-vopo'imk) [Neutr: indef s-melimk]: to be anxious to
run, drive somewhere ex: Pi 'i(<'a) 'am hu smelimk. I don't want to drive there.

meliv Vintr sgs (for pls see vo'iv) [Neutr: def mel. Correl: meliv-k; immed: meliv-ka-'i.
Compl: meliv-ok; immed: meliv-oka-i. Interr: mel[u]v-him (disson of* meliv-him)]: to arrive somewhere running or driving (see also jiva) ex: Nat mel? Has he arrived (by car)? --Pt hekid o g hu 'i mel? At what time will you get there (by car)? --Tk o mel 'u:pam. He will come back (running or driving). --ga hu o mel 'aba'i k hab o 'a:. after he gets there he will tell him. -- ga hu mel matp 'ab ki: hega'i ka:kaj. he arrived (running) to where the grandmother of that fellow lived. -- Hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'i hab a(<va) mel gm hu ki:himt'amje. I have just now come back (by car) from town. -- Hegam a'i-vu:pulim 'an o mo:to'i g tlo:gi mat 'i o mel! The truck that will drive up here will carry those bales of hay. --Meluvhim 'o. He is about to arrive (running or by car). -- Nt o a(<va) gegus melivka'i. I'll eat right after I come back. -- Gm hu melivk 'am ei. Having gotten over there he saw it. -- 'Am 'ep me: 'ep melivk 'am hab a(<va) 'ep kaij He too ran down there and having come back running he too said. --Tp 'am hi a(<va) cum melivk ab a(<va) 'e:bidc pi 'in hu hema habei. Although she arrived there running, being afraid she did not yet get a single one of them. -- elma 'atp hu 'i melvhim. He might be on the verge of arriving. --Meluvhim 'atp hu 'i. He is arriving perhaps.

melivku N: place where the runners end a race mel[] N inalien [1st pers sg: mel[]]: act of running

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melc/ melopa melc see Vtr mel[]cud = to make obj run melc see Vreflex 'e-mel[]cud = to run, drive, somewhere melckva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def melckva]: to run over obj
ex: 'Ant melckva g haivagaj. I ran over his cow.

mel[]cud Vtr Unit (for Repet see memelcud) sgo (for plo see vo:po'icud) [Neutr:
def melc; hort and indef melcud. Correl: melcud-k; immed: melcud-ka-'i. Dur: melcudad. Interr: melcuda-him]: to make obj run; to drive obj ex: Si 'int(<'ant) melc g noiga. I drove my horse hard. --Nap sma:c mapt has masma o melc g ma:gina? Do you know how to drive a car? --Napt 'a:pi o 'i melc ? Did he ask you to drive? --'An 'ant o cikpank hekaj 'am o 'i melc g ki:dag. I'll work in order to support me (run my own life).--Sikol g melcud! Make it (a car or a horse) run in a circle! --M 'apt ab o 'i melcudadk 'am haha vo 'i mku'inog! Could you go on driving for a while and then I'll alternate with you! --Napt 'a:pi o melcudahid? Will you be the one to do the driving (with interruptions)?

mel[]cud Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-melcud]: to run, drive, somewhere

ex: M(<'am) 'a cum a melcud. I may drive there. gm hu si 'e-melcud VExpr sgs (for pls see gmhu si 'e-vo:po'icud): to run away at full speed ex: M 'at hu si 'i(<'e)melc 'ab 'i eidok. He ran away at full speed as soon as he saw me. --To:lo 'ot(<'at) o cum mo'ockva, nt gm hu si melc. The bull was going to hook me, I ran away at full speed.

melno Vintr sgs (for pls see vo'ino) [Neutr: def and hort melno]: to run, drive,
somewhere and come back ex: 'Am 'ant melno. I turned back there (either running or driving). -- 'Am g 'i melno! Go there and run back! --T 'am 'ep melno vab 'etodsidk. He too went there and came back completely scared. -- k 'ab heba'i melno. and somewhere he turned back.

melomin Vtr [Neutr: def melom; hort melomin]: to clear out, obliterate, obj
ex: Nt o melom g ntokiga. I'll clear out my cotton (the cotton plants after the harvest).

melom see Vtr melomin = to clear out obj melopa see melopa = to arrive somewhere by car or running melopa Vintr sgs (for pls see vo'iopa) [Neutr: def melopa; indef melopa. Dur:
melopaa-d]: to arrive somewhere by car or running ex: Kupt hekid o g hu 'i melopa? At what time will he get there (by car)? --T hekid o 'i melopa? When will he arrive (by car)? -- P hekid 'i melopa? When do you usually get here (by car)? --P hekid g hu 'i melopa? When do you usually get there (by car)? --Heg

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melopa/ memeldame
'o 'on(<'an) hab a(<va) melopa. He goes there (by car) every so often. --Pt hekid o g hu 'i melopaad. At what time will you be getting there (by car)?

melpig Vtr sgo [Neutr: def melp; hort melpig]: to take away the running powers of obj
ex: Melp 'at. It/he took his running power away.

melp see Vtr melpig = to take away the running power of obj melto Vintr Unit [Neutr: def melto. Interr: meltohim]: to go away running or driving; to
calm down, abate (the wind) once ex: Gm hu 'a'ai melto. They all scattered away (running or driving). -- Melto 'ot(<'at) g hevel. The wind has abated. --Meltohim 'o g hevel. The wind is abating.

melto Vintr [Neutr: indef melto]: to go away (running or by car) reiteratedly; to calm
down repeatedly (of the wind) reiteratedly

melvig N inalien: meeting place

ex: 'am melvigc'e= at the meeting place

meluvhim see Vintr meliv = to arrive somewhere running or driving memea Vintr Repet (for Unit see me) sgs (for pls see vopo) [Neutr: indef memea.
Dur: memea-d. Interr: memel[i]-him]:to run to, to drive to, repeatedly ex: Mas hascu u hega'ikc 'in 'al memea? I wonder, what is that thing that scurries along? -- Kupt a(<va) voho 'ob(<'ab) cum memea g Ban vesko jevu-u:dagim k pi heba'i a 'i ha'icu ce:. Although Coyote did run (as he was told) all over the entire world, he did not find anything anywhere. -- Vuihidc memea hasko 'om 'i hihhimadc. He keeps kicking it as he runs every time he is going somewhere. -- Nt o ha'ap memead. I'll be running/driving repeatedly in that direction.--Ba:p memeahim? Where have you been?

meme[a]dam N subst sg (for pl see vopodam): runner (one who runs repeatedly);
a loose woman (a woman who does not stay at home; the opposite is da:kam)

meme[a]dam vu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu vopodam): to be a runner; to be a

loose woman (a woman who does not stay at home but runs around all the time)

memeto (contr of *memehito) Vintr Distr (for Unit see meto): to burn completely in
several fires; to burn out (such as bulbs), to burn down (such as houses)

memeldame Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see meldame): to go and invite obj to the Wine
Ceremony; to go and get obj (medicine men or singers) to the bedside of a sick person

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memelhogag/ memheid memelhogag s-Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-melhogag): to be full of ocotillos in
various locations

memelihim see Vintr memea = to run to, to drive to repeatedly memeliku N: racetrack
Ta[ai] Memelku NExpr(?): a place name (roadrunner's racetrack)

memelimkam s- N subst sg: one who likes to run all the time memelcud Vtr Repet (for Unit see mel[]cud) sgo [Neutr: indef memelcud. Dur:
memelcuda-d]: to make obj run repeatedly; to drive obj repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'a si memelcud g noiga. I always drive my horse hard. -- K hea'i memelcud g ma:gina mam hekid hasko vopo? Who drives the car when you(pl) go somewhere?

memelcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-memelc; hort and indef 'e-memelcud. Dur: ' ememelcuda-d. Interr: 'e-memelcuda-him]: to run for exercise ex: Nt o memelc. I will run for exercise. --Ves sisialmad 'a memelcud. Every morning I run for exercise. -- Nap 'ememelcudahim? Have you been running?

memelcud Vimpers tr [Neutr: def memelc]: to make obj run to the bathroom many
times, to give diarrhea to obj ex: memelc 'at. It gave me diarrhea.

memelcuddam N subst: driver of (one who repeatedly drives something)

bus-memelcuddam NComp: bus driver ma:gina-memelcuddam NComp: driver (of a car) tlo:gi-memelcuddam NComp: truck driver

memhe Vintr Repet (for Unit see mehe) sing [Neutr: indef memhe. Dur: memhe-d.
Interr: meme-him]: to burn in one fire repeatedly ex: No s'ap memhe 'i:da'a ku'ag? Does this wood burn well? -- Sivo memhe. It keeps flaring. -- Hekid ha'icu cum 'e'eak ab memhe. Every time they plant something the plants just burn. --T ab o memhed. It will keep on burning for a while and going out.

memhedam-vaptopig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of glowworms in one location memhedam-vatop NComp indiv [pl: memhedam-vaptop]: glowworm, firefly memheid Vtr Repet (for Unit see mehid) sing [Neutr: indef memheid. Dur:
memheida-d]: to burn, to light up obj repeatedly in a single fire

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memheid/ me:kji
ex: Cum 'a hekid memheid g kanjul. I light up a candle every time.--'Am 'a memheid g tanhaag. I (always) burn the trash down there.

me'emek see Mod me:k = far, distant me'emekji see Adv me:kji = from far away

me:-

me: see Vintr me = to run to, to drive to me:k see Vintr mehe = to burn me:k Mod [distr: me'emek]: far, distant
ex: 'Id 'at o t'u'apa 'ama'i gvui me:k jevu. This one will take us to that distant land.--Me:k 'a ki:. I live far away. --Me:k 'ant o hi:. I'll go far away. -- ttp hekaj 'am a(<va) me:k 'ep o hihi. so that we too will go far away. -- B (<vab) kia me:k 'uli. It is still far in the future. --me:k 'i scuk. far in the night.-- --Me'emek 'amje 'atp hihhim. They might come from far away (and from different places). g hu me:k/ va: hu me:k Adv Expr: a long time ago.

me:k Stat [Neutr: indef me:k. Dur: me:ka-d]: to be far away

ex: Ha'icu gm hu vo me:kad, 'att hab o 'a: "me:k 'o". Of something that is far away, we say "It is far away". --Me:k 'o gamai hu. It's far over there. --Pi 'o 'am hu 'i si me:k 'am 'amje Ce:dag Vavhai. It's not too far from Pozo Verde. -- Me:k 'o 'ama'i ma 'am ki:. It's far where I live. -- Me:k 'o 'ama'i mant 'am o hi:. It's far where I am going to go. -- 'Atp g hu me:k bidc'ea. He might be far down (below the water) in the mud. --... c pi me:k hasko g jevu. ... and the world did not extend far in any direction. me:k V subst: to get far away ex: Gam g o hu me:k! Far away with you(pl)!

me:k-ha'icu-eidaku NComp alien [1st pers sg: -me:k-ha'icu-eidaku=ga]:

telescope (instrument to see something far away)

me:kji Adv [distr: me'emekji]: from far away

ex: Me:kji 'atp him. He might come from far away. --Pi 'i(<'a) me:kji him. I don't come from far away.

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me:ko/ me:'i me:ko Vintr [Neutr: def me:ko. Correl: me:ko-k; immed: me:ko-ka-'i. Interr: me:kohim]: to move far away ex: Me:ko 'ot(<'at). He moved far away. -- 'Am himk himk gm hu 'i me:ko. Having walked, walked, he got far away. -- 'Ea gamai hu g'oidam hihim, 'im hu me:ko 'im hu. Meanwhile all along they are walking, they got further and further away. -- 'Im hu me:kohimc me:ko. He got further and further away and (now) he is far away. -- Nt o me:kohid. I'll be moving further and further away (with interruptions).

me:koag s- Stat: to be able to go far me:koam s- Adv: far away, distantly

ex: Va cum si sme:koam cu'igk ababa g 'u:gk-himdamkaj pi me:k. Although it is very far, with a plane it is not.

me:ko'olid Vtr: to get out of reach of obj me:ko'olid in pi me:ko'olid VExpr: to get within reach of obj
ex: Heg 'o pi me:ko'olid g jevu. He is within reach of that place. -- 'A pi me:ko'olid g jevu. I am within reach of the place.

me:mhe Vintr mult (for sing see mehe) [Neutr: def and indef me:mhe. Dur: me:mhe-d.
Interr: me:mhe-him]: to burn in several fires ex: Pi 'it(<at) me:mhe. They did not burn. -- No 'om(<'am) a(<va) skeg me:mhe g kakanjul? Are the candles burning nicely? -- No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'ap me:mhe g na:nda? Are the various fires burning well? --Si'isvo me:mhe. They (several lights) keep flaring.- Me:mehim 'o g kakanjul. The candles are burning.

me:mheid Vtr mult (for sing see mehid) [Neutr: def me:mhei; hort and indef
me:mheid. Dur: me:mheidad]: to set fire to, light up, obj in several fires. ex: Me:mhei g 'esisigal. They each lit their cigarettes. -- B(<'ab) g o me:mheid. You each take a cigarette break (light it)! --Cum 'a hekid hame:mheid g kakanjul. I always burn (light up) candles. --Me:mheid g 'etatanhaagga. They are burning their trash here and there. --B(<'ab) g o 'ip me:mheidoka'i! You each take a cigarette break (light it) first.

me:'i see Vintr mehe = to burn

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mia/ miabidc ki:kam mi-

mia Adv [distr: mi'imia]: close, near, close by, near by (see also miak)
ex: M 'a a(<va) 'i mia ki:. I live close by (I have been living close by for some time). -- 'I 'o a(<va) 'i ku:bhim mia. Dust is rising right close to here. -- 'i a(<va) 'i mia hahu'id hegam vapkial. they are right close after them, those cowboys. -- g hab a(<va) 'i mia= close by. mi'imia ki:kam N Expr: people living close by in various locations (here and there)

mia Stat sgs: to be close, close by

ex: Mia 'o. It is close by. --Ha'icu 'am o mia da:kcud, 'att hab o 'a: "mia". Of something sitting near, we say "it is near".

miabid Vtr [Neutr: def miab; hort and indef miabid. Correl: miabid-k; immed: miabidka-'i]: to approach, get close to, obj. ex: Pt o 'i miab! Come close to me! -- t hekid ha'icu 'ab o 'i mmiab. whenever something gets close to you(sg). --Pi g 'ab hu 'i miabid, pt o nciavag! Don't come near me, you'll contaminate me! -- 'I g o hu 'i miabid! You(pl) come close to me! -Miabida! You(sg) go near him/it! -- Miabido! You(pl) go near him/it! --Pi hekid hamiabid. He never gets close to them.--Nt o miabidk 'am o ei. I'll go near it and look (at it).

miabid Vreflex Neutr: def 'e-miab; hort and indef 'e-miabid. Correl: 'e-miabid-k;
immed: 'e-miabid-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-miabid-him]: to approach, to get close ex: 'Emiabidhim 'o. He is approaching. -- 'E-g-'emiabidk! you(sg) come close! -- 'E-g-o'o(<'e)miabidk! You(pl) come close!

miabidc Postp: near/ next to obj (see also miabidk)

ex: miabidc 'o ki:. He lives near me. --miabidc 'o ka:c. It is (lying) next to me. -- 'Ab 'o mmiabidc ka:c. It is (lying) next to you(sg). -- Cum 'o hekid 'am miabidc davup. He always sets it near me.

miabidc Stat: to be near/ next to a single location

ex: ki: 'o tmiabidc. My house is nearby (near us). --Ki:j 'o tmiabidc. His house is nearby (near us).

miabidc ki:kam NExpr aggreg [3rd pers sg miabidc ki:kam]: neighbors (ones living
next to somebody)

miabidc ki:kam vu Stat Expr: to be the neighbor(s) of obj

ex: No (<vu) mmiabidc ki:kam hega'i? Is he your(sg) neighbor? -- No mmiabidc ki:kam hegam? Are they your(sg) neighbors?

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miabidk/ mimiliganag miabidk Postp: near, next to obj (see also miabidc)
ex: Pt o miabidk dava! Set it next to me!

miab see Vtr miabid = to approach, get close to, obj miab see Vreflex 'e-miabid = to approach, to get close miak Adv: close, near, close by, near by (see also mia)
ex: Miak g 'i kekiva! Stand up close (to me)! -- Miak g 'i dahiva! Sit down close (to me)! --Miak g o 'o(< 'e)gegusid! Come close (to the table) and eat! --Pt miak o ve:mt! Come close and help me!

miak V subst intr: to get near, close

ex: 'Oi g o miak! Come over here in a hurry!

miaklos (Span: miercoles) N: Wednesday miak-['a]n-g-'i-vo'iva[-'i:bhai] NComp aggreg [loc: miak-'an-g-'i-vo'iva[-'i:bhai]c-'e]: fruit of one variety of prickly pear cactus (close-by-lie-down-[pricklypear])

milign (Span: americano; dial: mligan) N indiv [pl: milig:n (dial: mmiligan)]:
white man, American

milign vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu milig:n]: to be a white man, an American milignag (dial: s-miliganag) s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-milig:nag): to
be full of whites, Americans, in one location

milignaj (dial: miliganaj) Adv: in English

ex: Milignaj g hab ce:'i! Speak English!

milig:n see N milign = white man; American milig:nag (dial: s-mimiliganag) s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-milignag): to
be full of Whites,Americans, in various locations

milo (Span: melon; dial: mila, milin) N aggreg: watermelon (same as gep) miloig s- Stat impers: to be full of watermelons in one location mimiligan see N indiv milign = White, American mimiliganag see Stat s-milig:nag = to be full of Whites, of Americans

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mimitol/ mi'imia mimitol see N mi:tol = cat mimitolig/ mimitolag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-mimmitolig): to
be full of cats in one location

mimmitolig/ mimmitolag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-mimitolig): to

be full of cats in various locations

mimsa see N mi:sa = table mimscin see N subst miscin = wild one mim see N mi: = Protestant mim hapa:lga NExpr indiv: the minister of the Protestants (see also mi:-pa:l) mim hapa:lga vu Stat Expr sgs: to be the minister of the Protestants (see also
vu mi:-pa:lga) ex: Nap u mim hapa:lga? Are you the minister of the Protestants? -- 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'atp u mim hapa:lga. This man might be the minister of the Protestants.

mimmad Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-mi:mad): to have Mass, to be preached to,
in various places ex: Domig 'e 'o 'o(<'e)mimmad. On Sundays they (the people) have Mass here and there (in the various villages).

mimmada see N mi:mada = act of preaching, serving Mass miscin N subst sg [pl: mimscin]: wild one (same as s-doajkam)
ex: miscin 'o'odham: a wild man

miscin vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a wild one

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) miscin. He is a wild one.

miscin-ko:ji NComp indiv: peccary (wild pig) miscin-kokjig s-Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of wild pigs in one location mi'imia see Adv mia = close, near

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mi:l/ mi:mi:-

mi:l (Span: mil) Num: one thousand mi:l-pi: (Span: mil pesos) NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg: -mi:l-pi:=ga]: one
thousand dollars ex: he'ekia 'i mi:l-pi:. countless amount of dollars.

mi:sa (Span: mesa) N inalien indiv [pl: mimsa]: table mi:sa-da:m-taim NComp alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg mi:sa-da:m-taim=ga-j; 1st
pers sg -mi:sa-da:m-tadim=ga); pl: mi:sa-da:m-ta:tadim]: tablecloth

mi: (Span: mesa) N indiv [pl: mim]: Protestant mi:mad Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef mi:mad. Correl: mi:mad-k; immed: mi:madka-'i]: to preach, to say Mass for obj ex: T o tmi:mad. He is going to say Mass for us. --Domig 'e 'o tmi:mad. He says Mass for us on Sundays.--T 'e'ai ma 'ida hami:mad. It's the time when I (usually) say Mass for them. -- 'Atk 'am 'i ta g Jio-'O'ohon 'atp o ho(<ha)mi:madk. He opened the Bible in order to preach (to them) for a while.

mi:mad Vreflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-mimmad): to have Mass, to get preached
ex: 'E-'o-mi:mad hemu. They are in church (having mass) now.

mi:mada N inalien [distr: mimmada]: act of preaching, serving Mass

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu a 'i ma:c 'ab 'amje g mi:mada. I don't know anything about (the act of) serving mass.

mi:madame Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-mi:mado) [Neutr: def 'emi:madam; hort 'e-mi:madame]: to go to mass, to a religious service ex: Nt o mi:madam. I am on my way to the service.

mi:mado Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-mi:madame): to go to a religious service mi:-pa:l NComp alien indiv: a Protestant minister (see also mim hapa:lga) mi:-pa:lga vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's Protestant minister
ex: No (<vu) 'emmi:-pa:lga? Is he your(pl) Protestant minister?

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mi:-/ mohoname mi:-pa:lga Stat Comp sing: to have a Protestant minister

ex: Nam ge mi:-pa:lga Covered-Wells-t-'ab? Do you(pl) have a Protestant minister at Covered Wells?

mi:tol (dial: mi:stol; Aztec: miston) N alien indiv [pl: mimitol (dial: mimistol)]: cat ex:
Mo 'am 'al gogs ma:s, mo 'an ge 'al ce'ecev hu:c. (a cat is) that which looks kind- of like a dog, which has long claws-like nails. -- Nt o ho(<ha)vacko'ic g mimitol. I'll drown the cats.

mi:ya (Span: milla): mile

mo-

moho N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg moho=ga-j; instr: moho-kaj; instr reflex: 'e-moho=gakaj]: beargrass (used as foundation in basket making)

mohog s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of beargrass in one location mohogid s- V [Neutr: def s-mohog; indef s-mohogid. Correl: s-mohogid-k; immed: smohogid-ka-'i]: to itch ex: Mat heba'i 'am o si smohogidk 'am tda:k 'e k o tbiscke. When a place itches very much in our nose, it makes us sneeze.

mohon Vtr [Neutr: def moho; hort mohon. Correl: mohon-k; immed: mohon-ka-'i. Dur:
mohona-d]: to crumble, thresh, obj (by rubbing it between one's hands) ex: Nt o moho g pilka. I'll thresh my wheat. Mohon 'a g pilka. I am rubbing wheat between my hands . Kutt a 'an o ha'i mohonk 'am o 'ovickad. After crumbling a few (leaves) by rubbing them between our hands we should roll them into cigarettes.

mohonaku N: thresher (for wheat, or beans) mohoname Vtr sgs (for pls see mohono): to go and thresh obj (by rubbing it
between one's hands)

mohoname g u:'uva VExpr sgs: to go after u:'uva berries (tiny berries which
are harvested by rubbing whole branches between one's hands)

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mohono/ moik[a]d mohono Vtr pls (for sgs see mohoname): to go and thresh obj (by rubbing it
between one's hands)

mohono g u:'uva VExpr pls: to go after u:'uva berries (tiny berries which are
harvested by rubbing whole branches between one's hands)

mohoid Vdtr (Neutr: def moho; hort mohoid]: to crumble, thresh, obj (between
one's hands for somebody) ex: Pt o moho g pilka! Thresh wheat for me (by rubbing it between your hands)!

moihun Vtr sgo (for plo see momoihun) [Neutr: def moihu; hort moihun]: to soften/
plow obj ex: Nt o moihu g 'oidag. I'Il plow my field.

moihun Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-momoihun) [Neutr: def 'e-moihu; indef 'emoihun]: to get softened, loosened, plowed ex: ... mo hekaj 'emoihun g jevu. ... (a pick is) that with which the soil gets loosened.

moihuid Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def moihu; hort moihuid]: to soften, plow for somebody moik s- Adj sg [pl: s-momoik]: soft
ex: Smoik vainom: soft metal Hema 'a tacu g smoik mi:lo. I want a soft melon. 'Ali 'o smoik 'eldag. The child has soft skin.

moik s- Stat sgs [pls: s-momoik]: to be soft moika Vintr sgs (for pls see momoika) [Neutr: def moika. Interr: moika-him]: to
become soft ex: Moika 'at. It has gotten soft. Moikahim 'o. It is getting soft.

moika Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see momoika) [Neutr: def moika. Interr: moika-him]: to make obj
become weak ex: B(<vab) hab 'i moika ['at]. I have no strength left (it made me completely weak). B(<vab) hab 'i moika g ncu:kug. My body feels weak. moikahim ['o]. I am getting weak.

moik[a]d Vtr sgo (for plo see momoik[a]d) [Neutr: def, hort and indef moikad]: to
soften obj; to tan obj ex: Nt o moikad g 'eldagga. I'Il tan my hide. Nt o 'i mdagimu k o 'i mmoikad. I'Il soften you (your body or muscles) by massaging you. Nt o moikad g hog 'am mveheji. I'Il tan the hide for you. M g 'i moikad g 'eldaj! (Why don't you) tan the (its) hide! Moikad 'a g huav-'eldag. I am tanning a deerdeer hide.

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moikada/ momoikajid moikada N inalien indiv [pl: momoikada]: something that is being softened, tanned
ex: ha'icu 'i hohog momoikada= tanned hides of various kinds of animals

moikajid Vdtr sgo (for plo see momoikajid) [Neutr: def moikaj; hort and indef
moikajid]: to soften obj for somebody; to tan obj for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) mmoikaj. I'Il tan it for you.

moikam s- Adv: soft

ex: Smoikam hab ju:. He got it (the leather) soft.

moik-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: fruit of a variety of prickly pear cactus (soft 'i:bhai) moima s- Adv: softly, in a soft manner
ex: Smoima hab ju:. He did it softly. ... mat 'am hebi (<heba'i) o smoima 'akigk ... wherever there is a soft wash.

moi-'o:g NComp inalien [sg (3rd pers sg moi-'o:ga-j); pl: mo:ms-'o'og]: son-in-law;
mother-in-law (same as mo:ms ha'o:g)

momoihun Vtr plo (for sgo see moihun) [Neutr: def momoihu; hort momoihun]: to
soften obj; to plow obj ex: Nt o momoihu g 'o'oidag. I'Il plow my fields.

momoihun Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-moihun) [Neutr: indef 'e-momoihun]: to get
softened, plowed ex: 'Emomoihu g 'o'oidag. The fields got plowed.

momoik see Adj s-moik = soft momoik see Stat s-moik = to be soft momoika Vintr pls (for sgs see moika) [Neutr: def momoika. Interr: momoika-him]:
to become soft

momoika Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see moika) [Neutr: def momoika. Interr: momoikahim]: to make obj become weak

momoik[a]d Vtr plo (for sgo see moik[a]d) [Neutr: def, hort and indef momoikad]:
to soften obj; to tan obj

momoikajid Vdtr plo (for sgo see moikajid) [Neutr: def momoikaj; hort and indef
momoikajid]: to soften obj for somebody; to tan obj (hides) for somebody

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momonjul/ mo'o momonjul see N monjul = bandana, head kerchief momto'o (assimil of *momto'a) Vtr Repet (for Unit see mo:to'o) [Neutr: indef
momto'o. Dur: momto'o-d]: to put obj on one's head repeatedly in order to carry it; to take the responsibility of obj repeatedly ex: Nap ab kia momto'o g 'eha'a? Do you still carry your olla on your head?

momto'o Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-mo:mt): to ride double repeatedly
ex: 'Emomto'o. They always ride double.

monjul (Span: montera ?) N inalien indiv [pl: momonjul]: bandana, head kerchief mo'mobam see N mo'obam = hunter mo'mokva see N mo'okva = tadpole mo'mokvaag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of tadpoles in one location mo'moc semi Stat intr pls (for sgs see mo'oc): to have one's head on/ against
something

mo'o N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg mo'o-j; loc: mo'o-t-'an; inst: mo'o-kaj); pl: mo:m]:
head ex: Mo 'on(<'an) da:c 'eda:m. (The head is) that which is (sits) on top of oneself. ... 'an bei g 'e'a:'ac 'emo'o 'ana'i. ... she took a louse off (on) her head. ... 'am himk 'ab a: mo'oj da:m. ... having gone there, he took a handful of his hair on top of his head. Napt o a kekiva g 'emo'okaj vaik minuda 'ab? Can you stand on your head for three minutes? cucul-mo'o NComp: chicken head si:l-mo'o NComp alien indiv [sg: 1st pers sg si:l-mo'o=ga; loc: si:i-mo'o-t-'an]: saddle horn vipi-mo'o NComp inalien: nipple (breast head)

mo'o N inalien aggreg [mult: mo:m]: hair, scalp

ex: mo 'ob(<'ab) cu:c 'ab tmo'o 'ab. (The hair is) that which is (stands) on our head. Heg 'an a(<va) 'i vi: mo'oj. Only his scalp stayed on. Ha'i g mo'o sto:ta. Some of my hair is white. Ha'i g mo'o 'atk to:ta. Some of my hair has gotten white. 'O'odham hamo:m 'o scuck. 'O'odham have black hair ('O'odham their hair is black). Hegam hamo:m 'o s'o'onmag. Their hair is salt colored.

mo'o Stat sing [mult: moom[]]: to have a head; to have hair

ex: ... mo ge ce'ecev mo:m. ... who have unusually long hair.

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mo'obam/ mo'og mo'obam N aggreg [distr: mo'mobam]: deer hunter(s), head-bearer(s) mo'obam vu Stat Expr: to be a deer hunter, hunters from a single location, (a) headbearer(s) ex: Heg 'o(<vu) mo'obam. He is a hunter. Hegam 'o mo'obam. They are hunters (from the same village).

mo'oc semi Stat sgs [Neutr: indef mo'oc. Dur: mo'oci-d]: to have one's head on obj
(such as a pillow) ex: 'Id 'apt 'ab o mo'ocid! Use this as a pillow for your head!

mo'ocek Vintr [Neutr: indef mo'ocek. Interr: mo'ocek-him]: to have one's head bobbing
up and down ex: M(<'am) hi ab a(<va) 'al mo'ocek. Only his head is bobbing up and down over there (as of a person walking in a corn field). B(<'ab) 'o mo'ocekhim. He is coming this way with his head bobbing up and down (as of a person in a corn field)

mo'ock Vintr [Neutr: def mo'oc; hort mo'ock]: to put one's head down (somewhere)
ex: Pt 'an o mo'oc! Put your head down there! Heg 'apt 'ab o mo'oc! Put your head down on that! 'In g mo'ock! Put your head down right here (on my lap)!

mo'ocku N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg mo'ockua-j); pl: mo'omcku]: pillow mo'ocku vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's pillow
ex: ... heg u mo'ockuaj m'am daha hodai. ... that stone sitting there is his pillow.

mo'ockva Vtr Unit (for Repet see mo'ockvup) [Neutr: def and hort mo'ockva]: to
knock obj down with one's head, to hook obj ex: S'e:bid 'a mat o mo'ockva. I am afraid that he (the bull) will hook me. 'I 'at vuak 'am si mo'ockva. He threw me and hooked me real hard.

mo'ockvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see mo'ockva) [Neutr: indef mo'ockvup. Dur:
mo'ockvupa-d]: to knock obj with one's head, to hook obj, repeatedly ex: Ma hamo'ockvup. (I am told that) it keeps hooking people. 'I:da'a to:lo 'o cum hekid mo'ockvup. This bull is always trying to hook me.

mo'ocud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def mo'oc]: to make somebody's hair grow mo'ocug Vtr: to move with one's head resting on obj (such as a pillow) mo'og s- Stat impers: to be full of hair in one location

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mo'ogid/ mo'opi'ok mo'ogid Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-mo'og; hort 'e-mo'ogid]: to shake one's head
ex: 'Emo'og 'at. He shook his head. Pi g 'am 'emo'ogid! Don't shake your head!

mo'oj N indiv [pl: moomij]: stamp

ex: Pt o ha g mo'oj. Put a stamp (on the envelope)! Mo'oj shaamc ga hu si 'i(<'e)haap. A stamp being sticky can be glued (on to a surface). Moomij 'o shahaam. Stamps are sticky.

mo'oka Vintr sgs: to pop up one's head (a plant that is sprouting)

ex: Hemu 'utk(<'atk) o mo'oka. Soon it is going to pop up its head. Mo'oka 'atk. It has popped up its head.

mo'okaa Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef mo'okaa]: to pop up its head reiteratedly (of a
plant that is beginning to sprout) ex: Heg 'o 'om(<'am) hab a(<va) mo'okaa, ku pi ma:c mas hascu u. It pops up its head, I do not know what (kind of a plant) it is.

mo'okam N subst sg [pl: mo:mim]: one with a head

ex: ko'okmalk mo:mim= ones with flat heads -- ge'ege mo:mim= ones with big heads -- sivok mo'okam cucul= a chicken with a tuft of feathers on its head. --si'isvok mo:mim cucul= chickens with tufts of feathers on their heads 'Aj-Mo'okam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-narrow-head)

mo'okam N subst sg [pl: mo:mim]: one with hair

ex: sto:ta mo'okam= one with white hair - - gevpk mo'okam= one with stiff hair

mo'okan Vintr sgs (for pls see moomo'okan) [Interr: mo'okana-him]: to pop up its head
(a plant that is sprouting) ex: Mo'okanahim 'ok. It is popping up its head (with interruptions)

mo'okva (dial: mo'ocvig) N indiv [pl: mo'mokva (dial: mo'mocvig)]: tadpole

ex: Smu'ij g mo'mokva. Tadpoles are numerous.

mo'omcku see N mo'ocku = pillow mo'omvup Vintr Repet sgs mult (for sing see mo'ovup): to bump one's head (against
something) in several places ex: Kutp 'am hab si 'u:gk dadedc 'ab si mo'omvup. As she keeps jumping very high, she keeps bumping her head real hard against it (the ceiling of the cave).

mo'opi'ok Vtr sgo [Neutr: def mo'opi'o; hort mo'opi'ok]: to scalp obj (same as
mo'otpig)

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mo'o/ mo'ovup mo'o N inalien indiv [pl: mo:mo'o]: head of one's bed, space between one's head and
wall when one is lying down in bed ex: 'Ab hacu:cia'a 'emo:mo'o hega'i 'ekukuiku. They each leaned their flute against the wall at the head of their beds.

mo'oc semi Stat intr sgs (for pls see mo'moc): to have one's head (on, against
something) ex: ... da:m-ka:cim ba:o mo'oc ke:k. ... (the cloud) stands (like a mountain) pressing its head against the sky.

mo'op Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see mo:mo'op) [Neutr: def mo'o; hort mo'op[]]: to
press one's head (against something); to come out (of the top of a plant)

mo'ot Vintr sgs [Neutr: def mo'ot. Interr: mo'ota-him]: to grow (of hair)
ex: Mo'otahim 'o. His hair is growing.

mo'otak (dial: mo'ostois) N alien aggreg: wild asparagus (the stems were eaten either
raw or boiled or roasted in ashes)

mo'otakag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wild asparagus in one location mo'otpig Vtr sgo [Neutr: def mo'otp; hort mo'otpig]: to scalp obj (same as mo'opi'ok) mo'ova Vintr Unit (for Repet see mo'ovup) sgs (for pls see mo:miva) [Neutr: def
and hort mo'ova. Correl: mo'ova-k; immed: mo'ova-ka-'i]: to bump one's head (against something) in one place; to lay one's head down ex: 'I 'ant gei 'ab mo'ovak 'ab 'u:st'ab. I fell having bumped my head against the tree.

mo'o-vakon Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-mo'o-vako]: to wash one's hair

ex: Nt o mo'o-vako. I'Il wash my hair.

mo'ovha N aggreg: (Engehmann's) hedgehog cactus mo'ovhaig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of hedgehog cacti in one location mo'ovup/ mo'ovop Vintr Repet (for Unit see mo'ova) sgs (for pls see mo:mivup) sing (for mult see mo'omvup) [Neutr: indef mo'ovup. Dur: mo'ovupa-d]: to bump one's
head (against something) in one place, to lay one's head down, repeatedly ex: Si dadedc ga hu mo'ovop vavt'aba'i. As she keeps jumping she keeps bumping her head against the rock (the ceiling of the cave). Ku 'ea g hab g hodai daha matp heg'ab mo'ovupc koka. Meanwhile there was (sat) the stone on which he laid down his head and slept (every night).

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mo:g/ mo:moop mo:-

mo:g in ha'icu mo:g NExpr sing [mult: ha'icu ha-mo:g]: waste, useless part(s) of
something kavh:-mo:g NComp alien: coffee grounds mu:-mo:g NComp alien: bean straw pilka-mo:g NComp alien: wheat straw

mo:gag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of useless remains of something

ex: Smo:gag 'am 'oidagc'e. It's full of straw (either wheat or beans) in the field. Smo:gag 'am 'alhait'am. It's full of straw on the threshing floor. Smo:gag 'am ta:sac'e. It's full of coffee grounds in the cup.

mo:kaj see N moho = beargrass mo:mim see N subst: mo'okam = with a head, with hair mo:miva Vintr Unit (for Repet see mo:mivup) pls (for sgs see mo'ova) [Neutr: def
and hort mo:miva]: to bump one's head (against something), to lay one's head down

mo:mivup Vintr Repet (for Unit see mo:miva) pls (for sgs see mo'ovup) [Neutr:
indef mo:mivup]: to bump one's head (against something); to lay one's head down repeatedly

mo:m see N mo'o = head, hair mo:m[] see Stat mo'o = to have a head; to have hair mo:mli (Engl: Mormon) N: a Mormon
ex: Hi vu milign. (A Mormon) is (I think) a White man.

mo:mooka Vintr pls (for sgs see mo'oka) [Neutr: def mo:mooka]: to pop up
their heads (plants that are beginning to sprout) ex: Hemu 'utk(<atk) o mo:mo'oka. Soon they are going to pop their heads up.

mo:mo'okan Vintr pls (for sgs see mo'okan) [Interr: mo:mo'okana-him]: to pop up
their heads (plants that are beginning to sprout; same as mo:mo'oka?)

mo:mo'o see N mo'o = head of one's bed mo:moop Vintr pls (for sgs see moop) [Neutr: def mo:mo'o; hort mo:mo'op[]]:
to press one's head (against something); to come out (the top of a plant)

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mo:ms/ mo:t mo:ms see N mo:s = maternal grandchild mo:ms ha'o:g NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg mo:msi-j ha'o:g)]: son-in-law;
mother-in-law

mo:msim 'e-N: a couple consisting of a maternal grandmother and a grandchild mo:msim vu Stat Expr: to be a maternal grandmother, (a woman with grandchildren)
ex: D(<vu) 'a mo:msim. I am a maternal grandmother.

mo:ms-'o'og see NComp moi-'o:g = son-in-law; mother-in-law mo:ms-'o'ogam 'e-N: a couple being son-in-law and mother-in-law to each other mo:mt Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-momto'o) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-mo:mt.
Correl: 'e-mo:mt-k; immed: 'e-mo:mt-ka-'i]: to ride double (on horseback, or donkeyback) ex: Tt o tmo:mt. The two of us will ride double 'Oia 'an hab haha 'emo:mt. Then, both of them rode double. N g o 'o(<'e)mo:mt! You both ride double! Tt o tmo:mtka'i! We'Il ride double (for a short while)! 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)mo:mtka'i! You(pl) ride double (for a short while)!

mo:mtc semi Stat reflex: to be sitting double on a mount

ex: 'Emo:mtc. They are sitting double (on horseback).

mo:mtcug Vreflex: to be moving riding double

ex: 'Emo:mtcug. They are riding double.

mo:mto'id Vdtr mult (for sing see mo:to'id) [Neutr: def mo:mto'i; hort mo:mto'id]: to
carry several loads of obj for somebody ex: Ha'i mo:mto'id g 'o'o! Get me several loads of gravel!

mo:s N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg mo:si-j); pl: mo:ms]: maternal grandchild (term
used by the mother's mother to refer to and address her daughter's children; the reciprocal term is hu'ul. The term is also used by the mother's mother's siblings to refer to and address their sister's daughter's children; the reciprocal terms are hu'ul keli and hu'ul ['oks])

mo:t see Vtr mo:to'o = to put obj on one's head in order to carry it

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mo:tc/ muadag mo:tc semi Stat tr: to have obj on one's head
ex: Ha'a mo:tc. She has an olla on her head. ... ge ku'ag-gakidag mo:tc. ... it has something like dry wood on its head (description of a deer by children who had never seen one before).

mo:tcug Vtr [Neutr: indef mo:tcug]: to be carrying obj on one's head mo:tk see Vtr mo:to'o = to put obj on one's head in order to carry it mo:tk Vtr Correl: to give obj a ride behind oneself on a horse
ex: Nt o mmo:tk. I'Il give you(sg) a ride behind me.

mo:to'id Vdtr sing (for mult see mo:mto'id) [Neutr: def mo:to'i; hort mo:to'id]: to
carry one load of obj for somebody; to put the responsibility of obj on somebody ex: Ha'i mo:to'id g 'o'o! Get me one load (either on truck or wagon) of gravel! Hegam a'i-vu:pulim 'an o mo:to'i g tlo:gi mat 'i o mel! The truck that will come here will carry those bales of hay. B(<'ab) 'at o mo:to'i g pi 'apekam. They will put the responsibility of evil on me. Pi g 'ab hu mo:to'id! Don't put the responsibility on me!

mo:to'o (assimil *mo:to'a) Vtr Unit (for Repet see momto'o) [Neutr: def mo:t; indef
mo:to'o; hort mo:to'-i. Correl: mo:t-k; immed: mo:t-ka-'i]: to put obj on one's head in order to carry it; to take the responsibility for obj ex: Nt o 'i mo:t. I'Il put it (a jar) on my head. ... 'an hab o ho(<ha)dad hegam 'a'al k o 'i hamo:t gm hu 'eki: vui. ... she will put those children there (in the carrying basket), and she will carry them to her house (the carrying basket is held by a strap around the forehead). Ka:litkaj 'ant o a 'i mo:t. I'Il carry it with the wagon. M g 'i mo:to'i! Put it on your head (to carry it)! ia k 'im hab 'i mo:tk 'im hab hi:. Well, and after putting it on her head (the strap holding the carrying basket), she left.

mu-

mua see Vtr mu'a = to kill obj mua see Vreflex 'e-mu'a = to kill oneself mua'i see Vtr mu'a = to kill obj muadag in ha'icu muadag NExpr aggreg: tassel(s)
ka:u-muadag NComp: sugar cane tassel(s) hu:-muadag NComp: corn tassel(s)

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muadag/ mul[i]n muadag s- Stat: to be full of tassels (of either corn or sugar cane) muadaj N aggreg: tassels of either corn or sugar cane (its tassels) muadkam N subst: one with tassels muadkam in ce'ecev-muadkam-pilka NComp alien aggreg: a variety of
wheat, long headed (tasseled) wheat

muadt Vintr [Neutr: def muadt. Interr: muadta-him]: to grow tassels (corn, sugar
cane) ex: Cevek 'ab o 'i muadt. After it has grown tall it will grow tassels. Si 'i muadt g hu:. The corn has grown a lot of tassels. Muadtahim 'o. It is growing tassels.

muguv Vintr: to undulate, ripple (as wheat in the wind)

ex: Muguv 'o g pilka. Wheat undulates (in the wind).

muguvdag in ha'icu muguvdag NExpr: undulation/ rippling of something

pilka-muguvdag NComp: undulation of wheat in the wind

muhaagim s- Adj sg [pl: s-mumhaagim]: brown (greasy colored)

ex: Smuhaagim 'ant o ma:sid. I'll dye it brown. Smumhaagim 'ant o ho(<ha)mamsid. I'll dye them brown.

muhaag s-Adj sg [pl: s-mumhaag]: brown (greasy colored)

ex: smuhaag lo:ba= brown material

muhaag[] s- Stat sgs [pls: s-mumhaag[]: to be brown (greasy colored)

ex: a 'a(<'o) va smuhaag. It is light brown. Si smuhaag. It is pure brown. Scukuma smuhaag. It is dark brown.

Muhaag N: name of a mountain (one of the Estrella mountains) mul see Vtr mul[i]n = to break obj mul see Vreflex 'e-mul[i]n = to break mul[i]n Vtr sgo (for plo see 'o:m[i]n) [Neutr: def mul; hort mulin; imper sgs mulna-.
Correl: mulin-k; immed: mulin-ka-'i]: to break off obj (by bending it in one try) ex: Matt g 'u:s o bek k 'am o si mul ... (to break something is) as when we take a stick in order to break it. Nt o mul g 'u:s. I'll break off a stick. Mul 'at g cekvo. He/it broke my ankle. Mul g 'ekahio. He broke his (own) leg. B(<'ab) g 'i mulin g 'u:s! Break

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mul[i]n/ mumk[]cud
off a stick! Pi g 'am mulin g 'ekahio! Don't you(sg) break your leg! ... t 'am hab g 'u:s mulink heghekaj 'am si hovinahim. ... (it is said that) having broken off a stick with it they kept poking down there (into the hole).

mul[i]n V reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'o:m[i]n) [Neutr: def 'e-mul]: to break when bent
ex: 'Emul g 'u:s. The stick broke. 'Emul g vainom. The piece of iron broke. N(<'an) g 'i dagimun 'ana'i mat 'an 'emul g nnovi! Massage me where my arm broke! Pi vo a 'emul. It (a certain kind of wood) will not break.

muli Adj sg (for pl see 'o:mi): broken

ex: muli kahiokam= one with a broken leg

muli Stat sgs (for pls see 'o:mi): to be broken

ex: No muli g mnov? Is your arm broken? Muli 'o. It is broken.

mul[i]id Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'o:m[i]id) [Neutr: def muli; hort mulid]: to break
off obj (by bending it for somebody) ex: 'I ha mulid! Break me a piece of it (a candy stick)!

muli Vtr sgo (for plo see 'o:mi) [Neutr: indef muli. Dur: muliad]: to break off obj
by bending it reiteratedly ex: Cum muli. He tried in vain to break it off (a branch).

mulig in ha'icu mulig NExpr sg (for pl see ha'icu 'o:mig): broken piece of
something kui-mulig NComp: a broken piece of mesquite

muligaj N sg (for pl see 'o:migaj): a broken piece of something specific (its

broken piece)

mumhaagim see Adv s-muhaagim = brown mumhaag see Adj s-muhaag = brown mumhaag[] see Stat s-muhaag[]: to be brown mumkidag N inalien: sickness, illness
ex: Natk o ta hi: g mumkidag? Does it look like the sickness will last long?

mumk[]cud Vtr sgo (for plo see kokoicud) [Neutr: def mumkc; hort mumk[]kud]:
to make obj get sick ex: Natk o mumkc? Is it going to make him (get) sick? Tk o mumkc. Is it going to make me (g) sick? Pt o mumkc. You're going to get me sick. mumkc 'at g ma:gina. The car got me sick. Pi g 'am mumkcud! Don't make me sick!

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mumku/ mummu mumku (redupl of *mu:ku) Vintr sgs (for pls see koko) [Neutr: indef mumku; concurs
mumku-c. Dur: mumku-d. Interr: mumku-him]: to get sick ex: M(<'am) 'a ab a(<va) 'i mumku. I am still sick. ... ku 'ea hab mumkuc 'am vo'o. Meanwhile, he was lying in bed sick. Natk o ta mumkud? Does it look like he will be sick long? Nap mumkuhim? Have you been sick? ka: 'a map mumkuhim. I hear that you've been sick.

mumkudam N subst sg (for pl see kokdam): an invalid (a sick one) mumkudam vu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu kokdam): to be an invalid
ex: B(<hab) 'o ma:s mat hema u o si mumkudamk. He looks like one who is very sick.

mumkudma s- Vintr sgs: to appear to be sick

ex: K 'ab hi smumkudma. I thought he was sick.

mumkuimk s- Stat sgs [Neutr: indef and def s-mumkuimk]: to get sick easily mumkuimkam s- N subst sg: one who gets sick easily mumla hahu:ga NExpr: a variety of corn (also called ge'ege-hu:) mummu Vtr Repet (for Unit see mu:) [Neutr: indef mummu]: to hit obj every time
(when shooting with gun or bow and arrow) ex: Heg 'o 'on(<'an) mummu g hapodkaj. He hits him/it every time with an arrow.

mummu (redupl of mu:) Vreflex [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-mummu]: to practice
shooting (with gun or bow and arrow) ex: Tt o tmummu. We'll practice shooting.

mummu (redupl of mu:) Vtr [Neutr: def and hort mummu]: to wound obj (by shooting
with gun or bow and arrow) ex: B(<vab) mummu. He just wounded it/him. Pi mu'ak ab mummu g huav. He did not kill the deer, he only wounded it. Mummu 'unt(<'ant). I wounded him/it . eid 'a g huav maptk mummu. I saw the deer that you wounded. mummu 'umt(<'amt). I was wounded by someone. Go:k 'ant hamummu g huav. I wounded two deer. Pi g 'am mummu! Don't wound it/him!

mummu (redupl of *mu:) Vtr [Neutr: indef mummu]: to miss obj, to shoot several
times when trying to kill obj, to wound obj ex: Cum hekid ab hamummu. He only wounds them (he is a bad shot and only wounds game, never killing anything).

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mummu/ muta mummu Vreflex: to practice shooting mummua N inalien: one wounded by somebody's shot (from gun or bow and arrow)
ex: eid 'a g mmummua. I saw the one wounded by you (your wounded one). eid 'a g huav hamummua. I saw a wounded deer (someone's wounded one).

mummuag see N mu:ag = wound (by bullet or arrow) mummuag see Stat mu:ag = to have a wound (by bullet or arrow) mummuagam see N subst mu:agam = one with a wound (by bullet or arrow) mummuas Stat: to be wounded (by bullet or arrow)
ex: Mummuas 'o. He is wounded.

mummukam see N subst mu:kam = one with a wound by bullet or arrow mummuvalig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-mumuvalig): to be full of flies in
various locations

mumsigo see N musigo = musician mumta see N muta = a flat dish mum[u]la see N mu:la = mule mumu see N mu: = beans mumu-hido N alien mass: beans and rice stew mumuval see N mu:val = fly mumuval hakokdaiku NExpr aggreg: fly swatter mumuval haa:mudaku NExpr: something (like a a rag) used to chase flies away mumuval haa:muddam NExpr aggreg: fly chasers (those who stand next to people
having their meals and chase the flies away)

mumuvalig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-mummuvalig): to be full of flies in
one location

musigo (Span: msico) N indiv [pl: mumsigo]: musician muta N indiv [pl: mumta]: flat dish (used for roasting wheat and making pinole)

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mu'a-/ mu'aku mu'a- Vtr Unit (for Repet see mu'ma) sgo (for plo see kokda) [Neutr: def mua; hort
mua-'i, imper sgs mu'a-, pls mu'a-vo. Correl: mu'a-k; immed: mu'a-ka-'i. Compl: mu'-ok; immed: mu'-oka'-i. Interr: mu'a-him]: to kill obj ex: Pi 'imt(<'amt) voho vo mua, sdoajk 'o. You(pl) will not be able to kill it, it's wild. Hemako 'ont(<'ant) mua g huav. I killed one deer. Bihugig mua. He died of starvation (starvation killed him). Ma:gina mua. He was killed in a car accident (a car killed him. ... ghekaj mamt o mua. ... because I will get killed (someone will kill me). ... hegam haka:k mamt gm hu mua. ... their grandmother who had been killed over there (whom someone had killed). Pi g 'am mua'i! Don't kill it/him! Mu'ahim 'o. He is in the process of killing it/him. Ha'icu o 'i hamu'ahi. He will kill anything (that he encounters on his way). Kunt o mmu'ak o mhido. I'll kill you and cook you. 'A ba:pt g tova mu'ak 'i a 'u'apa? When on earth did you bring here a turkey that you had killed? ... hema ha'icu o mu'ak 'am o 'u'apa. ... someone will kill something and take it there. ia k 'am 'i mu'ok gm hu hihi 'u:pam. Well, and after killing him they went back home. Nt o she:kigk 'am mu'oka'i. I'll be happy after I have killed it/him.

mu'a Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-kokda) [Neutr: def 'e-mua]: to kill oneself
ex: Ma:ginat'ab 'emua. He killed himself in an automobile accident (in a car).

mu'a N inalien sg (for pl see kokdai)[1st pers sg: -mu'a; 3rd pers sg: mu'a-j]: one's
kill

mu'adag s-cu Stat sgs (for pls see s-cu-ko'idag): to be good at hunting, at killing
things ex: Heg 'o scumu'adag/ha'icu smu'adag. He is good at hunting.

mu'adc N inalien sg (for pl see ko'odc) [distr: mu'madc]: corpse (of a person or an
animal that has been killed); one's first kill ex: Pi vo hu: g 'emu'adc! You(sg) will not eat your first kill! Pi vo hu: g 'emu'madc! None of you(pl) will eat your first kill!

mu'adkam s-cu N subst (for pl see s-cu-ko'idkam): one good at hunting, at killing
things

mu'adkam vu s-cu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu s-cu-ko'idkam): to be one who
is good at hunting, at killing things

mu'ajid (dial: me'id/ me'ijid) Vdtr sgo (for plo see ko'ijid) [Neutr: def mu'aj; hort
mu'ajid]: to kill obj for somebody

mu'aku N sing (for mult see kokdaiku): place where/ instrument with which one
kills something

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mu'aku/ mu'ij mu'aku in Ho'ok Mu'aku NExpr(?): name of a hill (Where the Ho'ok was killed) mu'am s- V subst tr sgo (for plo see s-kokdaim): to feel like killing obj
ex: Kavyu cum smu'am hega'i viappoi. The horse is trying to/wishes to kill that boy.

mu'i: Mod subst: much, many, a lot, a lot of

ex: Vo ma: g mu'i lial/ Mu'i vo ma: g lial. Give him a lot of money. Mu'i 'o 'om(<'am) cu:c g 'u'us. Many trees are (standing) there. 'Am 'atp ve:c g mu'i lial. There lies a lot of money. ... heghekaj mo mu'i 'i vaidasc ababa pi mu'i vo 'e'ui. ... because many are called but few are chosen (taken). Mu'i (<'a) lialga. I have a lot of money.

mu'icu N subst: high number(s), the highest number(s), score

ex: ... k 'ea heg hi a(<va) uligahim g mu'icu. ... and meanwhile, he (the boy) kept scoring the highest points (throwing the highest numbers).

mu'ida Vintr [Neutr: def mu'ida. Interr: mu'ida-him]: to become abundant, numerous, to
increase in number ex: Mu'ida 'at g 'a'al. The number of children has increased (children have become numerous). Mu'idahim 'o g kakma. The number of my grandchildren is increasing (my son's children are becoming many). Mu'idahim 'o g haivaga. My herd is increasing.

mu'idajid Vtr Unit (for Repet see mu'muidajid) [Neutr: def mu'idaj; hort
mu'idajid]: to increase the number of obj (with mass obj, see ge'edajid) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)mu'idaj g haivaga. I'll increase my herd (the number of cows). Hag-mu'idajid g 'ehaivaga! Why don't you(sg) increase your herd!

mu'i ha'icu Pron Expr: many things, a lot of things

ex: Mu'i '(<'a) ha'icu 'egid. I own many things. Mu'i 'o ha'icu 'am hab cu'ig 'am Tucsont'am. There are lots of things (to see) in Tucson.

mu'ij Quant: many of (qualifying the subject of a clause)

ex: Mu'ij 'att 'am hihi. Many of us went there. ... mamt mu'ij 'am o hihi. ... that many of you will go there. Tako 'ott(<'att) mu'ij town vui. Yesterday many of us went to town. ... mat mu'ij o dada 'ab ta'iji ... that many of them will come from upstream.

mu'ij Stat: to be abundant, numerous

ex: No mu'ij g bahidaj 'id 'ahid 'ab? Is the saguaro crop abundant this year? Mu'ij 'o. It is abundant. Nam mu'ij 'am 'evatto 'ama'i? Are you many at your cactus camp? Mu'ij 'ac. We are many. Pi 'ic(<'ac) mu'ij. We are not many. Vab si mu'ij. It's too much/ there are too many of them. Pi 'o a 'i mu'ij g 'o'o. There is not enough sand. Cum 'o mu'ijkahim. It/they used to be abundant.

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mu'ij/ mu'uk mu'ij s- Stat: to be extremely abundant, numerous

ex: ... 'am smu'ij hega'i 'ihug. ... devilsclaw bushes are extremely abundant down there.

mu'ik[h]o/ mu'ikko Adv: many times, often

ex: Mu'ikho 'ont(<'ant) 'am a(<va) 'i hi:. I have been there many times (already). Mu'ikho pi 'ap havo:gid hegam 'a'al. Often they are a bad example for the children. Nam mu'ikho pipiast? Do you(pl) feast often?

mu'ikhon da:m Adv Expr: over and over again, repeatedly (same as mu'in da:m)
ex: Nt o mehi g kanjul mu'ikhon da:m. I'll light up the candle again and again.

mu'ikpa Adv: in many ways

ex: Mu'ikpa hab 'e'a'aga. It has many names (it is called in many ways).

mu'in da:m Adv Expr subst: over and over again (same as mu'ikhon da:m) mu'ipa Adv subst: in many places
ex: Mu'ipa 'o 'o(<'e)vapccvi. Swimming is done in many places (along the coast).

mu'ma Vtr Repet (for Unit see mu'a-) sgo [Neutr: indef mu'ma. Dur: mu'ma-d]: to kill
obj repeatedly

mu'madc see N mu'adc = one's first kill mu'muidad Vimpers tr Repet [Neutr: indef mu'muidad]: to increase obj repeatedly
ex: Si mu'muidad g nsisvaag. It increases my saliva each time.

mu'muidajid Vtr Repet (for Unit see mu'idajid) [Neutr: indef mu'muidajid]: to
accumulate obj (with mass nouns obj see gegedajid)

mu'ok, mu'oka'i see Vtr mu'a- = to kill obj mu'uk s- Adv sg [pl: s-mu'umk]: pointed, sharp
ex: Nap eid g smu'uk do'ag gn hu? Do you see that pointed mountain over there?

mu'uk s- Stat sgs [pls: s-mu'umk]: to be pointed, sharp

ex: Mo g vainom. (to be sharp is) what a knife is. Smu'uk 'o hega'i do'ag. That mountain is pointed. Smu'umk 'o. They are pointed.

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mu'uka/ mu'ukug mu'uka Vintr sgs (for pls see mu'umka) [Neutr: def mu'uka. Interr: mu'uka-him]: to
become pointed, sharp ex: Mu'uka 'at g la:bis. The pencil is pointed. M(<'am) 'at a(<va) mu'uka. It's sharp enough (now). Mu'ukahim 'o g vainomi. The knife is getting sharp.

mu'uka Vimpers tr sing (for mult see mu'umka) [Neutr: def mu'uka. Interr: mu'ukahim]: to make obj get a pimple ex: Tk o mu'uka. It will make me get a pimple (it will give me a pimple).

mu'ukad Vtr sgo (for plo see mu'umkad) [Neutr: def and hort mu'ukad]: to sharpen
obj (same a mu'ukaid) ex: Nt o 'i mu'ukad g la:bis. I'll sharpen my pencil. Nt o mu'ukad g vainomga. I'll sharpen my knife.

mu'uk[a]daku in ha'icu mu'uk[a]daku NExpr indiv [pl: ha'icu

mu'umk[a]daku]: instrument with which to sharpen something la:bis-mu'ukadaku NComp: pencil sharpener vainomi-mu'ukadaku NComp: knife sharpener

mu'ukaid Vtr sgo (for plo see mu'umkaid) [Neutr: def mu'ukai; hort mu'ukaid]: to
sharpen obj (same as mu'ukad)

mu'ukalig N inalien indiv [sg(1rst pers sg: -mu'ukalig) pl: mu'umkalig]: pimple mu'ukam s- Adv sg [pl: s-mu'umkam]: pointed
ex: 'Al smu'ukam haki:c. He built them a somewhat pointed house (a cage). 'Al smu'umkam haki:c. He built each one of them a somewhat pointed house.

mu'ukdag in ha'icu mu'ukdag NExpr indiv [pl: ha'icu mu'umkdag]: blade

gi:ki-mu'ukdag NComp: plow share hava-mu'ukdag NComp: pocketknife blade vainomi-mu'ukdag NComp: knife blade 'o:sa-mu'ukdag NComp: sickle blade

mu'ukdaj N sg: blade of a specific instrument (its blade) mu'uk[h]o (dial: mu'uk[h]u) Vintr sgs [Neutr: def mu'ukho. Interr: mu'ukho'him]: to
become dull, blunt ex: Mu'ukho 'ot(<'at) g la:bis. The pencil has gotten dull.

mu'ukug s- Stat sgs [pls: s-mu'umkug]: to be sharp

ex: Smu'ukug 'o g la:bis. My pencil is sharp.

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mu'ukugam/ mu: mu'ukugam s- Mod sg [pl: s-mu'umkugam]: sharp

ex: Smu'ukugam ma:s. It looks sharp. smu'ukugam vainomgakam= one with a sharp knife

mu'umk see Adj s-mu'uk = pointed mu'umk see Stat s-mu'uk = to be pointed mu'umka Vintr pls (for sgs see mu'uka) [Neutr: def mu'umka. Interr: mu'umka-him]:
to become pointed, sharp

mu'umka Vimpers tr mult (for sing see mu'uka) [Neutr: def mu'umka. Interr:
mu'umka-him]: to make obj get pimples, goose pimples ex: mu'umka. It gave me goose pimples (made me get goose pimples).

mu'umkad Vtr plo (for (for sgs see mu'ukad) [Neutr: def, hort and indef mu'umkad]:
to sharpen obj (same as mu'umkaid)

mu'umkaid Vtr plo (for sgo see mu'ukaid) [Neutr: def mu'umkai; hort and indef
mu'umkaid]: to sharpen obj (same as mu'umkad)

mu'umkalig see N mu'ukalig = pimple mu'umkam see Adv s-mu'ukam = pointedly mu'umkug see Stat s-mu'ukug = to be sharp mu'umk-'a'atam-ha:l NComp aggreg: a variety of squash (squash-with-pointedbottoms)

mu'umuvij see Adv s-mu:vij = wedge-shaped, triangularly mu'umuvijk see Stat s-mu:vijk = to be wedge-shaped, triangular

mu:-

mu: see Vintr mu:k- = to die mu: Vtr Unit (for Repet see mu:mmu) [Neutr: def mu:; hort mu:-'i]: to shoot and hit
obj (with bullet or arrow)

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mu:/ mu:kig
ex: Pi 'intk(<'antk) o mu: g huav. I won't be able to hit the deer. Nt o mmu:. I'll shoot you(sg). Pi g 'an hu mu:'i! Don't shoot him/it (in the back or side)! Pi g 'ab hu mu:'i! Don't shoot me (in front)!

mu:ag N inalien sg [pl: mummuag]: wound (by bullet or arrow) mu:ag Stat sing
[mult: mummuag]: to have a wound (by bullet or arrow) mu:agam N subst sing [mult: mummuagam]: one with a wound (by bullet or arrow) (same as mu:kam)

mu:kam N subst sing [mult: mummukam]: one with a wound (by bullet or arrow)
(same as mu:agam)

mu:gi'a Vintr [Neutr: def, hort, and indef mu:gi'a; imper sgs mu:gi'a-]: to sit
motionlessly (old word) ex: 'Am havui mu:gi'a. He is sitting motionlessly facing them.

mu:k- Vintr sgs (for pls see ko'o) [Neutr: def mu:; hort mu:k; imper mu:ki-. Correl:
mu:-k; immed: mu:-ka-'i. Interr: mu:k[i]-him]: to die ex: Mat hekid o pi 'i:bhe, k heg hab 'e'a'aga "mu: 'at". Of one who does not breathe one says "he died". Hemu 'ut(<'at) o mu:. He is going to die soon. Pi 'i(<'a) 'e:bid mant o mu:. I am not afraid of dying. B(<vab) 'am si mu:. He died suddenly (as of a heart attack). Mu: bihugimk. He died of starvation (from getting starved). Mu: tonomk. He died of thirst (from getting thirsty). Pi g 'am mu:k! Don't die! Mu:khim 'o. He is dying. Hemu 'u(<'o) mu:khim. Right now he is dying. Mu:ka'ik haha 'ap(<'ep) 'ecegto. He died and immediately after he came back to life.

mu:k- g maad VExpr: there is an eclipse of the moon

ex: T mu: g maad. There was an eclipse of the moon (hearsay).

mu:k- in opol mu:k- VExpr sgs: to faint, pass out (see also s-'e-cuhugid)
ex: opol mu:. He fainted (he died for a short time).

mu:k- in vab mu:k- g 'e-cu:kug VExpr sgs: to become paralyzed

ex: B(<vab) 'i mu: g ncu:kug. I am paralyzed (my body just died).

mu:kig in ha'icu mu:kig NExpr sg (for pls see ha'icu ko'idag): carcass, dead
remnant (of an animal or a plant that has died of natural causes) ex: ... c heg 'an 'ep 'oimme mat ha'icu mu:kig vo hu:. ... and that one (a buzzard) also moves around and eats carcasses. haiva-mu:kig NComp: corpse of a cow, a dead cow

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mu:kig/ mu:gakam
maad-mu:kig NComp[loc: maad-mu:kig-c-'e]: last quarter of the moon (same as maad-huhugig) 'auppa-mu:kig NComp: a dead cottonwood tree

mu:kigaj N: corpse, dead remnant of a specific entity (its corpse)

ex: ... mo 'om(<'am) vo'o hega'i mu:kigaj. ... whose corpse is lying down there.

mu:kigk in 'Auppa Mu:kigk subst NExpr(?): name of a village (where there is a

dead cottonwood tree)

mu:k N inalien sg (for pl see ko'i): corpse, dead body (of a person that has died of
natural causes) ex: Pi 'i(<'a) 'e:bid g mu:k. I am not afraid of a corpse. -- Hega'i mu:k 'u:pam o 'ecegto. The dead one will come back to life.

mu:k vu Stat Expr sgs (for pls see vu ko'i): to be a corpse, a dead one
ex: ... hega'i matp u mu:k. ... that one who might be a corpse.

mu:k Adv sg: dead mu:k 'i ge: VExpr Unit intr sgs: to bowl one over with surprise (to fall dead) mu:la (Span: mula) N alien indiv [sg (1rst pers sg -mu:la=ga); pl: mum[u]la]: mule mu: N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg -mu:=ga]; distr: mumu]: beans
ex: Pi 'o ha'i vi'is g mu:. There are not any beans left. ge'ege-mu: NComp alien aggreg: long red beans (a variety of beans, also called vepeg-mu:)

mu:ame Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def mu:am; hort mu:ame]: to go after beans mu: bi: NExpr inalien[ 1rst pers sg: mu: -bi:; 3rd pers sg: mu: bi:-j]: a plateful of
beans

mu:ga Stat: to have beans

ex: Nap ha'i mu:ga? Do you have some beans?

mu:ga s- Stat: to have a lot of beans mu:gakam N subst: one having beans
Muadk-Mu:gakam NComp(?): a nickname (the-one-with-the-wrinkled-beans)

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mu:-/ mu:vijk mu:-hido NComp alien mass [(1st pers sg -mu:-hido=ga); distr: mu:-hihido]:
bean stew ex: Ha bia g mu:-hido! Dish out some of the bean stew! Vo bibbia g 'emu:hihidoga! Each one of you will dish out your own bean stew!

mu:ig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of beans in one location mu:-mo:g NComp alien: bean straw mu:-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: bean pod(s); string beans
pi:ndo-mu: NComp alien aggreg: a variety of beans, Pinto beans (also called s'o'oimu:) to:ta-mu: NComp alien aggreg: a variety of beans, Navy beans vepeg-mu: NComp alien aggreg: a variety of beans (long red beans; also called ge'ege-mu:) s'o'oi-mu: NComp alien aggreg: Pinto beans, a variety of beans (also called pi:ndomu:)

mu:s N inalien: vagina (also called u:d)

ex: 'U'uv hi 'egid hega'i ma u mu:s. Women have that which is called vagina.

mu:val (dial: mu:valum) N indiv [pl: mumuval]: fly, insect of the fly or bee type
ex: Smu'ij g mumuval 'ama'i. Flies are numerous down there. Hegam mo 'in 'oiyopo ki:c'e mo ha'icu 'iajid. (Flies are) those that go around in the house, that are on things. Pi ke:gaj 'i:da'a mumuval, 'u'ukc g mumkidag c cum hascu 'iajid. They are no good these flies, they carry diseases and they are on everything. ce:dag-mu:val NComp indiv: a dangerous variety of flies (green fly) ko:mag-mu:val NComp indiv: a dangerous variety of flies (grey fly)

mu:valcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-mu:valc; hort 'e-mu:valcud]: to turn into a fly mu:val-sitol NComp alien mass [1st pers sg: -mu:val-sitol=ga]= honey (also called
pan:l-sitol) sisto'oltdam-mu:val NComp indiv: honey bee (also called pan:l)

mu:vij s- Adv sg [pl: s-mu'umuvij]= wedge-shaped, in the shape of a triangle

ex: Smu:vij o hikc! Cut it in the shape of a triangle! Smu'umuvij o hikkumi'o! Cut it (material) in triangles!

mu:vijk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-mu:vijk); pls: s-mu'umuvijk]= to be wedgeshaped, triangular

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mu:'i/ naipijhu mu:'i see Vtr mu: = to hit obj (when shooting at it with gun or bow and arrow)

na-

nagia Vtr Unit (for Repet see nangi'a) sgo (for plo see na:ngi'a) [Neutr: def and hort
nagia. Correl: nagia-k; immed: nagia-ka-'i. Compl: nagia-yok; immed: nagia-yoka-'i. Interr: nagia-him]: to hang up obj ex: Nt o nagia g liva. I'll hang up my coat. 'ab o nagia silt'aba'i! Hang it on the saddle! 'An g nagia! Hang it (on it)! 'Am g nagia closet-c'e! Hang it up in the closet! Ha'icu 'i hahu:c 'in 'i nagiahi 'e'ab. She had hung a row of hooves on herself.

nagia Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-na:ngi'a): to hang on to something

ex: Nt o nnagia vijinat'ab. I'll hang on to the rope. Si 'i(<'e)nagia 'ab vopo 'ab! Hang on tight to its mane!

nagia Stat intr [sgs (Neutr: indef nagia. Interr: nagia=ka-him); pls: na:ngi'a]: to be
hanging ex: M 'o nagia. It is hanging there. M 'o na:ngi'a. They are hanging there. Vonomij 'an nagia g'aba'i. His hat is hanging on it. g'ab a(<va) na:ngi'a g 'egaj. His outfit was hanging on it (hearsay)

nagiacug Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-na:ngi'acug) [Neutr: indef 'e-nagiacug. Dur: 'enagiacuga-d]: to be hanging on to something moving (such as a car, a horse)

nagiak in Si:l Nagiak NExpr: a village (where a saddle is hanging) nagiakc semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-na:ngi'akc) [Neutr: indef nagiakc. Dur:
nagiakci-d]: to be holding on to something that is hanging

nagiaku N inalien indiv [pl: na:ngi'aku]: cradle; clothes hanger nahagio N indiv [pl: nanhagio]: mouse
ex: Smu'ij g nanhagio 'ama'i. There are lots of mice down there.

nai see Vintr na:d = to make a fire naipijhu see N navoj = friend; brother or male cousin naipijhu see Stat navoj = to have a friend naipijhu see Stat Expr vu navoj = to be somebody's friend

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naipijhukim/ nakog naipijhukim 'e- N [pl: 'e-na'naipijhukim]: a pair of friends, brothers, cousins (same as
'e-veponkam)

naipijhukim vu 'e- Stat Expr [pls: vu 'e-na'naipijhukim]: to be a pair of friends,

brothers, cousins ex: D(<vu) 'o 'enaipijhukim.They are a pair of friends. Nakaijigel N: name of a mountain (pierced ear)

nako see Vtr nakog = to stand, resist, endure obj nako see Vreflex 'e-nakog = to make an effort, to exert oneself nako see Vreflex 'e-nakog = to be able to do something nako see Vreflex 'e-nakog = to get ready nakog V [Neutr: def nako; indef nakog; concurs nakog-c Dur: nakoga-d. Interr:
nakog[i]-him]: to stand, resist, endure, obj ex: Napt o a(<va) nako? Will you be able to stand it? Pt o si nako! Try as hard as you can to stand it! Nt o si nako. I'll try as hard as I can to stand it. Heg 'at o si mu'i ha'icu nako k haha pi vo 'enako. He'Il endure a lot of things before he gives up. 'Atp 'oia ha'i pi 'i nako g navait ... But some had not been able to stand the wine ... Kut 'i hab 'i pi nako g hemajkam. At this point the people could no longer stand it. Tp 'am 'i pi hanako hega'i Ha:a. Saguaro could not stand them any longer. Begi 'am 'i pi nako ... Well, she gave in to him ... a:cu 'upt 'ab o 'i nnako? You'Il be powerless against me (how could you resist me?). Nakoghim 'a. I am suffering through it. Heg 'o mu'i ha'icu nakoghim. He's going through a lot. M g 'i 'ep nakoghim! Stand it for a while longer! Mu'i ha'icu nakog 'a. I am going through a lot (of suffering). Heg 'a nakogc 'i a ki:dag. I live here accepting my fate. Nt o si nakogad. I'll try as hard as I can to keep on enduring it. Mat hems ha'icu sko'ok pi vo nakogc o oakad. Someone unable to stand something painful, cries.

nakog s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef snakog; def snakog=k. Dur: snakog=ka-d. Interr:
snakog=ka-him]: to be good at standing, enduring, obj ex: Nap a(<va) snakog g sko'ok? Are you good at standing pain? Heg 'o snakog g sko'ok. He is good at standing pain. Pi 'i(<'a) nakog g sko'ok. I am not good at standing pain. Nap snakog g sto? Are you good at standing the heat? M(<'am) 'apt o a snakogkad? Will you be able to stand it? Cum 'a snakogkahim g sto. I used to be able to stand the heat.

nakog s-cu Stat Expr: to have strength of character, will power

ex: Scunakogc pi vo a 'i oa. Havinge strength of character he will not cry. Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu nakog. I have no strength of character.

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nakog/ nakogdam nakog Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-nako; indef 'e-nakog; hort 'e-nakog. Correl: 'e-nakog-k;
immed: 'e-nakog-ka-'i. Dur: 'e-nakoga-d. Interr: 'e-nakog[i]-him]: to make an effort, to exert oneself ex: M g si 'i 'enakog! Make a real effort! N(<'an) 'o 'o(<'e)nakoghim. He is exerting himself. Cum 'i 'enakog mat o io. He is exerting himself in vain to talk. M g ab 'i 'i(<'e)nakogad! Keep on making an effort! M g 'i 'i(<'e)nakogk o vam! Make an effort to get up! ... has 'i masma vo 'enakogk o mua hega'i viappoi. ... he will try all he can to kill the boy.

nakog Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-nankog) [Neutr: def 'e-nako; indef 'e-nakog.
Correl: 'e-nakog-k; immed: 'e-nakog-ka-'i]: to be able to do something ex: 'A:pi 'ap 'enakog mapt o ndoaj. You are the one who is able to cure me. Kuptp o 'enakogk 'am hab o ju: hega'i k haha vo bei g 'alidag. If you can do that, then you will get my child. ... nakogk pi ha'ui. ... because you were not able to get them. 'A:i vu cum 'alic ababa nnakogk 'a:i 'ab 'i hahuhus. Although I am a child, I was able to bring them down. Pi o a 'i nnako mat heghekaj 'i a u:kudac 'i:da'a. I can't (go) because he asked me to look after this. 'Ab 'att 'i pi tnako mats has masma ha'icu vo cikp. We can't do any work under these conditions. B(<hab) 'a cum vuihimc hemu pi vo nnako. I used to do it (constantly) but now I can't. 'A:pi 'apt o 'enako mapt o ndoaj. You will be able to cure me. Napt hig o 'enako? What makes you think that you can (do it)?

nakog Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-nako; indef 'e-nakog; hort 'e-nakog. Correl: 'e-nakog-k;
immed: 'e-nakog-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-nakogi-ok; immed: 'e-nakogi-oka-'i. Dur: 'e-nakoga-d]: to get ready ex: Kutt 'am o 'i tnako 'ab g'amje hega'i mo 'i hab 'e'a:g. Let's get ready with respect to that which has been said. 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)nakog! You(pl) get ready (take your time)! 'E-g-o-'i-'enakog! You(pl) get ready (right away)! 'E-g-nakogioka'i! You(sg) get ready first (before doing anything else!)! Nnakog 'a. I am getting ready. Kutsp 'enakog hegam hemajkam ... The people were getting ready ... Nt o nnakogad. I'll be getting ready. 'I 'ant ab o 'i me:nad 'apt o 'i 'enakogk. Hekid 'am o 'i 'ena:to, tt o hihi. I'll wait for you here while you are getting ready. When you are ready, we'll go. Kutt hemu 'am o 'i tnakogk hab a(<va) masma hab 'ep hi o juk o ho(<ha) bei g cu:kug. Soon we'll be ready to do the same (as he did) in order to get some meat. Ha'icu u hega'i mant ghekaj 'am o 'i nnakogk 'am o a(<va) hi:. There is something I want to get myself ready about before I go there.

nakogdam s-cu N subst: one who has strength of character, will power nakogdam in pi ha'icu nakogdam subst NExpr: one with no strength of character,
no will power ex: ... hegam mo (<vu) pi ha'icu nakogdam 'o'odham. ... those who are men without strength of character.

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nakosig/ nalanakosig s- N: uproar, din

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id g snakosig. I don't like noise. 'id'ea snakosig= in this uproar

nakosig s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-nakosig; def s-nakosig=-k. Dur: s-nakosig=ka-d);
pls: s-nankosig]: to be extremely noisy, boisterous ex: Snakosig 'o g ma:gina. The car makes a din. 'A'al 'o snankosig. Children are boisterous. Pi 'int(<'ant) o nakosigk. I won't be noisy.

nakpig Vtr sgo (for plo see nankpig) [Neutr: def nakpi; hort nakpig]: to take a piece
off of the ear of obj, to earmark obj ex: Nt o nakp. I'll earmark it. Nakpiga! Earmark it!

nakel N indiv [pl: nankel]: scorpion

ex: Ge cev bahikc ababa 'am a(<va) ke:c g 'e'u:s 'ebahi 'an hekaj hakeke, hacu'aka. It has a strange long tail but there is a stinger on its tail with which it bites or stings people.

nakel in u:dagc'e-nakel NComp indiv [pl: u:dagc'e-nankel]: lobster

ex: Smu'ij g u:dagc'e-nankel 'ama'i m'am ge shohodaig. There are many lobsters over there where there are rocks.

nakelig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-nankelig): to be full of scorpions (in one
location)

nakvaag N inalien mass (3rd pers sg nakva[a]ga-j); distr: nankvaag]: ear wax nakvaag N: pistil of a flower nakvaag in vu:lo-nakvaag NComp aggreg: walnuts nakvaag s- Stat: to have a lot of ear wax (in one's ears)
ex: Snakvaag 'ap. You have a lot of ear wax (in your ears). Pi ha nakvaag. He he does not do what he is told (does not have any ear wax).

nala (Span: naranja) N alien aggreg [distr: nan[a]la]: orange tree; orange (also called
nala-bahidag) ex: Hehe'ekia 'amt 'i 'u:'u g nala? How many oranges did each one of you pick?

nala-bahidag NComp alien aggreg: orange (also called simply nala) nala-ba:kam NComp [loc: nala-ba:kam-c-'e]: orange season
ex: 'E'ai g nala-ba:kam. It's now the orange season.

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nala-/ namkid nala-vaag NComp alien mass [sg(1st pers sg: n-nala-vaag=ga); distr: nanalavapag]: orange juice ex: 'I bek g nnala-vaagga! Bring (me) my orange juice!

nala-vaagga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's orange juice

ex: 'Id 'o heg u nala-vaaggaj. This is his orange juice.

nala-vaag[]cud VComp tr [Neutr: def nala-vaagc; hort nala-vaagcud]: to

make orange juice for obj ex: Napt 'am ha nnala-vaagc? Did you make me some orange juice? M(<'am) g ha nnala-vaagcud! Could you(sg) make me some orange juice!

nam see Vtr namk- = to meet obj namk, namka'i see Vtr namk- = to meet obj namk- Vtr Unit (for Repet see nanamek) [Neutr: def nam; imper sgs namka-/
namki-; hort namk. Correl: nam-k; immed: nam-ka-'i. Compl: namki-ok; immed: namki-oka-'i. Interr: namk[i]-him.]: to meet obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) koi a 'i nam hega'i 'o'odham. I never met this fellow before. M 'ant hanam. I met them. M 'at nnam. They met me. Shoho'id 'a mant o ho(<ha)nam g hemajkam. I like to meet people. Tp 'ea hab 'eju: k g hevel nam. What he then did was to meet the wind (he became a wind-meeter). M g nnamk Tucsont'am! Meet me in Tucson! Nnamkhim 'o. He is about to meet me (coming towards me). Ga hu namk 'am bei ... Having met him (who was coming this way) she took it (the pole with the scalp of her enemy) ... 'Am o namk 'at 'ab o 'evui gegokiva. Having met her, they will stand facing each other.

namkam N subst: one who meets an entity

ba'ag-namkam NComp: eagle-meeter cuku-namkam NComp: owl-meeter hevel-namkam NComp: wind-meeter hevel namkam vu Stat Expr: to be a wind-meeter ex: Heg 'o (<vu) hevel namkam. He is a wind-meeter. viag-namkam NComp: hawk-meeter vuihom-namkam NComp: thunder-meeter

namkid Vtr Unit (for Repet see nanamekid) [Neutr: def namki; hort namkid]: to
splice obj ex: Nt o namk g vijina. I'll splice my rope. B g namkid! (Why don't you) splice it!

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namkid/ namkig namkid Vtr sgo (for plo see na:nkid) [Neutr: def namk; hort namkid]: to match obj
(in games of chance) ex: 'Apt 'oi vo namk 'i:da'a! Go ahead and match this! Nt hab a(<va) ves 'ab o namk hega'i mapt he'ekia 'i ha'icu ge:g. I will match exactly the amount you've won from me. 'Oi g namkid 'i:da'a! Go ahead and match this!

namkid Vtr Unit (for Repet see nanamekid) [Neutr: def, hort and indef namkid. Dur:
namkida-d. Interr: namkida-him]: to pay obj ex: Hekid 'apt o 'i nnamkid? When are you(sg) going to pay me? Nt o 'om(<'em)namkid si'alim. I'll pay you(pl) tomorrow. Mapp o sbehimk hega'i kavyu k o nnamkid, nt o mbehi. If you want to get that horse and pay me, I'll get it for you. Namkida! Pay him! Ha-g-namkid! Pay them! Namkid 'at g haivakaj. He paid him with a cow. Namkid 'a ves takaj. I pay him every day. M g ab namkidad! Keep on paying him (regularly)! Cum s'ap nnamkidahim. He used to pay me well. 'Ab 'i cum nnamkidahi. He used to has pay me (off and on).

namkida N inalien[loc: namkida-c-'e]: act of paying somebody, payday namkida vu Stat Expr: to be payday
ex: D(<vu) 'o namkida 'id 'i takaj. It's payday today.

namkidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def namkidac; hort namkidacud]: to splice obj for somebody
ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o namkidac g vijinaj. I'll splice his rope for him. B g nnamkidacud g vijina! (Could you) splice my rope for me!

namkidaag N inalien [3rd pers sg namkidaa-j]: payment (in return for what one has
done, either punishment or reward)

namkidaag vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's payment (either punishment or reward)

ex: B(<vab) u mnamkidaag. It's just your punishment. Vu o mnamkidaagk. It will be your reward.

namkig in ha'icu namkig NExpr inalien: price (of something)

haiva ha-namkig NExpr: the price of cattle ex: 'I ceajid g haiva hanamkig! Raise the price of cattle!

namkig Stat sgs [pls: nanamkig]: to cost a certain amount of money

ex: K he'ekia namkig 'i:da'a? How much does this cost? K he'ekia 'i nanamkig 'idam? How much do these things cost each?

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namkig/ nanamek namkig s- Stat sgs: to be expensive, costly

ex: M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) a snamkig. / a 'a(<'o) va snamkig. It is quite expensive. B(<vab) si snamkig. It's too expensive. Pi 'o namkig. It is not expensive. Hema 'ant behi g 'ipu mo snamkig. I got me a dress that is expensive.

namkigcud Vtr [Neutr: def namkigc; hort namkigcud]: to price, give a price to obj
ex: Nt o a(<va) namkigc. I'll price it. M g namkigcud! (Why don't you) give it a price!

namkig ha'icu s- NExpr: something valuable

ex: Pi g o a 'i hama:k cum 'as he'ekia snamkig ha'icu vo 'emma:! Don't you(pl) give it to them no matter how valuable a thing they give you(pl) in exchange.

namkig ha'icu vu s- Stat Expr: to be something valuable

ex: ..matp hascu u 'i ha'ega mo (<vu) snamkig ha'icu. ..whatever they owned of value.

namk see Vtr namk- = to meet obj namk see Vtr namkid = to splice obj namk see Vtr namkid = to match obj (in games of chance) nanakmel N aggreg: bat
ex: Mo g hahagio ma:s c ababa ge 'al 'a'an. (A bat is that) which looks like a mouse but (unexpectedly) has wings.

nanakmelig (dial: nanakmelag) s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-nannakmelig):
to be full of bats (in one location)

nan[a]la see N nala = orange tree; orange nanameiku N inalien: meeting place nanamek Vtr Repet (for Unit see namk-) [Neutr: nanamek; concurs nanamek-c. Dur:
nanameka-d. Interr: nanameka-him]: to meet obj repeatedly ex: Ves takaj 'a nanamek. I meet him every day. .. hema 'ab nanamekc 'ab 'uli g 'enov. ..every time he meets one of them he stretches out his hands towards him. 'Ab hihhimc 'am nanamek hega'i. He keeps walking (in and out) and meeting her. Nt o a(<va) mnanamekad. I'll be meeting you repeatedly. Cum 'a nanamekahim. I used to meet him repeatedly.

nanamek Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-na:namk-) [Neutr: indef 'e-nanamek]: to
meet each other repeatedly

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nanamekid/ nanhapid nanamekid Vtr Repet (for Unit see namkid) [Neutr: indef nanamekid]: to splice obj
repeatedly ex: Nanamekid 'a g vijina. I (always) splice my rope.

nanamekid Vtr Repet (for Unit see namkid) [Neutr: indef nanamekid. Dur:
nanamekida-d. Interr: nanamekida-him]: to pay obj repeatedly ex: Ves takaj 'a nanamekid. I pay him every day. M g ab 'i nanamekidad! Keep on paying him each time! Cum s'ap nnanamekidahim. He used to pay me well each time. 'Ab 'i cum nnanamekidahi. He used to pay me (off and on).

nanamkig see Stat namkig = to cost a certain amount of money nan[a]va see N nava = pocket knife nanavijhu see N navijhu = ceremonial clown nangi'a Vtr Repet (for Unit see nagia) sgo (for plo see na:ngi'a) [Neutr: indef
nanagi'a]: to hang up obj repeatedly ex: Pi hekid nangi'a g 'eliva. He never hangs up his coat.

nanhagio N inalien aggreg [distr: nannhagio]: earrings nanhagio see N nahagio = mouse nanhagiog s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-nannhagiog): to be full of mice (in a
single location)

nanha see Vtr nanhap = to fold obj nanhac see VExpr reflex 'e-na:c daha = to be sitting on one heel nanhap Vtr Unit (for Repet see nanhaap) mult or plo (for sing or sgo see na:p-)
[Neutr: def nanha; impers sgs nanhapa-/ nanhapi-]: to fold obj ex: Nt o 'i hananha g 'ega. I'll fold my clothes. Nt o 'i nanha g pilsa. I'll fold my blanket several times over. 'I nanhap! Fold it several times over! 'I hananhap! Fold them (several times over)!

nanhap Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-nanha]: to become wrinkled

ex: Tk o 'om(<'am) a 'i 'enanha. He has started getting wrinkled.

nanhapid Vdtr mult [Neutr: def nanhap; hort nanhapid]: to fold obj for somebody,
to make several pleats to obj for somebody, to make a hem to several obj for somebody

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nanhaap/ nanto nanhaap Vtr Repet (for Unit see nanhap) mult or plo (for sing or sgo see naap) [Neutr: indef nanhaap. Dur: nanhaapa-d]: to fold obj repeatedly
ex: Pt o 'i nanhaapad g pilsa c gmhu vab o ceckad. You will fold the blanket each time and just put it away.

nankog Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-nakog) [Neutr: indef 'e-nankog] to be able to
do something repeatedly ex: 'A:pi 'ap u a(<va) 'i map 'enankog map ndoddajid. You are the only one who is able to cure me each time. 'Am hehe'ejel cum bebbhe g 'uv c 'am pi 'i(<'e)nankog. One after the other they (young men) try in vain to get the girl all by themselves and they fail each time (they cannot do it).

nankosig see of Stat s-nakosig = to be extremely noisy, boisterous nankpig Vtr plo (for sgo see nakpig) [Neutr: def nankp]: to take a piece of the ear of
obj, to earmark obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)nankp. I'll earmark them.

nankpo N: hair in the ears nankel see N nakel = scorpion nankelig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-nakelig): to be full of scorpions in
various locations

nankvaag see N nakvaag = ear wax nannakmelig (dial: nannakmelag) s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see snanakmelig): to be full of bats in various locations nannhagio see N nanhagio = earrings nannhagiog s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-nanhagiog): to be full of mice in
various locations

nansidaku see N na:sidaku = rake, harrow nanto Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-na:to) [Neutr: def 'e-nanto]: to get through with
what one is doing ex: Namt 'enanto? Is each one of you through?

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nanto/ naap nanto Vtr Repet (for Unit see na:to) [Neutr: indef nanto]: without 'i: to make obj
several times in succession, repeatedly; with 'i: to finish obj several times in succession, repeatedly ex: Hekid 'ap 'i nanto g 'ecikpan? When do you finish your chores each time?

nanto Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-na:to) [Neutr: indef 'e-nanto]: to get through
with what one is doing repeatedly ex: Hekid 'ap 'i i(<'e)nanto? When do you get through? Gi'ik 'e 'a ha'as cikpan ma nnanto. I stop work at four (I stop working when I am through). 'Am hekid 'i ' i(<'e)nanto? When does each one of you get through?

nantokc semi Stat reflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-na:tokc) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'enantokc. Dur: 'e-nantokci-d]: to be prepared, ready (in various locations) ex: ... cum 'enantokc mat o vipiayo. ... each one of them was ready in vain to go hunting.

nanvait Vintr and tr Repet (for Unit see navait) [Neutr: indef nanvait. Dur: nanvaitad]: to make saguaro wine; to make wine out of obj repeatedly

nanvait Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-navait) [Neutr: indef 'e-nanvait]: to be made
(of saguaro wine) repeatedly

nanvaitaku see N navaitaku = olla used for fermenting saguaro fruit juice nanvodt (redupl of navodt) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-nanvodt]: to make friends with each
other, to become friends ex: 'I 'enanvodt. They became friends. 'I tnanvodt 'att. We became friends.

napal in VExpr s-napal daha sgs [pls: s-na'anpal daha]: to sit with one's legs folded
on one side

napa Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef napak); pls: na'anpak]: to be limp, crumpled, deflated
ex: B(<'ab) hi a(<va) 'al napak. She is a somewhat crumpled thing (an old woman).

napaka Vintr sgs: to become limp, squishy napakad Vtr sgo: to make obj limp, to deflate obj naap Vtr Repet (for Unit see na:p-) sing or sgs mult or pl see nanhaap) [Neutr:
indef naap. Dur: naapa-d]: to fold obj over repeatedly

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natto/ naumkam natto Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-na:to) [Neutr: indef 'e-natto]: to get through
with what one is doing repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i 'enatto? When do you get through?

naum see Vintr naumk = to get drunk naumadkam s- Adj: intoxicating, inebriating (same as s-noagigam) naumam (assim of *navmam) s- V subst [sgs (Neutr: indef s-naumam); pls: snavko'ima]: to feel like getting drunk ex: Snaumam 'o. He is in the mood to get drunk. Nap snaumam? Are you(sg) in the mood to get drunk? Nam snavko'ima? Are you(pl) in the mood to get drunk?

naumcud Vtr sgo (for plo see navko'icud) [Neutr: def naumc; hort naumcud]: to get
obj drunk ex: T o mnaumc g navait. The wine will get you drunk. Naumc 'ant. I got him drunk. Pi g 'am nnaumcud! Don't get me drunk!

naumdag (assim of *navmdag) N inalien: drunkeness, intoxicated condition naumdag s- Stat: to be intoxicating (same as s-noagig)
ex: No snaumdag? Is it intoxicating? Vi:u 'o snaumdag. Whiskey is intoxicating.

naumk- (assim of *navmk-; dial: navamk-) Vintr Unit (for Repet see naummuk) sgs (for pls see navko'o) [Neutr: def naum; imper sgs naumka-/ naumki-; hort naumk.
Correl: naum-k; immed: naum-ka-'i. Compl: naumk-ok; immed: naumk-oka-'i. Interr: naum-him]: to get drunk ex: 'A:i 'ant naum. I am drunk (now). Pi g 'am a 'i naumk! Don't get drunk! Mat hekid g hemajkam o si naumk pi 'i ma:c mo has 'i 'i(<'e)vua. When a person has gotten drunk he does not know what he is doing. Naumk vu bagatam. When he is drunk he is easily angered. 'Ant o 'op(<'ip) naumkoka'i! I'll get drunk first! Naumhim 'o. He/she is getting drunk. Mat g 'o'odham o ge'e 'i: g navait k o naum. When a man drinks a lot of wine, he gets drunk.

naumkam (assim of *navmkam.) N subst indiv [pl: navko'ikam]: drunk, one who is
drunk

naumkam vu Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu naumkam); pls: vu navko'ikam]: to be

one who is drunk ex: 'A:i 'a u naumkam. I am (one who is) drunk. 'A:cim 'ac u navko'ikam. We are (ones who are) drunk.

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naumkamcud/navait naumkamcud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-navko'ikamcud) [Neutr: def naumkamc;
hort naumkamcud]: to act like a drunk

naumka'i see Vintr naumk- = to get drunk naumk (assim of *navumk) N indiv [pl: navko'i]: a drunk (one who has gotten drunk)
ex: 'Idam navko'i hek vua g 'elialga. Drunks waste their money.

naumk vu Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu naumk); pls: vu navko'i]: to be a drunk
ex: D(<vu) 'o naumk. He/she is a drunk one. Hegam 'o (<vu) navko'i. They are drunk ones.

naummuk (assim of *navmmek) Vintr Repet (for Unit see naumk-) sgs [Neutr: indef
naumuk. Dur: naummuka-d. Interr: naummuka-him]: to get drunk repeatedly ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid naummuk. I never get drunk. Cum hekid naummuk ves avai 'e. He gets drunk every Saturday. Naummukahim 'o. He used to get drunk repeatedly.

nav N inalien: prickly pear cactus, (generic term; the fruits of the various varieties have
the following names: cecioj, gisok, ho'ok-va:'o, hu:-va'ug, jui, kavk-'i:bhai, skeg'i:bhai, miak-'an-g-'i-vo'iva, moik-'i:bhai, vopigad, 'oipa, and 'o'ok-'i:bhai)

navag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of prickly pear cacti in a single location navaicud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-navaid] : to turn into wine navait N inalien mass [distr: navppait]: saguaro cactus wine, wine
ex: Gahi da'ivu g navait. The wine has lost its strength (it is after the time when it should have been consumed). Pi 'int(<'ant) haha 'ep o ha 'i: g navait. I will not drink any wine again. 'An o navppaitk 'an o 'i:'i g 'enavppait! You will each make wine and drink your own wine!

navait Vintr or tr Unit (for Repet see nanvait; for Distr see navppait) [Neutr: def
navai]: to make saguaro wine; to make wine out of obj ex: ia hab masma hab ju: k 'am hab navai. Well, this is how he made (what he did and made) saguaro wine (for the first time). Nt o ho(<ha) navai g 'u:visga. I'll make some wine out of my grapes.

navait Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-nanvait) [Neutr: def 'e-navai]: to be made (of
saguaro wine) ex: ... 'ea 'am 'enavai. ... at that time, saguaro wine was made (for the first time).

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navaita/ navko['o] navaita N inalien: wine which is being made navaitaku N inalien indiv [pl: nanvaitaku; distr: navppaitaku]: olla used for
fermenting saguaro fruit juice for the wine ceremony

navait-vasibku NComp inalien indiv [sg (loc: navait-vasibku-c-'e); pl: navaitvassibku]: ceremonial basket (used as container for saguaro wine)

Navait-'I'idag NComp inalien [loc: Navait-'I'idag-c-'e; 1st pers pl: t-Navait-'I'idag]:

saguaro wine drinking ceremony (also called 'I'idag)

nava (Span: navaja) N inalien indiv [pl: nan[a]va]: pocket knife

ex: Mo hekaj ha'icu hikcek. (A pocket knife is) that with which one cuts things.

navijhu N indiv [pl: nanavijhu]: ceremonial clown navk see Vintr navko'o = to get drunk navko'i see N naumk = a drunk navko'i see Stat Expr vu naumk = to be a drunk navko'icud Vtr plo (for sgo see naumcud) [Neutr: def navko'ic; hort navko'icud]: to
get obj drunk ex: T o 'emnavko'ic g navait. The wine will get you drunk. Pi g 'am tnavko'icud! Don't get us drunk!

navko'ikam see N subst naumkam = drunk, one who is drunk navko'ikam see Stat Expr vu naumkam = to be one who is drunk navko'ikamcud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-naumkamcud) [Neutr: def 'enavko'ikamc; hort 'e-navko'ikamcud]: to act like drunks

navko'ima see V subst s-naumam = to feel like getting drunk navko['o] semi Stat intr pls (for sgs see naumk-) [Neutr: def and hort navk; imper
navko-yo; indef navko['o]. Correl: nav-k; immed: nav-ka-'i. Compl: navk-ok; immed: navk-oka-'i. Dur: navko'o-d. Interr: navko-him/ navko'o=ka-him]: to get drunk ex: 'A:pim 'amt navk. You fellows are drunk! Pi g o 'om(<'am) navk gm hu Tucsont'ama'i! Don't get drunk over there in Tucson! Gm hu hihi 'ama'i gm hu matp 'am 'epiast navka'i. They went over there where the feast was, after getting drunk. Hegam cum hekid navko'o. They get drunk all the time. Pi g o 'om(<'am) navko'od! Don't get drunk continually! Hek hu mo hegam cum hekid navko'o, c hemu haha va'a pi

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navko['o/ na'a
navko['o]. They used to get drunk all the time, but now they don't get drunk any more. Navkohim 'o. They are getting drunk. Cum hekid navko'okahim c hemu pi 'i:'e. They used to be drunk all the time, but now they don't drink.

nav-na:nk NComp aggreg: a variety of prickly pear cactus navodt Vtr [Neutr: def and hort navodt; imper sgs navodta-]: to make friends with obj
ex: Nt o navodt. I'll make friends with him. Nt o ho(<ha)navodt. I'll make friends with them. Tnavodt 'at. He made friends with us.

navoj N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg navoji-j); pl: naipijhu; distr: na'naipijhu]: friend;
brother; male cousin (of a man)

navoj vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu naipijhu]: to be somebody's friend

ex: ... 'am hema vu navojij g keli 'o'odham. ... down there one fellow was the (his) friend of the old man.

navoj Stat sing [mult: naipijhu]: to have a friend

ex: Pt pi o ho(<ha) navojk. You will not have a single friend. Nap mu'i naipijhu 'i:ya'a? Do you(sg) have many friends here?

navojim s- V subst tr: to wish to be friend with obj

ex: Cum 'a snavojim hega'i. I would like to be his friend (friends with him).

navojma s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef and def s-navojma. Interr: s-navojma=ka-him]: to be

friendly to obj ex: No smnavojma? Is he/are they friendly to you? Pt o shanavojma hegam! Be nice to them! B(<'ab) 'apt o 'i shanavojma hegam. (I am asking you to) be nice to them. Cum 'o snavojmakahim. He used to be friendly to me.

navppait see N navait = saguaro cactus wine; wine navppait Vintr/ tr Distr: (for Unit see navait) [Neutr: def navppai; indef navppait.
Correl: navppait-k; immed: navppait-ka-'i]: to make saguaro wine out of obj ex: 'An o navppaitk 'an o 'i:'i g 'enavppait. You will each (different villages) make saguaro wine and drink your respective wines.

navppaitaku see N navaitaku = olla used for fermenting saguaro fruit juice na'a Part used in Pima after all locatives and locative Expressions
ex: 'aba'i na'a: up there 'ama'i na'a: down there

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na'anpak/ na:k na'anpak see Stat napak = to be limp, crumpled na'anpal see VExpr s-napal daha = to be sitting with one's legs folded on one side na'naipijhu see N navoj = friend; brother; male cousin na'naipijhukim see Nreflex 'e-naipijhukim = a pair of friends, brothers, cousins

na:-

na:d Vintr Unit (for Repet and Distr see na:nda) [Neutr: def nai; hort na:d; imper sgs
na:da-. Correl: na:d-k; immed: na:d-ka-'i. Compl: na:d-ok; immed: na:d-oka-'i]: to make a fire once ex: Hek 'ant hu 'am nai. I have already made a fire down there. M g na:d! Could you(sg) make a fire! Na:da! Make a fire! 'Am na:dk 'am da. Having made a fire, he was sitting there. Gd hu jivak am va hekaj na:dk 'am dai g hidoaku ... Once back there, he made a fire right away and put (sat) the cooking pot (on it) ... Nt o 'op(<'ip) na:dok. I'll make a fire first.

na:da N inalien indiv [pl/distr: na:nda]: fire

ex: Mei 'at g nna:da. My fire is burning (got lit). Na:dac'e 'at gei. It fell in the fire.

na:daku N inalien indiv [pl/distr: na:ndaku]: place where one makes a fire; stove;
fire implements ex: ... 'am ab 'i sma:s g hana:daku. ... the place where they made their fire was still showing.

na:j see Vtr na:jid: to make a fire for obj na:jid Vtr Unit (for Repet see na:njid; for Distr see na:n[a]jid) [Neutr: def na:j; hort
na:jid]: to make a fire for obj ex: Nt o mna:j. I'll make a fire for you. M g nna:jid! Could you(sg) make me a fire!

na:k N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg na:ka-j); pl: na:nk]: ear
ex: Mo 'an cu:c tmo'o veco. (Ears are that) which stand below our hair. Mac hekaj ha'icu ka: mo 'an ha'icu 'an 'e'a:g. (Ears are that) with which we hear when something is said.

na:k Stat sing [mult: na:nk]: to have an ear

ex: S hascu u c ge 'al ce'ecev na:nk? What could that thing with unusually long ears be?

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na:k/ na:nda na:k s- Vtr [Neutr: indef s-na:k. Interr: s-na:ka-him]: to like the taste of obj
ex: Nap sna:k g s'onk? Do you like salty things? Nap sna:k g kavh:? Do you like coffee? Nap sna:k g cecemait? Do you like tortillas? Sna:k 'a g s'onk hido. I like salty food. Pi 'i na:k g siv nala. I don't like bitter oranges. Cum 'a sna:kahim. I used to like it.

na:kag N: a cactus (possibly a variety of prickly pear) na:kam N subst sing [mult: na:nkam]: one with an ear
ex: Sbibtag na:nkam: one with dirty ears. 'U'uvhig Na:nkam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-bird-ears)

na:kam in ha'icu sna:kam NExpr subst: one who likes the taste of something
cu:kug sna:kam NExpr subst: one who likes the taste of meat

Na:kcekla N: name of a mythological monster (similar to Ho'ok)

ex: T o 'emnam g Na:kcekla. Na:kcekla is going to meet you(pl).

na:kit Vtr [Neutr: def na:kit. Interr: na:kita-him]: to develop a taste for, to get to like the
taste of obj ex: Na:kit 'ant. I developed a taste for it (l like it now). Nt o 'om(<'am) nakit. I may get to like it. Na:kitahim 'a. I am beginning to develop a taste for it.

na:nad Vintr Distr (for Unit see na:d) [Neutr: def and hort na:nad]: to make a fire in
several locations ex: Na:nad 'at. Each one of them made a fire.

na:n[a]jid Vtr Distr (for Unit see na:jid) [Neutr: def na:naj; hort na:njid]: to make a
fire for obj in several locations ex: Hana:naj. Each one of them built a fire for someone.

na:nam see Vreflex 'e-na:namk- = to meet each other na:namk- Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-nanamek) [Neutr: def 'e-na:nam; hort 'ena:namk. Correl: 'e-na:mam-k; immed: 'e-na:nam-ka-'i]: to meet each other ex: 'Amt 'am o 'u:'u g busses k 'am o tna:nam 'ama'i! You will each take a separate bus and we will meet down there! 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)na:namk! Meet each other! 'Ena:namk 'im hab hi a(<va) hihi. Having met they left (together) in that direction.

na:nda Vintr Repet (for Unit see na:d) [Neutr: indef na:nda. Dur: na:nda-d]: to make a
fire repeatedly ex: ... ge cuhig na:ndak na:nda. ... all night long she keeps making fire after fire.

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na:nda/ na:nkid na:nda see N na:da = fire na:ndaku see N na:daku = place where one makes a fire; stove, fire implements na:ngi'a Vtr plo (for sgo see nagia) [Neutr: def, hort and indef na:ngi'a. Correl:
na:ngi'a-k; immed: na:ngi'a-ka-'i. Compl: na:ngi'a-yok. Interr: na:ngi'a-him.]: to hang up obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)na:ngi'a. I'll hang them up. Vo ho(<ha)na:ngi'a g 'eliliva! Each one of you, hang up your coats! ... vo a 'i hana:ngi'a hega'i hamo:m 'ab 'ab hega'i hamo'ocku! ... make their heads hang a little over (the edge of) their pillow! Pi hekid na:ngi'a g 'e'ega. He never hangs up his clothes. ... ha'icu 'i hahu:c 'in 'i na:ngi'ahi 'e'ab. She had hung rows of hooves on herself (on her dress). Nt o ho(<ha)na:ngi'ak o gakij. I'll hang them up to dry.

na:ngi'a Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-nagia): to hang on (to something) na:ngi'a see Stat intr nagia = to be hanging na:ngi'acug Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-nagiacug): to be hanging on to something
that is moving

na:ngi'akc semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-nagiakc): to be holding on to
something that is hanging

na:ngi'aku see N nagiaku = cradle; clothes hanger na:njid Vtr Repet (for Unit see na:jid) [Neutr: indef na:njid. Dur: na:njida-d]: to make
a fire for obj repeatedly

na:nk see N na:k = ear na:nk see Stat na:k = to have an ear na:nkam see N subst na:kam = one with an ear na:nkid Vtr plo (for sgo see namkid) [Neutr: def na:nk; indef and hort na:nkid. Dur:
na:nkida-d. Interr: na:nkida-him]: to match a wager (in games of chance) ex: Vo na:nk, tt o a tcicvi! Match my wager, let's play against each other! Napt pi 'oi vo na:nk ma 'am hu hab kaij! Why don't you go ahead and match every one of my wager (what I say). ia k 'am 'i ves na:nk g ves ha'icu matp hascu 'i cum 'al 'ega hega'i uv. Well, and he matched all of it with everything whatsoever that he owned, that Buzzard. M g ab 'i na:nkidad! Keep on matching my wagers! Tp 'am haha 'i na:nkidahim. Then he kept on matching his wagers. Na:nkidahimc 'am 'i na:to. He kept on matching the boy's wagers until he was through with it. 'Am 'i na:nkidahi. He started matching his wagers.

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na:nk/ na:sid na:nk see Vtr na:nkid = to match a wager (in a game of chance) na:nk-je:jegaaku NComp aggreg: black grama (a weed formerly used to pierce
holes in earlobes for earrings)

na:nko Mod: various

ex: ..matp 'an na:nko 'i ju:. ..which she had put on (her dress) in various ways. .. k hab ge cuhug 'am na:nko 'i 'evuihim. .. and thus all night long they pursue their various activities (they behave in their usual various ways). .. 'atp 'am hi a(<va) 'i si na:nko hab(<hab) 'i vuihim hega'i ginsku c hega'i hodai..he (the boy) was doing all kinds of things with the gins set and the stone. 'I a daivc 'in he'es 'i tve:m na:nko cu'igkahidc haha va 'ep hihhim. They usually come here and share our various activities (for a while) and go again. .. 'an eid matp na:nko ha'icu 'i 'i(<'e)vua. ..he looks at the various things that are going on (in there). .. k na:nko ha'icu 'am juhim. .. and he does all kinds of things.-- Si na:nko masma 'ab 'i himhi. He went through various things (in his life).-na:nko ma:s ha'icu hiosig= various kinds of flowers

na:nkogid Vtr [Neutr: def na:nkog; indef and hort na:nkogid. Dur: na:nkogida-d]: to
tease obj ex: Nt o na:nkog. I'll tease him. Pi g 'am nna:nkogid! Don't tease me! Heg 'o cum hekid nna:nkogid. He teases me constantly. (<'a) ab mna:nkogid. I am just teasing you.

na:nkogid Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-na:nkogid]: to tease each other

ex: C(<'ac) ab tna:nkogid. We are just teasing each other.

na:nko kaij VExpr intr: to talk nonsense na:nko ta:hadag Stat Expr impers tr: to feel despondent
ex: Na:nko nta:hadag. I feel despondent.

na:nko ta:hadkam NExpr: despondency na:nko 'a:g VExpr tr: to gossip about obj na:s see Vtr na:sid = to rake up obj na:sid/ na:sig Vtr [Neutr: def na:s; hort na:sid/ na:sig]: to rake up obj (same as
hugum) ex: 'I na:sid g ha'icu ha:hag. Rake up the leaves!

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na:sidacud/ na:to na:sidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def na:sidac; hort na:siducud]: to rake up obj for somebody
(same as na:sijid)

na:sidaku/ na:sigaku N indiv [pl: nansidaku]: rake, harrow na:sig see Vtr na:sid = to rake up obj na:sijid Vdtr [Neutr: def na:sij; hort na:sijid]: to rake up obj for somebody (same as
na:sidacud)

na: see Vtr na:p = to fold obj over na:c in 'e-na:c daha VExpr reflex sing [mult: 'e-nanhac daha]: to be sitting on one
heel

na:p- Vtr Unit (for Repet see naap) sing or sgo (for mult or plo see nanhap-)
[Neutr: def na:; imper sgs na:pa-/ na:pi-; hort na:p]: to fold obj over once ex: Nt o 'i na:. I'll fold it once. 'I g 'i na:p! Fold it once!

na:pid Vdtr sgo (for plo see nanhapid) [Neutr: def na:p; hort na:pid]: to fold obj
over for somebody, to make a pleat, a hem in obj for somebody ex: 'I nna:pid! Fold it over for me (make a hem, a pleat in it for me)!

na:p Stat sgs: to be folded, to have a row (a necklace)

ex: ... gi'ik 'i na:p. ... it (the necklace) had four rows (hearsay).

na:p Adj sg: folded, wrinkled

Na:p- Kuakam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-wrinkled-forehead)

na:to Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef na:to; imper sgs na:to-. Correl: na:to-k; immed:
na:to-ka-'i. Compl: na:to-yok; immed: na:to-yoka-'i. Dur: na:to-d.]: without 'i: to make obj; with 'i: to finish obj, to be through with what one is doing, to be all set ex: ... 'am na:to g ginsku hega'i uv k 'am 'i na:to. ... he finished making the gins set, that Buzzard. ia 'am hab havuihimc 'am 'i hana:to. Well, she finished doing that for them (the cradle boards). ... na:nkidahimc 'am 'i na:to. ... he finished matching them (the boy's wagers). ia tp ves 'ab hab juk 'am 'i na:to. Well, he finished puting everything on it (the horse). ... mat 'am va:pagtk 'am 'i na:to 'ama'i mat 'am o 'o(<'e)cicvi. ... they finished making the holes in the ground where they were going to play gins against each other. Tp 'ea hek hu na:to 'am 'i ba'ihamk g ku'ag. Meanwhile, they had already finished putting the wood in there. ia k 'am 'i na:tok hab juk 'am mehi hega'i ku'ag. Well, and after they were through doing that they set fire to that wood. 'Atp 'am 'i na:tok 'e'a:g, hab kaij: ...When he thought that he had

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na:to/ na:todam
finished it (building the house), he said: ... Nt o 'ip na:tok g vapkona. Wait until I have finished my washing. ia k hab ju: mat 'ab 'amje na:to g jevu. Well, and what he did is t make the earth out of it. ... k hegda:m 'am hana:to g hemajkam. ... and on it (on the earth) he created the people. 'Atp 'am hab haha na:to g ki:. Then he made a house. ... hekaj hab ha'icu vua mo ob(<vab) 'am na:to ha'icu. ... therefore he does things which are things which he just creates. Na:to 'o g pa:n. She is making bread. ... hega'i 'u'uvhig-nonha matp 'ab hadada 'am hana:tok hega'i viappoi. ... these bird's eggs which he had set up there after he made them, that boy. ... 'am haha hidok 'am 'i na:tok 'am haha na:to g sitol. ... after she finished cooking it she made syrup.

na:to Vreflex: to get completed, finished, ready

ex: Tk 'ena:tok 'am daha. They sit there, finished. Kut 'ab 'ep 'i'ik 'ena:tok u ba'ag. Having drunk more of it, he was a completed eagle. Hek 'at hu 'u(<'e)na:to. She is past puberty (she has menstruated twice).

na:to Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-natto; for Distr see 'e-nanto) [Neutr: def 'ena:to. Correl: 'e-na:to-k; immed: 'e-na:to-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-na:to-yok. Interr: 'e-na:to-him] : to get through with what one is doing, to get ready ex: Napt 'ena:to? Are you ready? 'Ena:to 'otk(<'atk). He is ready. Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o a(<va) nna:to. I'll be ready soon. Hemu 'utt(<'att) o tna:to. We'll be ready soon. Pi 'it(<'at) koi 'i 'i(<'e)na:to. They were not yet through. 'I him mapt hekid o 'i 'i(<'e)na:to! Come here when you are through! Kumt 'oi vo 'ena:to! You'd better get ready right away! 'I 'ant ab o 'i me:nad 'apt o 'i 'enakogk. Hekid 'am o 'i 'ena:to, tt o hihi. I'll wait for you here while you are getting ready. When you are through (ready), we'll go. ... 'am 'i 'eto'idk 'eto'idk 'am 'i 'ena:to. ... having bet and bet against each other they were through (ready to play). Nna:tohim 'a. I am about through (ready). elma 'a hi a(<va) nna:tohim. I am almost ready (I think). Va voho 'an haha 'i 'ena:tohimk hihi. Indeed (as they say) after they were through, they left. Tp 'am 'ena:tok 'amje hi:. He got ready and left (from there). Hemu mapt o 'ena:tok o hi:! Get ready and come now! 'Ena:tok 'am hi a(<va) e'e. When she is through (with her work) she sings.

na:to Vreflex tr: to turn into, to become obj

ex: heg 'at a(<va) hejel o 'ena:to g kavyu. ... and that one, he will turn (himself) into a horse. ... nt heg o nna:to ma u hohogmel. I will turn into what is called a butterfly. ... 'ea 'ab 'i 'ena:tohi. ... meanwhile he had started changing shape (turning into something). 'O'odham 'ena:to. He is an adult man now (he has become an adult man). ... 'ida hab a 'i 'eju: mapt ha'as hab a 'i 'ena:to g 'o'odham. ... now that what has happened is that you have become a full grown man.

na:to Vreflex: to appear out of nowhere, to be created

ex: u:dag 'an 'ena:to 'ana'i. Water appeared (suddenly) there.

na:todam ha- N: creator (the one who makes someone; same as na:tokam)

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na:to/ na:tokc na:to Vtr Unit (for Repet see nanto) [Neutr: indef na:to]: without 'i: to make obj
several times in succession; with 'i: to finish obj several times in succession ex: Hek hu mo mu'i na:to g lial. Formerly he made a lot of money. Hekid 'ap 'i na:to g 'ecikpan? When do you finish your chores?

na:to Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-nanto) [Neutr: indef 'e-na:to]: to get through
with what one is doing ex: Hekid 'ap 'i 'i(<'e)na:to? When do you usually get through?

na:tok in vopnom hana:tok NExpr: hat factory (place where they make hats) na:toi N inalien: creation, something made by somebody
ex: ... g jevu 'ena:toi. ... the earth created by himself. Nt 'am ba: g u:dag mna:toi. I drank the liquor (water) made by you. ... 'i:dam 'u'uvhig nna:toi. ... these birds made by me.

na:tois Stat: to be finished, completed na:tojid (dial: na:tojulid) Vdtr [Neutr: def na:toj; hort na:tojid]: to prepare obj, to get
obj ready, for somebody

na:tojulid see Vdtr na:tojid = to prepare obj for somebody na:tokam N inalien [1st pers pl: t-na:tokam]: maker, creator
jevu-na:tokam NComp: the Earth Maker 'ega-na:tokam NComp: clothes maker, clothes factory

na:tokam 'e- N subst: a girl after puberty (a girl who has menstruated twice) na:tokam vu Stat Expr: to be the maker of (somebody or something)
ex: Jesus 'o (<vu) tna:tokam. Jesus is our maker.

na:tokc semi Stat reflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-nantokc) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'ena:tokc. Dur: 'e-na:tokci-d]: to be ready, prepared ex: Nap 'ena:tokc, tt o hihi! Are you ready, let's go! Nap 'ena:tokc si'alim o 'o(<'e)cecegaim? Are you prepared to go to your exam (to be examined) tomorrow? Nam 'ena:tokc? Are you(pl) ready? B(<'ab) 'a masma 'am nna:tokc 'a:i'i. That's what I am prepared for. ... matp cum 'ena:tokc mat o 'oi hihi. ... (the people) who were ready in vain to go right away. Mant 'i a jivak nna:tokc. I come here all prepared. Vo 'o(<'e)na:tokc! Be prepared! Vo 'o(<'e)na:tokcid cum hekid! Be prepared at all time!

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no/ no[a]gid no-

no see Vintr no[a]g- = to turn in a certain direction no N: a plant of the yucca family no Vtr Unit (for Repet see nona) sgo (for plo see no:no) [Neutr: def no:; hort
no:; imper sgs noa-. Correl: no-k; immed: no-ka-'i]: to bend obj ex: Nt o 'i no:. I'll bend it. 'I g 'i no:! Bend it! Nt o 'i nok 'ab o bei. I'll bend it (the branch) and get it (the fruit).

noa see Vintr no[a]g- = to become rabid no[a]g- Vintr Unit (for Repet see nonag; for Distr see no:nag) sgs (for pls see
no:no[a]g-) [Neutr: def no; hort noag; imper nogi-. Correl: noag-k. Compl: noagi-ok; immed: noagi-oka-'i]: to turn, make a turn in a certain direction ex: 'I 'apt hab o 'i no! Turn this way! 'Im 'apt hab o 'i no! Turn that way! T 'am no hega'i je'ej k ga hu hi: 'u:pam. His mother turned there and walked back home. Nt o 'i no 'u:pam. I'll go back (I'll make a turn in the direction I come from). Kups voho 'i ab o 'i no! You can't possibly leave (turn) just now! 'I g 'i noag! Make a turn! Pt 'an o 'i noagk 'ep o 'i hi:. Make a turn there and come back (walking)! 'I noagioka'i! Make a turn first!

noag- Vintr sgs (for pls see nonag-) [Neutr: def noa. Interr: noag[i]-him] to
become rabid ex: Noa 'at g gogs. The dog has become rabid. Noaghim 'o g gogsga. My dog is getting rabid.

noagam N subst sg [pl: nonagam]: one with rabies noagam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be one with rabies
ex: gogsga 'o (<vu) noagam. My dog has rabies (is one with rabies).

no[a]gid Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-nonagid) sgs (for pls see 'e-no:nogid)
[Neutr: def 'e-noag; hort 'e-no[a]gid. Correl: 'e-noagid-k; immed: noagid-ka-'i]: to turn oneself in a certain direction ex: Sho:tam 'apt o 'i 'i(<'e)noag! Come back right away! Nt o 'i nnoag 'u:pam. I'll go back home (turn myself in the direction I come from). 'I g 'i 'i(<'e)noagid 'am 'eki: vui! Go back to your home! ia c 'am haha va 'i 'enoagidk gm hu me: 'u:pam. Well, and then he turned around there and ran back to where he came from. ia k 'ab 'u:pam

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no[a]gid/ nolot
'i 'enoagidk 'i a hu 'i ce ... Well, and he turned around and climbed back to where he came from (the shore) ...

noagig s- Stat sgs: to be intoxicating (same as s-haumdag)

ex: No snoagig? Is it intoxicating?

noagigam s- Adj sg: intoxicating (same as s-haumadkam) noag see Vreflex 'e-noagid= to turn oneself in a certain direction noag[]cud Vtr Unit (for Repet see nonagcud) sgo (for plo see no:nag[]cud)
[Neutr: def noagc. Interr: noagcudahim]: to make obj dizzy, intoxicated ex: T o mnoagc. It will make you dizzy. Nnoagc 'at. I am dizzy. Nnoagcudahim 'o. It's getting me dizzy.

noags Stat reflex: to make a turn (said of a road)

ex: Nt o 'i hu mo heba'i 'i(<'e)noags g vo:g. I'll get off at the turn off (where the road makes a turn). S'apkoji 'i 'i(<'e)noags g vo:g, pt heg o 'i 'oi! The road makes a turn to the right, follow it!

noagk see Vintr no[a]g- = to turn in a certain direction noagku N inalien: steering wheel (used with 'i unless qualified by a person marker;
also called 'i nonagidaku) ex: Nat juaka g mnoagku? Is your steering wheel loose?

No Da:k NExpr: a village near Si:l Nagia Noji Vna (Span: noche buena) NExpr [loc: Noji Vna 'e]: Christmas Eve nol Stat sing [mult: no:nol]: to branch out, to have a branch (said of a tree)
ex: Jumal 'i nol hega'i 'u:s. That tree has a low branch. 'An hab ce mo 'on(<'an) g 'u:s ge 'i nol. He climbed on where the tree has a branch (of a certain size).

nolot (dial: nolat, nolavt) Vtr Unit (for Repet see nonlot) [Neutr: def and hort and
indef nolot]: to buy obj ex: He'ekia 'apt 'i 'o'ohon hanolot? How many books did you buy? Nt o hema nolot g ci-vegijidaku. I'll buy a lipstick tube. Nt o ha'i hanolot g ci-vepegijidaku. I'll buy a few lipstick tubes. Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c matp ha'i hanolot g haiva. I don't know whether he bought any cows. Ha 'ant nolot g cu'i. I bought some flour. Ba:p hanolot g 'e'i'ipu! Where do you buy your dresses? Cum hekid 'a ab hanolot g hacu:dagta ma hekid 'i sga'im g cu:kug. I always buy coals when I make a roast.

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nolot/ nonag[]cud nolot (dial: nolat, nolavt) Vdtr Unit (for Repet see nonlot): to buy obj from somebody
ex: Nt o mnolot g moiga. I'll buy your horse from you. Nt o ha'i mnolot g mooiga. I'll buy a few of your horses from you. Nt o hema hanolot g kavyu. I'll buy a horse from someone. Nt o ha'i mnolot g 'ihug. I'll buy a few devilsclaw pods from you. B(<'ab) 'at o tnolot hegam tooiga. They say that they want to buy our pets from us.

nolotaku (dial: nolataku, nolavtaku) N: store (also called cianda, tianda, tianna) nolotakuc'e cikpandam NExpr: store keeper (one who works in a store) nolotam s- V subst dtr: to wish to buy something for somebody
ex: Cum 'o snnolotam g ma:gina. He would like to buy my car from me. ... cum shanolotam hegam ha'ega. ... they (the people) were wishing to buy what they (the boys) owned (their possession) from them. Pi 'imt(<'amt) o a 'i hama: mas o cum s'emnolotam! Don't give it to those who wish to buy it from you(pl)!

nona Vtr Repet (for Unit see no) sgo (for plo see no:no) [Neutr: indef nona.
Dur: nona-d]: to bend obj repeatedly ex: M g ab 'i nonad! Be bending it each time!

nonag Vintr Repet (for Unit see no[a]g-) sgs [Neutr: indef nonag; concurs
nonag-c. Correl: nonag-k]: to turn, make a turn (in a certain direction) repeatedly ex: 'I dadeck 'ep g hu nonagc 'u:pam 'ep jijivha. It (a bird) repeatedly flies and makes a turn over there and comes back. 'A ko g 'o'odham heba'i nonagc 'i jijivhac gm hu 'e'a:gahim mat has masma 'am hab 'eju:. Indeed (surprise) whenever a man comes back from a joumey (turns and arrives) he recounts what happened (to him)! M(<'am) 'apt o hihhimadc gm hu o 'i nonagad! Walk there and come back repeatedly!

nonag- Vintr pls (for sgs see noag-) [Neutr: def nona. Interr: nonag[i]-him]: to
become rabid

nonagam see N subst noagam: one with rabies non[a]gid Vreflex intr Repet (for Unit see 'e-no[a]gid) sgs [Neutr: indef 'enonagid. Dur: 'e-nonagida-d . Interr: 'e-nonagida-him]: to turn (in a certain direction)

nonagidaku N inalien: steering wheel (used with 'i unless qualified by person
marker; also called 'i noagku)

nonag[]cud Vtr Repet (for Unit see noag[]cud) sgo [Neutr: indef noagcud]: to
make obj dizzy repeatedly ex: Silvsa 'o nnonagcud. Beer makes me dizzy.

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nonag[]cud/ nonoi nonag[]cud Vtr plo (for sgo see noag[]cud) [Neutr: def nonagc; indef
nonagcud. Interr: nonagcuda-him]: to make obj dizzy, intoxicated ex: T o 'emnonagc. It will make you(pl) dizzy. Silvsa 'o tnonagcud. Beer makes us dizzy. Tnonagcudahim 'o. We are getting dizzy.

nonha in ha'icu nonha NExpr aggreg [distr: ha'icu nonnha]: egg(s)

cucul-nonha NComp alien aggreg: chicken egg(s) ex: M 'o hema daha g cucul-nonha. There is (sits) a chicken egg down there. 'u'uvhig-nonha NComp aggreg: bird egg(s)

nonha Stat sgs [pls: nonnha]: to be pregnant

ex: Ves 'ahid 'ab nonha. She is pregnant every year. ia, tp hab 'eju: hega'i 'alicu 'uv k 'am 'i nonha. Well, the youngest girl had gotten herself pregnant (had acted in a certain way and was pregnant).

nonhacud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def nonhac; hort nonhacud]: to make/ get obj pregnant nonham N subst sg [pl: nonnham]: one who is pregnant nonhat Vintr sgs [Neutr: def and indef nonhat]: to lay an egg
ex: 'Atk hema nonhat g cucul. One hen has laid an egg. 'A kutp 'e'ai mo 'ea nonhat g 'u'uvhig? Could it possibly be the time when birds lay their eggs?

nonhat Vintr sgs [Neutr: def hort and indef nonhat. Interr: nonhata-him]: to become
pregnant ex: Ves 'ahid 'ab nonhat hega'i. She gets pregnant every year.

nonlot Vtr Repet (for Unit see nolot) [Neutr: indef nonlot]: to buy obj repeatedly nonlot Vdtr Repet (for Unit see nolot) [Neutr: indef nonlot. Dur: nonlota-d]: to buy obj
from somebody repeatedly ex: ... pi a 'i hanamka matp 'am cum hanonlot 'idam 'o'odham. ... they (the boys) keep refusing to give them (the birds) to these people who keep trying to buy them (the birds) from them (the boys). ... 'am o cum hanonlotad hega'i ha'a'an. ... they will keep on trying to buy their feathers from them. Ma hekid 'am a hihhim nolotaku vui c hemho a(<va) ha'icu hanonlot. Every time I go to the store I buy something.

nonnha see no:nha = egg(s) nonnha see Stat nonha = to be pregnant nonnham see N subst nonham = one who is pregnant nonnovyu see N novyu = ox nonoi see Vtr nonoig = to stir obj

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nonoig/ novnonoig (dial: nonaig) Vtr [Neutr: def nonoi; indef and hort nonoig. Dur: nonoiga-d]: to
stir obj (same as 'iolagid) ex: Nt o nonoi. I'll stir it (for a short while). 'I nonoig! Stir it (for a short while)! M g nonoigad g 'atol, t o ku:. Keep stirring the gravy (drippings), it will stick to the pan.

nonol N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg nonola-j]: a sea shell (tiny and snail-like which
was used for bracelets)

nonovyu see N novyu = ox nonpidva Vintr pls (for sgs see nopidva): to trip nophai see Vtr nophain = to trip obj nophain (met *nopahim) Vtr sgo [Neutr: def nophai; hort nophain]: to trip obj once
ex: 'E-g-e'eidk, t o mnophai! Be careful, he is going to trip you(sg)! Pi g 'am hu nnophain! Don't trip me!

nophai Vtr sgo [Neutr: nophai. Dur: nophaia-d]: to trip obj reiteratedly
ex: Pi g 'am hu nnophaiad! Don't be tripping me again and again!

nopidva Vintr sgs (for pls see nonpidva) [Neutr: def nopidva]: to trip
ex: 'E-g-e'eidk, pt o 'om(<'am) nopidva! Be careful, you(sg) might trip! Nopidva 'ant. I tripped.

nopckva Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort nopckva]: to make obj fall down by tripping
ex: Pi g 'am nnopckva! Don't trip me!

novigid Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-no:nhaigid) [Neutr: def 'e-novig; hort 'enovigid]: to motion with one's hand ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)novig! Make a gesture with your hand!

nov N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg novi-j; loc: nov-t-'an; instr: nov-kaj); pl: no:nhai
(dial: no:nhoi )]: upper limb (including arm and hand) ex: Novij g be:i ! Shake hands with him (get his hand)! Mac hekaj 'am ha'icu has vua. (Hands are) that with which we do things.

nov-bebbhe VComp tr: to shake hands with several people one after the other
ex: Hanov-bebbhe g hemajkam. He keeps shaking hands with the people (one after the other). Ha-g-nov-bebbhe! Shake hands with them! 'Oi g nov-bebbhe! Go ahead and shake hands with him! T o mnov-bebbhe. (He said) he is going to shake hands with you(sg). Tt o ho(<ha)nov-bebbhe. We'll shake hands with them.

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novkam/ no:no novkam N subst sing [mult: no:nhaikam (dial: no:nhoikam)]: one with a hand
ex: Sgevpk no:nhaikam: strong handed one -- sbibtag no:nhaikam: dirty handed one

novyu (Span: novillo) N alien indiv [pl: nonovyu; distr: nonnovyu]: ox, castrated bull

no:-

no: see Vtr no = to bend obj no: see Vtr no = to bend obj no:nag Vintr Distr (for Unit see no[a]g) [Neutr: indef no:nag]: to make a turn in a
certain direction one after the other ex: S'o'ogji 'i no:nag g mamagina. One after the other the cars are turning left.

no:nhai see N nov = upper limb (arm and hand) no:nhai (dial s-no:nho) s- Adv: of hands no:nhai in s-no:nhai 'u:v Stat V Expr: to smell of hands
ex: ..ku hab hi a(<va) 'ep sno:nhai 'u:v. ..that is how it too smells of hands (hearsay).

no:nhaigid Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-novigid): to motion with one's hands no:nhaikam see N subst novkam = one with a hand no:nhai-vakonaku NComp indiv [pl: no:nhai-vapkonaku]: wash basin (instrument
to wash hands)

no:nhai-vapkon VComp reflex [Neutr: def 'e-no:nhai-vapko; hort 'e-no:nhai-vapkon]:

to wash one's hands ex: Nt o nno:nhai-vapko. I'Il wash my hands. 'E-g-no:nhai-vapkon! Wash your hands!

no:no see Vtr no:no = to bend obj no:no see Vintr no:no[a]g- =to turn in a certain direction no:no Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see no-) [Neutr: def no:no; hort and indef no:no.
Correl: no:no-k; immed: no:no-ka'i. Dur: no:noa-d]: to bend obj

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no:no/ eid
ex: Nt o 'i hano:no. I'll bend them. 'I hano:no! Bend them! M g ab 'i hano:noad! Keep on bending them! 'Ab 'al 'i no:nok 'an ha'icukaj 'al vu:p. Having bent them some, she tied them some with something.

no:no[a]g- Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see no[a]g-) [Neutr: def no:no; hort no:nog;
imper no:nogi-o. Compl: no:nogi-ok; immed: no:nogi-oka-'i]: to turn, make a turn in a certain direction ex: Tt o 'i no:no 'am tki: vui. We'll go back (turn toward) to our home. Tt o 'i no:no 'u:pam. We'll go back home (turn to where we came from). 'I g o no:nog 'am 'eki: vui! Go back to your home!

no:nogid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-noagid) [Neutr: def 'e-no:nog; indef and hort
'e-no:nogid. Correl: 'e-no:nogid-k; immed: 'e-no:nogid-ka-'i]: to turn oneself in a certain direction ex: ... mamt 'am o hihi ki:him da:m k gm hu o 'i 'eno:nog. ... that you(pl) will go above the village and over there turn around. Mt o 'i 'eno:nog 'am 'eki:k vui! Go back to your homes! Tt o 'i tno:nog 'am tki: vui. We'll go back to our home. 'I g o 'i 'eno:nogid 'am 'eki: vui! Go back to your home at once! ... ga hu o 'i 'eno:nogidk 'i a hu 'u:pam 'ep o dada. ... having turned around over there they will come back here.

no:nog see Vreflex 'e-no:nogid = to turn oneself in a certain direction (pls) no:nol see Stat nol = to have a branch, to branch out

e-

ei see Vintr e'e = to sing and dance ei see Vtr eid = to see, look at obj eicug Vintr [Neutr: indef eicug. Dur: eicuga-d]: to be awake while in motion (same
as iacug) ex: B(<'ab) 'a ab eicug. I am still awake (as when driving a car). B(<vab) o 'i eicugad! Keep your eyes open!

eid Vtr Unit (for Repet see ee'id) [Neutr: def ei; indef and hort eid. Correl:
eid-k. immed: eid-ka-'i. Compl: eid-ok; immed: eid-oka-'i. Dur: eida-d. Interr: eidahim.]: to see, look at, watch obj

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eid
ex: ..c 'am haha 'i ia hega'i keli k 'an ei. .. and the old man looked down there and he saw it. --..k 'an o 'i ei m'an da. ..and (you) will see where it is sitting (the moon in the sky). -- 'i haha 'ep o ei 'ep! look at it again! -- Si'alim 'ant o ei hega'i. I'll see him tomorrow.--Tako 'ont(<'ant) 'ab haei. I saw them yesterday. B(<'ab) 'ant haei g vepegi. I saw the movies. ia tp ga hu 'i ei g hemajkam. Well the people saw her 'am haha ei k 'am 'al daha g 'u'uvhig-nonha 'ama'i. then (I) looked and there were little birds' eggs sitting there. N g eid! Look at it up there (on something)! Vu:ak 'am eid! Go out and take a look at it! N(<'an) g si 'i eid! Look for it hard/ some more! Nap eid? Do you see me? ..mam hemu 'un(<'an) haeid g hahaa. ..(as) you all now see the saguaro cacti around. a(<va) voho 'am eid ma hab cu'igc 'ab ge sikol 'e:keg. They indeed (as she had told them) see that there seems to be a large circle of shade up there. Ku 'an meidc hekaj pi has a 'i nta:tk. I can see you around (I know you are around) and therefore I don't worry. Pi 'i(<'a) 'am hu a 'i eid. I have never been there (see it there).-- Pi 'i(<'a) 'ab hu eid. I never see him. -- M 'a haeid g 'a'al. I am watching the children down there. B(<'ab) 'a haeid g television mapt jiva. I was watching television when you arrived. 'am eidc hab kaij... Watching it (hearsay) he said... B(<hab) 'o kaijc 'an eid g ku:bs. He said as he was watching the smoke. 'ab a eid ma 'ab me. They watched (hearsay) him running (toward them). 'Am 'i vukec ga hu 'i kekivupc 'am eid. He keeps getting out (of the water), standing up on the bank, and taking a look. Kutt 'i'aji 'am o a(<va) meidad. From here we will be watching you down there. Pi 'im(<'am) hu o eidad! Don't be watching it! B(<'ab) 'ant ab o kia a 'i haeidad g television. I'll keep on watching television for a while. M g eidad, t o 'i da'idc. Could you(sg) keep an eye on it, it boils up (of milk). B(<'ab) g si elim eidad! Look straight at it! B(<'ab) 'a ab haeidahim. I am just having a look at them. 'In 'a ab a(<va) himhidc 'an eidahim g jevu. I am just walking around having a look at the land. -- ..'an 'i haeidahi matp 'an hab cu'ig ju:kamaj. ..he had a look at what seemed to be (written) in Mexican. 'I haeidahi g 'ehaivaga. He went to have a look at his cattle. --Pi 'int(<'ant) koi 'an hu 'i haeidahi. I have not checked them yet. -- eidka'i! Watch it for a short while (you sg)! -- eidka'io! Watch it for a short while (you pl)! -- M g eidka'i! Why don't you(sg) watch it for a while! --M g o 'i eidka'i! Why don't you(pl) watch it for a while! -- Kupt heg o eidk o 'i 'oidahi! After you see it, start following it (his track)! -- 'ab 'i haeidka'ik 'a hab kaij: having seen them he said: -- Hema 'an o 'i eidk hab o cei:Someone having seen me will say: -- Tp hab haha kaij g Ban 'an haeidoka'i hegam totova: Then Coyote said after seeing the turkeys: --M 'ant ab 'emeidok ghekaj 'ab 'i hi:. I just saw you(pl) down there, that is why I came. -- M 'at hu si 'emelic 'ab 'i eidok. He ran away at full speed as soon as he saw me. ha'icu eid VExpr: to be able to see, to have a view ex: 'amje 'am o ei ha'icu. from there (you) will have a view. Hegam pi eiadam 'at o ha'icu ei. The blind will see. a:cu 'u(<'a) ge eid. I can't see.

eid Vtr: to shine in obj's eyes

ex: Si eid g ta. The sun is shining in my eyes.

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eid/ eidamcud eid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ei; indef and hort 'e-eid. Dur: 'e-eida-d]: to see/ look at
oneself ex: 'I 'i(<'e)ei. He looked at himself. Himk 'ab 'i 'i(<'e)eid! Go look at yourself! ... t o 'o(<'e)eidad g hemajkam c hab s'ap o 'eve:m ki:k. ... the people will see each other and thus they will live well with each other.

eid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ei]: to find out for oneself

ex: Kumt 'am o a(<va) 'eei. You(pl) will find out for yourselves. Nantp hi 'am o a(<va) ei hi a'a(<va'a), ntp hems o a(<va) nako. I'll find out for myself, maybe I can do it.

eid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ei; indef 'e-eid]: to be seen, to appear

ex: T 'i a vaha(<haha) va 'eei g na:nko ma:s ha'icu. Then the different kinds of things (that now exist) appeared (here on the earth). ia hab masma 'am 'eeid. Well, this is how she is usually seen.

eid Vreflex impers: to be highly probable, predictable

ex: B(<hab) 'o masma 'am 'eeid mat o si shoho'i hega'i. It is highly probable that she will enjoy that very much.

eidacug Vtr [Neutr: indef eidacug. Dur: eidacuga-d]: to be looking at/ watching for
obj while moving ex: ... 'in himhimc eidacug g u:dag, scuhugam ma gve:m ab hu:l bijim. ... as he goes around and around he sees water, darkness which are whirling around with him. 'An g haeidacugad g cu:v! Watch for rabbits (as when hunting rabbits from a car)!

eidaku N indiv [pl: eeidaku]: mirror, glass eidaku in me:k-ha'icu-eidaku NComp indiv: field glasses, telescope eidam s- V subst tr: to wish to see obj
ex: a:cu 'up(<'ap) seidam? What would you like to see? ... ma heg seidam hega'i matp u 'em'u:gcuga. I wish to see whoever is your headman. Nap seidamk 'i hab jiva? Do you wish to see him (did you come here wishing to see him)? Smeidamk 'i hab jiva. He came here to see you.

eidam s-ta Adv: interesting to see, worth seeing eidamcud s- Vimpers dtr [Neutr: def s-eidamc]: to make obj feel like seeing
something/somebody ex: Seidamc hega'i. I'd like to see him (now).

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eidamk/ eijig eidamk s- Stat: to want to see obj

ex: a:cu 'up(<'ap) seidamk? What do you want to see?

eidamk s-cu Stat sgs [pls: s-cu-eeidamk]: to be curious to see things

ex: Heg 'o scueidamk/ ha'icu seidamk). He is curious. Scu-'o-eidamk hega'i keli. He is curious, that old man. Scu-'um(<'am)-eidamk. You(pl) are curious.

eidamkam s-cu N subst sg [pl: s-cu-eeidamkam]: one curious to see things eidamkam vu s-cu Stat sgs: to be curious to see things
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) scueidamkam/ha'icu seidamkam. He is one who is curious.

eidc semi Stat [Neutr: indef eidc. Dur: eidci-d. Interr: eid-c=ka-him]: to be
observing obj ex: M g ab 'i eidcid! Keep on observing it/him! G hu jivak 'am ab eidckahim. He got down there and just observed him.

eidc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: def hort and indef 'e-eidc. Dur: 'e-eidci-d. Interr: 'eeidc=ka-him]: to observe, examine oneself ex: G 'i 'i(<'e)eidc! Examine yoursel

eidma s-ta Stat sgs [Neutr: indef s-ta-eidma; def s-ta-eidmak. Dur: s-taeidma=ka-d. Interr: s-ta-eidma=ka-him]: to be interesting to see, worthwhile seeing ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-eidma g keihina. The dancing is worthwhile seeing. T o staeidamk. It'll be worthwhile seeing.

eidmakam s-ta N subst sg: one worthwhile seeing, interesting to see eidmakam vu s-ta Stat sgs: to be one worthwhile seeing, interesting to see eijid in hejel 'e-eijid VExpr reflex [Neutr: def and hort hejel 'e-eijid]: to pick out
what one wants ex: Nant 'am hejel o 'i eijid? Can I pick out what I want? M(<'am) g hejel 'i 'i(<'e)eijid! (Why don't you) pick out what you want!

eijig s- N: a woman dangerous to see for her close relatives (either a girl at her first
menstruation or a woman with her newborn baby) ex: 'Ekulamadk 'ab 'e'a: g seijig. Having looked for the cause of the disease he diagnosed a woman-dangerous-to-see.

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eijig/ enaan eijig vu s- Stat Expr: to be a woman dangerous to see for her close relatives
ex: D(<vu) 'ok seijig. It's a woman-dangerous-to-see (who is the cause of the illness). 'Ekulamadk 'ab 'e'a: ma u ab seijig. Having looked into the cause of the illness he diagnosed a woman-dangerous-to-see.

em N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ema-j); pl/distr: e:em]: liver (of a person) em in ha'icu em NExpr indiv: liver (of an animal) emaj N inalien: liver of a specified animal (its liver) emaj-hido NComp inalien mass: liver stew en Vintr sgs [Neutr: def e:; hort en; imper ena-. Correl: en-k; immed: en-ka-'i.
Interr: en-him]: to wake up (same as ia) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o 'oi e: si'alim. I am not going to wake up early tomorrow. Nt o a 'i si'alimk e: si'alim. I'll wake up real early tomorrow. ena! Wake up! M 'apt o 'i vai mat o enhid. Call me when he is waking up. Nt o enk o mvuha. I'll wake up and wake you up.

enamcud s- Vtr impers sgo (for plo see s-ennamcud) [Neutr: def s-enamc; indef
s-enamcud]: to cause obj to feel like waking up ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu a 'i enamcud. I usually don't feel like waking up (I have difficulty waking up in the morning).

enaa Vtr: to check obj

ex: ... 'in 'at vesko vo 'i enaa 'i:da'a do'ag. ... he will check every corner of (all over) this mountain every time.

enaa Vintr: to stay awake

ex: B(<'ab) g si je:jenk hekaj 'ab o 'i enaa. Take a good puff in order to stay awake.

enaaa Vtr: to check obj reiteratedly enaan Vtr [Neutr: def enaa; indef and hort enaan. Dur: enaana-d. Interr:
enaana-him]: to check obj (same as enaa?) ex: Napt 'am a(<va) si 'i enaa? Did you check it completely? Napt vesko 'i enaa? Did you check it all over? Himk 'am 'i enaan mas hascu hab cei! Go and check what that noise was! N g ab 'i enaanad! Keep on checking it! M 'a enaanahim. I am checking it (to see whether everything is all right).

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enaan/ enhogid enaan Vintr [Interr: enaana-him]: to wake up

enaanahim 'o. He is waking up.

enaanamcud s- Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see s-ennaanamcud) [Neutr: indef senaanamcud]: to cause obj to feel awake/ alert continually ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu a 'i enaanamcud. I usually don't feel like being alert

enaancud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ennaancud) [Neutr: def 'e-enaanc; hort
e-enaancud]: to make oneself wake up, to make an effort to wake up ex: B(<'ab) g si je:jenk hekaj 'ab o 'i eenaanc! Take a good puff in order to wake (yourself) up! 'I 'i(<'e)enaancud! Wake (yourself) up!

enaa s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-enaa; def s-enaa=k. Dur: s-enaa=ka-d);
pls: s-ennaa]: to be alert, awake ex: (<'a) ab kia senaa. I am still alert. (<'a) ab si senaa. I am wide awake. C(<'ac) ab kia sennaa. We are still alert. Senaa 'a, pi 'int(<'ant) o a 'i koi. I am alert, I won't fall asleep. S'ap ko:ka'ik o senaakad si'alim! Have a good sleep so that you will be alert tomorrow!

encud in pi encud VExpr tr impers [Neutr: def pi enc. Interr: pi encuda-him]: to

cause obj to get an eye disease ex: Pi 'it(<'at) enc. I have got an eye disease (temporarily). Pi 'o encudahim. I am getting an eye disease.

endag in pi endag NExpr: eye disease

ex: Heg 'atk 'ai g pi endag. He caught an eye disease (eye disease caught up with him).

enho see Vintr enhog = to give a sweeping look, to look all around enhog Vintr [Neutr: def enho; indef and hort enhog; concurs enhog-c. Dur:
enhoga-d]: to give a sweeping look, to look all around (with ve:gaj present or implied) ex: Pt o 'eve:gaj 'i enho! (You will) look all around you! N g 'i enhog! Look all around (scan the horizon)! Ku 'an enhogc hab kaij ... While scanning (hearsay) the horizon he said ... B(<vab) o 'i enhogad! Keep on looking all around (scanning the horizon)!

enhogid Vtr [Neutr: def enhog; indef and hort enhogid. Dur: enhogida-d]: to look
all around for obj ex: N 'ant o a(<va) 'i enhog. I'll look all around for it. N g 'i enhogid, 'am hu a(<va) vo'o. (Why don't you) look all around for it, it was lying there (I saw it, I am sure). Nap 'an a(<va) cum enhogid? Have you really tried your best to look all around for it?

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enhog/ ehol enhog see Vtr enhogid = to look all around for obj enna Vintr Repet (for Unit see ia) sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: indef enna. Dur:
enna-d. Interr: enna-him]: to look repeatedly in a certain direction ex: Tp 'ea 'am 'i enna 'e'oidc hega'i 'alicu. Meanwhile he keeps looking behind himself, the youngest boy. 'Am 'i ennahim 'e'oidc k haha me:. He looked behind himself several times and then ran off.

enna Vintr Repet (for Unit see ia) sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: def enna. Dur:
enna-d. Interr: enna-him]: to wake up repeatedly ex: Vevkc'e 'a enna. I wake up at seven. Cu:dp 'ola 'ab 'a enna. I wake up at six o'clock. Pi 'o hejel enna. He does not wake up by himself (he has to be awakened). Nt o ennad ves si'alig 'ab cu:dp 'ola 'e. I will wake up every morning at six o'clock. Hek hu ma vevkc'e ennahim. Before, I would (always) wake up at seven.

ennamcud s- Vtr impers plo (for sgo see s-enamcud) [Neutr: def s-ennamc;
indef s-ennancud]: to cause object to feel like waking up ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<ab) hu a tennamcud. We usually don't feel like waking up (we have difficulty in the morning).

ennaanamcud s- Vtr impers plo (for sgo see s-enaamcud) [Neutr: indef sennaanamcud]: to cause obj to feel awake, alert

ennaancud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-enaancud) [Neutr: def 'e-ennaanc; hort
'e-ennaancud]: to make oneself wake up, to make an effort to wake up ex: B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<e)ennaancud! Wake (yourselves) up!

ennaa see Stat s-enaa = to be alert, awake eebig see N e:big = mythological monster, maybe dinosaur eeidaku see N eidaku = mirror, glass eeidaku-vu:pui NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg -eeidaku-vu:pui=ga]: a
pair of glasses (also called vu:pui)

eeidamk see Stat s-cu-eidamk = to be curious to see things eeidamkam see subst N s-cu-eidamkam = one curious to see things eepo see N epo = nighthawk eepoag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of nighthawks in one location ehol see N ihol = servant, slave

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eia/ eiok eia Vintr pls (for sgs see ia) [Neutr: def, indef and hort eia: to look in a certain
direction ex: Ta:tai g o 'i eia! Look upward! 'I eia 'a(<'e)'o'oidk. They looked behind themselves. Kumt 'am 'u:gk o 'i eia! Look way up there!

eia Vintr pls (for sgs see ia) [Neutr: def, indef and hort eia; imper eia-yo. Dur:
eia-d. Interr: eia-him]: to wake up ex: ... mamt si'alimk o eia, vab 'i scuhugamk 'amt o eia! ... that you(pl) will wake up early in the morning, before dawn wake up! B(<'ab) g o 'i eia! Wake up! eiahim 'o. They are about to wake up. M 'apt o 'i vai mat o eiahid. Call me when they are (in the process of) waking up.

eia semi Stat intr pls (for sgs see ia): to be looking in a certain direction, to have
one's eyes cast in a certain direction ex: 'I o hob(<hab) eiac daha. They are sitting with their eyes cast in this direction.

eia semi Stat intr pls (for sgs see ia): to be awake
ex: No eia? Are they awake?

eia s- semi Stat intr pls (for sgs see s-ia): to have good sight, good eyes, to see well
ex: Hegam 'o seia. They have good sight. pi eia semi Stat Expr intr pls (for sgs see pi ia): to be blind, inobservant ex: Hegam 'o pi eia. They are blind. -- Hegam o pi eiahim. They are getting blind.

eiadam see N subst s-iadam = one with good sight, good eyes eiadam see Stat Expr vu s-iadam = to be one with good sight eiadam see NExpr pi iadam = a blind one eiadam see Stat Expr vu pi iadam = to be a blind one eialimam see N subst ialimam = one who goes and begs for food, a sponger eialimkam see N subst s-cu-ialimkam = beggar, sponger e[i]avul see N iavul = devil eiavul vu Stat Expr: to be caused by the devils (madness and delirium tremens)
ex: D(<vu) 'ok eiavul. The devils are responsible (there is evidence).

eio see Vintr eiok = to talk, speak eiok Vintr pls (for sgs see iok) [Neutr: def eio; indef eiok; imper eiok-o,
hort eiok. Dur: eioka-d. Interr: eiok[i]-him]: to talk, to speak ex: M 'o hi a(<va) 'eve:m eiok. They are over there talking to each other. Mt ab o eiokadc pi 'am has o 'e'e:'elidad! You(pl) just talk, don't be shy!

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eiok/ e'ek eiok in 'e-vui eiok VExpr intr: to argue with each other (two people)
ex: ... mat g haje'e 'am o 'evui eio 'am 'ema:ma haveheji. ... the way (two) mothers will argue with each other taking the side of their own children. Babgatk 'evui eiok. Having gotten angry they are arguing with each other.

ee'id Vtr Repet (for Unit see eid) [Neutr: indef ee'id. Dur: ee'ida-d]: to
see/ look at obj repeatedly ex: 'I 'o daivc 'i ee'id. They come here to see me repeatedly. ... matp 'am hihhimc 'am ee'id. ... (that) they repeatedly go there and look at it. ab si ha'a hegam 'u'uv 'ab 'i haee'idc ... They just laugh at them, those girls, every time they look at them ... Cum 'a hekid 'ab ee'id. I see him each time (each time I go there). Vat o m'e'ebeidad mat hekid o 'i mee'idad. He will be afraid of you every time he sees you. ... mat u o 'i gi'ik takad mamt 'am o ho(<ha)ee'idad. ... every four days (go and) look at them over there!

epi N alien aggreg [1st pers sg -epi=ga]: a variety of squash epo N indiv [pl: eepo]: nighthawk, whippoorwill e'e Vintr Unit (for Repet see e'e) [Neutr: def ei; indef e'e; imper sgs e'i-, pls
e'i-vo; hort e:-'i. Correl: e'e-k; immed: e'e-ka-'i. Compl: e'i-ok; immed: e'i-oka-'i. Interr: e'i-him; concurs e'ihim-c.]: to sing (and dance) ex: ia gami 'atp hu ge cuhug ei. Well they sang and danced all night long until. T o ha'i ei. They are going (hearsay) to sing and dance a few (songs). ia b(<hab) 'a kaidam e'ihim. Well, that is how the singing sounded (hearsay). ia k a(<va) voho 'am o 'i e'ihimc 'atp 'am he'ekia 'i gi'ik e'i vo 'a:, 'am o dahaiva. Well indeed (as he told them) they will sing and dance for a while and after every four songs they will sit down e'ihim 'o c 'am him. He is singing as he is walking. 'O 'om(<'am) himadc e'ihim. There he walks while singing. 'An 'at o himadc o e'ihid. He will be singing as he walks. G o hu e'e ciopc'e. They are singing in church. G 'ac hu e'e ciopc'e ves domig. We sing in church every Sunday. M g o ob(<vab) 'i e'ed! Why don't you keep on singing! ..ha'as o e'ek 'am o dahaiva. ..they will stop singing and sit there.

e'edam N sg: singer e'edam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a singer ex: D(<vu) 'o e'edam. He is a singer. e'edam in hejel-e'edam NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -hejel-e'edam=ga);
pl: hejel-e'edam]: phonograph

e'ek see Vintr e'e = to sing (and dance)

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e'i-/ e'icud e'i- see Vintr e'e = to sing (and dance) e'i N: singing, act of singing e'i N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg e'i-j); pl/distr: e'ei]: song
ex: Nap hema sma:c g e'i? Do you know a song? Nap ha'i shama:c g e'ei? Do you know a few songs? He'ekia 'ap 'i e'ei shama:c? How many songs do you know? Go:k 'a hi shama:c hegam e'ei. I know two songs (I think). T hea'i mu'i vo ho(<ha)mai 'idam e'ei, vo skeg e'ic g 'e'e'es ... He who will learn many of my songs will sing successfully (well) for his crops. Vuaga e'i NExpr(?) indiv [pl: Vuaga e'ei]: Vuaga songs (and dances) ex: Nap sma:c 'i:da'a Vuaga e'i? Do you know this Vuaga song? Nap ha'i shama:c g Vuaga e'ei? Do you know a few Vuaga songs? 'a:g g e'i VExpr: to sing (tell) a song ex: M(<'am) g hema 'a:g g 'ee'i! (Why don't you) sing one song of yours! M g ha'i ha'a:g g 'ee'ei! (Why don't you) sing a few of your songs! -- ..c 'atp 'am he'ekia 'i gi'ik e'i vo 'a:, 'am o dahaiva. ..and after every four songs they will sit down. 'i noag g e'i VExpr: to sing the refrain of a song (to turn back at a certain point)

e'i Stat sing [mult: e'ei]: to have a song

ex: Nap ha'i e'ei? Do you(sg) have a few songs? He'ekia 'ap 'i e'ei? How many songs do you(sg) have?

e'ibbim Vintr Repet (for Unit see e'ibi[ji]m) pls (for sgs see da'ibbim) [Neutr:
indef e'ibbim]: to go fast past, around (with locative complement expressed or implied) repeatedly

e'ibij see e'ibi[ji]m = to go fast past, around e'ibi[ji]m Vintr Unit (for Repet see e'ibbim) pls (for sgs see da'ibi[ji]m) [Neutr:
def e'ibij; hort e'ibim]: to go fast past, around (with locative complement expressed or implied) ex: Gi'ikho 'on(<'an) 'i e'ibij ki: ve:gaj. Four times they ran around the house. N g o hu 'i e'ibim ki: ve:gaj! Run around the house! hugid 'an e'ibij. They overtook me.

e'icud Vtr [Neutr: def e'ic; indef and hort e'icud. Correl: e'icud-k; immed: e'icudka-'i. Dur: e'icuda-d]: to sing and dance for obj ex: Na'ans ab o e'ic hega'i Ho'ok. I am planning on singing for that Witch. T hea'i mu'i vo ho(<ha)mai 'idam e'ei, vo skeg e'ic g 'e'e'es. He who will learn many of my songs will sing successfully for his crops. M g hema e'icud! Why don't you sing me one (song)! M g ha'i e'icud! (Why don't you) sing me a few (songs)! e'icud 'o. They are singing and dancing for it. ... mat o e'icudk o mua. ... (it is said) that having sung for her he will kill her.

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e'icud/ e'idcid e'icud Vreflex [Neutr: 'e-e'ic]: to be sung for

ex: Begi k hab 'evua mat go:k scuhugamaj 'am o 'ee'ic hega'i navait. Well, and what is usually done is that for two nights the wine will be sung for.

e'icud Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-ne'ic]: there is singing and dancing for an obj ex:
T o 'o(<'e)e'ic. There is going (hearsay) to be singing and dancing (for something/somebody). ... 'amje 'atp 'am hi a(<va) 'ep 'ee'ic 'ep. ... after that (from there) the singing and dancing for her (the Witch) was resumed. ia tp 'am hab ooiga hegam c heba'i ha'icu 'am o sta:had matp o 'ee'ic matp hascu 'am o 'i has 'eju:. Well, thus they have them (the birds) as pets whenever there is some rejoicing, whenever there is singing and dancing (for something/somebody), whenever there is an unusual event.

e'icuda N: act of singing and dancing for an obj

ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-kakaima g e'icuda. The singing is interesting to listen to. ... no pi 'ea g e'icuda vu a(<va) 'i hapiast g hemajkam. ... because at the time singing and dancing was the only feast of the people.

eicudas (dial: e'iculidas) Stat tr: there is a song and dance for obj
ex: ... k 'am hab haha e'icudas ku pi ma:c hega'i e'i. ... and then there is a song for it but I don't know that song.

e'idag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-e'eidag]: to be good at singing

ex: Heg 'o se'idag. He is good at singing. Hegam se'eidag. They are good at singing.

e'idame Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see ne'io) [Neutr: def e'idam; hort e'idame]: to
go sing and dance at the singing ground ex: Nt o e'im. I'll go and sing and dance.

e'idc Vintr pls (for sgs see da'idc) [Neutr: def and hort e'idc]: to get to the top very
fast/ to boil up once ex: ... 'am o 'i e'idc gda:m kavulk. They will reach the top of the hill at full speed. M g o 'i e'idc kavulk da:m! Get to the top of the hill at full speed!

e'idce Vintr pls (for sgs see da'idce) [Neutr: indef e'idce. Dur: e'idcea-d]: to
get to the top very fast/ to boil up, reiteratedly

e'idcid Vtr pls (for sgs see da'idcid) [Neutr: def e'idcid. Correl: e'idcid-k; immed:
e'idcid-ka-'i]: to climb to the top of obj once ex: 'am o 'i e'idcidk ... after climbing to the top of it ...

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e'idkam/ e'e e'idkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-e'eidkam]: one good at singing e'iku N inalien indiv [pl/distr: e'eiku]: singing and dancing ground e'io Vintr pls (for sgs see e'ime) [Neutr: def e'io]: to go sing and dance at the
singing ground ex: Tt o e'io. We'll go sing and dance.

e'iopa Vintr pls (for sgs see da'ivu[a]) [Neutr: def and hort e'iopa; imper
e'iopa-yo. Correl: e'iopa-k; immed: e'iopa-ka-'i]: to rush/ dash out once ex: e'iopa 'at g sisivlok! The whirlwinds are out! e'iopa 'att. We escaped. ..t ves e'iopa g 'o:'oj. ..all of his bones fell out (of his skull). e'iopayo! Dash out (all of you)! Cu:v 'am e'iopak gm hu si 'i(<'e)vo:po'ic. Rabbits having dashed out (of the bushes) ran away at full speed.

e'iopag Vintr pls or mult (for sgs or sing see da'ivuag) [Neutr: indef e'iopag;
concurs e'iopag-c]: to rush/ dash out in a continuous way ex: e'iopagc 'ab 'i 'ep va:pkc 'am 'ep e'iopag. They keep dashing out and coming in and dashing out again. u:dag 'am e'iopag. There are several springs down there.

e'e in 'i e'e Vintr Repet (for Unit see 'i e:e) pls (for sgs see 'i dade) [Neutr:
indef e'e. Dur: e'e-d]: to jump repeatedly ex: 'I e'ec cu:cudvup. They keep jumping up and down (they jump repeatedly and land on both feet repeatedly). B(<'ab) 'o 'i e'e vaika da:m. They keep jumping this way over the ditch. Mt ab o 'i e'ed! Just keep on jumping ! M g o e'ed! Why don't you(pl) keep on jumping!

e'e Vintr Repet (for Unit see e:e'e) pls (for sgs see dade) [Neutr: indef e'e;
concurs e'e-c]: to fly repeatedly; to take the plane repeatedly ex: Cucul 'o pi e'e. Chickens do not fly. 'Am hu a(<va) e'ec 'ep daivup. They fly there repeatedly and come back.

e'e Vintr [Neutr: indef e'e]: to give off sparks (said of a fire)
ex: Si e'e g tai. The fire is giving off lots of sparks.

e'e Vintr pls (for sgs see dade) [Neutr: def and indef e'e. Dur: e'e-d]: to buck
ex: Si 'it(<'at) e'e hegam kakavyu. They sure bucked, those horses.

e'e Vintr Repet (for Unit see e'e) [Neutr: indef e'e. Dur: ee-d]: to sing and
dance repeatedly ex: G 'ac hu e'e ciopc'e ves domig. We sing in church every Sunday. Hehe'ejel 'amt 'am o e'ed g 'ee'ei! Each one will sing one after the other your respective songs!

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e'edam/ e'eim e'edam see N da'adam and dadedam = airplane e'edkam s- N indiv [pl: s-e''edkam]: a group of singers, a choir e'edkam vu s- Stat Expr sing: to be the singers of one group, choir
ex: Hegam 'o (<vu) se'edkam. They are the singers.

e'ei see N e'i = song e'ei see Stat e'i = to have a song e'eicud Vtr Repet (for Unit see e:ncud) plo (for sgo see dadaicud) [Neutr: indef
e'eicud. Dur: e'eicuda-d]: to throw obj repeatedly; to dump obj ex: Ba:p hab e'eicud? Where do you dump things?

e'eid s- Vtr: to be watching obj carefully, diffidently

ex: Heg g hu a 'i se'eid hega'i 'o'odham. They were watching that man diffidently.

e'eid Vreflex [Neutr: hort 'e-e'eid. Correl: 'e-e'eid-k; immed: 'e-e'eid-ka-'i]: to

watch out, to be careful ex: 'E-g-e'eid! Watch out you(sg)! 'E-g-e'eidka'i vat o m'agckva! Watch out, he is going to horn you! 'E-g-o-'eeeidka'i! Watch out you(pl)!

e'eid s- Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort s-'e-e'eid. Correl: s-'e-e'eid-k; immed: s-'ee'eid-ka-'i]: to watch out, to be extra careful ex: Vo s'ee'eidc pi 'ab hu o a 'i je:j. Be extra careful not to smoke it at all! S'e-geeid! Be extra careful!

e'e[i]dag s- Stat pls (for sgs see s-dadeidag) [Neutr: indef s-e'eidag]: to have a
propensity to buck, to buck repeatedly

e'eidag see of Stat s-e'idag = to be good at singing e'eidk, e'eidka'i see Vreflex 'e-e'eid = to watch out, to be careful e'eidk, e'eidka'i see Vreflex s-'e-e'eid = to watch out, to be extra careful e'e[i]dkam see N subst s-dadeidkam = one having a propensity to buck e'eidkam see s-e'idkam = one good at singing e'eiku see N e'iku = singing and dancing ground e'eim s- V subst intr pls (for sgs see s-dadeim): to wish to buck

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e'eimk/ e:ncud e'eimk s- Stat pls (for sgs see s-dadeimk) [Neutr: indef s-e'eim=k. Dur: se'eim=ka-d]: to like/ want to buck ex: No se'eimk? Do they like to buck?

e'eimkam see N subst s-dadeimkam = ones liking, wishing to buck; rodeo horses e'iokam see N subst s-i'okam = one who is talkative e'iokam see Stat Expr vu s-i'okam = to be one who is talkative e'iok see N i'ok = language e'iok see N aggreg i'ok = words e'iok[] see Stat si'ok[] = to be talkative e''edkam see N s-e'edkam = a group of singers, a choir

e:-

e: see Vintr en- = to wake up e:big N indiv [pl: e[e]big]: mythological monster
ex: Mo hi u(<vu) a(<va) vatop. (A e:big is) that which is a fish (I think).

e:ncud (assim of *e:cud; redupl of *e'icud) Vtr Unit (for Repet see e'eicud) plo (for sgo see da'icud) [Neutr: def e:nc; indef and hort e:ncud. Correl: e:ncud-k;
immed: e:ncud-ka-'i. Dur: e:ncuda-d]: to throw obj ex: M g hu e:ncud hegam tatpial! (Could you) throw away those pieces of paper! M 'ant hu o e:nc. I'll throw them away. ... 'am hae:nc hegam 'eooiga hegvui do'ag. ... they threw their pets (birds) towards that mountain. M 'a hu e:ncud g tatpial. I am throwing pieces of paper away.

e:ncud (assim of *e:cud; redupl of *e'icud) Vtr [Neutr: def e:nc; indef e:ncud.
Dur: e:ncuda-d]: to winnow obj ex: Napt o e:nc g 'epilkaga? Are you going to winnow your wheat? Nap e:ncud g 'epilkaga? Do you winnow your wheat?

e:ncud (assim of *e:cud; redupl of e'icud) Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-da'icud)
[Neutr: def 'e-e:nc]: to be thrown ex: ... mat 'am hekaj o 'eohi g ginsku k o 'ee:nc. ... with which the gins tubes are hit and thrown.

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e:ncudacud/ e:e'e e:ncudacud (assim of *e:cudacud; redupl of *e'icudacud) Vdtr plo (for sgo see da'icudacud) [Neutr: def e:ncudac; hort e:ncudacud]: to throw obj to somebody e:na Vtr [Neutr: def e:na; indef e:na. Dur: e:na-d. Interr: e:na-him]: to wait
for obj (same as iahim) ex: Nt o me:na. I'll wait for you. e:na 'a. I am waiting for him. 'I 'ant ab o 'i me:nad jegk 'ea. I'll just wait for you outside. 'I ant ab o 'i me:nad 'apt o 'i 'enako. I'll just wait for you here until you are ready. Pi g 'i hu e:nad. Don't wait for me here! e:nadka'i! Wait for me a while! ia, tsp 'am hab 'i cum e:nahim g 'o'odham. Well, thus the people waited for him in vain. Nt ab gevko cum e:nahimc. I am tired of waiting for him in vain.

e: see Vintr 'i e:[e-]= to jump e: see Vintr e:e'e = to fly (pls) e: N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg e:ni-j); pl: ee; 3rd pers pl: ha-e:, ha-ee ;
distr: e:e'e]: tongue of a person ex: Mo ab tci 'ab ke:k. (The tongue is) that which is (stands) in our mouth. Mac hekaj iok. (The tongue is) that with which we speak.

e: in ha'icu e: NExpr indiv: tongue of an animal

haiva-e: NComp indiv: beef tongue

e:e- in Vintr 'i e:e- Unit (for Repet see 'i e'e) pls (for sgs see 'i da'a-)
[Neutr: def 'i e:; hort 'i e:e[-'i]. Correl: 'i e:-k; immed: 'i e:-ka-'i]: to jump ex: Mt ab o 'i e:! Go ahead and jump! (you(pl) will just jump) B(<'ab) 'at 'i e: vaika da:m. They jumped this way over the ditch. M g o 'i e:e['i])! Why don't you(pl) jump! ... t g 'o:'ogaj 'am 'i e:k 'am hab da:m 'am 'o'o hega'i 'oks ... ... his tears dropped down there and dripped on the old woman.

e:em see N em = liver e:e'e Vintr Unit (for Repet see e'e) pls (for sgs see da'a) [Neutr: def e:.; indef
e:e'e; hort e:ne['i]; imper e:e'i-o. Correl: e:-k; immed: e:-ka-'i. Dur: e:e'e-d. Interr: e:e'e-him.]: to fly (birds); to take a plane ex: M 'at hu e:. They flew away. T o 'i e:. They are going to fly (hearsay). e:e'io! Fly away! Gam g o hu e:e['i]! Why don't you(pl) fly away! M 'at hu e:k 'ep dada. They flew there and came back. k 'an o e:k 'an o hihimk, hihimk. and they will fly and go, go ..e:k 'an hab m'iava 'ana'i. ..they flew and dropped down there. Hahava 'o 'on(<'an) ha'i e:e'e. A few crows are flying by. e:e'ehim g hahava. (A flock of) crows are flying by (one after the other).

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e:e'icug/ ia e:e'icug Vintr pls (for sgs see da'icug) [Neutr: def e:e'icug. Dur: e:e'icuga-d]:
to fly, travel by plane (to move in a flying object)

e:ij N indiv [pl: eeij]: tongue of an animal (its tongue)

ex: Go:k 'ant o ho(<ha)'ui g e:ij/eeij). I'll get two tongues.

e:im N subst: one with a tongue

cev e:im NExpr: a tell-tale (one with a long tongue) 'olas e:im NExpr: one who is tongue-tied (one with a tongue rolled into a ball)

e:k see Vintr 'i e:[e] = to jump (pls) e:k see Vintr e:e'e = to fly (pls) e:'e Excl: look! (same as ia'a) e:'i see Vintr e'e = to sing and dance

i-

ia Conj: well (similar to begi)

ex: ia k hab masma 'am 'i ha'apec. Well, and that is how she solved their problems. ia c gm hu hab haha haooigat. Well, and after that they make them (the birds) into their pets.

ia (dial: ea) Vtr [Neutr: def ia; hort ia-'i]: to beg food of obj, to sponge from obj
(same as ia) ex: Nt ab o 'ol(<'al) haia. I'll just sponge some (food) from them. Pi g 'am haia'i! Don't beg food of them!

ia (dial: ea) Vintr Unit (for Repet see enna) sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: def ia;
hort ia[-'i]]: to look in a certain direction ex: ... c 'am haha 'i ia hega'i keli k 'an ei ... and then the old man looked down there and saw it. 'U:pam 'i ia hega'i 'alicu k hab kaij ... The youngest boy looked in the direction from which he came and said ... B(<'ab) g 'i ia'i! Look this way! M g hu 'i ia'i! Look over there! 'Im g hab ha'ap 'i 'ep ia'i! Look also the other way! 'E'oidc g 'i ia'i! Look behind you! Ku:gam g 'i ia'i! Turn around and look (look in the back)! M g ta'i ia'i! Look upward! Gahi g 'i ia'i! Look to the side! Ga:ghai g 'i ia'i! Look out of the corner of your eyes!

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ia/ iacug ia Vintr Unit (for Repet see enna) sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: def ia; hort
ia['i]; imper ia-; concurs: ia-c. Interr: ia-him]: to wake up (same as en) ex: Vevkc'e 'ant ia. I woke up at seven. k 'am hu heba'i matp 'ab haha hema 'i ia. and some time later one of them woke up. 'am hu heba'i himdam matp 'am 'i ia. after a certain amount of time she woke up. Pt ab 'i scuhugamk o ia! Wake up just before dawn (when it's still dark)! 'I ia'i! Wake up! M 'apt o 'i vai mat o iahid! Call me when he is in the process of waking up! -'Ab 'i iak hab kaij... Having awakened he said...

ia semi Stat intr sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: indef ia. Dur: ia-d. Interr: ia=kahim]: to be looking in a certain direction, to have one's eyes cast in a certain direction ex: 'Im hab huig vui ia. He has his eyes cast in the direction of the west. ia k 'im hab aha ha'ap 'ep iak dahiva 'im hab vi:im ta:gio. Well, and then she sat down with her eyes cast in the direction of the north. 'I 'o hob(<hab) iac da. He is sitting with his eyes cast in this direction. 'Am g ab 'i iad! Keep your eyes cast in that direction! elim g iad heg'ea m'ab 'o'ohoag! Keep your eyes cast straight ahead on what is written there (as when having your eyes examined). 'I 'o hob(<hab) cum iakahim. He had his eyes cast in this direction (and then looked away).

ia semi Stat intr sgs (for pls see eia) [Neutr: indef ia. Dur: ia-d. Interr: ia=kahim]: to be awake ex: No ia? Is he awake? (<'a) ab kia ia. I am still awake. B(<'ab) g ab 'i iad! Stay awake! B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) 'i iakahim. He was awake (but went back to sleep).

ia s- semi Stat intr [Neutr: indef s-ia. Dur: s-ia-d. Interr: s-ia=ka-him]: to have good
sight, good eyes, to see well ex: Heg 'o sia. He has good sight. Pt haha 'ep o siad. You will recover your good vision (you will be good sighted again). Heg 'o cum siakahim. He used to have good sight. pi ia semi Stat Expr intr sgs (for pls see pi eia) [Neutr: indef pi ia. Dur: pi ia-d; concurs pi ia-d-c. Interr: pi ia-him]: to be blind, inobservant ex: Heg 'o pi ia. He is blind. Pi 'i(<'a) ia. I am blind. Heg 'o pi iahim. He is becoming blind. Heg 'o pi iadc pi hekid ha'icu cecega 'am cum 'etahaedc. Not being observant, he does not find anything when he is being asked for something.

iac semi Stat intr [Neutr: iac. Dur: iaci-d]: to have one's eyes in a certain direction
ex: M g ab 'i iacid! Keep your eyes in that direction!

iacug Vintr [Neutr: indef iacug. Dur: iacuga-d. Interr: iacuga-him]: to be looking
in a certain direction while in motion ex: 'I 'o hob(<hab) iacug. He is looking this way (as he is walking or passing by in a car). 'I 'o hob(<hab) cum iacugahim. He was looking this way for a while (and then looked some other way). Gahi iacug. He is looking sideways.

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iacug/ ialimam iacug Vintr [Neutr: iacug. Dur: iacuga-d]: to be awake while in motion (same as
eicug) ex: B(<vab) 'i iacugad! Keep your eyes open!

iadam N aggreg: a plant (its flat round seeds are eaten) iadam s- N subst sg [pl: s-eiadam]: one with good sight, good eyes
pi iadam subst NExpr: [pl: pi eiadam]: one who is blind ex: Hegam pi eiadam 'at o ha'icu ei. The blind will see (things).

iadam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-eiadam]: to be one with good sight
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) siadam. He is one with good sight. pi iadam vu Stat Expr [pls: vu pi eiadam]: to be one who is blind ex: Heg 'o (<vu) pi iadam. He is one who is blind.

ia (dial: ea) Vtr [Neutr: indef ia. Correl: ia-k; immed: ia-ka-'i. Dur: iaad]: to beg food of obj, to sponge from obj (same as ia) ex: Cum 'o hekid ia hega'i. That fellow constantly begs food of me. Pi g 'am haiaad! Don't beg food of people! ... vo 'i haiak o hu: g Ho'ok-cu:kug. ... we will beg some of the Witch's flesh from someone and eat it. Ha-'a(<'o)-haia. He is begging food of somebody (speaker can see him). Heg 'o 'i hab a(<va) tia. That fellow begs food of us (constantly). Himk 'am ha'icu haiad! Go and ask someone for some food! Pi g 'am haia! Do not beg food of somebody!

iaa N inalien: food that was begged of somebody iaame see ialime = to go and beg food of obj iahim Vtr Interr: to wait for obj (same as e:na)
ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o miahi. I am not going to wait for you(sg). Pi 'itt(<'att) o miahi. We are not going to wait for you(sg). Pi 'int(<'ant) o ho(<ha)iahi. I am not going to wait for them. Pt o 'i iahi nt o 'ip s'ap civapa! Wait for me until I have moved things in properly! 'I iahim! Wait for me! a 'al 'i iahim! Wait for me a second! 'I 'a cum iahim. So far (here) I have been waiting in vain for him. 'I 'ant ab o 'i haiahid. I'll just wait for them here.--iahimka'i! Wait for me a short while!

ialimam (dial: ealimam) N subst sg [pl: eialimam]: one who goes and begs
for food, a sponger ex: B(<'ab) 'o 'ep him g ialimam! Here comes the sponger again!

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ialim[e]/ iok ialim[e]/ iaam[e] (dial: ealim[e]/eaam[e]) Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def
ialim/ iaam; hort ialime/iaame]: to go and beg food of obj, sponge from obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)ialim. I'll go and beg food of someone.

ialimkam (dial: ealimkam) s-cu N subst sg [pl: s-cu-eialimkam]: beggar, sponger iat in pi iat VExpr impers tr sgo [Neutr: def pi iat]: to make obj become blind
ex: Pi 'it(<'at) iat. I became blind (it made me become blind).

iavul N indiv [pl: e[i]avul]: devil (same as jiavul) ia'a Excl: look! (same as e:'e) ihol (dial: ehol) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ihol=ga-j); pl: ehol]: servant, slave io see Vintr iok = to talk, speak iok (dia: eok) Vintr sgs (for pls see eiok) [Neutr: def io; indef iok; concurs
iok-c; imper ioka-/ ioki-; hort iok. Correl: io-k; immed: io-ka-'i. Compl: iokok; immed: iok-oka-'i. Dur: ioka-d. Interr: iok[i]-him]: to talk, to speak ex: 'Id 'o cum hekid iok. He talks all the time. P hemu 'ida hab kaijc mu'i va 'i iok. You are now talking too much! M 'at hu si 'emelc ma 'am cum iok vui. He ran away at full speed when I tried to talk to him. Heba'i ki: hega'i 'o'odham map g'amje iok? Where does he live, that fellow you are talking about? a 'i s'ap iok 'O'odhamaj. He speaks 'O'odham quite well. Nap a(<va) s'amcud ma has kaij 'am 'O'odhamaj iokc? Do you understand what I say when I speak 'O'odham? Mu'i iokc ha'icukaj ko'okod. He said many hurtful things to me. P hascu 'a:gc pi iok 'O'odhamaj ve:m? Why don't you speak 'O'odham with me? Nt o 'ip 'a:i vepegk 'am iokoka'i, pt 'am haha 'ep hi vo io. I'll be the first one to talk then it will be your turn (to talk). M 'apt o a(<va) a 'i skaidam iokad! Could you speak louder! Skaidam g iok matt hab o mka:! Speak loudly so that we will hear you! Sba:bag g iok! Speak in a low voice! Tacu 'u(<'a) mant ha'icukaj o mve:m io. I want to talk to you about something. ioki 'O'odhamaj ve:m! Talk in 'O'odham with me! B(<'ab) 'o iokhim. I hear the sound of his voice (he is talking moving this way). B(<'ab) 'at hi: mo 'ob(<'ab) 'i iokihim? Where did he go, I hear his voice (coming thisway)? Ju:kam-iok VComp intr: to speak Mexican (see also Ju:kamaj iok) ex: Nap Ju:kam-iok? Do you speak Mexican? 'A hab haha si Ju:kam-iokc hab kaij... Then he said speaking in Mexican ... Milign-iok VComp intr sgs: to speak English (see also Milignaj iok) Pi:ma-iok VComp intr sgs: to speak Pima ex: Nap Pi:ma-iok? Do you speak Pima? 'O'odham-iok VComp intr sgs: to speak 'O'odham (see also 'O'odhamaj iok) ex: Koi s'ap 'O'odham-iok hega'i 'ali. The child does not yet speak good 'O'odham.

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iok/ i'okikam iok in pi keg iok VExpr intr sgs: to use bad language
ex: Pi g 'am pi keg iokad! Don't be using bad language! 'Am si pi keg io. He used very bad language.

iok in s-ta:hadam iok VExpr intr sgs: to tell a joke, to make a pun iok in veheji iok VExpr intr sgs: to speak for somebody
ex: B(<hab) 'a cum 'elid mapt 'am veheji o io heghekaj ma pi 'im(<'am) hu 'i si s'amicud 'ab siokimakam 'ab. I would like you to speak for me because I am not a good speaker (I don't know very well about good speaking).

i'okam s- N subst sg [pl: s-e'iokam]: one who is talkative i'okam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-e'iokam]: to be one who is talkative
ex: Heg 'o si'okam u 'o'odham. That fellow is a talkative one.

iokdam-ma:gina NComp indiv: radio set

ex: 'Idam 'o'odham 'am dadhakc ka: g iokdam-ma:gina. These fellows are sitting there listening to the radio.

iokdam in skaidam-iokdam NComp(?) indiv [pl: skaidam-eiokdam]:

loudspeaker

iokim s- V subst intr sgs: to wish to talk, speak

ex: 'Ab o 'i hi: ki: vui hekid o 'O'odhamaj siokim! Come to my house when you wish to speak 'O'odham! Cum 'o siokim mve:m. He would like to talk to you.

iokimakam s-'e N: art of speaking

ex: No s'e'amcud 'ab s'eiokimakam 'ab? Is he a good speaker (is he good at speaking)? Pi 'i(<'a) 'am hu 'i si s'amcud 'ab siokimakam 'ab. I am not a good speaker.

iokimcud s- Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def s-iokimc]: to make obj feel like speaking iokimk s- Stat intr sgs: to want to talk, speak iokimk in pa s-iokimk Stat Expr: to have a venomous tongue (to like to say
nasty things about people) ex: Heg 'o a 'i pa siokimk. She has a pretty venomous tongue.

iokimkam s- N subst sg: one who likes to talk a lot

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i'ok/ iokku i'ok (dial: e'ok) N: speech

ex: ... heghekaj mat koi mai g i'ok. ... because he does not know how to talk yet.

i'ok (dial: e'ok) N inalien aggreg [distr: e'iok]: words, language

'O'odham-i'ok NComp: 'O'odham words (see also NExpr 'O'odham ha-i'ok) ex: Ha'i ha'o''ohon g 'O'odham-i'ok ves takaj. He writes down some 'O'odham words every day. 'O'odham ha-i'ok NExpr: the 'O'odham language 'O'odham ha-e'iok NExpr: 'O'odham dialects

i'ok vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's words, language

ex: matp heg u si i'okij matp hab o cei: those are the very words she will utter:

i'ok Stat: to have a language, (a) word(s)

ex: Pi 'ic(<'ac) ha i'ok 'am table veheji. We do not have a word for table. Nac ge ha i'ok 'am g'ea hega'i Fairy God Mothers. We do not have any word for the Expression Fairy God Mothers.

i'ok[] s- Stat sgs [pls: s-e'iok[]: to be talkative

ex: Heg 'o si'ok. He is talkative. Hegam 'o se'iok. They are talkative.

i'ok[]cud (dial: i'ok[]culid) Vtr [Neutr: def i'ok; hort i'okcud]: to read
ex: Nt o i'okc 'i:da'a 'o'ohon. I'll read this book.

i'ok[]cud (dial: i'ok[]culid) Vtr [Neutr: def i'okc]: to talk to obj (which does not
talk back (such as a baby or a cake in putting it to bake in the oven)

i'ok-gagadam NComp inalien: interpreter (one who continually sells a language) i'ok-gagadam vu Stat Expr: to be an interpreter
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) i'ok-gagadam. He is an interpreter.

i'okt Vintr sgs [Neutr: def i'okt. Interr: i'okta-him]: to become able to talk
ex: i'okt 'at. He talks (of a baby who is now able to talk). Vat o i'okt hemu. He will soon be able to talk. i'oktahim 'o g 'ali. The child is at the age when he is beginning to be able to talk. ... mat g 'ali haha vo 'al 'i i'oktahidc ab has 'am 'o 'al kaij. ... when a child is (in the process of) learning to talk he just talks baby-talk.

iokku in ve:m-iokku NComp indiv [pl: ve:m-eiokku]: telephone

(instrument to talk with someone)

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i'ovin/ uuvii'ovin Vtr [Neutr: def i'ovi; indef and hort i'ovin. Dur: i'ovina-d. Interr: i'ovinahim]: to pick a quarrel with obj ex: T o i'ovi g m'alidag. He is going to pick a quarrel with your child. Cum 'o hekid hai'ovin. He is constantly picking a quarrel with people. Pi g 'am hai'ovinad! Don't be picking a quarrel with people! Pi g 'am i'ovinad! Don't be picking a quarrel with me! 'I 'o i'ovinahim. He has been picking a quarrel with me.

i'ovin Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-i'ovi; indef 'e-i'ovin. Dur: 'e-i'ovina-d. Interr: 'ei'ovina-him]: to get into a quarrel with each other ex: ... 'am hab 'ei'ovi heghekaj. ... they got into a quarrel over it. 'E-'o-i'ovin. They quarrel (constantly) with each other. mu'i 'ei'ovinahimc 'apec mat hab o ce:gigk "ta". After a lot of quarreling, they agreed that it would be called "sun".

i'ovinamk s-cu Stat sgs: to be quarrelsome

ex: Heg 'o scui'ovinamk/ha'icu si'ovinamk. He is quarrelsome.

i'ovimkam s-cu N subst: one who is quarrelsome

i:

i:glo (Engl: negro) N indiv [pl: iiglo]: Negro

u-

ukuda see N u:kuda = something in care of somebody uuvi/ uuvg s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-uuvig): to be full of
buzzards in several locations

uuvig/ uuvg s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-uuvig): to be full of
buzzards in one location

uuvi-je:j NComp aggreg: a bush (buzzards' mothers; its leaves are used to cure
rhumatism)

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uuv/ u:kud uuv see N uv = turkey buzzard uv (dial: ui) N indiv [pl: uuv (dial: uui)]: turkey buzzard
ex: Heg 'an 'ep 'oimme mat ha'icu mu:kig o hu:. It too goes around and eats dead things... s'u'am-uv NComp indiv: yellow buzzard

u'ickva Vtr Unit (for Repet see u'ickvup) [Neutr: def and hort u'ickva. Compl:
u'ickv-yok; immed: u'ickv-yoka-'i. Interr: u'ickvu-him.]: to give obj a push ex: Tt o 'i u'ickva g mma:gina. We'll give your car a push. 'E'oidk g 'i u'ickva! Push him behind you (drag it)! u'ickvuhim 'o. They are pushing it (a car). 'I u'ickvyoka'i! Give it a push first!

u'ickviku N: thimble (instrument with which to push) u'ickvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see u'ickva) (Neutr: indef u'ickvup. Dur:
u'ickvupa-d]: to give obj a push repeatedly ex: ... 'in ab bebbhec gmhu u'ickvup. ... they keep grabbing him and pushing him out of the way. Pt o 'i u'ickvupad! Keep on pushing at it!

u'ihi see Vtr u'ihin = to give obj a push/ a shove along a surface u'ihin Vtr [Neutr: def u'ihi; indef and hort u'ihin. Dur: u'ihina-d. Interr: u'ihinahim]: to give obj a push/ a shove along a surface ex: N(<'an) g 'i u'ihin! Give it a shove (a stool)! Tt o 'i u'ihi. We'll give it a shove. u'ihinahim 'o. He is pushing it along. Pt o u'ihinad! Keep on pushing it along!

u'ihindam-kalit NComp indiv [pl: u'ihindam-kaklit]: wheelbarrow (cart that one

pushes along continually; also called hemako-kahiokam-kalit)

u:-

u:kud Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef u:kud. Dur: u:kuda-d]: to take care of obj
ex: Himk u:kud g 'ali! Go and take care of the child! M g hau:kud g haivaga! (Could you sg) look after my cows! Hegam kakavul hau:kuddam hau:kud g 'ekakavulga heg'ea ves scuhugam. The shepherds looked after their sheep all night long.

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u:kud/ pa u:kud Vreflex: to take care of oneself

ex: 'E-g-u:kud! Take care of yourself! hejel 'e-u:kud VExpr reflex: to manage by oneself ex: Hihimko 'ab hejel 'eu:kud 'aba'i! Go there and manage by yourselves.

u:kuda N inalien aggreg [1st pers sg -u:kuda; distr: ukuda]: something in the care
of somebody

u:kudacud Vdtr [Neutr: def u:kudac; hort u:kudacud]: to take care of, look after,
keep obj for somebody ex: M g u:kudacud 'ehevhogidaku 'e g silvisaga? (Could you) keep my beer in your refrigerator?

u:kudacud Vdtr [Neutr: def u:kudac; indef u:kudacud]: to ask somebody to take
care of obj ex: Pi o a 'i nnako mat heghekaj 'i a u:kudac 'i:da'a ki:. I cannot (leave) because he asked me to take care of this house. Pi o a 'i nnako heghekaj mamt 'i a u:kudac 'i:da'a ki:. I cannot (leave) because I was asked to take care of this house. Kup heba'i hau:kudacud g 'ema map hekid cikpanamme? Where do you have your child taken care of (by somebody) when you go to work? 'Am u:kudacud g ki:. I am continually asked to look after the house.

u:kuddam subst N: one who continually takes care of

gogogs ha-u:kuddam NExpr aggreg: dog watcher(s) (at feasts) kakavul ha-u:kuddam NExpr aggreg: shepherd(s) ex: Hegam kakavul hau:kuddam hau:kud g 'ekakavulga heg'ea ves scuhugam. Those shepherds watch over their sheep all night long. sisiakam ha-u:kuddam NExpr aggreg: enemy slayer's guardian 'ali-u:kuddam NComp(?): babysitter, nurse (for one child) 'a'al ha-u:kuddam NExpr: babysitter, nurse (for several children)

u:la (Span: durasno) N: peach (also called julaa) pa-

pa Mod sg [pl: pa:pa]: ugly, bad, in bad condition

ex: pa:pa kekel: ugly old men Heg 'o pa u 'uvi. She is an ugly girl. Pa hab ju:. He did it badly. Pa:pa hab ju:. They did it badly. Pa-Keli: a nickname (ugly old man)

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pa/ pacud pa in ha'icu pa NExpr inalien indiv [pl: ha'icu pa:pa]: girl, daughter (old
expression) ha'icu pa vu Stat Expr: to be a girl (old expression)

paaj Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef paaj; def paaj=k; Dur: paaj=ka-d. Interr: paaj=kahim); pls: pa:paaj]: to be ugly, bad ex: a 'i paaj. He is ugly/ it's no good). a 'a a(<va) 'i paaj. I am ugly. a 'i pa:paaj. They are ugly/they are no good. a 'ac a(<va) pa:paaj. We are ugly. Ha'i 'at o pa:paajk[ad] g papala. Some of the shovels will be in a bad state. Paajkahim 'o c hemu skegaj. It used to be bad but now it is fine.

pac see Vtr pacud = to spoil, ruin, get obj out of order pac see Vreflex 'e-pacud = to get spoiled, ruined, out of order pacu Adj sg [pl: papacu]: ugliest, worst
ex: Pacu ma:gina 'o (<vu) 'ega. The ugliest car is mine.

pacu N [sg (loc: pacu-k-'e); pl: papacu]: ugliest one; worst thing
ex: Pacu 'o (<vu) 'ega. The worst one is mine. T ab(<vab) hab ju: g pacu. He did the worst thing. Pacuk'e 'apt o vua! Put it in with the worst one.

pacu vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papacu]: to be the ugliest one, the worst thing
ex: Heg 'i (<vu) si pacu. He is the ugliest one/ the worst one. Heg 'o (<vu) si pacukahim. He used to be the ugliest one.

pacud Vtr Unit (for Distr see papacud) [Neutr: def pac; indef and hort pacud.
Correl: pacud-k; immed: pacud-ka-'i. Dur: pacuda-d. Interr: pacuda-him]: to spoil, wreck obj, to tear down (a house) ex: Pt o pac. You are going to wreck it. Si pac 'at k gm hu me:. He wrecked it completely and ran away. Pi g 'am pacud! Don't spoil it! Cum hekid 'i pacud g 'e'es. He always spoils my plants. T o pac hega'i ki:. They are going (hearsay) to tear down that house. T o ho(<ha)pac hegam ki:k. They are going (hearsay) to tear down those houses. Heg 'at pacudk gm hu me:. Having wrecked it, he ran away. Heg 'at pacudahimk gm hu me:. Having been wrecking it, he ran away. Tt o 'i pacudahi! Let us start tearing it down (with interruptions)! Pi g 'am pacudad! Don't be spoiling it! Nap pacudahim? Have you been spoiling it? vab gam pacud VExpr: to tear obj completely apart ex: Tp 'ea vab gam pac g ki:taj g Ban. Meanwhile they had completely torn apart the (his) construction of Coyote.

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pacud/ pamakam pacud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-pac. Interr: 'e-pacuda-him]: to get spoiled, ruined ex:
Ve:m-ioku 'atk 'epac. The telephone is out of order. 'E-'etk(<'atk)-pac g ma:gina 'ab kuavak 'ab kuit'ab. The car got wrecked by bumping (having bumped) against the tree. 'Epacudahim 'o. It is about to get spoiled. vab gam 'epacud VExpr reflex: to get completely torn apart ex: B(<vab) gam 'epac hega'i ki:. That house is completely torn apart.

pakog s- Adj sg [pl: s-papakog]: rough going, difficult

ex: Spakog vo:g 'at gevkogc. The rough road tired me.

pakog s- N subst: rough going

ex: gevkogc 'at g spakog. The rough going tired me.

pakog s- Stat sgs [pls: s-papakog]: to be rough going, difficult (same as pi 'apkog)
ex: Spakog 'o g vo:g. The road is rough. Pi 'o pakog. It is not rough going. Spakog 'ab do'agt'ab. It is a rough climb up the mountain.

pama s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-pama; def s-pama=k; concurs s-pama=k-c; Dur:
s-pama=ka-d. Interr: s-pama=ka-him); pls: s-papama]: to be lazy ex: 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'o spama. This fellow is lazy. Spamakahimc hemu svagima. He used to be lazy but now he is industrious. Spamakc hemu svagima. He was lazy but now he is industrious. Spapama 'o. They are lazy.

pamac see Vtr impers s-pamacud = to make obj get lazy pamac see semi Stat reflex s-'e-pamacud = to get lazy pamacud s- Vtr impers Unit (for Distr see s-papamacud) [Neutr: def s-pamac]:
to make obj get lazy ex: Sto 'at spamac. The heat made me lazy. Sto 'at stpamac. The heat made us lazy. Sto 'a c shapamac. They say that the heat made them lazy.

pamacud s- semi Stat reflex Unit (for Distr see s-'e-papamacud) [Neutr: def s'e-pamac; indef s-'e-pamacud. Interr: s-'e-pama-him/ s-'e-pama=ka-him]: to get lazy ex: Spamac ['ant]. I got lazy. Heg 'at s'epamac. He got lazy. Spamacud 'a. I usually get lazy. Stpamacud 'ac. We usually get lazy.

pamakam s- N subst sg [pl: s-papamakam]: lazy one

ex: hega'i spamakam= that lazy one hegam spapamakam= those lazy ones

pamakam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-papamakam]: to be a lazy one

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) spamakam. He is a lazy one.

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pamakamcu/ pan:lpamakamcu s- N sg [pl: s-papamakamcu]: laziest one pamakamcu vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-papamakamcu]: to be the laziest one
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) cum si spamakamcukc hemu haha va pi 'i(<'e)pamacud. He used to be the laziest one but now he is not lazy.

pamam s- Adv sg [pl: s-papamam]: lazily

ex: Spamam him. He walks lazily. Spamam hihim. They walk lazily.

pat Vintr sgs (for pls see papat) [Neutr: def pat. Correl : pat-k; immed: pat-ka-'i.
Interr: pata-him]: to get ugly, bad, to spoil ex: Tk o pat g vi:b. The milk is going to spoil. Pat 'atk g vi:b. The milk is spoiled. Patahim 'o g vi:b. The milk is getting bad. Patahim 'o g vo:g. The road is getting bad. T o patahidc o jeva. It is going to be getting bad and rot. T o pak o jeva. After it has gotten bad it will rot.

patalig N inalien [3rd pers sg pataliga-j]: something spoiled, wrecked, worthless patalig vu Stat Expr: to be something spoiled, wrecked, worthless
ex: D(<vu) 'o ob(<vab) pataligaj. It is just its worthless remains.

palna (Span: padrino; dial: pallna) N inalien indiv [pl: papllina]: godfather (the
reciprocal term is 'al-ge'el)

palna vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's godfather

ex: No (<vu) mpalna? Is he your godfather? D(<vu) 'ant o mpalnak. I will be your godfather. D(<vu) 'ant o palnajk. I will be his godfather.

palna Stat: to have a godfather

ex: Nap ge palna? Do you(sg) have a godfather?

palna Vtr [Neutr: def palna. Dur: palna-d. Interr: palna-him]: to godfather somebody
ex: Nt o mpalna. I'll godfather you. Nt o palna hega'i. I'll godfather him.

pal:ma (Span: paloma) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -pal:ma=ga); pl: paplloma]:
pigeon (same as papalho)

pan:l (Span: panal) N alien aggreg: honey bee(s) (also called mumuval mo sisto'olt) pan:l-sitol NComp alien mass [1st pers sg -pan:l-sitol=ga]: honey

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pan:lag/ papamacud pan:lag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-papannalag): to be full of honey bees
in a single location

panal:ya (Span: panadera) N alien aggreg: bread merchant (same as pa:n-gagadam) pa:do (Span: pauelo) N inalien indiv [pl: papido]: handkerchief pa:do Stat sing [mult: papido]: to have a handkerchief
ex: Nap ge pa:do? Do you(sg) have a handkerchief?

pa:docud Vtr Unit sing (for mult see papidocud) [Neutr: def pa:doc]: to
make a handkerchief for somebody

pa:dokam N sing [mult: papidokam]: one with a handkerchief pa:dot V sing (for mult see papidot) [Neutr: def, indef and hort pa:dot]: to
make a handkerchief ex: Nt o hema pa:dot. I'll make a handkerchief.

papado see N pa:do = duck papado see Stat Expr vu pa:do = to be a duck papadog s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-pappadog): to be full of ducks (in one location)
ex: 'Am 'o spapadog. It is full of ducks down there.

papadoga see Stat pa:doga = to have a duck papadoga see Stat Expr vu pa:doga = to be somebody's duck papadogakam see N pa:dogakam = one having a duck papacu see Adj pacu = ugliest, worst papacu see N pacu = ugliest one, worst one, worst thing papacu see Stat Expr vu pacu = to be the ugliest one, the worst thing papacud Vtr distr (for Unit see pacud) [Neutr: def papac; indef papacud]: to
spoil, wreck obj, to tear down (a house)

papakog see Adj s-pakog = rough going papakog see Stat s-pakog = to be rough going papama see Stat s-pama = to be lazy papamacud s- Vtr impers Distr (for Unit see s-pamacud): to make obj get lazy

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papamacud/ papalhoga papamacud s- semi Stat reflex Distr (for Unit see s-'e-pamacud) [Neutr: def s-'epapamac; indef s-'e-papamacud]: to get lazy

papamakam see N s-pamakam = lazy one papamakam see Stat Expr vu s-pamakam = to be a lazy one papamakamcu see N s-pamakamcu = laziest one papamakamcu see Stat Expr vu s-pamakamcu = to be the laziest one papamam see Adv s-pamam = lazily papat Vintr pls (for sgs see pat) [Neutr: def papat. Correl: papat-k; immed:
papat-ka-'i. Interr: papata-him]: to get ugly, bad, to spoil ex: Tk o papat. They are going to spoil.

papal see N pa:l = priest papal see Stat Expr vu pa:l = to be a priest papala see N pa:la= shovel papala see Stat Expr vu pa:la= to be a shovel papalag see Stat impers pa:lag= there is a shovel papalaga see Stat pa:laga= to have a shovel papalaga see Stat Expr vu pa:laga= to be (somebody's) shovel papalagakam see N pa:lagakam= one having a shovel papalcud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-pa:lcud): to become priests papalga see Stat Expr vu pa:lga= to be somebody's priest papalho N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg papalho=ga-j]: pigeon (same as pal:ma)
ex: Sister papalhoga= Sister's pigeon(s) Sisters hapapalhoga= the Sisters' pigeon(s) Hab a(<va) cum a ma:s mo g 'o'okokoi kc ababa hi ge'egeaj. They look somewhat like white doves but they are bigger (I think).

papalhog Stat impers Unit: there are pigeons (in a single location)
ex: No 'ob(<'ab) ge papalhog? Are there any pigeons up there?

papalhog s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of pigeons in a single location

ex: No 'ob(<'ab) spapalhog? Are there lots of pigeons up there?

papalhoga Stat: to have pigeons

ex: Nap ge papalhoga? Do you(sg) have pigeons?

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papalhoga/ papyyasa papalhoga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) pigeon(s)

ex: D(<vu) 'o papalhoga. They are my pigeons.

papalhogakam/papalhokam N: one who has pigeons, pigeon owner papalhogakam s- N subst: one who has lots of pigeons papalig see Stat pa:lig= there is a priest papalig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of priests in a single location papal:di N indiv: kite papan see N pa:n= piece, slice of bread, bun papannalag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-pan:lag): to be full of honeybees
in several locations

papant V Distr (for Unit see pa:nt): to make/ bake bread

ex: 'Am haha vo behi'ad g cu'i k o papant. Then each one will bring flour and make bread.

papantaag see s-pa:ntaag= to be good at making bread papantaku see N pa:ntaku= bread pan; bread oven papantaku see Stat pa:ntaku= to have a bread pan, a bread oven papllina see N pal:na= godfather paplloma see N pal:ma= pigeon papido see N pa:do= handkerchief papido see Stat pa:do= to have a handkerchief papidocud Vtr mult (for sing see pa:docud): to make handkerchiefs for
somebody

papidot V mult (for sing see pa:dot): to make handkerchiefs

ex:'Nt o ha'i papidot. I'll make some handkerchiefs.

pappadog s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-papadog): to be full of ducks in several
locations

pappala see N pa:la= shovel papyyasa see N pay:sa= clown

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papyyasa/ pay:sa papyyasa see Stat Expr vu pay:sa= to be a clown papyyasacud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-papyyasac]: to act like a clown, to clown pasam (Span: pasear) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-pasa; hort 'e-pasam. Dur: 'e-pasama-d.
Interr: 'e-pasama-him]: to take a leisurely walk, a ride ex: Nt o pasa. I'll take a walk. Tt o tpasa. We'll take a walk. 'E-g-pasam! Take a walk! 'E-g-o-'o(<'e)pasam! You(pl) take a- walk! T o mceadk g hemajkam s'ap 'an o 'o(<'e)pasa m'aba'i. The people, having climbed on you, will take a leisurely ride on you. Nt o ce g ma:gina k o pasamad. I'll climb in the car and take a ride. Nt o ce g kavyu k o pasamad. I'll climb on the horse and take a ride. pasamahim 'a. I have been taking a walk/ ride. T o mceadk g hemajkam s'ap 'an o 'epasa m'aba'i. The people having climbed on you will take a pleasant ride on your back. Nt o ce g kavyu k o pasamad. I'll climb on a horse and take a ride.

pasamacud Vtr [Neutr: def pasamac; hort pasamacud. Correl: pasamacud-k; immed:
pasamacud-ka-'i]: to take obj for a walk, a ride, to make obj take a walk, a ride ex: Nt o mpasamac. I'll take you(sg) for a walk/ a ride. Nt o 'om (<'em)pasamac. I'll take you(pl) for a walk/a ride. Nt o mpasamacudk o mve:m io. Having taken you(sg) for a walk I will talk with you.

pasamaku-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg pasamaku-ma:gina-j);

pl: pasamaku-mamagina]: passenger car, any closed car

pasamame Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-pasamamme) sgs (for pls see 'epasamo) [Neutr: def 'e-pasamam; hort 'e-pasamame]: to go and take a walk, a ride/ to
go to town ex: Napt o 'o(<'e)pasamam? Are you(sg) going to go to town? Kunt o ceadk 'ab 'ab o hasko pasamam. I'll climb on it (the horse) and go for a ride somewhere.

pasamamme Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-pasamame) sgs and pls: to go and
take a walk, a ride/ to go to town repeatedly ex: pasamamme 'a avai 'e. I usually go to town on Saturday. Tpasamamme 'ac avai 'e. We usually go to town on Saturday. Ves domig 'a cecaj g kavyu c pasamamme. Every Sunday I go horseback riding.

pasamo/ pasayo Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-pasamamme) pls (for sgs see 'epasamame) [Neutr: def 'e-pasamo/'e-pasayo]: to go and take a walk, a ride, to go to town ex: Namt o 'o(<'e)pasamo/'epasayo? Are you(pl) going to go to town?

pay:sa (Span: payaso) N alien indiv [pl: papyyasa]: clown

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pay:sa/ pa:laga pay:sa vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papyyasa]: to be a clown

pa:-

pa:do (Span: pato) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg pa:do=ga-j); pl: papado]: duck
ex: Sister pa:doga= Sister's duck Sister papadoga= Sister's ducks Sisters hapa:doga= the Sisters' duck Sisters hapapadoga= the Sisters' ducks

pa:do vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papado]: to be a duck pa:doga vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vu papadoga]: to be somebody's duck pa:doga Stat sing [mult: papadoga]: to have a duck
ex: Nap ge pa:doga? Do you have a duck? Nap ge papadoga? Do you have ducks?

pa:dogakam/ pa:dokam N subst sing [mult: papadogakam/ papadokam)]: one who

has a duck

pa:l (Span: padre) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg pa:l=ga-j); pl: papal]: priest
mim ha-pa:lga NExpr: minister of the Protestants mi:-pa:l NComp alien indiv: minister (Protestant priest) sasanto ha-pa:lga NExpr: priest of the Catholics sa:nto-pa:l NComp alien indiv: priest (Catholic priest)

pa:l vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papal]: to be a priest

ex: Skeg 'aptk u o pa:lk. You will be a good priest.

pa:la (Span: pala) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg pa:la=ga-j); pl: papala; distr: pappala]:
shovel ex: Mo hekaj 'e'i'itta g jevu. (A shovel is) that with which soil is scooped up.

pa:la vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papala]: to be a shovel

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) skeg pa:la. This is a good shovel.

pa:lag Stat impers sing [mult: papalag]: there is a shovel somewhere

ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) pa:lag? Is there a shovel down there?

pa:laga Stat sing [mult: papalaga]: to have a shovel

ex: Nap ge pa:laga? Do you(sg) have a shovel?

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pa:laga/ pa:n pa:laga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papalaga]: to be somebody's shovel
ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) pa:laga. This is my shovel. No (<vu) mpa:laga? Is it your(sg) shovel?

pa:lagakam/ pa:lakam N subst sing [mult: papalagakam/papalakam]: one who has a

shovel ex: Ba:t hi: g pa:lagakam/pa:lakam? Where did the one with a shovel go?

pa:lc see Vreflex 'e-pa:lcud= to become a priest pa:lcud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-papalcud) [Neutr: def 'e-pa:lc; hort and indef 'epa:lcud. Interr: 'e-pa:lcudahim. Dur: 'e-pa:lcuda-d]: to become a priest ex: T o 'e(<'e)pa:lc. He is going (hearsay) to become a priest. S'ap 'at 'epa:lc. He did well as a priest. Cum 'epa:lcud. He is acting like a priest (but he is not a priest). 'Epa:lcudahim 'o. He is studying to become a priest (he is about to become a priest). S'ap 'o 'epa:lcudahim. He is doing well as a priest. Vo 'i 'epa:lcudahi. He will act as the priest (temporarily). Skeg 'aptk o 'epa:lcudad. You will make a good priest.

pa:lga Stat sing [mult: papalga]: to have a priest

ex: Nam ge pa:lga Covered-Wellst'ab? Do you(pl) have a priest in Covered Wells? mi:-pa:lga Stat sing: to have a Protestant minister sa:nto-pa:lga Stat sing: to have a Catholic priest

pa:lga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu papalga]: to be (somebody's) priest

ex: No (<vu) 'empa:lga? Is he your(pl) priest? mim ha-pa:lga vu Stat Expr: to be the minister of the Protestants mi:-pa:lga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) minister sasanto ha-pa:lga vu Stat Expr: to be the priest of the Catholics sa:nto-pa:lga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) Catholic priest

pa:lig Stat impers sing [mult: papalig]: there is a priest

ex: No 'ob(<'ab) ge pa:lig Covered-Wellst'ab? Is there a priest in Covered Wells?

pa:n (Span: pan) N mass: bread

ex: Pa:n 'ant o ho(<ha) hu:. I'll eat some bread.

pa:n (Span: pan) N aggreg alien [(3rd pers sg pa:n=ga-j); distr: papan]: piece, slice, loaf
of bread, bun ex: N(<'an) 'o ka:c g pa:n. There is a piece of bread lying there. N(<'an) ve:c g pa:n. There are pieces (slices) of bread lying there. M(<'am) g ha'i to'a g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e k 'an o va:k pa:ntakuc'e/ 'olhainc'e. Put some buns/ (pieces of bread) on the bread pan and put it (the pan) in the bread oven!

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pa:n/ pa:ntakam pa:nag s- Stat Unit: to be full of bread in a single location

ex: Spa:nag 'o 'ab ciandat'ab. There is a lot of bread at the store. Si'alim 'at o spa:nagk. Tomorrow there will be a lot of bread.

pa:ncud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-pa:nc]: to turn into bread pa:nga Stat: to have bread
ex: Nap ge pa:nga? Do you have bread?

pa:nga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) bread

ex: D(<vu) pa:nga. It is my bread.

pa:n-gagadam NComp alien: [1st pers pl t-pa:ngagadam=ga]: bread man (one

selling bread; same as panal:ya)

pa:ngakam/ pa:nkam N subst: one having bread

ex: Ba:t hi: g pa:ngakam/pa:nkam? Where did the one with the bread go?

pa:nt V Unit (for Distr see papant) [Neutr: def, indef and hort pa:nt; concurs pant-c.
Correl: pa:nt-k; immed: pa:nt-ka-'i. Dur: pa:nta-d. Interr: pa:nta-him]: to bake bread ex: Nt o pa:nt. I'll make bread. Pa:nt 'a hemho domig 'ab. I make bread once a week. Pa:ntc e'e. She is making bread and singing (at the same time). Nt o pa:ntk aha(<haha) vo hi:. I'll go after I have made bread. Nt o pa:ntahimk aha(<haha) vo hi:. I'll go after I have been making bread. Si'alim 'ant o pa:ntad. Tomorrow I'll be making bread. Pa:ntahim 'a. I have been baking.

pa:nta N: act of making bread

ex: 'Id 'o sma:c g pa:nta. He knows how to make bread.

pa:nta N inalien aggreg: bread in the process of being baked

ex: pa:nta 'o skeg babbhe. My bread bakes well (always). Ha'i g pa:nta pi 'ap 'i vuha. Some of my buns did not rise well.

pa:ntaag s- Stat sg (pls: s-papa:ntaag): to be good at baking bread

ex: 'Id 'o spa:ntaag. He is good at baking bread.

pa:ntakam s- N subst: one who is good at baking bread pa:ntakam vu s- Stat Expr: to be one who is good at baking bread
ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) spa:ntakam. He is one who is good at baking bread.

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pa:ntaku/ pehegia pa:ntaku N inalien mass: baking powder, yeast

ex: Nap 'am ha vu:pa g pa:ntaku? Do you use (put some) baking powder?

pa:ntaku N inalien indiv [pl: papantaku]: bread pan on which dough is put to be
baked in the bread oven; bread oven (same as 'olhain) ex: M(<'am) g ha'i to'a g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e k 'an o va:k pa:ntakuc'e! Put some buns in the bread pan and put it (the pan) in the oven! M(<'am) g ha'i va:pkid g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e! Put some buns in the oven!

pa:ntaku Stat: to have baking powder pa:ntaku Stat sing [mult: papantaku]: to have a bread pan, a bread oven
ex: Nap ge pa:ntaku? Do you have a bread pan/oven?

pa:ntam s- V subst intr: to feel like making bread pa:ntdam N: baker pa:ntdam 'o'odham NExpr(?) baker (man) pa:ntdam 'uv NExpr(?): baker (woman) pa:ntdam vu Stat Expr: to be a baker
ex: D(<vu) 'ant o pa:ntdamk. I will be a baker.

pa:n-to'avdam N Comp alien: bread deliverer pa:n-to'avdamga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) bread deliverer
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) tpa:n-to'avdamga. He is our bread deliverer.

pa:pa see Mod pa= ugly, bad pa:paaj see Stat paaj= to be ugly, bad

pepehegia Adv: successfully

ex: Pehegia cum have:m e'e. He tried successfully to sing with them (he does not know the songs) ... ma 'a:i pehegia 'am hab cum vua. I tried successfully to do it.

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pehegia/ pe pehegia in vu pehegia hema/ha'icu Stat Expr: to play the part of

somebody/something ex: Pehegia 'a:i 'an hamacamdam. I am playing the part of a schoolteacher. Pehegia 'at 'a:cim u o:ndal. We are playing the part of soldiers. Pehegia 'a:cim 'u o Sellsk, 'a:pim u o Covered-Wellsk. We'll be playing the part of Sells, you'Il be playing the part of Covered Wells.

pehegig s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-pehegig; def s-pehegig=k. Dur: s-pehegig=ka-d. Interr:
s-pehegig=ka-him]: to be easy (same as s-peheg) ex: Spehegig 'o veheji. It is easy for me.

pehegim s- Adv: easily (same as s-peheg)

ex:Nt ab spehegim hab ju:. I did it real easily.

peheg s- Adv: easily (same as s-pehegim)

ex: Nt 'a:i'i vab speheg vo bei. I will get her easily. Nt ab speheg hab ju:. I did it easily.

peheg s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-peheg; def s-peheg=k . Dur: s-peheg=ka-d. Interr: speheg=ka-him]: to be easy (same as s-pehegig) ex: Speheg 'o. It is easy. Speheg 'o veheji. It is easy for me. 'I:da'a 'o'ohon 'o speheg mo hega'i. This book is easier than that one. 'I:da'a 'o'ohon 'at o spehegk mo hega'i. This book will be easier than that one. Spehegkahim 'o. It was easy. Pi 'o peheg, shasig 'o. It is not easy, it's difficult.

pen Exclam: indicates that the speaker has forgotten something

ex: pen u ab ka:kaj ... I forgot, she is (hearsay) his paternal grandmother (and not his maternal grandmother) ... 'A pen 'at pi 'im(<'am) hu 'u:pam hi:. Oh, I forgot, she did not (hearsay) go back home. Pi 'in cegto mas has hu 'i pen 'i kaidam hab 'a'aga g kekelba. I don't remember how the ancestors called it. ... heu'u, ' pen 'ea hek hu ha'a:gid ... ... oh yes, I forgot, he has (hearsay) already told them ... ... gi'ik 'at pen ha'o'olat. ... my mistake, it was (hearsay) four balls that she rolled.

pepekim in si s-pepekim Adv: making farting noises pe Part: indicates that the speaker does not mean what he is saying
ex: Pe 'a hab kaij. I just said that (I don't mean it).

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piascud/ piast:la pi-

piascud Vtr [Neutr: def piasc; hort piascud]: to play music for obj
ex: Napt o ho(<ha)piasc? Are you(sg) going to play music for them? M(<'am) g tpiascud! Play for us!

piast (Span: fiesta) N inalien indiv [pl: pipiast]: feast, fiesta, dance, party
ex: 'At 'am hab ju: g si ge'e piast. They had a big feast there. Hualub piast NExpr: feast of Guadalupe Huhan hapiast NExpr: Juans' (their) feast Huhusi hapiast NExpr: Joses ' (their) feast Mamllia hapiast NExpr: Marys' (their) feast

piast vu Stat Expr: to be a feast, dance, party

ex: ... no pi 'ea g e'icuda vu a 'i hapiast g hemajkam. ... because at that time singing and dancing was the only feast of the people.

piast Stat sing [mult: pipiast]: to have a feast, a dance, a party

ex: Nam mu'iko pipiast? Do you(pl) have feasts often? Nam si pipiast? Do you(pl) have lots of feasts? Cum hekid 'ac piast toabk. We have a feast every summer.

piast Vintr [Neutr: def indef and hort piast; imper pls piasta-yo. Correl: piast-k. Compl:
piast-ok. Dur: piasta-d. Interr: piasta-him.]: to play some music ex: D(<g) 'o hu piast. He is playing over there. Piastayo! You(pl) play some music! Piastahim 'a. I have been playing some music.

piast Vreflex [Neutr: def and indef 'e-piast. Interr: 'e-piasta-him]: to be going on (a feast)
ex: T o 'o(<'e)piast si'alim. There is going (hearsay) to be a feast tomorrow. Hekid 'at o 'i 'i(<'e)piast? When is there going to be a feast? Tako 'o(<'e)piastahim. Yesterday there was a feast.

piastame Vintr Unit (for Repet see piastamme) sgs (for pls see piastop) [Neutr:
def piastam; hort piastame]: to go to a feast ex: Nt o piastam. I'll go to the feast (I am on my way to the feast).-- Gam g hu piastame! Go (you sg) to the feast!

piastamme Vintr Repet (for Unit see piastame) sgs: to go to a feast repeatedly
ex: Heg 'o cum hekid piastamme. He goes to the feast each time.

piast:la (Span: fiestero) N inalien indiv [pl: pipiasttila]: feast master

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piastop/ pilkaga piastop Vintr pls (for sgs see piastame) [Neutr: def and hort piasto; indef piastop]:
to go to a feast ex: Tt o piasto. We are on our way to the feast . Gam g o hu piasto! Why don't you(pl) go to the feast! Hegam 'o'odham cum hekid 'o piastop. Those people go to the feast all the time.

piast ta NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg piasta-j ta): pl (3rd pers pl ha-pipiast
ta)]: feast day (same as ce:gig ta)

piast ta vu Stat Expr: to be a feast day

ex: Si'alim 'at u o piast tak. Tomorrow will be a feast day. Si'alim 'at u o piastaj tak. Tomorrow will be his feast day.

pilg:do (Span: perico) N indiv [pl: pipilggido]: parrot, paroquet pilin N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: pilina-j); pl: piplin]: bridle, bit
ex: Mo g kavyu 'ab vapkid. (A bridle is) that which they put on a horse.

pilin-gi'aag NComp inalien indiv [sg(1st pers sg pilin-gi'aag); pl: pilin-gigiaag]:

rein

pilka N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg: -pilka=ga; instr: pilka-kaj; instr 1st pers sg: pilka=ga-kaj); distr: pipilka]: wheat ex: Nt o ho(<ha)okp g pilka. I'll pound some wheat. Huan pilkaga 'o skegaj. Juan's wheat is nice. Nt o ho(<ha)gegus g haivaga g pilkakaj. I'll feed my cows with wheat. Nt o gegus g pilkakaj. I'll eat wheat. ce'ecev-muadkam-pilka NComp alien aggreg: long headed (tassled) wheat civokam-pilka NComp alien aggreg: tassled wheat vepeg-pilka NComp alien aggreg: Sonora wheat 'o'olas-pilka NComp alien aggreg: Pima wheat (small-headed Sonora wheat)

pilka vu Stat Expr: to be wheat pilka bahijida NExpr: wheat crop ready to be harvested pilka ba'iham NExpr: container full of wheat pilka-civo NComp: wheat tassel pilkaga vu Stat Expr: to be (somebody's) wheat
ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) pilkaga. This is my wheat.

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pilkaga/ pion pilkaga Stat: to have wheat

ex: 'A ge pilkaga. I have wheat. Skeg 'a pilkaga. I have good wheat.

pilkaga s- Stat: to have a lot of wheat pilkagakadma s- V subst intr: to appear to have a lot of wheat
ex: Nat o a spilkagakadma. I thought he had a lot of wheat.

pilkagakam/ pilkakam N subst: one who has wheat pilka-hi:ka NExpr inalien [3rd pers: pilka hi:ka-j]: wheat cuttings pilkaig Stat impers Unit: there is wheat in a single location
ex: Pilkaig 'am 'oidagc'e. There is wheat in the field.

pilkaig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wheat in a single location

ex: Spilkaig 'am 'oidagc'e. There is a lot of wheat in the field.

pilka-va'ug NComp alien [1st pers sg: -pilka-va'ug=ga]: wheat straw pilka-'i:ta NExpr: basketful of wheat pil:di (Span: pelota) N inalien indiv [pl: pipllodi]: ball pilsa N inalien indiv [sg (loc: pilsa-t-'ab; instr: pilsa-kaj); pl: pipilsa; distr: pippilsa]:
blanket ex: B(<'ab) o 'i ha'u:'uk g 'epippilsa! Each one of you, bring your respective blankets! Nt o ha'i hanolot g pipilsa. I'll buy a few blankets. Nt o ce'ev g pilsakaj. I'll cover him with a blanket.

pimindo (Span: pimiento) N alien mass: black pepper

ex: Ge'ej g pimindo 'am hidoc'e. There is a lot of pepper in the stew.

pimindomad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort pimindomad]: to put pepper in, to pepper obj pion (Span: pen) N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg: -pion=ga); distr: pipion; 3rd pers pl: hapipion=ga ]: employee, servant ex: piongaj g Jio: (his) servant(s) of God

pion vu Stat Expr: to be (an) employee(s)

ex: Pion 'a u c cikpan. I work as an employee (I am an employee and I work).

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pionag/ pipiba pionag Nsubst: employee(s), servant(s) of

Jio-pionag NComp aggreg: clergy (someone working for God, such as priests, sisters, altar boys, prophet) kovnal-pionag NComp aggreg: government employee(s)

pionag vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's employee(s), servant(s)

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) pionag. He is my employee. D(<vu) 'o piongaj hega'i. He is that fellow's employee.

pionag Stat: to have (an) employee(s), (a) servant(s)

ex: He'ekia 'ap 'i pionag? How many employees do you(sg) have? Go:k 'a pionag. I have two employees.

pionag s- Stat: to have many employees, servants

ex: Spionag 'a. I have many employees.

pioncud Vtr [Neutr: def pionc; hort pioncud]: to hire obj as an employee, a servant
ex: Pionc 'ant. I hired him. Nt o ho(<ha)pionc. I'll hire them.

pionga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's employee(s), servant(s)

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) pionga. He is my employee. D(<vu) 'o piongaj hega'i. He is that fellow's employee.

pionga Stat: to have (an) employee(s), servant(s)

ex: He'ekia 'ap 'i pionga? How many employees do you(sg) have? Go:k 'a pionga. I have two employees.

pionga s- Stat: to have many employees, servants

ex: Spionga 'a. I have many employees.

piontalig N: employment, employ, servitude pipbakam see N pi:bakam= one who has a pipe pipgo see N pi:go= pick pipiast see N piast= feast pipiast see Stat piast= to have a feast pipiast maad NExpr [loc: pipiast maad 'e]: October (the moon of the feasts) pipiasttila see N piast:la= feast master pipiba see N pi:ba= pipe

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pipiba/ pisalt pipiba see Stat pi:ba= to have a pipe pipibac see Stat pi:bac = to be a pipe smoker pipilggido see N pilg:do = parrot, paroquet pipilka see N pilka = wheat pipilsa see N pilsa = blanket Pipimag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-Pi:mag): to be full of Pimas in several
locations

pipion see N pion= employee, servant piplin see N pilin= bridle, bit pipllodi see N pil:di= ball piplos see N pi:los= pear, pear tree piplosig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-pi:losig): to be full of pears, pear trees, in
several locations

pippilsa see N pilsa= blanket pipsal see Vtr pipsalt= to weigh obj pipsalt Vtr Distr (for Unit see pisalt) [Neutr: def pipsal]: to weigh obj
ex: T o ho(<ha)pipsal g 'ehahaivaga. They will weigh their respective cows.

pipsalt Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-pisalt) [Neutr: indef 'e-pipsalt Dur: 'e-pipsaltad]: to weigh oneself repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'apt o 'o(<'e)pipsaltad ves takaj! Be weighing yourself every day!

pipsaltaku see N pisaltaku= scales; bushel pipsttol see N pistl= pistol pip see N pi:= dollar, dollar bill pipga see Stat pi:ga= to have a dollar, a dollar bill pisal see Vtr pisalt= to weigh obj pisal see Vreflex 'e-pisalt= to weigh oneself, to weigh, have a certain weight pisalt (Span: pesar) Vtr Unit (for Distr see pipsalt) [Neutr: def pisal; hort pisalt.
Correl: pisalt-k; immed: pisalt-ka-'i. Compl: pisalt-ok; immed: pisalt-oka-'i. Dur: pisaltad. Interr: pisalta-him]: to weigh obj ex: Nt o pisal g haivaga. I will weigh my cow. Nt o ho(<ha)pisal g haivaga. I will weigh my cows. Napt o a(<va) hapisaltad g haiva? Are you going to be weighing cows? Nap hapisaltahim g haiva? Have you been weighing the cows?

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pisalt/ pi:cud pisalt (Span: pesar) Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-pipsalt) [Neutr: def 'e-pisal]: to
weigh oneself, to weigh (have a certain weight) ex: Napt 'episal? Did you weigh yourself? He'ekia 'at 'i 'i(<'e)pisal? How much does he/it weigh?

pisaltaku N inalien indiv [sg (instr: pisaltaku-kaj); pl: pipsaltaku]: scales; bushel pistl (Span: pistol) N inalien indiv [sg (instr: pistol-kaj); pl: pipsttol]: pistol pi'a Exclam: no
ex: Nap sma:c hega'i? Pi'a, pi 'i(<'a) a 'i ma:c. Do you know him? No, I don't know him at all.

pi:-

pi:ba (Span: pipa) N inalien indiv [pl: pipiba]: pipe

ex: Pi:ba 'at o ki'icid. He will have a pipe between his teeth. Mo 'ab 'eje:. (A pipe is) that which is smoked.

pi:ba Stat sing [mult: pipiba]: to have a pipe

ex: Skeg 'a pi:ba. I have a nice pipe. T o ge pi:bak. He will have a pipe (unexpectedly)

pi:bac Stat sgs [pls: pipibac]: to be a pipe smoker

ex: Pi:bac 'o. He is a pipe smoker. Hegam 'o pipibac. They are pipe smokers.

pi:bakam N subst sg [pl: pipbakam]: one who has a pipe

ex: hega'i pi:bakam= that (fellow) with a pipe hega'i cev pi:bakam= that (fellow) with a long pipe hegam pipbakam= those (fellows) with pipes

pi:c see Vreflex 'e-pi:cud= to take a long time, to have a hard time pi:cud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-pi:c. Correl: 'e-pi:cud-k]: to take a long time, to have a
hard time ex: Mu'i pi:c 'ab ha'ab hegam 'a'al. I had a hard time with those children. Mu'i pi:cudk 'emge'ege'el. It took me a long time to raise you(pl). Pt mu'i vo 'o(<'e)pi:cudk aha(<haha) vo 'i smai matp hascu 'ab 'ab 'uli. It will take you(sg) a long time before you find out what I am worth.

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pi:go/ Pi:ma hemajkam pi:go (Span: pico) N inalien indiv [sg (instr: pi:go-kaj); pl: pipgo]: pick (a tool)
ex: Mo hekaj 'emoihun g jevu. (A pick is) that with which the soil is loosened.

pi:hu see Vtr pi:hun= to make obj take a break, a rest pi:hu see Vreflex 'e-pi:hun= to take a break, a rest pi:hun Vtr [Neutr: def pi:hu]: to make obj take a break, a rest pi:hun Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-pi:hu; indef and hort 'e-pi:hun. Correl: 'e-pi:hun-k; immed:
'e-pi:hun-ka'i. Compl: 'e-pi:hun-ok; immed: 'e-pi:hun-oka'-i .Dur: 'e-pi:huna-d. Interr: 'epi:huna-him.]: to take a break, a rest ex: 'E-'at-'ai mant o pi:hu. It is time for me to take a break. Nt o pi:hu gamai go:k 'e g 'o:la. I'll take a break at 12. Gi'ikc'e 'a pi:hun. At 4, I usually take a break. Tt hig o tpi:hunk o 'i: g kavh:. Let's take a coffee break (take a break and drink coffee). pi:hunahim 'a. I am about to take a break. Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o pi:hunahim. Soon I'll be ready to take a break. Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o pi:hunad. Soon, I'll be taking a break.

pi:los (dial: pi:las; Span: pera) N alien aggreg [(1st pers -pi:los=ga; loc: pi:los-c-'e;
instr: pi:los-kaj; instr reflex: 'e-pi:los=ga-kaj); distr: piplos]: pear, pear tree ex: Vatopig 'am pi:losc'e. There is a worm in the pear. Nt o gegus g pi:loskaj. I'll eat a pear (feed myself with a pear).

pi:losga Stat: to have pears, pear trees

ex: Nap ge pi:losga? Do you(sg) have pears/ pear trees?

pi:losig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-piplosig): to be full of pears, pear trees (in
a single location)

Pi:ma N aggreg: Pimas

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g Pi:ma. I see some Pimas. Go:k 'a haeid g Pi:ma. I see two Pimas. Pi:ma 'o 'i hema ha'icuk Covered-Wellst'ab. There is a Pima in Covered Wells.

Pi:ma vu Stat Expr: to be a Pima

ex: D(<vu) 'o Pi:ma. He is a Pima. Hegam 'o (<vu) Pi:ma. Those are Pimas.

Pi:mag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-Pipimag): to be full of Pimas (in a single
location)

Pi:ma hajevuga NExpr: Pima country (Pima their country) Pi:ma hemajkam NExpr(?): the Pima people

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Pi:ma-/ popo'olt Pi:ma-jevu NComp [loc: Pi:ma-jevu-c-'e]: Pima country

ex: M(<'am) 'o ki: Pi:ma-jevu da:m. He lives in Pima country.

Pi:makaj iok V Expr [pls: Pi:makaj eiok]: to speak in Pima

ex: Pi:makaj 'o iok. He speaks Pima. M(<'am) 'a 'ea vu 'alikc Pi:makaj iok. When I was a child I spoke Pima. Pi:makaj 'o eiok. They speak Pima.

Pi:ma-iok VComp intr Unit sgs: to speak Pima

ex: Nap Pi:ma-iok? Do you speak Pima?

Pi:ma 'o'odham NExpr(?): Pima man Pi:ma 'uv NExpr(?): Pima woman pi: (Span: peso) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -pi:=ga); pl: pip]: dollar, dollar bill
ex: Pt o ha'i hivg g pip! Lend me a few dollars! go:k-pi: NComp alien: two dollar bill hetasp-pi: NComp alien [sg(1st pers sg -hetasp-pi:=ga);pl:1st pers sg -hetasppip=g]: five dollar bill

pi:ga Stat sing [mult: pipga]: to have a dollar, a dollar bill

ex: Nap ge pi:ga? Do you(sg) have a dollar? Nap ha'i pipga? Do you(sg) have a few dollars? He'ekia 'ap 'i pipga? How many dollars do you have? go:k-pi:ga Stat Comp sing: to have a two dollar bill ex: Nap ge go:k-pi:ga? Do you have a two dollar bill? hetasp-pi:ga Stat Comp sing [mult: hetasp pipga]: to have a five dollar bill ex: Nap ge hetasp-pi:ga? Do you have a five dollar bill?

po-

poim s- Adv: with a deep, low, thumping, sound popji see N po:ji: any animal with its tail cut off popo'ol see N pool= corn gruel popo'olt Vtr Repet (for Unit see poolt) [Neutr: indef popo'olt]: to boil obj
repeatedly (in water with neither salt nor fat) ex: Ves sisialmad 'a popo'olt g ncucul-nonhaga. Every morning I have a boiled egg.

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popo'olta/ po:tol popo'olta see N poolta= corn gruel in the process of being made poptol see N po:tol= bronco, unbroken horse poptolig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of broncos, unbroken horses in a single location
ex: Spoptolig 'am jevu da:m. There are lots of broncos in the open country.

pool see Vtr poolt= to boil obj (in water with neither salt nor fat) pool N inalien/ alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: pooli-j/ pool=ga-j; instr: pool-kaj); distr:
popo'ol]: corn or wheat (boiled in water with neither salt nor fat) ex: Nt o ha'i cuhiva g pool. I'll grind some of my pool. ba:bas-pool NComp inalien aggreg: boiled potatoe(s)

pool/ poolga Stat: to have corn or wheat (boiled in water with neither salt nor fat)
ex: Nap ge pool? Do you have some corn gruel?- Skeg 'a pool. I have good corn gruel.

poolc see Vdtr poolcud= to boil obj (in water with neither salt nor fat) for somebody poolcud Vdtr [Neutr: def poolc; hort poolcud]: to boil obj (in water with neither salt
nor fat) for somebody ex: poolcuda g cucul-nonha! Make me a boiled egg!

poolt Vtr Unit (for Repet see popo'olt) [Neutr: def pool; hort and indef poolt. Dur:
poolta-d. Interr: poolta-him]: to boil obj (in water with neither salt nor fat; for cooking with salt and fat, see hido) ex: Nt o pool g cucul-nonha. I'll make a boiled egg. Nt o ho(<ha)pool g cucul-nonha. I'll make boiled eggs. M g poolt g cucul-nonha! Make me a boiled egg! Poolta! Boil it! (<'a) ab poolt g cucul-nonha. I am just boiling an egg. Pooltahim 'a g cucul-nonha. I have been making a boiled egg.

poolta N inalien aggreg [distr: popo'olta]: corn or wheat in the process of being boiled
in water with neither salt nor fat.

po:po:ji alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -po:ji=ga); pl: popji]: any animal (such as a dog, a
horse, a cow) with its tail cut off

po:tol N alien indiv [sg (loc: po:tol-t-'ab); pl: poptol]: bronco, unbroken horse

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pualcud/ pu:st pu-

pualcud Vtr sing [Neutr: def pualc]: to make a door for somebody
ex: Nt o mpualc. I'll make you(sg) a door.

pualt (Span: puerta) N inalien/ alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: pualta-j/ pualt=ga-j; loc:
pualt-t-'ab); pl: pup[u]alt; distr: puppalt]: door

pualt V sing [Neutr: def and hort pualt]: to make a door

ex: Nt o hema pualt. I'll make a door.

pundi (Span: puente) N: bridge puvlo (Span: pueblo) N inalien: village (same as ki:him) puppalt see N pualt= door pupst see N pu:st= saddle pup[u]alt see N pualt= door

pu:-

pu:lo (Span: puro) N alien aggreg [1st pers sg: -pu:lo=ga]: cigar
ex: He'ekia 'apt 'i pu:lo ho(<ha)je:j? How many cigars did you smoke?

pu:lo s- Adv: cigar-like, of cigar(s)

ex: Spu:lo 'u:v. It smells of cigar.

pu:luv s- Stat: to smell of cigar smoke

ex: Spu:luv 'o. It smells of cigar smoke.

pu:st N inalien indiv [pl: pupst]: saddle (same as si:l)

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sadi/ sa:vana sa-

sadi (Span: aceite) N alien /inalien mass: gasoline

ex: Napt o va'i g sadi? Do you want gas? Heu'u, m g ha va'igid g sadi! Yes, put some gas in for me! Hu:mhim g nsadiga. I am running out of gas.

saltin/ sald:n (Span: sartn) N alien/ inalien: frying pan sas[a]go see N sa:go= blouse sasanto see N sa:nto= a Catholic sas[a]vana see N sa:vana= sheet

sa:-

sa:go (Span: saco) N inalien indiv [pl: sas[a]go]: blouse

ex: Napt 'ab o ge vo:agt 'esa:go 'ab? Are you going to put a pocket on your blouse?

sa:nto (Span: santo) N indiv [pl: sasanto]: a Catholic

ex: sasanto hapa:lga= the priest of the Catholics

sa:nto vu Stat Expr sgs: to be a Catholic

ex: D(<vu) 'a sa:nto. I am a Catholic.

sa:nto-pa:l NComp alien indiv: a Catholic priest sa:nto-pa:lga vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's Catholic priest
ex: No (<vu) 'emsa:nto-pa:lga? Is he your Catholic priest?

sa:nto-pa:lga StatComp sing: to have a Catholic priest

ex: Nam ge sa:nto-pa:lga Covered-Wellst'ab? Do you(pl) have a Catholic priest at Covered Wells?

sa:vana (Span: sbana) N inalien indiv [pl: sas[a]vana]: sheet

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sbai-/ Sgogogsigk sbasbai-cu'i (contr of *sbahi-cu'i) NComp alien mass [1st pers sg: n-sbai-cu'i=ga]: pinole
flour (roasted grain ground into flour)

sbai-cu'i-va:ga NComp inalien mass [1st pers sg: n-sbai-cu'i-va:ga]: pinole drink
(roasted grain ground into flour and mixed with water; also called cu'i-va:ga)

sbai-cu'i-va:gaiku NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: n-sbai-cu'iva:gaiku=ga)]:

pinole bowl (container in which roasted grain is ground into flour)

sba:-

Sba:banagk N subst: name of a charco (where-there-are-lots-of-coyotes)

scu-

Scuculigk N subst: name of a village (where-there-are-lots-of-chickens) Scucupigk N subst: name of Santa Rosa Mountain (where-there-are-lots-of groundsquirrels)

scukcu (dial: scukcu'u) N indiv [pl: scuckcu]: Black (also called scuk milign) scuk-milign/ scuk-mligan NComp indiv: Black (also called scukcu)

sgsgak-cecemait NComp aggreg: crackers (dried out tortillas)

ex: Nt o ha'i hu: g sgak-cecemait. I'll eat a few crackers.

Sgogogsigk N subst: name of a village (where there are lots of dogs)

153 [s-]hauk vainom[/ si

sh[s-]hauk vainom[] NExpr(?): aluminum (light metal)

sha'i 'u:v Stat Expr: to smell bad, to stink

ex: Sha'i 'o 'u:v. It stinks.

she:kig ha'icu NExpr(?): celebration, happiness

ex: ..matt 'am a(<va) he'es hab o ju: g she:kig ha'icu. ..that we will have a big celebration.

she:kig ha'icu vu Stat Expr: to be a celebration

ex: ...mo (<vu) she:kig ha'icu 'am ves hemajkam havui. ...that it is a celebration for all the people.

she:pijig N: cold weather

cem she:pijig maad NExpr: the month of October (moon of the small cold weather) ge'e she:pijig maad NExpr: the month of December (moon of the big cold weather)

she:p[]c'e Adv: in winter (in the cold) she:p[]c'ekam N subst: wintertime (one during which it is cold)
ex: Nap shoho'id g she:pc'ekam? Do you like wintertime?

she:p[]c'ekam vu Stat Expr: to be wintertime

ex: ... nat pi 'ea u(<vu) she:pc'ekam 'ea. ... because it was winter at the time.

she:p[]kam N subst: wintertime (one that is cold)

ex: Nap shoho'id g she:p[]kam? Do you like wintertime?

shiosigam-hu:[-sitoi] NComp aggreg: popcorn Shukagk N subst: name of Prescott (where it's full of boards) sisi Part (intensive): very, extremely, exactly
ex: Nt o a 'i si si'alimk e: si'alim. I'll wake up real early tomorrow. Si 'it(<'at) e'e hegam kakavyu. They sure bucked, those horses! N g si be:i ! Hold it tight! Heg 'o (<vud) si 'O:b. He is a full-blooded Apache.

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siakam/ sij siakam N alien indiv [pl: sisiakam]: enemy killer, war hero
sisiakam ha-u:kuddam NExpr aggreg: enemy killers' guardian

siakam vu Stat Expr sgs: to be an enemy killer, a war hero siakamga vu Stat Expr sgs: to be somebody's enemy killer, war hero
ex: D(<vu) 'o tsiakamga. He is our war hero.

siakamga Stat sing: to have an enemy killer, a war hero

ex: Nam ge siakamga? Do you(pl) have a war hero?

siant (Span: ciento) Num: one hundred sibio (Span?) N indiv [pl: sisbio]: hoe (same as sikonaku) sigal (Span: cigarro) N alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg sigal=ga-j); distr: sis[i]gal]: cigarette
ex: 'Am 'o 'ulinc g 'esigalga. He is offering (holding out) his cigarette. 'Am 'o ha'i 'u:'ulinc g 'esigalga. He is offering (holding out) some of his cigarettes.

si haju NExpr inalien aggreg [distr: si hahaju]: blood relatives sihon Vtr [Neutr: def siho; hort sihon]: to stir obj (ashes or coals)
ex: 'I sihon g tai! Stir the fire! Mat pi 'am hu o 'i si s'ap meihid 'at 'am o a 'i siho. When (the fire) is not burning well, one stirs it some.

sihonaku N: a fire shovel or stick used to stir the coals sihovi see Vtr sihovin= to rummage, poke into, obj sihovin Vtr [Neutr: def sihovi; indef and hort sihovin; imper sgs sihovina-. Dur:
sinovina-d. Interr: sihovina-him]: to rummage into, poke at, obj (as with a rat in a hole to make it come out) ex: ... heghekaj 'am sihovinahim. ... with it (the stick) they were poking at it there (in its hole). Nt o 'i sihovinahi. I'll be poking at it (with interruptions).

-sihovinaku in NComp: instrument to rummage, poke with

tai-sihovinaku NComp: poker ta:tam-sihovinaku NComp aggreg: toothpick

sij Vintr [Neutr: def sij. Correl: sij-k]: to jingle (as of coins)

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sijig/ sikolka sijig N: jingling noise (as of coins) sij[i]gid Vtr [Neutr: indef sijigid]: to make obj jingle
ex: 'Elialga a sijigid. He is making his money jingle some.

si jisk N Expr inalien (1st pers sg: si n-isk]: real aunt sijko N inalien indiv [pl: sisijko]: rattle (of a rattlesnake)
ex: ko'ov hasisijko= rattlesnakes' rattles

siko see Vtr sikon= to hoe obj siko Mod sg [pl: si'isko]: forming a circle
ex: Siko daha. They are sitting in a cirle. Si'isko daha. They are sitting in circles.

siko maad NExpr: full moon sikol Adv sg [pl: si'iskol]: circular, circularly
ex: Pi 'ap sikol 'o'oho. He did not draw a good circle. Pt o sikol me:! Run in a circle! Pt o sikol hi:! Walk in a circle! Sikol g bijimid! Make it go in a circle! M 'at ab o 'i si'iskol bi:bimad. They will keep on circling around and around there.

sikol da[ha] Stat Expr sgs [pls: si'iskol daha]: to be sitting cross-legged
ex: ... ma 'am si'iskol daha. ... who were (hearsay) sitting cross-legged there.

Sikol Himadk/ Sikol Himidk NExpr: a village (where the water goes in a circle) sikolim Adv: in a round, circular, way
ex: Nt o sikolim 'o'oho. I'll draw a circle.

sikolk/ sikok Adj sg [pl: si'iskolk/ si'iskok]: round, circular

ex: hega'i sikok mi:sa= that round table hegam si'iskolk mimsa= those round tables

sikolk/ sikok Stat sgs [pls: si'iskolk/ si'isko] to be round, circular

ex: Sikolk 'o g mi:sa. The table is round.

sikolka Vintr sgs (for pls see si'iskolka) [Neutr: def sikolka. Interr: sikolka-him]: to
become round, circular ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) o sikolka g maad. Soon the moon will be full (round). Sikolkahim 'o g maad. The moon is close to being full.

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sikolk[a]d/ siko[i]d sikolk[a]d Vtr sgo (for plo see si'iskolk[a]d): to make obj get round, circular sikolkda N inalien: act of making something get round, circular
ex: Nt o 'ip na:to g nsikolka! Let me finish my rounding (it) first!

-sikol[k]ag in kalit-sikolag NComp indiv [pl: kalit-si'iskolag]: wagon wheel sikol[k]aj N indiv [pl: si'iskol[k]daj]: wheel of a specified entity (wagon)
ex: Sikolaj 'epac. Its wheel is broken.

sikol-medam NComp sg [pl: si'iskol-vo:po'odam]: wheel (one that keeps running

circularly)

sikon Vtr [Neutr: def siko; indef and hort sikon; imper sgs: sikona-. Correl: sikon-k;
immed: sikon-ka-'i. Compl: sikon-ok. Dur: sikona-d. Interr: sikona-him.]: to hoe obj (same as si:mun) ex: 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'o sikon g 'ehu:ga. This fellow is hoeing his corn. Sikonahim 'a. I have been hoeing it. Napt 'ab 'i sikonahi? Have you been hoeing it (with interruptions)? Nt o 'ip sikonoka'i. I'll hoe it first (before doing something else). Pi g 'am sikon 'i:da'a hu:! Don't hoe this corn (field)!

sikona N inalien: act of hoeing

ex: Nt o 'ip na:to g nsikona. I'll finish my hoeing first.

sikonadkam s- N sg: one good at hoeing sikonaku N inalien indiv [pl: siskonaku] hoe, cultivator sikonas Stat: to be hoed
ex: Hek o hu sikonas. It's already hoed.

sikondad see Vdtr siko[i]d= to hoe obj for somebody siko see Vdtr siko[i]d= to hoe obj for somebody siko[i]d Vdtr [Neutr: def siko; indef and hort sikoid; imper sgs sikonda-. Correl:
sikoid-k; immed: sikoid-ka-'i. Compl: sikoid-ok; immed: sikoid-oka-'i. Dur: sikonda-d. Interr: sikonda-him.]: to hoe obj for somebody ex: Tt hig o hihimk o siko hega'i 'o'odham! Let's go and hoe (his field) for that fellow! Nsikoid! Hoe it for me! 'A sikoidahim g hu:gaj hega'i 'o'odham. I have been hoeing his corn for that fellow. Nt o 'ip na:to sikoidk. I'll finish hoeing it for him first.

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sikul/ sipulk sikul N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: sikuli-j); pl: siskul]: younger sibling or cousin
(same as e:pij)

silv:sa/silv:s (Span: cerveza) N alien mass: beer Simana-Snto (Span: semana santa) NComp [loc: simana-snto-c-'e]: Easter siminjel (Span: cementario) N indiv [pl: sisminjel]: cemetery simito N inalien indiv [pl: sismito]: whole wheat bun sino (Span: seorita) N: seorita sigo/ si:nko (Span: cinco) N alien aggreg/ indiv [pl: sisigo]: nickel, five-cent piece sip see Vintr sip[a]= to break open sip[a] Vintr sgs (for pls see sispa) [Neutr: def sip. Correl: sipa-k; immed: sipa-ka'i. Interr: sipi-him]: to break open ex: Sip 'at. It broke open. Sip g kostal. The sack broke open. Siphim 'o. It's about to break open. T o sipak o doa. It (a boil) will break open and will heal. T o 'op(<'ip) sipaka'i. It will break open first.

sipu Adv: upside down, with rear end up

ex: Sipu ke:k. It (the olla) is standing upside down. si sipu kekiva VExpr sgs: to stand with one's rear end up si sipu kekivup VExpr sgs: to do somersaults ex: M 'apt o si sipu kekivupad. Be doing somersaults!

sipuka in si 'e-sipuka VExpr reflex: to stick one's rear end up

ex: Pt o si 'esipuka! Stick your rear end up! Nant o 'i nsipuka? Shall I stick my rear end up?

sipug N alien indiv [pl: sispug]: a bird, cardinal sipugag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-sispugag): to be full of cardinals (birds) in
a single location

sipulk Stat sing [mult: si'ispulk]: to form a pile (sand, dirt, ashes)
ex: 'O'o 'am sipulk. There is a pile of sand down there. 'O'o 'am si'ispulk. There are (here and there) piles of sand down there.

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sipulk/ sisiakam sipulk in ha'icu sipulk NExpr: a pile (of something)

matai-sipulk NComp(?): pile of ashes

sipulk[a]d Vtr sing (for mult see si'ispulk[a]d): to form obj into a pile (sand, ashes) sipulkas Stat sing: to be piled up (into one pile)
ex: ..mo g hohodai 'im daha, sipulkas. ..where there are (sitting) stones there, piled up.

sipulkda N inalien [distr: si'ispulkda]: pile (of dirt, dust, sand, ashes) in the process of
being made ex: Pt o 'i'ava g nsi'ispulka! Throw away my piles (for instance, the piles of dust I made in various places as I was sweeping the floor). jevu sipulkda NExpr inalien [distr: jevu si'ispulkda]: pile of dust matai sipulkda NExpr inalien [sg (1st pers sg: matai n-sipulkda); distr: matai si'ispulkda]: pile of ashes 'o'o sipulkda NExpr inalien [distr: 'o'o si'ispulkda]: pile of sand

sipulkdaku in matai-sipulkdaku NComp(?): dumping place for one's ashes

(same as matai-'iaviku)

sipu see Vtr sipun= to break obj open sipu Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort sipu]: to break obj open (same as sipun?)
ex: T o sipu. He will break it open (a doctor breaking a sore open) Sipua! Break it open! 'Oi g sipu! Go ahead and break it open!

sipun Vtr sgo (for plo see sispun) [Neutr: def sipu; hort sipun; imper sgs: sipuna. Correl: sipun-k. Compl: sipun-ok]: to break obj open (same as sipu?) ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) sipu. You might break it open (without meaning to). 'Oi g sipun! Go ahead and break it open (right away)! T o 'ip sipunoka'i. He will break it open first.

sisbio see N sibio= hoe sisia Vintr Repet (for Unit see si'a) [Neutr: indef sisia]: to dawn repeatedly; to rise
in the morning repeatedly (the moon) ex: Stoabk skeg sisia. In summer the dawns are beautiful (it dawns beautifully). ... b(<vab) kia sisia g maad. ... the moon is still in its first quarter (still rises at daybreak).

sisiakam see N siakam= enemy killer, war hero

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sisialmad/ sismito sisialmad Adv: early each morning (same as ves si'alig 'ab)
ex: Sisialmad vahammig. He rises early in the morning. Cum hekid 'a vuicud sisialmad. I practice kicking ball every morning.

sis[i]gal see N sigal= cigarette sisijko see N sijko= rattle (of a rattle snake) sisiku see N si'iku= nipple; bottle sisil see N si:l= saddle sisipu see N si:pu= buttocks, rump sisivoda/ sisivodag see N si:vodag= topknot of feathers (of a bird) sisivulokig/ sisivlokig/ sisvulokig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-sivulokig):
to be full of whirlwinds in various locations

sisivulok/ sisivlok/ sisvulok see N sivulok= whirlwind sisi see N si:= elbow sisi see Vtr sisip= to pin, nail, obj (with several pins, nails) sisic semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-si:c): to have one's elbows on something
ex: Nsisic 'an mi:sa da:m. I've got my elbows on the table. N(<'an) g ab 'i 'i(<'e)sisicid! Keep your elbows on there!

sisip Vtr Unit (for Repet see sisiap) mult or plo (for sing or sgo see si:p) [Neutr:
def sisi; hort sisip/ sisip]: to nail/ pin obj (with several pins, nails) ex: N(<'an) g sisip! Pin it (a dress) in several places (hold it together with safety pins).

sisipaku see N si:paku= safety pin sisipid Vdtr mult (for sing see si:pid) [Neutr: def sisip; hort sisipid]: to nail/ pin
obj with several nails/ pins for somebody

sisip see Stat si:p= to be nailed/ pinned in one place sisiap Vtr Repet (for Unit see sisip) mult (for sing see siap) and plo [Neutr: indef
sisiap. Dur: sisiapa-d]: to nail/ pin obj with several nails/ pins repeatedly

siskonaku see N sikonaku= hoe, cultivator siskul see N sikul= younger sibling or cousin sisminjel see N siminjel= cemetary sismito see N simito = whole wheat bun

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sispa/ sisto'oltdamsispa Vintr pls (for sgs see sipa) [Neutr: def sisp; indef sispa]: to break open
ex: Sisp g hihivdaj. His sores broke open. Sispa g hihivdaj. His sores are breaking open.

sispug see N sipug= a bird, cardinal sispugag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-sipugag): to be full of cardinals (birds) in
various locations

sispun Vtr plo (for sgo see sipun) [Neutr: def sispu; hort sispun. Correl: sispunk]: to break obj open ex: Pt o ho(<ha)sispu g kokstal. You are going to break the sacks open. Pi g 'am hasispun! Don't break them open (sores)! T o ho(<ha)sispunk 'an o ho(<ha)vu:p. He will break them (sores) open and bandage them.

sistoiku see N sitoiku= instrument to roast coffee, wheat, corn sisto'ol see N sitol: syrup; jam sisto'ol[]cud Vdtr mult (for sing see sitol[]cud) [Neutr: def sisto'olc; hort
sisto'olcud]: to make different kinds of syrup/ jam out of obj for somebody ex: Nt o msisto'olc. I'll make you different kinds of syrup (jam).

sisto'olt Vtr Repet (for Unit see sitolt) [Neutr: indef sisto'olt]: to make syrup/ jam out
of obj repeatedly ex: Kuc 'an behekc sisto'olt. We gather it (saguaro pulp) and make syrup out of it.

sisto'olt Vtr mult (for sing see sitolt) [Neutr: def hort and indef sisto'olt]: to make
various kinds of syrup/ jam out of obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)sisto'olt I'll make various kinds of syrup/ jam.

sisto'oltaku see N sitoltaku= storage pot for saguaro fruit syrup sisto'oltdam N subst: one making syrup/ jam repeatedly sisto'oltdam vu Stat: to be one making syrup/ jam repeatedly
ex: D(<vu) 'o sisto'oltdam. She is the one who repeatedly makes syrup/ jam.

sisto'oltdam-mu:val NComp indiv [pl: sisto'oltdam-mumuval]: honey bee (also

called panal)

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sisva/ sitoi sisva Vintr Unit (for Repet see sisvup) [Neutr: def, hort and indef sisva; imper sgs
sisva-, pls sisva-yo. Correl: sisva-k; immed: sisva-ka-'i. Compl: sisva-yok; immed: sisva-yo-ka-'i. Dur: sisva-d]: to spit ex: Cum hekid 'am ab sisva. He always just spits down (on the floor). 'O ob(<vab) cum heba'i sisva. He just spits all over the place. 'Id 'apt 'ea 'i o sisvad! Be spitting in this! -- ..matp 'am vua 'am sisvaka'i. ..which she had put down there right after spitting on it (there).

sisvadam N subst: one who spits continually sisvaag N inalien [3rd pers sg sisvaa-j]: spittle, saliva sisvaag s- Stat: to have a lot of saliva, to salivate a lot (as of a child) sisvat see N sivat= goat sisviku N: spittoon (instrument to spit in) sisvim[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def and hort sisvimad]: to spit on obj
ex: Pi g 'am nsisvimad! Don't you spit on me! B(<'ab) g si sisvimad! Spit right on him!

sisvul see N sivul= onion sisvup Vintr Repet (for Unit see sisva) [Neutr: indef sisvup]: to spit repeatedly sito Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef sito; imper sgs sito-. Correl: sito-k; immed:
sitdo-ka-'i: Interr: sito-him. Dur: sito-d]: to roast obj (such as coffee, wheat, corn, and squash seeds) ex: Nt o sito g kavh:. I'll roast the coffee beans. Skeg 'ant sito. I roasted them well. Sito! Roast it! Nap hejel sito g kavh:? Do you roast your own coffee beans? (roast coffee beans yourself?) Sitohim 'a g hu:. I have been roasting corn. Nt o sitod g kavh:. I'll be roasting coffee beans (for a while). Tt o 'i: sitoka'ik cu:tka'i. We'll drink it (pinole) right after roasting and grinding it (wheat). ... g pilka o sitok o cu:tk o 'i:. ... he will roast the wheat, grind it, and drink it.

sito Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-sito]: to be roasted (coffee, wheat, corn, and squash seeds)
ex: Skeg 'esito. It's well roasted.

sitoi N inalien: act of roasting (coffee, corn, wheat)

ex: Nap sma:c g sitoi? Do you know how to roast (coffee, corn)? Nt o 'ip na:to g nsitoi. I'll finish my roasting first.

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sitoi/ sitolt sitoi in ha'icu sitoi NExpr aggreg: something in the process of being roasted
kavh: sitoi NExpr alien aggreg: roasted coffee beans hu: sitoi NExpr alien aggreg: roasted corn shiosigam-hu:-sitoi NComp(?) alien aggreg: popcorn

sitoi see Vdtr sitoid= to roast obj for somebody sitoid Vtr [Neutr: def sitoi; indef and hort sitoid. Correl: sitoid-k; immed: sitoidka-'i. Dur: sitoida-d. Interr: sitoida-him]: to roast obj (coffee, corn, wheat or squash seeds) for somebody ex: Nt o ha'i msitoi. I'll roast you(sg) a few (corncobs). ... hasitoi g hu:. ... she roasted corn for them. Ha'i nsitoid! Roast me a few (corncobs)! Hasitoidahim g hu:. She has been roasting corn for them. Hasitoidk 'am 'ep cu'ihim 'ep. After roasting it (the wheat) for them she also ground it.

sitoiku N inalien aggreg [distr: sistoiku]: instrument to roast with (either sticks for
roasting corn or pot for roasting wheat or coffee)

sitois Stat: to be roasted

ex: Nt o ho(<ha) nolot g kavh: mo pi sitois. I'll buy (from somebody) coffee beans that are not roasted.

sitol N alien mass [distr: sisto'ol]: syrup; jam

bahidaj-sitol NComp alien mass: saguaro fruit syrup gohi-sitol NComp alien mass: strawberry jam julaa-sitol NComp alien mass: peach jam mu:val-sitol NComp alien mass: honey nala-sitol NComp alien mass: marmalade

sitol[ga] Stat: to have syrup, jam

ex: Nap ge sitolga? Do you have any syrup? nala-sitol[ga] Stat Comp: to have marmalade ex: Nap ge nala-sitolga? Do you have any marmalade?

sitol[]cud Vdtr sing (for mult see sisto'ol[]cud) [Neutr: def sitolc; hort sitolcud]: to
make one kind of syrup/ jam out of obj for somebody ex: Nt o msitolc. I'll make you syrup (or jam).

sitolt Vtr Unit (for Repet see sisto'olt) sing (for mult see sisto'olt) [Neutr: def sitol;
hort sitolt; imper sgs sitolta-]: to make one kind of syrup/ jam out of obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)sitol g nala. I'll make marmalade (jam out of oranges)

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sitolt/ sivo sitolt Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-sitol. Interr: 'e-sitolta-him]: to turn into syrup
ex: 'Esitol. The syrup is done (it turned into syrup). 'Esitoltahim 'o. The syrup is getting ready (it's about to turn into syrup).

sitolta N inalien: syrup,/ jam in the process of being made

ex: Nt o u:kud g nsitolta, t o 'om(<'am) mei. I'll watch my syrup/ jam, it might burn.

sitoltaku N indiv [pl: sisto'oltaku]: storage pot for saguaro fruit syrup siva Vtr Unit (for Repet see sivup) [Neutr: def and hort siva]: to hit obj with one's
elbow ex: Si nsiva 'apt. You hit me hard with your elbow.

sivup Vtr Repet (for Unit see siva) [Neutr: indef sivup]: to hit obj with one's elbow
repeatedly

siap Vtr Repet (for Unit see si:p) sing (for mult see sisiap) [Neutr: indef sisap.
Dur: sisapa-d]: to nail/ pin obj with one nail, pin repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'ab ab siap. (When she tears her dress) she just holds it together with a safety pin.

siv see Vintr sivug= to crackle, to hiss siv Stat [Neutr: indef siv; def siv=k. Dur: siv=ka-d. Interr: siv=ka-him]: to taste bitter
ex: Siv g kavh:. The coffee is bitter. Siv 'o g u:dag. The water is bitter. Siv g ha'icu hug. The food tastes bitter. Pi 'o siv. It's not bitter.

siv Adj: bitter

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) na:k g siv nala. I don't like (the taste of) a bitter orange.

Siva N: name of a mythological character Siva-Makai NComp(?): name of a mythological character Siva Va'aki NExpr(?): name of the Hohogam fort near Casa Grande sivat N alien indiv [pl: sisvat]: goat sivo Adv: tuft-shaped (said of anything shooting up and falling outward, such as a
fountain, an exploding piece of fireworks)

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sivo/ si'al[ig]
ex: Hu: sivo vu:. There is a clump of corn (stalks). Sivo mei. There was a burst of light. Sivo memhe. There were repeated bursts of light.

sivok Adj sg [pl: si'isvok]: tuft-shaped (anything shooting up and falling outward)
ex: sivok mo'okam cucul= a chicken with a tuft (of feathers) on its head si'isvok mo:mim cucul= chickens with a tuft (of feathers) on their heads

siv-taag NComp: burrowweed (a weed used for covering houses) sivug Vintr [Neutr: def siv; indef sivug. Dur: sivuga-d. Interr: sivug[i]-him]: to crackle
(as bacon in pan), to hiss (as air escaping from a tire) ex: Ha'as a(<va) siv. It stopped crackling. Hemu 'ut(<'at) o siv. Soon it's going to start crackling. Sivughim 'o. It is making a hissing noise. Sivug g hamn-ga'i. The bacon is crackling.

sivul N alien aggreg [distr: sisvul]: onion siv[u]lokiag Stat sgs: to be like a whirlwind
ex: a 'a(<'o) va sivulokiag hega'i. He is pretty much like a whirlwind, that one.

siv[u]lokig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-sisivulogig): to be full of whirlwinds
in a single location

siv[u]lok N indiv [pl: sisivulok/ sisvulok/ sisivlok]: whirlwind

ex: e'iopa 'at g sisivlok. The whirlwinds are out. Ha'i vo:po'o g sisivlok. A few whirlwinds are running.

Siv Vavhai NExpr(?): name of a village (bitter well) Siv 'Oidag NExpr(?): name of a village (bitter field) si'a Vintr Unit (for Repet see si'sia) [Neutr: def si'a; indef si'a. Correl: si'a-k;
immed: si'a-ka-'i Interr: si'a-him]: to dawn, to rise in the morning (the moon) ex: T ga hu 'i si'a mga hu. It had dawned. Si'a 'atk g maad. It's the new moon/ the moon is in its first crescent (the moon rose in the morning). Si'ahim 'o. It's close to daybreak. Si'ahim 'o g maad. It's close to new moon. T o si'ak o ma:si. It will dawn and it will be light.

si'al[ig] N: morning light, morning

ex: ... 'ab haha ab 'i cum ton g si'alig ... ... then as soon as the morning light started to shine ... ves si'alig 'ab AdvExpr: every morning

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si'alig/ si'i si'alig vu Stat Expr: to be the early morning

ex: D(<vu) 'o 'i tsi'alig matt o hihi. It's the (our) morning we decided to leave. D(<vu) 'o tsi'alig matt heg 'am hab o ju:. It's the morning we decided to do that.

si'alig N [loc: si'alig-c-'e, si'alig-t-'amje]: east

ex: si'aligt'amje= from the east si'alig ta:gio= eastward(no motion) si'alig veco= in the east (under the east).-- 'Im 'atp hab hi a(<va) hihi si'alig vui. They left going eastward (I think).

si'alim Adv: this morning, in the morning; tomorrow

ex: Si'alim 'at ei. They sang this morning. Nt o mei si'alim. I'll see you tomorrow. g hema si'alim Adv Expr: the day after tomorrow ge si'alim Adv Expr: unusually early in the morning ex: 'A k hebaiji ge si'alim 'in vo:po'o? Where could they possibly come from (running or driving) so early in the morning? vab 'i si'alim Adv Expr: right at daybreak, at dawn (same as vab 'i si'alimk) ex: ia k ab 'i si'alim 'am da'ivu hega'i haje'e. Well, and at daybreak their mother got out of there. ... b(<vab) 'i si'alim o me:! ... at daybreak start running! ... mat ab 'i si'alim o 'emnam g 'o:b. .. that at daybreak the enemy will meet you(pl).

si'alim da:m juk Adv Expr: tomorrow noon si'alim huunk Adv Expr: tomorrow evening si'alimk Adv: early in the morning, at daybreak, at dawn
ex: Nt o a 'i si si'alimk ia si'alim. I'll wake up early tomorrow. Kut si'alimk ga hu o 'ehemapa ... At dawn they will gather here ... ... mamt si'alimk o eia, b 'i scuhugamk 'amt o eia ... ... that you(pl) should wake up at dawn, when it's still dark you(pl) wake up ... vab 'i si'alimk Adv Expr: right at daybreak, dawn (same as vab 'i si'alim) ex: ... b 'i si'alimk hi:. ... at dawn he left on foot. ... 'am o me: ab 'i si'alimk! ... run there, at dawn!

si'al ke:k NExpr(?): daybreak (time when the morning light is standing)
ex: Si'al ke:k, vo hi:! At daybreak, go!

si'al-vui VComp subst intr: to die (to go east; see also vuagame and 'i:bhai ko'ime)
ex: Nt o si'al-vui. I am going to die (soon).

si'i Vtr [Neutr: def si:; indef si'i; hort si:-'i; imper sgs si'i-, pls si'i-vo. Correl: si'i-k;
immed: si'i-ka-'i. Compl: si'-ok; immed si'-oka-'i. Dur: si'i-d. Interr: si'i-him]: to suck obj (breast or bottle)

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si'i/ si'iskol
ex: Si'i ves gi'ik 'o:la 'ab. He sucks it (the breast or bottle) every four hours. Ta a(<va) 'i si'i. He sucks for a long time. Ta 'at a(<va) si:. He sucked for a long time (long enough). 'Ali 'at o si:. The child is going to suck (it). M 'at ab o 'i si'id. He will keep on sucking (the breast or bottle). T o 'i si'ihi. He is going to be sucking (the breast or bottle) off and on. Si'ik o koi. Having sucked (the breast or bottle), he will go to sleep. -- Si'oka'ik o koi. He will fall asleep immediately after sucking it.

si'icud Vtr [Neutr: def si'ic; indef and hort si'icud. Dur: si'icuda-d]: to breast feed, to
nurse a child, to give a child the breast, or its bottle ex: Napt si'ic? Did you feed it? Nt o si'ic g ma. I'll give the breast/ its bottle to my baby. Si'icuda! Nurse it! No si'icud? Is she nursing it? Si'icud 'a. I am nursing (my baby).

-si'ida in vipi-si'ida NComp aggreg: name of a flower si'idag s- Stat: to suck the breast a lot (said of a baby)
ex: 'Ali ssi'idag. The baby sucks a lot.

si'idam N subst: one who sucks the breast continually si'idkam s- N subst: one who sucks the breast a lot Si'ihe, Si'iheg, Si'ihi, Si'ihig see N Si:s= Older Brother si'ihegba, si'ihigba see N si:sba= deceased older sibling si'iku N [distr: sisiku]: nipple; bottle si'im s- V subst tr: to wish to suck the breast or a bottle
ex: Cum 'o ssi'im. He wants to suck (the breast or bottle)

si'imk s- Stat tr: to be desirous to suck the breast or a bottle

ex: Ssi'imk 'o. He wants to suck (the breast).

si'imkam s- N subst: one who wants to suck the breast or a bottle si'isko see Adv siko= forming a circle si'iskol see Adv sikol= circular, circularly si'iskol[k]ag see sikol[k]ag= wheel of a specified entity si'iskolk see Adj sikolk= round circular si'iskolk see Stat sikolk= to be round, circular

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si'iskolka/ si:bamad si'iskolka Vintr pls (for sgs see sikolka): to become round, circular si'iskolk[a]d Vtr plo (for sgo see sikolk[a]d): to make obj get round, circular si'iskol-vo:po'odam see NComp sikol-medam= wheel si'ispulk see Stat sipulk= to form a pile si'ispulk[a]d Vtr mult (for sing see sipulk[a]d): to form obj into piles (for entities
such as sand, dirt, ashes) ex: Si'ispulkad 'a g jevu. I am making dirt piles.

si'ispulkda see N sipulkda= pile si'isvok see Adj sivok= tuft-shaped si'ok see Vtr si'i- = to suck (breast or bottle)

si:-

si: see Vtr si'i- = to suck (breast or bottle) si:b see Vintr si:ba= to drizzle si:ba Vintr [Neutr: def si:b; indef si:ba. Correl: si:ba-k; immed: si:ba-ka-'i. Dur:
si:bai-d. Interr: si:ba[i]-him]: to drizzle ex: Ha'as 'at si:b. It stopped drizzling. T o si:b. It's going to start drizzling. B(<'ab) 'o si:bahim. It's drizzling this way. N(<'an) 'o ob(<vab) 'al si:ba. It's just drizzling lightly. T ab o 'i si:baid. It will keep on drizzling for a while. T o 'ip si:baka'i. It will drizzle (for a short while and stop).

si:ba N: drizzle si:bamad Vtr [Neutr: def si:bamad]: to drizzle on obj

ex: Tk o tsi:bamad. It is going to drizzle on us. 'In ab 'at tsi:bamad. It just drizzled lightly on us.

si:bamag[] s- Stat: to be spotted, dotted with spots of a certain color (said of a horse,
dog, or cow)

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si:bamag[]/ si:lex: Kavyu ssi:bamag. The horse is dotted (either black or red spots on a white horse). Scukuma ssi:bamag hega'i kavyu. That horse is dappled (blackly spotted).

si:bamag s- Adj: dotted, freckled

ex: ssi:bamag vuhioa= a freckled face

si:go N: one of the four gins tubes si:go Adv: a throw of the gins tubes scoring fourteen points (si:go face up and the three
other tubes face down)

si:go Vintr [Neutr: def and indef si:go. Dur: si:go-d]: to throw the gins tubes with si:go
face up and the three other tubes face down.

si:kig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Sonora white tail deer in a single location si:k N aggreg indiv [pl: sisk]: Sonora white tail deer si:l (Span: silla) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg si:li-j; loc: si:l-t-'aba'i); pl: sisil]: saddle
ex: vapkialga hasisil= my cowboys' (their) saddles

si:l Stat sing [mult: sisil]: to have a saddle

ex: Scuk 'a si:l. I have a black saddle.

si:l[a]d Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort si:lad; imper sgs: si:lda-]: to saddle obj (same
as hogi[a]d) ex: Nt o si:lad g noiga. I'll saddle my horse. Si:lda g 'eoiga! Saddle your horse!

si:lag Stat sgs: to be saddled, to have a saddle on (same as hogiag)

ex: Kavyu 'an ge si:lag. The horse has a saddle on.

si:lim/ si:lkam N subst sing: one with a saddle

Cuk Si:lim NComp(?): a nickname (One-with-a-black-saddle)

si:l[]cud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def si:lc; hort si:lcud]: to make a saddle for somebody out
of obj

si:l-mo'o N Comp alien/ inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: n-si:l-mo'o[=ga]; loc: si:l-mo'o-t'an); pl: sisil-mo:m]: saddle horn

Si:l Nagiak NExpr: name of a village (where a saddle is hanging)

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Si:lt/ si:skidaku si:lt Vtr sing: to make a saddle out of obj si:ltadkam s- N subst: one who is good at making a saddle si:ltdag s- Stat: to be good at making a saddle si:ltdam N subst: a saddle maker si:mun Vtr [Neutr: def si:mu; hort si:mun]: to hoe obj (same as sikon) si:nju (Span: cincha) N: cinch si:nko see N sigo: nickel si:pu N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg si:pua-j); pl: sisipu]: buttocks, rump si:pu Stat sgs: to have buttocks, a rump, a seat si:s N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg si:si-j); pl: si:sig/ si:si'a/ si:si'ag]: older sibling, older
cousin; great-great-grandchild (in both cases the reciprocal term is e:pij)

Si:s/ Si'ihe/ Si'iheg/ Si'ihig/ Si'ihi N inalien[1st pers pl t-Si:s]: Older Brother
(terms applied to 'I'itoi, the cultural hero)

si:sba/ si'ihegba/ si'ihigba N inalien sg: deceased older sibling, cousin si:sig/ si:si'a/ si:si'ag see N si:s= older sibling or cousin; great-great-grandchild si:sig/ si:si'a/ si:si'ag 'e- N: a pair of siblings or cousins (same as 'e-si:sim) si:sim 'e- N: a pair of siblings or cousins (same as 'e-si:sig) si:sk Vintr [Neutr: def and indef si:sk]: to rustle, to make a rustling, swishing noise
ex: Ha'as a(<va) si:sk. It stopped rustling. B(<vab) 'am 'i si:sk hega'i ha'icu hahu:c. They are just making a rustling noise, those claws.

si:skid Vtr [Neutr: def si:sk; indef and hort si:skid. Dur: si:skida-d]: to sift, screen, obj
ex: Nt o si:sk g 'o'o. I'll sift the sand. Si:skida g 'o'o! Sift the sand! Si:skid 'o g 'o'o. He is sifting sand.

si:skidaku N: sieve, screen for sand

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si:sk/ si:voda si:sk see Vtr si:skid= to sift, screen obj si: (dial: si:o) N indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: si:a-j); pl: sisi]: elbow si: see Vtr si:p= to nail/ pin obj in one place si:c semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-sisic): to have one's elbow on something si:p Vtr Unit (for Repet see sixap) sing (for mult see sisip) [Neutr: def si:; hort
si:p[]; imper sgs: si:pa-/ si:pi-. Compl: si:p-ok; immed si:p-oka-'i]: to nail, pin obj in one place ex: Nt o si: g picture 'ab ki:t'ab. I'll pin the picture on the wall. Nt o si: g 'ipu. I'll hold my skirt together (with a safety pin). N(<'an) g si:p! Hold it to gether (with a safety pin)! M(<'am) g 'u:pam si:p! Nail it back in place (the way it was before). B(<'ab) g si:p! Put a nail in (to hold it in place)! Nt o 'ip si:pok g 'ipu! Let me first finish putting my shirt together (with a safety pin)!

si:paku N indiv [pl: sisipaku]: safety pin si:pid Vdtr sing (for mult see sisipid) [Neutr: def si:p; hort si:pid]: to nail/ pin obj
in one place for somebody ex: Nt o si:p g atoaj g 'ali. I'll pin the (his) diapers of the child. B(<'ab) g nsi:pid! Could you pin it (together) for me!

si:p see Vdtr si:pid= to nail/ pin obj in one place for somebody si:p[] Stat sing [mult: sisip]: to be nailed, pinned with one pin/ nail
ex: Svinma si:p. It's firmly pinned (to something). B(<'ab) 'o 'e'ab sisip. They are pinned together (with several pins).

si:voda/ si:vodag N inalien [sg (3rd pers sg: si:voda-j); pl/distr: sis[i]voda/
sis[i]vodag]: something sticking in one's hair (such as a feather); topnot of feathers (such as that of a quail); rays of the sun ex: ... 'am hab bei g ogivulij c g 'etonlig, 'esisivodag, ghekaj si daghiunk 'am ma: hega'i 'o'odham. ... (Sun) took his (the man's) kicking ball and having rubbed it with his light, his rays, he gave it to that fellow. ha'icu 'a'an si:voda[g] NExpr alien indiv: headdress with feathers ba'ag-'a'an si:voda[g] NExpr alien indiv: headdress with eagle feathers ta sisvoda[g] NExpr: sun rays at sunrise or sunset

si:voda/ si:vodag Stat sgs [pls: sis[i]voda/ sis[i]vodag]: to have a topknot of feathers
(such as a quail); to have a headdress with bird feathers

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si:voda/ skegam
ex: Kakaicu 'an ge si:voda. A quail has a topknot of feathers. Kakaicu 'an ge sisvoda. Quails have top knots of feathers. ba'ag-'a'an si:vodag Stat Expr: to have a headdress of eagle feathers ex: Ba'ag-'a'an 'a si:vodag. I have a headdress of eagle feathers (on my head).

si:vodacug Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef si:vodacug]: to be wearing a headdress (with some
kind of bird's feathers) ex: 'An si:vodacug g ba'ag-'a'an. He is wearing a headdress with eagle feathers.

si:vodat Vtr [Neutr: def si:vodat]: to make a headdress out of obj

ex: Nt o hema si:vodat. I'll make a headdress (out of it). Nt hascu 'un(<'an) o si:vodat? With what am I going to make a headdress?

si:'i see Vtr si'i= to suck the breast or bottle sjsje:jeg N mass: lace
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) bei g sje:jeg. I'll get some lace. sje:jeg-pualt NComp indiv [pl: sje:jeg pupualt]: door screen sje:jeg-vainom NComp indiv: metallic screen sje:jeg-vinda NComp indiv [pl: sje:jeg-vipinda]: window screen ex: Msje:jeg-vinda 'o sbi:tag. Your window screen is filthy.

sje:jeg N aggreg: pieces of lace sjuhu'ujul in 'al cem sjuhu'ujul 'o'ohoag NExpr: name of a basket design
(little zigzag design)

sjuhu'ujul 'o'ohoag NExpr: name of a basket design (zigzag design) sk-

skaidam-iokdam NComp indiv [pl: skaidam-eiokdam]: loud speaker skegam in ha'icu skegam NExpr: a boy (old Expression no longer in use)

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skegam/ stoacu skegam in vu ha'icu skegam Stat Expr: to be a boy

ex: Tp u o ha'icu skegamk ... If it is a boy ...

skegcu N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg n-skegcu=ga); pl: skekegcu]: sweetheart Skekeligk N subst: name of a village (where-there-are-lots-of-old-men) Ski:kigk N subst: Phoeni (where-there-are-lots-of-houses)
ex: 'Am 'o ki: Ski:kigk 'am. He lives in Phoenix.

Skok[o]jigk N subst: name of a village (where-there-are-lots-of-pigs) sko'ok maad NExpr: the month of May (painful moon)

sn-

snamkig ha'icu N Expr: valuable things snaumadkam-u:dag NComp(?): liquor (same as snoagigam u:dag) snoagigam-u:dag NComp(?): liquor (same as snaumadkam u:dag) so:-

so:la (Engl: soda) N alien mass: soda

st-

stoacu (elis of *stohacu) N alien indiv [pl: sto:tacu]: dime, ten cents
go:k-sto:tacu NComp alien [1st pers sg -go:k-sto:tacu=ga]: two dimes vaik-sto:tacu NComp alien [1st pers sg -vaik-sto:tacu=ga]: three dimes

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stoacuga/ s'apstoacuga Stat sg [pl: sto:tacuga]: to have a dime

go:k-sto:tacuga Stat Comp: to have two dimes ex: Nap ge go:k-sto:tacuga? Do you have two dimes?

sto maad NExpr [loc: sto maad 'e]: the month of June (hot moon) s-to'otbid ia VExpr tr: to look at obj out of the corner of one's eyes sto'otbid 'o'ohoag NExpr: name of a basket design (twisted design) sto:ta in NComp: (so many) dimes
gi'ik-sto:ta NComp four dimes go:k-sto:ta NComp two dimes vaik-sto:ta NComp three dimes ex: 'I ma:k g vaik-sto:ta! Give me three dimes!

sto:tacu see stoacu= dime sto:tacuga see stoacuga= to have a dime Sto:ta-Hiosigam NComp(?): name of a girl (one with white flowers) su:-

su:na[s] N alien aggreg: fig

s'a-

s'ap[k] 'e [g 'o:la] Adv Expr: on time s'ap-':vcu NComp mass alien [2nd pers sg m-s'ap-':vcu=ga]: perfume (same as
s'u:vcu) ex: Shoho'id g ms'ap-'u:vcuga. I like your perfume. N(<'an) g ha 'iava g s'ap-'u:vcu nnovi 'an. Pour some perfume on my hand.

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s'ap-/ S'u'ams'ap-':vcu NComp aggreg: bottle of perfume

ex: Nt o a hema bei g s'ap-':vcu. I'll get a bottle of perfume. Nt o ha'i hanolot g s'ap':vcu. I'll buy a few bottles of perfume.

s'i-

s'i'ovi-vihol NComp: sweet peas s'i'ov-cecemait NComp aggreg: cookies

ex: Nt o ha'i hu: g s'i'ov-cecemait. I'll eat a few cookies.

s'o-

s'o'oi-mu: NComp aggreg: pinto beans s'u-

s'uamcu N alien indiv [sg( 1st pers sg: n-s'u'amcu=ga); pl: s'u'amcu; distr: s'u'amcu]:
penny ex: Ha'i ve:c g s'u'amcu 'an mi:sa da:m. There are some pennies on the table.

s'uamma sce:dag Adv Expr [pl: s'uamma scehedag]: yellow-green blue [s]'uam maad NExpr: the month of April (yellow moon) [S]'uam-uv NComp(?): a mythological character (Yellow Buzzard) s'uam 'u:v Stat Expr sgs: to stink, smell of feces
ex: S'uam 'o 'u:v g 'u:pio. A skunk stinks.

s'u'am-cu'igam NComp(?): phlegm, catarrh (yellow substance) S'u'am-Hiosigam NComp(?): name of a girl (one-with-yellow-flowers)

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s'u:vcu/ akalva s'u:vcu N alien mass: perfume (same as s'ap-':vcu)

ex: Shoho'id 'a g ms'u:vcuga. I like your perfume. N(<'an) g ha 'iava g s'u:vcu nnov 'an! Pour some perfume on my hand!

s'u:vcu N aggreg alien: bottle of perfume (same as s'ap-u:vcu)

ex: Nt o a hema bei g s'u:vcu. I'll get one bottle of perfume. Nt o hanolot g s'u:vcu. I'll buy some bottles of perfume.

a-

a Part: without 'i: some, somewhat, rather, kind of; with 'i: really, a lot, pretty much
ex: Haha'asij a(<)va) mo g gogs, baba hi a gavul ma:s. They (coyotes) are the same size as a dog, but (I think) they look somewhat different.--a 'ap a(<va) lo:gog! You are kind of crazy!-- Voho 'ont(<'ant) a 'i bihugim. I a really quite hungry.-- Pi 'o a 'i voho. It is not at all true.

ai see Vtr a:d= to chase obj to where one wants it to go akaickdag in ha'icu akaickdag NExpr: comb, crest (as that of a chicken)
cucul-akaickdag NComp(?): comb of a chicken

akaickdaj N inalien sg: comb, crest of a specified animal (its comb, crest) akal Adv [distr: a'akal]: sideways, side by side, in a row
ex: akal hihim. They are walking side by side (in one row). akal ve:c. They are lying side by side (boxes).-- akal 'apt o 'i 'e'ulink 'am o 'i va:! Squeeze in sideways! a'akal hihim. They are walking in several rows. a'akal cu:c. They are standing sideways (cards in a filing box).

akalk Stat [sing (Neutr: indef akalk); mult: a'akalk]: to be side by side in one row akalva Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see a'akalva) [Neutr: def akalva. Interr: akalvuhim]: to stagger sideways ex: akalva 'ant. I staggered sideways. akalvuhim 'o. He is staggering sideways (as a drunk).

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aliv/ aaig aliv N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg alvi-j); pl: aaliv; distr: aaliv]: a pair of pants
hog-aliv NComp inalien indiv [pl: hohog-aaliv]: a pair of chaps (leather pants) veco-aliv NComp inalien indiv: a pair of shorts (underwear for men)

aliv Stat sing [mult: aaliv]: to have a pair of pants

ex: Scuk aliv 'a. I have a pair of black pants. Scuk aaliv 'a. I have several pairs of black pants.

alivcud Vdtr sing (for mult see aalivcud) [Neutr: def alivc; hort alivcud]: to
make a pair of pants for somebody with obj ex: Nt o malivc. I'll make you a pair of pants (with it).

aliv vuaku NExpr: something used as a belt for one's pants aliv vuaku vu Stat Expr: to be something used as a belt for one's pants
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) alvij vuaku. That's what he uses as a belt for his pants.

amk- Vintr unit [Neutr: def am. Interr: amk-him]: to make a rustling noise (as
something moving through dry leaves) once or in a continuous way ex: Ha'as a(<va) am. The rustling noise stopped (it stopped rustling).

amke Vintr [Neutr: indef amke. Dur: amke-d. Interr: amke-him]: to make reiterated
rustling noises ex: Ha'icu amke. There is something that makes a reiterated rustling noise (it makes a rustling noise and stops and makes the noise again).

aaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-a'ig): to be full of trash in various locations
ex: Saaig 'an haki:k 'o'oidk. It's full of trash outside their houses.

aaliv see N aliv= a pair of pants aaliv see Stat aliv= to have a pair of pants aalivcud Vdtr mult (for sing see alivcud) [Neutr: def aalivc; hort aalivcud]: to
make a pair of pants for somebody with obj ex: Nt o maalivc. I'll make you several pairs of pants (with it).

aa N alien aggreg: blackbird, dwarf cowbird aaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-aaig): to be full of blackbirds in a
single location

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aav/ avinog aav Vintr [Neutr: def aav. Interr: aav-him]: to echo
ex: T o aav. It will echo. aavhim 'o. It is echoing.

aavku see N avku= gourd rattle aavk Stat: there is an echo somewhere
ex: No aavk 'ama'i? Is there an echo down there?

aavk N subst: name of a village, Sasabe (place where there is an echo) ada Vtr Repet (for Unit see a:d) [Neutr: indef ada. Dur: ada-d]: to make obj go
where one wants it to go repeatedly, to herd obj repeatedly ex: Pt o 'i haadad g haiva 'am vavhai vui! You will be taking the cows to the well repeatedly.

ada N inalien aggreg: that (such as a cow or a herd) which one repeatedly takes where
one wants it to go

ak Vtr Repet (for Unit see a:k) [Neutr: indef ak. Dur: aka-d]: to take a handful of
obj repeatedly

akaidcud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-akaidc; hort 'e-akaidcud]: to turn (oneself) into a
mirage ex: 'Eakaidc. He turned into a mirage.

akaidt Vintr [Neutr: def akaidt. Interr: akaidta-him]: to become a mirage

ex: akaidt 'atk. There is a mirage. akaidtahim 'o. A mirage is in the process of forming itself.

akaij N: mirage akud (redupl of *a:kud) Vreflex tr [Neutr: def and indef 'e-akud]: to pass handfuls
of obj to each other ex: 'Eakud g lu:lsi. They passed handfuls of candy to each other. 'Eakudahim g lu:lsi. They are passing handfuls of candy to each other.

aaliv see N aliv= a pair of pants aaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-aaig): to be full of blackbirds in
various locations

avinog see Stat s-avinog= to be of roan color

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av/ avku av Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef av; imper sgs ava-. Dur: ava-d]: to shake obj (as of
a gourd rattle) ex: T o avad g avku. He is going to be shaking the gourd rattle. av 'o g avku. He is shaking the gourd rattle.

avak Adj sg [pl: a'avak]: thick around

ex: Ge avak u 'o'odham. He is an unusually big (thick around) fellow. Nt o 'i ce:vim g ma:gina g avak vijinakaj. I'll tow the car with a thick rope.

avak Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef avak); pls: a'avak]: to be thick around
ex: Ha'as 'i a'avak g 'u'us c 'an ve:c. The logs are quite thick and they are lying there.

avaka Vintr sgs (for pls see a'avaka) [Neutr: def avaka. Interr: avaka-him]:
to become thick around

avakad Vtr sgo (for plo see a'avakad): to make obj become thick around avancud (dial: avanculid) Vdtr [Neutr: def avan/ avancul; hort
avancud/avanculid]: to look for obj (such as a horse that one has let loose) for somebody

avant Vtr [Neutr: def avant. Interr: avanta-him]: to look for obj (such as of a horse
that one has let loose) ex: avantahim 'a g nooiga. I was looking for my horses. Nt o 'i haavantahi g nooiga. I'll be looking for my horses (with interruptions).

avantame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see avantop) [Neutr: def avantam; hort
avantame]: to go and look for obj (such as of a horse that one has let loose)

avantop Vtr pls (for sgs see avantame) [Neutr: def avanto]: to go and look for
obj (such as of a horse that one has let loose)

avino N: a roan horse avinog s- Stat sgs [pls: s-avinog]: to be of roan color
ex: 'I:da'a kavyu savinog. This horse is a roan.

avku N inalien indiv [pl: aavku]: gourd rattle avku Stat sing: to have a gourd rattle

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avkucud/ a'akalk avkucud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def avkuc; hort avkucud]: to make a gourd rattle
for somebody out of obj

avkut Vtr sing: to make a gourd rattle out of obj avo (Span: sabn) N alien: soap
ex: Stotagig g avo. Soap is full of lather.

a'ak Adj sg: forked, crotched

ex: a'ak vonom= a hat with a crease in the middle of the crown (like a cowboy hat)

a'ak Stat reflex [sing (Neutr: def 'e-a'ak); mult: 'e-a'aa'ak]: to be forked, to form
a fork ex: 'U:s 'ea'ak. The tree is forked. Vo:g 'i 'i(<'e)a'ak. The road is forked.

a'algi N indiv: brace for carrying basket (a forked stick used to brace the carrying
basket and make it stand)

a'alk N indiv [pl: a'aa'alk]: mountain pass a'alk Stat sing: to have a pass (said of a mountain)
ex: No 'on(<'an) ge a'alk? Does it have a pass? 'Ab 'al a'alk 'aba'i. It has a kind of a pass.

a'aagid see Postp a:gid= between/ among obj a'aagig see N a:gig= ravine, gulch a'aagig s- Stat impers distr: to be full of gulches here and there a'aa'ak see Stat reflex 'e-a'ak= to be forked, to form a fork a'aa'ak s- Stat: to be full of forks, branches
ex: Hascu 'utp(<'atp) u 'u:s c ge sa'aa'ak. It was a tree and it had an unusual amount of branches.

a'aa'alk see N a'alk= mountain pass a'akak N alien aggreg: a variety of squash with ribs a'akal see Adv akal= sideways a'akalk see Stat akalk= to be side by side in one row

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a'akalva/ a'iga a'akalva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see akalva) [Neutr: def a'akalva. Interr:
a'akalvu-him]: to stagger sideways

a'avak see Adj avak= thick around a'avak see Stat avak= to be thick around a'avaka Vintr pls (for sgs see avaka) [Neutr: def a'avaka. Interr: a'avakahim]: to become thick around

a'avakad Vtr plo (for sgo see avakad): to make obj become thick around a'i N alien aggreg: hay, bale of hay
ex: Nt o vu: g a'i. I'll tie the hay into a bale. Nt o vu:p g a'i. I'll tie the hay into bales. G hu ha'o'olap g a'i. He is over there hooking bales of hay.

a'i N alien aggreg: trash

ex: 'Am 'ac 'iava g ta'iga. We empty our trash down there. M(<'am) 'at o ho(<ha)'iav g a'i. (I hear that) he is going to be a trash collector (empty trash for people).

a'ic see Vtr a'icud= to hang obj on to something a'icud Vtr sgo (for plo see a:a'icud) [Neutr: def a'ic; hort a'icud]: to hang obj on
to something, to put on obj (a ring or a bracelet) ex:.. gm hu a'ic gn hu 'u:gk. ..he hung it (the artificial moon) way up there (in the sky). ..'emo'o gam si 'elkonk 'in hu ab a'ic 'ekuo 'ana'i. ..he had scalped his own head and hung (the scalp) around his own neck. N(<'an) g hu a'icud! Hang it on there!

a'icudacud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def a'icudac; hort a'icudacud]: to put obj (such as a ring
or bracelet) around somebody's finger or arm ex: N(<'an) 'ant o ma'icudac. I'll put it on you (a ring around your finger, a bracelet around your arm). N(<'an) g na'icudacud! Put it on me!

a'icudc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see a:a'icudc) [Neutr: indef a'icudc. Dur:
a'icudci-d]: to have obj (such as a ring or a bracelet) on ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid g 'ailo 'on(<'an) hu a'icudc. I never wear a ring. 'Ailo 'ont(<'ant) 'an o a'icudcid. I'll be wearing a ring.

a'ig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-aaig): to be full of trash in one location
ex: Sa'ig 'am mki: 'am. It's full of trash in your house.

a'iga Stat: to have trash; to have hay

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a'iga/ a: a'iga s- Stat: to have a lot of trash, to have a lot of hay a'i-ki: NComp: grass house (sacred house) a'i-ki:t VComp tr: to make a grass house (sacred house) out of obj a'iva Vintr sgs [Neutr: def and hort a'iva]: to get caught, stuck (in/ on something)
ex: Cevag 'an gahi a'iva do'agt'an. The cloud got caught along the mountain ridge.

a'ivcud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def a'ivc; hort a'ivcud]: to get obj stuck (on to something)
ex: Hevel vi'ickva g 'e:kcudaku k gm hu a'ivc. The wind blew the umbrella away and got it stuck (on to something) over there.

a'i-vulim NComp alien indiv [sg (loc: a'i-vulim-c-'e, a'i-vulim-t-'ab); pl: a'ivu:pulim]: bale of hay ex: Hegam a'i-vu:pulim 'an o mo:to'i g tlo:gi mat 'i o mel! Load those bales of hay on the truck that will come here!

a:-

a:(-) Pr (interrogative): what, how? (see also has)

ex: a: 'o ce:gig? What is his name? a: 'o cecegig? What are their names? a:p ce:gig? What is your(sg) name? a: 'o 'e'a'aga 'O'odhamaj? How is it called in 'O'odham? a: 'o ma:s u 'o'odham? What kind of a man is he (what does he look like)? a: 'o ma:s 'ikus? What kind of a poncho has he? (what does his poncho look like)? a: 'o ma:s ceposig hega'i ha'iva? What kind of brand does that cow have? a:p ma:s ceposig? What kind of a brand do you have (what does your brand look like)? a: 'o (<vu) mju? /K has u mju? How is he related to you? a:p u ju:ij? How are you related to him? a: 'o kaij? What does he say? a:m 'evua? What do you(pl) usually do? a:pt 'eju:? What did you(sg) do? a:t 'eju: m(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape. It does not matter, it's fine. a:nt hu o 'i nju:? What am I going to do? a: 'o masma 'eku'a? How is it eaten? a:p masma hab vua? How do you(sg) do it? Pt 'oi 'am o 'a:g, a:nt masma hab o ju:? You tell me, how am I going to do it? a:pt masma hab o cei 'O'odhamaj? How will you say that in 'O'odham?

a: see Vtr a:k= to take a handful of obj

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a:cu/ a:ga a:cu Pr (interrogative) [instr: a:cu-kaj]: what? (see also hascu)
ex: a:cu 'u(<'o) (<vu) cihaig 'i:ya'a? What is the law here? a:cu 'u(<'o) 'ep? What else (is that all)? a:cu 'u(<'o) (<vu) hega'i? What is that? a:cu 'upt(<'apt) o hu:? What will you eat? a:cu 'up(<'ap) hab 'a:g? What do you mean? a:cu 'up(<'ap) seidam? What would you like to see? a:cu 'u(<'a) ge eid hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'i a(<va) mel? What could I have seen, I have just come back (either running or in a car). a:cu 'upt(<'apt) 'ab o 'i nnako? What could you do to me? (I don't think you'll be able to do anything to me) a:cukaj 'o 'om(<'am) ki:dag? What does he live on? a:cukaj 'ap ta:t g moho? With what do you(sg) split beargrass?

a:d Vtr Unit (for Repet see ada) [Neutr: def ai; hort a:d; imper sgs a:da-. Correl:
a:d-k; immed: a:d-ka-'i. Compl: a:d-ok; immed: a:d-oka-'i. Interr: a:da-him.]: to chase obj to where one wants to go, to herd obj ex: Nt o 'i haai g haiva k 'ep o jiva. I'll take the cows there and will come back. Gm 'at hu 'i haai g haiva vavhai vui. He took the cows to the well. 'I g haa:d 'am vavhai vui! Take them to the well! 'I 'a haa:dahimc ga hu o 'i'ic. I am taking them there (right now) to water them. Pt o a:dahid! Be making it go where you want it to go (your horse)! Nt o 'ip 'i haa:dok. I'll make them go there first (before doing anything else). Mat hema 'am o haa:dahid ha'icu, haiva 'o g kakavyu... When one herds something along, as cattle or horses ...

a:da N inalien aggreg: that (such as a cow or a herd) which one is in the process of
taking where one wants it to go ex: Na:da pi himk va:n hab a 'i ke:k. That which I am in the process of taking where I want it to go (a cow) refuses to walk and is standing way up there (on a hillock). Na:da pi hihimk va:n hab a 'i gegok. These which I am in the process of taking where I want them to go (cows) refuse to walk and are standing way up there.

a:dacug Vtr [Neutr: indef a:dacug. Dur: a:dacuga-d]: to be chasing obj to where one
wants it to go while moving (as a cowboy chasing a cow on horseback) ex: Haa:dacug 'o. He is chasing them. Pt o a:dacugad! Be chasing it there!

a: N alien aggreg [3rd pers sg a:=ga-j]: wild onion

ex: Nt o 'u'am g a:. I'll go and pick wild onions.

a:ag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wild onions in a single location a:ame Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def a:am; hort a:ame]: to go after wild onions
ex: Nt o a:am. I'll go after wild onions.

a:ga Stat: to have wild onions

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a:gam/ a:kimag a:gam N subst: a place where there are wild onions a:gid Postp [distr: a'aagid]: between, among, obj
ex: 'Am haa:gid him. He is walking between them. 'An haa:gid ke:k. It is standing between them (something between books on a shelf). ... 'am pilka haa:gid ... among the wheat Pi 'o (<vu) a 'i cemcu 'am haa:gid. He is not the smallest among them. B(<vab) 'i 'ea:gid va:ks g mo'oj. His hair is tangled up (inserted among itself). Haa'aagid vapkhim. He is making his way through the crowd (in the midst of them).

a:gig N indiv [pl: a:[a]gig; distr: a'aagig]: ravine, gulch made by running water (not
as big as 'ak)

a:gig Stat impers Unit: there is a ravine/ gulch somewhere

ex: ... c 'ab ge sju:kam a:gig. ... and unexpectedly there was a deep gulch there.

a:k- Vtr Unit (for Repet see ak) sgs (for pls see a:k) [Neutr: def a:; hort a:k;
imper sgs a:ki-/a:ka-. Correl: a:-k; immed: a:-ka-'i. Interr: a:k[i]-him]: to take a handful of obj in one's hand ex: Napt 'am ha'i a:? Did you take a handful of them?-- Pi 'int(<'ant) 'am hu ha'i a:. I did not take a handful of them. ... mapt 'am o a: 'i:da'a kaij. ... (I want you to) take a handful of the (its) seeds of this. ... mat 'am himk 'ab a: mo'oj da:m. ... he went there and took a handful of hair on top of his head. M g a:k! (Why don't you/sg) take a handful of it/them! Pi g 'an hu a:k! Don't take a handful of it/them! a:ka'ik him! Having taken a handful of it/them go!

a:ka'i see Vtr a:k-= to take a handful of obj a:kc semi Stat tr sgs (for pls see a:kc): to have a handful of obj in one's hand
ex: a:kc g kaij. He is holding a handful of the (its) seeds.

a:kcug Vtr sgs [Neutr: indef a:kcug]: to be carrying a handful of obj in one's hand
ex: 'U'adc 'a a:kcug. I am carrying a handful of it/them.

a:kim N inalien indiv [pl: a:kim]: hackamore (a rope or strap going around the nose
of a horse)

a:kim[a]d Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort a:kimad]: to put a hackamore on obj
ex: Pt o a:kimad! Put the hackamore on it!

a:kimag Stat sgs: to have a hackamore on

ex: Kavyu ge a:kimag. The horse has a hackamore on (unexpectedly).

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a:kimt/ a:mtaku a:kimt Vtr sing [Neutr: def and hort a:kimt]: to make a hackamore with obj
ex: Nt o hema a:kimt. I'll make a hackamore (with it).

a:ko see hasko a:kud/ a:kod Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort a:kud]: to pass a handful of obj to
somebody ex: Nt o ha'i ma:kud. I'll pass you a handful of them (sweets, cookies). a:kuda/ a:koda! Pass him a handful of it/them!

a:kum- Vtr sgs (for pls see a:kum-) [Interr: a:kuma-him. Dur: a:kuma-d]: to put
obj in the palm of one's hand ex: Ce'unc a:kumahim. As he picks them up one by one, he puts them in the palm of his hand. Ce'unk o a:kumahid! Pick them up one by one and put them in the palm of your hand! 'an ha'u'ihidc ab haa:kumadc ... As he (the eagle) kept catching them (the arrows) one by one, and just putting them in the palm of his hand ...

a:kumc semi Stat tr sgs [Neutr: indef a:kumc. Dur: a:kumci-d]: to have obj in the
palm of one's hand.

a:m see Vintr a:mu= to make a rustling noise a:m see VExpr intr pi a:mu= to become quiet a:mcud Vdtr [Neutr: def a:m; hort a:mcud]: to make bricks with obj for somebody a:mt N alien aggreg: bricks/ blocks used in constructing a house
ex: Nt o ha'i hanolot g a:mt. I'll buy some bricks. hodai-cu'i-a:mt NComp aggreg: cement block(s) hohodai-a:mt NComp aggreg: undressed stone, rubble jevu-a:mt NComp aggreg: adobe brick(s) s-bai-a:mt NComp aggreg: red brick(s)

a:mt Vtr [Neutr: def a:mt. Interr: a:mta-him]: to make bricks out of obj
ex: Nt o ha'i a:mt. I'll make some bricks. a:mtahim 'a. I am in the process of making bricks.

a:mta N inalien aggreg: bricks in the process of being made

ex: Vamhu 'ut(<'at) g na:mta. My bricks (in the process of being made) got soaked.

a:mtaku N: form used in making adobe bricks

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a:mud/ a:agid a:mud Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef a:mud. Interr: a:muda-him. Dur: a:muda-d]:
to shoo obj away or on; to cast off obj (a wife) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)a:mud g mumuval. I'll shoo the flies away. 'am hab haha 'i cum a:mud hega'i vu:lo. ..then they tried in vain to shoo that donkey onward. a:muda! Shoo it away! Ha-'an-a:mud g mumuval. I am shooing the flies away. Na:mud 'o. They don't want me anymore. Pt o a:mudahid! Keep shooing it on (with interruptions)! Na:mud 'at g Jons. Johnny repudiated me (does not want me any more)

a:mud Vtr sgs (for pls see a:mud) [Neutr: def, hort and indef a:mud. Correl:
a:mud-k; immed: a:mud-ka-'i. Compl: a:mud-ok; immed: a:mud-oka-'i. Dur: a:muda-d]: to shake obj (in order to remove something, such as dust, sand, from it) ex: 'E'ipu 'an 'i cum a:mud. She tried to shake her skirt. Gam g hu 'i a:mud jegk 'ea! Shake it (a tablecloth, a sheet) outside! Pt o 'i a:mudad g 'eli:va! Be shaking your coat (before you come in the house)!

a:mud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-a:mud) [Neutr: def hort and indef 'e-a:mud]: to
shake oneself (to remove something such as dust/ sand from one's clothes) ex: 'I 'i(<'e)a:mud, (<vu) 'ap ab 'i jevu! Shake yourself, you are full of dust!

a:mudaku in mumuval haa:mudaku NExpr: rag used to shoo away flies a:mudam N: a bush a:mudam Vo'o NExpr(?): a place name (Pond of the a:mudam bush) a:muddam N subst in NExpr: one(s) that continually shoo(s) something away
gogogs haa:muddam NExpr aggreg: one(s) shooing dogs away (at a feast) mumuval haa:muddam NExpr aggreg: one(s) shooing flies away (while other people are eating)

a:mu/ a:ma Vintr [Neutr: indef a:mu. Interr: a:mu-him. Dur: a:mui-d]: to
make a rustling noise ex: a:mu g 'u'us. Bushes make a rustling noise. a:muhim 'o. It/they are making a rustling noise (interrupted) pi a:mu VExpr intr [Neutr: indef pi a:mu. Dur: pi a:mui-d. Interr: pi a:muihim]: to be quiet ex: B(<vab) gm hu 'i pi a:mu. It is completely quiet. Pi g a:muid! Don't make any noise! M g ab 'i pi a:muid! Be quiet! M g o ob(<vab) 'i pi a:muid! Be quiet! B(<vab) gm hu 'i pi a:muihim. It was completely quiet.

a: see Vtr a:k= to take a handful of obj

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a:agid/ a:mud a:agid Vtr [Neutr: indef a:ag; hort a:agid]: to mix obj together a:agid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-a:ag]: to become mixed together
ex: Si 'itk(<'atk) 'ea:ag g mo'oj (g sto:takaj). His hair got grey (mixed with white hair).

a:[a]gig see N a:gig= ravine, gulch a:ag[] Stat reflex: to be mixed together (same as 'e-'iolags)
ex: 'E-'o-a:ag. They are mixed together. 'Ea:ag g s'u'am c sto:ta. The yellow and white ones are mixed together.

a:a'icud Vtr plo (for sgo see a'icud) [Neutr: def a:a'ic; hort a:a'icud]: to hang
obj on to something, to put on obj (bracelets or rings) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)a:a'ic g o:oba kc g 'a'ailo 'ep. I'll put on bracelets and rings too. N g hu a:a'icud! Hang them up (put them on)!

a:a'icudc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see a'icudc) [Neutr: indef a:a'icudc. Dur:
a:a'icudci-d]: to have obj (such as rings or bracelets) on ex: Mu'i 'in(<'an) haa:a'icudc. She is wearing lots of them (rings or bracelets). 'A'ailo 'ont(<'ant) 'an o a:a'icudcid. I'll be wearing rings.

a:k Vtr pls (for sgs see a:k-) [Neutr: def a:; hort a:k]: to take a handful of obj in
one's hand ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu a:k! Don't take a handful of it/them!

a:kc semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see a:kc): to have a handful of obj in one's hand a:kum- Vtr pls (for sgs see a:kum-) [Interr: a:kum-him. Dur: a:kuma-d]: to put
obj in the palm of one's hand

a:mud Vtr pls (for sgs see a:mud) [Neutr: def hort and indef a:mud. Dur:
a:muda-d]: to shake obj in order to remove something (such as dust, sand) from them ex: Mt o 'i haa:mudad g 'eliliva! Be shaking your coats (before you come in)!

a:mud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-a:mud) [Neutr: def hort and indef 'e-a:mud]: to
shake oneselves to remove something such as dust or sand from one's clothes ex: Mt o 'i 'i(<'e)a:mud, (<vu) 'am ab 'i jevu! Shake yourselves, you are full of dust!

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a:vai/ el a:vai (Span: sabado) N: Saturday

ex: Cum hekid tje:gid avai 'e. We have a meeting every Saturday. 'I 'o tcicvi ves a:vai. They play against us here every Saturday. ba'ic a:vai si'alim NExpr: next Saturday morning

a:vaidag in ha'icu a:vaidag NComp: stem of the flower of certain plants

hoi-a:vaidag NComp: stem of the flower of the Spanish bayonet plant takvui-a:vaidag NComp: stem of the flower of the yucca plant

a:vaidaj N inalien: stem of the flower of a specified plant (its stem) a:vai-vijina NComp(?): fiber rope eegai (dial: egoi/ egio) N alien aggreg or indiv [pl/distr: eegai]: creosote bush,
greasewood ex: Smu'ij g egai. The greasewood bushes are numerous (there).

egaic'ea N: name of a part of Santa Rosa (in-the-greasewood) egaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-eegaig): to be full of greasewood, creosote
bushes in one location

el see Vtr el[i]n= to straighten, press, obj el N inalien: permit, license

ex: 'U'ukc 'a g nel. I have (hold) my permit. Nam 'u:'ukc g 'eel? Do you(pl) have a permit? Pi 'egid g 'eel mas o vipia 'an 'O'odham-Jevu da:m. He does not have a permit to hunt on the 'O'odham Reservation. Milign pi 'egid g 'eel mas o bei g jevu 'an 'O'odham-Jevu da:m. A White man does not have a permit to get land on the 'O'odham Reservation.

el Adv [pl/distr: e'eel]: straight, vertically

ex: B(<vab) o si el hi:! Just walk straight ahead! 'Am cum el 'i hadad. He tried in vain to make them sit straight. --el ka:yag. There is a straight street. eleel cu:c. They are standing up (of cards in a filing box, as opposed to being standing sideways). e'eel 'o'ohoag. It has vertical stripes, lines (far apart). e'eel kakayag. There are straight streets.

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elid/ el[i]id elid Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef elid]: to put obj in the right direction, to give
pointers to obj, to advise obj as to what to do to get what one wants ex: Tp 'am hema hek hu 'i melid mapt has masma hab o 'o(<'e)ju:? Did someone advise you already as to how to do it? ..tp o a elid g 'oks. ..if the old woman tells him how to do it. T ab pi elid g 'oks. The old woman refused to (just did not) tell him how to do it. Cum hekid 'o nelid. He is my advisor (he always puts me in the right direction).

elig N alien indiv [pl: eelig]: prairie dog, roundtail ground squirrel elijid Vdtr [Neutr: def elij; indef elijid]: to straighten things out for obj
ex: Nt o a 'i melij. I'll straighten things out for you. Heg 'o 'om(<'am) haelijid. He is the one who straightens things out for people.

el[i]n Vtr sgo (for plo see e:el[i]n) [Neutr: def el; hort and indef elin; imper sgs
elna-, pls eln-o. Correl: elin-k; immed: elin-ka-'i. Compl: eln-ok; immed: eln-oka'i. Dur: elna-d. Interr: elna-him]: to straighten, press, iron, obj once; to rehearse (a song) once ex: Nt o 'i el g huk. I'll straighten the board. Nt o 'i el g 'ipu. I'll press my dress. B(<vab) 'i elnad! Keep on ironing it!

el[i]n Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-e:el[i]n) [Neutr: def 'e-el]: to straighten oneself,
to become straightened ex: T o 'i 'i(<'e)el g novij. His arm will straighten itself. T o a(<va) hejel 'i 'i(<'e)el. It will become straight by itself (without help).

el[i]n Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-el]: to be straightened out, put in the right direction
ex: 'I 'ipt(<'apt) 'i(<'e)el. Now (here) you are straightened out (you've been put in the right direction). Nt o 'om(<'am) a 'i nel. I am straightened out (have been put in the right direction). 'e-elinc daha VExpr reflex sgs: to sit with one leg straightened out (and one leg folded)

eli s- Adj sg [pl: s-e:eli; distr: s-e:k]: straight

ex: seli 'u:s= a straight stick se:eli 'u'us= straight sticks Se:k o kakkiok. They each will have straight legs.

eli s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-e:k) [sgs (Neutr: indef s-eli; def s-eli=k. Dur:
s-eli=ka-d. Interr s-eli=ka-him); pls: s-e:eli]: to be straight ex: a 'i seli g vo:g. The road is pretty straight.

el[i]id Vdtr sgo (for plo see e:eid) [Neutr: def eli; hort elid]: to straighten/
iron obj for somebody

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el[i]id/ eegaig
ex: Nt o 'i meli. I'll straighten /iron it for you(sg). Nt o 'i 'emeli. I'll straighten/ iron it for you(pl). 'I nelid! Straighten/ iron it for me!

eli Vtr sgo (for plo see e:) [Neutr: indef eli]: to straighten, press, iron, obj
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid 'i eli. I never iron it.

eli g e'i VExpr sgo (for plo see e: g e'ei): to rehearse a song elma Adv: almost
ex: elma 'o 'i ceajhim g ta. The sun is almost up. elma 'o jivhim. He has almost arrived.

elna (elis of *elina) N inalien [sg(3rd pers sg elna-j); pl: e:elna]: unfletched arrow elnaku (elis of *elinaku) N inalien indiv [pl: e:elnaku]: instrument with which
to straighten, level, something

elnas (elis of *elinas) Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef elnas); pls: e:enas (elis of
*e:elinas)]: to be straightened, ironed ex: Hek 'o hu elnas. It is already ironed. e:enas 'o. They are ironed.

elnat (elis of *elinat) Vtr: to make an unfletched arrow out of obj elim (elis of *eliim) Adv [pl: e:elim; distr: e'eelim]: straight, vertically (same
as el) ex: B(<'ab) g si elim eidad! Be looking straight at it! elim g iad heg'ea m'ab 'o'ohoag! You(sg) keep your eyes straight ahead on what is written over there! e:elim g o eiad heg'ea m'ab 'o'ohoag! You(pl) keep your eyes straight ahead on what is written over there (two people looking at the same sign)! e'eelim g o eiad heg'e'ea m'ab 'o''ohoag! You each keep your eyes on what is written over there (two people looking each one at a different sign)! Scuckam sto:tam e:elim 'o'ohoag. It has vertical black and white stripes (close together).

elim s- Adv [pl: s-e:elim; distr: s-e'eelim]: very straight, vertically

ex: Selim g him! Walk (holding yourself) straight! Se:elim g o hihim! Walk (holding yourselves) straight!

eegai see N egai= greasewood, creosote bush eegaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-egaig): to be full of creosote bushes/
greasewood in various locations

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eelig/ e:pijba eelig see N elig= prairie dog, roundtail ground squirrel eeligag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-eeligag): to be full of prairie dogs in
one location

eepij see N e:pij= younger sibling / cousin; great-great-grandparent eepij see Stat Expr vu e:pij=to be younger sibling/cousin; great-great-grandparent eepijim 'e- N: a pair of siblings / cousins; a pair including a great-great-grandparent
with his great-great-grandchild

ee'e see N e:'e= wolf ee'eg s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-e:'eg): to be full of wolves in various
locations ex: See'eg 'o 'ama`'i. There are lots of wolves (not together) down there.

eeligag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-eeligag): to be full of prairie dogs in
various locations

e'eel see Adv el= straight e'eelim see Adv elim= straight, vertically

e:-

e:pij N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg e:piji-j); pl: eepij]: younger sibling/ cousin;
great-great-grandparent (the reciprocal term is si:s)

e:pij vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu eepij]: to be somebody's younger sibling / cousin;
great-great-grand-parent ex: D(<vu) 'a e:pijij. I am his younger sibling (or cousin). 'A:cim u ab 'a'alc hekaj u eepijij.We are just children and therefore are his younger siblings ('I'itoi's).

e:pijba N inalien indiv [pl: eepijba]: deceased younger sibling or cousin; deceased
great-great-grandparent

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e:pijkam/ e:'e e:pijkam/ e:pijim N subst sing [mult: eepijkam/ eepijim]: one with a younger
sibling/ cousin; one with a great-great-grandparent

e: see Vtr e:el[i]n= to straighten obj e:c in 'e-e:c daha VExpr Unit sgs: to sit with both legs straightened out e:el[i]n Vtr plo (for sgo see el[i]n) [Neutr: def e:; hort and indef e:elin. Dur:
e:elna-d]: to straighten, to iron, obj once each; to rehearse (songs) once each ex: B(<'ab) o 'i hae: g hakakio. It will make their leg grow straight. Nt o 'i hae:. I'll straighten them. 'I hae:elin! Straighten them! Hae:elin g hakakio g 'a'al. It (a cradle board) straightens the legs of the babies.--Tt o ho(<ha)e: g e'ei. We'll rehearse the songs.

e:el[i]n Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-el[i]n) [Neutr: def 'e-e:]: to straighten oneself,
to become straightened ex: T o 'i 'i(<'e)e: g no:nhaij. His arms will straighten themselves.

e:eli see Adj s-eli= straight e:eli see Stat s-eli= to be straight e:elna see N elna= unfletched arrow e:elnaku see N elnaku= instrument with which to straighten, level something e:elim see Adv elim= straight, vertically e:enas see Stat elnas= to be straightened, ironed e:eid (elis of *e:eliid) Vdtr plo (for sgo see el[i]id) [Neutr: def e:e; hort
e:eid]: to straighten, iron obj for somebody ex: Nt o 'i me:e. I'll iron them for you(sg).

e:k see Adj s-eli= straight e:k s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-eli): to be straight e: (elis of *e:eli) Vtr plo (for sgo see eli) [Neutr: indef e:. Dur: e:a-d]: to
straighten, press, iron obj several times each; to rehearse sons several times each ex: Pi 'in(<'a) hekid 'i hae:. I never iron them.-- Pi 'o hekid hae: g 'ee'ei. They never rehearse their songs.

e:'e N alien indiv aggreg [pl/distr: ee'e]: wolf

ex: Smu'ij g e:'e 'ama'i. The wolves are numerous down there.

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e:'eg/ oi e:'eg s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-ee'eg): to be full of wolves in a single
location ex: Se:'eg 'o 'ama'i. There are lots of wolves (together) down there.

o-

oak (dial: uak) Vintr Unit (for Repet see oak) sgs (for pls see oa) [Neutr: def
oa; hort oak; imper oaki-; indef oak. Correl: oa-k; immed: oa-ka-'i. Dur: oaka-d. Interr: oak[i]-him]: to cry; to rattle; to moo; to bleat ex: 'am ab oak cuhug. It is said that he was crying in the night. Cum 'o hekid oak. He cries all the times. Haiva 'o 'om(<'am) oak. A cow is mooing down there. Pi g 'am oakad, t o totsko g mvu:pui! Don't be crying, your eyes are going to swell! Nap oakihim? Have you been crying? oakihim 'ok ck 'o:'og. She has been crying and she has tears (in her eyes). T 'ep o 'i oakhi. He is going to start crying (cry and stop) again! T o oa g 'ali. The child is going to cry. oa 'at g 'ali. The child cried. Pi g 'am oak! Don't cry! ... 'am si oak 'am a(<va) 'u:pam 'ep me:. ... having cried hard, he ran back (to where he came from).

oa (dial: ui) Vintr pls (for sgs see oak) [Neutr: def oa; indef oa. Correl: oak; immed: oa-ka-'i. Dur: oai-d. Interr: oa[i]-him]: to cry; to rattle, to moo; to bleat; to rumble (of intestines) ex: Ha'i ab kia doda c 'am hi a(<va) 'i oa. A few are still alive and they cry. oa 'o. They cry all the time. Hihij 'o oa. His intestines are rumbling. Haiva 'o 'om(<'am) oa. Cows are mooing down there. Nam oaihim? Have you(pl) been crying? Pi g o 'om(<'am) oaid! Don't be crying! 'A'al 'at o oa. The children are going to cry. oaio! Go ahead and cry! oak 'i vo:p. Having cried, they ran away.

obbi (dial: obbia/ obba) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg obbia-j); pl:
oobbi]: doll ex: Dahivup 'o g nobbi. My doll sits down.

obbi vu Stat sgs: to be a doll, somebody's doll obbi Stat sing [mult: oobbi]: to have a doll
ex: No ge obbi? Does she have a doll?

oi (elis of *oai) Vintr sgs (for pls see ooi) [Neutr: def oi. Interr: oihim]: to become soft, flabby ex: 'I:da'a milo 'atk oi. This melon has become soft.

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oid/ omai oid (elis of *oaid) Vtr sgo (for plo see ooid) [Neutr: def and hort oid]:
to make obj get soft, flabby

oo (assim of *oa) s- Adj sg [pl: s-oa]: soft, flabby (as of a tire, a fruit) oo (assim of *oa) s- Stat sgs [pls: s-o[o]a]: to be soft, flabby oiga N inalien indiv [pl: ooiga; distr: ooiga]: pet; horse; domesticated animal
gogs oiga N Expr [sg(1st pers sg gogs n-oiga); pl (1st pers sg gogogs n-ooiga): pet dog ko:ji oiga NExpr [sg(1st pers sg ko:ji n-oiga): domesticated pig

oiga Stat sing [mult: ooiga; distr: ooiga]: to have a pet, a horse, a domesticated
animal ex: ia tp 'am hab ooiga hegam. Well, thus, they have them as pets (the birds). Vesij pi ha ooigakc vab 'eta:tadaj hihim. None of them having horses they just go on foot. He'ekia 'ap 'i ooiga? How many horses do you(sg) have? Hehe'ekia 'am 'i ooiga? How many horses does each of you have?

oigakam N subst sing [mult: ooigakam]: one having an animal as a pet, a

domesticated animal ex: vu:lo oigakam= one having a pet donkey

oigakc Adv: on horseback (same as kavyu ceadc)

ex: 'An 'o hema him ge oigakc. There is someone (unexpectedly) going by on horseback Napt 'am o hi: oigakc? Will you go there on horseback? ... 'am 'i me: ba'ic ge oigakc. ... he ran ahead of him on horseback.

oigakc V subst: to go (somewhere) on horseback

ex: Napt o ge oigakc 'o napt ab o hi:? Will you go on horseback or will you just walk?

oigakc Postp [distr: ooigakc]: on the back of obj

ex: vu:lo oigakc= on donkey back mu:la oigakc= on a mule vuplo ooigakc= each one on donkey back

oigat Vtr sgo (for plo see ooigat) [Neutr: def oigat]: to make obj into a pet, a
domesticated animal ex: Nt o oigat hega'i mi:tol. I'll make that cat into my pet.

omai see Vintr omaig= to get a cold

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omaig/ on omaig (dial: omig) Vintr sgs (for pls see oomaig) [Neutr: def omai; hort omaig.
Interr: omaig-him]: to get cold; to get a cold ex: Napt omai? Do you feel cold /do you have a cold? omai 'ant. I feel cold /I have a cold. Pi g 'am omaig! Don't get cold/don't catch a cold! omaighim 'a. I am getting to feel cold /I am catching a cold.

omaigam N subst sg [pl: oomaigam]: one with a cold omaigam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu oomaigam]: to be one with a cold
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) omaigam. He is one with a cold. Hegam 'o (<vu) oomaigam. They are ones with colds.

omaigcud (dial: omigcud) Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see oomaigcud) [Neutr: def
omaigc; indef omaigcud. Correl: omaigcud-k; immed: omaigcud-ka-'i]: to make obj catch cold ex: Nomaigc 'atk. I've got a cold. Nat momaigc? Do you(sg) have a cold /did you catch a cold Tk o nomaigc. I am going to catch a cold. Nomaigcud 'o. I catch a cold (easily, usually). Nomaigcudahim 'o. I am in the process of catching a cold. Nomaigcudk 'i'ihogcud. Having caught a cold I am coughing. Tk o nomaigcudk ab 'i ge bisckcud. I must have caught a cold that I sneeze so much.

omaigig N inalien: a cold on N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ona-j, ona-); pl: o:on]: beginning of something;
lower end, base, foot; spring of water ex: Tp g hu hikc ona 'ama'i, g hu u:dagc'ea. He cut it (the reed) at its lower end below the water. Cuk-on NComp [loc: Cuk-on-t-'amje]: Tucson (Black Base) ki: on NExpr indiv: foundation of a house kui on NExpr indiv [sg (loc: kui on 'ab); pl: kukui hao:on]: lower part of a tree, tree stump ex: Gogs 'atk 'evul 'ab kui on 'ab. The dog got himself tied around the tree stump. 'ak on NExpr indiv [sg (loc: 'ak on 'an); pl: 'ak o:on; loc: 'ak o:on 'an]: bank of a wash 'ak on NExpr indiv [pl: 'a'ak ha-o:on]: beginning of a wash 'u:s on NExpr indiv [sg( loc: 'u:s on 'ab); pl: 'u'us hao:on]: lower part of a tree, bush, stump

on Stat sgs [pls: o:on]: to have a beginning, lower part, starting point, base
ex: 'Ea 'an a(<va) 'i mia on g do'ag. Meanwhile, the foot of the mountain was quite close. Tp 'ab he'esko 'i on hega'i vav. Some distance away was the foot of that cliff. / onag/ oncud

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onag Stat impers Unit: there is a spring (somewhere)

ex: No 'ob(<'ab) onag? Is there a spring up there?

onc see Vtr onck= to cut obj by striking it a blow onc see Vtr oncud= to start obj oncek Vtr [Neutr: indef oncek]: to cut obj by striking it several blows
ex: G 'o hu oncek g kui. He is over there chopping down the tree. Pi 'i(<'a) hekid oncek g cucul kusvo. I never chop off the head /neck of a chicken.

onck Vtr [Neutr: def onc; hort onck; imper sgs oncka-]: to cut obj by striking it
one blow ex: Pt o onc! Chop it off (the head of a chicken)! Pt o onc hega'i kui m'am ke:k! Chop down that tree that is standing there! ... 'in haha 'ep onc 'in vo:ka 'an. ... then he also chopped him through the middle (on his stomach). B(<'ab) 'ant o ho(<ha) onc. I'll chop a piece off it! N(<'an) g ha onck! Chop a piece off it!

oncka N inalien[1st pers sg: 'u:s n-oncka] : something in the process of being cut by
striking it a blow

onckid Vdtr [Neutr: def onck; hort onckid]: to cut obj for somebody (by striking it)
ex: B(<'ab) g 'i ha nonckid! Chop off a piece of it for me!

onck see Vtr onck= to cut obj by striking it a blow onck see vdtr onckid= to cut obj for somebody by striking it a blow onck N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg onck-j); pl/distr: oonck]: war club onckva Vtr Unit (for Repet see onckvup) [Neutr: def and hort onckva]: to knock
obj down by striking it a blow ex: Nt o si monckva. I'll knock you down. 'I 'amtk onckva g 'o'odham. The man got knocked down (evidential). ... gm hu onckva. ... she flipped it off (hearsay). Pi g 'am nonckva! Don't knock me down!

onckvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see onckva) [Neutr: indef onckvup Dur: onckvupad]: to knock obj down by striking it a blow repeatedly ex: Cum 'o hekid nonckvup. He knocks me down every time.

oncud Vtr sgs (for pls see o:oncud) [Neutr: def onc; hort onkud]: to begin/start
obj (same as onvcud) ex: 'Am 'i onc g 'eki:ta. He has started building his house. ... 'am hab onc g e'i. ... she started the song that way.

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ondal/ ont[a]d ondal (Span: soldado) N alien indiv [pl: oondal]: soldier ondal vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu oondal]: to be a soldier
ex: Naptp hebi(<heba'i) u 'i ondal? Were you ever a soldier?

ongam N indiv [pl: o:ongam]: spring of water onjig N in ki:-onjig NComp(?): reinforcement of dirt at the base of the walls of a
house.

onju see Vtr onjun= to pound obj (a stake, a peg) in the ground onjun Vtr sgo (for plo see oonjun) [Neutr: def onju; hort onjun]: to pound obj (a
stake, a peg) in the ground ex: M 'ant o a(<va) onju g 'u:s. I'll pound the stake in there. M g onjun g 'u:s! Pound the stake in there!

-onjun N in 'u:s-onjun NComp indiv [sg (loc: 'u:s-onjun-t-'ab); pl: 'u'us-oonjun]:

post, stake, peg pounded in the ground ex: Gogs 'atk 'evul 'ab 'u:s-onjunt'ab. The dog got himself (his leash) tied around the post.

onju see Vdtr onjuid= to pound obj (a stake, a peg) in the ground for somebody onjuid Vdtr sgo (for plo see oonjuid) [Neutr: def onju; hort onjuid]: to
pound obj (a stake, a peg) in the ground for somebody (as when putting markers for a fence or pegs to stretch a hide) ex: B(<hab) 'o 'a:g mat 'i hema o onju g 'u:s 'i:ya'a. He told me to pound a stake (for him) here.

onk in g hu 'i onk 'amje Adv Expr: since, from the very beginning
ex: G hu 'i onk 'amje c 'am ' i hugk 'ama'i= from beginning to end

ont Vintr sgs: to start (same as onva) ont[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ontad. Interr: ontda-him]: to accumulate obj at the
foot/ base of something ex: ontdahim g tanhaidag 'u'us o:on 'ab. It (the wind) is accumulating twigs at the foot of the trees.

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ontpag/ onvcud ontpag Vtr [Neutr: def ontpa; hort and indef ontpag; concurs ontpag-c. Dur:
ontpaga-d]: to pound obj with something (such as a stone held in the hand or with the hand); to knock at the door ex: Nt o ontpa g hua. I'll pound on my basket (when making a new basket, to flatten the weave). B(<'ab) g 'ep ontpag! Knock again (at the door)! G ha'i 'i ontpag g ku'ag! Chop some firewood (in very small pieces as kindling wood)! B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) si 'i vapke pi 'ab hu ontpagc g pualt. He keeps coming right in without knocking at the door. B(<'ab) 'apt ab o 'i vapkedc pi 'ab hu o ge ontpagad g pualt! Just come in without knocking at the door (every time you come). a ontpag VExpr tr [Neutr: indef a ontpag. Dur: a ontpaga-d]: to pat obj ex: Pt o a ontpagad! Be patting him!

onts see Vdtr ontsid= to chop obj (firewood) into small pieces for somebody ontsid Vdtr [Neutr: def onts/ ontsid; hort and indef ontsid]: to chop obj (firewood)
into small and regular pieces for somebody ex: Heg 'o 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'al ha'i nontsid g ku'ag. He is the one who chops me some firewood (without my having to ask him). Nt o ha'i monts/montsid g ku'ag. I'll chop you some firewood. G ha'i nonsid g ku'ag! Chop me some firewood!

ont Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef ont. Dur: onta-d]: to chop obj (firewood) into
small and regular pieces ex: Nt o ont g ku'ag. I'll chop the firewood into small pieces. G ha'i ont g ku'ag! Chop some firewood! 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'ok ont g ku'ag. This man is (evidential) chopping the firewood into small pieces. M g ab 'i ontad! Keep on chopping it (the firewood) into small pieces!

ont[a]dam in ku'ag-ontdam NComp(?) a wood chopper (one whose job is to

chop firewood into small and regular pieces)

ont[a]ag s- Stat tr: to be good at chopping firewood

ex: a 'ap a(<va) ' i sontag g ku'ag. You're quite good at chopping firewood

ontas Stat: to be chopped into small and equal pieces (said of firewood)
ex: Nt o ha'i hanolot g ku'ag mo hek hu ontas. I'll buy firewood already chopped.

onva Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see o:onva) [Neutr: def and hort onva]: to start
ex: T hekid o 'i onva g vepegi? When does the movie start?

onvcud Vtr sgs (for pls see o:onvcud) [Neutr: def onvc; hort onvcud]: to
begin, to start obj (same as oncud) ex: Nt o 'i onvc g je:gida. I'll start the story. B(<hab) 'at ce'iok 'am onvc g 'ee'ei. Having said that, he started one of his songs. M g 'i onvcud! Start it!

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ogivul/ oiak ogivul N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: ogivuli-j); pl/distr: oogivul]: kickball
ex: Tp 'amje vo:p vuihimk g 'eoogivul. From there they ran each one kicking his kickball.

ogivul Stat sing [mult: oogivul]: to have a kick-ball ogivulcud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def ogivulc; hort ogivulcud]: to make a kickball out
of obj for somebody

ogivult Vtr sing: to make a kickball out of obj ohi see Vtr ohin= to hit obj ohi seeVreflex 'e-ohin= to get hit ohin Vtr [Neutr: def ohi; hort and indef ohin. Interr: ohina-him] to hit obj once
(either with the hand, fist, or an object held in the hand, such as a hammer) ex: Si nohi g 'enovkaj. He hit me hard with his fist. N(<'an) g si ohin! Give it a hard blow (to a nail with a hammer)! Pi g 'ab hu nohin! Don't hit me (with your fist)!-- Heg 'at o 'i haohinahi. He is the one who hit people one after the other. a ohin VExpr tr [Neutr: def a ohi]: to hit obj playfully once (as of a playful slap on the back or dig in the ribs) ex: a nohi. He hit me playfully (he gave me a dig in the ribs).

ohin Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ohi]: to get hit once (either with hand, fist or an object
held in the hand) ex: ... hega'i mat 'am hekaj o 'eohi g ginsku. ... that (the stone) with which the gins tubes is (will be) hit.

ohinaku N inalien indiv [pl: oohinaku]: hammer ohi Vtr [Neutr: indef ohi]: to hit obj several times (either with hand, fist, or object
held in hand), to pummel obj ex: Nohi. He gives me several blows. a ohi VExpr tr [Neutr: indef a ohi]: to hit obj playfully several times (as of a playful slap on the back or a dig in the ribs) ex: Na:nkogidc 'ab a ohi. He (always) teases him and hits him playfully (gives him a dig in the ribs).

oia see Vtr oiak= to cut obj by striking it a blow, to chop obj into long pieces oiak Vtr [Neutr: def oia; hort oiak; indef oiak; imper sgs oiaka-]: to cut obj
by striking it a blow, to chop obj into long pieces

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oiak/ o[]kka
ex: 'Ehu:ga 'o oiak. He is cutting down his corn (stalks). Ka:u oiak. He is cutting down the sugar cane (stalks). Kui 'o oiak. He is cutting the mesquite into posts. Pt o ho(<ha)oia hegam kukui m'am cu:c! Chop down those trees that are standing there! Nt o oia g 'u'us. I'll cut posts. Himk ha'i oiak g 'u'us. Go and cut a few posts!

oiaka N inalien aggreg: something in the process of being chopped into long pieces
'u'us oiaka [1rst pers sg: 'u'us n-oiak]: posts in the process of being chopped (for a fence or a ramada)

oiakame Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def oiakam; hort oiakame]: to go and chop obj
into long pieces (such as posts for a fence or a ramada) ex: M(<'am) 'at hu oiakam. He went to cut posts.

oiakdam N subst: one whose job is to chop something into long pieces (such as
posts for a fence or ramada) 'u'us oiakdam: one whose job is to chop posts

oiakag s- Stat sgs: to be good at chopping something into long pieces (such as posts
for a fence or a ramada) ex: Soiakag 'o. He is good at chopping posts.

oiakid Vdtr [Neutr: def oiak; hort oiakid]: to chop obj into long pieces for
somebody ex: Nt o ha'i moiak g 'u'us. I'll chop you a few posts. G ha'i noiakid g 'u'us! Chop me a few posts!

oiak see Vtr oiak= to cut obj by striking it a blow, to chop obj into long pieces oiak see Vdtr oiakid= to chop obj into long pieces for somebody o[]kka Vtr [Neutr: def okka; hort and indef okka. Dur: okkaa-d. Interr:
okkaa-him]: to pummel, box,obj ex: Si nokka. He pummeled me. T o noikka. He'll box me. T o nokkaad. He is going to pummel me continually. Pi g 'am okkaad! Don't pummel him continually! ha-o[]kka V: to box, have a box match T o ho(<ha)okka si'alim. He is going to box (have a boxing match) tomorrow. 'Id 'o pi 'ap haokka. He does not box well.

o[]kka Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-okka]: to pummel each other, to box against each
other ex: T o 'o(<'e)okka. I hear they are going to box against each other (have a boxing match).

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o[]kkaa/ oua o[]kkaa N inalien: boxing

ex: 'Id 'o pi ma:c g okkaa. He does not know how to box.

o[]kkadam s-cu N subst aggreg: boxer (same as ha-okkadam) o[]kkadam ha- N subst aggreg: boxer (same as s-cu-okkadam) o[]kpig Vtr [Neutr: def okp; hort okpig]: to remove a piece of obj by hitting it
with a stone (as when chipping a metate to make it rough or threshing wheat ) ex: Nt o okp g pilka k o 'elp. I'll remove the chaff of the wheat and then I'll remove the peeling (on the grains).

okp see Vtr okpig= to remove a piece of obj by hitting it with a stone o[]kumi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def okumi'o; hort okumi'ok; imper sgs okumi'oka]: to chop obj into small and equal pieces with a knife or sickle ex: Nt o okumi'o g 'u:s. I'll cut the stick into small equal pieces.

o[]kumi'oka N inalien aggreg: something in the process of being chopped into

small and equal pieces 'u'us okumi'oka [1rst pers sg: 'u'us n-okumi'oka]: NExpr: sticks being cut into small and equal pieces

omu see Vtr omun= to crush obj omun Vtr [Neutr: def omun; hort onum; imper sgs omuna-]: to crush obj into
rough pieces (like corn for small chickens or stones for road building)

omuna N inalien aggreg: something in the process of being crushed

hohodai omuna NExpr inalien aggreg: stones in the process of being crushed hu: omuna NExpr inalien aggreg: corn in the process of being crushed

ou see Vtr oun= to crack obj with one blow ou Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ou]: to crack obj (such as a hard nut or a stone)
with a single blow ex: Nt o ou g hodai. I'll break the stone.

oua Vtr [Neutr: indef oua): to crack obj (such as a hard nut or stone) with
reiterated blows ex: Cum 'o oua. He keeps trying in vain to crack it (a nut).

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oun/ opo oun Vtr [Neutr: def ou; hort oun]: to crack obj (such as a nut) with one blow
ex: Pt o ou! (you will) crack it (a nut)! ouna! Crack it (a nut)!

ou Vtr [Neutr: def ou; hort and indef ou. Dur: oua-d]: to crack obj
with several blows ex: Pt o ho(<ha) ou! (you will) crack them (the nuts)! 'I 'a hi a(<va) da, c g walnuts haou. I am sitting here cracking walnuts.

ova Vtr Unit [Neutr: def, hort and indef ova. Dur: ova-d]: to pound obj into
powder (same as ovi and ovin) ex: Hek 'ant hu ova g vihog. I have already pounded the mesquite beans into powder. ova 'a g vihog. I am pounding mesquite beans into powder.

ovadam N subst: one whose job it is to pound something into powder ovadam vu Stat Expr: to be one whose job it is to pound something into powder
ex: Hek 'ant hu vu cum ovadam g vihog. It used to be my job to pound the mesquite beans into powder.

ovi Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef ovi]: to pound obj into powder (same as ova
and ovin)

ovi see Vtr ovin= to pound obj into powder ovi see Vdtr ovid= to pound obj into powder for somebody ovid Vtr [Neutr: def ovi; hort ovid]: to pound obj into powder for somebody
ex: M 'ant o a (<va) ha'i movi g vihog. I'll pound you some mesquite beans. G ha'i novid g vihog! Pound me some mesquite beans!

oviku N indiv [pl: ooviku]: instrument (such as a stone) used for pounding into
powder hodai-oviku NComp(?): stone pulverizer

ovin Vtr [Neutr: def ovi; hort and indef ovin; imper sgs ovina-. Correl:
ovin-k; immed: ovin-ka-'i]: to pound obj into powder (same as ovi and ova)

ovina N inalien mass: something in the process of being pounded into powder
vihog ovina NExpr [1st pers sg vihog n-ovina]: mesquite beans in the process of being pounding into powder

opo Adv sg [pl: o'opo]: short in height

ex: Nt o opo hab ju:. I'll shorten it (make it short).

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opok/ oa opok Adj sg [pl: o'opok]: short in height

ex: opok 'u:s= a short tree

opok Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef opok); pls: o'opok]: to be short (in height)
ex: 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'al opok. This fellow is kind of short.

opol Adv sg [pl: o'opol]: short in length

ex: opol hab o ju:! Shorten it (make it short)!

opolk Adj sg [pl: o'opolk]: short in length opolk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef opolk); pls: o'opolk]: to be short in length opolka Vintr sgs (for pls see o'opolka) [Neutr: def opolka. Interr: opolka-him]:
to become short in length ex: opolka g ta. The day is has gotten shorter. Hemu 'ut(<'at) o opolka g ta. Soon the day will be shorter. 'I 'o 'i opolkahim. It's getting shorter.

opolkad Vtr sgo (for plo see o'opolkad) [Neutr: def and hort opolkad]: to shorten
obj (same as opolkaid) ex: Nt o 'i opolkad 'i:da'a vigina. I'll shorten this rope. M g 'i opolkad 'i:da'a vijina! (Why don't you) shorten this rope!

opolkaid Vtr sgo (for plo see o'opolkaid) [Neutr: def opolkai; hort opolkaid]: to
shorten obj (same as opolkad) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant 'i opolkai. I shortened it. M g 'i opolkaid! (Why don't you) shorten it!

opolkajid Vdtr sgo (for plo see o'opolkajid) [Neutr: def opolkaj; hort
opolkajid]: to shorten obj for somebody

oa see Vintr oak= to cry oa see Vintr oa = to cry oa N inalien mass: nasal mucus, nose phlegm
ex: B(<vab) me g noa. I have a runny nose (my nasal mucus is just running). cuku-oa NComp aggreg: date palm tree; date (owl snot) ex: Cuku-oat'ab 'o da. He is sitting on a date palm tree (a bird). Nap sna:k g cuku-oa. Do you like dates? sgak oa NExpr inalien aggreg (?): dry nasal mucus, snot svaag oa NExpr inalien mass: wet nasal mucus

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oa/ ooigakc oa Stat: to have nasal mucus, a runny nose

ex: Nap sma:c g 'o'odham mo oa? Do you know the fellow who has a runny nose?

oa s- Stat: to have a lot of nasal mucus

ex: a 'i soa. He has quite a lot of nasal mucus.

oakam N subst: one with nasal mucus

sgak oakam N Expr: one with dry nasal mucus (snot) svaag oakam NExpr: one with wet nasal mucus

oakam s- N subst: one with a lot of nasal mucus oaka'i see Vintr oak= to cry oa see Adj s-oo= soft oa see Stat s-oo= to be soft, flabby okodag N inalien [3rd pers sg: okoda-j]: sinus (place producing nasal mucus)
ex: Sko'ok g nokodag. My sinus hurts.

oobbi see N obbi= doll oobbi see Stat obbi= to have a doll ooi (elis of *ooai) Vintr pls (for sgs see oi) [Neutr: def ooi. Interr:
ooi-him]: to become soft, flabby ex: ooi 'atk g ma:gina-u:k. The tires are flat (have become soft).

ooid (elis of *ooaid) Vtr plo (for sgo see oid): to make obj become soft,
flabby

ooiga see N oiga= pet; horse ooiga see Stat oiga= to have a pet, a horse ooiga s- Stat: to have lots of pets, horses, domesticated animals ooigakam see N subst oigakam= one having an animal as a pet ooigakam s- N subst: one having lots of animals as pets ooigakc see Postp oigakc= on the back of obj

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ooigat/ oo'ovag ooigat Vtr plo (for sgo see oigat): to make obj into a pet, a domesticated animal
ex: ia c gm hu hub(<hab) haha haooigat. Well, and from there on, they made them (the birds) into their pets.

oomaig (dial oomig) Vintr pls (for sgs see omaig) [Neutr: oomai; hort
oomaig. Interr: oomaig-him]: to get cold, to get a cold ex: oomai 'at. They've caught a cold. oomaighim 'o. They are catching a cold.

oomaigam see N subst omaigam= one with a cold oomaigcud (dial oomigcud) Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see omaigcud) [Neutr: def
oomaigc]: to make obj catch cold ex: Toomaigc ['atk]. We've got a cold (it made us catch cold).

oonck see N onck= war club oondal see N ondal= soldier oondal see Stat Expr vu ondal= to be a soldier oonjun see NComp 'u:s-onjun= post, stake, peg oonjun Vtr plo (for sgo see onjun) [Neutr: def oonju; hort oonjun]: to pound
obj (stakes, pegs) in the ground

oonjuid Vdtr plo (for sgo see onjuid) [Neutr: def oojun; hort: oonjuid]: to
pound obj in the ground for somebody (as when putting markers for a fence or pegs to stretch a hide) ex: He'ekia 'i 'u'us 'apt 'am o ho(<ha)oonju? How many stakes did he tell you to pound in (for him)? M g noonjuid hegam 'u'us! (Could you) pound in those stakes for me!

oogivul see N ogivul= kickball oogivul see Stat ogivul= to have a kickball oohinaku see N ohinaku= hammer ooviku see N oviku= instrument used for pounding oo'o see N o:'o= grasshopper oo'og s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-o:'og): to be full of grasshoppers in
various locations

oo'ovag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-o'ovag): to be full of gophers, or bull
snakes in various locations

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oak/ o'igkam oak Vintr Repet (for Unit see oak) sgs [Neutr: indef oak]: to cry repeatedly ooiga see N oiga= pet; horse ooiga see Stat oiga= to have a pet, horse ovick N indiv [pl: o'oovick]: gorge, canyon ovick Adj sg [pl: o'oovick]: narrowly cut
ex: o'oovick vu:puikam= one with slanted (narrowly cut) eyes

ovick Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef ovick); pls: o'oovick]: to be narrowly cut (as of a wash,
also of a piece of land)

ovickag Stat impers sing: there is a gorge, a canyon (somewhere) o'ig Adv: miserable, sad, poor
ex: o'ig 'ap ma:s cum hekid. You look sad all the time. o'ig 'an nta:tk. I feel sad. o'ig ta:hadam hab nju:kc. I am experiencing sad feelings.

o'ig Stat: to be sad, miserable, poor, to have sorrow

ex: o'ig 'o, pi 'o ho(<ha) lialga. He is poor, he does not have any money. o'ig 'o hegam. They are poor (miserable, sad).

o'igcud Vtr sgo: to make obj suffer, to torment obj, to give sorrow to obj
ex: ... k hab kaij mo g 'a'al cum hekid o'igcud. ... and he said that the children torment him constantly.

o'igcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-o'igc; hort and indef 'e-o'igcud. Dur: 'e-o'igcudad. Interr: 'e-o'igcudahim]: to get poor, to torment oneself ex: Ns hab mu'i vo no'igcudad? Why should I torment myself as much as that? No'igcudahim 'a. I am getting poor.

o'igdag N inalien [1st pers sg n-o'igdag; 3rd pers sg o'igda-j]: sadness, sorrow,
poverty

o'igdag-ta NComp indiv [sg (loc: o'igdag-ta-c-'e); pl: o'igdag-tat]: Lent

ex: o'igdag-tat 'oidam= during (the days of) Lent

o'igkam N subst aggreg: one with sorrow, a poor one

ex: Hegam o'igkam g Jio-cihaig 'at o ho(<ha)taog. To the poor, God's law will be explained.

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o'igkam/ o'opolkaid o'igkam vu Stat Expr: to be a poor one

ex: D(<vu) 'o o'igkam, hega'i. He is a poor one, that fellow.

o'igkamcud Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-o'igkamcud. Dur: 'e o'igkamcuda-d]: to act like
a poor one, one with sorrow ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)o'igkamcudad! Be acting as if you were poor (one with sorrow)!

o'ig 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to be taken advantage of

ex: Map 'a:pi'i o'ig 'evua. You are being taken advantage of o'ig 'evuadc mu'i cikpan. He is being taken advantage of at work.

o'og N inalien aggreg: egg(s) of louse, mites o'og Stat: to have mites o'og s- Stat: to have a lot of mites
ex: No so'og? Does he have a lot of mites?

o'opig Vtr [Neutr: def o'ogp; hort o'ogpig]: to remove the mites off obj's hair
ex: Nt o mo'ogp. I will remove the mites (off your hair).

o'oovick see N ovick= gorge, canyon o'oovick see Adj ovick= narrowly cut o'oovick see Stat ovick= to be narrowly cut o'oovickag s- Stat: to be full of gorges, canyons o'opo see Adv opo= short in height o'opok see Adj opok= short in height o'opok see Stat opok= to be short in height o'opol see Adv opol= short in length o'opolk see Adj opolk= short in length o'opolk see Stat opolk= to be short in length o'opolka Vintr pls (for sgs see opolka): to become short in length o'opolkad
Vtr plo (for sgs see opolkad): to shorten obj (same as o'opolkaid) o'opolkaid Vtr plo (for sgo see opolkaid) [Neutr: def o'opolkai; hort o'opolkaid): to shorten obj (same as o'opolkad) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant 'i hao'opolkai. I shortened them.

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o'opolkajid/ o:ma o'opolkajid Vdtr plo (for sgo see opolkajid) [Neutr: def o'opolkaj]: to shorten
obj for somebody

o'ova N aggreg: gopher snake, bull snake

ex: Smu'ij g o'ova 'ama'i. The gopher snakes are numerous down there.

o'ovag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-oo'ovag): to be full of gopher snakes in
a single location

o:-

o: see Vtr o:m= to sew a seam on obj o:bid Vtr [Neutr: def o:b; hort and indef o:bid. Dur: o:bida-d. Interr: o:bida-him]:
to stop, prevent obj from doing something ex: Tp hems heg 'an o a(<va) a hao:b. Maybe that will stop them (from following them) for a while. M g o:bid! Stop it! (a cow from getting into a garden) o:bidahim 'a. I have been trying to stop him (from doing it).

o:bid in ha'icu o:bid VExpr: to admonish obj, to advise obj to avoid doing certain
things ex: 'Am a(<va) pi kaiha 'i:da'a ha'icu mac hascu 'i cum mo:bid. You did not pay attention to what we tried in vain to advise you against.

o:b see Vtr o:bid= to stop' prevent obj from doing something o:m Vtr sing (for mult see o:om) [Neutr: def o:; hort and indef o:m. Dur: o:ma-d.
Interr: o:ma-him]: to sew a seam on obj ex: Nt ab g nnovkaj o o:. I'll sew the seam by hand. 'I 'at no: 'in nnov. He put stitches (one seam) on my arm. N g o:m hemu k o na:to! Finish sewing the seam right now and it will be finished (you will finish it)! B(<vab) 'i o:mad! Keep on sewing the seam! N(<'an) 'a haha 'i o:mahim. I am still sewing the seam.

o:ma N inalien sing [mult: o:oma]: seam in the process of being sewn
ex: Nt o na:to g no:ma. I'll finish my seam (my sewing one seam). Nt o na:to g no:oma. I'll finish my seams (my sewing several scams).

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o:mas/ o:om o:mas Stat sing [mult: o:omas]: to be stitched, sewn

ex: No 'on(<'an) ge o:mas? Is it stitched (with one seam rather than glued)? No svinma o:mas? Is it sewn firmly (one seam)? No svinma o:omas? Is it sewn firmly (several seams)?

o:mid Vdtr sing (for mult see o:omid) [Neutr: def o:m; hort o:mid. Dur:
o:mida-d]: to sew a seam on obj for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) mo:m. I'll be glad to sew a seam on it for you(sg).

o:mid Vreflex tr sing (for mult see 'e-o:omid) [Neutr: indef 'e-o:mid]: to sew a
seam on obj for oneself ex: Nap hema 'eo:mid g 'ipu? Are you sewing a skirt for yourself?

o:mi'ok Vtr sing (for mult see o:omi'ok) [Neutr: def o:mi'o; hort o:mi'ok; imper
sgs o:mi'oka-]: to undo a seam, to rip a seam open on obj ex: Nt o o:mi'o. I'll undo the seam on it.

o:mi'ok Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-o:omi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-o:mi'o]: to rip open
at one seam ex: 'Eo:mi'o g naliv. My pants ripped open at the seam.

o:m[] Stat impers sing [mult: o:om]: there is a stitch/ a seam somewhere
ex: No 'on(<'an) ge o:m? Is there a seam? Ma:ginakaj o:m. There is a seam made with a sewing machine. o:om 'o. There are several seams.

o:m see Vdtr o:mid= to sew a seam on obj for somebody o:o see Vtr o:om= to sew several seams on obj o:o see Vreflex 'e-o:om= to do one's sewing o:oba N inalien aggreg: bracelet; bow guard, wrist guard
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)a:a'ic g o:oba kc g 'a'ailo. I'll wear bracelets and rings.

o:oba Stat: to have (a) bracelet(s) o:oba s- Stat: to have lots of bracelets
ex: So:oba 'o. She has lots of bracelets.

o:om Vtr mult (for sing see o:m) [Neutr: def o:o; hort o:om]: to sew several
seams on obj ex: Nt ab g nnovkaj o o:o. I'll sew the seams by hand. Nt ab g ma:ginakaj o o:o. I'll sew the seams by machine.

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o:om/ o:on o:om Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-o:o; hort and indef 'e-o:om. Dur: 'e-o:oma-d. Interr:
'e-o:omahim]: to do one's sewing ex: Nt o a(<va) no:o si'alim. I'll do my sewing tomorrow. Si 'o cikpan, 'e-'o-o:om. She is very busy (working hard), she is doing her sewing. Si'alim nt o si cikpanad, nt o no:omad. Tomorrow I'll be very busy, I'll do my sewing. Tako 'a si cikpanahim, no:omahim 'a. Yesterday I was very busy, I did my sewing.

o:oma N: act of sewing

ex: Nap sma:c g o:oma? Do you know how to sew?

o:oma see N o:ma= seam in the process of being sewn o:omaku N inalien aggreg: sewing machine (same as o:omdam-ma:gina) o:omas see Stat o:mas= to be stitched, sewn o:omdam-ma:gina NComp inalien indiv [pl: o:omdam-mamagina]: sewing
machine (same as o:omaku)

o:omid Vdtr mult (for sing see o:mid) [Neutr: def o:om; hort and indef
o:omid]: to sew several seams on obj for somebody ex: Hega'i 'a 'am o:omid g Father. I am sewing seams on that for Father. Nt o a(<va) mo:om. I'll be glad to sew it (the seams on it) for you(sg).

o:omid Vreflex tr mult (for sing see 'e-o:mid) [Neutr: def 'e-o:om]: to sew
several seams on obj for oneself

o:omiddam ha- N inalien aggreg: seamstress, tailor (one whose job is to sew seams
for people)

o:omi'ok Vtr mult (for sing see o:mi'ok) [Neutr: def o:omi'o; hort o:omi'ok]:
to undo several seams on obj

o:omi'ok Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-o:mi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-o:omi'o]: to rip
open at the seams

o:om[] see Stat o:m[]= there is a stitch, a seam somewhere o:om see Vdtr o:omid= to sew several seams on obj for somebody o:on see N on= beginning of something, lower end, base, foot o:on see Stat on= to have a beginning, lower part, starting point, base

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o:oncud/ uhullig o:oncud Vtr pls (for sgs see oncud) [Neutr: def o:onc; hort o:oncud]: to start
obj ex: 'Att 'ep o o:onc g te'i. We'll resume our singing.

o:onva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see onva): to start

ex: T hekid o 'i o:onva g vepegi? At what time will each of the movies start?

o:onvcud Vtr pls (for sgs see onvcud) [Neutr: o:onvc]: to begin, start, obj
ex: ...matt 'i o o:onvc g e'i. ...that we will start the singing.

o:'o N aggreg [pl: oo'o]: grasshopper

ex: Smu'ij g oo'o 'ama'i. Grasshoppers are numerous down there.

o:'ocud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-o:'oc; hort 'e-o:'ocud]: to turn into a grasshopper,
to act like a grasshopper

o:'og s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-oo'og): to be full of grasshoppers in a
single location

u-

uhullig Vtr Repet plo (for sgo see vu:pa) [Neutr: indef uhullig. Dur: uhulliga-d.
Interr: uhulliga-him]: to put, throw, obj repeatedly somewhere ex: 'Amje eid g Hu: mo 'om(<'am) ha'icu uhullig ciolim da:m k pi has kaij. From there she sees Corn who keeps throwing something on top of the cholla, but she does not say anything. ... 'ama'i matp 'am hauhullig g 'eko'odc. ... down there where he throws what he has killed (his kills).

uhullig Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ul-[i]g) [Neutr: indef 'e-uhullig]: to make
each other fall repeatedly(with 'i) ex: 'I 'i(<'e)uhullig. They keep making each other fall.

uhullig Vintr Repet (for Unit see ul[i]g) pls (for sgs see gega) [Neutr: indef
uhullig]: to fall down repeatedly (with 'i) ex: 'I uhullig. They fall down repeatedly.

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uhulligadma/ ul[i]g uhulligadma s- V subst tr Repet (for Unit see s-uligama) plo (for sgo see svu:padma): to appear to throw obj somewhere repeatedly
ex: ... c gm hu hub(<hab) 'i o shauhulligadma. ... and they expected that it (the mountain) would keep trying to shake them off.

uhullighim in hejel uhullighim VExpr Interr pls (for sgs see hejel gegs[i]him): to live alone (to go to bed alone)
ex: 'A:cim 'ac hejel 'an uhullighim. We live alone.

ulgaku in 'o'ovick-[vi:pi'idag]-ulgaku NComp(?): ashtray ulgiddam in tatpial ha-ulgiddam NExpr: newspaper boy (the one whose job is
to throw the paper to people)

ul[i]g Vtr Unit (for Repet see uhullig) plo (for sgo see vua) [Neutr: def ul; hort and
indef ulig. Correl: ulig-k; immed: ulig-ka-'i. Compl: ul[i]g-ok; immed ul[i]g-oka-'i. Dur: uliga-d. Interr: ul[i]ga-him]: to put/ throw obj somewhere (a common action; for the first time an action is performed, see ju) ex: Hu: hab a 'ep gi'ikho 'om(<'am) ul g 'ecivo ciolim da:m. Corn thus four times put some hairs from his beard on the cholla. M g ha'i ulig g cu:cpul-'asugal vasib 'e! Could you(sg) put a few sugar cubes in my cup (beverage)! M g ha'i ulig g ha:l-kai! Why don't you(sg) plant some squash seeds! Ba:pt haul? Where did you put (throw) them? B(<'ab) 'ant o ha'i haul g si:nko. I'll put (throw) a few nickels in (a slot machine). ..c 'ab o ho(<ha)ul heg'aba'i. .. and throw them (the birds) towards it (the mountain)! uligoka'i! Leave them alone! 'Ab haulig g sigo. He (continually) puts nickels in (the slot machine). M g ab 'i ulgad! Keep on throwing them there! 'Am 'i hauligahi g ha:l-kai. He scattered the squash seeds there. gm hu ulig VExpr tr plo (for sgo see gm hu vua): to throw obj away (same as gm hu e:ncud) ex: M 'ant hu o ul. I'll throw them away. Gam g hu ulig! Throw them away! ha'as 'i ulig VExpr tr plo (for sgo see ha'as vua): to deposit a layer of obj ex: Ha'as 'i ul g hohodai. It (the water) has deposited a layer of stones. hebhu/heb hu ulig VComp/Expr tr plo (for sgo see hebhu/heb hu vua): to lose obj ex: Hebhu 'ant hu ul. I lost them. Pt o hebhu ul. You're going to lose them. Cum hekid ha'icu hebhu ulig. He is always losing something. hek ulig VExpr tr plo (for sgo see hek vua): to waste obj ex: T ab hek ul. He just wasted them. B(< vab) o hek ul. He will just waste them. T ab o hek ulgad. She'll just keep wasting them. Nap hab 'e'elid map hek ulig g 'elialga? Do you think that you are wasting your money? Pi g 'am hek ulgad! Don't be wasting them! ta'i ulig VExpr tr plo: to throw obj upward ex: ... 'ab hab si ta:tai ul g 'e'i'ipu. They pulled their skirts way up.

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ul[i]g/ ul[i]gid
'ab 'ab ulig VExpr tr plo: to throw obj at someone/ something ex: Hohodai 'ab ulig 'ab 'ab. They (continually) throw stones at him. 'ab hi a(< va) cum ulig 'a'aiji. In vain did they shoot at him (their arrows) from every direction. 'i ulig VExpr tr plo (for sgo see 'i vua): to throw obj down ex: Tk o 'i tul g kavyu. The horse is going to throw us. 'I 'it(<'at) 'i tul. He (the horse) threw us just now. 'I 'ant o a(<va) 'i 'emulgoka'i. I'll drop you(pl) here.

ulig V mult (for sing see vua): to make several baskets while playing basketball (throw
the ball in the basket) ex: He'ekia 'apt 'ab 'i haul? How many baskets did you(sg) make?

ulig V: to throw the gins tubes (when playing gins)

ex: T o a ve:pegk uligk 'aigo mmua. If he throws them (the gins tubes) first, he is the one who will kill you instead. ... k 'ea heg hi hauligahim g mu'icu. ... and meanwhile (I think) he kept throwing the highest combinations (throwing the gins tubes and getting the highest scores).

ul[i]g Vintr Unit (for Repet see uhullig) pls (for sgs see ge:) [Neutr: def ul; indef
ulig]: to fall somewhere ex: M 'at ha'i ul g 'o'o bi: 'e. A few pieces of gravel fell in my food. 'I 'it(<'at) 'i ul. They fell down. Ves 'atk ul g nala. All the oranges fell down. 'Ab si 'e'ab ul g mamagina. The cars bumped against each other. 'Ab ulig g ju:k. Raindrops are falling (down the window pane).-- 'I ulig. They fall continually.

ul[i]g Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-uhullig) [Neutr: def 'e-ul; hort 'e-ulig]: to
make each other fall ex: Mt 'am o 'o(<'e)ul. You might make each other fall. Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu 'i 'i(<'e)ulig! Don't make each other fall!

ulig[a]ma s- V subst tr Unit (for Repet see s-uhulligadma) plo (for sgo see svuima): to appear to throw obj somewhere
ex: Hab hi o 'i shauligama. I expect that he (the horse) will throw them. Kavyu hub(<hab) hi o stuligma. We expect that the horse will throw us.

ul[i]gid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vuijid) [Neutr: def ulig; hort and indef ulgid. Dur:
ulgida-d]: to throw obj to/ for somebody ex: Nt o mulig. I'll plant them (seeds) for you. Haulgid g cu:kug g gogogs. He/ they throw pieces of meat to the dogs. Haulgid g hu: g cucul. He/they throw corn to the chickens.

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ul[i]gid/ u:d ul[i]gid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ge:sid) [Neutr: def 'e-ulig]: to get tired out,
exhausted ex: Namt 'eulig? Are you(pl) exhausted ? Tulig 'att. We are exhausted.

ulij N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ulij=ga-j); pl: ulij]: baby boy ulijga Stat: to have a baby boy udag Vintr Repet (for Unit see u:d) sgs (for pls see u:ug) [Neutr: indef udag]:
to become full repeatedly ex: Huhummec 'am 'ep udagc 'ep huhumme. It (a well, a pond) gets empty and again it gets full and again it gets empty.

udagid Vtr Repet (for Unit see u:d[a]d) sgo (for plo see u:ugid) [Neutr: indef
udagid. Dur: udagida-d. Interr: udagida-him]: to fill obj repeatedly ex: M(<'am) 'a 'i udagid. I keep it full (I keep filling it without waiting until it is empty). Cum hekid 'apt o udagidad hega'i va:li! Fill that tank every time (it needs to be filled)!

ulij see N ulij = baby boy uug see N u:g = mockingbird uugag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-u:gag): to be full of mockingbirds in
several locations

uuk see N u:k= a pair of shoes uuvijul see N uvijul= saddle pad uvijul N inalien indiv [pl: uuvijul]: saddle pad

u:u:c N aggreg: a cactus u:c-gasviku NComp(?): comb (made out of cactus fiber) u:d N indiv [pl/distr: u:ud]: puddle

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u:d/ u:dagim u:d N inalien indiv: vagina (same as mu:s) u:d Vintr Unit (for Repet see udag) sgs (for pls see u:ud) [Neutr: def u:d,
Interr: u:d-him]: to become full ex: u:d 'at. It is (got) full. Hek 'at hu u:d. It's already full. B(<vab) 'ab 'i si u:dk u:d g vo'o. The pond is full to the brim. T hab pi hekid o u:d g jevu. Thus the earth will never become full (of people). u:dhim 'o. It's getting full. u:dhim 'o g kostal. My sack is getting full (of cotton, wheat, fruit). u:dhim g jevu c sta'e:bidam 'eju: vesko. The earth was getting full (of water) and everywhere it had become dangerous (hearsay).

u:d Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see u:ud) [Neutr: def u:d]: to get obj to feel full
ex: B(<'ab) 'at ab si nu:d. I am just completely full (of food).

u:d[a]d Vtr Unit (for Repet see udagid) sgo (for plo see u:ud) (Neutr: def and
hort u:dad; imper sgs u:d[a]da-. Interr: u:d[a]da-him]: to fill obj ex: Napt u:dad g 'ekostal? Did you fill your sack (with cotton, fruit)? Pt o u:dad! Fill it! M g 'i u:dad! Could you(sg) fill it! Va:ldi 'apt o u:dad g pilkakaj! Fill the basket with wheat! Tacu 'u(<'a) mapt o u:dad g va:lin. I want you to fill my tank (with gas). 'Ant 'i u:dad. I just filled it. B(<vab) o 'i 'iavuhimk o u:dad g va:lin! Keep on pouring (water, gas) until you've filled the tank! Koi 'ant u:dadk ababa hi a(<va) elma u:dadahim. I have not filled it yet but I am about to.

u:dagga Stat: to have water

ex: Nap ge u:dagga? Do you have any water?

u:dagig Stat impers: there is a liquid, there is water somewhere

ex: Hascu 'um(<'am) u:dagig heg'ea ha'a? What kind of liquid is there in that bottle? No 'in ha u:dagig 'i:na'a? Is there some water around here? Pi 'am hu ha u:dagig. There is no water down there. a 'ak(<'ok) va 'i u:dagig 'i:na'a. There is a fair amount of water around here.

u:dagig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-u:ugig): to be full of water in a single
location ex: Su:dagig 'o 'ama'i. There is a lot of water down there.

u:dagim in Adverbial Compounds [distr: u:ugim]: in/ by containerful

hua-u:dagim Adv Comp: by the basketful ex: Ciolim gi'ik hua-u:dagim 'am 'iavup 'ecuamaiku 'e. Four times she emptied a basketful of cholla (she uses only one basket) in her baking pit. Ciolim gi'ik huhau:ugim 'am 'i'ava. She emptied in there four basketfuls of cholla (there are four baskets filled with cholla).

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u:dagim/ u:dag[]c'ejevu-u:dagim Adv Comp: the entire world ex: Kupt a(<va) voho 'ob(<'ab) cum memea g Ban vesko jevu-u:dagim k pi heba'i a 'i ha'icu ce:. Although Coyote did indeed run all over the entire world he did not find a trace of him (a thing) anywhere. ... mo 'id hab a(<va) masma cum heba'i jevuu:dagim himhim, 'i:da'a Hava. ... (he asked) that Crow to go everywhere in the entire world in the same way (as Coyote did). ko:ba-u:dagim Adv Comp: by the glassful va:ldi-u:dagim NExpr: by the bucketful ex: Va:ldi-u:dagim 'apt o gaga g vi:b! Sell the milk by the bucketful!

u:dag N alien mass [3rd pers sg u:dag=ga-j; loc: u:dag-c-'e; instr: u:dag-kaj]:
water, liquid ex: Nap ge va'ig g u:dag? Do you have any drinking water? u:dag 'am e'iopag. There are several springs (the water is coming out in several places). Va:ldi 'apt o u:dad g u:dagkaj! Fill the bucket with water! ge-u:dag NComp: ocean (same as ge-ka:ck) ka:ck-u:dag NComp[loc: ka:ck-u:dag[]-c-'e]: ocean

u:dag[] Stat tr [sgs (Neutr: indef u:dag; u:dag=k. Dur: u:dag=ka-d. Interr:
u:dag=ka-him); pls: u:ug[]: to be full of obj ex: Si u:dag g va:ldi. The bucket is completely full (of it). - u:ug 'o hegam huha. Those buckets are full (of it). vab 'i si u:dc udag Stat Expr tr: to be full to the brim of obj ex: Va:ldi vab 'ab 'i si u:dc u:dag g vi:b. The bucket is full of milk up to the brim. Kostal 'ab daha c g lial ab 'ab 'i si u:dag. A bag sits there and it's completely full of money. vab 'i si u:dc udag Stat Expr tr impers: to be full to the brim with obj somewhere ex: B(<vab) 'ab 'i si u:dc u:dag g vi:b 'ab va:ldit'ab. It's full to the brim with milk in the bucket.

u:dag[] Stat impers Unit: there is water somewhere

ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu ha u:dag. There is no water down there. .. 'am u:dag matsp 'in havi'in g 'o'odham hek hu. ..there is water down there which (maybe the one that) flooded the people long ago. ..gm hu heba'i ge u:dag. .. somewhere way over there there happens to be some water. .. c heg'ea 'am hab u:dag; pi 'am hu ab u:dag; na'as g hu 'o'o veco 'am u:dag. ..and in it there was water; there was not exactly water there; (it was likely that) underneath the sand there was water. Pi 'it(<'at) 'am hu o ho(<ha) u:dagk. There won't be any water down there.

u:dag[]c'e-nakel VComp indiv [pl: u:dag[]c'e-nankel]: lobster (water

scorpion) ex: Smu'ij g u:dagc'e-nankel 'ama'i m'am ge shohodaig. There are lots of lobsters down there where there is an unusual amount of rocks.

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u:dag-/ u:g u:dag-hugidag NComp(?): seashore u:dags Stat tr sgs: to be filled with obj
ex: Si u:dags g ha'icu ma:cig. He is filled with knowledge. Si u:dags g s'apekam. He is filled with goodness. 'Ab daha g kostal c g lial u:dags. There sits a bag and it is filled with money. Kostal 'ab daha c g lial ab 'ab si u:dags. A bag sits there and it is completely filled with money.

u:dags Stat intr sgs: to be filled up

ex: Hek 'o hu u:dags g va:ldi. The bucket is already filled up. Va:ldi 'o u:dags g pilkakaj. The bucket is filled up with wheat.

u:dag-to'aku NComp inalien indiv [pl: u:dag-to:taku]: water container (either

jar or bottle)

u:dagk in Cuk[uma] u:dagk NExpr: a place name, Black Water (where the water
is black)

u:dc Postp concurs: full of obj (see also u:dk)

ex: 'Ab daha g kostal ge lial u:dc. There sits a sack full of money (unexpectedly). Hua u:dc 'i:s g pilka. The wheat fills the basket to the brim. vab 'i si u:dc u:dag Stat Expr tr: to be full to the brim with obj ex: Vi:b ab 'ab 'i si u:dc u:dag g va:ldi. The bucket is full of milk up to the brim. vab 'i si u:dc Postp Expr tr: full to the brim of obj ex: B(<vab) 'ab 'i si u:dc ba'ihamas. It is packed full to the brim (with it).

u:dk Postp Correl [pl/distr: u:udk]: filled with obj (see also u:dc)
ex: 'Ab dai g kostal ge lial u:dk. He set down the sack filled with money (unexpectedly). 'I vasbid g navait ko:ba u:dk! Pour me a glassful of wine! u:dk 'apt o 'i vasib g vi:b! Pour me a containerful of milk! - Kokoba u:udk o ho(< ha)vassib! Pour each one of them a glassful of it! u:dk g ba'iham! Pack it full! u:dk 'ant toa g 'o'ohon 'ab kavhont'ab. I filled the box with books. Pt o 'i:t g pilka 'ab hua u:dk! Fill the basket to the brim with wheat! Ciolim hua u:dk 'am 'iava 'ecuamaiku 'e. She emptied a basketful of cholla in her baking pit. vab 'i si u:dk Adv Expr tr: filled to the brim with obj ex: B 'ab 'i si u:dk u:d g vo'o. The pond is (got) full to the brim (with it). B 'i si u:dk u:d g navait. It got filled to the brim with wine. B 'i si u:dk u:dad. He filled it to the brim (with it). B 'i si u:dk ba'iha. He packed it to the brim (with it).

u:g N alien indiv/ aggreg [pl: uug]: mockingbird; a talkative person

ex: Mu'ij g uug/ u:g. The mockingbirds are numerous. sto:ta-'a'anam-u:g NComp: white feathered mocking bird

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u:gag/ u:k-vakck u:gag Stat impers Unit: there is/are (a) mockingbird(s) in one location u:gag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-uugag): to be full of mockingbirds in one
location

u:gaj Adv sg: like a mockingbird u:gaj i'ok NExpr(?): mockingbird-like speeches (speeches delivered only during
the wine ceremony)

u:g-Keli NComp(?): a nickname for a talkative old man (mockingbird-old-man) u:k N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg u:ka-j); pl/distr: uuk]: a pair of shoes
ex: Ceka g 'eu:k! Put on your shoes! To:tajid 'a g nu:k. I am putting white polish on my shoes. Tohajid 'a g nu:k. I am putting white polish on one of my shoes. Nt o vadadkad g nu:k. I'll shine my shoes (one pair). Nt o ho(<ha)va'apdadkad g uuk. I'll shine my shoes (several pairs). Nu:k 'o svaag. My shoes (one pair) are wet. Nuuk 'o svapag. My shoes (several pairs) are wet. Svapag 'o g hauuk. Their shoes are wet. kaigia-u:k/ kakaiga'am-u:k/ kakiaga'am-u:k NComp inalien: a pair of rawhide sandals ma:gina-u:k NComp: a set of tires (for one car) va'apdak-u:k NComp: a pair of patent leather shoes

u:k-cuckujidaku NComp: black shoe polish (instrument to blacken shoes) u:k[a]d Vtr sgo [Neutr: def and hort u:kad]: to shoe obj (such as a horse; same as
u:kcud) ex: Hekid 'apt 'an o 'i u:kad g kavyu? When are you going to shoe the horse?

u:kada N: act of shoeing (a horse) u:k-gigiaag NComp inalien [3rd pers sg u:k-gigiaa-j]: shoe strings u:kcud Vtr sgo [Neutr: def u:kc; hort u:kcud]: to shoe obj (a horse; same as
u:kad) ex: Nt o u:kc. I'll shoe him (the horse). M g u:kcud! Why don't you(sg) shoe him!

u:kcudaku N: shoeing instrument(s) u:k-vakck N Comp aggreg: a bush, broomweed

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u:ud/ u:'uva ju:k u:ud see N u:d= puddle u:ud Vintr Unit (for Repet see u:ug) pls (for sgs see u:d) [Neutr: def u:ud.
Interr: u:ud-him]: to become full ex: ... 'ab 'i si u:ud hegam huha. ... they were (hearsay) filled up, those baskets. u:udhim 'o. They are getting full.

u:ud Vimprs tr plo (for sgo see u:d) [Neutr: def u:ud]: to get obj to feel full
ex: B(<'ab) 'at ab si tu:ud. We are just completely full (of food).

u:ud Vtr Unit (for Repet see u:ugid) plo (for sgo see u:d[a]d) [Neutr: def and
hort u:ud. Interr: u:uda-him]: to fill obj ex: Napt a(<va) hau:ud? Did you fill them? elma hau:udahim 'a. I am almost through filling them.

u:udk see Adv u:dk= filled with u:ug Vintr Repet (for Unit see u:ud) pls (for sgs see udag) [Neutr: indef
u:ug]: to get full repeatedly ex: Huhhumc 'am 'ep u:ugc 'ep huhhum. They (wells, ponds, arroyos) get empty and full again and empty again.

u:ugid Vtr Repet (for Unit see u:ud) plo (for sgo see udagid) [Neutr: indef
u:ugid]: to fill obj repeatedly

u:ugig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-u:dagig): to be full of water in various
locations ex: Su:ugig 'o. There is a lot of water here and there.

u:ugim see u:dagim= in, by containerfuls u:ug[] see Stat u:dag[]= to be full u:'uva N aggreg: a bush with very small berries u:'uva ju:k NExpr(?): rain with very tiny drops (like the berries of the u:'uva
bush)

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tacu/ ta ta-

tacu (dial: tacua/ tacuva) Vtr [Neutr: indef tacu. Dur: tacu-d. Interr: tacu-him]: to want/
need obj; to love obj ex: Tacu 'u(<'a) mant o cikp. I want to work. Nap tacu mapt o a(<va) cikp tve:m? Do you(sg) want to work with us? He'es o 'i ge'ejkad map heg tacu? How big do you want it? Nap si tacu? Do you need it very much? Si 'i(<'a) tacu. I need it very much. Pi hoho'id pi tacu mas ab o bei g 'ali pi ha kunc. She doesn't want to have a child without being married. Skeg 'a ha'icu tacu. I have nice plans (I want something nice). Nap ntacu? Do you love me?

tacui N inalien: beloved one

Tacuij: a nickname (his/her beloved)

tacui vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's beloved one

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ntacui. He/she is my beloved one.

tacui in ha'icu tacui NExpr inalien aggreg [1st pers sg: ha'icu n-tacui; 3rd pers sg:
ha'icu tacui-j]: wish(es), desire(s) ex: Hemu hub(<hab) 'eju: g ha'icu ntacui. Now my wishes have been fulfilled (have happened). Ha'icu 'i 'emtacui 'am o 'i 'ulik! Be mature in your(pl) various wishes!

tacuidag Stat: to have wishes, desires, plans

ex: Skeg 'a tacuidag. I have nice plans. Heg 'o s'ap tacuidag. He has good plans.

tacuidag in ha'icu tacuidag NExpr inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg ha'icu tacuida-j]:
ingredients/ material for realizing a desire (such as making a basket, an olla)

tacuidkam/ tacuikam N subst: one(s) with wishes, desires, plans

ex: s'ap tacuidkam hemajkam= people with good plans vepo tacuikam= one(s) with wishes similar to mine navait tacuikam NExpr (?) aggreg: one(s) with wishes/plans for the wine feast ex: ... si s'ap 'eta:t g navait tacuikam. ... those desiring the wine feast rejoiced.

ta see Vtr ta[a]n= to spread obj open ta N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: taa-j; instr: 1st pers sg: n-ta-kaj); pl: ta:ta]: foot
ex: Mac 'am hekaj keiapac 'oimme. (Feet are) that with which we step as we walk around. Nt o a(<va) 'u'ukcid g ntakaj. I'll hold it with my foot. Nt o a(<va) 'u'ukcid g nta:takaj. I'll hold it down with my feet.

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ta/ taa ta Adv : on foot

ex: Nt ab o nta 'ab hi:. I'll just go on foot (on my foot).

ta Stat sing [mult: ta:ta]: to have a foot

ex: Ge'ege ta:ta 'o. He has big feet.

ta s- Adv: like a foot, of foot

ex: Sta 'u:v. It smells like a foot (of feet).

ta[a]gid Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-ta:ta[a]gid) [Neutr: def 'e-taag; hort 'etagid]: to move/ shake one's foot ex: Si 'i(<'e)taag. He moved his foot (once) violently. Pi g 'am 'etagid! Don't move your foot!

taag see Vreflex 'e-ta[a]gid= to move/ shake one's foot taai N aggreg alien [distr: tataai]: road runner
ex: Smu'ij g taai 'ama'i. There are lots of road runners down there.

taaig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tataaig): to be full of road runners in a
single location.

taaj/ takaj Adv sg [pl: ta:taaj/ ta:takaj]: on foot

ex: B(<'ab) g gahi 'i ge: 'etaaj! Cross (coming this way) on foot! Nt ab o ntaaj/ ntakaj. I'll just go on foot. Tt ab o tta:taaj/ tta:takaj hihi. We'll just go on foot. 'Ea hab masma mat ab 'etakaj 'am hi:. At that time the only way to travel was on foot.

ta[a]n Vtr sgo (for plo see ta:taan) [Neutr: def ta; hort taan; imper sgs tana-.
Correl: taan-k; immed: taan-ka-'i. Compl: tan-ok; immed: tan-oka-'i. Interr: taanahim]: to spread open obj ex: Nt o 'i ta g Jio-'O'ohon. I'll open (spread) the Bible. Nt o ta g pilsa. I'll spread the blanket. N(<'an) g taan g pilsa! Spread the blanket! Taanahim 'a. I am spreading it. 'I g taanoka'i! Spread it first (before you do anything else)!

taanc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see ta:taanc) [Neutr: indef taanc. Dur: taanci-d]:
to have obj spread open

taa see Vtr ta[a]id= to widen obj taa see Vdtr ta[a]id= to spread obj for somebody

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taa/ taim taa Stat sgs [pls: ta:taa]: to be spread, spread open
ex: Taa 'o. It is spread. Ta:taa 'o. They are spread.

taa s- Adj sg [pl: s-ta:taa]: wide

ex: Staa vainomga. He has a wide knife. staa 'ipuam= the one with the wide skirt sta:taa 'i'ipuam= the ones with the wide skirts.

taa s- Stat sgs [pls: s-ta:taa]: to be wide

ex: No staa g vo:g? Is the road wide? 'Idam vopog 'o sta:taa. These roads are wide. Cum 'o staakahim. It used to be wide.

ta[a]id Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def taa; hort taid]: to spread obj open for somebody
ex: Nt o 'i taa g 'o'ohon. I'll spread the book open for him. 'I taid g Jio-'o'ohon! Spread the Bible open for him!

ta[a]id Vtr sgo (for plo see ta:ta[a]id) [Neutr: def taa; indef and hort taid.
Interr: taida-him]: to widen obj ex: Nt o 'i taa. I'll widen it. T o 'i taa g vo:g. They are going (hearsay) to widen the road. 'I taid g 'ipu! (Could you) widen my skirt! Taidahim 'a. I am widening it.

ta-bo:l NComp inalien: football ta-bo:l VComp reflex: to play football with each other
ex: Tt o tta-bo:l. We'll play football together.

takaj see Adv taaj= on foot takam N subst sing [mult: ta:taam]: one with a foot
ex: tosko takam= one with a swollen foot totsko ta:taam= one with swollen feet

taim N subst [pl: ta:taim]: one that is spread

mi:sa-da:m-taim NComp alien indiv [sg (3rd pers mi:sa-da:m-taim=ga-j); pl: mi:sa-da:m-ta:taim]: table cloth vo'iku da:m taim NExpr inalien [sg (3rd pers vo'ikua-j da:m tadim); pl: vo'iku da:m ta:taim]: bed spread, sheet

taim s- Adv: widely spread

ex: Staim 'o pilkaig. There is a wide (field) of wheat (there is wheat widely spread). Staim hab cu'ig. It seems widely spread.

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tapo/ tai tapo N aggreg: hair on the foot

cu:v-tapo NComp aggreg: a flower (hair on the foot of a jackrabbit, also called cu:v-ta:ta)

taagig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Burr-sage in one location taag N aggreg alien: a bush, Burr-sage (Franseria deltoidea) tava Vintr Unit sing: to bump one's foot
ex: B(<'ab) 'ant si tava 'ab ki:t'ab. I bumped my foot real hard against the wall.

tahae Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ta:) [Neutr: indef tahae]: to ask somebody for
something repeatedly ex: Ves maad 'o 'i a ntahae g lial. Every month he asks me for money.

tahae Vreflex tr Repet (for Unit see 'e-ta:) [Neutr indef 'e-tahae. Dur: 'etahae-d; concurs 'e-tahaed-c]: to be asked for obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o pi iadc pi hekid ha'icu cecega 'am cum 'etahaedc. Not being observant he never finds anything when he is asked for it.

tahi see Vtr taik= to split obj tahumdag in ha'icu tahumdag NExpr: fibers
'a'u-tahumdag NComp: agave fibers

tahumdag Stat: to have fibers

ex: 'A'u ge tahumdag. The agave cactus has fibers (unexpectedly).

tahumdaj N: fibers of a previously mentioned plant (its fibers)

ex: Nt o hekaj g tahumdaj. I'll use its fibers.

tahum-kostal NComp indiv [pl: tahum-kokstal]: gunny sack, burlap bag tai see Vdtr ta:= to ask somebody for obj tai N: fire
ex: Taic'e 'at gei. It fell in the fire. Scuhugam o dahak tai vui g hu ki:c'ea. At night they sit facing the fire inside the house.

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tai/ taivig tai N alien aggreg [instr: tai-kaj; instr reflex: 'e-tai=ga-kaj]: match(es)
ex: Nt o hema hatai g tai. I'll ask somebody for matches. Taikaj 'ant o nai. I'll light the fire with a match.

tai N: name of the center in the gins game tai-cucadam NComp aggreg: firemen (ones-who-continually-put-out-a-fire) taiga Stat: to have (a) match(es)
ex: Nap ge taiga? Do you have (a) match(es). Pi 'i(<'a) ha taiga. I don't have any matches.

taiga s- Stat: to have lots of matches

ex: Heg 'o staiga. He has lots of matches.

taigakam N subst: one(s) with matches

ex: hega'i taigakam= the one with matches hegam taigakam= those with matches.

taik Vtr [Neutr: def tahi; indef and hort taik; imper sgs taika-. Dur: taika-d. Interr:
taika-him]: to split obj (used only about devilsclaw pods) ex: Nt o tahi g 'ihug. I'll split devilsclaw. 'Oi g taik g 'ihug! Hurry and split devilsclaw pods! Taik g 'ihug. She is splitting devilsclaw pods. Taikahim 'a. I have been splitting it (devilsclaw pods).

taika N: act of splitting devilsclaw pods taika N inalien aggreg: bunch of devilsclaw pods in the process of being split taikid Vdtr [Neutr: def taik; indef and hort taikid. Dur: taikida-d]: to split obj
(devilsclaw pods) for somebody ex: Pt o ntaik g 'ihug. You will split devilsclaw pods for me. Ntaikida g 'ihug! Split devilsclaw pods for me! Heg 'o 'i a ntaikid g 'ihug. She is splitting devilsclaw (pods) for me here.

taik see Vdtr taikid= to split (devilsclaw pods) for somebody taivigig (dial: taivigag) s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tataivigig): to be full of
fireflies, scarabens in a single location

taivig (dial: taivig) N aggreg [distr: tataivig]: firefly; scarabens (a green beetle)

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tako/ tamaltako Part: yesterday

g hema tako Adv Expr: the day before yesterday g hu 'i hema tako Adv Expr: three days ago

tako da:m juk Adv Expr: yesterday afternoon tako gm hu 'i juk Adv Expr: yesterday afternoon tako huunk Adv Expr: yesterday evening tako si'alim Adv Expr: yesterday morning takva Vtr [Neutr: def and hort takva. Interr: takva-him]: to uproot obj
ex: Nt o takva g kui. I'll uproot the tree. T o ho(<ha)takva. They are going (hearsay) to uproot them.

takvui (dial: takvei/ takvai) N alien aggreg: yucca takvuig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tatkvuig): to be full of yucca in a single
location

takvuiga Stat: to have yucca talvi see Vtr talvin= to twist obj, to crank (a car) talvin N indiv [pl: tatalvin]: spindle for making rope (same as talvinaku) talvin Vtr [Neutr: def talvi; indef and hort talvin. Dur: talvina-d]: to twist obj, to crank
(a car) ex: Nt o talvi g vijina. I'll twist a rope (make a rope). B(<'ab) g 'i talvin g ma:gina! Crank the car! Talvina! Twist it/crank it! 'I talvin g ma:gina. He is cranking the car.

talvinaku N indiv [pl: tatalvinaku]: spindle for making rope (same as talvin); crank talvint Vtr sing: to make a spindle for making rope out of obj tamal N alien aggreg [distr: tatamal]: tamales
ex: Ha'i bia g tamal! Dish out a few tamales!

tamal-cemait NComp inalien indiv [pl: tamal-cecemait]: cornflour tortilla

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tamalt/ tamhogid tamalt Vtr Unit (for Repet see tatamalt) [Neutr: def tamal; hort tamalt]: to make
tamales out of obj ex: Nt o ha'i tamal. I'll make some tamales (out of it). Tt hig o ha'i tamal. Let's make some tamales (out of it). Ha'i g tamalt! You(sg) make some tamales (out of it)!

tamalta N inalien aggreg [1st pers sg: ntamalta]: tamales in the process of being made tambal, tamblo see N tamval= drum tamcu (dial: tamcua) Vtr [Neutr: def and hort tamcu]: to injure obj accidentally
ex: Pt o ntamcu, sko'ok 'o kahio. You are going to injure me, my leg hurts.

tamcu Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-tamcu]: to injure oneself accidentally

ex: Ntamcu 'unt(<'ant). I injured myself.

tamcua Vtr [Neutr: indef tamcua]: to injure obj accidentally reiteratedly tamcua Vreflex: to injure oneself accidentally reiteratedly
ex: Ntamcua 'a. I injure myself again and again.

tamhaincud Vimpers tr [Neutr: def tamhainc; indef tamhaincud]: to make somebody's

teeth hurt (as when biting into a sour fruit) ex: Ntamhainc. It made my teeth hurt. Ntamhaincud ['o]. It usually makes my teeth hurt.

tamho see Vtr s-tamhog= to get annoyed at obj tamhog s- Vtr Unit (for Repet see s-tatamhog) [Neutr: def s-tamho; indef s-tamhog.
Dur: s-tamhoga-d. Interr: s-tamhoga-him, s-tamhogi-him]: to get annoyed at obj ex: Nt o stamho. I'll get annoyed at him. Nt o smtamho. I'll get annoyed at you(sg). Sha-'an-tamhog. I get annoyed at them. Stamhog 'a 'o hega'i 'o'odham. I get annoyed at that man. Sntamhog 'o. He gets annoyed at me. Nt o stamhogad. I'll be getting annoyed at him (constantly). Cum stamhogahim 'a. I used to get annoyed at him.

tamhogcud s- Vreflex: to get annoyed easily (same as s-'e-tamhogid)

ex: Sntamhogcud 'a. I get annoyed easily.

tamhogid s- Vreflex: to get annoyed easily (same as s-'e-tamhogcud)

ex: Sntamhogid 'a. I get annoyed easily.

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tamval/ ta tamval/ tambal/ tamblo (Span: tambor) N inalien indiv [pl: tatamval/ tatambal/
tatamblo]: drum

tanhaag (dial: tanhaiag) N alien aggreg [1st pers sg n-tanhaag=ga; instr:

tanhaag-kaj; pl: tatanhaag]: rubbish

tapial (Span: papel) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg tapial=ga-j); pl: tatpial]: piece of
paper; newspaper; official document ex: Nt o ha'i tacu g tatpial k 'ab o ha'o'oho. I'll need some pieces of paper to write a few letters (to some people). M g hu da'icud hega'i tapial! Throw away this piece of paper! M g hu e:ncud hegam tatpial! Throw away those pieces of paper! M g hu 'iava g tatpial! Throw away the papers (in a pile or in a container)! M g hu ha'i'ava g tatpial! Throw away the papers (in several piles or containers)! ma:sidag-tapial NComp alien: birth certificate

tasa (Span: tasa) N: cup tasa-cekku NComp indiv: saucer ta N: sun

ex: Si eid g ta. The sun is shining on me (looking at me). Hega'i mo 'an himadc hekaj ttonolid. The sun is that which goes (in the sky) and thereby gives us light.

ta N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg n-ta=ga); pl: tat]: clock, watch ta N aggreg: day
ex: He'ekia 'i ta ve:gaj? In how many days? Gi'ik ta ve:gaj. In four days. ce:gig ta NExpr inalien: feast day (same as piast ta) ha'icu ta NExpr: holiday, day of festivity ex: ... matp heba'i 'am ha'icu 'i 'i(<'e)'ai g ta. ... whenever there was a day of festivity Hualub taga NExpr: Guadalupe's Feastday ma:sidag-ta NComp inalien: birthday piast ta NExpr inalien: feast day (same as ce:gig ta)

ta in Adv Expressions:
ge ta Adv Expr: all day long ex: Ge ta vo'o. He stays in bed all day. Kutp ge ta 'am ab 'i 'apcudahim ha'icu. They spent the whole day getting things ready hemako ta 'ab Adv Expr: per day ex: P he'es 'i ta cikpan hemako ta 'ab? How long do you work per day? ves ta Adv Expr: every day

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ta/ taogid ta Adv: a long time

ex: Natk o ta mumkud? Is he going to be sick a long time? He'es 'apt 'i ta ku:? How long did you lock him up? P he'es 'i ta 'i a 'i 'oimme? How long have you been here?

ta vu Stat Expr [Neutr: indef vu ta; def vu ta=k. Dur: vu ta=ka-d. Interr: vu
ta=ka-him]: to be a day, to elapse ex: He'ekia 'o (<vu) a(<va) 'i ta? How many days ago? ia k a(<va) voho 'am himk 'am u 'i gi'ik ta ... Well, and indeed after some time had gone by, after four days had elapsed ... M(<'am) 'ant o hi: mat u o 'i gi'ik tak. I'll go there in four days. Mat 'i'aji u o 'i gi'ik tak 'apt 'am o hi:. Four days from now, you will go there.

taga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's holiday, festivity

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) ntaga. This is my holiday. ... no pi 'ea g e'icuda vu a(<va) 'i hataga g hemajkam. ... because at that time singing and dancing was the only festivity of the people.

taga Stat sing [mult: tatga]: to have a clock, a watch

ex: Nap ge taga? Do you have a watch?

ta-himdag NComp: daytime (same as tatav-himdag)

ex: Sto g ta-himdag. The daytime is hot.

takaj Adv: day

g hu hema 'i takaj Adv Expr: two days ago ves takaj Adv Expr: every day 'id 'i takaj Adv Expr: today

takta N inalien aggreg [1st pers sg: n-takta]: pieces of meat drying in the sun ta-ma:hag NComp aggreg: a flower, blue lupine ta-ma:hagag s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of blue lupines in one location tao Adv: clearly, plainly tao Stat: to be clear, plain
ex: ... mat heghekaj o taokad. ... so that it will be clear.

taogid Vdtr [Neutr: def taog]: to explain something to somebody

ex: M(<'am) 'ant o mtaog. I will explain it to you(sg). M(<'am) g ntaogid! Explain it to me! Hegam o'igkam g Jio-cihaig 'at o ho(<ha)taog. They explain God's law to the poor.

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taog/ tataikam taog see Vdtr taogid= to explain something to somebody ta sisvoda[g] N Expr: sunrays at sunset or sunrise ta 'e Adv Expr: during the day
ex: ..k 'ep pi a 'i ha ko: 'ep ta 'e. ..and she does not sleep at all during the day either.

ta 'oidam Adv Expr: all through the day tataba see tatalba= mother's deceased younger brother tatabko Adj: on a hillside
ex: tatabko vo:g= a road on a hillside

tatabkog s- Stat: to be on a hillside

ex: Vo:g 'o statabkog. The road is on a hillside.

tatablo see N ta:blo: cloak, shawl tataai see N taai: roadrunner tataaig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-taaig): to be full of roadrunners in
various locations

tatahadag see Stat s-ta:hadag= to be funny, amusing tatai N inalien aggreg[1st pers sg: n-tatai]: sinews of a person
ex: Ntatai sma:s. My sinews show.

tatai N alien aggreg [1st pers sg n-tatai=ga]: sinews of an animal (used to make
bowstrings)

tataiga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's sinews (used to make bow strings)

ex: D(<vu) 'o ntataiga. They are my sinews.

tataiga Stat: to have sinews (used to make bowstrings) tataiga s- Stat: to have a lot of sinews (to make bowstrings)
ex: Stataiga 'a. I have a lot of sinews.

tataikam in Cuck-Tataikam-Siva-Ma:kai NComp(?): name of a mythological

character (Black-Sinewed-Siva-Medicine-man)

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tataikoag/ tatamko tataikoag see Stat s-ta'ikoag= to be steep going uphill tataivigig (dial: tataivigag) s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-taivigig): to be full of
fireflies, scarabens in various locations

tataivig see N taivig= firefly; scarabens tatal N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg tatali-j); pl: ta:tal]: mother's younger brother (the
reciprocal term is ma'i)

tatalba N inalien indiv [pl: ta:talba]: deceased mother's younger brother tatalvin see N talvin= spindle for making rope tatalvinaku see N talvinaku= spindle for making rope; crank tatam Vtr Repet (for Unit see ta:tam) sgo [Neutr: indef tatam. Dur: tatama-d. Interr:
tatama-him]: to touch obj repeatedly ex: Ma hekid 'am 'i tatam 'i hoike. When I touch it, it wriggles. B(<'ab) 'o tatam g gogs. He is touching the dog. Pi g 'ab hu tatamad. Don't be touching it all the time!

tatam in a tatam VExpr tr: to feel obj

ex: Tp 'am aha(<haha) a tatam g 'I'itoi c hab 'a:g ... Then 'I'itoi felt her (to discover whether she was asleep) and told her ...

tatam in a 'e-tatam VExpr reflex: to feel oneself

ex: ia (<ku) 'am aha(<haha) a 'a(<'e)tatam (<ma) 'am hab a(<va) hema svi'isma. Well, then she discovered (by feeling herself) that there was one more (baby) to come.

tatamal see N tamal= tamales tatamalt Vtr Repet (for Unit see tamalt) [Neutr: indef tatamalt]: to make tamales out
of obj repeatedly ex: Tatamalt 'a. I make tamales (out of it).

tatamhog s- Vtr Repet (for Unit see s-tamhog) [Neutr: indef s-tatamhog]: to get
annoyed at obj repeatedly

tatamko N inalien [distr: tattamko]: jaw(s), jawbone tatamko Stat: to have (a) jaw(s)
ex: Sgevk tatamko. He has a strong jaw.

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tatamval/ tatkaj tatamval/ tatambal/ tatamblo see N tamval= drum tatanhag see tahanhag= rubbish tataig N: thunder
ex: Nap ka: g tataig? Do you hear the thunder?

tatae Vimpers [Neutr: def tatae. Correl: tatae-k; immed: tae-ka-'i]: to thunder
ex: Tk o tataek ju:. It is going to thunder and then rain (evidential).

tatatam Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ta:tam) [Neutr: def 'e-tatat; hort 'e tatatam. Interr:
'e-tatatam-him]: to recover one's self control ex: T o a(<va) 'etatat. They are going to recover their self control. 'Etatatamhim. They are recovering their self control.

tatatk see Stat Expr hab 'e-ta:tk= to feel a certain (specified) way. tatatk see Stat reflex s-'e-ta:tk= to have command over one's senses tatatk see Stat Expr s-cu-ta:tk= to have premonition tatatkam see NExpr s-cu-ta:tkam= one with premonition tatatpan Vtr Distr (for Unit sgo see ta:pan; for plo see ta:tpan)
ex: Gi'ikpa 'amt o ho(<ha)tatatp g ku'ag. Each one of you will split logs in four places.

tatav Vintr [Neutr: def tatav. Interr: tatav[i]-him]: to shine (said of the sun)
ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu 'i ha tatav g ta. The sun did not shine at all Tp hems si'alim aha(<haha) vo tatav g ta. Perhaps tomorrow the sun will shine. Tatavhim 'o. It (the sun) is about to shine.

tatav-himdag NComp [loc: tatav-himdag-c-'e]: daytime (same as ta-himdag) tatk in ha'icu tatk NExpr aggreg: roots
kui-tatk NComp alien [1st pers sg -kui-tatk=ga]: mesquite roots (used as firewood) ko'ov-tatk NComp aggreg: a plant, desert-senna, rattle weed

tatk Stat [Neutr: indef tatk; concurs tatk-c]: to have roots, to be rooted
ex: Ge tatkc svink. It is firmly rooted (it has roots and it is firm).

tatk s- Stat: to have lots of roots

ex: Kui 'o statk. The mesquite has lots of roots.

tatkaj N inalien aggreg: roots (of a specified plant)

ex: hega'i tatkaj hega'i 'usaga: the (its) roots of that play stick

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tatkam/ ta'i tatkam N subst: one(s) with roots tatkam vu Stat Expr: to be one with roots
ex: D(<vu) 'o ge tatkam 'usaga c 'ab ke:k. My playing stick stands rooted there (is one with roots and it stands there). --D(<vu) 'o ge tatkam vasib hega'i kc 'am ka:c. My water container lies rooted there (is one with roots and lies there).

tatkt Vintr [Neutr: def tatkt. Interr: tatkta-him]: to become rooted, to shoot, grow roots
ex: T o tatkt. It will grow roots. Tatkt 'atk. It has grown roots. Tatktahim 'o. It is growing roots.

tatkvuig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see takvuig): to be full of yucca in various
locations

tatpan Vtr Repet (for Unit see ta:pan) sgo [Neutr: indef tatpan]: to split obj
ex: P hascukaj tatpan? With what did you split it?

tatpial see N tapial= piece of paper; newspaper; official document tatpial haulgiddam NExpr: newspaper boy (one who keeps throwing the papers for
somebody)

tatsa see N tatsa= cup tat see N ta= clock, watch tatga see Stat taga= to have a clock, a watch tattam Vtr plo (for sgo see ta:tam) [Neutr: def hort and indef tattam. Dur: tattama-d.
Interr: tattama-him]: to touch obj ex: 'Ali hatattam g gogogs. A child usually touches dogs. Pi g 'an hu hatattamad! Don't be touching them!

tattamko see N tatamko= jaw(s) tavogid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-tavog]: to shade one's eyes tavogidaku N: visor on a cap or in a car tavogs-vonom NComp: hat with a visor ta'atagio see Postp ta:gio ta'i see Vintr ta'ig= to back up

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ta'i/ ta:gio ta'i Adv [distr: ta:tai]: uphill, upstream, upward, face up
ex: Nt o ta'i 'i melc g ma:gina. I'll back up my car. Ta'i g ke: g 'ema:gina! Park your car upward! Ta'i g 'i kekiva! Stand back! ... c g 'evonom 'ab a ta'i da:k ... ... and having pushed his hat a little further back ... Ta'i 'o'odhamag. There are people upstream. Ta'i ia. He is looking upward. ... 'ab hab si ta:tai ul g 'e'i'ipu. ... they threw their skirts way up. Ta:tai eia. They are looking upward.

ta'ig Vintr [Neutr: def ta'i; hort ta'ig]: to back up

ex: Nt o ta'i. I'll back up. Ta'iga! Back up!

ta'iji Adv: from upstream, uphill

ex: Ta'iji hihim. They came from upstream.

ta'ikoag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-tataikoag]: to be steep (going uphill)

ex: a 'i sta'ikoag. It is quite steep (going uphill).

ta:-

ta:blo (Span: tpalo) N inalien indiv [pl: tatablo]: cloak, shawl ta:gio Postp. [distr: ta'atagio]: toward (no motion), in the way of/ in front of obj
ex: N(<'an) 'ap nta:gio ke:k. You are standing in front of me. Hega'i m'usaga 'om(<'am) nta:gio ke:k. Your playing stick stands in my way. Kutp heba'i ha'icu sta'e:bidam o 'o(<'e)ju: 'am 'emta:gio. Maybe sometime something frightening might happen in front of you. Heu'u, na 'a:i pi hib(<hab) cu'ig 'am nta:gio. Well, the same thing occurred to me. 'Im hab ha'i cu:c g ki:k huig ta:gio. There are some houses in the west.

ta:gio Stat tr [Neutr: indef ta:gio; def ta:gio=k. Dur: ta:gio=ka-d. Interr: ta:gio=ka-him]:
to be in somebody's way ex: Na 'an mta:gio? Am I in your way? N(<'an) 'ap nta:gio. You are in my way. Gam g hu him, 'in 'ap hu nta:gio! Get out of the way, you(sg) are in my way! N(<'an) 'ap ta:gio. You are in his way. N(<'an) 'ap hata:gio. You are in their way. N(<'an) nta:giokahim. It used to be in my way.

ta:gio Vtr [Neutr: def and hort ta:gio. Interr: ta:gio-him]: to get in somebody's way
ex: ... k pi ha'icu 'an hu o tta:gio. ... and nothing will get in our way. Pi g 'an hu nta:gio! Don't get in my way! Himk 'an ta:gio! Go and get in front of him! Hata:giohim 'o. He is getting in their way.

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ta:gioji/ ta:hadag ta:gioji Postp: from the direction of obj

ex: 'I 'a hu 'amje him si'alig ta:gioji. I came from the direction of the east.

ta:had s- Vintr [Neutr: def s-ta:had]: to have fun, to rejoice

ex: Pt o tve:m sta:had! You(sg) have fun with us! 'Am 'at o ge ha'icukaj sta:had g hemajkam. The people are going (hearsay) to have a big to-do there (to rejoice with an unusually big thing). ... c heba'i ha'icu 'am o sta:had ... ... and whenever there is a festivity ... Tt o sta:had. We'll rejoice.

ta:hadag s- Stat: to be joyful

ex: Nap sta:hadag? Are you(sg) joyful? Nam sta:hadag? Are you(pl) joyful? ... c hekaj 'am hab o sta:hadagk g te'i. ... so that our singing is joyful. Gami hu ge sta:hadag g hemajkam. Over there the people are joyful (unexpectedly).

ta:hadag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-tatahadag]: to be funny, amusing (same as s-ta-'a'askima)

ex: Heg 'o sta:hadag. He is funny. No sta:hadag? Is he/it funny? Papyyaso 'o statahadag. Clowns are funny.

ta:hadag hab Stat Expr impers intr: to feel a certain way

ex: B(<hab) ta:hadag mat 'ep o 'e'eopagad g nda:k. It feels like my nose is going to be bleeding again. 'A kut hascu has nju:? Pi hib(<hab) ta:hadag ma has nta:tk. What could possibly (surprise) have happened to me? I don't feel my usual self. B(<hab) 'o si ta:hadag mant o mmua. I feel very much like killing you (it feels very much that I will kill you). B(<hab) 'o a ta:hadag mat mu:. He feels as if he had died.

ta:hadag hab Stat Expr impers tr: to feel a certain way

ex: Pi hib(<hab) nta:hadag ma has nta:tk. I don't feel my usual self (it does not feel to me like what I usually feel). Pi hab tta:hadag mac has ttatatk. We don't feel our usual selves. Pi hib ta:hadag mo has tta:hadag. We don't feel our usual selves. na:nko ta:hadag Stat Expr impers tr: to feel despondent (a mixture of hunger, sadness, and lassitude) ex: Na:nko nta:hadag. I feel despondent. o'ig ta:hadag Stat Expr impers tr: to feel miserable ex: o'ig nta:hadag. I feel miserable. s'ap ta:hadag Stat Expr impers tr: to feel good, glad, happy ex: S'ap nta:hadag. I feel glad. No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'ap mta:hadag? Do you(sg) feel glad? Pi 'am hu 'i si s'ap nta:hadag. I do not feel very good. Va voho si s'ap ta:hadag matp 'ab je:j. Indeed, it feels good when they smoke it. pi 'ap ta:hadag Stat Expr impers tr: to feel bad, sad ex: Pi 'ap nta:hadag. I feel sad. Pi 'o 'ap ta:hadag. He feels sad.

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ta:hadam/ ta: ta:hadam s- Adv: amusingly, in a funny way

ex: Sta:hadam 'o iok. He talks in a funny way. Pi g 'am sta:hadam 'a:gad! Don't be making fun of me!

ta:hadam in Adv Expr: with a feeling of

pi 'ap ta:hadam Adv Expr: unhappily ex: Pi 'ap ta:hadam hab 'eju:. It was an unhappy event (it happened unhappily). s'ap ta:hadam Adv Expr: happily ex: S'ap ta:hadam hab 'eju:. It was a happy event (it happened happily). ... hekaj si s'ap ta:hadam o jiva 'am 'eki: 'am. ... so that he will return home happily. o'ig ta:hadam Adv Expr: miserably ex: o'ig ta:hadam hab 'eju:. It was a miserable event (it happened miserably).

ta:hadkam s- N subst: amusement, joy, fun

ex: B (<vab) 'i 'ai g sta:hadkam. I was overcome with amusement.

ta:hadkam vu s- Stat Expr: to be an amusing thing

ex: Vailla u sta:hadkam. Dancing is fun.

ta:hadkam subst N: feeling of

na:nko ta:hadkam NExpr: despondency (mixture of hunger, thirst, lassitude, sadness) ex: 'ab heba'i cum a 'ai g na:nko ta:hadkam. Somewhere (on his way back) despondency almost overcame him (hearsay). pi 'ap ta:hadkam NExpr: unhappiness, sadness, sorrow ex: ... hekaj gm hu hab 'i ju: g pi 'ap ta:hadkam. ... it (tobacco) removed sadness. s'ap ta:hadkam NExpr: happiness, well being o'ig ta:hadkam NExpr: feeling of misery

ta: Vdtr Unit (for Repet see tahae) [Neutr: def tai; indef and hort ta:; imper sgs
ta:i-; pls ta:-o. Correl: ta:-k; immed: ta:-ka-'i. Compl: ta:-ok; immed ta:-oka-'i. Dur: ta:i-d. Interr: ta:i-him]: to ask someone for obj ex: Napt 'am tai? Did you ask for it? M(<'am) 'at ntai. He asked me for it. B(<'ab) 'ant tai g kavyu-bayokaj. I'll ask him for his horse collar. M(<'am) 'apt 'ep o cum tai. You will try again to ask him for it. Nt o hema hatai g tai. I'll ask somebody for matches Ta:i, t(<kut) o mma:. Ask him for it, he will give it to you. M(<'am) g ta: g lial! Ask him for the money! Cum hekid 'o ha'icu nta:. He is always asking me for something. Hek 'a hu 'am ta:ihim. I have already been asking him for it. 'Ep o 'i nta:ihi g lial. He is going to ask me for money again (with interuptions). Ta:ida! Be asking him for it (every time)! B(<'ab) g ab 'i 'ta:id! Keep on asking him for it! kia ta: VExpr dtr: to borrow obj from somebody ex: Nt o kia tai g vakoj. I'll borrow his water container from him.

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ta:/ ta:ta ta: Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-tahae) [Neutr: def 'e-tai; indef 'e-ta:]: to be
asked for obj

ta:im see Vdtr ta:ime= to go and ask somebody for obj ta:ime Vdtr Unit sgs (for pls see ta:o) [Neutr: def ta:im; hort ta:ime]: to go and
ask somebody for obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)ta:im. I'll go and ask them (someone) for it.

ta:o Vdtr pls (for sgs see ta:ime) [Neutr: def and hort ta:o]: to go and ask
somebody for it ex: Tt o ta:o. We'll go and ask him for it.

ta:p see Vtr ta:pan= to split obj ta:p see Vreflex 'e-ta:pan= to split (oneself) ta:pan Vtr Unit (for Repet see tatpan; for Distr see tatatpan) sgo (for plo see ta:tpan) [Neutr: def ta:p; hort ta:pan; imper sgs ta:pana-. Correl: ta:pan-k; immed:
ta:pan-ka-'i. Compl: ta:pan-ok; immed: ta:pan-oka-'i. Interr: ta:pana-him]: to split obj ex: Nt o ta:p 'i:da'a ku'ag. I'll split this log. a:cukaj 'ap ta:panahim? With what are you(sg) splitting it (a long log)? M g ab 'i ta:panahid. Keep on splitting it (with interruptions)!

ta:pan Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-ta:tpan) [Neutr: def 'e-ta:p. Interr: 'e-ta:pana-him]:
to split, to crack ex: 'Eta:p 'at. It is split, cracked (it split itself). T o 'o(<'e)ta:p. It's going to split, crack. Kui 'eta:panahim. The tree is splitting (with interruptions).

ta:pa N indiv [sg (loc: ta:pa-c-'e); pl: ta:tpa]: split, crack, crevice ta:pa Stat sing [mult: ta:tpa]: to be split, to have a split, a crack, a crevice
ex: ... mo 'ob(<'ab) ta:pa hega'i vav. ... up where there is a crevice in the rock (where the rock has a crevice).

ta:sa (Span: tasa) N inalien indiv [pl: tatsa]: cup ta:t see Vtr ta:tam= to touch obj ta:t see Vreflex 'e-ta:tam= to experience a feeling ta:t see Vreflex 'e-ta:tam= to recover one's self control ta:ta see N ta= foot ta:ta see Stat ta= to have a foot

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ta:ta/ ta:tam ta:ta in cu:v-ta:ta NComp aggreg: a flower (jack rabbit feet; also called cu:vtapo)

ta:ta[a]gid Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-ta[a]gid) [Neutr: def 'e-ta:taag; indef
and hort 'e-ta:tagid. Dur: 'e-ta:tagida-d]: to move/ shake one's feet ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'eta:tagidad! Don't you(pl) be moving your feet! Pi g 'am 'eta:tagid. Don't move your feet!

ta:taaj/ ta:takaj see Adv taaj= on foot ta:taam see N takam= one with a foot ta:ta[a]n Vtr plo (for sgo see ta[a]n) [Neutr: def ta:ta; indef and hort ta:taan.
Dur: ta:taana-d]: to spread obj open ex: Nt o 'i hata:ta g pipilsa. I'll spread the blankets. 'I ta:taan g pipilsa! Spread the blankets! 'A hata:taa g pipilsa. I (usually) spread the blankets.

ta:taanc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see taanc): to have obj spread open ta:taa see Stat taa= to be spread, spread open ta:taa see Adj s-taa= wide ta:taa see Stat s-taa= to be wide ta:taa see Vtr ta:ta[a]id= to widen obj ta:ta[a]id Vtr plo (for sgo see ta[a]id) [Neutr: def ta:taa; hort ta:taid]: to
widen obj

ta:taim see N taim= spread ta:tai see Adv ta'i= up hill, upstream, upward, face up ta:tal see N tatal= mother's younger brother ta:talba see N tatalba= mother's deceased younger brother ta:talim 'e-N: a pair of mother's younger brother and nephew/niece ta:talim vu 'e- Stat Expr: to be mother's younger brother and nephew/niece to one
another

ta:tam (dial: ta:tam) N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg ta:tama-j; instr reflex 'e-ta:tamkaj); distr ta:ttam]: tooth, teeth

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ta:tam/ ta:tamcud
ex: ha'i g nta:tam= some of my teeth ves g nta:tam= all of my teeth -- Hema 'at vahava g nta:tam. He pulled out one of my teeth.-- Pi g 'an hu ki'ip g 'eta:tamkaj! Don't hold it with your teeth!

ta:tam Stat: to have a tooth, teeth

ex: Skeg ta:tam 'a. I have good teeth. Pi 'o ha ta:tam. He has no teeth.

ta:tam Vtr Unit (for Repet see tatam) sgo (for plo see tattam) [Neutr: def ta:t; hort
ta:tam. Correl: ta:tam-k; immed: ta:tam-ka-'i. Compl: ta:tam-ok; immed: ta:tam-oka-'i. Interr: tatama-him]: to touch obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o ta:t. I won't touch it/him. Jesus 'ab 'at ta:t. Jesus touched him. Pi g 'ab hu nta:tam! Don't touch me!

ta:tam hab/has Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ta:t. Correl: 'e-ta:tam-k; immed: 'e-ta:tam-ka-'i.
Interr: 'e-ta:tama-him]: with hab: to get, experience a certain (specified) feeling; with has: to get, experience a certain (unspecified or strange) feeling ex: Begi, 'am cum 'eta:t matp pi hib(<hab) ta:hadag g cu:kugaj. Well, he got the strange feeling that his body did not feel as usual. ... hegam 'o'odham mat 'ab 'al 'i: g navait k hab 'eta:t g 'enaumdag. ... those fellows who after drinking a certain amount of wine experience (their) drunkenness. pi 'ap 'e-ta:tam VExpr reflex [Neutr: def pi 'ap 'e-ta:t]: to feel bad, sad ex: ia c ghekaj 'am hab 'i pi 'ap 'eta:t hega'i viappoi. Well, because of that the boy felt sad. ... c 'am hi a(<va) pi 'ap nta:t mant 'ida hi a(<va) cum mce: kupt ababa pi hi:. ... and I feel sad that although I did find you, you did not come. si has 'e-ta:tam V Expr reflex: to experience happiness ex: ... hegam ves, mat hekid ka: 'i:da'a, si has 'eta:t. ... all of them, when they heard this, experienced happiness. s'ap 'e-ta:tam VExpr reflex [Neutr: def s-'ap 'e-ta:t]: to feel good, glad, to rejoice ex: ... hegam ves mat hekid ka: 'i:da'a si s'ap 'eta:t. ... all of them when they heard this rejoiced. Tt o s'ap tta:t. We will rejoice. S'ap nta:tamahim. I am beginning to feel glad (get over my sadness). Mac cum hekid s'ap tta:tamk heg hab u "sdoakam". When we always feel good that is what it is to be "in good health".

ta:tam Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-tatatam) [Neutr: def 'e-ta:t; hort 'e-ta:tam. Interr: 'eta:tama-him]: to recover one's self control ex: Napt 'eta:t? Have you recovered your self control? Nta:t 'ant. I have recovered my self control. Hemu 'ut(<'at) o a(<va) 'eta:t. Soon he will recover his self control. 'Eta:tama him. He is recovering his self control.

ta:tamcud Vtr [Neutr: def ta:tamc]: to make teeth for obj

ex: ... k 'an ta:tamc g ko'ov. ... and he made venom bags (teeth) for the rattlesnake.

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ta:tam-/ ta:tk ta:tam-kegcunaku NComp inalien indiv [pl: ta:tam-kekegcunaku): toothbrush,

toothpaste tube

ta:tam-ma:kai NComp: dentist ta:tam-ma:kai-ki: NComp(?): dentist's office ta:tam-sihovinaku NComp inalien aggreg: toothpick ta:tk hab/has Stat Expr reflex [sgs (Neutr: indef and def 'e-ta:tk; concurs 'e-ta:tk-c); pls:
'e-tatatk]: with hab: to feel a certain (specified) way; with has: to feel a certain (unspecified or strange) way ex: 'A ku a(<va) hemu 'am 'i 'emve:m sta:hadkahimc pi hab a 'i nta:tk mams hab o nju:. But (surprise) I have just now had so much fun with you, I don't understand (feel) how you can do that to me. ... k hab 'eta:tk mat o 'ip kia 'i'icudok aha(<haha) vo 'i ha'oi. ... and he feels that he should water him (his horse) first before he follows them. B(<hab) 'a a(<va) masma hab nta:tk. I feel the same way. ia kupt 'am o eidc hab ab o 'o(<'e)ta:tkadc 'am 'o (<vu) nsi:s ... Well, as you watch me there you will feel it is my older brother over there ... 'A kut hascu has nju:? pi hib(<hab) nta:hadag ma has nta:tk. What could possibly (surprise) have happened to me? I don't feel my usual self (the way in which I feel). Pi hib(<hab) tta:hadag mac has ttatatk. We don't feel our usual selves. a:p 'i 'i(<'e)ta:tkc hab 'eju:kc? How do you(sg) feel about your present situation (how do you feel as you are behaving)? pi has 'e-ta:tk Stat Expr: sgs: not to feel worried ex: Ku 'an meidc hekaj pi has a 'i nta:tk. I watch you, therefore I am not worried. pi 'ap 'e-ta:tk Stat Expr sgs: to feel bad, unhappy, sad ex: Pi 'i(<'a) 'ap nta:tk. I feel unhappy. Pi 'ap 'eta:tk. He feels unhappy. Pi 'ap 'etatatk heghekaj mat mua g haka:k. They are sad because they (people) killed their grandmother. s'ap 'e-ta:tk Stat Expr sgs [pls: s'ap 'e-tatak]: to feel good, glad, pleased ex: Nap 'am a(<va) s'ap 'eta:tk? Do you feel good? M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ap 'eta:tk. He feels good. S'ap nta:tk. I feel good. t hab s'ap 'eta:tkc hebi(<heba'i) o ki:k. thus feeling good he will live somewhere. Si 'int(<'ant) s'ap ta:tk 'i a 'i mei. I am very glad to have seen you(sg). S'ap nta:tk mnam. I am glad to have met you. o'ig 'e-ta:tk Stat Expr sgs: to feel miserable ex: o'ig 'a nta:tk. I feel miserable.

ta:tk s- Stat reflex sgs [pls: s'e-tatatk]: to have command over one's senses, to be in full
control of oneself ex: Nap s'eta:tk? Do you(sg) have command over your senses? M(<'am) 'a a(<va) snta:tk. I do have command over my senses. Nam s'etatatk? Do you(pl) have command over your senses?

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ta:tk/ ta:t ta:tk Stat tr: to have a premonition about obj

ex: (<'a) ab mta:tk mapt 'i o jiva. I had the feeling that you(sg) would come. (<'a) ab 'emta:tk mamt 'i o dada. I had the feeling that you(pl) would come. C(<'ac) ab mta:tk mapt 'i o jiva. We had the feeling that you would come.

ta:tk s-cu Stat sgs [pls: s-cu-tatatk]: to have a premonition

ex: Heg 'o scuta:tk. He has a premonition.

ta:tk in pi ha'icu ta:k Stat Expr sgs: to be immune to sickness or tiredness

ex: Heg 'o pi ha'icu ta:tk. He is immune to sickness (or tiredness).

ta:tkam in s'ap 'e-ta:tkam NExpr subst aggreg: one who feels good, glad, who has
never had any reason to be sad. ex: S'ap ta:hadkam 'an jevu da:m 'am havui g s'ap 'eta:tkam hemajkam! Peace on earth to the people who are happy! s'ap 'e-ta:tkam vu Stat Expr: to be one who feels good, glad ex: 'A:i 'a u s'ap nta:tkam. I am one who is happy.

ta:tkam s-cu N subst sg [pl: s-cu-tatatkam]: one with premonition ta:tkam vu s-cu- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-cu-tatakam]: to be one with premonition
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) scuta:tkam. He is one with premonition.

ta:tp see Vtr ta:tpan= to split obj ta:tp see Vreflex 'e-ta:pan= to split, crack (oneself) ta:tpan Vtr plo (for sgo see ta:pan) [Neutr: def ta:tp; hort ta:tpan]: to split obj
ex: Pt o ho(<ha)ta:tp. You(sg) will split them. Gi'ik 'apt o ho(<ha)ta:tp g ku'ag. You will split the logs in four pieces.

ta:tpan Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ta:pan) [Neutr: def 'e-ta:tp; indef 'e-ta:tpan. Dur: 'eta:tpana-d. Interr: 'e-ta:tpana-him]: to split, crack ex: T o 'o(<'e)ta:tp. They are going to crack.-- 'Eta:tpanahim 'o. They are about to split. Vo 'o(<'e)ta:tpanad. They are going to be splitting (saguaro fruits, when they are ripe).

ta:tpa see N ta:pa= split, crack, crevice ta:tpa see Stat ta:pa= to be split, to have a split, a crack, a crevice ta:t Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef ta:t. Correl: ta:t-k; immed: ta:t-ka-'i. Compl: ta:tok; immed: ta:t-oka-'i. Dur: ta:ta-d. Interr: ta:ta-him]: to split obj in several strands (beargrass or yucca which are used as foundation in basket-making)

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ta:t/ titina
ex: Nt o ha'i ta:t g takvui. I'll split some yucca (leaves). a:cukaj 'ap ta:t g moho? With what do you split beargrass? M g ab 'i ta:tad! Keep on splitting it! Ta:tahim 'a g moho. I have been splitting beargrass.

ta:t Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ta:t. Interr: 'e-ta:ta-him]: to split open (saguaro fruits when
they get ripe) ex: Ha'i 'ab 'i 'i(<'e)ta:t. Some up there had split open. 'Eta:tahim 'o. They are about to split open.

ta:ta N: act of splitting beargrass or yucca leaves (used for basket-making) ta:ta N inalien aggreg: material such as beargrass or yucca leaves in the process of
being split for basket-making

ta:ttam see N ta:tam= tooth, teeth ta:vlo V: to tie the score (in a game)
ex: Ta:vlo 'ott(<'att). We tied the score. Ta:vlo 'ot(<'at). They tied the score.

ta:vlo Vreflex impers: to get to be a tie (in a game)

ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-ta:vlo. It's a tie.

ti-

tianda see tianna= shop tianna, tianda, cianda (Span: tienda) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg tianna-j); pl:
titianna]: shop hekkam-tianna NComp [loc: hekkam-tianna-t-'an]: second hand store

tiannac'e-cikpandam NComp(?) aggreg: shop keeper titianda, titianna see N tianna= shop titina see N ti:na= tub, big basin

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ti:na/ toa ti:-

ti:na (Engl: tin) N inalien indiv [pl: titina]: tub, big basin tlatlalamba see N tla:mba= tramp tlalambag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of tramps in one location

tla:-

tla:mba (Engl: tramp) N indiv [pl: tlalamba]: tramp tlo-

tlologi see N tlo:gi= truck

tlo:tlo:gi (Eng: truck) N inalien indiv [pl: tlologi]: truck

totoa see Vtr to'av= to put obj somewhere toa see Adj s-to[h]a= white toa see Stat s-to[h]a= to be white

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toacu/ tobvi toacu (elis of *s-tohacu) N indiv [sg (loc: s-toacu-k-'e); pl: s-to:tacu ]: white one
ex: Stoacuk 'e 'ant o hi:. I'll bet on the white (in a game).

toa-cu:v[] NComp indiv [pl: to:ta-cu:v[]]: white jackrabbit toahim see Vintr toha= to become white toahim (elis of *tohahim) Vintr Interr impers: to be lightening and thundering
ex: Toahim 'o. It's lightning and thundering in the distance (with interruptions).

toak (elis of *s-tohak) s- Stat: there in a white spot

ex: B(<'ab) g ha 'iava g alcohol mo 'ob(<'ab) stoak 'aba'i. Pour some alcohol where there is a white spot (on me/him)!

toak s- subst: white place, spot toakadma (elis of *s-tohakadma) s- V subst intr sgs [pls: s-to:takadma ]: to appear to
be white (same as s-tohama) ex: Kus hab hi stoakadma. I thought it was white.

toakaj (elis of *s-tohakaj) s- Adv [pl: s-to:takaj]: white

ex: Stoakaj 'ant bidhu. I painted it white. Sto:takaj 'ant habibdhu. I painted them white. Scukuma sce:dag sto:takaj sce:pamag. It is dark blue with white dots.

Toa-Kuadam 'Oks N Expr(?): name of a mythological character toaya (Span; toalla; dial: tuaya) N inalien indiv [sg (instr: toaya-kaj); pl: totaya]: towel tobav N alien indiv [pl: totbav]: hawk tobdam N alien [1st pers pl: t-tobdam=ga]: hunt leader ( he calls the hunters and racers) tobid s- Adv [pl/distr: s-to'otbid]: unevenly, crookedly, twistedly tobid s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-tobidk); pls: s-to'otbidk]: to be uneven,
crooked, twisted ex: Stobid hega'i 'o'odham. That man is distorted.

tobid in s-tobid hikkumi'ok VExpr tr: to cut obj unevenly tobvi see Vtr tobvig= to twirl obj

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tobvig/ to[h]a tobvig Vtr [Neutr: def tobvi; hort tobvig]: to twirl obj
ex: Pt o 'i tobvi! You(sg) twirl it! M(<'am) g 'i tobvig! Could you(sg) twirl it!

tods see Vtr todsid= to startle obj tods see Vreflex 'e-todsid= to get startled todsid Vtr sgo (for plo see totodsid) [Neutr: def tods; indef and hort todsid. Correl:
todsid-k; immed: todsid-ka-'i. Compl: todsid-ok; immed: todsid-oka-'i]: to startle obj ex: Tods 'ant g noiga 'am gatvidk. I startled my horse by shooting off (my gun). Ntods 'apt. You(sg) startled me. Cum hekid ntodsid 'o. He startles me all the time.

todsid Vreflex sgs [Neutr def 'e-tods; indef 'e-todsid. Correl: 'e-todsid-k; immed: 'etodsid-ka-'i]: to get startled ex: a 'ant a(<va) 'i ntods 'am 'i ge:ok. I got startled when I fell down there. a 'ant a(<va) 'i ntods 'ab 'i eidok. I got startled when I saw him. ... masma vo:p mat heba'i g manayu vo 'o(<'e)todsidk. ... they ran like a herd of wild horses which have been startled. ... tp 'am ab 'i eidok gm hu a 'i si me: 'u:pam ab 'etodsidk. ... as soon as he saw it, he ran back there completely startled.

todsidame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see todsido) [Neutr: def todsidam; hort
todsidame]: to go and startle obj

todsido Vtr pls (for sgs see todsidame) [Neutr: def and hort todsido]: to go and
startle obj

to see Vintr tok= to snore, groan, growl tok Vintr sgs (for pls see totok) [Neutr: def to; indef and hort tok. Dur: toka-d]:
to snore, groan, growl ex: Gogs 'at o to. The dog will growl. Nap tok kokac? Do you snore when you are asleep? Pi 'i(<'a) hekid tok. I never snore. Pi 'i(<a) ha tok. I don't snore at all. Tok 'o kokac. He snores when he is asleep. Pi g 'am tokad! Don't be snoring (growling)!

to[h]a (dial: s-tu[h]a) s- Adj [pl: s-to:ta]: white

ex: stoha ma:gina= a white car sto:ta mamagina= white cars stoa ki:= a white house sto:ta ki:k: white houses sto:ta mo'o: white hair sto:ta u:k= a pair of white shoes sto:ta 'ega= white clothes

to[h]a (dial: tu[h]a) s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-to[h]a; def s-toa=k. Dur: s-toa=ka-d.
Interr: s-toa=ka-him); pls: s-to:ta]: to be white ex: ... 'am ge 'al stoha 'e'at 'ama'i. He has something whitish on his bottom (about a rabbit)

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to[h]a/ tohavsig toha (dial: tuha) Vintr sgs (for pls see to:ta) [Neutr: def toha. Interr: to[h]a-him]: to
become white ex: Tk o toha. It will get white. Tohahim 'o. It is getting white.

toha-bid NComp alien/ inalien mass: white clay toha-bidag s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of white clay in a single location toha-bidga s- StatComp: to have a lot of white clay toha-bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: white clay mixed with water toha-bid-va:ga s- StatComp: to have a lot of white clay mixed with water tohaj see Vtr tohajid= to whiten obj tohaj see Vreflex 'e-tohajid= to paint oneself white tohajid Vtr sgo (for plo see to:tajid) [Neutr: def tohaj; hort tohajid]: to whiten obj
ex: Tohajid 'a g nu:k. I put white polish on my shoe. --Tohaj 'ant. I whitened it.

tohajid Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-to:tajid): to paint one white design on oneself tohama s- Adv [pl: s-to:tam]: white, white-like
ex: Stohama 'ant vako. I bleached it (I washed it white). Sto:tam 'ant havapko. I bleached them. Stohama 'ant bidhu. I painted it white. Sto:tam 'ant habibdhu. I painted them white.

tohama s- V subst intr sgs [pls: s-to:tama]: to appear to be white (same as s-toakadma)
ex: K hab hi stohama. I thought it was white.

tohavs N alien aggreg: brittlebush (Encelia farinosa) tohavs N alien mass(?): brittlebush gum
ex: Tohavs 'a ki'iva. I am chewing brittlebush gum (made from the pitch of the brittlebush)

tohavsga Stat: to have brittlebush gum (used for chewing)

ex: Nap ge tahavsga? Do you have any brittlebush gum?

tohavsig (dial: tohavsag) s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of brittlebush in a single

location

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tohog[h]iogi/ Tohonotohog[h]iogi (met of *tohogihogi) Vintr: to become moldy (a liquid), cottony (a

fruit)

tohonno (assim of *tohonna) Vintr Repet (for Unit see ton[o]) [Neutr indef
tohonno. Dur: tohonnoa-d Interr: tohonnol[i]-him]: to flash, to shine off and on ex: B(<'ab) 'o tohonno. A light is flashing (an airplane, or a car on a highway with dips or curves, or lightning). Tohonnolhim. Lightning is striking coming this way. T o tohonnoad. It will be flashing (for a while). Hegam mo 'an 'i vuhhak mat o scuk mo 'ab 'al tohonno. (Stars are) those which come out when it's dark and twinkle.

tohonnolhim see Vintr tohonno= to flash/ shine off and on tohonnolid (assim of *tohonnalid) Vtr Repet (for Unit see ton[o]lid): to light/ give
light to obj repeatedly

tohonnolidaku see N tonlidaku= flashlight, lamp (instrument to give light) tohono Adv: on one's knees tohono Adv: in the desert
ex: Tohono 'o(<'a) ki:. I live in the desert. Gm 'a hu ki: tohono. I live over there, in the desert.

tohono-jevu NComp alien [1st pers pl: t-tohono-jevu=ga]: desert land

ex: Skegaj g tohono-jevu. The desert is beautiful.

tohono-jevu vu Stat Expr: to be a desert

ex: No (<vu) tohono-jevu? Is it a desert?

tohonoji Adv: from the desert

ex: Heg 'o gm hu 'amje him tohonoji. He comes from the desert.

Tohono-'O'odham NComp aggreg: the Desert People Tohono-'O'odham vu Stat Expr: to be the Desert People
ex: D(<vu) 'ac Tohono-'O'odham. We are the Desert People.

Tohono-'O'odhamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Desert People in one location

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tohoabid/ tokakam tohoabid/ tohoabad (redupl of *toabid) Adv: every summer, in summer
ex: Cum hekid 'ac piast tohoabid. Every summer we always have a feast. Tohoabid 'o sma:s g to:mog. Every summer the Milky Way is visible.

tohoid Vintr impers Repet (for Unit see toi) [Neutr: indef tohoid. Dur:
tohoida-d]: to get hot repeatedly (of the weather) ex: Da:m juhidk 'o tohoid. At noon it always gets hot.

tohoid/tohoad s- Vintr imper Repet (for Unit see s-toi): to get very hot
repeatedly (of the weather) ex: Toabk hi a(<va) stohoid. In summer it gets real hot repeatedly. Hemu 'ut(<'at) o stohoidad. Soon it will be getting real hot repeatedly.

tohoij s- Vtr impers Repet (for Unit see s-toij) [Neutr: indef s-tohoij]: to give
obj a fever repeatedly ex: Sntohoij 'o. I get a fever every time.

tohoijid Vtr Repet (for Unit see to[i]jid) [Neutr: indef tohoijid]: to heat up obj
repeatedly

toka see Vtr toka= to play doubleball against somebody toka see Vreflex 'e-toka= to play doubleball with each other toka N: doubleball (a game played only by women; also called tokaa and tokal)
ex: Nap sma:c g toka? Do you know (how to play) doubleball?

toka Vtr [Neutr: def toka; indef toka. Dur: tokaa-d. Interr: tokaa-him]: to play
doubleball against obj ex: Tt o ho(<ha)toka! Let's play doubleball against them! Hatokaahim 'ac. We have been playing doubleball against them.

toka Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-toka; indef 'e-toka. Dur: 'e-tokaa-d. Interr: 'e-tokaahim]: to play doubleball against each other ex: Tt o ttoka! Let's play doubleball against each other! 'E-'o-'etoka. They play doubleball against each other. Ttokaahim 'ac. We have been playing doubleball against each other. ... 'am vuak 'am a 'i 'i(<'e)tokaahim. ... having put it down (the ball) they played doubleball against each other for a while.

tokaa N: doubleball (a game played only by women; also called toka and tokal)
ex: Nap sma:c g tokaa? Do you know (how to play) doubleball?

tokakam s- N subst sg [pl: s-totkakam]: doubleball player

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tokao/ toki habehiddam tokao Vtr pls [Neutr: def and hort tokao]: to go and play doubleball against obj
ex: Tt o ho(<ha)tokao. We'll go and play doubleball against them.

tokal N: doubleball, a game played only by women (also called toka and tokaa)
ex: Nap sma:c g tokal? Do you know (how to play) doubleball?

tokalidkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-totkalidkam]: one good at playing doubleball tokalidkam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-totkalidkam]: to be one good at playing
doubleball ex: Heg 'o (<vu) stokalidkam. She is a good doubleball player.

tokalig s- Stat sgs [pls: s-totkalig]: to be good at playing doubleball tokdho N indiv [pl: totkdho]: spider
ex: Tokdho ki:t 'aba'i. The spider made its web up there.

tokdho vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu totkdho]: to be a spider tokdho-ki: NComp indiv [pl: totkdho-ki:k]: cobweb tokdho-vijina NComp: spider silk toki N alien mass [distr: totki]: cotton
ex: Hehe'es 'amt 'i be:bhe g toki? How much cotton did each one of you pick? B(<'ab) o 'i ha be:bhe g 'etotkiga! Each one of you will bring some of your cotton!

toki N aggreg: cotton (plant)

ex: Ha'i hio g toki. Some cotton bushes are in bloom.

toki-behedam NComp alien aggreg: cotton pickers (also called toki habehiddam) toki-beiku[-ma:gina] NComp indiv [pl: toki-beiku(-mamagina)]: cotton picker
(machine)

tokig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-totkig): to be full of cotton plants in a single
location

toki habehiddam NExpr aggreg: cotton picker(s) (one(s) picking cotton for
somebody)

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toki-/ tonko'icud toki-kostal NComp inalien [loc: toki-kostal-c-'e]: cotton sack (used in picking cotton) toki-lo:ba NComp inalien mass [3rd pers sg: toki-lo:ba-j]: cotton cloth toki-lo:ba StatComp: to have cotton cloth
ex: Nap ge toki-lo:ba? Do you(sg) have some cotton cloth?

toki-vijina NComp inalien: cotton rope toki-vijinat VComp tr: to make a cotton rope out of obj ton see Vintr ton[o]l= to shine tonck Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef tonck. Dur: toncka-d. Interr: toncka-him); pls: to:tonck]: to
be kneeling down ex: Tonck 'o. He is kneeling down. To:tonck 'o. They are kneeling down. Pt ab o tonckad! Stay on your knees! Mt ab to:tonckad! Stay on your(pl) knees!

tonckva Vtr Unit sing (for mult see totonckva) [Neutr: def and hort tonckva]: to
knock obj down with one's knee ex: Pt o 'i tonckva! Knock it down with your knee! Pt o tonckva. You(sg) are going to knock it down with your knee.

tonam s- Adj sg [pl: s-totondam]: shiny, bright

ex: stonam ta= the bright sun stonam cevag= a shiny cloud stotonam cevag= shiny clouds

tonam-hodai/ hodai-tonam NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -tonamhodai=ga); pl: totonam-hohodai]: ceremonial crystal (shiny stone)

tonhai see Vtr tonhain= to hit obj with one's knee tonhain Vtr sing (for mult see totonhain) [Neutr: def tonhai; hort tonhain]: to hit obj
with one's knee ex: Ntonhai. He hit me with his knee. Tonhaina! Hit him/it with your knee! Pi g 'an hu ntonhain! Don't hit me with your knee!

tonk see Vintr tonko'o= to get thirsty tonko'icud Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see tonomcud) [Neutr: def tonko'ic]: to make obj
get thirsty ex: Ttonko'ic ['at]. It made us get thirsty.

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tonko'o/ tonolhim tonko'o [s-] Vintr pls (for sgs see [s]-tonom) [Neutr: def tonk; indef tonko'o. Correl:
ton-k; immed: ton-ka-'i. Interr: tonko-him]: to become thirsty ex: Tonk 'att. We are thirsty. Tonkohim 'ac. We are getting thirsty. Koi 'at tonka'i. They have just died of thirst.

tonlidaku N inalien indiv [pl: tohonnolidaku]: flashlight, lamp (instrument to give

light)

tonlidc semi Stat tr [Neutr: indef tonlidc Dur: tonlidci-d]: to have obj lit
ex: ... t hekaj o ttonlidcid. ... so that it (the lamp) will keep us lit.

tonlidc semi Stat: to have the light on

ex: No 'om(<'am) 'etonlidc? Does he have the light on? ... kumt 'am o a(<va) 'eei mams hascukaj o 'o(<'e)tonlidc o 'oiyopod. ... and you will see for yourselves with what you will light yourselves as you go around.

tonlig N inalien [3rd pers sg tonolga-j]: light

ex: ... kut g tonolgaj 'an si ton have:gaj. ... and his light shone brightly around them.

tonlig s- Stat impers: to be light

ex: Mo cuhugc'e 'an 'i vuke mo hekaj stonlig. (The moon is) that which comes out at night and thereby it is light.

ton[o] (assim of *ton[a]) Vintr Unit (for Repet see tohonno) [Neutr: def ton; indef
tono. Correl: tono-k; immed: tono-ka-'i. Compl: ton-ok; immed: ton-oka-'i. Dur: tona-d. Interr: tonol[i]-him]: to shine ex: ... 'ab ab 'i cum ton g ma:sidag. ... as soon as dawn had shone. ... 'ab aha(<haha) ab 'i cum ton g si'alig. ... as soon as morning had shone. ... kut g tonolgaj 'an si ton have:gaj. ... and its (the sun) light shone brightly all around them. Ga hu 'o tono g mu:la. Over there shines a mule (a white or light mule). No 'om(<'am) tono? Is the light on? 'O ob(<vab) si tono. It shines very brightly. 'I 'at o a(<va) tonad g vepegi. The light will be on. Tonoka'ik cu:. It shone and went out. T 'ab 'i tonolhi k hab kaij g Jevu-Ma:kai ... After it had started being light the Earth Maker said ... Ma:sidag 'i tonolhi. It was getting to be dawn (dawn started to shine). Hi: 'at k 'am 'i tonolhi. He walked away and his light (or his white shirt) was shining off and on. Me: 'at k 'am 'i tonolhi. He drove away and his lights were shining off and on.

tonol see Vtr ton[o]lid= to light, give light to obj tonolgaj see N tonlig= light tonolhim see Vintr ton[o]= to shine

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ton[o]lid/ to ton[o]lid (assim of *ton[a]lid) Vtr Unit (for Repet see tohonnolid) [Neutr: def tonol;
indef and hort tonlid; concurs tonlid-c]: to light, give light to, obj ex: M(<'am) 'ant o 'i mtonol. I'll give you (some) light. 'I ntonlid! Give me (some) light! Hega'i mo 'an himadc hekaj ttonlid. (The sun is) that which goes in the sky and thereby gives us light.

tonom [s-] Vintr Unit (for Repet see tonommuk) sgs (for pls see tonko'o) [Neutr:
def [s-]tonom. Correl: [s-]tonom-k; immed: [s-]tonom-ka-'i. Interr: [s-]tonom[i]-him]: to become thirsty ex: a 'ant a(<va) 'i tonom. I am quite thirsty. ... cum 'as hebi(<heba'i) o tonom. ... no matter how thirsty he gets. Tonomhim 'a. I am getting thirsty. Mu: 'at tonomk. He died of thirst (having gotten thirsty).

tonomcud Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see tonko'icud) [Neutr: tonomc]: to make obj get
thirsty ex: Ntonomc ['at]. It made me get thirsty.

tonomdag N [instr: tonomdag-kaj]: thirst

ex: Tonomdag 'at hakokda. Thirst killed them. Tonomdagkaj 'at koi. They died of thirst.

tonomma s-ta Stat: to be thirst-producing

ex: 'On 'o statonomma. Salt is thirst producing. Statonommakahim 'in tohono-jevu da:m. There used to be thirstiness (it used to be thirst-producing) in the desert.

tonommuk Vintr Repet (for Unit see [s-]tonom) sgs: to become thirsty repeatedly tonva Vintr sgs (for pls see to:tonva) [Neutr: def and hort tonva. Correl: tonva-k;
immed: tonva-ka-'i. Compl: tonv-yok; immed: tonv-yoka-'i. Interr: tonvu-him]: to kneel down ex: Pt ab o tonva! Just kneel down! Pt o tonva g hemako 'o(<'e)to:nkaj! Kneel down on one of your knees! Tonvuhim 'o. He is about to kneel down. Tonvyoka'i! Kneel down first!

to s- N: heat
ex: Sto 'at o hiosc. The heat will make it bloom.

to s- Adj: hot to s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-to; def s-to=k. Dur: s-to=ka-d. Interr: s-to=ka-him]: to be
hot ex: Sto g hohodai. The stones are hot. Sto 'o g ta-himdag. The daytime is hot. Sto 'a c shapamac. They say that they are lazy because of the heat. Hemu 'ut(<'at) o a(<va) stok. Soon it will be hot.

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toabig/ toij toabig N: hot season, summertime (same as toab[]k and toabkam) toab[]k N subst: summertime (same as toabkam and toabig)
ex: ... mat hekid 'ab o 'i vuha g habahidag kumt o smai mo g toabk 'emiabidkahim. ... when their fruit comes out you(pl) will know that summer is approaching.

toab[]k Adv: in summer (same as toabkaj)

ex: Cum hekid 'ac piast toabk. We always have a feast in summer. Toabk 'o sma:s g to:mog. In summer the Milky Way is visible. g hema toabk Adv Expr: last summer

toabkaj Adv: in summer (same as toab[]k)

ves toabkaj Adv Expr: every summer ex: Ves toabkaj 'ac ha'icu 'e'ea. Every summer we plant seeds.

toabkam N subst: summertime (same as toab[]k and toabig)

ex: Nap shoho'id g toabkam? Do you like summertime?

to-hodai NComp alien mass [3rd pers sg to-hodai=ga-j]: lime powder

ex: Ba:pt ce: g to-hodai? Where did you put the lime?

toi Vintr impers Unit (for Repet see tohoid) [Neutr: def toi. Interr: toi-him]: to
get hot (of the weather) ex: Toi 'it(<'at) hemu. It's hot now. Toihim 'o. It's getting hot. Ba'ic 'i toihi. It got hotter and hotter.

toi s- Vintr impers Unit (for Repet see s-tohoid) [Neutr: def s-toi. Interr: s-toihim]: to get very hot (about the weather) ex: Stoi 'it(<'at) hemu. It's real hot now. Stoihim 'o. It's getting real hot.

toi Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see toti) [Neutr: def toi. Interr: toi-him]: to get obj hot
(said of the weather) ex: Ntoi! 'it(<'at). I am hot.

toij see Vtr ton[i]jid= to heat up obj toij s- Vimpers tr Unit (for Repet see s-tohoij) [Neutr: def s-toij. Interr: s-toijhim]: to give obj a fever ex: Nat smtoij? Do you have a fever? Sntoij ['at]. I have a fever. Tk o sntoij. I feel I am going to get a fever. Sntoijhim ['o]. I am getting a fever.

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to[i]jid/ toskoim to[i]jid Vtr Unit (for Repet see tohoijid) [Neutr: def toij; hort tonjid]: to heat up
obj ex: Nt o toij g u:dag. I'll heat up the water. Si g tonjid g u:dag! Heat the water up real hot! Ba'ic g 'i tonjid g u:dag! Heat the water up some more!

tok s- N subst: place where it is hot

ex: Pi g 'am ke:kad stok 'e, sto 'o. Don't stand in the sun, it's hot.

toma s- Adv: hotly, in a hot way

ex: Stoma me g hevel. The wind is hot (runs, blows hotly). a 'a(<'o) va 'i stoma meihim. The flame is quite hot (burning quite hotly).

tosko see Vintr tosko= to swell tosko see Vimpers tr tosko= to make obj swell toskoa Vintr sgs (for pls see totskoa) [Neutr indef toskoa]: to swell reiteratedly
ex: Cum 'o hekid toskoa. It swells all the time.

toskoncud Vimpers tr sgo (for plo see totskoncud) [Neutr: def toskonc; indef
toskoncud. Interr: toskoncuda-him]: to make obj get bloated ex: Ntoskonc ['at]. It made me get bloated. Ntoskoncud ['o]. It usually makes me get bloated. Ntoskoncudahim ['o]. I am getting bloated (with interruptions).

tosko Adj sg [pl: totsko]: swollen

ex: tosko takam: one with a swollen foot totsko ta:taam: one with swollen feet totsko vu:puikam: one with swollen eyes

tosko Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef tosko; tosko=k. Dur: tosko=ka-d. Interr: tosko=kahim); pls: totsko]: to be swollen ex: Tosko 'o g mo'oj. His head is swollen. T o sko'ok o toskok. It will be painful and swollen. T ab o 'i toskokad. It will remain swollen (keep on being swo:llen).

tosko Vintr sgs (for pls see totsko) [Neutr: def tosko. Interr: tosko-him]: to swell
ex: T o tosko. It's going to swell. Tosko 'ot(<'at). It is swollen. Toskohim 'o g ta. My foot is beginning to swell.

tosko Vimpers tr sgo [Neutr: def tosko]: to make obj swell

ex: T o mtosko. It will make you swell.

toskoig N: swelling toskoim (dial: toskonam) N subst sg [pl: totskoim]: one with a bloated stomach

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toskoim/totoba toskoim vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu totskoim]: to be one with a bloated stomach toskok N subst: a swollen place toskok Stat impers: there is a swollen place
ex: N(<'an) g 'i ndagimun 'ana'i mo 'on(<'an) toskok 'ana'i. Massage me where it is swollen.

totaya see N toaya= towel totbav see N tobav= hawk totkakam see N s-tokakam= doubleball player totkalidkam see N s-tokalidkam= one good at playing doubleball totkalidkam see StatExpr vu s-tokalidkam= to be one good at playing doubleball totkalig see Stat s-tokalig= to be good at playing doubleball totkdho see N tokdho= spider totkdhoag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tottkdhoag): to be full of spiders in
a single location

totki see N toki= cotton totkig Stat impers Distr: there are cotton fields in several locations here and there totkig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-tokig): to be full of cotton plants/ cotton
fields in various locations

totlo see N to:lo= bull totloga see Stat to:loga= to have a bull toti Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see toi) [Neutr: def toti. Interr: toti-him]: to get obj hot
(the weather)

totob Vtr plo (for sgo see to:b) (Neutr: def hort and indef totob]: to twist obj
ex: Vo 'i hatotobk o 'i havap'u! Having twisted them, give them a pull!

totobaku see N tobaku= faucet totoba Vtr sgo [Neutr: indef totoba]: to twist obj several times
ex: 'I totoba g ov. He twists my arm again and again.

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totobc/ toto totobc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see to:bc) [Neutr: indef totobc. Dur: totobci-d]: to have
obj in a twisted position

totobig see Stat impers to:big= there is a cottontail rabbit somewhere totobig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of cottontail rabbits in one location totobiga see Stat to:biga= to have a cottontail rabbit totob see N to:b= cottontail rabbit totodsid Vtr plo (for sgo see todsid) [Neutr: def totods; indef and hort totodsid]: to
startle obj ex: Ttotods 'apt. You(sg) startled us. Cum hekid ttotodsid. He startles us all the time.

totok Vintr pls (for sgs see tok) [Neutr: def toto; indef and hort totok. Dur:
totoka-d]: to snore, groan, growl ex: Gogogs 'at o toto. The dogs will growl.-- Totok 'o ko:kc. They snore as they sleep.

Totogua N aggreg: name of an 'O'odham dialect group Totoguaig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of Totogua people somewhere totonckva Vtr Unit mult (for sing see tonckva) [Neutr: def and hort totonckva]: to
knock obj down with one's knees

totonam see Adj s-tonam= shiny, bright totonam-hohodai see NComp tonam-hodai= ceremonial crystal totonhain Vtr mult (for sing see tonhain) [Neutr: def totonhai; hort totonhain]: to hit
object with one's knees

totontam see Adv s-to:ntam= crazily totonto see N to:nto = crazy one totontoag see Stat to:ntoag= to be crazy totonto'og see Stat to:nto'og= to be crazy toto N aggreg [distr: totto]: ant(s)
cuck-toto NComp aggreg: a variety of ants (black ants) vepeg-toto NComp aggreg: a variety of ants (red ants) 'a'al-toto NComp aggreg: a variety of ants (baby ants) 'a'anam-toto NComp aggreg: a variety of ants (winged ants)

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totoig/ totagig totoig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tottoig): to be full of ants in a single
location

totova see N tova= turkey totovag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-tottovag): to be full of turkeys in a single
location

totp see Vintr totpk= to boil totpk Vintr [Neutr: def totp indef totpk. Dur: totpka-d. Interr: totpka-him, totpk[i]-him]:
to boil (food; for liquids see ku'ivo) ex: No totpk g hido? Is the stew boiling? Si totpk. It is boiling hard. No totpkahim? Has it been boiling? Hemu 'ut(<'at) o totp. Soon it will boil. Totpkhim 'o. It is boiling (with interruptions).

totps see Vtr totpsid= to make obj boil totpsid Vtr [Neutr: def totps; indef and hort totpsid. Dur: totpsida-d. Interr: totpsidahim]: to make obj boil (food; for liquids see ku'ivoid) ex: Nt o totps. I'll make it boil. M(<'am) g 'i totpsid! Make it boil!

totskoa Vintr pls (for sgs see toskoa) [Neutr: indef totskoa]: to swell
ex: Cum 'o hekid totskoa. They swell all the time.

totskoncud Vimpers tr plo (for sgo see toskoncud) [Neutr: def totskonc]: to make
obj get bloated

totsko see Adj tosko= swollen totsko see Stat tosko= to be swollen totsko Vintr pls (for sgs see tosko) [Neutr: def totsko. Interr: totsko-him]: to swell
ex: Pi g 'am oakad, t o totsko g mvu:pui! Don't be crying, your eyes are going to swell! Toskohim g nta:ta. My feet are beginning to swell. B(<'ab) 'atk totskohi g mvu:pui. Your eyes have started to swell.

totskoim see N toskoim= one with a bloated stomach totskoim see Stat Expr vu toskoim= to be one with a bloated stomach totagig Stat impers: there is foam somewhere
ex: 'An totagig. There is foam (as on the water).

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totagig/ to'akcim totagig s- Stat: to be foamy, full of foam

ex: Stotagig 'o g u:dag. The water is foamy. Stotagig 'o g avo. Soap is foamy.

totag N mass: foam, bubbles totag[] Stat: to have foam at the mouth
ex: Kavyu 'i totag 'in 'eci 'an. The horse has foam at the (his) mouth.

totag Vintr [Neutr: def totag. Interr: totag[]-him]: to become foamy ( as soap or a
fermenting liquid)

tottkdhoag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-totkdhoag): to be full of spiders in
various locations

tottlo see N to:lo= bull totto see N toto= ant(s) tottoig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-totoig): to be full of ants in various
locations

tottovag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-totovag): to be full of turkeys in various
locations

tova N indiv [pl: totova]: turkey to'a[k]c semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see cekc) [Neutr: indef and def to'akc. Dur to'akci-d.
Interr to'akc=ka-him]: to have obj put, placed somewhere ex: P heba'i to'akc g 'egaj? Where do you keep his clothes? 'am to'ac/to'akc 'ehuaom 'ea. He had (hearsay) them (the roots) in his pouch. G hu hab 'i ha'u'apak 'am hato'akc. He brought them back home and kept them there. ... matp 'am hato'akc hegam gi'ik 'u'uv. ... who keeps these four girls there. 'Ea 'an a(<va) to'akc g'u'usaga vatto da:m. At the time they kept their doubleball sticks on top of the ramada. 'Am 'ant o to'akc 'am o u:kudad. I'll keep them there and watch them. 'Am 'ant o to'akcidc 'am o u:kudad. I'll be keeping them there and will be watching them.--.... heg'ea 'am hab hato'akc ha'icu hako'ojid. ... they keep them (their birds) in there and kill things for them. 'I 'ant o to'akcid 'am huaom 'ea. I will be keeping them in my pouch. M g to'akcid 'ehevhogidaku 'ea! Could you keep them in your refrigerator! 'Am cum to'akckahim 'ehuaom 'ea. He used to keep them in his pouch.

to'akcim in ha'icu to'akcim NExpr: keeper of something (referring to indiv nouns in

the plural; when referring to indiv nouns in the singular see ha'icu cekcim) ya:v-to'akcim NComp: the keeper of keys

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to'aku/ to'av to'aku in ha'icu to'aku NExpr [pl: ha'icu to:ta'aku]: container, box (referring to
mass nouns or individual nouns in the plural; when referring to individual nouns in the singular see ha'icu cekku) gev-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: ice box je:jena-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: cigarette box viv-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: tobacco box u:dag-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: water container (jug, bottle) 'ega-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: closet 'o'ohon-to'aku NComp inalien indiv: bookcase 'o'ovick-vi:pi'idag-to'aku NComp(?) inalien indiv: ashtray

to'av Vtr Unit (for Repet see to'avup) plo or mass o (for sgo see cek-) [Neutr: def toa;
hort toa-'i; imper sgs to'a-; indef to'av. Correl: to'a-k; immed: to'a-ka-'i. Compl: to'-ok; immed: to'-oka-'i. Interr: to'a-him. Dur: to'ava-d]: to put, pour obj somewhere ex: 'Am 'apt o toa ha'ac'e! Pour it (the water) in the olla! Hekid 'ab 'i ceadka'i 'am 'u:pam 'ep o toa hega'i 'e:'e Right after you have climbed out (of the water) pour my blood back! ... 'ab 'u'uk 'i hab 'i toa g 'ege:gev. ... having taken his winnings, he put them down. Ba:nt o toa g nu:k? Where shall I put my pair of shoes? Ba:nt o toa g ncikpanaku? Where shall I put my tools? 'Ab 'apt o toa! Put them up there! 'Am g toa'i ki:c'ea! Could you put them inside the house! M(<'am) g toa'i mi:sa da:m! Could you put them on the table! 'I g toa'i! Could you put them here! M(<'am) g 'ep ha toa'i! Could you pour some more of it (water)! M(<'am) g ha'i toa'i g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e k 'an o va:k 'olhainc'e! Could you put some buns in the breadpan and put the pan in the oven! Pi g 'am hu cum toa'i hega'i lial hegvui! Don't try to offer him that money (put that money to/toward him)! c ha'i 'ep matt 'an da:m o 'i to'ahi. and some more logs we will put on top of her (with interruptions). M g ab 'i to'ahid! Keep on putting them there (with interruptions)! c gda:m 'am hato'ak 'am hagev g hohodaikaj. and having put them on top of it they covered them with stones. 'Am 'i to'ahimka'ik gm hu hi:. Right after he had been putting them there he left. S'ap o to'ok aha(<haha) vo vaccvi! Arrange (your clothes) and then go swimming! 'Atk o 'evuhioa-vakonk 'am to'av g u:dag 'im vakonakuc'e. In order to wash his face he pours water in the wash basin. P heba'i to'av g 'edadaiku mat hekid o ju:. Where do you put your chairs when it rains? P heba'i to'av g u:dag? Where do you pour the water? Mo hekid 'i a jijjivha g Kenneth 'an 'u''u g ya:v ma 'an to'avc gm hu hihhim. When Kenneth comes, he gets the keys where I put them as I go out. M g ab 'i to'avad g u:dag 'am vakonakuc'ea! Keep on putting water in the basin! u:dk to'av VExpr dtr: to fill obj with something ex: u:dk 'ant toa g 'o'ohon g kavhon. I filled the box with books. 'aigo to'av VExpr tr: to turn obj over ex: M g 'a'aigo 'i hatoa'i! Could you turn each one of them over! Pt o 'aigo 'i hato'avad! Be turning them over!

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to'av/ to'ok to'av Vtr plo (for sgo see cek-) [Neutr: def toa]: to bet obj
ex: ... k ves 'am toa. ... and he bet all of it (his money). T 'am ha'icu 'ep toa hega'i uv. Buzzard bet some more things.

to'avdam in ha'icu to'avdam NExpr aggreg: one(s) who put(s) something

somewhere continually pa:n-to'avdam NComp alien [1st pers pl: t-pa:n-to'avdam=ga]: bread deliverer

to'avdam in 'U:pam-To'avdam NComp(?): a nickname (the-one-who-keepspouring-it-back?)

to'avup Vtr (Repet) (for Unit see to'av) plo and masso (for sgo see cecka) [Neutr:
indef to'avup. Dur: to'avupa-d. Interr: to'avupa-him]: to put/ pour obj somewhere repeatedly ex: Nt o to'avupad g u:dag 'am vakonakuc'e ves takaj. I'll be putting water in the basin every day.

to'i see Vdtr to'id= to put obj somewhere for somebody to'i see Vdtr to'id= to bet obj against somebody to'i see Vreflex tr 'e-to'id= to bet obj against each other to'icid Vdtr [Neutr: def, indef and hort to'icid. Dur: to'icida-d]: to have obj put
somewhere for somebody ex: Pt o nto'icid. Keep them for me there! M(<'am) g nto'icid 'egev-ki: 'e! Could you keep them for me in your refrigerator! M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) mto'icidad. I will be keeping them for you(sg) there (continually).

to'id Vdtr plo and masso (for sgo see cekid) [Neutr: def to'i; hort to'id]: to put/ pour obj
somewhere ex: M(<'am) 'ant 'ep o ho(<ha) mto'i. I'll pour you some more of it (a liquid). 'I ha nto'id! Pour me some of it! G nto'id g vi:b! Pour me milk!

to'id Vdtr plo (for sgo see cekid) [Neutr: def to'i]: to bet obj against somebody
ex: Napt o nto'i? Are you going to bet them against me? 'Ab g 'i nto'id! Make your bet (with these things) against me!

to'id Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-to'i; hort 'e-to'id. Correl: 'e-to'id-k; immed: 'e-to'id-ka-'i]: to
bet obj against each other ex: ia k 'oia 'am hab aha(<haha) 'i 'ep 'eto'i 'ep. Well, then they bet again against each other.

to'ok, to'oka'i see Vtr to'av= to put obj somewhere

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-to'olvadag/ to:b -to'olvadag N: fruits of (various types of chollas)

ciolim-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: fruits of the ciolim cholla hanam-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: fruits of the hanam cholla kokav-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: fruits of the kokav cholla vipnoi-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: fruits of the vipnoi cholla

to'olvadag s- Stat: to have a lot of fruits (of the various types of chollas)
ex: Sto'olvadag 'o hega'i ciolim. That cholla has a lot of fruits.

to'olvadaj N inalien: fruit of one of the various types of chollas to'otbid see Adv s-tobid= unevenly, crookedly, twistedly to'otbidk see Stat s-tobidk= to be uneven, crooked, twisted to'oto'onk see N to:nk= ridge, dike to'oto'onk see Stat impers to:nk= there is a ridge, a dike somewhere to'oto'onk s- Stat impers: to be full of ridges, dikes (same as s-to'oto'onkag)
ex: Sto'oto'onk 'o 'ama'i. There are lots of ridges down there.

to'oto'onk[a]d Vintr mult (for sing see to:nk[a]d) [Neutr: def to'oto'onka; hort
to'oto'onkad. Interr: to'oto'onkda-him]: to make dikes, borders ex: Tt o to'oto'onka 'i:ya'a. We are going to build dikes here.

to'oto'onkag see Stat to:nkag= there is a ridge, a dike (somewhere) to'oto'onkag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of ridges, dikes (same as s-to'oto'onk) to'oto'onkdaku see N to:nkadaku= instrument to make borders, dikes to:-

to:b Vtr Unit sgo (for plo see totob) [Neutr: def, hort and indef to:b. Correl: to:b-k;
immed: to:b-ka-'i. Compl: to:ba-yok; immed: to:ba-yoka-'i. Interr: to:ba-him. Dur: to:bad.]: to twist obj ex: Pt o 'i to:b! You(sg) will twist it! Pt o to:b g nnov. You are going to twist my arm. Pi g 'am to:b! Don't twist it! To:bahim g vijina. He is twisting (spinning) the rope. Nt o 'i to:bahi g vijina. I'll twist (spin) the rope. Vo to:bahidc o va'unahid. Be twisting it and pulling at it (with interruptions)! M(<'am) apt o va'unk o to:bad! After you have pulled it, be twisting it (with interruptions)!

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to:baku/ to:n to:baku N indiv [pl: totobaku]: faucet to:bc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see totobc) [Neutr: indef to:bc. Dur: to:bci-d]: to have
obj in a twisted position ex: Pt o 'i to:bcid! Keep it twisted! ..matp 'i to:bc 'ab si vancku:p. ..having it twisted he keeps pulling at it (the rope) real hard. M(<'am) 'apt o to:bc o va'u. Have it twisted and give it a pull (at the same time)!

to:big Stat impers sing [mult: totobig]: there is a cottontail rabbit somewhere to:biga Stat sing [mult: totobiga]: to have a cottontail rabbit to:b N alien indiv [pl: totob]: cottontail rabbit to:lo (Span: toro) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg n-to:lo=ga); pl: totlo; distr: tottlo]: bull to:loga Stat sing [mult: totloga]: to have a bull to:m Vintr [Neutr: def to:m. Interr: to:mi-him]: to bear fruits out of the regular season,
to give a second crop ex: Vat o to:m g nala. The orange tree(s) will bear fruits out of season.

to:m[]dag in ha'icu to:m[]dag NExpr: second crop

kui-to:m[]dag NComp(?): second crop of mesquite beans

to:m[]dag Stat: to have, bear, a second crop

ex: Vat o to:mdagk hega'i kui. That mesquite will have a second crop.

to:m[]dag s- Stat: to have, bear, an abundant second crop

ex: Vat o sto:mdagk hega'i nala. That orange tree will have an abundant second crop.

to:m[]daj N inalien: second crop of a specified plant (its second crop) to:mog N: Milky Way
ex: Toabik 'o sma:s g to:mog. In summer the Milky Way is visible.

to:n (dial: to:) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: to:na-j; instr: to:n-kaj, reflex: 'e-to:nkaj); pl: to:ton]: knee; knot, ring (of a reed) ex: Si vepegi g to:tonaj. His knees are (got) red. Pt o tonva g hemako 'eto:nkaj! (You sg) genuflect (kneel down with one of your knees). 'ovick-to:n NComp: ceremonial cigarette 'uack-to:n NComp: ceremonial cigarette

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to:nam/ to:nto to:nam N subst sing [mult: to:tonam]: one with a knee
ex: tosko to:nam= one with a swollen knee totsko to:tonam= one with swollen knees ge'ege to:tonam= one with big knees

to:nk N indiv [pl: to'oto'onk]: ridge, dike

ex: Smu'ij g to'oto'onk 'ama'i. There are lots of ridges down there.

to:nk Stat impers [sing (Neutr: indef and def to:nk); mult: to'oto'onk]: there is a ridge, a
dike somewhere (same as to:nkag) ex: ... 'an ge gi'ikpa to'oto'onk. ... in four places there are ridges. No 'om(<'am) ha'i to'oto'onk? Are there some ridges down there?

to:nka see Vintr to:nk[a]d= to build a dike, a border to:nk[a]d Vintr sing (for mult see to'oto'onk[a]d) [Neutr: def to:nka; hort to:nkad.
Interr: to:nkda-him]: to make a dike, a border ex: T o hema to:nka 'i:ya'a. They are going (hearsay) to build a dike here. G hu 'o 'oimmec to:nkdahim. He is over there building a dike. 'Am g 'i to:nkdahid! Be building (with interruptions) a dike down there!

to:nk[a]daku N indiv [pl: to'oto'onkdaku]: instrument, equipment for making dikes

or borders

to:nkag Stat impers sing [mult: to'oto'onkag]: there is a ridge, a dike, somewhere (same
as to:nk) ex: 'An ge to:nkag. There is a ridge. 'An ge to'oto'onkag. There are ridges.

to:nk[a]jid Vtr sing [Neutr: def to:nkaj; hort to:nkjid]: to build a dike, a border for
somebody ex: Napt o 'i himk 'am o 'i nto:nkaj? Will you come and build me a dike down there?

to:n-ke:kcug VComp intr sgs: to stay on one's knees in a moving object

ex: (<'a) ab to:n-ke:kcug. I just stay on my knees (in a truck full of people).

to:nc semi Stat tr sing (for mult see to:tonc) [Neutr: indef to:nc. Dur: to:nci-d]: to
have one's knee on obj

to:ntam s- Adv [pl: s-totontam]: crazily

ex: Sto:ntam iok. He talks crazily. Stotontam eiok. They talk crazily.

to:nto (Span: tonto) N sg [pl: totonto]: crazy one

ex: to:nto keli= crazy old man

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to:ntoag/ to:tajid to:ntoag Stat sgs [pls: totontoag]: to be crazy (same as to:nto'og)
ex: 'Id 'o to:ntoag. He is crazy. 'Idam 'o totontoag. They are crazy. a 'ap a(<va) to:ntoag. You are quite crazy.

to:nto maad NExpr: the month of February (crazy moon) to:nto'og Stat sgs [pls: totonto'og]: to be crazy (same as to:ntoag)
ex: 'Id 'o to:nto'og. He is crazy. 'Idam 'o totonto'og. They are crazy.

to:ta see Adj s-to[h]a= white to:ta see Stat s-to[h]a= to be white to:ta Vintr pls (for sgs see toha) [Neutr: def to:ta. Interr: to:ta-him]: to become white
ex: To:tahim 'o g mo'o. My hair is getting white. Kut 'oia ab 'i to:tahi hegam hemajkam. Then those people started to get whiter and whiter.

to:ta-bavig s- StatComp impers Unit: to be full of white tepary beans in one location
ex: Sto:ta-bavig 'am tiannat'am. There are a lot of white tepary beans at the store.

to:ta-baviga s- StatComp: to have a lot of white tepary beans

ex: Sto:ta-baviga 'a. I have a lot of white tepary beans.

to:ta-bav NComp alien aggreg [3rd pers sg to:ta-bavi=ga-j]: white tepary beans
ex: Mu'ij g to:ta-bav 'am tiannat'am. There are a lot of white of tepary beans at the store.

to:ta-bav vu StatExpr: to be white tepary beans

ex: Sbaviga 'a k u to:ta-bav. I have a lot of beans which are white tepary beans.

to:ta-cu:vig/cu:vag s- StatComp impers Unit to be full of white jackrabbits in one

location ex: Sto:ta-cu:vig 'ama'i vo'oak 'oidc. It's full of white jackrabbits down in the valley.

to:ta-cu:v NComp: white jack rabbit to:tajid Vtr plo (for sgo see tohajid) [Neutr: def to:taj: indef and hort to:tajid]: to
whiten obj ex: Hato:taj g 'ekakio. He painted his legs white. To:tajid 'a g nu:k. I put white polish on my shoes.

to:tajid Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-tohajid): to paint several white designs on
oneself

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to:tajid/ tu:go
ex: ... 'in 'eno:nhai 'an 'ep 'eto:tajidk. ... after also painting his arms white (painting himself white on his arms).

to:takadma see Vintr s-toakadma: to appear to be white to:ta-kaikam NComp alien aggreg [(1st pers sg n-to:ta-kaikam=ga); distr: to:takakaikam]: a variety of melon seeds (one(s) with white seeds)

to:takaj see Adv s-toakaj= white to:tam see Adv s-tohama= white to:tama see Vintr s-tohama= to appear to be white to:ta-vihol NComp alien aggreg [(1st pers sg n-to:ta-vihol=ga); distr: to:ta-vipiol) : a
variety of peas

to:ta'aku see N to'aku= container to:ton in 'o'ok-hato:ton NComp aggreg: a variety of cantaloupe (old women their
knees)

to:ton see N to:n= knee to:tonam see N to:nam= one with a knee to:tonck see Stat tonck= to be kneeling down to:tonc semi Stat tr mult (for sing see to:nc) [Neutr: indef to:tonc. Dur: to:tonci-d]:
to have one's knees on obj

to:tonva Vintr pls (for sgs see tonva) [Neutr: def and hort to:tonva; imper: to:tonv-yo.
Correl: to:tonva-k; immed: to:tonvu-ka-'i. Compl: to:tonv-yok; immed: to:tonv-yoka-'i. Interr: to:tonvu-him.]: to kneel down ex: Mt o to:tonva! You(pl) will kneel down! To:tonvuhim 'o. They are about to kneel down. To:tonvyo! You(pl) kneel down! To:tonvyoka'i! First you(pl) kneel down!

tu:-

tu:go (Span: tnica?) N inalien indiv [pl: tutugo]: dress

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va/ vacum[]cud vava see Part va'a vab Part: just, completely
ex: b 'i huu= just before sunset --Pt ab o je:j! Just go ahead and smoke (don't worry about me)!-- 'Am ab jeg. It's open country -- Ciij ab hab 'i sgak. Her mouth was parched (just dry).-- Pi ok u a 'i 'uv k 'an ab 'i dagto ha'icu! She is no lady, she left everything in a mess (just left things)!

vababa Part: but vaciho N inalien indiv [pl: vapciho; distr: vappciho]: mixing bowl vacihot Vtr sing (for mult see vapcihot): to make a mixing bowl out of obj
ex: Nt o hema vacihot 'i:da'a. I'll make a mixing bowl with this.

vack see Vintr vapcum= to get under water, drown vackig Stat impers Unit sing [mult: vapckig]: there is a charco, pond somewhere
ex: ... g hu jiva jevu da:m matp 'am heba'i vackig. ... he arrived above the ground where there was a charco.

vack/ vack N alien indiv [sg (loc: vack-t-'am) pl: vapck]: pond, charco (same as
vo'o) ex: Ba: 'o hega'i vack? Where is that charco? Ba: 'o hegam vapck? Where are those charcos?

vacko'icud see Vtr vapcumcud= to drown obj vacuk N: hematite (it is ground and used to polish pots or as ceremonial paint on masks
and clothes)

vacum[] Vintr Unit (for Repet see vacummuk) sgs (for pls see vapcum) [Neutr:
def vacum[]. Interr: vacum[]-him/ vacuma-him]: to get under water, to drown ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) vacum. You will drown. Vacumhim 'o. He is drowning.

vacum[]cud Vtr sgo (for plo see vapcumcud) [Neutr: def vacum; hort vacumcud]:
to drown obj ex: Pt o vacumc g mi:tol. You will drown the cat. 'Oi g vacumcud! Go ahead and drown it!

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vacummuk/ vac[u]viop vacummuk Vintr Repet (for Unit see vacum[]) sgs (for pls see vapcummuk)
[Neutr: indef vacummuk]: to get under water repeatedly

vac[u]vi Vreflex [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'e-vac[u]vi. Dur: 'e-vac[u]vi-d. Interr: 'evac[u]vi-him; concurs 'e-vac[u]vi-him-c]: to swim ex: Nt o vacvi. I'll take a swim. Tt o tvacvi. We'll take a swim. 'A ku pi hekid ha'icu hub(<hab) vua ma vacvi. But (surprise) never has anything like that happened to me when I am swimming. 'I 'o hob(<hab) 'evacvihim. He is swimming this way. Nap 'evacvihim? Have you been swimming? ... 'am o 'o(<'e)vacvihimc 'am hekid o 'i 'i(<'e)na:tok gm hu 'up(<'ep) o hi: 'u:pam. ... she will swim there until, having finished, she will go back home again. Shoho'id 'a mant o vacvid. I'd like to swim.

vac[u]vi Vreflex impers Unit (for Distr see 'e-vapc[u]vi) [Neutr: def and indef 'evac[u]vi]: there is swimming in one location

vac[u]vi N: swimming
ex: Nap sma:c g vacvi? Do you(sg) know how to swim?

vacuvidag s- Stat sgs: to be good at swimming vacuvidag s-ta-Stat sgs: to be really good at swimming vac[u]viku N indiv [pl: vapc[u]viku]: swimming pool
ex: Mu'ij 'o g vapcviku. There are lots of swimming pools.

vac[u]vim see Vreflex 'e-vac[u]vime= to go swimming vac[u]vime Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vac[u]vimme) sg and pls (see also 'evac[u]viop) [Neutr: def 'e-vac[u]vim; hort 'e-vac[u]vime]: to go swimming
ex: Napt o 'o(<'e)vacvim? Are you(sg) going to go swimming? Namt o 'o(<'e)vacvim? Are you(pl) going to go swimming?

vac[u]vimme Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vac[u]vime) [Neutr: indef 'evac[u]vimme]: to go swimming repeatedly ex: vacvimme 'a ves domig. I go swimming every Sunday. Tvacvimme 'ac ves domig. We go swimming every Sunday.

vac[u]viop Vreflex pls (see also 'e-vac[u]vime) [Neutr: def 'e-vac[u]vio; indef 'evac[u]viop]: to go swimming ex: Namt o 'evacvio? Are you people going to go swimming? Tvacviop 'ac ves domig. We go swimming every Sunday.

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vadadk/ vag vadadk Adv sg [pl: va'apdadk]: shiny, bald

ex: vadadk mo'okam= bald-headed one va'apdadk mo:mim: bald-headed ones

vadadk Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef vadadk); pls: va'apdadk]: to be shiny, bald
ex: u:dag 'am vo'oc si vadadk. The water reflects the sun (as it lies there, it is very shiny).

vadadka Vintr sgs (for pls see va'apdadka) [Neutr: def vadadka. Interr: vadadkahim]: to become shiny, bald ex: Vadadkahim g mo'oj. He is getting bald (his head is getting shiny).

vadadkad Vtr sgo (for plo see va'apdadkad) [Neutr: def and hort vadadkad]: to
shine obj (same as vadadkaid or vadadkajid) ex: Nt o vadadkad g nu:k. I'll shine my shoes.

vadadkai see Vtr vadadkaid= to shine obj vadadkaid Vtr sgo (for plo see va'apdadkaid) [Neutr: def vadadkai; hort
vadadkaid]: to shine obj (same as vadadkad or vadadkajid) ex: Nt o vadadkai g nu:k. I'll shine my shoes (one pair).

vadadkaj see Vtr and dtr vadadkajid= to shine obj; to shine obj for somebody vadadkajid Vtr and dtr sgo (for plo see va'apdadkajid) [Neutr: def vadadkaj; hort
vadadkajid]: to shine obj (same as vadadkad or vadadkaid); to shine obj for somebody

vaag in ha'icu vaag NExpr inalien mass sing [mult: ha'icu ha-vaag/ havap[a]ag]: juice cu:kug-vaag NComp(?) alien mass: meat juice nala-vaag NComp(?) alien mass: orange juice 'ia-vaag NComp(?) alien mass: saguaro fruit juice

vaag s- Adj sg [pl: s-vap[a]ag]: wet; fresh

ex: svaag bid= wet clay; svaag cu:kug= fresh meat; svaag hu: = fresh (green) corn

vaag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-vap[a]ag]: to be wet; to be fresh

ex: Si svaag 'o. It is very wet (or fresh). Nu:k 'o svapag. My shoes are wet. Nuuk 'o svapag. My shoes (several pairs) are wet.

vag N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: vag=ga-j; loc: vag-c-'e[a]); pl/distr: va:pag]: hole,
burrow

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vag/ vahamma
hia vagga NExpr: tarantula burrow nahagio vagga NExpr sg [pl: nanhagio ho(<ha)-va:pagga]: mouse hole elig vagga NExpr sg [pl: eelig ha-va:pagga]: prairie dog burrow

vag Stat impers Unit sing [mult: va:pag]: there is a hole, a burrow somewhere
ex: ... 'am vagga mam eid g hia-ki: mat 'am o vagkad jevuo. ... there it has a burrow where you see the tarantula's house where there is a hole in the ground.

vagga Stat sing [mult: va:pagga]: to have a hole, burrow

ex: Hia ge vagga. The tarantula has a burrow.

vagima s- Stat [sgs (indef s-vagima. Interr: s-vagima=ka-him. Dur: s-vagima=ka-d);

pls: s-vapagima]: to be industrious ex: Spamakahimc hemu svagima. He used to be lazy but now he is industrious.

vagimatalig N: desire to work, industry vagiva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def and hort vagiva]: to pull and let go of obj (as when pulling
the trigger of a gun)

vagiviku N inalien indiv [pl: vapagiviku]: slingshot vag:da (Span: vaquita) N inalien indiv [pl: vapggida]: transmission belt vag:ya (Span: vaquilla) N alien indiv [pl: vapggiya]: milk cow vagt Vintr sing (for mult see va:pagt) [Neutr: def, indef and hort vagt; imper sgs
vagta-, pls vagt-o. Correl: vagt-k; immed: vagt-ka-'i. Compl: vagt-ok; immed vagt-oka'i. Interr: vagta-him. Dur: vagta-d]: to dig a hole ex: Nt o hema vagt. I'll dig a hole. M g ha vagt! You dig some (for a while)! Va: 'o hob(<hab) 'oimmec vagt. He is down there digging a hole. ..hega'i do'ag matp 'am ab gahi magka 'am vagtka'i. .. that mountain which she just pierced through by digging a hole. .. 'ab hab cum aha(<haha) 'i vagtahimk 'oia gm hu ab gahi magka hega'i do'ag. ..then having tried in vain to dig a hole there she just pierced through that mountain.

vagta[i]ku N inalien indiv [pl: va:pagta[i]ku]: shovel vaha see haha vahamma see N vama= snake

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vahammaag/ vahu vahammaag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-vamaag): to be full of snakes in
several locations

vahammacud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vamacud) [Neutr: def 'e-vahammac]:
to turn into snakes

vahammig Vintr Repet (for Unit see vam[i]g-) sgs [Neutr: indef vahammig. Dur:
vahammiga-d]: to get up repeatedly ex: Pi 'o hejel vahammig. He never gets up by himself. Si 'i huhuukc 'am si 'i vahammig. It keeps going way down and way up (about a bird or an airplane). Nt o vahammigad ves si'alig 'ab cu:dp 'o:la 'e. I'll get up every morning at 6.

vahammigid Vtr Repet (for Unit see vamgid) sgo [Neutr: indef vahammigid]: to
make obj get up repeatedly ex: Gi'ikho 'om(<'am) 'i cum vahammig hega'i 'eve:nag. Four times he tries in vain to make his brother get up.

vahava Vtr Unit (for Repet see vahavup) sgo (for plo see vau[li]g) [Neutr: def and
hort vahava. Interr: vahavu-him]: to take obj off, to pull (a tooth) out ex: Vahava g 'evonon 'ab 'uv vui! Take off your hat in the presence of a lady! Hema 'at vahava g nta:tam. He pulled out one of my teeth.

vahava Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vahavup) sgs (for pls see 'e-vau[li]g)
[Neutr: def 'e-vahava. Interr: 'e-vahavu-him]: to come off ex: 'Evahava g nta:tam. My tooth came off. Vesig 'am 'evahava. All of it came off. 'Evahavuhim g nta:tam. My tooth is loose (about to come off).

vahavup Vtr Repet (for Unit see vahava) sgo (for plo see vaug) [Neutr: indef
vahavup. Dur: vahavupa-d. Interr: vahavupa-him]: to take obj off repeatedly ex: Heg 'o cum hekid vahavup g 'evonom. He always takes his hat off.

vahavup Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vahava) sgs (for pls see 'e-vaug) [Neutr:
indef 'e-vahavup. Dur: 'e-vahavupa-d]: to come off repeatedly ex: 'E-'o-'o(<'e)vahavup. It comes off each time.

vahu see Vtr impers s-vahu= to make obj sweat vahu s- Vtr impers Unit (for Repet see s-vap[h]u) sgo (for plo see s-va:p[h]u)
[Neutr: def s-vahu. Interr: s-vahua-him]: to make obj sweat ex: 'I 'it(<'at) svahu. I sweat (it made me sweat). 'I 'o svahuahim. I am sweating (it is making me sweat).

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vahudag/ vaik[h]o vahudag N inalien [(3rd pers sg: vahuda-j); distr: va:p[h]udag]: perspiration, sweat vahudag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-va:p[h]udag]: to sweat a lot
ex: a 'a a(<va) 'i svahudag. I sweat a good deal. Hegam 'o sva:pudag. They sweat a lot.

vahulig (dial: s-vahutalig) s- Stat sgs: to be sweat producing vai see Vtr vaid= to call, ask to come, invite vaid Vtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see vappaid) [Neutr: def vai; indef and hort vaid;
imper sgs vaida-, pls vaid-o. Correl: vaid-k; immed: vaid-ka-'i. Compl: vaid-ok; immed: vaid-oka-'i. Dur: vaida-d. Interr: vaida-him]: to call, ask to come, invite obj ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i vai. I'll ask him to come. B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i havai. I'll ask them to come. Kutp 'am 'ep himk 'am hab o vai. He went there again in order to ask him to go there. ..havaid mat 'am o 'o(<'e)hemapa g hemajkam. .. he invites the people to gather there. M(<'am) 'o 'i mvaid g hemajkam. The people are asking you to go there. 'am mvaid mapt o himk 'am o 'i tve:mt. ..they invite you to go there and help us. 'I vaid! Ask him to come! B(<'ab) g 'i 'ep havaid! Ask them again to come! 'Ab o 'i vaidka'i! Have him come over here! 'Am o himk 'ab o 'i vaidka'i! Go there and have him come over here! B(<'ab) g ab 'i vaidad! Keep on asking him to come here!

vaid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vai]: to get called, asked to come, invited
ex: Kut 'i 'i(<'e)vai g Jesus. Jesus was invited.

vaidas Stat: to be called, asked to come, invited

ex: ... heghekaj mo mu'i 'i vaidasc ababa pi mu'i vo 'o(<'e)'ui. ... because while many are asked to come, not many are taken.

vaik Num [distr: va'avaik]: three

ex: va'avaik: three by three gamai vaik: thirteen gokko vaik: twenty-three vaikko vaik: thirty-three

vaika N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vaika-j); pl: vapaika]: ditch
ex: B(<ab) g 'i ge: vaika gahi! Come across the ditch!

vaik[h]o Adv subst: three times, third time

ex: ..hekaj vaiko 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'i ge: u:dagc'ea. .. she jumps in the water for the third time. ..ghekaj vaiko 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'i toa. ..he bet for the third time. gamai vaik[h]o: thirteen times

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vaik[h]o/ vaillam vaik[h]o hemako Adv Expr: thirty-one vaikhon da:m Adv Expr subst: three times in a row vaik[h]o vestmm Adv Expr: thirty (three times ten) vaikokam vu Stat Expr: to be the third time vaikpa Adv subst: in three places
ex: ... gm hu ku:gid 'am vaikpa vo 'ol(<'al) je:jega. ... on its upper end, she will pierce three holes (she will make holes in three places).

vailla (Span: bailar, baile) N: dance, dancing

ex: Nap sma:c g vailla? Do you know how to dance? Nap shoho'id g vailla? Do you like dancing?

vailla (Span: bailar, baile) Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef vailla. Interr: vailla-him. Dur:
vailla-d]: to dance with obj ex: Vailla 'ant hega'i. I danced with him. M 'ant a(<va) si vailla g Jonis. I danced a lot with Johnny.

vailla Vreflex sing (for mult see vapailla): to dance with each other (one couple)
ex: Tt o tvailla! Let's dance! 'E-'o-'o(<'e)vailla. They are dancing. vaillahim 'a. I have been dancing. Nap shoho'id mapt o 'o(<'e)vaillad? Would you like to dance (for a while)?

vailla Vreflex impers: there is a dance

ex: avai 'e 'at o ge 'evailla. I hear that this coming Saturday there is going to be a dance (unexpectedly). Ves avai 'e 'evailla. Every Saturday there is a dance.

vailladam 'e- N subst aggreg: a couple of dancers. vailladam vu 'e- Stat Expr: to be a couple of dancers
ex: Hegam o (<vu) 'evailladam. They are a couple of dancers.

vaillaku N inalien indiv [pl: vapaillaku]: dance floor vaillaku Stat impers sing [mult: vapaillaku]: there is a dance floor ex:
'Am 'o ge vaillaku. There is a dance floor over there (unexpectedly).

vaillam see Vreflex 'e-vaillame= to go to a dance

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vaillame/ vainomvaillame Vreflex sgs Unit (for Repet see 'e-vaillamme) [Neutr: def 'e-vaillam;
hort 'e-vaillame]: to go to a dance (one couple) ex: Napt o 'o(<'e)vaillam? Will you(sg) go to the dance? Nt o vaillam. I'll go to the dance. Tt o tvaillam. We'll go to the dance.

vaillamme Vreflex Repet (for Unit see vaillame) [Neutr: indef e-vaillamme]: to
go to a dance repeatedly ex: Cum hekid 'a vaillamme avai cuckaigad. I go to a dance every Saturday night.

vaillop Vreflex pls (see also vaillame) [Neutr: def 'e-vaillo]: to go to a dance
(several couples) ex: Tt o tvaillo. We'll go to a dance.

vainomga Stat sing [mult: vapainomga]: to have a knife

ex: Staa vainomga. He has a wide knife.

vainomig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of metal, iron in a single location vainom[] (dial: vainam[]) N mass: metal, iron
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) hikc g vainom. I'll cut a strip of metal (some metal). shavk-vainom[] NComp(?): aluminum (light metal) skovk vainom[] NExpr: hard metal smoik vainom[] NExpr: soft metal vepegi-vainom[] NComp mass: electric wire, wiring 'aj-vainom[] NComp mass: wire, wiring

vainom[] (dial: vainam[]) N alien indiv [pl: vapainom[]: sheet/ piece of metal/ iron
ex: Nt o hikumi'o g vainomga. I'll cut my sheet of metal into pieces. Nt o ho(<ha)hikumi'o g vapainomga. I'll cut my sheets (pieces) of metal into pieces. ku'iom-vainom[] NComp alien indiv: chain vepegi-vainom[] NComp alien indiv: roll/ piece of electric wiring 'aj-vainom[] NComp alien indiv: roll/ piece of wire

vainom[] (dial: vainam[]) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vainom=ga-j; instr: vainomkaj); pl: vapainom[]; distr: vappainom[]]: knife

vainom-kalit NComp indiv [pl: vainom-kaklit]: train (metal wagon) vainom-kolaa NComp: an insect, June bug

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vainom-/ vakc vainom-vo:g NComp indiv [sg (loc: vainom-vo:g-t-'an, vainom-vo:g-c'e[a]); pl:
vainom-vopog]: railroad track (metal road) ex: 'O cikpan 'an vainom-vo:gt'an. He works on the railroad track.

vainom-vo:gt VComp reflex impers (Unit) sing: to be built (about a railroad track)
ex: 'Evainom-vo:gtahim. A railroad track is being built.

vaip[h]ia see N vavhai= well vaip[h]iag see Stat impers vavhaig= there is a well vaip[h]iaga see Stat vavhaiga= to have a well vaip[h]iat Vintr mult (for sing see vavhait): to build wells
ex: Nt o ha'i vaipiat. I'll make some wells.

vaipi see Stat s-vavi= to be sated vaipi see Vtr vaipiid= to quench the thirst of obj vaipi Vintr pls (for sgs see vavi) [Neutr: def vaip; hort vaipi; imper: vaipii-o.
Correl: vaipi-k; immed: vaipi-ka-'i. Compl: vaipii-ok; immed: vaipii-oka-'i]: to quench one's thirst, to get sated ex: Namt vaip? Are you(pl) sated? 'Oi g o vaipi! Go ahead and quench your thirst! Vaipihim 'ac. We are getting sated.

vaipi Vtr impers plo (for sgo see vavi) [Neutr: def vaip]: to quench the thirst of obj
ex: Pi 'it(<'at) o tvaip. It will not quench our thirst.

vaipiid Vtr plo (for sgo see vaviid) [Neutr: def vaipi; hort vaipiid]: to quench the
thirst of obj ex: M g 'i havaipiid! Quench their thirst! ia k hema 'am o 'i vaipiidc 'am 'i 'o'oid ... Well, one after the other will quench the thirst (of their horses) and rejoin the others ...

vaipiig see Stat s-vavig= to be cooling, refreshing, thirst quenching vaip see Vintr vaipi= to be sated vaip see Vtr impers vaipi= to quench the thirst of obj vaivul N: a plant vakc see Vtr vakck= to soak obj vakc see Vreflex 'e-vakck= to get soaked, wet

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vakcek/ vakei vakcek (met of *vakcke) Vtr [Neutr: indef vakcek]: to soak, wet obj reiteratedly
ex: Nap havakcek g 'e'ega kc aha(<haha) havapkon? Do you(sg) soak your clothes before (and) you wash them?

vakcid Vdtr [Neutr: def hort vakcid. Dur: vakcida-d]: to soak obj for somebody; to cook
obj (dried meat which needs to be soaked) for somebody ex: Kutt heg 'am o vakcid g 'ali. We'll cook that (dried meat) for the child. Nt o 'op(<'ip) ha'icu 'emvakcid. First I'll cook something (some kind of dried meat) for you(pl).

vakck Vtr (Unit) [Neutr: def vakc; indef and hort vakck; imper sgs vakcka-]: to soak,
wet obj once ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vakc g 'ega. I'll soak the clothes. M g vakck! Soak it! M(<'am) g 'i havakck g 'ega! Soak the clothes! 'Am 'o vakck g 'ega. She is over there soaking the clothes. Mac hekaj ha'icu vakck. (Water is) that with which we soak things.

vakck Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vakc]: to get soaked, wet (once)

ex: vakc 'ant. I got soaked.

vakcka N inalien [1st pers sg: -vakcka]: things that are soaked, or in the process of
being soaked

vakcka-cu'i NComp alien mass [1st pers sg: -vakcka-cu'i=ga]: pinole flour (made
with wheat that is put in water and roasted while still damp)

vakckas Stat: to be soaked vake Vtr [Neutr: def, hort and indef vake. Correl: vake-k; immed: vake-ka-'i. Compl:
vake-yok; immed vake-yoka-'i. Dur: vake-d. Interr: vake-him.]: to squeeze, milk, obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vake g haiva. I'll milk the cows. G 'i ha vake g nala! Squeeze some orange juice! Ga 'a(<'o) hu havake. He is over there milking (them). Gokho vake ta 'ab. He milks it twice a day. Nt o 'op(<'ip) vakeyok! Wait until I am through milking it! M g ab 'i havaked! Keep on milking them!

vakei N: act of milking, of squeezing

ex: Nap sma:c g vakei? Do you know how to milk?

vakei N inalien aggreg [distr: vapkei]: milk in a container that has just been milked,
juice in a container that has just been squeezed ex: Ba:pt dai g vakei? Where did you put my bucket of milk? Ba:pt dad g vakei? Where did you say that you put my buckets of milk?

vakei see Vdtr vakeid= to squeeze/ milk obj for somebody

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vakeid/ vako vakeid Vdtr [Neutr: def vakei; hort and indef vakeid; Dur: vakeida-d]: to squeeze, milk,
obj for somebody ex: Nt o ho(<ha) mvakei g nala. I'll squeeze you some orange juice. M g ha vakeid g nala! Could you squeeze me some orange juice! Ves sisialmad 'a havakeid g nala. Every morning I squeeze them orange juice. Ves sisialmad, m(<'am) 'apt o tvakeidad g nala. Every morning you will squeeze us orange juice.

vakeime Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def vakeim; hort vakeime]: to go and milk obj vakeipa Vintr Unit (for Distr see vapkeipa) [Neutr: def vakeipa. Interr vakeipa-him]:
to come back from milking ex: Vakeipa 'ant. I just came back from milking. Vakeipahim 'o. He is on his way back from milking.

vakeipa Vintr Unit (for Distr see vapkeipa) [Neutr: def vakeipa. Compl:
vakeipa-ok; immed: vakeipa-oka-'i]: to come back from one's milking chore ex: Nt o 'ip vakeipa. First, I'll come back from my milking chore. Nt o 'ip vakeipaok. Wait until I come back from my milking chore (and then I'll do it).

vakeipa Vintr Unit (for Distr see vapkeipa) [Neutr: indef vakeipa; concurs
vakeipa-c. Dur: vakeipaa-d; concurs vakeipaad-c]: to come back from milking ex: P hekid 'i vakeipa? When do you usually come back from your milking chore? M(<'am) 'a 'ip vakeipac aha(<haha) gegusid. First, I come back from my milking chore and then I eat. Ves takaj, m(<'am) 'apt o vakeipaadc aha(<haha) vo 'o(<'e)gegus. Everyday you'll come back from your milking chore and then you'll eat.

vakei Vdt Unit [Neutr, indef vakei. Dur: vakeia-d]: to squeeze, milk, obj for
somebody reiteratedly ex: Ves sisialmad 'a havakei g nala. Every morning I squeeze them orange juice. Ves sisialmad, m 'apt o tvakeiad g nala. Every morning, squeeze us orange juice.

vake Vtr [Neutr: indef vake. Dur: vakea-d]: to squeeze, milk, obj reiteratedly
ex: Gokho vake ta 'ab. He milks it twice a day. Ves sisialmad, m(<'am) 'apt o ho(<ha)vakead g haiva. Every morning you will milk the cows.

vakial (Span: vaquero) N alien indiv [sg(3rd pers sg: vakial=ga-j); pl: vapkial]: cowboy vako see Vtr vakon= to wash obj vako N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: vako-j; loc: vako-t-'ab, vako-c-'ea); pl: vapko]:
water container, gourd, canteen

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vako/ vakomic
ex: Nt o kia tai g vakoj. I'll borrow his water container. B(<'ab) g 'i ha va'igid 'ab vako 'ab. Put some of it (water) in my gourd! lo:na-vako NComp inalien indiv [sg (loc: lo:na-vako-c-'e); pl: lo:na-vapko]: canvas water bag

vako vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vapko]: to be a water container, gourd, canteen
ex: ... 'id u 'ep vako mo (<vu) 'O'odham havapko. ... this too is a canteen; they are the canteens of the 'O'odham.

vakok Adj sg [pl: va'apkok]: curved, bowed (same as vakois)

va'apkok kakiokam N Expr: bow-legged one

vakok Stat [sgs (indef and def vakok. Dur: vakoka-d. Interr: vakoka-him); pls:
va'apkok]: to be curved, bowed (same as vakois) ex: Si 'i vakok. It is curved. 'I va'apkok. They are curved (the branches of a tree).

vako-ha'u NComp: coloquinte dipper vakois Adj sg [pl: vapkois]: curved (same as vakok)
vapkois kakiokam N Expr: bow-legged

vakois Stat [sgs (indef vakois; Interr: vakois-him, vakois=ka-him); pls: vapkois]: to be
curved (same as vakok) ex: Vakoishim 'o. It is getting curved (a river bank). Vakoiskahim 'o. It used to be curved.

vakolig/ vakoliv N: south

ex: vakolig/vakoliv ta:gio= southward, in the direction of the south(no motion) vakolig/ vakoliv vui= toward the south (with motion)

vakomagi Vintr [Neutr: def vakomagi. Interr: vakomagi-him]: to get dried out, faded vakomagidag in ha'icu vakomagidag NExpr: something dried out, faded
ku'ag-vakomagidag NComp(?): a dried out piece of wood lo:na-vakomagidag NComp(?): a faded piece of cloth

vakomag[] s- Stat [sgs (indef s-vakomag; def s-vakomag=k); pls: s-vapkomag[]]: to

be dried out (wood); to be faded (a piece of material)

vakomic see Vtr impers s-vakovimcud= to make obj feel like excreting

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vakon/ vako vakon Vtr sgo (for plo see vapkon) [Neutr: def vako; hort and indef vakon; imper sgs
vakona-, pls vakon-o. Correl: vakon-k; immed: vakon-ka-'i. Compl: vakon-ok; immed: vakon-oka-'i]: to wash obj; to baptize obj ex: Pal 'at o vako g 'ali. The priest is going to baptize the baby. P he'ekio 'i vakon g 'emo'o domig 'ab? How many times a week do you wash your hair?

vakon Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapkon) [Neutr: def 'e-vako; indef and hort 'evakon]: to wash oneself; to get baptized ex: 'E-g-'evakon! Wash yourself! 'E-'o-'evakon. He is washing himself. Napt 'evako? Have you been baptized? Mat g 'o'odham o 'ebidk o 'evako. When a person has gotten dirty he washes himself. hon-vakon VComp reflex: to take a bath (to wash one's body) mo'o-vakon VComp reflex: to wash one's hair vuhioa-vakon VComp reflex: to wash one's face

vakona N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vakona-j); pl vapkona]: something in the
process of being washed or just washed ex: Nt o hel g vakona. I'll hang up my wash (one thing). Nt o ho(<ha)heheli g vapkona. I'll hang up my wash (several things).

vakonadag s Stat sgs: to be good at washing vakonadagkam N subst: one good at washing vakonaag N [loc: vakonaag-t-'ab]: baptism
ex: 'ab vakonaagt'ab= by means of baptism.

vakonaku N inalien indiv [pl: vapkonaku]: basin (instrument to wash something in)
hon-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv: bathtub (instrument to wash body in) huhas-haha'a-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv: sink (instrument to wash dishes in) no:nhai-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv: wash basin (instrument to wash hands in) vuhio[a]-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv: wash basin (instrument to wash face in)

vakonas Stat sgs [pls: vapkonas]: to be washed; to be baptized

ex: Nap vakonas? Are you baptized?

vako N sg [pl: vapko]: baptized person vako vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vapko]: to be a baptized person
ex: 'A:i 'a u vako. I am a baptized person. Hegam 'o (<vu) vapko. They are baptized persons.

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vako/ vak:lag vako see Vdtr vakoid= to wash obj for somebody vakoid Vdtr sgo (for plo see vapkoid) [Neutr: def vako; indef vakoid. Dur:
vakoida-d/vakonda-d]: to wash obj for somebody

vakova/vakuva Vintr sgs (for pls see vapkova) [Neutr: def vakova]: to have
diarrhea, to excrete liquid stools ex: Vakova 'ant. I have diarrhea (I excreted liquid stools).

vakovadam/vakuvadam N sg [pl: vapkovadam/ vapkuvadam]: one who has

diarrhea

vakovadam/vakuvadam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu vapkovadam/ vapkuvadam]: to

be one who has diarrhea ex: Nap u vakovadam? Do you(sg) have diarrhea? 'A:i 'a u vakovadam. I have diarrhea. Nam u vapkovadam? Do you(pl) have diarrhea?

vakovidag/ vakovadag/ vakuvadag N: diarrhea

ex: Vakovidag 'at 'ai. I got diarrhea (diarrhea reached me).

vakovimad/ vakuvimad Vtr sgo (for plo see vapkovimad) [Neutr: def and hort
vakovimad, vakuvimad]: to squirt on obj ex: vakuvimad 'at g 'ali. The baby squirted on me.

vakovimcud/ vakuvimcud s- Vtr impers sgo (for plo see s-vapkovimcud)

[Neutr: def s-vakovimc, s-vakuvimc]: to make obj feel like excreting, to give obj diarrhea ex: Svakovimc 'at. I feel like excreting.

vakovc see Vtr impers vakovcud= to make obj get diarrhea vakovcud/ vakuvcud Vtr impers sgo (for plo see vapkovcud) [Neutr: def
vakovc; indef vakovcud]: to make obj get diarrhea ex: Nat mvakuvc? Do you(sg) have diarrhea (did it give you diarrhea)? No mvakuvcud? Do you usually have diarrhea (does it usually give you diarrhea)?

vak:la N aggreg [distr: vapk:la]: driftwood

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g vak:la. I saw some pieces of driftwood (in one location).

vak:lag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-vapk:lag): to be full of driftwood in
one location

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vakus/ vakut vakus N: flat surface; anything with a thin and spreading surface that one uses to sit or
lie down on (a mat, a blanket, a piece of cloth, a towel) ex: Vakus da:m 'o vo'o. It is lying on the floor. Tapial 'apt 'am o va:pakut vakus da:m. You will spread paper on the floor (in different rooms). hodai-vakus NComp inalien: cement floor huk-vakus NComp inalien: wooden floor ki:c'e-vakus NComp inalien indiv [sg (2nd pers sg m-ki:c'e-vakus; 3rd pers sg ki:c'e-vakusi-j); pl: ki:c'e-va:pakus]: rug (same as ki:c'e-vakusim) ki:-vakus NComp inalien: floor (same as ki:-vakusag) kovk-vakus NComp, Expr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -kovk-vakus; loc: kovkvakus-c-'e); pl: kovpk-va:pakus]: mattress 'ikus-vakus NComp inalien: carpeting

vakus Stat Unit (for Distr see va:pakus) [Neutr: indef vakus; def vakus=k Dur:
vakus=ka-d. Interr: vakus=ka-him]: to form a flat surface in one location ex: ... mat heba'i g hodai 'am o vakuskad. ... where the rock will form a flat surface. ki: 'am 'o g hodai 'am vakus. In my house there is a cement floor.

-vakusag in ki:-vakusag NComp inalien [3rd pers sg ki:-vakusa-j]: floor (same

as ki:-vakus) ex: Ki:-vakusagaj 'o sbi:tag. Her floor is dirty.

vakusig Stat Unit (for Distr see va:pakusig): to form a flat surface in one location
ex: ki: 'am 'o g hodai 'am vakusig. In my house there is a cement floor (a flat surface). hodai-vakusig Stat Comp impers Unit (for Distr see hodai-va:pakusig): there is a cement floor in one location huk-vakusig Stat Comp impers Unit (for Distr see huk-va:pakusig): there is a wooden floor in one location.

-vakusim in ki:c'e-vakusim NComp indiv [sg (loc: ki:c'e-vakusim-c-'e); pl:

ki:c'e-va:pakusim]: rug (same as ki:c'e-vakus) ex: Ki:c'e-vakusimc'e 'at 'e'iava. It got spilled on the rug.

-vakust in ki:-vakust VComp: to make a floor

ex: Ki:-vakustahim. I am making a floor.

vakut Vtr Unit (for Distr see va:pakut) [Neutr: def and hort vakut. Interr: vakutahim]: to make a flat surface out of obj ex: Tapial 'apt 'am o vakut vakus da:m. You will spread paper on the floor (in one room). --ki: 'am 'ant g hodai 'am o vakut. In my house I'll put a cement floor (there is only one room). -- Huk 'apt 'am o vakut. You will put in a wooden floor. -- 'Ikus 'apt 'am o vakut. You will put in wall-to-wall carpeting.

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valaho/ vamgid valaho/ valahu N: card playing

ex: Nap sma:c g valaho? Do you know how to play cards?

valaho/ valahu Vtr: to play cards with obj

ex: Napt o valaho? Will you play cards with me?

valaho/ valahu Vreflex: to play cards with each other

ex: Tt o tvalaho. Let's play cards. 'E-'o-valaho. They are playing cards. Nap shoho'id mapt o 'o(<'e)valahod? Do you like to play cards?

valaho Vreflex impers Unit (for Distr see 'e-vaplaho): there is card playing in one
location ex: Cuhug 'at o 'o(<'e)valaho. I hear there is going to be a card game tonight.

valahoku N inalien aggreg [dist: vaplahoku]: card(s)

ex: Ha'i 'i ma:k g valahoku, nt o 'emve:mt. Give me some cards, I'll play with you.

vam Part: even more so

ex: Vam 'a:i'i (ba'ivckim 'i paaj). I am even more so (uglier than she is). Vam 'a:cim. We are even more so. Vam 'a:i'i ba'ic 'i si tacu. I need it even more (than he does). Vam 'i kekiva! Move further!

vama N indiv [pl/distr: vahamma/ vapamma]: snake (generic term for nonpoisonous snakes) ex: Smu'ij g vahamma. There are lots of snakes. cuk-vama NComp indiv: a variety of snake, black racer (black snake) hugum-vama NComp indiv: a variety of snake, king snake or coral snake ko:mgi-vama NComp indiv: a variety of snake (gray snake) vegi-vama NComp indiv: a variety of snake, red racer (red snake)

vamaag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-vahammaag): to be full of snakes in a
single location cuk-vamaag s-StatComp impers Unit: to be full of black racer snakes in one location vegi-vamaag s-StatComp impers Unit: to be full of red racer snakes in one location

vamacud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vahammacud) [Neutr: def 'e-vamac]: to
turn into a snake

vamgid Vtr Unit (for Repet see vahammigid) sgo (for plo see va:pamgid) [Neutr:
def vamg; hort vamgid]: to make obj get up ex: Nt o 'i vamigk o 'i mvamg. I'll get up and make you get up.

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vamg/ vanckvamg see Vtr vamgid= to make obj get up vamhu see Vtr impers vamhun= to get obj soaked with rain water vamhun Vtr impers sgo (for plo see vapamhun) [Neutr: def vamhu. Correl: vamhunk; immed: vamhun-ka-'i. Interr: vamhuna-him]: to get obj soaked with rain water ex: Vamhu 'ut(<'at) g na:mta. My adobe got soaked. vamhu 'ut(<'at). I got soaked (it soaked me). vamhunahim 'o. I am getting soaked (it's getting me soaked). Vamhunahim 'o g ki:. My house is getting soaked.

vamhu Stat [sgs Neutr: indef vamhu; def vamhu=k; Interr: vamhu=ka-him. Dur:
vamhu=ka-d); pls: vapamhu]: to be soaked with rain water ex: Va:pag 'o vapamhu. Holes (in the ground) are soaked with rain water.

vam[i]g- Vintr Unit (for Repet see vahammig) sgs [Neutr: def vam; hort vamigi;
imper vamgi-. Correl: vamig-k; immed: vamig-ka-'i. Compl: vamgi-ok; immed: vamgioka-i. Interr: vamig[i]-him]: to get up ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) koi vam. I am not up yet. -- Vam 'at. He is up. -- Nt o 'i vam. I'll get up. -- Vamgi! Get up! --Vamigk ka:! Get up and listen! Vamigk eid! Get up and look! -Kupt o vamigk o hu:. Get up and eat it! Pt o 'i vamg hekid 'i vamigka'i. Make me get up after you have gotten up. -- Vamighim 'o. He is getting up.

vam see Vintr vam[i]g= to get up vanc see Vtr vanck= to break obj off by pulling once vancek Vtr [Neutr: indef vancek]: to break obj off by pulling on it several times vancek Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-vancek]: to break off when being pulled several times
ex: 'E-'o-'e-vancek. It breaks off (if you pull at it several times).

vancid Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort vancid]: to break obj off for somebody by pulling on it
once ex: B(<'ab) g 'i ha vancid! Break off a piece of it (some) for me!

vanck- Vtr Unit [Neutr: def vanc; imper sgs vancka-; hort vanck. Correl: vanc-k;
immed: vanc-ka-'i. Interr: vancka-him]: to break obj off by pulling on it once ex: Vanc g 'evijina k 'i gei. He broke his rope off and he fell down. Pt o vanc. You'll break it off. Pi g 'am vanck! Don't break it off! Vancka! Break it off! Vanckahim 'ap. You are about to break it off. 'I 'it(<'at) gei vanck g vijina. He fell having broken off the rope.

vanck- VreflexUnit [Neutr: def 'e-vanc. Interr: 'e-vancka-him]: to break off when being
pulled once

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vanck-/ vana
ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-vanc g vijina. My rope broke off. 'I 'it(<'at) gei mat 'evanc g vijinaj. He fell when his rope broke off. 'Evanckahim 'o. It is about to break off.

vancka N sg [pl: vapancka]: something which has been broken off by pulling on it
vijina vapancka N Expr: pieces of broken rope

vanckva Vtr Unit (for Repet see vanckvup) [Neutr: def, hort and indef vanckva.
Correl: vanckva-k; immed: vanckva-ka-'i. Interr: vanckvu-him]: to tug, pull at, obj; to dominate obj ex: Nt o 'i vanckva 'i:da'a kavyu t(<kut) 'am ab o 'i ke:kad. I'll tug at this horse so that he will stand still. Gm 'at hu 'i vanckva. He made (the horse) go away by tugging at him (he tugged him away). Gam g hu hab 'i vanckva 'i:da'a kavyu! Make (the horse) go away by tugging at him! M(<'am) hu vanckvuhim. He is making (the horse) go away by tugging at him. M(<'am) 'amt ves o 'i havanckva g hemajkam. You(pl) will dominate all the people. Hemu ves 'i tvancka. Now they dominate us all.

vanckviku N inalien indiv sing [mult: vapanckviku]: reins vanckvup Vtr Repet (for Unit see vanckva) [Neutr: indef vanckvup. Dur: vanckvupad. Interr: vanckvupa-him]: to tug, pull, at obj repeatedly ex: Pt 'ab o si vanckvupad g kavyu. You will keep tugging hard at the horse, each time.

vanculid Vtr [Neutr: def vancul]: to lead, dominate, obj

ex: ... mamt ves o 'i havancul g hemajkam. ... that you(pl) will dominate all the people.

vana Vtr sgo (for plo see vapana) [Neutr: def vana]: to tear, rip, obj in one
place ex: Pt o vana. You'll tear it. 'Ep o vana g 'ealiv. (You) are going to tear your pants again!

vana Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapana) [Neutr: def 'e-vana]: to tear, rip, in
one place ex: 'E-'et-(<'at)-vana g kostal. My bag got torn in one place.

vanaas Stat sgs: to be torn in one place vanan- Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-vapanan-) [Neutr: Correl: 'e-vanan-k. Interr:
'e-vanana-him]: to tear, rip in one place ex: 'Evananahim 'o g naliv. My pants are tearing in one place kostal 'at 'evanank 'e'iava g nala. My bag having torn, the oranges fell out.

vana Vreflex: to tear/ rip in one place reiteratedly

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vantp/ vaimme vantp see Vtr vantpan= to tear, rip, obj vantp see Vreflex 'e-vantpan= to tear, rip vantpan- Vtr sgo (for plo see vapantpan) [Neutr: def vantp. Correl: vantpan-k;
immed: vantpan-ka-'i. Interr: vantpa[na]-him]: to tear, rip, obj in one place ex: Pt o vantp. You'll tear it. vantp g 'u:s. The bush tore my clothes (me).

vantpan- Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapantpan-) [Neutr: def 'e-vantp. Correl: 'evantpan-k; immed: 'e-vantpan-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-vantpan[a]-him]: to tear, rip, in one place ex: 'Evantp 'at g naliv. My pants tore (one tear). 'Evantpanahim/ 'evantpanhim 'o g naliv. My pants are tearing. kostal 'at 'evantpank 'e'iava g nala. My bag tore and the oranges fell out.

vantpa Vtr sgo (for plo see vapantpa) [Neutr: indef vantpa]: to tear, rip, obj
(several times in the same place or next to it as when trying to mend a tear)

vantpa Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapantpa) [Neutr: indef 'e-vantpa]: to tear, rip
several times in the same place or next to it ex: 'Evantpa. It tears easily.

vant Vtr sgo (for plo see vapant) [Neutr: def and hort vant]: to tear obj (in several
pieces) ex: Nt o vant g tapial. I'll tear the paper in pieces. Vanta! Tear it in pieces! M g si sviak vant! Tear it in tiny little pieces!

vant Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapant) [Neutr: def 'e-vant]: to tear in several
places ex: Sviak 'evant g 'ipu. My dress is in rags (torn in fine pieces).

vantas Stat sgs: to be torn in several pieces

ex: Hek 'o hu vantas. It is already torn in several pieces.

vaim see Vtr vaime= to lead obj vaime Vtr Unit (for Repet see vaimme) [Neutr: def vaim; hort vaime]: to
lead obj by the hand or by a rope ex: Heg 'at s'ap o 'i mvaim. He will lead you well. Nt o 'i vaim g noiga 'am vavhai vui. I'll lead my horse to the well. 'I vaime! Lead him!

vaimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see vaime) sgs [Neutr: indef vaimme]: to lead
obj by the hand or by a rope repeatedly

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vakumi'ok/ vapalko vakumi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def vakumi'o; hort and indef vakumi'ok; imper sgs
vakumi'oka-. Correl: vakumi'o-k; immed: vakumi'o-ka-'i]: to pull, pluck, obj off; to detach obj by pulling at it ex: M g si vakumi'ok! Pull it off hard! .. g Hu: g 'ecivo 'i a hu ha'i vakumi'ok 'am ul ciolim da:m. ..it is said that Corn, having plucked off a few hairs from his beard, threw them on top of the cholla. ce'ecem vakumi'ok VExpr tr: to shred obj ex: Nt o ce'ecem vakumi'o 'i:da'a toki-vijina. I'll shred this cotton rope.

vakumi'ok Vreflex [Neutr: def 'evakumi'o]: to get pulled/ plucked off

ex: Svinma 'o 'evakumi'ok. It takes strength to pull it off (it gets pulled off firmly).

vakumi'okas Stat: to be pulled/ plucked off

ex: Vakumi'okas 'o. It is pulled off.

vakumi'okid Vdtr [Neutr: def vakumi'ok; hort vakumi'okid]: to pull/ pluck

something off for somebody ce'ecem vakumi'okid VExpr dtr [Neutr: def ce'ecem vakumi'ok]: to pull obj to shreds for somebody

vago (Span: banco) indiv [pl: vapago]: bank vapagima see Stat s-vagima= to be industrious vapagiviku see N vagiviku= slingshot vapaigku see N va'igku= water jar; faucet vapaika see N vaika= ditch vapailla Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-vailla): to dance with one another (several
couples) ex: 'E-'o-vapailla. They are dancing (several couples).

vapaillaku see N vaillaku= dance-floor vapainomga see Stat vainomga= to have a knife vapainom see N vainom= knife vapainom see N vainom= sheet/ piece of metal/ iron vapaki see N va'aki= ceremonial house; fort vapal see N va:l: bullet(s) vapaldi see N va:ldi= bucket vapalko see N va:lko= boat

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vapamhun/ vapant vapamhun Vtr impers tr plo (for sgo see vamhun) [Neutr: def vapamhu Interr:
vapamhuna-him]: to get obj soaked with rain water ex: Havapamhu 'ut(<'at). They got soaked (it got them soaked).

vapamhu see Stat vamhu= to be soaked with rain water vapamma see N vama= snake vapamogag/ vapamugag s- Stat impers Dist (for Unit see s-va:mogag): to be full
of mosquitos in several locations

vapancka see N vancka= piece of something which has broken off vapanckviku see N vanckviku= reins vapana Vtr plo (for sgo see vana): tear/ rip obj in one place vapana Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vana) [Neutr: def 'e-vapana]: to tear/ rip in
one place ex: 'Evapana. They each got torn in one place.

vapanan- Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-vanan-) [Interr: 'e-vapanana-him]: to tear/
rip in several places once ex: 'Evapananahim 'o. It is tearing in several places.

vapantpan- Vtr plo (for sgo see vantpan) [Neutr: def vapantp. Interr: vapantpanahim]: to tear/ rip obj in one place

vapantpan- Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vantpan-) [Neutr: def 'e-vapantp. Interr: 'evapantpana-him]: to tear/ rip in one place ex: 'Evapantp 'at g haaaliv. Their pants tore (one tear each).

vapantpa Vtr plo (for sgo see vantpa): to tear/ rip obj several times in the same
place or next to it (as when trying to mend a tear)

vapantpa Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vantpa): to tear/ rip several times in the same
place or next to it

vapant Vtr plo (for sgo see vant) [Neutr: def and hort vapant]: to tear obj in several
pieces

vapant Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vant): to tear in several pieces

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vapago/ vapag vapago see N vago= bank vapava see Stat va'ava= to be soaked through, sweating vapa'o see N va:'o= wooden tongs for picking prickly pear fruits vapa'o see Stat va:'o= to have a pair of wooden tongs for picking prickly pear fruit vapa'osid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-va:'osid) [Neutr: def 'e-vapa'os; hort 'evapa'osid]: to get stuck somewhere ex: 'E-'etk(<'atk)-'evapa'os. They are stuck. Tvapa'os 'att. We got stuck.

vapa'osidc semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-va:'osidc) [Neutr: def and indef 'evapa'osidc]: to be in a stuck position somewhere

vapcviku see N vac[u]viku= swimming pool vapciho see N vaciho= mixing bowl vapcihot Vtr mult (for sing see vacihot): to make mixing bowls out of obj
ex: Nt o ha'i vapcihot. I'll make some mixing bowls with it.

vapckig see Stat impers vackig= there is a charco, pond vapck see N vack= pond, charco vapcum/vack Vintr Unit (for Repet see vapcummuk) pls (for sgs see vacum[])
[Neutr: def vapcum/vack. Interr: vapcum[i]-him/vapcuma-him/vacka-him]: to get under water, to drown ex: Mt o 'om(<'am) vack. You(pl) might drown. Vapcum 'at. They drowned. Vapcumhim 'o. They are drowning.

vapcumcud/ vacko'icud Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see vacum[]cud) [Neutr: def
vapcumc/vacko'ic; hort vapcumcud/vacko'icud]: to drown obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vapumc/ vacko'ic g mimitol. I will drown the cats.

vapcummuk Vintr Repet (for Unit see vapcum) pls (for sgs see vacummuk)
[Neutr: indef vapcummuk]: to get under water repeatedly

vapc[u]vi Vreflex impers Distr (for Unit see 'e-vac[u]vi) [Neutr: def and indef 'evapc[u]vi]: there is swimming in several locations ex: Mu'ipa 'o 'o(<'e)vapcuvi. There is swimming in many places (along the coast).

vapag see N vaag= juice of vapag see Adj s-vaag= wet; fresh vapag see Stat s-vaag= to be wet; to be fresh

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vapga/ vapka'ig vapga Vtr mult (for sing see va:g-) [Neutr: indef and def vapga. Dur: vapga-d. Interr:
vapga-him]: to irrigate obj (in several spots); to mix obj with water several times ex: Nt o vapga g 'e'es. I'll irrigate my plants. Nap sma:c mapt has masma vo vapga g toki? Do you know how to irrigate cotton? Nt o vapgad g 'e'es. I'll be irrigating my plants. M(<'am) 'a hu vapgahim. I have been irrigating (it). Vapga 'o g cu'i. She is mixing dough. Vapga 'o g bid. She is mixing clay with water (preparing the clay for pottery making).

vapga N: act of irrigating vapgadam N: irrigator (person or thing that irrigates regularly) vapgadam vu Stat Expr: to be an irrigator
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) tvapgadam. He/it is our irrigator.

vapgai see Vdtr vapg[a]id= to irrigate obj for somebody vapg[a]id Vdtr mult (for sing see va:gid) [Neutr: def vapgai; hort vapgaid]: to mix obj
with water several times for somebody; to irrigate/ water obj (in several places) for somebody ex: Nt o mvapgai g m'e'es. I'll water your plants for you. M(<'am) g 'i vapgaid g 'e'es? Could you water my plants for me?

vapgaime Vtr Unit (for Repet see vapgaimme) mult (for sing see vagaime)
sgs [Neutr: def vapgaim; hort vapgaime]: to go and irrigate (several spots)

vapgaimme Vtr Repet (for Unit see vapgaime) mult sgs: to go and irrigate
(several spots) repeatedly ex: 'Im hab 'i jujjud vapgaimme. Every afternoon I go and irrigate (several spots).

vapgaiku N aggreg [distr: vappgaiku]: irrigator (instrument to irrigate with) vapggiya see N vag:ya= milk cow vapggida see N vag:da= transmission belt vap[h]u s- semi Stat tr impers Repet (for Unit see s-vahu) sgo [Neutr: indef svap[h]u. Interr: s-vap[h]ua-him/s-vap[h]u=ka-him]: to make obj sweat repeatedly ex: 'I 'o svaphu. I sweat a lot (it makes me sweat). 'I 'o svapuahim/ svapukahim). I have been sweating a lot (it has been making me sweat).

vapka'ig N aggreg: wild goose, wild duck, crane

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vapke/ vapko vapke Vintr Repet for Unit see va:k-) sgs [Neutr: indef vapke; concurs vapke-c. Dur:
vapke-d; concurs vapked-c. Interr: vapke-him]: to go in, to come in, to enter repeatedly ex: B(<ab) 'o ob(<vab) si 'i vapke pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ontpagc g pualt. He usually comes right in without knocking at the door. -- ..'an vapkec 'an 'i 'ep vuke. ..he keeps going in and out again. M(<'am) g ab 'i vukedc 'ab 'ep o 'i vapked! Keep on going out and in again! -- B(<'ab) 'apt ab o vapkedc pi 'ab hu o ge ontpagad g pualt. Just come in without knocking at the door. B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) si 'i vapkehim pi 'ab hu ontpagc g pualt. He used to come straight in without knocking at the door.

vapke Vtr Repet (for Unit see va:k-) sgs [Neutr: indef vapke Dur: vapke-d Interr:
vapke-him]: to put obj repeatedly ex: He'ekia 'ap havapke g 'ega? What size clothes do you wear (usually put on)?

vapkei see N vakei= milk in a container (that one has just milked) vapkeipa Vintr Distr (for Unit see vakeipa): to come back from milking once (same
as vapkeipa?)

vapkeipa Vintr Distr (for Unit see vakeipa): to come back from one's milking
chores (same as vapkeipa?)

vapkeipa Vintr Distr (for Unit see vakeipa): to come back from milking chores vapkial see N vakial= cowboy vapkid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see va:kid) [Neutr: indef vapkid]: to put obj on for
somebody repeatedly ex: P hascu 'a:gk 'ab vapkid g li:vaj? Why do you put his coat on him? Mo g kavyu 'ab vapkid. (A bridle is) that which one puts on a horse.

vapkid Vtr Repet (for Unit see va:kid) sgo [Neutr: indef vapkid. Dur: vapkida-d]: to
put obj in, to make obj go in repeatedly ex: Nap 'i vapkid g 'eoiga? Do you put your horse in (the corral)? Nap 'ab vapkid g vepegi? Do you plug in the light? Vo 'i vapkidad! Make it/him go in and out !

vapkidalig see N va:kidalig= coat vapko see Vtr vapkon= to wash obj vapko see Vreflex 'e-vapkon= to wash oneself; to get baptized vapko see Vreflex 'e-vapkon= to do one's washing vapko see N vako= water container, gourd vapko see Stat Expr vu vako= to be a water container, canteen

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vapko/vapkova vapko N aggreg: gourd (the plant and the fruit) vapkois see Adj vakois= curved vapkois see Stat vakois= to be curved vapko-kai NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg -vapko-kai=ga]: gourd seeds
ex: hab a(<va) hekaj vuha g vapko-kai. Thus right away the gourd seeds came out of the ground (hearsay).

vapkomag see Stat s-vakomag: to be dried out; to be faded vapkon Vtr plo (for sgo see vakon) [Neutr: def vapko; hort and indef vapkon; imper
sgs vapkona-]: to wash obj; to baptize obj ex: Nt o vapko g va:pakus. I'll wash my bedding. Nt o vapko g 'ega. I'll do the laundry (wash the clothes). Nt o ha'i havapko g 'ega. I'll do part of the laundry (wash some clothes). M(<'am) g 'i havapkon g vepcoag! Could you wash my underwear! Vapkona g mu:! Wash the beans!

vapkon Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vakon) [Neutr: def 'e-vapko; indef and hort 'evapkon]: to wash oneselves; to get baptized get baptized. o:nhai-vapkon VComp reflex: to wash one's hands

vapkon Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vapko; indef 'e-vapkon]: to do one's washing

ex: Nt o vapko. I'll do my washing. 'E-'o-'evapkon. She is doing her washing.

vapkona N: act of washing clothes

ex: Nap sma:c g vapkona? Do you know how to do the washing?

vapkona see N vakona= something in the process of being washed vapkonaku see N vakonaku= basin (instrument to wash something in) vapkonas see Stat vakonas= to be washed; to be baptized vapko see Vdtr vakoid= to wash obj for somebody vapko see vako= baptized person vapko see Stat Expr vu vako= to be a baptized person vapkoid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vakoid) [Neutr: def vapko; indef vapkoid. Dur:
vapkoida-d/ vapkonda-d]: to wash obj for somebody

vapkova/ vapkuva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see vakova) [Neutr: def vapkova]: to have
diarrhea, to excrete liquid stools ex: Vapkova 'at. They have diarrhea.

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vapkovadam/ vap'unc vapkovadam see N vakovadam= one who has diarrhea vapkovadam see Stat Expr vu vakovadam= to be one who has diarrhea vapkovimad/vapkuvimad Vtr plo (for sgo see vakovimad) [Neutr: def and hort
vapkovimad/vapkuvimad]: to squirt on obj ex: Tvapkuvimad 'at g 'a'al. The babies squirted on us.

vapkovimcud/vapkuvimcud s- Vtr impers tr plo (for sgo see s-vakovimcud)

[Neutr: def s-vapkovimc/s-vapkuvimc]: to make obj feel like excreting ex: Stvapkovimc 'at. We feel like excreting.

vapkovcud/vapkuvcud Vtr impers plo (for sgo see vakovcud) [Neutr: def
vapkovc; indef vapkovcud]: to make obj get diarrhea ex: Nat 'emvapkuvc? Do you(pl) have diarrhea (did it give you diarrhea)?

vapk:la see N vak:la= driftwood vapk:lag s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-vak:lag): to be full of driftwood in several
places

vaplaho Vreflex impers Distr (for Unit see 'e-valaho): there is card playing in several
places ex: Mu'ipa 'o 'o(<'e)vaplaho. There is card playing in several places.

vaplahoku see N valahoku= cards vapli/vaplin see N va:li/va:lin= water tank, barrel vaplit see N va:lit= crowbar vap'un Vtr plo (for sgo see va'un) [Neutr: def vap'u; hort vap'un. Dur: vap'unad]: to pull obj ex: Nt o 'i havap'u. I'll pull them. B(<'ab) g 'i havap'un! Pull them (toward you)! M(<'am) g ab 'i havap'unad! Keep on pulling them!

vap'un Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-va'un) [Neutr: def 'e-vap'u; hort 'e-vap'un]: to
stretch oneselves; to get stretched ex: 'E-g-o-'i-'i(<'e)vap'un! You(pl) stretch yourselves!

vap'unaku see N va'unaku= instrument used to pull or stretch something vap'unc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see va'unc): to have obj pegged

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vap'undam/ vapa vap'undam see N 'e-va'undam= accordion vap'u Vtr plo (for sgo see va'u) [Neutr: indef vap'u]: to pull at obj reiteratedly
ex: c g 'evi:pbamga 'i havap'u. and they keep pulling at their respective chewing gum.

vap'u Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-va'u): to get stretched/ pulled at reiteratedly vappaid Vtr Repet (for Unit see vaid) [Neutr: indef vappaid. Dur: vappaida-d. Interr:
vappaida-him]: to call, ask to come, invite obj repeatedly ex: Kut 'ida 'ep 'e'ai ku 'i havappaid g hemajkam. The time has come when I ask the people to come here. Mu'iko 'i a vappaid. He invites me here often.

vappaid Vtr Distr (for Unit see vaid) [Neutr: def vappai; indef and hort vappaid]: to
call, ask to come, invite obj (people from different places) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'i havappai. I'll ask them (they are from different places) to come here.

vappainom see N vainom= knife vappaldi see N va:ldi= bucket vappali/ vappalin see N va:li= water tank, barrel vappalit see N va:lit= crowbar vappalko see N va:lko= boat vappa'o see N va:'o= wooden tongs for picking prickly pear fruits vappciho see N vaciho= mixing bowl vappgaiku see N vapgaiku= irrigator vappso see N va:so= can vappsog s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-vapsog): to be full of cans in several locations vappa see N vaa: suitcase vappom see N vaom: large storage basket vapptopig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-vaptopig): to be full of worms/ fishes
in several locations

vapso see N va:so: can vapsog s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-vappsog): to be full of cans in one location vapa see N vaa= suitcase vapa see Stat vaa= to have a suitcase

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vapom/ vasibc vapom see N vaom= large storage basket vapom see Stat vaom= to have a large storage basket vapu Vtr impers: to make obj get (a) blister(s)
ex: Nat mvapu? Did you get (a) blister(s)? 'I 'at vapu. I got (a) blister(s). 'Ep o mvapu. You'll get (a) blister(s) again. Cum hekid vapu. I get (a) blister(s) all the time.

vapuag N inalien aggreg: blister(s) vaptopad Vtr impers mult (for sing see vatopad) [Neutr: def vaptopad]: to get worms
ex: Gogs 'atk vaptopad. The dog has worms. vaptopad 'at. I have worms.

vaptopig see Stat impers vatopig: there is a worm, a fish (somewhere) vaptopig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-vapptopig): to be full of worms/ fishes
in one location

vaptop see N vatop= worm; fish vaptto see N vatto = ramada; cactus camp vas see Vtr vas[i]b: to dip out obj (a liquid) vas[i]b N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vasbi-j); pl/distr vassib]: drink (liquid in a
container with a large opening like a glass or a cup) ex: Koi 'atk 'i'ito g 'evasib. He has not finished his drink yet. ... hega'i mo g hu ka:c mvasib. ... that container of yours (either a basket or a cup) which is over there. M g ha vua'i g 'asugal vasib 'e! Put some granulated sugar in my drink! Koi 'atk 'i'ito g 'evassib. They (each one of them) have not finished their drinks yet. B(<'ab) o 'i ha'u:'uk g 'evassib. Each one of you will bring your containerful of liquid.

vas[i]b vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vassib]: to be a drink (liquid in a container)

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vasbij. That is his drink.

vas[i]b Vtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see vassib) [Neutr: def vas; hort vasib; imper sgs
vasba-/ vasbi-. Correl: vasib-k; immed: vasib-ka-'i]: to dip out obj (a liquid) ex: Nt o vas g kavh:. I'll dip out (a cup of) coffee. ..tp 'am aha(<haha) vas g u:dag heg'ab hega'i bid-ha'u. ..then he dipped out water with the clay bowl. M(<'am) g vasib g u:dag! Dip out (a cup of) water! Vasbi g vi:b! Dip out (a cup of) milk! Vasibk o 'i:! Dip it out and drink it! .. 'am o vasibk g hab o ce: g hab ha'ap! ..dip it out and set it aside! 'I ha vasibka'i! Dip some of it out right away!

vasibc semi Stat: to have a drink (liquid in a container)

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vasibc/ vaa vasibc see Vtr vasibcug= to carry obj (a liquid in a container with a large opening) vasibcug Vtr [Neutr: def vasibc; indef vasibcug]: to carry obj (a liquid in a container
with a large opening) ex: Vasibcug 'o g u:dag. He is carrying water in a container. Vasibcug 'o g navait. He is carrying wine in a basket.

vas[i]bid Vdtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see vassibid) [Neutr: def vasib; hort vasbid.
Correl: vasbid-k; immed: vasbid-ka-'i]: to dip out obj (a liquid) for somebody ex: T he'ekio 'i mvasib? How many times did he dip out a drink for you? Nt o 'i ha mvasib g u:dag. I'll dip out some water for you. u:dk 'apt o 'i vasib. Dip out a full cup (or glass) of it for me! B(<'ab) g 'i ha vasbid g u:dag! Dip out some water for me! M(<'am) g havasbid! Dip it out for them!

vasibku N inalien indiv [pl: vassibku]: container with a large opening (like a glass or
cup) used for liquids navait-vasibku NComp inalien indiv: wine basket

vassib see N vasib= drink (liquid in a container) vassib see Stat Expr vu vasib= to be a drink (liquid in a container) vassib Vtr Repet (for Unit see vas[i]b) [Neutr: indef vassib; imper sgs vassiba-. Dur:
vassiba-d]: to dip out obj (a liquid) repeatedly

vassib Vtr Distr (for Unit see vas[i]b) [Neutr: def vassi]: to dip out obj (a liquid)
ex: Hehe'ejel 'amt 'am o vassi g 'ekavh:ga. Each one of you will dip out your coffee yourself.

vassibid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see vas[i]bid) [Neutr: indef and hort vassibid]: to dip
out obj (a liquid) for somebody repeatedly

vassibid Vdtr Distr (for Unit see vas[i]bid) [Neutr: def vassib; hort vassibid]: to dip
out obj (a liquid) for somebody ex: Pt o ho(<ha) tvassib. You will dip out some of it for each one of us. 'I ha tvassibid! Dip out some of it for each of us!

vassibku see N vasibku= container for a liquid vaa N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vaa-j); pl: vapa; distr: vappa]: suitcase
ku:kp-vaa NComp: medicine man basket (in which the scalp taken off an enemy was kept)

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vaa/ vau[li]g vaa Stat sing [mult: vapa]: to have a suitcase vaai N alien aggreg: grass, underbrush, hay (same as a'i)
vepegi-vaai NComp aggreg: a weed, tanglehead (red grass)

vaom N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vaom-j); pl: vapom; distr: vappom]: large
storage basket

vaom Stat sing [mult: vapom]: to have a large storage basket vaul see Vtr vau[li]g= to take obj off vaul see Vreflex 'e-vau[li]g= to come off vau[li]g tr Unit (for Repet see vaug; for Distr see vau[li]g) plo (for sgo see vahava) [Neutr: def vaul; hort vaug; imper sgs vauga-. Interr: vaug[i]-him]: to take
obj off, to pull (teeth) out ex: Vaul 'ant g 'egaj. I took his clothes off. Hek 'ant hu vaul. I already took them off. Napt a(<va) vaul? Did you take them off? Ves 'at havaul g nta:tam. He pulled out all of my teeth one by one. Vauga 'evescuga! Take off all of your clothes! 'Oi g vaug g 'e'ega! Go ahead, take off your clothes! Vaughim 'a. I am about to take them off.

vau[li]g Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vaug; for Distr see 'e-vau[li]g) pls (for sgs see 'e-vahava) [Neutr: def 'e-vaul. Interr: 'e-vaug[i]-him]: to come off
ex: 'Evaul g nta:tam. My teeth came off. 'Evaughim g nta:tam. My teeth are loose (they are about to come off).

vaug (contr of *vaulig) Vtr Repet (for Unit see vau[li]g) plo (for sgo see vahavup) [Neutr: indef vaug. Dur: vauga-d]: to take obj off
ex: Cum 'a hekid vaug g 'egaj. I always take his clothes off.

vaug (contr of *vaulig) Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vau[li]g) pls (for sgs see 'e-vahavup): to come off
ex: 'E-'o-vaug. They come off each time.

vaul see Vtr vau[li]g= to take obj off vaul see Vreflex 'e-vau[li]g= to come off (one after the other) vau[li]g Vtr Distr (for Unit see vau[li]g) [Neutr: def vaul; indef and hort vaug;
imper vaug-o. Correl: vaug-k; immed: vaug-ka-'i. Compl: vaug-ok; immed: vaug-oka-'i]: to take obj off

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vau[li]g/ vavan
ex: Vaugo g 'evopnom! Take off your hats! Vaugo g 'evepscuga! Take off all of your clothes! Ha'i daivc vaug g 'evopnom. As some people arrive each one of them takes off his hat. Vo vaugok g 'e'ega s'ap o to'ok k aha(<haha) vo 'o(<'e)vacvi. After each one of you has taken his clothes off, he will put them nicely together and then go swimming.

vau[li]gVreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-vau[li]g) [Neutr: def 'e-vaul]: to come off
one after the other ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-vaul. Each one of them came off (one after the other).

vatopad Vtr impers sing (for mult see vaptopad) [Neutr: def vatopad]: to get a worm
ex: Vatopad g pi:los. The pear has a worm.

vatopig Stat impers sing [mult: vaptopig]: there is a worm, a fish (somewhere)
ex: Vatopig 'am pi:losc'e. There is a worm in the pear.

vatop N alien indiv [pl: vaptop]: worm; fish

ex: Smu'ij g vaptop. There are lots of fishes. Ha'i 'a haeid g vaptop. I saw a few fishes. memhedam-vatop: NComp indiv: glowing worm

vatto N inalien indiv [sg (loc: vatto-c-'ed[a]); pl vaptto]: ramada; cactus camp
ex: Nam mu'ij 'am 'evatto 'ama'i? Are there many of you at your cactus camp?

vatto-cu:cim NComp(?): standing posts supporting the ramada vav see Vtr vavan= to stretch, spread vav see Vreflex 'e-vavan= to stretch oneself; to be stretched vav N mass [loc: vav-t-'ab]: rock
ex: Vav 'am ge vakus cu'ig. There, the rock is (unexpectedly) like a floor (a flat surface).

vavag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of rock in one location vavan Vtr Unit (for Repet see vavpan) sgo and sing (for plo and mult see vavpan)
[Neutr: def vav; hort vavan; imper sgs vavana-. Correl: vavan-k; immed: vavan-ka-'i. Interr: vavana-him]: to stretch, spread obj ex: Nt o 'i vav g kolai. I'll put up a fence. B(<'ab) g 'i vavan g kolai! Put up a fence!

vavan Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vavpan) sgs (for pls see 'e-vavpan) [Neutr: def
'e-vav. Interr: 'evavana-him]: to spread oneself; to be spread

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vavan/ vavi
ex: 'At heg 'an 'ep 'evav hata:gio 'ep. Again it spread itself (hearsay) in their way. 'Idam 'o (<vu) vepegi-'u'us 'an hab o 'o(<'e)vav g vepegi. These are telegraph poles for the electric line (the electric wire will be stretched between them). 'Evavanahim g vepegi. A power line is being installed.

vavanaag N inalien indiv [pl: vavpanaag]: beam, rafter, ridgepole vava Vintr sgs and sing (for pls and mult see vavpa) [Neutr: indef vava. Interr:
vava-him]: to form a line, a ridge ex: ... 'im hab vava g huav ... there is (hearsay) a dead deer down there. Kolai 'an vava. There is a fence. Vepegi 'an vava. There is an electric line Do'ag 'an vava. There is a mountain ridge. ... heg ge'e vu do'agc 'im hu vava. ... it is a big mountain and it forms a ridge. ... gani hu man(<mo 'an) g do'ag vava. ... up there on the mountain ridge (where the mountain forms a ridge). N(<'an) 'o vavahim g haiva. Cows are going by in a line.

vav[a]ig Stat sing [mult: vavpaig]: to be in a group, flock, herd, forming a line
ex: Totova 'an ge vavaig. The turkeys are in a flock. Totova 'an go:kpa vavpaig. The turkeys are in two flocks.

vavaim in vepegi-vavaim NComp sg [sg (loc: vepegi-vavaim-t-'an); pl: vepegivavpaim]: roll of electric wire; power line

vavhai/ vahia (met of *vavahi) N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vavhai=ga-j; loc; vavhait-'ab, vavhai-c-'e); pl: vapvhai/vaiphia/vaipia)]: well Ce:dagi Vavhai NExpr(?): name of a village, Pozo Verde (green well)

vavhaig Stat impers sing [mul: vaip[h]iag]: there is a well (somewhere)

ex: Go:k 'o 'om(<'am) vaipiag. There are two wells down there.

vavhaiga Stat sing [mult: vaip[h]iaga]: to have a well

ex: Nam ge vavhaiga? Do you(pl) have a well? Ha'i 'a vaipiaga. I have a few wells.

vavhait Vintr sing (for mult see vaip[h]iat): to make a well

ex: Nt o hema vavhait. I'll make a well.

vavincud/ vavancud (assim of *vavicud/ vavacud) Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def vavanc;
hort vavancud]: to quench obj's thirst for somebody ex: M g 'i vavancud g noiga! Quench my horse's thirst for me!

vavi see Vtr vaviid= to quench somebody's thirst

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vavi/ vavpan vavi/ vava s- Stat sgs [pls: s-vaipi]: to be sated, to have quenched one's thirst
ex: M(<'am) 'a a(<va) svavi. I am sated. M(<'am) 'ac a(<va) svaipi. We are sated.

vavi/ vava Vintr sgs (for pls see vaipi) [Neutr: def vav[]; hort vavi/vava;
imper vavii-/ vavai-. Correl: vavi-k; immed: vavi-ka-'i. Compl: vavii-ok; immed: vavii-oka-'i]: to quench one's thirst, to get sated ex: Napt vav[]? Are you(sg) sated? Heu'u, m 'ant a(<va) vav[ ]. Yes, I am sated. Vavihim 'a. I am about to get sated. Vavii! Quench your thirst! 'Oi g 'am vavi! Go ahead and quench your thirst!

vavi/ vava Vtr impers sgo (for plo see vaipi) [Neutr: def vav[]. Interr: vavi[i]him]: to quench the thirst of obj ex: Pi 'it(<'at) o vav[]. It will not quench my thirst. Pi 'ib(<'ab) 'i ha vavihim. It is not quenching my thirst any.

vaviid/ vavaid Vtr sgo (for plo see vaipiid) [Neutr: def vavi/ vava; hort
vaviid/ vavaid] to quench the thirst of obj ex: M(<'am) 'ant o 'i vavi. I'll quench his thirst. M g 'i vaviid! Quench his thirst!

vav[i]ig/ vav[a]ig Stat sgs [pls: s-vaipiig]: to be refreshing, thirst quenching

ex: Svavig 'o. It is cooling. Pi 'o vavig. It is not cooling.

vav[] see Vintr vavi= to quench one's thirst, to get sated vav[] see Vtr impers vavi= to quench the thirst of obj vavpa see Vtr vavpan= to stretch, spread vavpa see Vreflex 'e-vavpan= to stretch oneself; to be stretched vavpan Vtr Repet (for Unit see vavan) sgo and sing [Neutr: indef vavpan]: to stretch,
spread obj repeatedly ex: Tokdho vavpan g 'evigina 'ab ki:t'ab. A spider weaves its thread on the wall. Ma kekid 'a 'i vavpan g kolai k hemho 'on(<'an) a(<va) 'i 'evu:pa. Each time I put up my fence, it gets taken down.

vavpan Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vavan) sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-vavpan]: to stretch
oneself, to be stretched repeatedly

vavpan Vtr plo and mult (for sgo and sing see vavan) [Neutr: def vavpa; hort and
indef vavpan]: to stretch, spread obj ex: ... k 'am aha(<haha) 'ep o 'i havavpa hegam. ... and then he will stretch them again. 'an vavpa g 'evipijina. ... (the spider) wove its web. Totkdho vavpan g 'evipijina 'ab ki:kt'ab. Spiders weave their webs on walls.

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vavpan/ va'apdadk vavpan Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vavan) [Neutr: def 'e-vavpa; indef 'evavpan]: to
spread oneself; to be spread ex: 'Evavpanahim g vepegi. Power lines are being installed.

vavpanaag see N vavanaag= beam, rafter, ridgepole vavpa Vintr pls and mult (for sgs and sing see vava) [Neutr: indef vavpa]: to form
several lines, several ridges ex: Vepegi 'an vavpa. There are (several) electric lines Do'ag 'an vavpa. There are (several) mountain ridges.

vavpa see Stat vava= to be stretched, to form a line, a ridge, a group vavpaig see Stat vavaig= to be in a group vav-'i-kua NComp/Expr [loc: vav-'i-kua-t-'ab/vav 'i kua 'ab]: cliff
ex: Vav 'i kua 'ab ge cihog. There is a cave on the cliff (unexpectedly).

va'a, va, a emphatic Part: indeed, really, truly

ex: C ababa 'am a(<va) smai hi a'a (<va'a). But they did find out, indeed.-- 'I 'at a(<va) jiva hi a (<va) hab a(<va) hab a(<va). He came here, of course. --...matt 'am hi va has masma hab hi v(<vo) va cum ju: hi va'a. ...that we intend somehow to try and do something, indeed.--'A:i 'ant 'i hi o va 'i ke:kad. Sure, I'll be standing here.--'Ai 'apt a(<va) 'I ve:m vo hi:. You will go only with me.--Heg 'an a(<a) 'i vi: mo'oj. Only his skull was left.--Hab a(<va) 'i ge ki:jig. Thus, it has only some kind of entrance door.

va'aki N inalien indiv [pl: vapaki; distr: va'apaki]: ceremonial house; fort va'akp see Vtr va'akpan= to moisten, sprinkle with water, obj va'akpaag s- Stat tr: to be good at moistening obj
ex: ... k 'ok va g jevu sva'akpaagc hab cu'ig. ... and he is the one who is good at moistening the soil (said about the mocking bird).

va'akpan Vtr [Neutr: def va'akp; hort va'akpan. Correl: va'akpan-k; immed: va'akpanka-'i]: to moisten, sprinkle water on, obj ex: Nt o va'akp g vatto. I'll moisten (the ground under) my ramada.

va'apaki see N va'aki= ceremonial house; fort va'apdadk see Adj vadadk= shiny, bald

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va'apdadka/ va'igame va'apdadka Vintr pls (for sgs see vadadka) [Neutr: def va'apdadka. Interr:
va'apdadka-him]: to become shiny, bald

va'apdadka[i[]d Vtr plo (for sgo see vadadkad) [Neutr: def and hort va'apdadkad]:
to shine obj (same as va'apdadkajid)

va'apdadkajid Vtr and dtr plo (for sgo see vadadkajid) [Neutr: def va'apdadkaj;
hort va'apdadkajid]: to shine obj (same as va'apdadka[i]d); to shine obj for somebody

va'apdadk-u:k NComp inalien sing: a pair of patent leather shoes va'apkok see Adj vakok= curved, bowed va'apkok see Stat vakok= to be curved, bowed va'avaik see Mod vaik= three va'avaik Vintr [Interr: va'avaik-him]: to make three points at a time
ex: ... va'avaikhim hega'i ba:baj. ... his grandfather makes three points at a time.

va'ava Stat sgs [pls: vapava]: to be soaked through, sweating

ex: Hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'am dai g ha'a k va'ava. I just set a (new) olla there and it is sweating.

va'i see Vtr va'ig= to put obj (a liquid) in a container with a small opening va'ig Vtr Unit (for Distr see va:pa'ig) [Neutr: def va'i; indef va'ig; imper sgs va'iga-/
va'igi-; hort va'ig. Correl: va'ig-k; immed: va'ig-ka-'i. Compl: va'igi-ok; immed: va'igioka-'i. Interr: va'ig[i]-him ]: to put obj (a liquid) in a container with a little opening ex: Napt o va'i g saidi? Do you want (to fill your tank with) gas? Napt o ho(<ha) va'i g saidi? Do you want some gas? 'An o ho(<ha) va'i g 'e:'e. He will take a sample of my blood. M g ha va'ig g saidi. Get some gas! Tt o ho(<ha) va'igk g u:dag, t o s'i'imcudad. Let's take some water in a container (like a gourd), I'll be feeling like having a drink. Cum 'a hekid 'i a va'ig g saidi 'i:ya'a. Here is where I always get gas.

va'ig Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-va:pa'ig) [Neutr: def 'e-va'i. Interr: 'e-va'ig[i]-him]:
to be put in one container with a small opening (said of a liquid) ex: 'Eva'i g u:dag. The water was put in it (a bottle). 'Eva'ighim 'o g u:dag. The water is being put in it.

va'igame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see va'igop) [Neutr: def va'igam; hort va'igame]: to
go and put obj (a liquid) in a container with a small opening; to go and get water

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va'igcug/ va'ig va'igcug Vtr sing [Neutr: def va'igc]: to carry obj (a liquid) in a container with a small
opening

va'igid Vdtr sing (for mult see va:pa'igid) [Neutr: def va'ig; hort va'igid. Correl:
va'igid-k; immed: va'igid-ka-'i. Interr: va'igida-him]: to put a liquid in obj (a container with a small opening such as a bottle or an olla) ex: Am 'o va'igidahim. He is putting a liquid in it (of a bottle).

va'igid Vdtr sing (for mult see va:pa'igid) [Neutr: def va'ig; hort va'igid. Correl:
va'igid-k; immed: va'igid-ka-'i]: to put obj (a liquid) in a container with a small opening for somebody (same as va'igidacud) ex: ... heg'ab hava'ig. ... in that (a gourd) she put it (water) for them. B(<'ab) g 'i ha va'igid 'ab vako 'ab! Put some of it in my gourd for me! Napt o va'i g saidi? Heu'u, m g ha va'igid! Do you want gas? Yes, Put some in for me!

va'igidac see Vdtr va'igidacud= to put a liquid in a container for somebody va'igidacud Vdtr sing (for mult see va:pa'igidacud) [Neutr: def va'igidac; hort
va'igidacud]: to put obj (a liquid) in one container with a small opening for somebody (same as va'igid) ex: ... 'am a(<va) 'ep 'al hava'igidac 'ab vakot'ab. ... again she put it (the water) in a gourd for them. Kut 'ab hab hava'igidac g u:dag ... She put (hearsay) water in (a gourd) for them ... M g va'igidacud g u:dag 'ab vako 'ab! Put water in my gourd for me!

va'igidam ha- N subst: one who puts a liquid in a container with a small opening for
somebody

va'igidam vu ha- Stat Expr tr: to be one who puts a liquid in a container with a small
opening for somebody ex: 'A:i 'a u hava'igidam g saidi. I am the one who puts gas in (tanks) for people.

va'igidas Stat sing [mult: va:pa'igidas]: to be/ have been put in a container with a small
opening (such as a bottle or an olla; said of a liquid)

va'ig see Vdtr va'igid= to put a liquid in a container with a small opening for someone va'ig N inalien indiv [pl/distr: va:pa'ig]: liquid in a container with a small opening va'ig Stat tr sing [mult: va:pa'ig]: to have a liquid in a container with a small opening
ex: Nap ge va'ig g u:dag? Do you have any drinking water (in an olla)?

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va'igku/ va'unaku va'igku N inalien indiv [pl: vapaigku; distr: va:pa'igku]: water jar, olla; faucet
(container with a small opening for liquids, such as an olla or a bottle; same as to:baku)

va'igop Vtr pls (for sgs see va'igame) [Neutr: def and hort va'igo; indef va'igop]: to
go and put a liquid in a container with a small opening; to go and get water

va'igpa Vtr [Neutr: def va'igpa]: to come back from the well once, to bring back water
in a container with a small opening (such as an olla or a bottle; same as va'igpa?) ex: Va'igpa 'ant. I just came back from the well (I just brought back water in an olla.)

va'igpa Vtr Unit [Neutr: def va'igpa. Compl: va'igpa-ok; immed: va'igpa-oka-'i]: to
come back from the well, to bring back water in a container with a small opening (same as va'igpa?) ex: Nt o 'ip va'igpaoka'i. Wait until I come back from the well.

va'igpa Vtr [Neutr: indef va'igpa. Compl: va'igpa-ok; immed: va'igpa-oka-'i. Dur:
va'igpaa-d]: to come back from the well reiteratedly, to bring back water in a container with a small opening reiteratedly ex: P hekid va'igpa? When do you come back from the well? Nt o 'ip va'igpaoka'i! Wait until I come back from the well! Pt o va'igpaad. You will be bringing water from the well.

va'u see Vtr va'un= to pull obj va'u see Vreflex 'e-va'un= to stretch oneself; to stretch va'un (met of *va'un) Vtr sgo (for plo see vap'un) [Neutr: def va'u; hort and
indef va'un; impers sgs va'una-. Correl: va'un-k; immed: va'un-ka-'i. Interr: va'una-him. Dur: va'una-d]: to pull obj ex: B(<'ab) 'att o gia g mma:gina k o 'i mva'u. We'll attach a rope to your car and pull you. 'I va'un g vijina! Pull the rope! M(<'am) g ab 'i va'unad! Keep on pulling it! M(<'am) 'apt o va'unk o to:bad. Having pulled it you will twist it. M g ab 'i va'unahid! Keep on pulling it (with interruptions)! Vo to:bahidc o va'unahid! Twist it and pull it at the same time (with interruptions)! Mo hekaj ha'icu va'un. (A yoke is) that with which they pull something.

va'un (met of *va'un) Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vap'un) [Neutr: def 'e-va'u; hort
'e-va'un]: to stretch oneself (same as 'e-'o:an); to get stretched ex: Nt o 'i va'u. I'll stretch myself.

va'unaku N inalien indiv [pl: vap'unaku]: pegs used to stretch a cow hide

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va'unc/ va'ubag va'unc (met of *va'unc) semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see vap'unc) [Neutr: def, hort,
indef va'unc. Dur: va'unci-d. Interr: va'unc=ka-him]: to have obj pegged ex: B(<'ab) 'a 'i va'unc. I am holding it. Si 'i va'uncid! Keep on holding it real hard!

va'undam (met of *va'undam) 'e- N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -va'undam=ga);
pl/distr: 'e-vap'undam]: accordion ex: Nap sma:c mapt has masma vo ge:g g 'eva'undam? Do you know how to play the accordion?

va'uppa Vtr [Neutr: indef va'uppa; concurs va'uppa-c. Dur: va'uppaa-d]: to

pull and let go of obj ex: 'Evi:bamga 'i va'uppa. He keeps pulling at his chewing gum. Va'uppac beihim g vijina. He is pulling the rope hand over hand. M 'apt o si 'i va'uppaad. You will keep on pulling on it and letting it go.

va'u (met of *va'u) Vtr sgo (for plo see vap'u): to pull at obj reiteratedly va'u (met of *van'u) Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vap'u) [Neutr: indef 'e-va'u]:
to get stretched, pulled at, reiteratedly ex: 'I 'i(<'e)va'u g 'u:li. Rubber can be pulled at.

va'u see Vtr impers va'uj= to get obj wet va'ub see Vtr va'uban= to dampen, moisten, obj va'ub Vintr [Neutr: def va'ub. Interr: va'uba-him]: to get dewy, damp
ex: Si'alim 'at o va'ub. Tomorrow it will be dewy. Va'ubahim 'o. It's getting dewy.

va'ubagid Vtr [Neutr: def va'ubag; hort va'ubagid. Correl: va'ubagid-k; immed:
va'ubagid-ka-'i]: to dampen, moisten obj (same as va'uban) ex: Ju:k 'at o va'ubag g jevu. The rain will moisten the soil. M g 'i va'ubagid! Moisten it!

va'ubagig N: dampness, drizzle (same as va'uban)

ex: Va'ubagig 'atk gei. The drizzle has started to fall.

va'ubagig s- Stat Unit: to be dewy in one location

ex: Sva'ubagig 'o. It is dewy.

va'ubag s- N: dew
ex: Gei 'atk g sva'ubag. It is dewy (the dew has fallen). T o gega g sva'ubag. It will be dewy several times.

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va'ubag[]/ va'us va'ubag[] s- Stat: to be damp, moist

ex: Ves g nuuk 'o sva'ubag. All of my shoes are damp.

va'ubag see Vtr va'ubagid= to dampen, moisten obj va'uban Vtr [Neutr: def va'ub; hort va'uban. Correl: va'uban-k; immed: va'uban-ka-'i.
Interr: va'ubana-him]: to dampen, moisten obj (same as va'ubagid) ex: Ju:k 'at o va'ub g jevu. The rain will dampen the soil. Si va'ub ['at]. I am full of dew (it dampened me a lot). M(<'am) g 'i va'uban! Dampen it! Va'ubahim 'o. It is beginning to dampen him/it.

va'uba N: dampness, drizzle (same as va'ubagig)

ex: Va'uba 'atk gei. The drizzle has started to fall.

va'uba Vintr [Neutr: indef va'uba. Interr: va'uba-him]: to be damp, moist

ex: Ha'a 'o va'uba. The olla is damp. Va'ubahim 'o. It's getting damp (said of the weather).

va'ubba Vtr impers [Neutr: def va'ubba; indef va'ubba. Dur: va'ubbaa-d]: to get obj
damp, to drizzle on obj (said about the weather) ex: T o tva'ubbaad. We'll have dampness for a few days (it will be dampening us). Tva'ubba. It's drizzling on us. va'ubba. It got me damp.

va'ug (dial: va'og) N inalien [3rd pers sg va'uga-j]: stalk, stem of a plant
pilka-va'ug N Comp alien [1st pers sg pilka-va'ug=ga]: wheat straw 'ea-va'ug NComp inalien: spine, backbone

va'ug (dial: va'og) Stat [Neutr: indef va'ug; concurs va'ug-c]: to have a stalk, stem
ex: avak va'ugc vu:. It grew with a sturdy stalk.

va'uj Vtr impers [Neutr: def va'u. Correl: va'uj-k; immed: va'uj-ka-'i. Interr: va'uj-him.]:
to get obj wet, moist ex: va'u 'ut(<'at). I am wet. Vo va'u g jevu. It will get the soil wet. ... 'o:'ogaj va'ujhim g jevu gn hu me:k. ... his tears are getting the soil wet way all around him.

va'us see Vtr va'usid= to dampen, moisten obj va'us s- Adj: damp, moist
ex: ... 'ab o 'i vanckva g sva'us hevel. ... pull down the damp wind.

va'us s- Stat: to be damp, moist

ex: 'O kia sva'us g li:va. My coat is still damp.

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va'usid/ va:ga va'usid Vtr [Neutr: def va'us; hort va'usid]: to dampen, moisten
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) va'us g cu'i. I'll moisten some flour. --M g ha va'usid! Moisten some of it!

va'usig s- Stat Unit [Neutr: indef s-va'usig; def s-va'usig=k]: to be damp/ moist in one
location ex: Jevu 'o sva'usig. The soil is damp. 'A'ak cici 'an o sva'usigk g jevu. At the mouth of each wash the soil will be damp.

va'usim s- Adv: damply

ex: Si sva'usim me g hevel. The wind blows damply.

va: -

va: see Vintr va:k= to go in, come in, enter va: see Vtr va:k= to put (something) on va: see Vreflex 'e-va:k= to be entered in va: see Vtr va:g= to mix obj with water, to irrigate va:g- Vtr Unit (for Distr see va:pag) sing (for mult see vapga) [Neutr: def va:; hort
va:g; imper sgs va:ga-/ va:gi-. Interr: va:ga-him/ va:gi-him]: to irrigate obj in one spot; to mix obj with water once ex: Nt o va: g 'oidag. I'll irrigate my field (in one spot). Pi g 'am va:g g 'e'oidag! Don't irrigate your field! 'Ab va:gahim. He is coming up this way irrigating it. Nt o ho(<ha) va: g cu'i. I'll mix some dough. Nt o va: g hodai-cu'i. I'll mix the cement. M(<'am) g ha va:g g jevu! Could you mix some soil with water!

va:g- Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-va:. Interr: 'e-va:ga-him/ 'e-va:gi-him]: to be irrigated

ex: 'Eva:gahim. It is being irrigated.

va:ga N: act of mixing something with water

ex: Nap sma:c g va:ga? Do you know how to make dough (the mixing with water)?

va:ga N inalien mass [distr: va:paga]: dough (or anything mixed with water)
ex: 'I ha ma:k g va:ga! Give me some dough! G o 'i ha'o''olat g 'eva:paga! Each one of you, roll up your dough into buns! bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: plaster mixture cu'i-va:ga NComp inalien mass: cooked flour mixed with water, pinole hodai-cu'i-va:ga NComp inalien mass: mortar, cement (when mixed with water)

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va:ga/ va:haigam
toha-bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: white clay mixture vegi-bid-va:ga NComp inalien mass: red clay mixture

va:ga Stat Unit (for Distr see va:paga): to have dough

ex: Nap ge va:ga? Do you have some dough? bid-va:ga StatComp: to have plaster ex: Nap ge bid-va:ga? Do you have any plaster?

-va:gag in s-bid-va:gag Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of clay mixture in one
location

va:gaim see Vtr va:gaime= to go and irrigate (one spot) va:gaime Vtr Unit sing (for mult see vapgaime) sgs [Neutr: def va:gaim, hort
va:gaime]: to go and irrigate one spot ex: Nt o va:gaim. I'll go and irrigate (one spot).

va:gaku/va:giku N alien indiv [pl: va:pgaiku]: instrument to mix something with

water bai-cu'i-va:gaiku s- NComp alien indiv: pinole bowl (used to mix pinole flour with water) hodai-cu'i-va:gaiku NComp alien indiv: cement mixer

va:g-cecem NComp aggreg (?): dragonfly (libulellid) va:gid Vdtr sing (for mult see vapg[a]id) [Neutr: def va:g; hort va:gid. Correl:
va:gid-k; immed: va:gid-ka-'i]: to mix obj with water once for somebody; to irrigate/ water, obj (in one spot) for somebody ex: Nt o ho(<ha) mva:g g cu'i. I'll mix you some pinole flour. 'Atp gm hu 'i 'am haha va a skovkam 'ep va:g 'ep. Later on he mixed it (the pinole flour) into a thick paste for her again. M(<'am) g ha va:gid g cu'i. Mix me some pinole flour! ia k 'am hab haha 'al skomal va:gidk 'ab ma:. Well, after he had mixed it (the pinole flour) into a thin paste, he gave it to her. G 'i va:gid g 'e'es! Could you water my plant for me!

va:g see Vdtr va:gid= to mix obj with water for somebody va:haidam Adv: with effort, difficulty (old word; same as si ham and s-hasigam)
ex: ... 'am pi va:haidam juhim. ... he is doing it effortlessly.

va:haigam s- Adv: damp, humid

ex: a 'i sva:haigam heve. A damp wind is blowing.

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va:k-/ va:kid va:k- Vintr Unit (for Repet see vapke) sgs (for pls see va:pk) [Neutr: def va:; hort
va:k. Correl: va:-k; immed: va:-ka-'i. Compl: va:ki-ok; immed: va:ki-oka-'i. Interr: va:kihim.]: to go in, to come in, to enter ex: Nt o 'i va:? Can I come in? B(<'ab) g 'i va:k! Come in! B(<'ab) g ab 'i va:k! Come right in! B(<hab) 'ant 'i 'a: mant 'am o va:. I decided to go in there. Kut 'im hu va: jevu veco. He sank below the ground. ia tp 'im hu va:. Well, he went in there (a cave). (<'a) 'ab va:khim. I am making my way through. M(<'am) 'apt o 'i va:khid. You will be making your way through. ... 'an o 'i va:khi ki:k 'oidk. ... he will go from house to house. Kunt 'am o hi: k o 'i va:k 'am o ei. I'll go there and having gotten in I'll have a look. Kunt 'am o hi: k o 'i va:kioka'ik 'am o eidoka'i. I'll go there and having gotten in I'll have a look (and I will come back here).

va:k- Vtr Unit (for Repet see vapke) sgs (for pls see va:pk) [Neutr: def va:; imper sgs
va:ki-; hort va:k]: to put obj on ex: ia k 'ab aha(<haha) va: g 'evonom[]. Well, then he put his hat on. Ps hems 'i g 'evonom[] 'ab o va:. I thought you were going to put on your hat. B(<'ab) g va:k g 'eli:va! Put on your coat!

va:k- Vreflex (Neutr: def 'e-va:]: to be entered in

ex: ... c hab a 'i ge ki:jig matp hab hi a(<va) jeg mat 'amje 'am o 'i 'i(<'e)va:. ... and it had only one entrance which was the opening from where one could get in.

va:kc semi Stat sgs (for pls see va:pkc) [Neutr: indef va:kc. Dur: va:kci-d. Interr:
va:kc=ka-him]: to have obj on ex: B(<'ab) 'a va:kc g aliv. I have pants on. B(<'ab) g ab 'i va:kcid g 'eli:va! Keep your coat on!

va:kcug Vtr sgs (for pls see va:pkcug): to be wearing obj (to move with obj on)
ex: Va:kcug g 'eli:va. He is wearing (moving wearing) his coat.

va:ki see Vtr va:kid= to put obj in, to make obj go in va:ki see Vdtr va:kid= to put obj on somebody va:kid Vtr Unit (for Repet see vapkid) sgo (for plo see va:pkid) [Neutr: def va:k;
hort va:kid. Correl: va:kid-k; immed: va:kid-ka-'i]: to put obj in, to make obj go in ex: M(<'am) 'ant o 'i va:k g haiva 'am kolaic'ea. I'll put the cow in the corral. D(<g) g hu 'i va:kid g haiva kolaic'e! Put the cow in the corral! 'I va:kid ki:c'ea! Put it inside the house! Nt o va:k g vepegi. I'll plug in the light. B(<'ab) g va:kid g vepegi! Plug in the light! ... 'am 'i va:kidk 'am hab voi gda:m hega'i matp 'am toa ku'ag. ... having taken her in there, he laid her down on top of the firewood that had been put there.

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va:kid/ va:lko va:kid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see vapkid) sgo (for plo see va:pkid) [Neutr: def va:k;
hort va:kid]: to put obj on somebody ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o mva:k g mli:va. I'll put your coat on you. B(<'ab) g va:kid g li:va! Put my coat on me!

va:kidalig N indiv [pl: vapkidalig]: coat (Pima word, same as li:va) va:kidc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see va:pkidc) [Neutr: indef va:kidc. Dur: va:kidci-d]:
to have obj put in, inserted in

va:k[i]him Vtr impers Interr sgo (for plo see va:pk[i]him): to get obj to sink in little
by little ex: 'Ee'eidk, m 'at hu ab o 'i mva:khid am u:dagc'e. Be careful, you are sinking deeper and deeper in the water. Gm hu ab 'i va:khim 'am u:dagc'e. I am sinking deeper and deeper into the water.-- ..'in hu a 'i hugk'am 'am 'i va:khim 'ekusvo 'an 'am jevuo. ..he is sinking deeper and deeper until only his neck is on a level with the ground.

va:kim s-ta Adv [distr: s-ta-va:pkim]: enterable

ex: Stava:kim cu'ig. There is a way in. Pi 'im hu tava:kim cu'ig mas s'ap 'am o gahi da'ivu ha'icu. There is no way in (it is not enterable) so that something could go through. Hehe'es 'o 'om(<'am) pi 'im hu tava:pkim cu'ig. Some places are not enterable.

va:ks in 'e-a:gid va:ks StatExpr: to be tangled up

ex: B 'i 'ea:gid va:ks g mo'oj. Her/his hair is tangled up (inserted among itself)

va:l (Span: bala) N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg: -va:l=ga); distr: vapal]: bullet(s) va:ldi (Span: barrilito) N inalien indiv [pl: vapaldi; distr: vappaldi]: bucket va:li/ va:lin (Span: barril) N inalien indiv [pl: vapli/ vaplin; distr: vappali/ vappalin]:
water tank, barrel

va:ldi-gi'aag NComp: basket handle va:ldi-u:dagim Adv Comp: by the basketful va:lit N alien/ inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg va:lita-j/ va:lit=ga-j); pl: vaplit; distr:
vappalit]: crowbar

va:lko (Span: barco) N inalien indiv [pl: vapalko; distr: vappalko]: boat

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va:mog/ va:pagt va:mog (dial: va:mug) N aggreg: mosquito

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g va:mog. I see some mosquitoes.

va:mogag (dial: va:mugag) s-Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-vapamogag): to be full
of mosquitoes in a single location

va:mul N aggreg: marshes; quicksand va:p see Vintr va:pk= to go in, come in, enter va:p see Vtr va:pk= to put obj on va:pa see Vtr va:pag= to mix obj with water, to irrigate va:pag see N vag= hole, burrow va:pag see Stat impers vag= there is a hole va:pag Vtr Distr (for Unit see va:g-) [Neutr: def va:pa; hort va:pag]: to mix obj with
water ex: M(<'am) 'amt o ho(<ha) va:pa g cu'i. Each one of you will mix some dough. M(<'am) g o ho(<ha) va:pag g cu'i! Could each one of you mix some dough!

va:paga Stat Distr (for Unit see va:ga): to have dough, or anything mixed with water
ex: Nam ge va:paga? Does each one of you have dough?

va:paga see N va:ga= something mixed with water, dough va:pagga see N vagga= hole, burrow of va:pagga see Stat vagga= to have a hole, burrow va:pagi s- Vintr [Neutr: def s-va:pagi. Interr: s-va:pagi-him]: to become numb
ex: Sva:pagi g nnovi. My hand is numb Sva:pagihim g kahio. My leg is getting numb.

va:pagig N: numbness va:pagioka'i see Vintr va:pa[mi]g= to get up va:pagka'i see Vintr va:pa[mi]g= to get up va:pagt Vintr mult (for sing see vagt) [Neutr: def, indef and hort va:pagt. Dur:
va:pagta-d]: to dig holes ex: Nt o ha'i va:pagt. I'll dig a few holes. ... 'oia 'am hab aha(<haha) va:pagt mo a(<va) 'am hab a(<va) 'a:g. ... then he immediately dug the holes as he had said. M g o ob(<vab) 'i va:pagtad! You(pl) keep on digging holes!

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va:pagta[i]ku/ va:pa'ig va:pagta[i]ku see N vagta[i]ku= shovel va:pai N alien aggreg [(1rst pers sg: -va:pai=ga]: saguaro rib(s) va:pakus N inalien aggreg: bedding (mattress, sheets, blankets)
ex: Nt o vapko g va:pakus. I'll wash my bedding.

va:pakus see vakus= flat surface va:pakusig Stat Distr (for Unit see vakus): to form a flat surface in several locations va:pakut Vtr Distr (for Unit see vakut): to make a flat surface out of obj
ex: Tapial 'apt 'am o va:pakut vakus da:m. Spread paper on the floor (in several rooms).

va:pa[mi]g Vintr pls (for sgs see vam[i]g-) [Neutr: def va:pam; indef va:pamig/
va:pamag; imper: va:pamgi-o; hort va:pamg. Correl: va:pa[mi]g-k; immed: va:pa[mi]gka-'i. Compl: va:pa[m]gi-ok; immed: va:pa[m]gi-oka-'i. Dur: va:pam[i]ga-d]: to get up ex: Tt o 'i va:pam. We'll get up. Va:pamgio! Get up! Va:pagk o ho(<ha)'ui g 'eooiga! Get up and get your pets! Pi 'ic(<'ac) va:pamig/ va:pamag domig 'e. We don't get up (early) on Sunday. 'Idam 'o pi va:pamag, (<'a) ab havupa sisialmad. They don't get up, I have to wake them up every morning. Tt o va:pamigad ves si'alig 'ab cu:dp 'o:la 'e. We'll get up every morning at 6.

va:pamgid Vtr plo (for sgo see vamgid) [Neutr: def va:pamg; hort and indef
va:pamgid]: to make obj get up ex: Pt o 'i tva:pamg hekid 'i vamigka'i. Make us get up as soon as you have gotten up. Nt o 'i vamigk o 'i 'im(<'em)va:pamg. I'll get up and make you(pl) get up. Gi'ikho 'om(<'am) 'i cum hava:pamgid. Four times he tried in vain to make them get up.

va:pamg see Vtr va:pamgid= to make obj get up va:pam[] see Vintr va:pam[i]g= to get up va:pa'ig Vtr Distr (for Unit see va'ig) [Neutr: def va:pa'i; indef va:pa'ig. Correl:
va:pa'ig-k; immed: va:pa'ig-ka-'i]: to put a liquid in a container with a small opening ex: Mt o va:pa'i g u:dag 'ab 'evapko 'ab. Each one of you will put water in your respective gourds. Namt o va:pa'i g saidi? Does each one of you want gas? Cum 'ac hekid 'i a va:pa'ig g saidi 'i:ya'a. We get gas here all the time. Mt o va:pa'igk 'ab 'evapko 'ab. Each one of you will put it (a liquid) in his gourd (for the road)

va:pa'ig Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-va'ig) [Neutr: def 'e-va:pa'i. Interr: 'e-va:pa'ig[i]him]: to be put in several containers with a small opening (said of a liquid) ex: 'Eva:pa'ighim 'o g u:dag. Water is being put in them (bottles).

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va:pa'igid/ va:pk va:pa'igid Vdtr mult (for sing see va'ig) [Neutr: def va:pa'ig; indef and hort
va:pa'igid. Correl: va:pa'igid-k; immed va:pa'igid-ka-'i. Interr: va:pa'igida-him]: to put a liquid in obj (several containers with a small opening such as bottles or ollas) ex: u:dag 'apt 'am o ho(<ha)va:pa'ig! Put water in them (bottles)! Napt 'am a(<va) hava:pa'ig? Did you put it (a liquid) in them (bottles)? M g hava:pa'igid! Put it (a liquid) in them (bottles)! M g ha'i hava:pa'igid! Put it (a liquid) in a few of them (bottles)!-- 'Am 'o ho(<ha) va:pa'igidahim. She is putting it (a liquid) in them (bottles). Tt o ha'i hava:pa'igidk. We'll put it (a liquid) in a few of them (bottles) for the road.

va:pa'igid Vdtr mult (for sing see va'igid) [Neutr: def va:pa'ig; hort va:pa'igid.
Correl: va:pa'igid-k; immed: va:pa'igid-ka-'i]: to put a liquid in several containers with a small opening for somebody ex: M(<'am) g 'i ha va:pa'igid! Could you put some of it (a liquid) in them for me!

va:pa'igidacud Vdtr mult (for sing see va'igidacud) [Neutr: def va:pa'igidac; hort
va:pa'igidacud]: to put a liquid in several containers with a small opening for somebody (same as va:pa'igid) ex: M g va:pa'igidacud! Could you put it in (them) for me!

va:pa'igidas see Stat va'igidas= to be in a container with a small opening va:pa'ig see N va'ig= liquid in a container with a small opening va:pa'ig see Stat tr va'ig= to have a liquid in a container with a small opening va:pa'igku see N va'igku: container with a small opening for liquids va:pgag s- Stat impers: to be full of holes, burrows
ex: Voho a 'i sva:pgag 'i:na'a. It is indeed full of holes (burrows) around here. Pi 'o 'on(<'an) hu ha va:pag 'i:na'a. There are no holes (burrows) around here.

va:pgaiku see N va:gaiku= instrument used to mix something with water va:phu see Vtr impers s-va:phu= to make obj sweat va:phu s- Vtr impers plo (for sgo see s-vahu) [Neutr: def s-va:phu; indef sva:phu. Interr: s-va:phua-him]: to make obj sweat ex: 'I 'it(<'at) stva:phu. We are full of sweat. 'I 'o stva:phuahim. We are beginning to sweat. 'I 'o stva:phu. We sweat a lot.

va:p[h]udag see N vahudag= perspiration, sweat va:p[h]udag see Stat s-vahudag= to sweat a lot va:pk N aggreg [loc: va:pk-t -'ab]: common reed, river cane, giant reed (Phragmites
communis)

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va:pk/ va:pkid va:pk Vintr pls (for sgs see va:k-) [Neutr: del va:p; indef va:pk; hort va:pk; concurs
va:pk-c. Correl: va:p-k; immed: va:p-ka-'i. Compl: va:pki-ok; immed: va:pki-oka-'i. Interr: va:pka-him/va:pke-him/va:pk[i]-him. Dur: va:pka-d/ va:pke-d.]: to go in, to come in, to enter ex: ... gm hu ub(<vab) va:p g haooiga. ... their horses sank in. B(<'ab) g o 'i va:pk! Come in! B(<'ab) g o 'i va:pkhim! Make your way through! Tt 'am o hihimk 'am o 'i va:pka'ik 'am o eidoka'i. Having gone there and having gone in there we will have a look (and then come back here). ..c 'am va:pk heg'ea ciho 'an 'i 'ep vuhakc 'am 'ep va:pk. ..and they go into that cave, they go out again and they go in again ..'an va:pkc 'an 'i 'ep vuhak. ..they go in and out again. B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) si 'i va:pk pi 'ab hu ontpagc g pualt. They usually come right in without knocking at the door. M(<'am) g o ob(<vab) 'i vuhakadc 'ab 'ep o 'i va:pkad/va:pked! Keep on going in and out! B(<'ab) 'amt ab o 'i va:pkadc/va:pkedc pi 'ab hu o ge ontpagad g pualt. Just come in without knocking at the door (every time you come).-- B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) si 'i va:pkahim/ va:pkehim pi 'ab hu ontpagc g pualt. They used to come in without knocking at the door.

va:pk Vtr pls (for sgs see va:k-) [Neutr: def va:p; indef va:pk; hort va:pk; imper
va:pki-o. Correl: va:p-k; immed: va:p-ka-'i]: to put obj on ex: Va:pkio g 'evopnom. Put on your hats! Tt o va:pka'i g tvopnom k aha(<haha) vo hihi! Let's put on our hats and go!

va:pkag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of reeds/ bamboo in one location va:pkc semi Stat pls (for sgs see va:kc): to have obj on
ex: B(<'ab) g o ob(<vab) 'i hava:pkcid g 'eliliva! You(pl), keep your coats on!

va:pkcug Vtr pls (for sgs see va:kcug): to be wearing obj (to move with obj on)
ex: Va:pkcug g 'eliliva. They are wearing their coats.

va:pkid Vtr plo (for sgo see va:kid) [Neutr: def va:pk; hort and indef va:pkid. Correl:
va:pkid-k; immed: va:pkid-ka-'i. Compl: va:pkid-ok; immed va:pkid-oka-'i. Dur: va:pkida-d]: to put obj in, to make obj go in ex: Nt o 'i va:pk ha'icu. I'll bring the things in. ..g hu 'i hava:pk 'eki: 'e. ..she made them go into her house. M(<'am) g ha'i va:pkid g pa:n pa:ntakuc'e! Put some buns (or loaves or slices of bread) in the bread oven! Nap i hava:pkid g 'ehaivaga? Are you putting your cows in (the corral)? Vo 'i hava:pkidad! Make them keep on going in and out! Napt 'an o va:pk g 'enanhagio? Are you going to put on your earrings (person has pierced ears)? Napt 'an o va:pkidk g 'enanhagio? Are you going to wear your earrings?

va:pkid Vdtr plo (for sgo see va:kid) [Neutr: def va:pk; indef and hort va:pkid]: to
put obj on somebody ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'emva:pk g 'emliliva. I'll put your coats on you. N g va:pkid! Put them on me!

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va:pkidc/ Va:vgam va:pkidc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see va:kidc) [Neutr: indef va:pkidc. Dur: va:pkidcid]: to have obj put in, inserted in ex: Nap 'an va:pkidc g 'enanhagio? Do you have your earrings on (person has pierced ears)? N g ab(<vab) 'i va:pkidcid g 'enanhagio! Keep your earrings on (person has pierced ears)!

va:pk[i]him Vtr impers Interr plo (for sgo see va:k[i]him): to get obj to sink in little
by little

va:pkim see Adv Expr s-ta-va:kim= enterable va:pk see Vtr va:pkid= to put obj in, to make obj go in va:pk see Vdtr va:pkid= to put obj on somebody va:psig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-va:sig); to be full of broomweeds in several
locations

va:s N aggreg: broomweeds

ex: Smu'ij g va:s 'ama'i. There is a lot of broomweeds over there.

va:sig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-va:psig): to be full of broomweed in one
location

va:so (Span: baso) N inalien indiv [pl: vapso; distr: vappso]: can
ex: M(<'am) g hu vua hega'i va:so! Throw away that can! M(<'am) g hu ulig hegam vapso! Throw away those cans! Nt o 'iava g vapso 'am 'akc'e. I'll throw away the cans (in a container) in the wash.

va:v (dial: va:v) N inalien: father (term used by a child to address or refer to his father
when the latter belongs to the Va:vgam sib of the Buzzard moiety. This sib seems to be found only among the Kokllodi).

va:vag N aggreg: a variety of fox va:vag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of foxes in one location Va:vgam N aggreg: the group of people belonging to a sib of the Buzzard moiety
(Affiliation to the group is carried through the males)

Va:vgam vu Stat Expr: to be (a) member(s) of the Va:vgam group

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) Va:vgam. He is a Va:vgam. Hegam 'o (<vu) Va:vgam. They are Va:vgam.

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va:'o/ vecijkam va:'o N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: va:'o-j); pl: vapa'o; distr: vappa'o]: wooden tongs
for picking prickly pear fruits

-va:'o in ho'ok-va:'o NComp aggreg: nightblooming cereus (Peniocerus greggi) va:'o Stat sing [mult: vapa'o]: to have a pair of wooden tongs for picking prickly pear
fruits ex: Nap ge va:'o? Do you(sg) have a pair of wooden tongs? Nap ge vapa'o? Do you have (several) pairs of wooden tongs?

va:'ocud Vdtr sing: to make a pair of wooden tongs for picking prickly pear fruits out
of obj for somebody

va:'os see Vreflex 'e-va:'osid= to get stuck somewhere va:'osid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapa'osid) [Neutr: def 'e-va:'os; hort 'e-va:'osid]:
to get stuck somewhere ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)va:'os. You'll get stuck. va:'os 'ant. I got stuck. 'E-'etk(<'atk)'eva:'os. It is stuck. Pi g 'am 'eva:'osid! Don't (you sg) get stuck there!

va:'osidc semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vapa'osidc) [Neutr: def and indef 'eva:'osidc. Dur: 'e-va:'osidci-d. Interr: 'e-va:'osidc=ka-him]: to be stuck somewhere

-va:'osidk in Komkcud 'eVa:'osidk NExpr: name of Sells (place where a turtle

got stuck)

va:'ot Vtr sing: to make a pair of wooden tongs for picking prickly pear fruits out of obj

ve-

vecij Adj sg [pl: vepcij]: young, new

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vecij 'o'ohon. It is a new book.

vecij vu Stat Expr: to be young

ex: ho:ig 'o ba'ic u 'i vecij. My wife is younger than me.

vecijkam N subst [pl: vepcijkam]: young, new one

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Vecij-/ veco[k] Vecij-'Ahidag NComp [loc: Vecij-'Ahidag-c-'e]: New Year, New Year's Day
ex: Vecij-'Ahidag 'at 'e'ai. It's New Year's (Day).

vecjig s- Stat sgs [pls: s-vepcjig]: to be young, new

ex: Pi g 'am has a 'i 'e'a:gad, p ab kia svecjig. Don't worry, you are still young. 'O ob(<vab) kia svepcig. They are still young.

veco Postp [distr: vepco]: below, under

ex: Kut si'alimk ga hu o 'ehemapa gveco do'ag. Early in the morning they will gather at the foot of the mountain. G hu tveco ha'i ki:. There are some people living under us. ia k 'am 'ep gei 'ep 'oia g hu si 'i(<'e)bid g hu bidc'ea g hu u:dag veco. Well, then he dived again but he got stuck in the mud, underneath the water. Tp 'am 'i ei hega'i 'uv hega'i ogivul k 'am bek g hu dai 'eveco. The woman saw the kickball, she took it and put it under herself. (<ku) 'in veco cihog. they say there was a cave below him. C g daiku 'an ke:k mi:sa-ku:g veco. And there is a chair (standing) under the edge of the table. 'O 'om(<'am) ba:me mi:sa veco. He is crawling under the table. C ab 'am ju:p jevu veco hega'i viappoi. And the boy just sank below the ground. 'Im o himk 'am o dahiva hegda:m do'ag matp 'am gveco pi 'i(<'e)je:kc! Go and alight on top of that mountain below which he couldn't be tracked! Gm hu ha'icu eid 'eveco. He could see way below himself. Tvepco ki:k. They live under us (on several floors). 'Am hihhimc g hu 'epipilsa vepco ha je:id. As each one of them goes there, he smokes (some) under his blanket. vepco him. He is walking below me (all over). 'Ab 'ep hi: u:dag vepco. Again he went (all over) under water.

vecoag N inalien indiv [pl: vepcoag; distr veppcoag]: slip, petticoat

ex: M(<'am) g 'i havapkon g vepcoag! Could you wash my slips!

veco-ge:sig NComp [loc: veco-ge:sig-c-'e]: sediment (something that has fallen

underneath)

vecohim Vtr Interr: to get under obj, somebody's authority

ex: B(<'ab) 'o ob(<vab) vecohim. He/they is/are in the process of getting under me (my authority).

vecoji Postp [distr: vepcoji]: from under

ex: Huu vecoji= from under the West 'im hu tvecoji= from under us 'im hu havepcoji= from under them (in various places)

veco[k] Stat tr [Neutr: veco[k]; def vecok. Interr: vecoka-him. Dur: vecoka-d]: to be
under obj, somebody's authority

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veco[k]/ vegidaku
ex: ... ondal mo 'om(<'am) veco[k] ... the soldiers who are under me. B(<'ab) 'a ab haveco. I am just under them (their authority). B(<'ab) 'ant ab o ho(<ha)vecok. I'll just be under them (their authority).

vecokam N subst: something or somebody being underneath vecokam vu Stat Expr: to be something or somebody underneath
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ab vecokam. It is just a deposit (sediment). D(<vu) 'a ab havecokam. I am just under them (their authority).

veco-kami NComp inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -veco-kami; 3rd pers sg vecokamia-j); pl: vepco-kakami; distr: vepco-kakkami]: undershirt, T-shirt

veco-aliv NComp inalien indiv [pl: vepco-aaliv; distr: vepco-aaliv]: underpants vegcu s- N subst sg [pl: s-vepegcu]: red one vegi Vintr sgs (for pls see vepegi) [Neutr: def vegi. Interr: vegi-him]: to become red
ex: Si 'iptk(<'aptk) vegi. You are flushed (you have gotten very red).

vegi-bid NComp mass alien [1st pers sg -vegi-bid=ga]: red clay vegi-bidag s- Stat Comp: to be full of red clay
ex: 'Am 'o svegi-bidag. It is full of red clay over there.

vegi-bid-va:ga NComp mass inalien [1st pers sg -vegi-bid-va:ga; 3rd pers sg vegibid-va:ga-j]: red clay mixture (red clay mixed with water)

vegi-bid-va:ga s- StatComp: to have red clay mixture

ex: Nap ge svegi-bid-va:ga? Do you have some red clay mixture?

vegid Vtr sgo (for plo see vepegid) [Neutr: def and hort vegid]: to redden, paint obj red
(same as vegijid) ex: Nt o vegid g ki: svegima. I'll paint my house red.

vegid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vepegid) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-vegid]: to paint
oneself red (same as 'e-vegijid) ex: B(<'ab) g 'i 'i(<'e)vegid. Paint yourself red.

vegidaku N inalien [distr: vepegidaku]: flashlight (same as tonlidaku)

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vegidc/ vegivegidc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: def and indef 'e-vegidc. Interr: 'e-vegidc=ka-him. Dur:
'e-vegidci-d]: to light oneself, to have the light on ex: P hascukaj 'evigidc? What kind of light do you use? Ge cuhug 'evegidc. He had the light on all night long. Mams hascukaj o 'o(<'e)vegidc o 'oiyopod? What kind of light will you use when you are around? Pi g 'am ge cuhug 'evegidcid. Don't keep the light on all night long.

vegij see Vtr vegijid= to redden/ paint obj red vegijid Vtr sgo (for plo see vepegijid) [Neutr: def vegij; hort vegijid]: to redden obj,
paint obj red (same as vegid) ex: Nt o vegij g ki: svegima. I'll paint my house red. Nt o 'i vegij g nci. I'll put lipstick on (I'll redden my mouth). G 'i vegijid g 'eci! Put lipstick on!

vegijid Vreflex sgs: to paint oneself red (same as 'e-vegid)

ex: Pt hascukaj 'evegij? With what did you paint yourself red? B(<'ab) g 'i 'i(<'e)vegijid! Paint yourself red!

vegijidaku N inalien: instrument to paint something red

ci-vegijidaku NComp inalien [sg (1st pers sg n-ci-vegijidaku; 3rd pers sg civegijidakua-j)]: lipstick (mouth reddener); lipstick tube ex: Nt o hema nolot g ci-vegijidaku. I'll buy a lipstick tube. Nt o ha'i hanolot g ci-vepegijidaku. I'll buy a few lipstick tubes. ka:kam-vepegijidaku NComp inalien: rouge (cheek reddener)

vegima s- Adv [distr: s-vepegim]: red

ex: Cum 'o svegima bidhunas. It was painted red. Svepegim ssi:bamag. It is covered with red spatters. Svepegim 'ab 'o'ohoag. It has red designs.

vegium s- Adj sg [pl: s-vepegium]: pink

ex: Hema 'a svegium 'ipu. I have a pink dress.

vegium s- Stat sgs [pls: s-vepegium]: to be pink

ex: Svegium 'o. It is pink. Svepegium 'o. They are pink.

vegiumi Vintr sgs (for pls see vepegiumi) [Neutr: def vegiumi. Interr: vegium[i]him]: to become pink ex: Vegiumi 'itk(<'atk). It is pink (the sky at sunset or sunrise). Tk a(<va) ab a 'i vegiumhi. It has just started getting quite pink (a fruit).

vegi-vama NComp indiv [pl: vepegi-vahamma]: a variety of snake (red snake)

ex: Smu'ij g vepegi-vahamma. There are lots of red snakes.

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vegi-/ vehemmat vegi-vamaag s- Stat Comp impers Unit: to be full of red snakes in one location veg s- Adj sgs [pl s-vepeg]: red
ex: 'Id 'i takaj 'ant 'ab o va: g sveg 'ipu. Today I'll put on my red dress.

veg[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-veg; def s-veg=k. Interr: s-veg=ka-him. Dur: sveg=ka-d); pls: s-vepeg]: to be red ex: 'Ab o vu: g cevag k o svegkad hega'i cevag. A cloud will rise and that cloud will be red.

vegk s- Stat impers: there is a red spot

ex: B(<'ab) g ha 'iava g alcohol 'aba'i mo 'ob(<'ab) svegk 'aba'i! Pour some alcohol (on me) where there is a red spot!

veheji Postp: for, in place of, with obj

ex: No 'om(<'am) ha'icu vi'is 'am veheji? Is there anything left for me? M(<'am) g 'i 'apcud g ki: 'am nna'naipijhu haveheji? Could you prepare the house for my friends? Kut o a(<va) ko'oko 'am havehehi. It will hurt them (it will get painful for them). Nt o moikad g hog 'am veheji. I'll tan the hide for him. K hascu u 'i:da'a 'am tveheji? In what way does this concern us (what is this for us)? Pi 'ic(<'ac) ha i'ok 'am table veheji. We do not have a word for table. M(<'am) g o kia cikpan 'am tveheji! Could you(pl) replace us for a while (work in place of us)! Cikpan 'a 'am haveheji 'idam. I am replacing them. Nap 'am a(<va) s'ape veheji? Are you satisfied with me? heg-veheji Conj: in order to ex: Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'ape hegveheji maps 'am o va: 'am ki: 'e. I am not good enough for you to enter my house. Kutt 'i a(<va) dada hegveheji matt 'am o tho'ige'idahu 'am vui. We came here in order to pray to him.

vehejikam vu Stat Expr: to be good for/ useful to obj

ex: Hascu u vehejikam hega'i? What is that good for? Vu o 'uvc am a(<va) ha'icu vu o vehejikamk. Being a woman, she will be useful to me.

vehemmat Vtr Repet (for Unit see ve:mt) [Neutr: indef vehemmat]: without 'i: to join,
pair with obj repeatedly; with 'i: to help obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) vehemmat. He pairs with me each time. Mt o 'i vehemmatad. You all will be helping me, each time!

vehemmat Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ve:mt) [Neutr: indef 'e-vehemmat. Interr:
'e-vehemmata-him]: to join, pair with each other repeatedly (used without 'i) ex: Hegam 'o 'o(<'e)vehemmat cum hekid. They pair with each other all the time. Hegam 'o cum hekid 'ab 'evehemmatahim. They used to pair with each other all the time.

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vehemmat/ vepcjig
'a'ai 'i 'e-vehemmat VExpr reflex Repet (for Unit see 'a'ai 'i 'e-ve:mt): to help one another repeatedly ex: 'A'ai 'i 'i(<'e)vehemmat. They help each other, each time.

venog Conj: when, while (same as 'ea)

ex: B(<'ab) haeid g television mapt venog jiva. I was looking at TV when you came. Begi, ia'a, venog matsp 'ea 'in 'o'odhamag hek hu ... Well, see, once upon a time there were people, long ago ... Venog 'am 'enavai. That is when wine was made for the first time. Nat pi hek hu hab cu'ig g jevu matsp venog svecjig. Because that is what the world was like, long ago, when it was young.

veim N: satiation of hunger for meat

ex: Ha'icuk g veim 'am ki: 'am. There is satiation at my house.

veva Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see vepva) [Neutr: def veva]: to satisfy one's hunger
for meat ex: Veva 'ant. I am no longer craving meat.

vepc see Adj s-ve:c= heavy vepc see Stat s-ve:c= to be heavy vepccu see N s-ve:cu= heavy weight vepccu see Stat Expr vu s-ve:cu= to be a heavy weight vepcdag see N ve:cdag= weight of something or somebody vepci Vintr pls (for sgs see ve:ci) [Neutr: def vepci. Interr: vepci-him]: to become
heavy ex: Vepci 'itt(<'att). We are heavy. Vepcihim 'o. They are getting heavy.

vepcid Vtr plo (for sgo see ve:c[i]d) [Neutr: def and hort vepcid]: to weigh obj down
(same as vepc[i]jid) ex: Nt o 'i havepcid. I'll weigh them down.

vepcij see Adj vecij= young, new vepcij see Vtr ve:cjid= to weigh obj down vepc[i]jid Vtr plo (for sgo see ve:c[i]jid) [Neutr: def vepcij; hort vepcjid]: to weigh
obj down (same as vepcid)

vepcim see N s-ve:cim= heavy one vepcim see Stat Expr vu s-ve:cim= to be a heavy one vepcjig see Stat s-vecjig= to be young, new

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vepco/ vepegi vepco see Postp veco= below, under vepcoag see N vecoag= slip, petticoat vepcoag N inalien aggreg: underwear (same as vepco-'ega) vepcoji see Postp vecoji= from under vepco-kakami see NComp veco-kami= undershirt vepco-kakkami see NComp veco-kami= undershirt vepco-aaliv see NComp veco-aliv= underpants vepco-aaliv see NComp veco-aliv= underpants vepco-'ega NComp inalien aggreg: underwear (same as vepcoag) vepegcu see N s-vegcu= red one vepege Vintr inpers Unit (for Distr see veppege) [Neutr: def and indef vepege; concurs
vepege-c. Interr: vepeg[e]-him]: to strike (said of lighting) ex: Si vepege 'et(< 'at). Lightning struck hard. Tohoabad 'o jujkudc vepege. In summer there are thunder storms (it rains and there is lightning). 'I 'o va 'i vepeghim. Lightning is coming this way. Vepegec kokpec ju:k. It is lightning and thundering and raining. M o jujkud 'am o si vepege. When it rains lightning strikes.

vepegi N: electricity; electric switch; electric line

ex: Pi mei g vepegi mant 'am 'i cum mehi, tp hu 'i 'i(<'e)pac. The electricity did not go on (burn) when I tried to turn it on (burn it), maybe it is out of order. M(<'am) 'at o a(<va) meihid g vepegi ki:jigt'am. The electricity will be on (burning) at the entrance door. 'U'uvhig 'atk 'an dahiva vepegit'an. A bird alighted on the electric line. Vepegi 'an vava. There is an electric line. Vepegi 'an vavpa. There are several electric lines. Nt o 'i dag g vepegi. I'll push down the electric switch.

vepegi N: show, movie

ex: Hema 'ant ei g vepegi. I saw a movie. Skegaj 'ok g vepegi. It looks like a good movie. Sta-'ak(<'ok)-'e:bidama g vepegi. It looks like a frightening movie. Sta:hadag 'ok g vepegi. It looks like an amusing movie. Nt ab ha'as hu 'i ha ei g vepegi k ga hu 'i vu:. I saw only some of the show (some for a while) and then I went out. 'Ea hugk 'am 'ant ha ei g vepegi k 'i vu:. I saw half of the show and then went out.

vepegi Vreflex impers [Neutr: def and indef vepegi. Interr: vepegi-him. Dur: vepegi-d]:
there is a show, movie ex: T o 'o(<'e)vepegi. I hear there is going to be a show. 'E-'o-'o(<'e)vepegi. The show is on. Ve takaj 'o 'o(<'e)vepegi. There is a show every day. Go:k domig ve:gaj 'o

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vepegi/ vepegi-na:daku
'o(<'e)vepegi. There is a show every two weeks. Hek hu ves domig cum 'evepegihimc hemu haha pi 'i(<'e)vepegi. There used to be a show every week but now there is not. 'I a(<va) 'i 'amje ves domig vo 'o(<'e)vepegid. From now on there will be a show every week.

vepegi Vintr pls (for sgs see vegi) [Neutr: def vepegi. Interr: vepegi-him]: to become
red ex: Si vepegi 'itk(<'atk) g to:tonaj. His knees are red (have gotten red). Baihim 'o kc vepegihim g mans:na. The apples are getting progressively riper and redders.

vepegid Vtr plo (for sgo see vegid) [Neutr: def and hort vepegid]: to redden obj, to
paint obj red (same as vepegijid)

vepegid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vegid) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-vepegid]: to paint
oneselves red (same as 'e-vepegijid)

vepegidaku see N vegidaku= flashlight vepegijid Vtr plo (for sgo see vegejid) [Neutr: def vepegij; hort vepegijid]: to redden
obj, paint obj red (same as vepegid) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vepegij g dadaiku. I'll paint the chairs red.

vepegi-la:mba NComp: electric bulb vepegim see Adv s-vegima= red vepegimad Vreflex [Neutr: def and indef vepegimad]: to get an electric shock
ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-'evepegimad. He/they got an electric shock. vepegimad 'ant. I got an electric shock. Hekid ab a(<va) dagap hemho va vepegimad. Every time I touch it I get an electric shock.

vepegime Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vepegimme) sgs (for pls see 'evepegiop) [Neutr: def 'e-vepegim; hort 'e-vepegime]: to go to a show, movie
ex: Nt o vepegim. I'll go to the show.

vepegimme Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vepegime) sgs [Neutr: indef 'evepegimme]: to go repeatedly to a show, movie ex: Ves domig 'a vepegimme. I go to a show every week.

vepegi-na:daku NComp inalien [1st pers sg: -vepegi-na:daku; 3rd pers sg:
vepegi-na:dakua-j]: electric range

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vepegiop/ vepeg-pilka vepegiop Vreflex pls (for sg see 'e-vepegime) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-vepegio]: to
go to a show, a movie ex: Tt o tvepegio. We'll go to the show.

vepegi-pilsa NComp indiv [pl: vepegi-pipilsa]: electric blanket vepegi-pla:ncaku NComp inalien: electric iron vepegium see Adj s-vegium= pink vepegium see Stat s-vegium= to be pink vepegiumi Vintr pls (for sgs see vegiumi) [Neutr: def vepegiumi. Interr: vepegium[i]him]: to become pink ex: ... k ha'i 'ab haha b(<vab) 'i vepegiumhi. ... and then some (fruit) had got progressively pinker.

vepegi-vainom[] NComp alien indiv [sg (2nd pers sg m-vepegi-vainom=ga); pl:

vepegi-vapainom[]]: roll, piece, of electric wire

vepegi-vapkonaku NComp inalien aggreg: electric washing machine vepegi-vaai NComp aggreg: a bush, tangleweed (red weed) vepegi-vaaig s- StatComp: to be full of tangleweed
ex: Svepegi-vaaig 'ama'i. It is full of tangleweed over there

vepegi-vavaim NComp sg [pl: vepegi-vavpaim]: roll of electric wire, power line

ex: 'Atk 'an dahiva vepegi-vavaimt'an. It alighted on the power line (evidential).

vepegi-'u:s NComp indiv [pl: vepegi-'u'us]: electric pole

ex: 'Idam 'o (<vu) vepegi-'u'us 'an hab o 'evav g vepegi. These are electric poles for the electric line to be stretched on.

vepeg see Adj s-veg= red vepeg[] see Stat s-veg[]= to be red vepeg-kaikam NComp aggreg: a variety of melon seeds (red seeded ones) vepeg-pilka NComp alien aggreg [1st pers sg vepeg-pilka=ga; 3rd pers sg
vepeg-pilka=ga-j]: Sonora wheat (red wheat)

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vepem[a]jim/ vepva vepem[a]jim see N ve:m[a]jim= companion vepem[a]jim 'e-N sing [mult: 'e-ve'evemjim]: a couple of companions vepem[a]jim vu 'e- Stat Expr sing [mult: 'e-ve'evemjim]: to be a couple of
companions ex: Hegam 'o 'ob(<'ab) u 'evepemjim. They are companions. Hegam 'o (<vu) 'eve'evemjim. They are couples of companions.

vepemgel see N ve:mgel= brother, friend, partner vepemgalig see N ve:mgalig= brother, friend, partner vepencud Vtr plo (for sgo see ve:ncud) [Neutr: def vepenc; hort vepencud]: to match,
pair, graft, obj ex: Nt o 'i havepenc hegam kakalssida. I'll pair these socks. B(<'ab) g 'i havepencud g kakalssida! Pair the socks!

vepencud Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-ve:ncud) [Neutr: def 'e-vepenc]: to form
several pairs

vepnad Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-ve:n[a]d) sing [Neutr: indef 'e-vepnad]: to mix
with each other repeatedly, to form a couple repeatedly ex: Hegam go:k 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'evepnad. Those two pair with each other each time.

vepnad Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-ve:n[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort 'e-vepnad. Interr:
'e-vepnada-him]: to form several couples ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'ab o 'o(<'e)vepnad. Soon they will form couples. B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<'e)vepnad. Get your respective partners (form couples). 'Evepnadahim 'o. They are in the process of forming couples.

vepnad Vdtr Repet (for Unit see ve:n[a]d) [Neutr: indef vepnad]: to mix obj with
something repeatedly ex: Nap vepnad g kavh: g vi:b? Do you put milk in your coffee (mix milk with coffee) each time?

vepnag see N ve:nag= sibling vepnag see Stat Expr vu ve:nag= to be somebody's sibling vepnagba see N ve:nagba= deceased sibling vepva Vintr Unit pls (for sgs see veva) [Neutr: def vepva]: to satisfy one's craving
for meat ex: Vepva 'att. We are no longer craving meat.

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vepo/-vepoag vepo Postp [distr: ve'eppo]: same as obj

ex: Tvepo kaidam eiok. They speak the same as we do. vepo 'o cu'ig. He is like me. Mvepo 'o ha'asig. He is of the same build as you are. vepo ha'as cevaj. He is as tall as I am. D(<vu) 'aptp o vepo ge'e hemajkamk kutp o s'apekad hega'i. If you(sg) were as much of a grown up as I am, it would be all right. Nt o a(<va) hama: 'am ab 'i 'emvepo hugk 'am. I will give them the same amount as to you(pl). vepo 'o ma:s. He looks like me. Tvepo 'o mams. They look like us. Hegvepo ma:s mo g ha'icu vi:ghig. It looks like fluff (something downy). Vepo ma:s mo g ha'icu kai. It looks like a seed. 'I:da'a sigal 'o vepo ma:s mo hega'i. This cigarette looks the same as that one. No 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'evepo mams? Do they look alike? Hegam 'eveponkam 'evepo mams. Those siblings look alike. vepo 'o masma. He is like me. Tvepo masma hab 'evua. They do the same as we do. 'Evepo ha'icu sma:c. They have the same knowledge. 'Evepo haha'asij /'Eve'eppo ha'asij . They have the same build. Pi 'evepo kaidam 'am hu hab o 'o(<'e)cei 'i:da'a. This (story) will not be said (everywhere) in the same way (same as itself). Pi heba'i 'evepo ma:s 'i:da'a je:gida. This story is never the same (looks like itself). 'Eve'eppo mams. They look like each other. 'Eve'eppo ha'icu sma:c. They have the same knowledge.

vepo in vab gvepo m- ... / vab hegvepo m- ... Adv Expr: it is likely that, it
seems that ex: B(<vab) gvepo mo 'ob(<'ab) him. It is likely that it is him coming. B hegvepo matt hab masma vab spehegim o mua. It is likely that this is the easiest way for us to kill her. B(<vab) gvepo matk v(<vo) va shoho'idacudad. It is probable that I will like her (she will please me).

vepo-cu'igam NComp inalien aggreg [reflex: 'e-vepo-cu'igam; 3rd pers sg: vepocu'igama-j]: one's kind ex: M(<'am) g himk g 'evepo-cu'igam vo ho(<ha)ve:majk. Go and be with your own kind. Pi 'i(<'a) hahoho'id g vepo-cu'igamaj. I don't like his kind.

vepoag Stat tr [sgs (Neutr: indef vepoag; def vepoag=k. Interr: vepoag-ka-him.
Dur: vepoag-ka-d); pls: ve'eppoag]: to be on a level with, as tall as, obj ex: vepoag 'o. He is as tall as I am. ve'eppoag 'o. They are as tall as I am (as me). 'U'us 'am cu:cc gn hu have'eppoag g ki:k. The trees stand as high as the tops of the houses (way up they are even with the houses). -vepoag Stat: to be like (something specified) cucul-vepoag Stat Comp sgs: to be like a chicken (same as cuculag) ex: a cucul-vepoag 'o hega'i. He is pretty much like a chicken (he goes to bed early). sivulogi-vepoag Stat Comp sgs: to be like a whirlwind (same as sivulogiag) ex: Heg 'o a sivulogi-vepoag. He is pretty much like a whirlwind. 'ali-vepoag Stat Comp sgs: to be like a child (same as 'aliag) ex: a 'ali-vepoag hega'i. He is pretty much like a child.

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vepoag/ vepot vepoag s-'e- Stat reflex: to be the same, level

ex: S'evepoag 'o g jevu. The ground is level. ... heghekaj mo 'om(<'am) a(<va) pi 'i(<'e)vepoag 'i:da'a ha'icu 'a:ga. ... because this story varies (is not the same as itself).

vepogid Vtr Unit (for Repet see ve'eppogid) [Neutr: def vepog; hort vepogid]: to
make obj alike, level, even ex: Nt o 'i havepog. I'll make them alike. B(<'ab) g 'i vepogid! Could you make it even (with something else)! B(<'ab) g 'i havepogid! Could you make them even! N(<'an) g 'i vepogid g 'u:s! Could you make the tree (top) even! Kupt 'ea ab 'am 'i tvepogidk ha'akia hanamkid. However, you paid them exactly the same amount as us (having equalled us, you paid them a certain amount).

vepogid Vreflex tr Unit (for Repet see 'e-ve'eppogid; for Distr see 'e-ve'eppogid)
[Neutr: def 'e-vepog; hort and indef 'e-vepogid. Dur: 'e-vepogida-d. Interr: 'e-vepogidahim]: to turn into, to act like, imitate, obj ex: Heg 'at o 'o(<e)vepog kavyu hega'i. He will turn into a horse, that one. Heg 'ant o vepog hu'u mo 'om(<'am) dadde huhuuka. I will turn into that star that sets every evening. Heg 'ant o vepog ma u hohogimel. I will turn into what is called (hearsay) a butterfly. ia c 'am hab haha cukvama 'evepog hega'i ma u ge'ecu. Well, and then he turned into a black racer snake, the one who was (hearsay) the eldest. Hadadgedam 'ant o vepog. I will imitate a wrestler. a:cu 'up(<'ap) cum 'evepogid? What are you(sg) trying to imitate? Juum 'a cum vepogid. I am trying to imitate a bear. Mt o ha'icu 'u(<'e)vepogidad. Each one of you will be imitating something.

vepogidaku N: leveler, plane (instrument to make something level) vepogidas Stat: to be leveled out
ex: Vepogidas g jevu. The ground is leveled out.

veponkam 'e- N sing: a pair of siblings

ex: Hegam 'eveponkam 'evepo mams. Those siblings look alike.

veponkam vu 'e- Stat Expr sing: to be siblings to each other

ex: Ku 'am ha'i ki: vu a(<va) 'eveponkam cioj k 'uv ve:m. Some people lived there who were siblings, a man and a woman (hearsay).

vepot Vtr Unit (for Repet see ve'eppot) [Neutr: def and hort vepot. Interr: vepotahim]: to get even with, the same height as, obj ex: ia'a, vepot 'at g do'ag g ku:bs. Look, the smoke is even with the mountain. Mat hekid 'am ab o 'i cum vepot g ku:bs g do'ag, nt o hi:. As soon as the smoke gets about even with the mountain, I'll go. Vepotahim 'o. It is getting even with it.

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vepot/ ves ha'icu vepot Vreflex: to get level, even

ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-vepot. It is level.

veppcoag see N vecoag= slip, petticoat, underwear veppege Vintr impers Distr (for Unit see vepege): to strike (lightning) in various
places ex: Veppege 'o. It (lightning) is striking in several places.

vepscu see N vescu= all of one's possessions, clothes vepstmm see N vestmn= dime ves Mod subst: completely, all
ex: Ves 'i ce 'atk g ta. The sun is completely up. Ge ves o 'o(<'e)hai. It is going to crack up completely. Cum 'alo ves 'i ce g ta. The sun is almost completely up. ... c 'ep hegam ves mat ka: 'i:da'a ... ... and all those who heard this ... ... c ves hegam mo 'om(<'am) kaiham ... ... and all those who listen to him ... Heg 'at ves o tvo:po'i g ha'icu thug. He is going to take away from us all of our food. M(<'am) 'amt ves o 'i havanckva g hemajkam. You(pl) will dominate all the people. 'Id 'o haba'ivckim 'i ge'ej mo ves g a'i. This is the biggest of all the weeds. Heg 'at u o ho(<ha)vuikamk ves g 'a'alga. That will be for all my children. va ves Adv Expr: exactly ex: Heg 'ac a(<va) ves 'am hab 'elid. That is exactly what we have in mind. Heg 'a a(<va) ves 'am cegtohim. That is exactly what l am thinking about.

vescu N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg -vescu=ga); distr: vepscu]: all of one's possessions,
clothing ex: 'Am ab 'i ve:c g havescuga. All of their possessions were still lying there. Va:ugo g 'evepscuga! Each one of you take off all of your (respective) clothes! Va:uga g 'evescuga! Take off all of your clothes!

vescu vu Stat Expr: to be all that one has

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vescu. That is all I have.

ves haba'ic 'i Adv Expr: the most of all

ex: Ves haba'ic 'i sto. It is the hottest of all.

ves ha'icu NExpr: everything

ex: 'Am haha mehi ves ha'icu. Then he/they burned everything. No 'om(<'am) a(<va) ves ha'icu s'ape? Is everything all right?

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vesig/ Vestmmvesig Adv subst: all of it

ex: Tp vesig 'am si mehi hegam hemajkam. The people had burnt all of it. Vesig 'am 'evahava. All of it came off.

vesig Stat: to be all here, completely here

ex: Vesig 'o. All of it is here. Pi vesig 'o. He is not all here (about someone who is absent minded). Vesigkahim 'o. It was all there. a 'ap a(<va) pi vesig. You are not quite completely here (you are a bit crazy).

vesij Quant (modifies the subject of the utterance): all of

ex: Vesij 'amt 'am o hihi. All of you will go there. ... mam vesij sma:c. ... as you all know. Koko vesij. All of them are sick. Kut vesij 'ab o je:j. All of them will smoke it. Kut vesij o va ei. All of them will see it/him. Kutt vesij 'ab o a(<va) hu: 'i:da'a cu:kug. All of us will eat this meat.

vesij Stat: to be all here

ex: Vesij 'o. They are all here. Vesij 'ac. We are all here. --Vesijkahim 'o. They used to be all there.

vesko Adv: all over the place

ex: Vesko melhim. He is running (driving) all over. Vesko 'oimme. He is walking around all over the place. 'In 'at vesko vo 'i enaa 'i:da'a do'ag. He will inspect this mountain all over. Hab masma hab cu'ig matp hega'i vesko jevu u:dagim vo himk o hu:gio g ha'icu 'i doakam. It looks like he will go all over the earth and wipe out the various kinds of animals. 'An 'at ge vesko 'oidk o 'i himhi hega'i k vesko enaa. He will go all over the place and will inspect it all over.

veskoji Adv: from all over

ex: Veskoji 'i a(<va) dada. They came here from all over.

ves sisialmad Adv Expr: every morning ves takaj Adv Expr: every day
ex: Ves takaj 'a nanamek. I meet him every day.

vestmm Num [distr: ve'evepstmm]: ten (all of our fingers)

ex: gokko vestmm= twenty (twice ten) vaikko vestmm= thirty (three times ten) -Ve'evepstmm= in groups of ten.

vestmm N sg [pl: vepstmm]: dime Vestmm-Cihaig NComp(?): The Ten Commandments

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vestmmho/ ve'eppogid vestmmho Adv subst: ten times

ex: gokko vestmmho= twenty times (twice ten times)

vestmmpa Adv subst: in ten places ves 'o:la 'e Adv Expr: every hour vev[e]gim s- Adv: noisily, with a grinding noise
ex: Si svevgim me g ma:gina. The car runs with a grinding noise.

vevk/ vevak Num: [distr: ve'evk]: seven

ex: gamai vevk= seventeen gokko (vestmm) vevk= twenty-seven vaikko (vestmm) vevk= thirty-seven vevkho (vestmm) vevk= seventy-seven --vevk siant = seven hundred vevk siant vevk= seven hundred and seven vevk siant gamai vevk= seven hundred and seventeen vevk siant vevkho vestmm= seven hundred and seventy vevk siant vevkho (vestmm) vevk= seven hundred and seventy seven ve'evek= in groups of seven

vevkho/ vevkko Adv: seven times

ex: vevkho vestmm= seventy (seven times ten) vevkho (vestmm) vevk= seventy seven (seven times ten seven) gamai vevkho= seventeen times

vevkpa Adv: in seven places vevku N inalien indiv [pl: vevpku]: sling vevpku see N vevku= sling ve'ebig see Postp ve:gaj= around, behind ve'egaj see Postp ve:gaj= around, behind ve'eppo see Postp vepo= same as ve'eppoag see Stat tr vepoag= to be on a level with, as tall as ve'eppoagc Postp reflex: on a level with each other, of even height
ex: 'Eve'eppoagc 'ab gegok. They are of even height (they stand on a level with each other). Tve'eppoagc 'ab gegok. We are of even height.

ve'eppogid Vtr Repet (for Unit see vepogid): to make obj alike, level, even
ex: 'A cum have'eppogid. I am trying to make them even.

ve'eppogid Vreflex tr Repet (for Unit see 'e-vepogid): to turn into, imitate obj
ex: 'E-'etp(<'atp)-ve'eppogid g hahu'ul. She repeatedly acts like their grandmother.

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ve'eppogid/ ve:big ve'eppogid Vreflex tr Distr (for Unit see 'e-vepogid) [Neutr: def ve'eppog; hort and
indef ve'eppogid]: to turn into, to liken (something) to oneself ex: B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<'e)ve'eppogid! Each one of you try them (dresses) on for size (liken yourselves to them)!

ve'eppot Vtr Repet (for Unit see vepot): to get even with, the same height as obj
ex: Mo hekid 'am ab 'i cum ve'eppot g ki: hegam 'u'us, 'an hahikkumi'ok. Every time the trees get even with the house (top) I cut them.

ve'evec Stat Distr (for Unit see ve:c) [Neutr: indef ve'evec; def ve'evec=k. Interr:
ve'evec=ka-him. Dur: ve'evec=ka-d]: to be lying in various places (used only with inanimate entities as subjects) ex: ... na:nko ma:s ha'icu 'i 'a'an matps 'an ve'evec 'an heg'oidc vo:g. ... all kinds of feathers that were scattered along that road.

ve'evek see Adv vevk= seven ve'evem see Postp ve:m= with ve'evemaj Stat reflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-ve:maj): to be together in various places,
to form several groups ex: M(<'am) 'at o 'o(<'e)ve'evemajk. They will form several groups.

ve'evemjim see N 'e-vepemjim= a couple of companions ve'evemjim see Stat Expr vu 'e-vepemjim= to be a couple of companions ve'evem-ki:kam see NComp ve:m-ki:kam= spouse, companion, family ve'evem-ki:kam Stat Comp Distr (for Unit see ve:m-ki:kam): to have a spouse,
companion, family ex: Nam ge ve'evem-ki:kam? Does each one of you have a companion?

ve'evemtk see Postp ve:mtk= in a group ve'evem-eiokku see NComp ve:m-ioku= telephone ve'evenadk see Postp ve:nadk= together with, mixed with

ve:-

ve:big see Postp ve:gaj

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ve:c/ ve:c[i]d ve:c Stat Unit (for Distr see ve'evec) pls (for sgs see ka:c) [Neutr: indef ve:c; def
ve:c=k. Dur: ve:c=ka-d. Interr: ve:c=ka-him]: to be lying somewhere (used only with inanimate entities as subjects) ex: a:cu 'om(<'am) ve:c mvaa 'ea? What is in your suitcase? Ba: 'o ve:c g nu:k? Where are my shoes? Ba: 'o ve:c g kakami? Where are my shirts? Ba: 'o ve:c g tatpial? Where are the papers? Mi:sa da:m 'o ve:c g 'o'ohon. The books are on the table. N(<'an) 'o ve:c g pa:n. The pieces of bread are there. 'Am 'o ve:c g mu'i lial. There is a lot of money lying there. ... c 'im g 'o'oidag 'ep ve:c 'i:ma'a kc 'am 'ep 'ecikpan. ... and also where the fields are, there is work.-- ... kant:na mo g vi:u 'im ve:c. ... a bar in which there is whiskey. N(<'an) 'ant hu bei mo g hekkam 'an ve:c. I got it at the second-hand store (where the second-hand things are).

ve:c s- Adj sg [pl: s-vepc]: heavy

ex: Matp pi vu 'al ve:c ha'icu. It was as if it had not been quite a heavy thing.

ve:c s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ve:c; def s-ve:c=k. Interr: s-ve:c=ka-him. Dur: sve:c=ka-d); pls: s-vepc]: to be heavy ex: Sve:c 'a. I am heavy. --Pi 'i(<'a) ve:c. I am not heavy. Svepc 'o. They are heavy. Sve:c g hodai. The stone is heavy. 'I behidk hega'i hodai mo sve:c! Bring me that stone which is heavy! Matt ha'icu pi 'u:gk o 'i bei k heg sve:c. When we cannot lift something, that thing is heavy.

ve:ccu s- subst N sg [pl: svepccu]: heavy one (same as s-ve:cim) ve:ccu vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-vepccu]: to be a heavy one (same as vu
s-ve:cim) ex: 'A:i 'a u si sve:ccu. I am a very heavy one.

ve:cdag N inalien [sg (1st pers sg -ve:cdag; 3rd pers sg ve:cda-j); distr: vepcdag]:
weight

ve:cdaku (elis of *ve:cidaku): weight used on a harrow (something used to weigh

something down)

ve:ci Vintr sgs (for pls see vepci) [Neutr: def ve:ci. Correl: ve:ci-k. Compl: ve:ci-ok;
immed: ve:ci-oka-'i. Interr: ve:ci-him.]: to become heavy ex: Ve:ci 'intk(<'antk). I have gotten heavy. 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'atk ve:ci. This man has gotten heavy. Vat o ve:ci. It/he will get heavy. Pi g 'am ve:ci! Don't get heavy! Ve:cihim 'o. It/he is getting heavier. T o 'ip ve:cioka'i. Let it/him get heavy first.

ve:c[i]d Vtr sgo (for plo see vepcid) [Neutr: def and hort ve:cid; imp sgs ve:cda-]: to
weigh obj down (same as ve:c[i]jid) ex: Nt o ve:cid. I'll weigh it down. Pi g 'am ve:cid! Don't weigh it down!

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ve:cij/ ve:m ve:cij see Vtr ve:c[i]jid= to weigh obj down ve:c[i]jid Vtr sgo (for plo see vepc[i]jid) [Neutr: def ve:cij; hort ve:cjid]: to weigh obj
down (same as ve:c[i]d)

ve:cim s- N subst sg [pl: s-vepcim]: heavy one (same as s-vecccu) ve:cim vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu svepcim]: to be one with a heavy weight (same as
vu s-ve:ccu) ex: 'A:i 'a u si sve:cim. I am a very heavy one.

ve:gaj/ ve:bij Postp [distr: ve'egaj/ ve'ebig]: around/ behind obj

ex: 'An haha ha'a:gid g 'o'odham 'an 'eve:gaj. Then he tells the people around him. Vaik dadaiku 'an cu:c gn hu mi:sa ve:gaj. There are four chairs standing around the table over there. Kut g tonolgaj 'an si ton have:gaj. Its light shone brightly around them. 'I bij 'an ki: ve:gaj. He circled around the house. B(<hab) 'atp kaij g hemajkam 'in ' i 'eve:gaj k 'oia 'in g hemajkam 'an 'i have:gaj matp 'am ki:. That might be what the people said among each other, and then among the people who lived there (in the immediate vicinity). Saaig 'an haki:k ve'egaj. There is a lot of trash around each one of their houses. 'Im 'ac ki: 'idve:gaj 'i:da'a do'ag. We live behind this mountain. 'In ab bebbhe 'im hu 'eve:gaj. He keeps pushing him behind himself. 'Am hu a(<va) vo'o ve:gaj g ki:. It is indeed (lying) behind the house.--'Atp he'esko 'i 'im hab 'i vo'o ve:gaj Some distance away on the other side of the charco go:k domig ve:gaj: every two weeks go:k 'o:la ve:gaj: every two hours gi'ik ta ve:gaj: every four days

ve:m Postp [distr: ve'evem]: with obj

ex: P hascu 'a:gc pi iok 'o'odhamaj ve:m? Why don't you speak 'O'odham with me? Nap tacu mapt o a(<va) cikp tve:m? Do you like working with us? 'A gm hu 'oimmelihim Santa Rosat'am, 'am cikpanahim hegve:m. While I was in Santa Rosa, I worked with him. Kut have:m haha va hi:. Then he left with them. B(<hab) g ce:'i ve:m! Say it with me! Vat o 'eve:m ce'ecevda. They will grow together (with each other). Kunt hea'i ve:m 'i o ki:dagk 'i:ya'a? With whom will I live here? G 'a hu ki: Sisters have:m. I live over there with the Sisters. 'o:g ve:m 'a ki:. I live with my father. C hab s'ap o 'eve:m ki:kad. And thus they will live in harmony (well) with each other. 'ea 'im hu heba'i hema ki: g 'oks k 'eka:kama have:m. It is said that once upon a time somewhere there lived an old woman with her grandchildren. Jiva 'at k 'uv ve:m. He came with (and with) a woman. Hega'i ck 'e'uviga ve:m. Him together with (and with) his sister. cioj 'uv ve:m= a young man and a young woman.--... matp 'am 'ecicvi gve:m 'eba:b. ... that they will play against each other, him and his grandfather. S'ap o 'eve'evem ki:kkad. They will live in harmony (well) with each other (in various places). Mu'i 'eve'evem o cickp. You will work together in many groups.

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ve:maj/ ve:maj ki:kam ve:maj Adv: together; Prep: together with obj
ex: ia 'am 'atp haha ve:maj hu: vaha va'a. Well, then they ate it together. Kunt 'am o ve:maj io. He and I will talk together. ... matpk 'ida jiva, si she:kig ha'icu ve:maj jiva. ... since you came, you and happiness came together. 'Am ve:maj 'edadge g Ban hega'i Tova. Coyote and Turkey wrestle together. 'Am ve:maj 'eceggia'a. They are fighting with each other. Heg 'o ve:maj 'ecicvi. They are playing against each other 'Atp 'am haha hihi ve:maj, 'am hihi ve:maj hega'i 'uv. Then, they went there together, he and that woman went there together. ... k o dahaiva 'ab gegusidakut'ab ve:maj g Abraham c Isaac c 'ep Jacob. And they will sit down together at the table, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. ... c 'ep ki:kahim ve:maj g 'ekun vevk 'ahidag 'ab. ... and she and her husband lived together for seven years. Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id mant o ve:maj cikp hega'i. I don't like to work with him. Do:p ve:maj ki:? With whom do you live? ... k 'an ho:ntk 'an ve:maj ki: heg'ab do'ag. ... and he married her and they lived together on that mountain. Vo bek o ve:maj ki:dagk! Get her and live together with her!

ve:maj Stat tr [Neutr: indef ve:maj; concurs ve:maj-c; def ve:maj=k. Interr: ve:maj=kahim. Dur: ve:maj=ka-d]: to be/ go with obj; to help obj ex: Heg 'o ve:maj. He is with me. ... k hab 'e'a:g mo 'om(<'am) a(<va) have:maj g hemajkam. ... and he/they thought that he was with the people. --T o m'amc 'ab g'amje hega'i ma mve:maj. He will find out from that that I am with you. Pt o ve:majk. You will be with me. Pt o tve:majk. You will be with us. Vo ve:majkad, tt o hihi. Let us go together you and me (you will be with me, we'll go). ia 'atp g Ban 'am hab 'ep have:majc heg 'am 'al 'i ha cum 'alo gevc heg 'am 'al da'ivu. Well, Coyote, who was also with them there, was almost trapped and had a narrow escape. Nt o a(<va) 'i mve:majk. I'll help you. No 'om(<'am) hema 'i mve:maj? Is somebody helping you?

ve:maj Stat reflex Unit (for Distr see 'e-ve'evemaj): to be together in one location, to
form a group ex: Tt o tve:majk. We will be together.

ve:m[a]jim N inalien aggreg [distr: vepem[a]jim]: companion (somebody who lives

with somebody else; same as ve:mkam) ex: ... k gm hu 'i ha'oi g 'eve:mjim. ... and he rejoined his companions over there.

ve:m[a]jim vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's companion

ex: Kupt u o ve:mjimk. You will be my companion.

ve:maj ki:kam N Expr: companion (one who one lives with)

ex: Tako 'ant ve:maj io g ve:maj ki:kam g ma:kai. Yesterday I talked with the companion of the doctor.-- ... nat pi u hega'i ve:maj ki:kam. ... because she was his companion.

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ve:maj ki:tamt/ ve:m-ki:kam ve:maj ki:tamt VExpr: to become a companion

ex: Vo hema habei hegam 'u'uv k o hema have:maj ki:kamt! Get one of those women and make one of them your wife!

ve:maj ki:kam 'uv NExpr: wife

ex:... hega'i 'an 'ep ko:m ve:maj ki:kam 'uv. ... she also embrassed his wife.

ve:mgalig N inalien indiv [pl: vepemgalig]: brother, friend, partner (term used by
people belonging to the same moiety; same as ve:mgel)

ve:mgel/ ve:mgal N inalien indiv [sg(1st pers sg: -ve:mgel); pl: vepemgel]: brother,
friend, partner (term used by people belonging to the same moiety, same as ve:mgalig) ex: Ban ve:mgel. Coyote, my partner.

ve:mgel/ ve:mgal vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's brother, friend, partner

ex: Ban 'o (<vu) ve:mgel. Coyote is my partner.

ve:mkam N inalien aggreg: companion (somebody living with somebody; same as

ve:m[a]jim)

ve:mkam vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's companion

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ve:mkam. He is my companion.

ve:m-ki:kam NComp inalien aggreg [(reflex: 'e-ve:m-ki:kam); distr: ve'evem-ki:kam]:

companion, family ex: G hu jiva vui hega'i 'eve:m-ki:kam. He went to his wife. Pi ha'icu lial 'evia 'am haveheji hegam 'eve:m-ki:kam. There is no money left for their family. B(<'ab) o 'i ha'u:'uk g 'eve'evem-ki:kam! Each one of you will bring your respective companions!

ve:m-ki:kam vu Stat Comp: to be a spouse, companion

ex:... 'ea 'o (<vu) tve:m-ki:kam. ... since he lives with us. Kut u o mve:mki:kamk. She will live with you (be your spouse). Kupt u o ve:m-ki:kamk. You will live with me (be my spouse).

ve:m-ki:kam Stat Expr Unit (for Distr see ve'evem-ki:kam) [Neutr: indef ve:mki:kam; def ve:m-ki:kam=k. Interr: ve:m-ki:kam=ka-him. Dur: ve:m-ki:kam=ka-d]: to have a spouse, companion, family ex: Nap ge ve:m-ki:kam? Do you have acompanion/family? Heu'u, ge 'e(<'a) ve:mki:kam. Yes, I have acomanion/family. Cum 'a ge ve:m- ki:kamkahim. I used to have a companion/family.

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ve:m-ki:kamt/ ve:mtk ve:m-ki:kamt VComp tr: to become somebody's companion ve:m-ki:kamt VComp reflex: to become each other's companion ve:m-ki:kam 'uv NExpr: wife
ex:... hegam vi:piop matp 'am dada ama'i havui hegam 'eve:m-ki:kam 'u'uv. ... those boys who went to their (own) wives

ve:m-iokku NComp inalien indiv (sg (3rd pers sg ve:m-iokkua-j); pl: ve:meiokku; distr: ve'evem-eiokku): telephone ex: 'I 'at o hema 'a(<'e)dai g ve:m-iokku ki: 'e. I hear a telephone set is going to be put in my house. Ve:m-iokku 'atk 'epac. The telephone is out of order.

ve:mt Vtr Unit (for Repet see vehemmat) [Neutr: def, hort and indef ve:mt. Correl:
ve:mt-k; immed: ve:mt-ka-'i. Compl: ve:mt-ok; immed: ve:mt-oka-'i. Dur: ve:mta-d. Interr: ve:mta-him] ; without 'i: to join, pair with obj; with 'i: to help obj ex: Ha'i 'i ma:k g valaloku, nt o 'emve:mt. Give me some cards, I'll join you(pl). Nt o a(<va) 'i mve:mt. I'll help you. M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) 'i mve:mt 'idhekaj. I'll help you with this. Kut hi vo 'i tve:mt 'ab g'amje 'i:da'a. He will help us about this. No 'om(<'am) hema 'i mve:mt? Is somebody helping you? M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) 'i mve:mtad. I'll be helping you. No 'om(<'am) hema mve:mtahim? Has someone been helping you? Pt o 'ip ve:mtok! First, you help me (for a while)! 'Am o 'i tve:mtk 'ab tve:m o she:kigk. Having helped us, be happy with us.

ve:mt Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vehemmat) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-ve:mt]:
to join, pair with each other (used without 'i) ex: B(<'ab) g o 'o(<'e)ve:mt! Pair with each other! hejel 'i 'e-ve:mt VExpr reflex: to help oneself ex: Kut 'ab haha hejel o 'i 'i(<'e)ve:mt. Then, he/they will manage by himself/ themselves. M(<'am) 'ant ab o hejel 'i ve:mt. I'll just help myself. M(<'am) g hejel 'i 'i(<'e)ve:mt! Help yourself! M(<'am) g hejel 'i 'i(<'e)ve:mt! Help yourselves! 'a'ai 'i 'e-ve:mt VExpr reflex Unit (for Repet see 'a'ai 'i 'e-vehemmat): to help each other

ve:mtadag N: help
ex: Nap tacu g ve:mtadag? Do you need help?

ve:mtk Postp [distr: ve'evemtk]: in a group

ex: 'Eve:mtk o cikp! Work in a group! Mu'i 'eve'evemtk cickp! Work in separate groups!

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ve:n[a]d/ ve:nc ve:n[a]d Vdtr Unit (for Repet see vepnad) [Neutr: def and hort ve:nad. Correl:
ve:nad-k; immed: ve:nad-ka-'i. Interr: ve:nda-him.]: to mix obj with something ex: Kavh: 'ant ve:nad g vi:b. I put milk in my coffee (I mixed coffee with milk). Pi g 'am ve:nad g kavh: g vi:b! Don't put milk in your coffee (don't mix coffee with milk)! M(<'am) g ab 'i ve:ndahid! Keep on mixing it with it (in batches)!

ve:n[a]d Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vepnad) sing (for mult see 'e-vepnad)
[Neutr: def and hort 'e-ve:nad. Correl: 'e-ve:nad-k; immed: 'e-ve:nad-ka-'i. Interr: 'eve:nda-him]: to mix with each other, to form a couple ex: 'E-g-o-'i-'i(<'e)ve:nad! Mix with each other! Sto:ta cevag kc scuck cevag 'eve:ndahim. The white clouds and the black clouds are in the process of mixing with each other. 'Ab 'eve:nadk 'i hi:. They (two clouds) came having mixed with each other.

ve:nadk Postp [distr: ve'evenadk]: together with obj

ex: Nt o i: g kavh: ve:nadk g vi:b. I'll drink coffee with milk. 'At ce: g 'ali ve:nadk g je'ej. He found both the child and his mother. M(<'am) 'at gve:nadk o ge:g hega'i lial hema g 'alidaj. He will win from him both money and one of his children. Nt o mge:g g lial m'alidag ve:nadk. I will win from you both money and your child. ... hegve:nadk 'ovick g viv. ... they roll up tobacco together with it.

ve:n[a]g N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ve:nga-j); pl: vepnag]: sibling, cousin
cioj ve:nag NExpr inalien indiv [sg( 1st pers sg: cioj ve:nag); pl: cecioj vepnag; 1st pers sg: cecioj vepnag]: brother 'uv ve:nag NExpr inalien indiv [sg(1st pers sg: 'uv ve:nag); pl: 'u'uv vepnag; 1st pers sg: 'u'uv vepnag ]: sister

ve:nag vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu vepnag]: to be somebody's sibling; to be a tie, bond,
between people ex: Vu 'at o si ve:ngajk hega'i je:gida. It (tobacco) will create a strong bond between the people assembled in a meeting (it will be its very bond of the meeting).

ve:nagaba N inalien indiv [pl: vepnagba]: deceased sibling ve:nag[] Stat tr [Neutr: indef ve:nag; def ve:nag=k. Interr: ve:nag=ka-him. Dur:
ve:nag=ka-d]: to go together with obj ex: No 'id 'ab ve:nag 'i:da'a? Does this go with this?

ve:nag[] Stat reflex: to go together

ex: No 'i:da'a kc hega'i 'ab 'eve:nag? Do this and that go together? Nat 'i:da'a kc hega'i 'ab o 'o(<'e)ve:nagk? Will this and that go together?

ve:nc see Vtr ve:ncud= to match, pair, graft obj

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ve:nc/ via ve:nc see Vreflex 'e-ve:ncud= to form a pair ve:ncud Vtr sgo (for plo see vepencud) [Neutr: def ve:nc; hort ve:ncud]: to match,
pair, graft, obj ex: Nt o 'i ve:nc 'i:da'a kals:da. I'll match this sock.

ve:ncud Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-vepencud) [Neutr: def 'e-ve:nc]: to form a pair
ex: 'Eve:nc. They form a pair.

ve:peg Adv: first

ex: Heg 'at si ve:peg jiva. He was the very first one to come. M(<'am) 'at si ve:peg bei g cioj 'ema. The very first time, she gave birth to a baby boy.

ve:peg Stat: to be the first

ex: Heg 'at o ve:pegk. He will be the first.

ve:pegkam vu Stat: to be the first time

ex: D(<vu) 'o si ve:pegkam mat 'i a(<va) jiva. It was the first time he came here. D(<vu) 'o si ve:pegkam ma meid. It is the first time I see you. D(<vu) 'o si ve:pegkamaj mat 'i a(<va) jiva. It was the (his) first time he came here. D(<vu) 'o si ve:pegkam mant melc g ma:gina. It was the first time I drove a car. D(<vu) 'at o si ve:pegkamk mant o melc g ma:gina. It will be the first time that I drive a car.

ve:peg ma:sikam subst NExpr: the first born vi-

via see Vtr vi'a= to leave obj via see Vreflex 'e-vi'a-= to be left via s- Vtr Unit (for Distr see s-vippia) sgo (for plo see s-vipia) [Neutr: def and indef
s-via; hort s-via[-'i]]: to ruin/ wreck obj ex: Nt o svia. I'll ruin it. Cum 'a hekid svia g naliv. I always ruin my pants. Pi g 'am svia['i] g 'ealiv! Don't ruin your pants!

via s- Vreflex sgs (for pls see s-'e-vipia) [Neutr: def s-'e-via. Interr: s-'e-vi:-him]: to get
ruined, worn out, to break down ex: S'e-'et(<'at)-via g naliv. My pants got ruined. S'e-'et(<'at)-via g ma:gina. My car broke down. S'e-'o-vi:him g naliv. My pants are beginning to get ruined.

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viak/ viha viak s- Adv: finely, powder-like (same as s-viakam)

ex: ... vo ho(<ha)ovi sviak. ... (she) will pound them (pieces of meat) into fine powder (finely).

viakam s- Adv: finely, powder-like (same as s-viak) viakam (elis of *vihakam) N subst sg [pl: vi:piakam]: one with a penis
ex: ge'e viakam= one with a big penis

vialos/ vialnos (Span: viernes): Friday viapo (elis of *vihapo) N inalien: pubic hair viapo'ogel/ viapo'oge'el N alien [sg(1st pers sg: -viapo'ogel=ga/
-viapo'oge'el=ga)]: boy

viapo'ogelga/ viapo'oge'elga Stat: to have a boy viappoi N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -viappoi=ga); pl: vi:piop]: boy viappoiga Stat sing [mult: vi:piopga]: to have a boy viu see Vtr viut= to rock, swing viu see Vreflex 'e-viut= to get rocked viut Vtr [Neutr: def viu; indef and hort viut; imper sgs viuta-, pls viut-o. Correl:
viut-k; immed: viut-ka-'i. Interr: viuta-him. Dur: viuta-d]: to rock/ swing obj ex: Kut 'ida 'ep 'e'ai ku 'i havappaid, 'i hab viut g kampa. Well now, it is also the time when I usually call them (the people) in here, when I ring the bell. Nap viutahim g 'ema? Have you(sg) been rocking your baby? Nt o viutad g 'aliga. I'll be rocking my child. Nt o 'i viutk o vu:. I'll swing it (the rope) and rope it.

viut Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-viu; indef 'e-viut]: to get rocked/ swayed
ex: Kut a(<va) voho hab 'eju: hega'i do'ag, 'am 'a'ai si 'i(<'e)viut hega'i do'ag. And indeed this is what happened to that mountain, it got swayed to and fro by it, that mountain.

viutaku N inalien: baby swing, hammock viha N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers viha-j, viha-); pl/distr: vi:pia]: penis
ex: 'ab viha 'ab= on his penis

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vihava/ vihonagi vihava Vtr Unit: to hit obj with one's penis viho see Vtr vihot= to vomit obj vihog N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg -vihog= ga)]: mesquite bean pod(s)
ex: Ha'i g novid g vihog! Pound me some mesquite beans!

vihogdag s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-vippiogdag): to be full of mesquite beans in
one location ex: Svihogdag g kui. The mesquite is full of beans.

vihogdag in ha'icu vihogdag NExpr aggreg: pods

bavi-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: Tibary bean(s), pod(s) ho'idkam-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: ironwood bean(s), pod(s) mu:-vihogdag NComp alien aggreg: bean pod (also used as a nickname)

vihogdaj N inalien aggreg: pods of a specified plant (its pods) vihogga Stat: to have mesquite beans vihog-kai NComp alien aggreg: mesquite bean seed(s) vihogpig Vtr [Neutr: def vihogp; hort vihogpig]: to pluck mesquite beans off a
mesquite tree

vihogp see Vtr vihogpig: to pluck mesquite beans off a mesquite tree vihogt Vintr: to bear beans
ex: Mo heba'i 'ab 'i 'a'ahek 'ab hiotc 'ab vihogt. Whenever it's the time of the year, they (mesquite trees) bloom and bear beans.

vihol N alien aggreg [(1st pers sg vihol=ga); distr: vippiol]: peas

ce:dagi-vihol NComp aggreg: fresh peas cehedagi-vihol NComp alien aggreg: dry green peas, split peas to:ta-vihol NComp alien aggreg: white peas s'iovivihol NComp alien aggreg: sweet peas s'u'am-vihol NComp alien aggreg: dry yellow peas

viholga s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-vippiolga): to have a lot of peas vihonagi Vintr [Neutr: def vihonagi. Interr: vihonagi-him]: to become tangled

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vihonag/ vijinata vihonag s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-vihonag; def s-vihonag=k]: to be tangled
ex: Mat hema g 'o'odham g mo'oj vo svihonagk, t o 'egasva. Whenever a person's hair is tangled he combs it.

vihos N inalien mass (?) [(3rd pers sg vihosi-j); distr: vipios]: vomit
ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) 'ekei vihosij da:m. You will step on his vomit.

vihosc see Vdtr vihoscud= to make obj vomit something vihoscud Vdtr sgo [Neutr: def vihosc; hort vihoscud. Interr: vihoscuda-him]: to make
obj vomit something ex: Tk o vihosc. It/he is going to make me vomit it. Vihoscuda! Make him vomit it! Matt ha'icu vo cum hu: mat pi vo kegajk t o tvihosc. When we eat something that is not good, it makes us vomit (it).

vihosmad/ vihosmid Vtr [Neutr: def indef and hort vihosmad. Interr vihosmadahim]: to throw up on obj (with 'ab 'ab) ex: Vat o vihosmad 'ab 'ab. He is going to throw up on me. Pi g 'ab hu vihosmad 'ab 'ab! Don't throw up on me! vihosmad 'o 'ab 'ab. He is throwing up on me. vihosmadahim 'ab 'ab. He has been throwing up on me.

vihot Vtr Unit (for Repet see vipiot) sgs (for pls see vipiot) [Neutr: def viho; indef
and hort vihot; imper vihota-. Correl: vihot-k; immed: vihot-ka-'i]: to vomit obj ex: 'Am hab 'ea viho hegam huha. He vomited it (the saguaro fruit) in those baskets. Vihotk ab 'ab 'i si u:ud hegam huha. Having vomited it, he filled up those baskets.

vij see Vtr vijin= to twist/ spin, obj vijin Vtr Unit (for Repet see vipijin) [Neutr: def vij; hort vijin; imper sgs vijina-.
Correl: vijin-k; immed: vijin-ka-'i. Compl: vijin-ok; immed: vijin-oka-'i. Interr: vijinahim. Dur: vijina-d]: to twist/ spin obj

vijina N inalien indiv [sg (loc: vijina-t-'ab; instr: vijina-kaj); pl: vipijina]: rope; thread
woven by a spider ex: 'Ebeihim 'ab vijinat'ab c 'i huhim. He is going down holding himself to the rope. Tokdho vavpan g 'evijina 'ab ki:t'ab. A spider stretches its thread on the wall.

vijinaku N inalien: rope twirler vijinat Vtr: to make a rope out of obj vijinata N: act of making a rope

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vijinata/ vinka vijinata N inalien: rope being made or having just been made vijint Vtr [Neutr: def indef and hort vijint; imper sgs viginta-. Interr: vijinta-him. Dur:
vijinta-d]: to spin obj ex: Nap vijintahim? Have you been spinning (it)? Nt o vijintad. I will be spinning (it).

vijinta N: act of spinning

ex: Nap sma:c g vijinta? Do you know how to spin?

vijinta N inalien: spinning, material being spun or having just been spun viji s- Adj sg [pl: s-vi'ipji]: wrinkled viji s- Stat sgs [pls: s-vi'ipji]: to be wrinkled, creased
ex: Sviji 'o g kami. My shirt is wrinkled.

Viji-Keli NComp(?): a nickname (wrinkled-old-man) Viji-Kuakam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-wrinkled-forehead) vijuaig N inalien indiv [pl: vipijuaig]: birthmark viklaag N inalien: debt (same as vulpaag) vilg:di (Span: albaricoque) N: apricot vinda (Span: ventana) N indiv [pl: vipida; distr: vippinda]: window vindaig Stat sing [mult: vipindaig]: there is a window
ex: Pi heba'i a 'i ha vindaig. There is not a single window (nowhere is there a window).

vink s- Adj sg [pl: s-vipink]: hard, firm, strong, tough

ex: Si svink 'u:s 'apt o ga:. Look for a strong stick.

vink s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-vink. Interr: s-vinka-him. Dur: s-vinka-d); pls: svipink]: to be hard firm, strong, sturdy, tough ex: B(<hab) 'o ma:s mo svink. It looks sturdy. Svink 'o g cu:kug. The meat is tough. Ge tatkc svink. It is unusually firmly rooted. ... ha'icu mo (<vu) ab pi gevk ha'icu, mo pi vink. ... something that is just not strong, that is not sturdy.

vinka Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see vipinka): to get hard, firm, strong, sturdy, tough

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vinkad/ vipi vinkad Vtr sgo (for plo see vipinkad) [Neutr: def and hort vinkad]: to strengthen obj
(same as vinkaid or vinkajid)

vinkai see Vtr vinkaid= to strengthen obj vinkaid Vtr sgo (for plo see vipinkaid) [Neutr: def vinkai; hort vinkaid]: to strengthen
obj (same as vinkad or vinkajid)

vinkaj see Vtr and dtr vinkajid= to strengthen obj; to strengthen obj for somebody vinkajid Vtr and dtr sgo (for plo see vipinkajid) [Neutr: def vinkaj; hort vinkajid]: to
strengthen obj (same as vinkad or vinkaid); to strengthen obj for somebody ex: Nt o 'i vinkaj 'i:da'a vijina. I will strengthen this rope.

vinkam s- Adv: sturdily, strongly vinma s- Adv: sturdily, firmly

ex: Svinma has ju: hega'i ki:. He managed to make that house sturdy. Pi 'im(<'am) hu 'al 'i vinma hab ju:. He did not make it quite sturdy enough. Pi a 'i vinma ma:s. It does not look sturdy at all.

vinoi N aggreg: staghorn cactus, buckhorn cholla vinoig s- Stat Unit: to be full of staghorn cacti in one location vi[h]um Vreflex [Neutr: hort 'e-vi[h]um Dur: 'e-vi[h]uma-d]: to lick one's lips
ex: 'I 'i(<'e)vium! Lick your lips! 'I 'i(<'e)viumad! Be licking your lips! Pi 'ipt(<'apt) o 'o(<'e)viumad! Don't be licking your lips!

vikon Vtr [Neutr: hort vikon Dur: vikonad; imper sgs vikonda-]: to lick obj
ex: Haiva shoho'id mat o vikonad g 'on. Cows like to lick off salt. 'I havikon g 'eno:nhai! Lick your fingers (hands)!

vikon Vreflex tr [Neutr: hort 'e-vikon. Dur: 'e-vikona-d]: to lick off obj on oneself
ex: N(<'an) g 'evikon! Lick it off! Pi g 'am 'evikonad! Don't be licking it off!

vikondam 'e- N: ice cream cone (something that is being licked off) vipi Vintr Repet (for Unit see vi'i-): to stay, remain repeatedly
ex: Tp heg 'am o vipi hega'i matp u Sto:ta Hiosig Every time she stays there, the one who was White Flowers

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vipi/ vipijig vipi N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vipi-j); pl/distr: vippi]: bosom; nipple; udder vipia N: hunting vipia Vtr [Neutr: def and indef vipia]: to hunt
ex: Nap hejel vipia? Do you(sg) hunt by yourself? Nap have:m vipia? Do you(sg) hunt with them? Vo ho(<ha)vipia g huav. They will hunt deerdeer. Pi 'egid g 'eel mas o vipia 'an 'O'odham-Jevu da:m. He/they do not have a permit to hunt in the 'O'odham Reservation.

vipia s- Vtr plo (for sgo see s-via) [Neutr: def and indef s-vipia]: to ruin, wreck obj
ex: Sha-'ant-vipia. I ruined them. Nt o shavipia. I'll ruin them.

vipia s- Vreflex pls (for sgs see s-'e-via) [Neutr: def s-'e-vipia. Interr: s-'e-vipia-him]:
to get ruined, worn out, to break down ex: S'evipiahim g 'e'e'ega. Their clothes are getting worn out.

vipi[a]dag in ha'icu s-vipi[a]dag NExpr: worn out things (such as clothes) vipiam see Vtr vipiame= to go hunting obj vipiame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see vipiayop) [Neutr: def vipiam; hort vipiame]: to
go hunting obj

vipiayop Vtr pls (for sgs see vipiame) [Neutr: def and hort vipiayo; indef vipiayop]:
to go hunting obj

vipidaku see N vi:daku= pestle, mano vipidaku see Stat vi:daku= to have a pestle, mano vipiut Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vipiu; indef and hort 'e-vipiut. Correl: 'e-vipiut-k;
immed: 'e-vipiut-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-vipiuta-him. Dur: 'e-vipiuta-d]: to swing ex: Nap 'evipiutahim? Have you(sg) been swinging?

vipiaku/vipiuku (contr of *vipiutaku) N inalien: swing vipi gevpaku NExpr(?) inalien indiv [pl: vipi-gegevpaku]: brassiere vipiji see N vi:ji= hairless, furless, featherless one vipiji see Stat Expr vu vi:ji= to be a hairless, furless, featherless one vipijig see Stat vi:jig= to be hairless, furless, featherless

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vipijin/ vipiot vipijin Vtr Repet (for Unit see vijin): to twirl, twist obj repeatedly
ex: Heg 'am 'i vipijink hekaj 'ab gi:giaad. Having twirled it (the rope) with it he made a bow string for each of them (he stringed each one of them).

vipijina see N vijina= rope vipijina N: cobweb vipijuaig see N vijuaig= birthmark vipikol see N vi:kol= great-grandparent vipikolba see N vi:kolba= deceased great-grandparent vipinda see N vinda= window vipindaig see Stat vindaig= there is a window vipink see Adj s-vink= hard, firm, strong, tough vipink see Stat s-vink= to be hard, sturdy, tough vipinka Vintr pls (for sgs see vinka): to become hard, firm, strong, sturdy, tough vipinkad Vtr plo (for sgo see vinkad) [Neutr: def and hort vipinkad]: to strengthen
obj (same as vipinkaid or vipinkajid)

vipinkaid Vtr plo (for sgo see vinkaid) [Neutr: def vipinkai; hort vipinkaid]: to
strengthen obj (same as vipinkad or vipinkajid)

vipinkajid Vtr and dtr plo (for sgo see vinkajid) [Neutr: def vipinkaj; hort vipinkajid]:
to strengthen obj (same as vipinkad or vipinkaid); to strengthen obj for smb

vipi[h]um Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vi[h]um) [Neutr: hort 'e-vipi[h]um. Dur: 'evipi[h]uma-d]: to lick one's lips ex: B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<'e)vipiumad! Be licking your lips! Pi 'imt(<'amt) o 'o(<'e)vipiumad. You will not be licking your lips.

vipios see N vihos= vomit vipiot Vtr pls (for sgs see vihot) [Neutr: def vipio; indef and hort vipiot; imper vipioto]: to vomit obj ex: Vipiot 'o. They vomiting it.

vipiot Vtr Repet (for Unit see vihot) sgs: to vomit obj repeatedly
ex: Vipiotk ab 'ab 'i si u:ud hegam huha. Having vomited it (saguaro fruit) several times, he filled up those baskets.

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vipismal/ vippinda vipismal N aggreg: hummingbird vipismal-ci NComp aggreg: a flower, Indian paint brush (hummingbird's beak) vipismalig s- Stat imper sgs (for Distr see s-vippismalig): to be full of
hummingbirds in one location

vipi-si'idam NComp aggreg: a yellow flower which grows very close to the ground
(one(s) sucking breast continually)

vipi-si'idamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of vipi-si'idam in one location vipia see N vi:a= great-grandchild vipia see N vi'ia= gully, little wash vipiaig see Stat vi'iaig= there is a gull vipiam see Stat Expr vu vi:am: to be one with a great-grandchild vipiam 'e- N: a pair of great-grandparent and great-grandchild vipiyyodi see N viy:di= acorn vipnoi N aggreg: a type of cholla cacti
ce'ecem-vipnoi NComp aggreg: Christmas cholla (small vipnoi); Christmas cholla bud ge'ege-vipnoi NComp aggreg: pencil cholla (big vipnoi); pencil cholla bud

vipnoig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-vippnoig): to be full of vipnoi cholla cacti
in one location

vipnoi-to'olvadag NComp aggreg: fruit of the vipnoi cholla cactus vipim see N vi:im= Vi:gida dancer and singer vippi see N vipi= breast, udder vippia s- Vtr Distr (for Unit see s-via) [Neutr: def s-vippia]: to ruin, wreck obj
ex: Sha-'at-vippia g 'e'e'ega. Each of them ruined his clothes.

vippinda see N vinda= window

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vippiogdag/ vivga vippiogdag s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-vihogdag): to be full of mesquite beans in
several locations ex: Svippiogdag g kui. The mesquites are full of beans.

vippiolga s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-viholga): to have a lot of peas in several
locations ex: Svippiolga 'a g 'o'odham 'am Santa-Rosat'am. It is said that the people in Santa Rosa have a lot of peas.

vippismalig s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-vipismalig): to be full of hummingbirds in

several locations

vippnoig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-vipnoig): to be full of vipnoi cholla cacti
in several locations

vippsilo see N visilo= calf vipsilo see N visilo= calf vipag see N viag= hawk visilo (Span: vacera) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -visilo=ga); pl: vipsilo; 1st pers sg:
-vipsilo=ga; distr reflex: 'e-vippsilo=ga]: vippsilo]: calf

viag (dial: visag) N indiv [pl:vipag]: hawk viagcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-viagc; hort 'e-viagcud]: to turn into a hawk
ex: ia tp 'am hab haha eviagc. Well, then, he turned into a hawk.

viag-namkam(-'o'odham) NComp: hawk meeter (one with a hawk meeting him)

ex: 'Am hakokda hega'i viag-namkam-'o'odham. He killed them, that hawk meeter fellow.

viv N alien mass [(3rd pers sg viv=ga-j); distr: vivp (dial: vipiv)]: tobacco
ex: ... k hab masma mamt 'i:da'a hejel 'evivpga 'ab o je:id. ... and thus each of you will smoke your own tobacco.

viv s- Adv: of tobacco

ex: Sviv 'o 'u:v. It smells of tobacco.

vivag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of tobacco plant in one location vivga Stat: to have tobacco

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viviku/ vi'i viviku N inalien: bullroarer (used in the Vi:gida ceremony) vivp see N viv= tobacco viviba N inalien aggreg: ancestors (deceased great-great-grandparents; also called
kekeliba)

viy:di N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg -viy:di); distr: vipiyyodi]: acorn viy:di-ce'uime VComp Unit sgs [Neutr: def viy:di-ce'uim]: to go and pick acorn
(same as viy:di-ce'uname)

viy:di-ce'uname VComp Unit sgs [Neutr: def viy:di-ce'unam]: to go and pick

acorn (same as viy:di-ce'unime)

viy:dig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of acorns in one location vi'a- Vtr [Neutr: def via; hort via-'a. Correl: vi'a-k; immed: vi'a-ka-'i]: to leave obj
ex: 'I 'ant o a(<va) 'i via. I will leave it here. Beka'i g mu: mant 'am o via. Take along the beans which I will leave there. Pi g 'am hu ha'icu via'a! Don't leave anything there! ia k 'am hab hemako vi'ak ... Well, having left one (rabbit) there ...

vi'a- V reflex [Neutr: def 'e-via]: to be left

ex: Pi ha'icu lial 'evia 'am haveheji hegam 'eve:m-ki:kam. No money was left for his/their family (those living with him/them).

vi'akc Postp: leaving out, missing, excluding obj

ex: M(<'am) 'apt 'a:pi'i pi jevu vi'akc memeadc cum heba'i 'oimme ... You who, while running without missing any land, have been all over ...

vi'i- Vintr Unit (for Repet see vipi) [Neutr: def vi:; hort vi:-'i; imp sgs vi'i-. Correl: vi'ik; immed: vi'i-ka-'i. Compl: vi'-ok; immed: vi'-oka-'i. Interr: vi'i-him]: to stay, remain ex: Beka'i g mu: mat 'am o vi:. Take along the beans that will remain there. Kunt 'a:i vo vi:. I will stay. Hetasp-pi: 'i 'al vi:. There are only five dollars left. ... g mhu'ul mat heg 'am 'al vi:. ... your grandmother who was the only one left there. 'I g a(<va) 'i vi:'i! Stay here! 'Am g a(<va) 'i vi:'i! Stay there! Mo hascu 'am 'i vi'ihim g ha'icu hug k gm hu 'u(<'e)'iava. Whatever food is left, it is thrown away.

vi'i see Vdtr vi'id= to leave, save obj for somebody

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vi'ickva/ vi'idag vi'ickva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def vi'ickva. Interr: vi'ickvi-him/vi'ickvu-him]: to blow obj off
the ground (said about the wind) ex: (<ku) g hevel me cum hekid c cum heba'i vi'ickvihim 'i:da'a 'ali. The wind was blowing (hearsay) all the time, blowing this child along with itself all over the place. ... k cum mamce mat has o ju: 'i:da'a 'edaiku t(<kut) hab pi cum heba'i vab o vi'ickvihid. ... and then he tried to learn what to do with his seat so that it (the wind) would not be blowing him along with itself (with interruptions) all over the place. (<ku) g'oidc 'an vi'ickvihim. Meanwhile it (the wind) is blowing (hearsay) him along (with interruptions).

vi'ickvihim, vi'ickvuhim see Vtr vi'ickva= to blow off the ground vi'iculig Vtr [Neutr: def vi'icul]: to blow obj away from sight (said about the wind) vi'id Vdtr [Neutr: def vi'i; hort vi'id. Correl: vi'id-k; immed: vi'id-ka-'i. Compl: vi'id-ok;
immed: vi'id-oka-'i]: to leave/ save obj for somebody ex: Ba:pt hab vi'i g tova-mo'o-hido? Where did you put the turkey head stew that you saved for me? ... mat 'am o a(<va) ha vi'i g mcu:kug. ... (tell her) to save me some of your flesh. B(<'ab) g ha vi'id g cu:kug! Leave me some of the meat! M(<'am) g ha'icu vi'id! Could you leave me something! M(<'am) 'ant 'id o vi'idka'i g ma'i. I'll save this for my nephew.

vi'idac see Vdtr vi'idacug= to bring/ carry obj saved for somebody vi'idacug Vdtr [Neutr: def vi'idac; indef and hort vi'idacug]: to bring/ carry obj saved
for somebody ex: Ma 'i a(<va) ha'icu mvi'idacug. I am bringing you something which I saved for you.

vi'idag in ha'icu vi'idag NExpr [distr: ha'icu vi:pi'idag]: remnant(s), leftovers

bi: vi'idag NExpr indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bi:-j vi'idag); pl/distr : bibi vi:pi'idag]: food left over on one's plate ex: M(<'am) g hu 'iava g bi:j vi'idag! Throw away the left-over food on his plate! M(<'am) g hu 'iava g habibi vi:pi'idag! Throw away the left-over foods on their plates! cu:kug-hido vi'idag NExpr mass: left-over meat stew hihido vi:pi'idag NExpr aggreg: left-overs of different kinds of stews lo:ba vi:pi'idag NExpr aggreg: pieces of left-over material of different kinds mu:-hido vi'idag NExpr mass: left-over bean stew sigal vi:pi'idag NExpr aggreg: cigarette butts of different kinds 'o'ovick-vi:pi'idag-to'aku NComp(?) inalien [pl: 'o'ovick-vi:pi'idag-to:ta'aku]: ashtray (cigarette butts of various kinds container)

vi'idag in hejel-vi'idag NComp(?): someone left by himself (same as hejel-vi'ikam)

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vi'ihaig/ vi'is vi'ihaig Stat: to be frosty vi'ihaig maad NExpr: the month of November (frosty moon) vi'ikam in hejel-vi'ikam NComp(?) indiv [pl: hejel-vi:pkam/-vi:pi'ikam]: orphan,
widow(er) (one left by himself)

vi'ikam in vu hejel-vi'ikam Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu hejel-vi:pi'ikam]: to be an

orphan (one left by himself) ex: D(<vu) 'a hejel-vi'ikam. I am an orphan. No (<vu) hejel-vi'ikam? Is he an orphan?

vi'ikam vu Stat Expr: to be one left, a remnant

ex: ... vu ge vi'ikamc 'am u:dag matsp 'in havi'in g 'o'odham hek hu. ... the water there is the remnant of the water which is supposed to have washed away the people long ago

Vi'ikam-'O'odham NComp(?): the mythological people who were left behind when
they were trying to go to the other side of the earth through a hole in the ground

vi'in Vtr Unit (for Repet see vi'innak) [Neutr: def vi'in. Interr: vi'in-him]: to wash obj
away ex: Tk o tvi'in. It (the water) is going to wash us away. S'e:bid g hemajkam mat o ho(<ha)vi'in. The people are afraid that it (the water) will wash them away.

vi'indag N: flood vi'innak Vtr Repet (for Unit see vi'in): to wash obj away repeatedly
ex: Hekid 'i jujkudc cum tvi'innak. Every time it rains, it (the water) almost washes us away.

vi'innok- Vintr sgs (for pls see vi:pi'inok-) [Interr: vi'innok[i]-him]: to float
ex: Kui 'an 'o vi'innokhim. A tree is floating along.

vi'ipji see Adj s-viji= wrinkled vi'ipji see Stat s-viji= to be wrinkled vi'is Stat: to be left
ex: 'Am 'o ha'icu 'ep vi'is 'ep ma heg hab 'elid. I have one wish left (there is another thing left which I wish). Pi 'o ha'i vi'is g mu:. There are not any beans left. Pi 'o 'am hu ha'icu vi'is g ha'icu hug. There is nothing left of the food. No 'om(<'am) ha'icu vi'is 'am veheji? Is there anything left for me?

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vi'iskadma/ vi:bam vi'iskadma s- V subst intr: to appear to have been left (same as s-vi'isma) vi'isma s- V subst intr: to appear to have been left (same as s-vi'iskadma)
ex: (<ku) 'am hab a(<va) hema svi'isma. It appeared that there was one left (about a woman giving birth to the second of a pair of twins).

vi'iaig Stat impers Unit sing [mult: vipiaig]: there is a gully in one location
ex: 'An 'o vi'iaig. There is a gully there. 'An 'o vipiaig. There are gullies there.

vi'ia N indiv [pl: vipia): gully, little wash vi'oka'i see Vintr vi'i-= to stay, remain vi'um Vtr [Neutr: Correl: vi'um-k]: to blow obj (said about the wind)
ex: Kut a(<va) g hevel mek g jevu vi'umk 'ab vuhio ha'as vua. The wind having blown and having blown dust accumulated it on my face.

vi:vi: see Vintr vi'i-= to stay, remain vi: s- Mod: fine, finely (same as s-vi:ma)
ex: ..mat 'am hebi (<heba'i) o svi: 'akigk. ..where there will be a wash with fine sand.

vi:b N inalien mass [3rd pers sg vi:ba-j]: milk (of a cow or a woman) vi:b N alien mass [3rd pers sg vi:b=ga-j]: milk (that you buy at te store) vi:b Stat: to have, give, milk vi:bag s- Stat: to be full of milk, milky sap vi:bam N subst: one with milk vi:bam s- N subst: one with a lot of milk
Svi:bam-'Oks NComp(?): a nickname (the-woman-with-a-lot-of-milk)

vi:bam N aggreg: milk weed vine

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g vi:bam. I see a few milkweed vines.

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vi:bam/ vi:him vi:bam N indiv alien [distr: vi:pbam]: sap of the milkweed vine (used as chewing gum)
ex: Vi:bam 'a ki'iva. I am chewing gum. 'Evi:pbamga 'i havap'u. Each one of them keeps pulling at his chewing gum.

vi:bamag s- Stat Unit: to be full of milkweed vines in one location vi:bamga Stat: to have milkweed gum (used as chewing gum) vi:bga Stat: to have/ own milk vi:daku N inalien indiv [pl: vipidaku]: pestle, mano, flat stone used forgrinding vi:daku Stat sing [mult: vipidaku]: to have a pestle, mano vi:dakucud Vdtr sing [Neutr: def viidakucud]: to make a pestle/ mano out of obj for
somebody

vi:dakut Vtr sing: to make a pestle/ mano out of obj vi:gam Adv (?): fine, finely (same as s-vi: and s-vi:ma) Vi:gida N: name of the harvest festival held every four years, during which down
(ha'icu vi:g) is used for ceremonial purposes

vi:gidaj N inalien: down of a specified nature (its down) vi:gig in ha'icu vi:gig NExpr mass: fluff, substance like down
ex: Hegvepo ma:s mo g ha'icu vi:gig. It looks like fluff. 'u'uvhig-vi:gig NComp mass: substance like bird down ex: 'U'uvhig-vi:gig vepo ma:s. It looks like bird down.

vi:g in ha'icu vi:g NExpr mass: down

ba'ag-vi:g NComp mass: eagle down 'u'uvhig-vi:g NComp mass: bird down

vi:g in ha'icu vi:g Stat Expr: to be some kind of down

ex: Hascu 'utp(<'atp) u vi:g. It's some kind of down. ba'ag-vi:g vu Stat Expr: to be eagle down

vi:him see Vreflex s-'e-via= to get ruined, to break down

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vi:ji/ vi: vi:ji N sg [pl: vipiji]: hairless, furless, featherless one (said about an animal that is losing
its fur or feathers) ex: hega'i vi:ji= that hailess one

vi:ji vu Stat Expr: sgs [pls: vu vipiji]: to be a hairless one

ex: gogs 'o (<u) vi:ji. My dogs is hairless (a hairless one)

vi:jig Stat sgs [pls: vipijig]: to be hairless. furless, featherless

ex: 'I:da'a gogs 'o ge vi:jig. This dog is (unexpectedly) hairless.-- gogs 'o vi:jig. My dog is hairless.

vi:jit V reflex sgs: to lose one's hair, fur, feather

ex: B(<vab) o 'o(<'e)vi:jit. Its hair (of the dog) is going to come off

vi:kol N inalien indiv [sg: (3rd pers sg vi:koli-); pl/distr: vipikol]: great-grandparent
(term used by a person to refer to and/or address any one of his great-grandparents; the reciprocal term is vi:a)

vi:kolba N inalien indiv [pl/distr: vipikolba]: deceased great-grandparent vi:kolim vu Stat Expr sing: to have a great-grandparent, to be one with a greatgandparent ex: D(<vu) 'a vi:kolim. I have a great-grandparent.

vi:ma s-Adv: fine, finely (same as s-vi:)

ex: ..mat 'am hebi(<heba'i) o svi:ma 'akigk. ..where there is a wash with fine sand (a fine sand wash).

vi:nda- see Vtr vi:= to suck obj vi:ndam (assim *vi:[i]dam) N subst: one(s) who suck(s) something continually
'U'us-Vi:ndam NComp aggreg: nickname of the 'O'odham of San Xavier (ones sucking sticks continually; they are said to spend their time in town doing nothing except for sucking toothpicks; see also 'U'us-Vi:im)

vi: Vtr [Neutr: def vi:p; hort vi:pin; imper sgs vi:pina-; indef vi:. Dur: vi:id; imper
sgs vi:nda-]: to suck/ lick obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vi:p g vihog. I will suck mesquite beans. 'I vi:pin! Suck it! Cum 'o hekid vi: g 'enov. He sucks his fingers (hand) all the time. Pi g 'am vi:id g 'enov! Don't be sucking your finger (hand)!

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vi:im/ vi:p vi:im N: north

ex: vi:im vui= toward the north (motion) vi:im ta:gio= toward the north (no motion)

vi:im N indiv [pl: vipiim]: Vi:gida dancer and singer vi:im in 'U'us-Vi:im NComp(?) aggreg: nickname of the 'O'odham of San Xavier
(they are said to spend their time in town doing nothing except for sucking toothpicks)

vi:im-vuhioa NComp alien [3rd pers sg vi:im-vuhioa=ga-j]: Vi:gida mask (mask

of a Vi:gida dancer and singer)

vi:u/ vi:no (Span: vino) N mass: whiskey

ex: Heg 'am ke:c hega'i mac hab 'a'aga g kant:na mo g vi:u 'am 'egaga. He owns what we call a bar (a place where whiskey is sold).

vi:p see Vtr vi:= to suck obj vi:pbam see N vi:bam= milkweed chewing gum vi:pia see N viha= penis vi:piakam see N viakam= one with a penis vi:p[i]d/ vi:p[i]do N inalien [3rd pers sg vi:pda-j]: testicles vi:pid/ vi:p[i]do Stat: to have testicles vi:p[i]dopig Vtr [Neutr: def vi:p[i]dop; hort vi:p[i]dopig]: to castrate obj vi:p[i]dop see Vtr vi:p[i]dopig= to castrate obj vi:pim see Vtr vi:= to suck obj vi:piop see N viappoi= boy vi:piopga see Stat viappoiga= to have a boy vi:pi'idag see N vi'idag= remnant of vi:pi'ikam see NExpr hejel vi'ikam= orphan vi:pi'inok- Vintr pls (for sgs see vi'innok-) [Interr: vi:pi'inok[i]-him]: to float
ex: Kukui 'an 'o vi:pi'inokhim. Trees are floating along (with interruptions).

vi:pkam see NExpr hejel vi'ikam= orphan vi:p (dial: vi:pum) N aggreg: wasp, hornet
ex: Smu'ij g vi:p. There are lots of wasps.

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vi:pag/ vo vi:pag s- Stat Unit: to be full of wasps in one location vi:s s- Adj: fine ex: svi:s 'ak= fine sand in a wash vi:s s- Stat: to be fine, to be worn out
ex: Cu'i 'o svi:s. The flour is ground very fine. Svi:s g 'ipu my dress is worn out.

vi:ad/ vi:ud Vdtr [Neutr: def vi:ad/vi:ud] to save obj (food) for a special occasion
ex: Tt o vi:ad g bahidaj. We'll save the saguaro fruits.

vi:a N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vi:aa-j); pl/distr: vipia]: great-grandchild
(term used by a great-grandparent to refer to and/or address any of his/her greatgrandchildren; the reciprocal term is vi:kol)

vi:am vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vu vipiam): to have a great-grandchild (to be one
with a great-grandchild) ex: D(<vu) 'a vi:am. I have a great-grandchild. D(<vu) 'a vipiam. I have greatgrandchildren.

vi:'i see Vintr vi'i-= to stay, remain vi:-'o'ohia NComp mass: fine sand vi:-'o'ohiag StatComp Unit: there is fine sand in one lo cation

vo-

vo, v, o, u Part: indicates that the effect of a state or an action which has taken place or
is taking place, extends into the present or the future. (Note that it may receive the stative verb paradigm: =k, =ka-him, =ka-d) ex: Pt o 'om(<'am) hu:gio. You will clean me out.-- Pt o 'om(<'am) a(<va) hu:gio. You have cleaned me out for good (from now on I am cleaned out).-- Napt 'ab o(<va) 'I ma:. Are you willing to give it to me? Heu'u, nt o a(<va) mma:. Yes, I give it to you.--..mas hascu u ok. ..whatever it is/will be.

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vodva/ voho vodva Vtr Unit sgo (for plo see vo:podva) [Neutr: def and hort vodva; imper sgs
vodva-, pls vodv-yo]: to lay obj down (same as vo:d) ex: 'I 'apt o vodva! You(sg) will lay it down here!

voga N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers anim voga-j; pl: vopoga]: quiver; stepson,
stepdaughter

voga Stat sing [mult: vopoga]: to have a quiver; to have a stepson, stepdaughter vogacud Vdtr sing (for mult see vopogacud) [Neutr: def vogac]: to make a quiver
for somebody out of obj

vogat Vtr sing (for mult see vopogat): to make a quiver out of obj vohi see Vtr vohid= to singe obj vohid Vtr Unit [Neutr: def vohi; hort vohid; imper sgs vohida-]: to singe obj
ex: Nt o vohi g cucul-vopo. I'll singe the chicken's down. Nt o ho(<ha)vohi g cucul. I'll singe the chickens.

voho (dial: veho) Adv subst: really

ex: Tp 'am o svohoc mo voho (<vu) a(<va) hahu'ul. They will believe that she is really their maternal grandmother. Pi 'o (<vu) a 'i voho Ju:kam. He is not really a Mexican. ia k 'atp 'oia voho hob(<hab) 'ejuk 'am hema hi: 'atp. Well, and soon after that it did happen that someone went there. [ku-]s voho Adv Expr: not to be true/ possible ex: S voho hea'i 'am hugk 'am sma:c ha'icu ma 'a:i'i. I don't think that it is possible that anybody could know as much as I do. S voho hea'i hab masma skegaj ma 'a:i'i. I don't think that anybody could be as handsome as I am. Kups voho 'i ge:g. I do not think that you can beat me. Kups voho 'i ab o 'i no! You can't just leave now! Kuns voho ab o 'i'ito g mcu'i! I can't just drink all of your pinole! pi voho ... [v]o Adv Expr: not to be able to/ allowed to ex: Kunt pi voho 'on(<'an) hu ge cuhugc'e haki:k 'oidc o 'oimmead. I cannot be wandering around their houses in the dark. Pi 'imt(<'amt) voho vo mua. You(pl) will not be able to kill him. D(<vu) 'o m'alidagc pi voho vab si o'ig hebi o(<vo) ka:ck. Since he is your child he should not be lying (abandoned) somewhere. va voho Adv Expr: indeed ex: ... dahiva g hu: k a(<va) voho 'am 'e'a:. ... Corn sat down and indeed (as he had been told to do) told his story. ... t a(<va) voho 'am 'ece:m g hemajkam. ... indeed (as they had been told) they came in groups, the people. ia k a(<va) voho hab 'eju:. Well, and that is indeed (as has been said) what happened. Kutp a(<va) voho hob(<hab) 'evua? Does she really do that (act thus)?

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voho/ vohogam
si voho Adv Expr: truly, absolutely ex: Si voho 'opk(<'apk) hi a(<va) cum a 'i si s'ema:c, 'a:pi'i, t'aliga. Truly, you are unusually smart, you, our son. voho 'i Adv Expr: completely, extremely ex: 'I:da'a voho 'i sve:c. This one is extremely heavy. Voho 'i 'ai hega'i ko:sig. Sleep had completely overtaken her. ...nat pi ab voho 'i koi. ...because she was fast asleep.

voho (dial: veho) Stat: to be true

ex: Voho 'o. It is true. M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) voho. It is indeed true. M(<'am) 'ok a(<va) voho. It is indeed a fact. Pi 'o a 'i voho. It is not true at all. Na'as 'am a(<va) voho. It may very well (strong likelihood) be true.

voho s- Stat: to be very true

ex: Si voho mo (<vu) s'i'idkam! He sure is a good drinker!

vohoc see semi Stat tr s-vohocud= to believe/ trust obj vohocud (dial: vehocud) s- semi Stat tr [Neutr: def s-vohoc; hort and indef s-vohocud;
imper sgs s-vohocuda-. Correl: s-vohocud-k; immed: s-vohocud-ka-'i. Interr: svohocuda-him/ s-vohocud=ka-him. Dur: s-vohocuda-d/ s-vohocud=ka-d]: to believe, trust, obey, obj ex: ... kumtp o svohoc. ... if you(pl) trust me. Nt o a(<va) smvohoc. I will trust you(sg). Svohocuda! Trust me! Nap svohocud? Do you(sg) trust him? Heg 'o shavohocud g 'ege'egega. He obeys his parents. Cum 'a svohocudahim/ svohocudkahim). I used to trust him. M(<'am) g ab 'i svohocudad/ svohocudkad! Keep on trusting me! Tp 'am o svohoc hegam 'a'al mo voho (<vu) a(<va) hahu'ul. They would believe, those children, that she was really their grandmother. Pi 'i(<'a) mvohocud. I don't believe you(sg). T 'am 'i pi a 'i vohoc. He did not believe/ obey him. 'Ab haha hi va cum pi vohocudk 'oia 'am hab a(<va) ju: matp 'am 'i ta g 'enov 'al cem. Then, since he did not trust him, what he did was to open his hand, just a little.

vohocud s-cu semi Stat: to be trusting, obedient

ex: 'A scuvohocud. I am obedient. 'A:i 'a cum scuvohocudahim/scuvohocudkahim. I used to be trusting. Nt o scuvohocudad/ scuvohocudkad. I will be trusting (obedient).

vohog (dial: vehog) s-cu Adv: obediently vohogam (dial: vehogam) N: truth
ex: 'a:gida g vohogam! Tell me the truth! --M(<'am) 'a m'a:gid g vohogam. I tell you the truth.

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vohogam/ vonomt vohogam vu Stat Expr: to be the truth

ex: M(<'am) 'ok u a(<va) vohogam. It is indeed the truth. M(<'am) 'ok u a(<va) 'i ge vohogam. It is the plain truth.

vohogam s- Adj: true, real

ex: M(<'am) 'o (<vu) si svohogam Ju:kam. He is a full blooded Mexican (a completely true Mexican).

vohogamcud Vtr [Neutr: def vohogamc]: to believe obj

ex: K haha vo vohogamc hega'i. And then he/they will believe him.

vohogim s- Mod: really, surely

ex: Svohogim g 'am him Cuk-on vui! Be sure to go to Tucson! Napt 'am a(<va) si svohogim bei? Did you really get it? --Si svohogim 'am o 'a:g. Be sure to tell it to him. Begi, si svohogim mapt hab o 'o(<'e)ju:. Well, be sure to do it (act like that).

vohogim s- Stat: to be real, sure

ex: Si 'o svohogim. It is absolutely sure.

vonom[a]d Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vopnom[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort 'evonomad. Correl: 'e-vonomad-k; immed: 'e-vonomad-ka-'i. Interr: 'e-vonomda-him]: to put one's hat on ex: Meadc 'evonomdahim. He is putting his hat on while running.

vonomim N subst: one with a hat (same as vonomkam)

Cuk-Vonomin NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-black-hat)

vonom[] (dial: vonam[]) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vonomi-j/ vonoma-j; instr:
vonom-kaj); pl: vopom[]]: hat

vonom[] (dial: vonam[]) Stat sing [mult: voponom[]: to have a hat

ex: Ha'as 'i vonom. He has a hat of a certain size. a'ak vonom. He has a hat with a crease.

vonom[]cud Vdtr sing (for mult see vopnomcud) [Neutr: def vonomc]: to make a
hat for somebody out of obj

vonomkam N subst: one with a hat (same as vonomim) vonomt Vtr sing (for mult see vopnomt): to make a hat out of obj

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vopda/ vopnomcud vopda Vtr Repet (for Unit see vo:d-) [Neutr: indef vopda. Dur: vopda-d. Interr: vopdahim]: to lay down obj repeatedly; to put obj to bed repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i vopda? When do you put him to bed? 'Id 'a ab 'am 'aigo 'i vopda. I am just tuming this over (repeatedly). Pt o 'aigo 'i vopdad! Be turning it over several times! 'Ea 'a cum vopdahimc hemu vaha a'a(<va'a) pi 'oi vopda nat pi 'am a(<va) ge'eda. I used to put him to bed early but now I don't anymore because he is big enough (he has grown).

vopda Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vo:d): to be laid down repeatedly; to score so
many points, move so many holes repeatedly in a game ex: Gamai hetasp vag 'evopda g gins. Fifteen points (holes) is what the gins score (when it falls face up)

vopda N: act of casting a spell either in war or in competitive inter-village games vopda N: hidden bean game (played with four hollow tubes called vopdaiku) vopdaiku N inalien aggreg: hidden bean game tubes (a set of four hollow tubes used
to play vopda)

vopdi see N vo:di= large metal container vopigad N aggreg: name of the fruit of one variety of prickly pear cactus (nav) vopivul see N voivul: a variety of caterpillar that stings vopji see Vtr vopjid: to cast a spell on obj vopjid Vtr Repet (for Unit see vo:gid) [Neutr: indef vopjid. Interr: vopjida-him. Dur:
vopjida-d]: to cast a spell on obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o ho(<ha)vopjid. He is the one who (usually) casts spells on them.

vopjid Vtr Distr (for Unit see vo:jid) [Neutr: def vopji]: to cast a spell on obj
ex: Vatt o ho(<ha)vopji. Each one of us will cast a spell on them.

voplliya see N vol:ya: one with curly/ shaggy hair on the body vopnomcud Vdtr mult (for sing see vonomcud) [Neutr: def vopnomc]: to make hats
for somebody out of obj

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vopnom[a]d/ vopogacud vopnom[a]d Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vonom[a]d) [Neutr: indef 'evopnomad. Interr: 'e-vopnomda-him. Dur: 'e-vopnomda-d]: to put one's hat on repeatedly

vopnom[] see N vonom[]= hat vopnom[] see Stat vonom[]= to have a hat vopnomt Vtr mult (for sing see vonomt): to make hats out of obj vopnom 'ena:tok NExpr(?): hat factory (place where hats are being made) vopo see N vo'o= pond, charco vopo N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg vopo-j]: down; down-like fur (as of a donkey); hair
on the body ex: ... 'ab 'i 'al vuha g vopoj. ... its down came out some. 'U'uvhig mo 'egid g vopo. Birds are those which have down.

vopo Stat: to have down, fur, hair on one's body

ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha vopo. It does not have any down (on itself).

vopo Vintr Repet (for Unit see vo:po['o]) pls (for sgs see memea) [Neutr: indef
vopo. Dur: vopo-d. Interr: vopo-him]: to run/ drive repeatedly ex: 'In 'o vopohim. They have been driving (and stopping) repeatedly around here. 'In 'o vopo. They drive and stop repeatedly around here.

vopodam N subst pl (for sg see memedam): ones running repeatedly; runners vopog see N vo:g= road vopog see Stat vo:g= there is a road vopog see Stat impers vo'og= there is a charco vopoga see Stat vo'oga= to have, own, a charco vopogam see N vo:gam= road, way to somewhere vopogga see Stat vo:gga= to have a road vopoga see N voga= quiver; stepson, step-daughter vopoga see Stat voga= to have a quiver; to have a stepson, stepdaughter vopogacud Vdtr mult (for sing see vogacud) [Neutr: def vopogac]: to make
several quivers for somebody out of obj

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vopogat/ vopsma-je:j vopogat Vtr mult (for sing see vogat); to make several quivers out of obj vopoicud Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vo:po'icud) pls (for sgs see 'ememelcud): to run for exercise, to run a race, repeatedly vopoivs see N voivs= horse trained for certain tasks vopokam s- N subst: one with a lot of down/ fur/ hair on the body vopola N indiv [pl: voppola]: hairy one (person or animal with a lot of hair on his body) vopo[i]ku see N vo:[i]ku= instrument to pull/ pluck with vopopig Vtr [Neutr: def vopop; hort vopopig]: to remove down, fur, hair on the body,
of obj

vopot Vintr mult (for sing see vo'ot): to make several charcos vopot Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-vo'ot): to get made (said of several charcos)
ex: T o ha'i 'i(<'e)vopot. I hear that charcos are going to be made.

vopoa see N vo'oa: valley vopoviba see N voviba: deceased paternal aunt (father's younger sister) vopovit see N vovit: paternal aunt (father's younger sister) vopo'o see N vo'o: pond, charco voppo see N vo'o: pond, charco voppola see N vopola: hairy one voppoa see N vo'oa: valley vopsiba see N vosiba: deceased paternal grandfather; deceased paternal great uncle vopsk see N vosk: paternal grandfather; paternal great uncle vopsku see N vosku: broom vopsma see N vosma: grandchild (man's son's child) vopsmaam 'e- N: a pair including a paternal grandfather and his grandchild vopsmakam see Stat Expr vu vosmakam: to have/ be one with a grandchild vopsma-je:j see NComp vosma-je'e: daughter-in-law; father-in-law

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vopsma-je:jim/ voptovopsma-je:jim (elis of *vopsma-je:jim) in 'e-vopsma-je:jim NComp: a pair

including daughter-in-law and father-in-law

vopsma-je:jim in vu 'e-vopsma-je:jim Stat Expr: to be daughter-in-law and

father-in-law to each other ex: D(<vu) 'o 'o(<'e)vopsma-je:jim. They are daughter-in-law and father-in-law to each other.

vopsonaku see N vosonaku= instrument used as a broom vopag see N vo:ag= pocket vopagt Vintr mult (for sing see vo:agt): to make pockets
ex: Napt 'ab o ge vopagt 'esa:go 'ab? Are you going to put pockets on your blouse?

vopo see N voo= field rat voptonac semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-votonac): to have one's buttons
buttoned

vopton[a]d Vtr mult (for sing see voton[a]d): to button obj (several buttons) vopton[a]d Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-voton[a]d): to button oneself (several
buttons)

voptonag see Stat votonag= to be buttoned; to have a button voptonpi'ok Vtr mult (for sing see votonpi'ok) [Neutr: def voptonpi'o; hort
voptonpi'ok]: to unbutton obj (several buttons) ex: G voptonpi'ok! Unbutton me (several buttons)!

voptonpi'ok Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-votonpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-voptonpi'o;
hort 'e-voptonpi'ok]: to unbutton oneself (several buttons) ex: 'Evoptonpi'ok! Unbutton yourself (several buttons)!

voptonpi'okc semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-votonpi'okc): to have several
buttons unbuttoned

vopto see N voto= button vopto see Stat voto= to have a button

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vopto-/ vosma-je'e vopto-je:jegcud VComp tr mult (for sing see voto-jegcud): to make several
buttonholes for obj

vopto-je:jegt VComp intr mult (for sing see voto-jegt): to make several
buttonholes ex: Nt o ha'i vopto-je:jegt. I'll make a few button holes.

vosiba N inalien indiv [pl: vopsiba]: deceased father's father; deceased father's
father's brother

vosk N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg voska-j); pl: vopsk]: father's father; father's
father's brother (the reciprocal term is vosma: grandchild)

vosk vu Stat Expr: to be a paternal grandfather, a paternal great uncle

ex: D(<vu) 'a voskaj. I am his paternal grandfather

vosk keli NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vosk keli; 3rd pers sg voska-j keli); pl:
vopsk kekel]: paternal great uncle

vosku N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg voskua-j); pl: vopsku]: broom
ex: cem vosku= my little broom

vosk 'oks NExpr inalien indiv [pl: vopsk 'o'oks]: paternal great aunt vosma N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vosmaa-j); pl: vopsma]: grandchild ( son's
child, ego being a man); brother's son's child (the reciprocal term is vosk)

vosmacud Vtr: to make obj become a paternal grandfather

ex: Vo vosmac. She (my daughter-in-law) is going to have a child (make me become a grandfather).

vosmakam vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vopsmakam]: to be one with a grandchild (a

child of one's son) ex: D(<vu) 'a vosmakam. I have a grandchild. D(<vu) 'a vopsmakam. I have grandchildren.

vosmat Vintr [Interr: vosmata-him]: to become a paternal grandfather

ex: Vosmatahim 'a. I am about to become a paternal grandfather.

vosma-je'e NComp inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vosma-je'e); pl: vopsma-je:j]:
daughter-in-law, father-in-law (mother of one's son's child, vosma, ego being a man)

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voso/ votonpi'ok voso see Vtr voson= to sweep obj voson Vtr [Neutr: def voso; indef and hort voson; imper sgs vosona-]: to sweep obj ex:
Nt o voso g ki:. I'll sweep my house. Nt o voso 'on(<'an) ki: ve:gaj. I'll sweep (the ground) around my house. Pi g 'am hu 'i voson! Don't sweep it! P hekid i voson g 'eki:? When do you sweep your house? M(<'am) 'a hekid 'i havoson g rugs k hemho a(<va) vapu. Every time I sweep the rugs I get blisters without fail.

vosonaku N inalien indiv [pl: vopsonaku]: instrument used as a broom vosonas Stat: to be swept
ex: Vosonas 'o. It is swept.

voso see Vdtr vosoid= to sweep obj for somebody vosoid Vdtr [Neutr: def voso; indef and hort vosoid. Dur: vosoida-d; imper sgs
vosonda-da-]: to sweep obj for somebody

votonac semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-voptonac) [Neutr: indef and def
votonac]: to have one's button buttoned ex: Nap 'ab a(<va) 'a(<e)voptonac? Do you(sg) have your button buttoned?

voton[a]d Vtr sing (for mult see vopton[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort votonad]: to
button obj (one button)

voton[a]d Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-vopton[a]d) [Neutr: def and hort 'evotonad]: to button oneself (one button) ex: B(<'ab) g 'evotonad! Button yourself (one button)! B(<'ab) g 'evoptonad! Button yourself (several buttons)!

votonag Stat sing [mult: voptonag]: to be buttoned; to have a button

ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu votonag g mli:va. Your coat is not buttoned. No 'ob(<'ab) ge voptonag g msa:go? Does your blouse have buttons?

votonpi'ok Vtr sing (for mult see voptonpi'ok) [Neutr: def votonpi'o; hort
votonpi'ok]: to unbutton obj (one button) ex: G votonpi'ok! Unbutton me (one button)!

votonpi'ok Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-voptonpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-votonpi'o;
hort 'e-votonpi'ok]: to unbutton oneself ex: 'Evotonpi'ok! Unbutton yourself (one button)!

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votonpi'okc/ vo'ivotonpi'okc semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-voptonpi'okc): to have one
button unbuttoned

voto (Span: botn) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg votoi-j) pl: vopto]: button
ex: voto 'at ehai. My button is broken.

voto Stat sing [mult: vopto]: to have a button

ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu ha voto. It does not have any button.

voto jeg NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg votoi-j jeg); pl: vopto je:jeg]: button
hole ex: B(<'ab) g va:kid 'evoto jeg 'e! Put it in your button hole!

voto-jegcud Vtr sing (for mult see vopto-je:jegcud): to make a button hole for
object ex: Nt o hema mvoto-jegc. I'll make you a button hole!

voto-jegt V sing (for mult see vopto-je:jegt): to make a button hole

ex: Nt o hema voto-jegt. I'll make a button hole.

vo[a]g (dial: voog) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg voga-j); pl: vopag]: pocket
li:va voag NExpr [1st pers sg -li:va voag; 3rd pers sg li:va-j voag]: coat pocket sa:go voag N Expr [1st pers sg: n-sa:go voag] : blouse pocket

voagt Vintr sing (for mult see vopagt) [Neutr: def and hort voagt]: to make a pocket
ex: Napt 'ab o ge voagt 'esa:go 'ab? Are you going to put a pocket on your blouse

voo N indiv [pl: vopo]: field rat voviba (dial: vovoiba) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vovibaa-j); pl: vopovibad
(dial: vo:poiba)]: deceased father younger sister

vovit (dial: vovoit) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vovita-j); pl: vopovit (dial: vo:poit)]:
father younger sister (the reciprocal term is hakima: nephew, niece)

vo'i see Vintr vo'iv-= to arrive running or driving vo'i- Vintr Unit (for Repet see vo:po'o) [Neutr: def voi, indef vo:; hort vo:-'i; imper sgs
vo'i-, pls vo'i-o. Correl: vo'o-k; immed: vo'o-ka-'i]: to spend the night, to camp for the night

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vo'i-/ vo'iopa
ex: 'I 'ant o voi. I'll spend the night here. k 'am hab vo: 'ama'i. and they spend the night there. 'I g a(<va) 'i vo:'i! Spend (you sg) the night right here! 'I g o a(<va) 'i vo:'i! Spend (you pl) the night right here! 'I 'ant o a(<va) 'i vo'ok si'alim aha(<haha) 'ep vo hi:. I'll spend the night right here, and then tomorrow morning I'll leave again.

vo'iku N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vo'ikua-j) pl: vo:pku]: bed; place to rest vo'iku da:m taim NExpr inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vo'ikua-j da:m taim);
pl: vo'iku da:m ta:taim]: bed spread (something spread on top of a bed)

vo'iku-ma'ipaag NComp(?): bed spread vo'im see Vintr vo'ime= to go and spend the night with a woman vo'imdag N: desire to lie down
ex: Vo'imdag 'o hob(<hab) ha'icu vua. The desire to lie down is responsible for it.

vo'ime Vintr Unit sgs [Neutr: def vo'im]: to go and spend the night with a woman
ex: Nt o vo'im. I am on my way to spend the night with a woman.

vo'imeam N subst: one who goes and spends the night with a woman
ex: Jiva 'at 'ep g vo'imeam. He has come again, the one-who-goes-and-spends-the-nightwith-a-woman.

vo'imeam vu Stat Expr: to be one who goes and spends the night with a woman
ex: D(<vu) 'a ge vo'imeam. I am one who goes and spends the night with a woman (when I shoul not).

vo'ino see Vintr vo'ino= to turn back while running or driving vo'ino Vintr pls (for sgs see melno) [Neutr: def vo'ino; hort vo'ino]: to turn back
while running or driving ex: Mt o 'i vo'ino! You(pl) will turn back. 'Am g o 'i vo'ino. Turn back there!

vo'iopa see Vintr vo'iopa= to arrive somewhere by car or running vo'iopa Vintr pls (for sgs see melopa) [Neutr: def vo'iopa; indef vo'iopa]: to arrive
somewhere running or driving ex: M hekid 'i vo'iopa? When do you(pl) arrive (running or driving)? 'I 'o vo'iopa. They arrive here (by car or running) again and again.

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vo'i/ vo'ivimcud vo'i see Vtr vo'ip= to lie down on top of obj vo'ic semi Stat tr sgs (for pls see vo:po'ic) [Neutr: def and indef vo'ic. Dur: vo'icid. Interr: vo'ic=ka-him]: to be in a lying position on top of; to hatch obj ex: Cucul havo'ic g 'enonha. The chicken is hatching (is staying lying on top of her eggs). Pt ab o 'i vo'icid! You stay lying on top of it!

vo'ip Vtr [Neutr: def vo'i; hort vo'ip; imper sgs vo'ipa-]: to lie down on top of obj
ex: Vo'ipa! Get it under you (as you are lying down)!

vo'ipi'ok Vtr [Neutr: def vo'ipi'o; hort vo'ipi'ok]: to remove obj from under oneself
as one is lying down ex: Vo'ipi'oka! Get it out from under you (as you are lying down)!

vo'iv- Vintr pls (for sgs see meliv-) [Neutr: def vo'i. Correl: vo'iv-k; immed: vo'iv-ka-'i.
Interr: vo'iv-him]: to arrive running or driving ex: Vo'i 'at. They have arrived (running or driving). Vo'ivhim 'ac. We are about to, arrive (running or driving). G hu vo'ivk 'am eid ma 'am dahac u ha'icu nonha ... Having arrived over there (running), they saw that what was (sitting) there were eggs.

vo'iva Vintr Unit (for Repet see vo'ivup) sgs (for pls see vo:piva) [Neutr: def and
hort vo'iva; imper vo'iva. Correl: vo'iva-k; immed: vo'iva-ka-'i. Compl: vo'iva-yok; immed: vo'iva-yoka-'i. Interr: vo'ivu-him]: to lie down, to go to bed ex: Nt o ho(<ha) vo'iva. I'll lie down for a while. Vo'iva 'ant k o koi. I am going to bed (lay down and sleep). I g a(<va) 'i vo'iva! Lie down right here! Ga:n g a 'i vo'iva! Move over (lie down farther away)! Kupal g vo'iva! Lie down on your stomach! Ta'i g vo'iva! Lie down on your back! Gahi g vo'iva! Lie down on your side! Pi g 'ab hu ku:gam vo'iva! Don't lie down with your back turned to me! Vo'ivak ko:s! Lie down and sleep! Vo'ivuhim 'a. I am about to go to bed. Ma hekid 'i vo'ivuhim ves hacu:c g lalamba. Before going to bed I turn off all the lights.

vo'iva Vreflex: to be laid down

ex: ... k ga: hu 'al 'i go:k vagc'e 'evo'iva. ... and he scored only two points.

vo'iva g maad VExpr: to be the beginning of the month, the new moon (the crescent
of the new moon is said to be lying down, whereas the full moon is said to be sitting) ex: Vo'iva 'atk g maad. It is the beginning of the month, the new moon Koi 'at 'am hu vo'iva g maad. It is not yet the beginning of the month, the new moon.

vo'ivimcud/ vo'ivumcud s- Vtr impers [Neutr: def s-vo'ivimc; indef s-vo'ivimcud]:

to make obj feel like lying down ex: No smvo'ivimcud? Does it make you(sg) feel like lying down?

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vo'ivuihog/ vo'oga vo'ivuihog Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef vo'ivuihog]: to be on one's way to bed
ex: Ma hekid 'i vo'ivuihog ves hacu:c g lalamba. When I am on my way to bed I turn off all the lights.

vo'ivup Vintr Repet (for Unit see vo'iva) sgs (for pls see vo:piva) to lie down, go to
bed repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i vo'ivup? When do you(sg) usually go to bed? G 'o hu vo'o mo 'om(<'am) vo'ivup. He is lying down in his room (over there where he usually lies down). 'am hab cum vo'ivup 'ep. ... again and again he tries in vain to lie down (and go to sleep).

vo'o N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vo'o=ga-j; loc: vo'o-t-'am); pl: vopo['o], distr: voppo]:
pond, charco ex: 'am vo'ot'am= down at the charco Hu:hu g voppo. The charcos are empty. Ko:m Vo'o NComp (?): name of a village (Hackberry-Charco) ex: Ko:m Vo'o 'am 'o ki:. He lives at Ko:m Vo'o. Makkomi-Vo'o Comp: name of a place (Catterpilar-Charco) Vuplo HaVo'oga NExpr: name of a village (Donkeys' Charco) ex: Vuplo HaVo'o 'am 'o ki:. He lives at Vuplo HaVo'o.

vo'o Stat Unit sgs (for pls anim see vo:p[]; for distrs anim see vo'ovop); for pls inanim see ve:c; for distrs inanim see ve'evec) [Neutr: indef vo'o; concurs vo'o-c/ vo'okc; def vo'o=k. Interr: vo'o=ka-him. Dur: vo'o=ka-d]: to be lying down in one location ex: 'Am hema vo'o g vama. There is a snake (lying) there. Haiva 'o 'om(<'am) vo'o 'akc'ea. There is a cow (lying) in the wash. Ga hu vo'o kokdam haki: 'ab. He is (lying) at the hospital. Ba: 'o vo'o g koto? Where is (lying) my shirt? Mi:sa da:m 'o vo'o g 'o'ohon. The book is (lying) on the table. Vo'o g maad. The moon is (lying) in its first quarter. Vo'okahim 'a. I have been lying down. Pt ab o 'i vo'okad! Stay in bed (lying down)! Si'alim 'am vo'okc ko: g Ban ... In the morning Coyote is lying there asleep ...

vo'og Stat impers Unit [sing (indef vo'og; def vo'og=k; concurs vo'og-c. Interr:
vo'og=ka-him. Dur: vo'og=ka-d); mult: vopog]: there is a charco in one location ex: No 'om(<'am) ge vo'og 'ama'i? Is there a charco down there? No 'om(<'am) ge vopog 'ama'i? Are there charcos down there' ... 'am ge vo'ogc 'am u:dag. ... down there, unexpectedly there is a charco which is (and it is) full of water.

vo'oga N indiv [pl: vopoga; distr: voppoga]: charco belonging to somebody

Keliba Vo'oga NExpr: name of a village (Dead Old Man Charco) ex: Keliba Vo'oga 'am 'o ki:. He lives at Keliba Vo'oga.

vo'oga Stat Unit sing [mult: vopoga]: to have, own, a charco

ex: Nam ge vo'oga 'aba'i Covered-Wellst'ab? Do you(pl) have a charco up there at Covered Wells?

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vo'ok /vo:dvo'ok, vo'oka'i see Vintr vo'i-= to spend the night, camp for the night vo'okadma s- V subst intr sgs (for pls anim see s-vo:pkadma; for pls inanim see sve:ckadma): to appear to be lying down
ex: B(<'ab) 'ap a svo'okdma. I thought you were lying there. 'A ko hob(<hab) hi koi 'am hu svo'okadma g maad! But it should not be the new moon yet (the moon should not be lying there yet)!

vo'olakhim Vintr Interr sgs (for pls see vo:po'olakhim): to be going trott (said of a
person)

vooa N indiv [pl: vopoa; distr: voppoa]: valley

ex: S'u''uvhig 'o 'on(<'an) voppoa 'oidk. There are lots of birds distributed along the valleys.

vooak N: place where there is a valley

ex: Sto:ta-cu:vag 'ama'i vooak 'oidc. It's full of white jack rabbits down there where there is a valley.

vo'ot Vintr sing (for mult see vopot): to make a charco

ex: Tt o hema vo'ot. We are going to make a charco.

vo'ot Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-vopot): to be made (about a charco)
ex: T o hema 'a(<'e)vo'ot. It is said that a charco is going to be made.

vo'ovop Stat Distr (for Unit sgs see vo'o; for Unit pls anim see vo:p[]; for Unit pls inanim see ve:c): to be lying down in several locations

vo:-

vo: see V intr vo'i-= to spend the night vo:d- Vtr Unit (for Repet see vopda) sgo (for plo see vo:pod) [Neutr: def voi; hort
vo:d; imper sgs vo:da-, pls vo:da-yo; concurs vo:d-c. Correl: vo:d-k; immed: vo:d-ka-'i. Compl: vo:d-ok; immed: vo:d-oka'-i. Interr: vo:da-him]: to lay obj down, to put obj to bed ex: Natt 'i v(<vo) va 'i voi? Shall we lay it down here? 'Am hab haha vab bei hega'i 'I'itoi k 'in voi 'ekotva da:m. Then he just grabbed her, that 'I'itoi, and laid her on (on top of) his shoulder. ... heg 'im haha voi 'e'o: 'am k 'an si vu: 'e'ea. ... then he laid that on

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vo:d-/ vo:gam
his back and tied it firmly on to himself. Vo:da! Lay it down!/Put him to bed! 'Am g o a 'i vo:d! You(pl) lay it down over there! M(<'am) g 'aigo 'i vo:d! Turn it over (once)! Ta'i g 'i vo:d! Lay it down right side up!/Lay him on his back! Kupal g 'i vo:d! Lay it upside down! /Lay him on his stomach! Gahi g vo:d! Lay him/it on his/its side! Vo:dahim 'a g na:mt. I am laying my adobe bricks one after the other ... hega'i 'oks ma 'am ta'i vo:dc hab vua. ... that (adult) woman whom they laid down on her back (hearsay) and did something to. ... 'an vo:dk gamai hu keihi 'ep. ... having laid her there (on his shoulder) he resumed his dancing.

vo:d- Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vopda) [Neutr: def 'e-voi]: to be laid down; to
score (so many points), to move (so many holes) ex: Ga hu 'evoi cu:l 'aba'i. He moved to the corner (in the gins game).

vo:dc semi Stat sgo (for plo see vo:podc) [Neutr: def and indef vo:dc. Dur: vo:dci-d.
Interr: vo:dc=ka-him]: to have obj in a lying position ex: ia k 'am hab hema vi'ak 'am ab vo:dc. Well, and after saving one, he just kept it lying there. M(<'am) g ab vo:dcid! Just keep it lying there!

vo:di (Span: bote) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers -vo:di=ga); pl: vopdi]: large metal
container

vo:g N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vo:g=ga; loc: vo:g-c-'e, vo:g-t-'an); pl: vopog]:
road ex: 'A ke:k vo:gc'ea. I am standing on the road. 'A him vo:g 'oidc. I am walking on the road. ge'e-vo:g NComp indiv [pl: ge'ege-vopog]: highway (big road) kalit-vo:g NComp indiv [pl: kaklit-vopog]: wagon road vainom-vo:g NComp indiv [pl: vainom-vopog]: railroad track (iron road) 'aj-vo:g NComp indiv alien (pl: 'a'aj-vopog]: horse path (narrow road)

vo:g Stat [sing (Neutr: indef vo:g; concurs vo:g-c; def vo:g=k. Interr: vo:g=ka-him. Dur:
vo:g=ka-d); mult: vopog]: there is a road ex: No 'om(<'am) hema vo:gc g hu jivhis? Is there a road going over there? Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu hema vo:g. There is no road. No 'om(<'am) ha'i vopog? Are there several roads? 'I 'o skeg vopog. Here there are good roads. 'Am 'o hema cum vo:gkahim. There used to be a road.

vo:gam N subst sg [pl: vopogam]: one with a road/ way to a place

do'ag-vo:gam subst NComp(?): road to a mountain

vo:gam vu Stat Expr: to be the road/ way to a place

ex: 'ea hab cu'ig hega'i matp 'am u vo:gam ki:j vui, 'an ge gi'ikpa to:nk. That which was the way to her house was (hearsay) at that time such that there were (unexpectedly)

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vo:gam/ vo:j
four ridges. 'Id 'o 'am u vo:gam do'ag vui. This is the road to the mountain. 'Id 'o 'am u vo:gam ki: vui. This is the road to my house. Kutp 'id 'am u vo:gam? Is this by any chance the road to there? Heu'u, 'id 'o 'om(<'am) u vo:gam. Yes, it is the road to there.

vo:gga Stat (sing (Neutr: indef vo:gga; def vo:gga=k. Interr: vo:gga=ka-him. Dur:
vo:gga=ka-d); mult: vopogga]: to have a road ex: 'Am hab 'u'ahimk na:nko ma:s ha'icu 'i 'a'an matps 'an ve'evec 'an heg'oidc matp 'an heba'i vo:gga hega'i Ta... Thus after gathering various kinds of feathers that were scattered along wherever Sun had his road ... 'I 'o skeg vopogga. Here they have good roads. 'A:pim 'am skeg vopogga. You people have good roads.

vo:gid Vtr [Neutr: def vo:g; hort and indef vo:gid]: to show the way to obj
ex: Nt o mvo:g. I'll show you the way. Heg 'o ho(<ha)vo:gid. He is the one who is showing them the way. pi 'ap vo:gid VExpr tr: to be a bad example for obj ex: Mu'ikko pi 'ap havo:gid hegam 'a'al. Often, he/they are a bad example for those children. s-'ap vo:gid VExpr tr: to be a good example for obj

vo:gidaag N: initiation vo:gidas Stat: to be initiated, to have been shown the way
ex: Heg 'o 'om(<'am) vo:gidas. He is initiated.

vo:g see Vtr vo:gid= to show the way to obj vo:gjid in si 'e-vo:gjid VExpr reflex: to shiver, to shudder vo:gt V [Neutr: def vo:gt. Interr: vo:gta-him]: to build a road
ex: T o hema vo:gt. He/they are going to (hearsay) build a road. 'Am 'o hema vo:gtahim. He/they are building a road there.

vo:gt Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vo:gt. Correl: 'e-vo:gt-k; immed: 'e-vo:gt-ka-'i. Interr: 'evo:gta-him]: to be built (for a road) ex: 'An 'at o hema 'evo:gt. A road is going (hearsay) to be built there. 'Am 'o hema 'a(<'e)vo:gtahim. A road is being built there. ... 'am ab ge 'evo:gtk gn hu 'ai g ku:gaj. ... after a road had unexpectedly appeared (made itself) which reached its top (of the mountain)...

vo:gta N inalien indiv [pl: vopogta]: road being built / having just been built vo:j see Vtr vo:jid= to cast a spell on obj

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vo:jid/ vo: vo:jid Vtr Unit (for Repet see vopjid; for Distr see vopjid) [Neutr: def vo:j; hort
vo:jid. Correl: vo:jid-k; immed: vo:jid-ka-'i. Compl: vo:jid-ok; immed: vo:jid-oka-'i]: to cast a spell on obj (magic performed by the medicine man in order to disable either the enemy or the competing team in intervillage games) ex: Ha-'amtk- havo:j. There is evidence that a spell has been cast against them. Havo:j 'amt. It is said that a spell was cast against them.

vo:k N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers vo:ka-j, vo:ka-) pl: vo:pk]: stomach, belly
ex: vo:k 'e 'o sko'ok. Inside my stomach it hurts. vo:k 'o sko'ok. My stomach hurts. ... 'in aha(<haha) 'ap(<'ep) onc 'in vo:ka 'an. ... then he chopped him too through the middle (on his stomach) in one blow.

vo:k Stat sing [mult: vo:pk]: to have a stomach, belly

ex: Heg 'o hob(<hab) ma:s mo pi 'i(<'am) hu ha vo:k. He looks as if he did not have a belly (said of a very thin person).

vo:kam N sg [pl: vo:pkam]: one with a stomach, belly; pregnant woman

Bo:l-Vo:kam NComp(?): a nickname (the one with a belly like a football) 'Olas-Vo:kam NComp(?): a nickname (the one with a belly like a ball)

vo:kam Adv: suddenly

ex: B(<vab) vo:kam 'ab 'al ko:pok g hu 'i 'iavak a(<va) hekaj g gins ta'i gei. Having suddenly made a popping noise and fallen down there, at the first throw (immediately) the gins fell face up.

vo:nda- see Vtr vo:= to pull out, pluck obj vo:, vo:pon- Vtr [Neutr: vo:p; hort vo:po; imper sgs vo:p[o]na-, pls vo:p[o]n-o;
indef vo:. Correl: vo:pon-k; immed: vo:pon-ka-'i. Compl: vo:p[o]n-ok; immed: vo:p[o]n-oka-'i. Dur: vo:i-d; imper sgs vo:nda-. Interr: vo:i-him]: to pull out' pluck obj ex: Nt o vo:p g cucul. I'll pluck the chicken. Pi 'i(<'a) hoho'id mant o ho(<ha)vo:p g cucul. I do not like plucking chickens. Pi g 'am hu vo:pon g cucul! Don't pluck the chicken! 'A kunt o 'ab 'a:'ad hega'i tova ves vo:ponka'i! But (surprise) I recently sent that turkey here having completely plucked it! Vo: 'a g cucul. I am plucking the chicken. Vo:ihim 'o. He has been plucking it. 'Am hab aha(<haha) 'i havo:ihimc hab masma hab haju: mo 'on(<'an) hab 'evua g ba'ag 'evo:nc. Then they plucked them until they had done to them what is usually done to an eagle (which is) being plucked. M(<'am) g ab 'i vo:id! Keep on pulling it (grass) out! 'Im hab o 'i vo:hi! Be pulling it(grass) out (with interruptions)!

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vo:/ vo:pkam vo:, vo:p- Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vo:p; indef 'e-vo:; concurs 'e-vo:n-c]: to get plucked
ex: 'Evo:p 'atk hega'i cucul. That chicken has been plucked. ... hab masma hab haju: mo 'on(<'an) hab 'evua g ba'ag 'evo:nc. ... they did to them what is usually done to an eagle being plucked.

vo:[i]ku N inalien indiv [pl: vopo[i]ku]: instrument to pull/ pluck with

civo-vo:[i]ku NComp inalien indiv [pl: civo-vopo[i]ku; distr: cicivovopo[i]ku]: tweezers (also called civo-hu:paku and ho'i-hu:panaku)

vo:ime Vtr Unit sgs [Neutr: def vo:im; hort vo:ime]: to go and pull out/ pluck obj
ex: Nt o vo:im g a'i. I'll go and pull out the grass.

vo:p see Vtr vo:= to pull out/ pluck obj vo:p see Vintr vo:po['o]= to run vo:piva Vintr Unit (for Repet see vo:pivup) pls (for sgs see vo'iva) [Neutr: def and
hort vo:piva; imper vo:piv-yo (*elis of vo:piva-yo). Correl: vo:piva-k; immed: vo:pivaka-'i. Interr: vo:pivu-him]: to lie down, to go to bed ex: Vo:pivuhim 'ac. We are about to go to bed.

vo:pivup Vintr Repet (for Unit see vo:piva) pls (for sgs see vo'ivup): to lie down/ go
to bed repeatedly ex: M hekid 'i vo:pivup? When do you(pl) usually go to bed?

vo:p[] Stat Unit (for Distr anim see vo'ovop) pls anim (for sgs see vo'o) [Neutr: indef
vo:p; concurs vo:p[]-c; def vo:p []=k. Dur: vo:p-[]=ka-d. Interr: vo:p[]=ka-him] to be lying down in one location ex: 'Am ha'i vo:p g vahamma. Some snakes are lying down there. Haiva 'o 'om(<'am) vo:p 'akc'ea. There are cows lying in the wash. M(<'am) g ab o 'i vo:pkad! You(pl) stay in bed! 'Am vo:pc ko:k. They are lying down asleep.

vo:pkadma s- V subst intr pls anim (for sgs see s-vo'okadma): to appear to be
lying down

vo:pku see N vo'iku= bed vo:pk see N vo:k= stomach, belly vo:pk see Stat vo:k= to have a stomach, belly vo:pk, vo:pka'i see Vintr vo:po['o]= to run vo:pkam see N vo:kam= with a stomach, belly; pregnant woman

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vo:pod/ vo:po'icud vo:pod Vtr plo (for sgo see vo:p) [def, hort and indef vo:pod. Dur: vo:poda-d. Interr:
vo:poda-him]: to lay obj down, to put obj to bed ex: Nant 'i v(<vo) va havo:pod? Shall I lay them down here? Kutt gda:m 'an o ho(<ha)vo:pod. We will lay them down on top of it. Hada'adam 'apt o 'i havo:pod. Lay them down on top of each other. Ga:gahi mt o 'i havo:pod. Lay them down on their sides. 'Am g o a(<va) 'i havo:pod! Lay them down over there! P hekid 'i havo:pod? When do you(sg) put them to bed? 'I 'apt o ho(<ha)vo:podad! Be laying them down here! Pt o 'aigo 'i havo:podad! Turn them over (several times)! Da'adam 'apt o ho(<ha)vo:pod. Lay them (boards) down on top of one another.

vo:podc semi Stat plo (for sgo see vo:dc) [Neutr: def and indef vo:podc. Dur:
vo:podci-d. Interr: vo:podc=ka-him]: to have obj in a lying position

vo:podva Vtr Unit plo (for sgo see vodva) [Neutr: def and hort vo:podva]: to lay obj
down (same as vo:pod) ex: 'I 'apt o a(<va) 'i havo:podva! You(sg) will lay them down here!

vo:pon see Vtr vo:= to pull out pluck, obj vo:pona N inalien: act of plucking vo:pona N inalien [1st pers sg -vo:pona]: something being plucked or having just been
plucked mu: vo:pona NExp [1st pers sg: mu: -vo:pona]: beans just plucked ex: Nt o ge:g g mu: vo:pona mant 'am ce: 'ama'i. I'll beat (in order to remove the pods) the beans that I have just plucked and which I put down in a pile over there.

vo:po'i see Vdtr vo:po'id= to take obj away from somebody vo:po'ic see Vtr vo:po'icud= to make obj run vo:po'ic see Vreflex 'e-vo:po'icud= to run vo:po'ic see Vreflex 'e-vo:po'icud= to race against each other vo:po'icud Vtr plo (for sgo see melcud) [Neutr: def vo:po'ic; hort and indef
vo:po'icud]: to make obj run, to drive obj

vo:po'icud Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vopoicud) pls (for sgs see 'e-melcud): to
run for exercise, to run a race, to be made to run gm hu si 'e-vo:po'icud VExpr reflex pls (for sgs see gm hu si 'e-melcud): to run away at full speed ex: Gm hu si 'i(<'e)vo:po'ic. They ran away at full speed.

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vo:po'icud/ vo:po'ic vo:po'icud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-memelicud) [Neutr: def 'e-vo:po'ic]: to race
against each other ex: Tt o tvo:po'ic. We are going to race (against each other). 'Am 'ac cum tvo:po'icudahim. We used to race (against each other) there.

vo:po'id Vdtr [Neutr: def vo:po'i; hort and indef vo:po'id; concurs vo:po'id-c. Correl:
vo:po'id-k; immed: vo:po'id-ka-'i. Compl: vo:po'id-ok; immed: vo:po'id-oka-'i]: to take obj away from somebody ex: 'I 'at vo:po'i. He just now took it away from me. Heg 'at ves o tvo:po'i g ha'icu thug. He is going to take all our food away from us. Heg 'o hejel ab thugka ha'icu tvo:po'idc. She is the one who keeps pinching us without provocation (just by herself) as she takes things away from us.

vo:po'idag s- Stat pls (for sg see s-meldag): to be good at running vo:po'idkam s- N subst pl (for sg see s-melidkam): good runner (said of people,
dogs, horses, cars)

vo:po'idkam vu s- Stat Expr pls (for sgs see vu s-melidkam): to be a good

runner

vo:po'idt Vintr pls (for sgs see melidt) [Neutr: def vo:po'idt. Interr: vo:po'idta-him]: to
become able to run

vo:po'im s- Adv pl (for sg see s-melim): desirous to run drive

ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) svo:po'im 'eju:jkcid! Don't be acting like you are desirous to leave (by car)!

vo:po'im s- V subst intr pls (for sgs see s-melim): to feel like running/ driving
ex: Cum 'ac svo:po'im 'u:pam. We would like to go (drive) home.

vo:po'imam N subst pl (for sg see melimam): ones who feel like running/going
by car; travelers (by car)

vo:po'imk s- Adv pl (for sg see s-melimk): anxious to run/ drive

ex: Svo:po'imk hab 'eju:jkc. They act anxious to leave (by car).

vo:po'imk s- Stat pls (for sgs see s-melimk): to be anxious to run/ drive
ex: Svo:po'imk 'ac 'am 'u:pam. We are anxious to go (drive) home.

vo:po'ic semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see vo'ic) [Neutr: def and indef vo:po'ic]: to be in a
lying position on top of obj; to hatch obj

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vo:po'o/ vua vo:po'o Vintr Repet (for Unit see vo'o) [Neutr: indef vo:po'o. Correl: vo:p-k; immed:
vo:p-ka-'i]: to spend the night, camp for the night, repeatedly ex: P heba'i vo:po'o 'am himadc? Where do you(sg) spend the night when you are travelling (on foot)? Hab a(<va) masma gi'ik vo:pk gm hu 'a'ahe. Having, in the same way as before, camped for the night four times, they reached their destination (they reached it over there).

vo:po['o] Vintr Unit (for Repet see vopo) pls (for sgs see me) [Neutr: def vo:p; indef
vo:po'o; hort vo:po'i; imper: vo:po'i-o. Correl: vo:p-k; immed: vo:p-ka-'i. Compl: vo:po'iok; immed: vo:po'i-oka-'i. Interr: vo:po['o]-him. Dur: vo:po['o]-d; concurs vo:po['o]-d-c]: to run, to drive ex: ia k 'am shamai mat 'am vo:p mamaaj havui. Well, and he found out that they had run to her children. Sba:bag g o vo:po'i! Drive slow! ... mat ab 'an vo:pohid. ... they were running aimlessly (with interruptions). Ba:mt hu vo vo:pk hab cu'ijig? Where is it that you(pl) are running to? ... mat 'am o vo:pk 'am o ho(<ha)ei. ... that they will run there and look at them. Vo:pka'io! Run along! Vo:pka'ik o ho(<ha)ei! Run and look at them! Vo:po'ioka'ik o ho(<ha)ei! Run, look at them (and come back here)! M g o ob(<vab) 'i vo:po'od! Keep on running! Tt o vo:po'od. We'll be running (continuously). ... 'im vo:po'odc gahu vab 'i 'i(<'e)ce:mo'odc jevuhugdagt'ab c 'im 'aigo vo:po'odc 'ab ab 'i 'i(<'e)ce:mo'odc 'ab 'u:pam vo:po'odc... ... they kept running in one direction and getting blocked over there at the seashore (the end of the world), running in the other direction and getting there (at the other shore) and running back home ... 'In 'o vo:po'o. They are driving by (running by). 'In 'o vo:po'ohim. They have been driving around here (without stopping).

vo:po'odam N subst (for sg see medam): something or somebody running

constantly; runners

vo:po'olakhim Vintr Interr pls (for sgs see vo'olakhim): to be going trot (said of
persons)

vuvua Vtr Unit (for Repet see vu:pa) sgo (for plo see ul[i]g) [Neutr: def vua; imper: sgs
vua-; hort vua[-'i]. Correl: vua-k; immed: vua-ka-'i. Compl: vui-yok; immed: vui-yoka'i. Interr: vui-him]: to put obj somewhere (habitually) ex: Ba:pt vua? Where did you(sg) put it/him? ...'am 'i bek g hu vua. ... having taken it (the horse) there, he put it in (the corral). ... 'am vua veco. ... they put it under him. M apt o a 'al ha vua g 'asugal, t o a 'al si'ovk. If you put some sugar in it, it will taste sweet. 'At ha vua g kula 'an 'emo'o 'an. He put some medicine (ointment) on his (own) head. B(<'ab) 'ant o hema vua g si:nko. I'll put a nickel in (a slot).-- M(<'am) g ha vua g

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vua
'on cu:kugt'ab! Put some salt on the meat! 'An g 'ep ha vua'i g jevu! Put some more soil on (it)! 'An g vua'i gda:m! Put it on top of it! M(<'am) g ha vua'i g cu'i-'asugal vasib 'e! Put some powdered sugar in my drink! 'Evuhio g vua'i! Put it (powder) on your face. Vuiyoka'i! Leave it (there) for a while! 'I 'ant o a(<va) 'i mvuiyoka'i. I'll leave you here for a while. 'Am 'ant o a(<va) mvuiyok. I'll leave you there for a while. gm hu vua VExpr tr Unit sgo (for plo see gm hu ul[i]g): to throw obj away (habitually) ex: Gm 'ant hu vua. I threw it away. M 'ant hu o vua. I'll throw it away. Gam g hu vua'i! Throw it away! ha'as vua VExpr tr Unit sgo (for plo see ha'as ulig): to accumulate obj ex: jevu vi'umk 'ab vuhio ha'as vua ... (the wind) having blown dust accumulated it on my face. hebhu/heb hu vua VComp/Expr tr Unit (for Repet see hebhu/heb hu vu:pa) sgo (for plo see hebhu/heb hu ulig): to lose obj ex: Pt o hebhu vua. You(sg) are going to lose it. Heb 'ant hu vua. I lost it. Kutk 'an aha(<haha) b(<vab) hebhu vua g 'oks g 'e'ailo. Then my wife (the wife) just lost her ring (in the ocean). hek vua VExpr tr Unit sgo (for plo see hek ulig): to waste obj ex: T ab o hek vua. He will only waste it. 'Id 'o cum hekid hek vua g 'elialga. He wastes his money constantly. Pi g 'am hek vuad g 'elialga! Don't be wasting your money! Hek (<'a) vua g lialkaj. I wasted money on it. Napt hek vua g 'elialgakaj? Did you get your money's worth for it? 'i vua VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see 'i vu:pa) sgo: to throw obj down ex: Heg 'at o 'i mvua. He (the horse) is going to throw you. ... 'am hab 'i vua hega'i ki:. ... he knocked that house down. ... b(<vab) 'am a(<va) 'i vua 'ama'i. ... there, he knocked him down completely. 'I 'at vuak 'an nda:m 'ekei. After throwing me, he stepped on top of me.

vua V Unit (for Distr see vu:pa) sing (for mult see ulig): to make a basket (playing
basketball) ex: B(<'ab) g hema vua'i! Make a basket!

vua g cevag VExpr [Neutr: def vu; imper sgs vua-]: to bring cloudiness
ex: Vua g cevag! Bring cloudiness!

vua g ju:k, VExpr [Neutr: def vua; hort vua[-'i]; imper sgs vua-]: to bring rain,
ex: Vua g ju:k! Bring rain! Ma:kai 'at o vua g ju:k. The medicine man will bring rain.

vua g 'eogivul VExpr [Neutr: def vua: hort vua[-'i]; imper sgs vua-. Correl: vuak;
immed: vua-ka-'i. Compl: vui-yok; immed: vui-yoka-'i. Interr vui-him; Correl: vui-him-k. Dur: vui-hi-d; concurs vui-hi-d-c.]: to kick one's kicking ball

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vua
ex: ... k 'ab he'eskoji 'ab si vua hega'i ogivul. ... and from a certain distance, he kicked his kicking ball hard this way. Vua g 'eogivul! Kick your kicking ball! 'Oi g vua['i] g 'eogivul! Go ahead and kick your kicking ball! Tp 'amje me: hega'i 'o'odham vuihimk g 'eogivul. From there that man ran after kicking his kicking ball. Tp 'amje vo:p vuihimk g 'eoogivul. From there they ran, each one after kicking his kicking ball. ... vuihidc memea hasko 'am 'i hihhimadc. ... run (while) kicking it wherever you are going. Nt o 'ip vuioka'i g nogivul. First I'll kick my kicking ball for a while.

vua Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vua; hort 'e-vua[-'i]. Correl: 'e-vua-k; immed: 'e-vua-ka-'i]: to
be put somewhere ha'ap 'e-vua VExpr (for Repet see 'am ha'ap 'e-vu:pa): to project one's thoughts into the past (same as 'u:pam [ha'ahog] 'e-vua) 'u:pam [ha'ahog] 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to project oneself back in the past (same as 'am ha'ap 'e-vua) ex: Nt a(<va) 'im 'u:pam ha'ahog 'i vua. I relived the recent past. Nt a(<va) 'am 'u:pam 'i vua. I projected my thoughts in the distant past.

vua hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: def, indef hab/has vua. Dur: hab/has vua-d. Interr: hab/has
vui-him]: with hab: to behave in a certain (specified) way toward obj reiteratedly or in a customary way; with has: to behave in a certain (unspecified) way toward obj reiteratedly or in a customary way ex: a:p vua? What are you(sg) doing to it/him? a:p vua? What are you(sg) doing to me? a:m vua? What are you(pl) doing to it/him? a:p havua? What are you(sg) doing to them? ... hab ju: mac 'in g haiva-cu:kug hab vua. ... he did to it (the meat) what we around here usually do to beef. 'Atp 'am has 'i vua 'am ki: 'ea. They do certain things to her (copulate with her) in her house. ... hega'i 'oks ma 'am ta'i voodc hab vua. ... that woman whom they (hearsay) do something to while she lays down on her back. Heg g 'am hab 'i vuad! Be doing it (something specific) to him! -- M(<'am) g ab hab 'i vuad! Keep on doing it (something specific) to it/him! Hua 'o hob(<hab) vua. She is working on a basket. ia 'am hab havuihimc 'am 'i hana:to. Well, she worked on them until she finished them. ha'icu/hascu hab/has vua VExpr: to do something, to be busy, occupied ex: P hascu has vuadc 'i hab da? What are you doing sitting here? P hascu has vua a:vai 'e? What do you usually do on Saturday? M(<'am) 'atp hascu has 'i vua. They are busy over there (doing something unknown to the speaker). Pi 'int(<'ant) ha'icu has o vuad. I will not be doing anything. Nt o ha'icu has vuad. I'll be doing something. Ha'icu 'o has vuihim. He has been doing something. Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu has a 'i vuihim tako. Yesterday I was doing absolutely nothing. Ha'icu 'o pi 'ap has vua. He is doing something bad. na:nko vua VExpr tr: to do all kinds of things to obj ex: ... na:nko vua map 'am eid mo has masma hab cu'ig g 'a'al. ... they do to him all kinds of things in the manner you see children behave (are like). ... 'atp 'am hi a(<va) 'i si na:nko hob(<hab) 'i vuihim hega'i ginsku c hega'i hodai. ... she had done all kinds

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vua
of things to those gins sticks and to that stone (so that they would always win). pi 'ap has vua VExpr tr: to mistreat obj ex: Pi 'o 'ap has vua. He mistreats me continually. Pi 'ap has vuihim. He has been mistreating me. 'a'ai hab vua VExpr tr: to make obj sway ex: Tp hems g hevel sgevkam o 'i mek ab 'in 'a'ai hab o vuad 'i:da'a do'ag. Perhaps the wind, having blown hard, will just rock this mountain.

vua hab/has VExpr tr: to happen to obj

ex: 'A ko pi hekid ha'icu hab vua ma vacvi. But (surprise) never does anything (like this) happen to me while I am swimming.

vua hab/has VExpr reflex [Neutr: indef hab/has 'e-vua. Dur: hab/has 'e-vua-d. Interr:
hab/has 'e-vui-him]: with hab: to behave in a certain (specified) way habitually; with has: to behave in a certain (unspecified) way habitually, to happen to someone from his doing ex: Hek 'a hu hab vua. I have already done it. a:p 'evua? What are you(sg) doing? a:m 'evua? What are you(pl) doing? P has 'evua a:vai 'e? What do you(sg) usually do on Saturday? ... 'am 'i scuk tp hab a(<va) 'eju: mo 'om(<'am) hab 'evua. After dark they did what they usually do. B(<hab) 'o a(<va) 'evua g hemajkam. This is what the people usually do. Mat hekid g hemajkam o si naumk pi 'i ma:c mo has 'i 'i(<'e)vua. When a person is completely drunk he does not know what he is doing. Tp 'am aha(<haha) has 'i 'ep 'evuihimc 'am 'ep da'ivu. Then again she did certain things (unknown to speaker) until another one came out (another baby was born). B(<hab) g 'evuad! Be doing it (acting that way)! B(<hab) 'amt o 'o(<'e)vuadc hab o mu'ida. As you(pl) are doing it (copulate) you will increase in number. hab 'evuadc 'an ab ha'u'u hegam ha:pod. What he was doing (hearsay) was merely to grab those arrows. 'Ab hihimk 'ab hab he'esko 'i daha matp 'an hab 'evuadc 'an 'ema:k hega'i cu:kug. Having come, they sit some distance away while what they (the people) are doing is to distribute that meat among each other. a:cu 'um(<'am) has 'evuadc 'i a 'oiyopo? What are you(pl) doing (being around) here? B(<hab) 'ac a(<va) tvuadc 'am hihhimc 'ab he'es 'i 'oiyopo heg'ab g do'ag c 'am 'ep hihhim ... It is our custom (what we usually do is) to go there and stay for a while on that mountain and leave again ... cum hab/has 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to exert oneself in vain ex: ... cum ab has o 'o(<'e)vuad ... no matter what you'll be doing. ... 'am hab cum vuihimc pi a 'i nnako mans 'am hab o ju:. ... in spite of my efforts (I exerted myself in vain) I could not do it. ia tp 'am hab cum 'evuihim kutp 'i pi a 'i vam. Well, in spite of their efforts she did not get up. ... 'am hi a(<va) 'i cum has 'evuihimc 'oia 'am 'i 'i:bamk 'am 'i mu: hega'i Ban. ... in spite of his efforts, Coyote then choked and died. na:nko 'i 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to do all kinds of things/ one's various duties/ chores ex: ... k hab ge cuhug 'am na:nko 'i 'i(<'e)vuihim ... and thus all night long they did all kinds of things (as was customary). s-ta-'e:bidam 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to behave in a frightening way ex: M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) voho sta'e:bidam 'evua. Indeed she behaves in a frightening way.

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vua/-vuad
s'ap hab 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to be doing fine ex: Na 'am a(<va) s'ap hab vua? Am I doing well? Heu'u, s'ap 'ap hab 'evua. Yes, you are doing fine. o'ig 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to be taken advantage of ex: M 'ap 'a:pi'i o'ig 'evua. You are being taken advantage of. o'ig 'evuadc mu'i cikpan. He is being taken advantage of at work. vab hab 'e-vua VExpr reflex Unit: to be pretending, acting up ex: B(<hab) 'o ob(<vab) 'evua. He is just acting up. vab hashu 'e-vua VExpr reflex Unit: to do something nonsensical, to misbehave ex: 'Ep 'aptp a(<va) vab hashu 'evuac hab hehem. Again you must be misbehaving the way you laugh! Nap ab hashu 'am 'evua? Are you misbehaving over there? Pi g 'am hu ab hashu 'evuad! Don't be misbehaving! voho hab 'e-vua m- VExpr reflex: to act as if ex: Tp a(<va) voho b(<hab) 'evua 'idam 'o'odham mo 'ob(<'ab) je: ... Indeed these people act as if they were really smoking it ... 'a'ai hab 'e-vua VExpr reflex: to sway to and fro ex: Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha gevkdag, (<ku) 'an 'a'ai hab 'evua. They have no strength, they sway (hearsay) to and fro.

vua hab/has VExpr reflex: to be going on, happening, taking place habitually
ex: a: 'o 'am 'evua?/ K has 'am 'evua?/ a:cu 'o 'am has 'evua?/K hascu 'am has 'evua? What is happening over there? ... 'an eid matp na:nko ha'icu 'i 'i(<'e)vua. ... he looks at the various things that are going on. Kutp hems 'an ha'icu o has 'evuad. Maybe there will be something going on there. T hascu has o 'i 'i(<'e)vuad a:vai 'e? What do you hear will be going on Saturday? ... tp 'ab hab 'evua g pictures. ... pictures appear (are going on) in there (in the slot machine). ... mat 'ab 'amje na:to g jevu mo 'on(<'an) hab 'evua hemu. ... from it he made the world as it exists (is going on) now. ... 'im hu ha'ap 'am hab 'evua g cikpan. ... in that direction there is work (work is going on). ... 'am hek hu hub(<hab) 'evua g e'i tp dada. ... already the dancing was taking place when they arrived

vua hab VExpr reflex impers: the thing to be done is (with relative clause)
ex: ... c ababa hab 'evua mamt 'am o hema hi:. ... but the thing to be done is for one of you to go there. B(<hab) a 'i 'evua matt 'ida 'am a(<va) tna:to. The only thing to be done is for us to get started now. ... c hekaj hab a 'i 'evua mamt 'am o hema me: hemu. ... and therefore the only thing to be done is for one of you to run there right away. Begi kc hab a 'i 'evua mattp 'am a(<va) has masma vo ho(<ha)'ui hegam. Well, and the only thing to be done is for us to get them somehow.

vuad hab VExpr reflex [Dur: 'e-vuada-d]: to pretend, to act as if

ex: Kumt hab 'i v(<vo) va 'evuadad mamt 'ab o je:id. You(pl) will pretend that you are smoking it.

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-vuadam/ vu -vuadam in cevagi-vuadam NComp aggreg: rain maker(s) -vuadam in cu'ijig-hab-vuadam NComp aggreg: sinner(s) -vuadam in cu'i-vuadam NComp: corn meal thrower (the man who throws corn
meal on people during the Vi:gida ceremony)

-vuadam in ju:ki-vuadam NComp aggreg: rain maker(s) Vuaga N: girl's puberty Vuaga e'i NExpr(?) indiv [pl: Vuaga e'ei]: Vuaga song and dance
ex: Nap sma:c 'i:da'a Vuaga e'i? Do you(sg) know this Vuaga song and dance? Nap ha'i shama:c g Vuaga e'ei? Do you(sg) know some Vuaga songs and dances?

vuagame Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see vuagop) [Neutr: def vuagam]: to die (to go to a
girl's puberty ceremony)

vuagid Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-vuag]: to take place (about a girl's puberty
ceremony) ex: T o 'o(<'e)vuag 'am 'Ak Ci 'am. There is going (hearsay) to be a girl's puberty ceremony at 'Ak Ci.

Vuagida N: girl's puberty ceremony

ex: Napt ha ei g Vuagida? Did you ever see a girl's puberty ceremony?

vuagop Vintr pls (for sgs see vuagame) [Neutr: def vuago]: to die (to go to a girl's
puberty ceremony)

vu, u, , d Part: to be
ex: Skeg u 'uv. She is a beautiful woman. Skeg u 'u'uv g 'a'alidaj. His daughters (children) are beautiful women. Nap s'ap u viappoi? Are you a good boy? S'ap 'a u viappoi. I am a good boy. Nt o s'ap u viappoik. I will be a good boy. Nap u s'ap viappoikahim? Have you been a good boy? D(<vu) 'o 'ega. It is mine. D(<vu) 'o 'egaj. It is his. Kut u o m'egak. It will be yours. Kut u o 'egajk. It will be his. B(<hab) ge ma:s mo (<vu) ab hohodai. They look just like stones. 'Am heba'i ki: 'ama'i mac hab 'a'aga ma u Ha:a Ke:k 'i hab ha'ap. She lived somewhere on this side of what we call Ha:a Ke:k. Hek hu hab 'a'aga g 'o'odham ha'icu mo g ki: 'ab hekaj 'ekukpa (<ma) u epa. People used to call that with which a house is closed epa. Ha'icu 'a u sbai-cu'i. It is something called pinole (cooked flour). Ku 'am hu heba'i ki: mac hab 'a'aga ma ha'icu u Siva-Ma:kai. Somewhere

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vu/ vuacug
lives a being whom we call Siva-Ma:kai. D(<vu) 'a vestmn 'ahidag. I am ten years old. Do:p u? Who are you(sg)? Do: vu? Who is he? D(<vu) 'o tkovnalig. He is our headman. Do: (<vu) ki: hega'i? Whose house is that? D(<vu) 'o ki:. It is my house. Hei u 'alicu? Who is the youngest? a: 'o mas u 'o'odham? What kind of a man is he? D(<vu) 'ant o 'a:i'ik. It will be me. 'A:i 'ant u ok. I will be the one. Nat 'am o 'a:g matp hascu u o 'ik. Is he going to tell me what it will be? ...t a(<va) 'ab o je: mas hascu u ok. ... that we should taste what it is. Tp 'ea gm hu u 'i mat hab 'i hu:kak 'ab 'i hio ha'icu. It was the time when it gets warmer and things are in bloom.

vu- Vtr Unit (for Repet see vupa) sgo and sing (for plo and mult see vu:p[u])
[Neutr: def vu:; hort vu:; imper sgs vua-, pls vu-vo. Correl: vu-k; immed: vu-ka-'i. Compl: vu-ok; immed: vu-oka-'i]: to tie a rope around obj, to tie obj with a rope; to tie obj together into a bundle; to bandage obj ex: Hascu 'a:gk pi vu: g 'eoiga? Why didn't you tie your pet (horse)? Nt o vu: g a'i. I'll tie a bale of hay. .. 'in vu: g cuk vijina. .. he tied a black rope (around himself). heg 'im aha(<haha) voi 'e'o: 'am k 'an si vu: 'e'ea. ... then he laid that on his back and tied it firmly around himself. Vua! Put a rope around it/him! Vua g kakioj! Tie his legs together! Vua g 'e'i'iks! Make a bundle of your bedding! N(<'an) g vu:! Put a rope around it/him! M(<'am) g vu: g sbibtag! Make a bundle of dirty clothes! Vuk o 'i vackvak o vul. Put a rope around him, pull at him and tie him. 'olatk vu- VExpr tr: to hogtie obj

vua N: act of roping, tying something

ex: Nap sma:c g vua? Do you know how to rope?

vua N inalien indiv [pl: vu:p[u]a]: bundle being tied or having just been tied vua vu Stat Expr sg [pl: vu vu:p[u]a]: to be a bundle
ex: 'A:i 'o (<vu) vua. It is my (emphatic) bundle. 'A:i 'o (vu) vu:pua. They are my (emphatic) bundles.

vuac see Vtr vuacug= to carry obj tied in a bundle vuac semi Stat tr sing (for mult see vu:p[u]ac) [Neutr: def, hort and indef vuac.
Dur : vuaci-d. Interr: vuac=ka-him]: to have obj tied into one bundle ex: N(<'an) g ab(<vab) 'i vuacid! Keep it/him tied!

vuacug Vtr sing [Neutr: def vuac; hort and indef vuacug]: to carry obj tied in a
bundle ex: 'Apt 'oi vo namk 'i:da'a ma a(<va) vuacug! You go ahead and match this which I am carrying tied in a bundle!

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vuaag/ vuhak vuaag s- Stat sg (pls: s-vupaag): to be good at roping

ex: Heg 'o svuaag. He is good at roping.

vuaag s-ta- Stat sg (pl: s-ta-vupaag): to be really good at roping vuakam s- N subst: one good at roping vua[i]mk s- Stat tr: to be anxious to put a rope around obj
ex: Heg 'an 'a svuaimk. That one (a horse) is the one I like as a mount (I want to put a rope around him).

vuaj see Vdtr vuaj[i]d= to rope obj for somebody vuaj[i]d Vdtr Unit (for Repet see vupajid) sgo (for plo see vu:p[u]ajid) [Neutr:
def vuaj; hort vuajid]: to rope obj for somebody ex: Nt o mvuaj g mvisiloga. I will rope your calf for you(sg). Nt o mvu:puaj. I will rope them for you(sg). --N(<'an) g ab(<vab) 'i vuajid! Just rope it for me!

vuaku N inalien indiv [pl: vu:puaku]: something (such as a rope, string, wire, or
rag) to tie something with kahio vuaku NExpr inalien [sg (3rd pers sg kakio-j vuaku); pl: kakio vu:puaku; distr: kakkio vu:puaku]: garter aliv vuaku NExpr inalien [3rd pers sg al[i]vi-j vuaku]: string or rope used as a belt for one's pants 'ipu vuaku NExpr inalien: string or rope used as a belt for one's skirt

vuamag s- Stat: to be one who likes to rope vumakam s- N subst: one who likes to rope vuha see Vtr vuhan= to wake up obj vuha see Vintr vuhak= to get out; to come out of the ground; to show up; to be born vuhaidag in ha'icu vuhaidag NExpr: new shoots, young branches
'u:pa-vuhaidag NComp(?): catclaw new shoots

vuhaidaj N: new shoots, young branches of a specified plant (its new shoots) vuhak Vintr Unit (for Repet see vuhhak) pls (for sgs see vu:a) [Neutr: def vuha;
indef vuhak; hort vuhak; imper vuhaki-o; concurs: vuhak-c. Correl: vuha-k; immed: vuha-ka-'i. Compl: vuha-yok/vuhaki-ok; immed: vuha-yoka-'i/vuhaki-oka-'i. Interr: vuhak-him. Dur: vuhaka-d]: to get out, to come out; to show up; to be born

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vuhak/ vuhasidam ex: Vuhakio! Come out! M g hu o kia 'i vuhak! Get out for a while! ... 'ab 'i vuhak 'ab 'i dahaiva. ... having gotten out they sat down. ia matp 'am aha(<haha) 'i vuhak 'amje aha(<haha) 'ep hihi. Well, then they got out of there and then from there they walked again. ... 'e'a'alga pi ha'eag mo pi 'i vuhak hi a(<va) hab a'a(<va'a). ... they did not find their children who do not show up at all. 'Am hab ju: mo 'om(<'am) b(<hab) aha(<haha) vua g hemajkam c 'ab 'amje 'i vuhak g 'ali. He did what people usually do and as a consequence of which children are born. ... c 'am va:pk heg'ea ciho an 'i 'ep vuhakc 'am 'ep va:pk. ... and they go into that cave, and they come out again and they go in again. M(<'am) g o ob(<vab) 'i vuhakadc 'ab 'ep 'i va:pkad! You(pl) keep on going out and in! vuhak Vintr [Neutr: def vuha; indef vuhak. Interr: vuhak-him]: to grow from the ground
up; to shoot upward/ outward ex: Mat hekid 'ab o 'i vuha g habahidag kumt o smai mo g toabk 'emiabidkahim. When their fruits (of the saguaro) come out, you(pl) will know that summer is approaching. Vuha 'atk g 'e'es. My plants have come out of the ground. He'es 'i ce'ecev vo vuha hega'i ha'icu mat o vu:. They will grow a certain height those things that grow there. Vuhakhim 'o. They are coming out of the ground (with interruptions). K hekid 'i vuhak? When does it (corn) come out? Hegam ma:hagam-'us pi 'i hu vuhak 'i:ya'a. Palm trees do not grow here.

vuhak Vintr impers [Neutr: def vuha]: to make sense

ex: Pt o 'i mamcek 'am o 'i 'oidahi, t o a(<va) 'i vuha. Study it, figure out the logic of it, it will make sense. B(<vab) ge 'i vuhakhim g i'ok. The words are beginning to make sense.

vuhan Vtr sgo (for plo see vu:pan) [Neutr: def vuha; hort vuhan; imper sgs vuhana-.
Correl: vuhan-k; immed: vuhan-ka-'i. Compl: vuhan-ok; immed: vuhan-oka-'i]: to wake up obj once ex: Pt o vuha. You(sg) will wake me up. M(<'am) g vuhan! Wake him up (go there and wake him up)! B(<'ab) g 'i vuhan! Wake him up (and make him come here)!

vuhasid Vtr Unit (for Repet see vuhhasid) plo (for sgo see vu:[a]d) [Neutr: def
vuhas; hort vuhasid. Correl: vuhasid-k; immed: vuhasid-ka-'i. Compl: vuhasid-ok; immed: vuhasid-oka-'i]: to take obj out ex: ... 'am hab aha(<haha) 'i havuhas. ... then he took them (the rabbits) out (of the pot). ... 'am 'i havuhas g 'eko'odc. ... he took his kills out. ... k 'ab hab 'i vuhas hega'i cu:kug. ... after that they took the pieces of meat out (of the cave). 'E-'et-'ai g ta mat 'i o 'i 'emvuhas 'i:ya'a. The day has come when they will (hearsay) take you(pl) out of there. M(<'am) g 'i havuhasid! Be taking them out! ... 'am aha(<haha) 'i vuhasidk 'ab si ki'iva. ... then having taken them out he chewed them.

vuhasidam s- V subst tr plo (for sgo see s-vu:dam): to feel like taking obj out
ex: Cum 'a hi a(<va) 'i shavuhasidam. I was planning to take them out (but I did not)

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vuhasidma/ vuhiovuhasidma s- V subst tr plo (for sgo see s-vu:adma): to appear to have taken obj
out

vuhhak Vintr Repet (for Unit see vuhak) [Neutr: indef vuhhak]: to come out
repeatedly ex: Hegam mo 'an 'i vuhhak mat o scuk mo 'ab 'al tohonno. (Stars are) those which come out when it is dark, and which kind of twinkle up there (in the sky).

vuhhasid Vtr Repet (for Unit see vuhasid) plo (for sgo see vuad) [Neutr: indef
vuhhasid. Dur: vuhhasida-d]: to take obj out repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i havuhhasid? When do you take them out? Nt o 'i havuhhasidad. I'll keep on taking them out repeatedly.

vu[h]i N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg vuhi-j, vuhi-; instr: vui-kaj); pl: vu:pui]: eye
ex: 'ab vuhi 'ab= on his eye 'Ac eid g tvu:puikaj. We see with our eyes.--Pt o 'i cui g 'evuhi! Wink once! M g 'i cuiu g 'evuhi! Why don't you wink once!

vuhi N indiv [pl: vu:pui]: eye, knot, ring (of a plant) vuhi Stat sing [mult: vu:pui]: to have an eye, a knot, a ring (for a plant)
ex: Ge vuhi g huk. The board has a knot (unexpectedly).

vuhi-bi:t NComp inalien [3rd pers sg vuhi-bi:ta-j]: eye smear vuhi-bi:t s- StatComp: to have a lot of eye smear
ex: a 'i svuhi-bi:t. He has a lot of eye smear.

vuhinova Vtr Unit (for Repet see vuhinovup) sgs (for pls see vu:puihova): to
winnow obj with a basket ex: Pi 'ipt(<'apt) voho vo vuhinova, 'a:i 'ant o vuhinova mat ab o 'i 'enapaka. Don't winnow it, I'll winnow it so that it will just get mashed.

vuhinovup Vtr Repet (for Unit see vuhinova) sgs (for pls see vu:puinovup): to
winnow obj repeatedly

vuhio Postp [dist: vu:pio]: on the face of obj

ex: 'Evuhio g vua'i! Put it on your face! 'Apt o 'i 'i(<'e)huhu 'ab 'evuhio. You will rub (cream) on your face. Si na:nko masma 'ab 'o'oho 'ab vuhio hega'i 'uv. He painted all kinds of designs on the face of that woman. 'Evu:pio 'omt(<'amt) o vua! Each one of you will put it (powder) on your face!

vuhio-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv: wash basin (same as vuhioa-vakonaku)

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vuhioa/ vui vuhioa N indiv inalien [sg (3rd pers sg vuhioa-j); pl: vu:pioa]: face
ex: Si na:nko masma 'ab ha'o'oho havu:pioa 'ab hegam 'u'uv. He painted all kinds of designs on the faces of those women.

vuhioa N indiv alien: mask

ban-vuhioa NComp alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg ban-vuhioa=ga-j); pl: ba:banvu:pioa]: hoe (coyote's face) kokoi-vuhioa NComp: Halloween mask pako'olavuhioa NComp: Pascola dancer's mask vi:imvuhioa NComp alien: Vi:gida dancer's mask

vuhioa-vakonaku NComp inalien indiv [pl: vuhioa-vapkonaku]: wash basin

(same as vuhio-vakonaku)

vui Postp [distr: vu'uvui]: to, toward, facing, obj

ex: ... k hab kaij 'am vui g Malya... ... and he says to Mary ... B(<hab) 'o kaij 'am vui g 'epionag ... He says to his servant ... Kutt 'i a dadak 'am o si has 'i 'el 'am vui g Jesus ... We came here in order to praise Jesus ... S'ap ta:hadkam 'an jevu da:m 'am havui g ves hemajkam! Peace on earth to all people! Heg 'o scekaidag 'am havui g 'ege'egega. He is obedient to his parents. Pt 'am o jiva hegvui hega'i 'uv. You(sg) will go to that woman. ... g hu jiva vui hega'i 'eve:m-ki:kam. ... he got back to his wife. Pt 'am o jiva gvui hega'i. You will get to him. 'Am 'ant gvui vo hi:. I will go to him. ... mat 'am vo:p mamaaj havui. ... that they ran to her sons. M g 'i 'u'icug 'am gvui! Take them to him! Gam g hu him Sisters haki: vui! Go over to the Sisters' house! 'Im 'atp hab hi a(<va) hihi si'alig vui. They might very well have gone toward the east. Nt o hi: gvui mo 'om(<'am) 'onag. I'll go where there is salt. Mamt o hihi 'am gvui mam heba'i 'i(<'e)'elid mamt 'am o hihi. You(pl) will go where you(pl) intend to go. Shoho'id 'a mant o hi: 'am Cuk-on vui. I'd like to go to Tucson. ku 'ab vui da hega'i 'al viappoi. ..the boy is sitting facing him. 'i hab a 'i vui hema 'ep ke:k. .. just a little way facing it, there stands another one (a mountain). .. scuhugam o dahak tai vui g hu ki:c'ea. ..at night they sit facing the fire inside the house. M 'o (<vud) she:kig ha'icu 'am ves hemajkam havui. It is happiness for all the people. Pi g 'am sbagak 'ab vui! Don't be angry with me! Napt hig pi 'am a(<va) shoho'i 'ab vui g hemako s'uamcu? Didn't you fully agree with me (that it would be) one copper? B(<'ab) 'o vui cikpan. He works for me. 'aliga, a:cu 'upt 'a:gk hab 'eju: 'ab tvui? My child, why did you treat us that way (behave thus toward us)? B(<hab) 'o kaij 'ab 'a'ai 'evui ... They say to one another ... 'Evui eiok. They talked to each other (in one group). 'Evu'uvui eiok. They talk to each other (in several groups).

vui in N vui VExpr subst: to go to

ex: Nt o ki: vui. I'll go to my house. Nt o ciop vui. I'll go to church. Tako 'att mu'ij thaon vui. Yesterday many of us went to town. Hekid 'o (<vu) 'i si m'oidckam mapt 'am 'i Cuk-on vui? When was the last time that you went to Tucson?

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vui/ vuidkam vui in si'al-vui subst VComp (?): to die (to go east)
ex: Nt o si'al-vui. I'll die.

vuic see Vtr vuicud= to play kickball against vuic see Vreflex 'e-vuicud= to practice playing kickball vuic see Vreflex impers 'e-vuicud= to take place (about a kickball game) vuicud Vtr [Neutr: def vuic; hort and indef vuicud]: to play kickball against obj
ex: Nt o mvuic. I'll play kickball against you(sg).

vuicud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-vuic; hort and indef 'e-vuicud]: to practice playing
kickball ex: Nt o vuic. I'll practice playing kickball. Cum hekid 'a vuicud sisialmad. I practice playing kickball every morning.

vuicud Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-vuic; indef 'e-vuicud]: to take place (about a
kickball game) ex: T o 'o(<'e)vuic. There is going to be (hearsay) a kickball game. T hekid o 'i 'evuic? When is the kickball game going to take place? Hekid 'i 'i(<'e)vuicud? When is there (usually) a kickball game?

vuicuda N: kickball game

ex: Nap heba'i 'i ha eid g vuicuda? Have you ever seen a kickball game?

vuicudam 'e- N subst: kickball players competing against each other vuicudame Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see vuicudop) [Neutr: def vuicudam]: to go and
play kickball against obj

vuicudop Vtr pls (for sg see vuicudame) [Neutr: def and hort vuicudo]: to go and
play kickball against obj ex: T o ho(<ha)vuicudo. They are going to (hearsay) go and play kickball against them.

vuidag s- Stat: to be good at playing kickball

ex: Heg 'o svuidag. He is good at playing kickball.

vuidkam s- N subst aggreg: one good at playing kickball vuidkam vu s- Stat Expr: to be one good at playing kickball
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) svuidkam. He is a good kickball player. Hegam 'o (<vu) svuidkam. They are good kickball players.

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vuihom/ vuiko vuihom N [distr: vupuihom]: thunder, lightning

ex: S'e:bid 'a g vuihom. I am afraid of thunder.

vuihom-'u:dag NComp sg inalien or alien [sg (1st pers sg -vuihom-'u:dag[=ga]);

pl: vuihom-'u'udag]: name of certain rocks (which have the shape of arrowheads, 'u:, and are said to be found in places where lightning, vuihom, has struck)

vuij Adv: to, toward

vuij iokVExpr: to do the talking ex: Cum hekid 'a hi ab(<vab) a(<va) vuij iok. I always do all the talking.

vuij see Vdtr vuijid= to send obj in somebody's way, to throw obj to somebody vuij[i]d Vdtr sgo (for plo see ul[i]gid) [Neutr: def vuij; hort vuijid]: to send obj in
somebody's way; to throw obj to somebody ex: T 'am hab aha(<haha) havuij g ju:k. Then he sent them rain. Havuij g bihugig. He sent them starvation. M(<'am) g vuijid g bihugig! Send him starvation!

vuikam N subst sing [mult: vu:puikam]: one with an eye

ex: hemako vuikam= one eyed one cehedag vu:puikam= one with pale blue eyes scehedag vu:puikam= one with deep blue eyes 'u'am vu:puikam= one with light brown eyes s'u'am vu:puikam= one with golden (bright yellow) eyes cuck vu:puikam= one with dark eyes o'oovick vu:puikam= one with slanted eyes ci:nokaj vu:puikam= one with eyes like a Chinaman.

vuikam vu Stat Expr tr: to be for, suitable to, peculiar to, obj
ex: No 'id u vuikam? Is this for me? 'At u o havuikamk g ves hemajkam. It will be for all the people. Cioj 'o (<vu) vuikam. It is suitable (only) for a young man. Pi 'o (<vu) mvuikam. It is not suitable for you. Mu'i 'o'odham 'o (<vu) havuikam. It takes a lot of people to do it (it is suitable for many people). ... g hodai matp hab u si 'a:ga, matp heg u vuikam hega'i mat 'am hekaj o 'o(<'e)ohi g ginku... ... a stone which is a special one, whose function is to hit the gins sticks with

vuikam Stat tr: to be for obj

ex: Ge mu'i 'o'odham havuikam hega'i. It takes an unusual amount of people to do it.

vuikon (elis of *vuhikon) Vtr [Neutr: def vuiko]: to glance at obj once
ex: Nt ab (<vab) a(<va) vuiko. I glanced at him.

vuiko (elis of *vuhiko) Vtr [Neutr: indef vuiko. Dur: vuikoad]: to glance at obj
several times in a row ex: Pi g 'ab hu vuikoad! Don't be glancing at him continually!

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vuikko/ Vulda vuikko see Vtr vuikko= to make obj blink vuikko (elis of *vuhikko) Vtr [Neutr: def vuikko; indef and hort vuikko. Dur:
vuikkoa-d]: to make obj blink several times (by shining a light in their eyes) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vuikko hegam. I'll make them blink (once). Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) si vuikko. He is making me blink a lot. Pi g 'ab hu vuikkoad! Don't make me blink continually!

vuioka'i see Vtr vua= to put obj (somewhere) vuioka'i see VExpr vua g 'e-ogivul= to kick one's kicking ball vuipo (elis of *vuhipo) N inalien aggreg [distr: vu:puipo]: eyelash(es); eyebrow(s) vuic semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-vu:puic) [Neutr: def hort and indef 'evuic. Dur: 'e-vuici-d. Interr: 'e-vuic=ka-him]: to have one eye closed ex: G ab 'i 'i(<'e)vuicid! Just keep your eye closed!

vuip Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-vuiap) sgs (for pls see 'e-vu:puip) [Neutr:
def 'e-vui, hort 'e-vu:ip]: to close one eye (as when winking) ex: Vo 'i 'i(<'e)vui. You will close one eye. 'I 'i(<'e)vuip! Close one eye!

vuipi'ok (elis of *vuhipi'ok) Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-vu:puipi'ok) [Neutr:
def 'e-vuipi'o; hort 'e-vuipi'ok]: to open one eye (while keeping the other eye closed) ex: G 'i 'i(<'e)vuipi'ok! Open one eye!

vuipi'okc semi Stat reflex sing (for mult see 'e-vu:puipi'okc): to have one eye
open (while the other eye is closed)

vuiap Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-vuip) sgs [Neutr: indef 'e-vuiap. Dur: 'evuiapa-d]: to close and open one eye repeatedly (as when winking)

vul see Vdtr vul[i]d= to tie obj for somebody vul see Vreflex 'e-vul[i]d= to take place (ceremony in honor of the Enemy Killers) vul Stat sing [mult: vu:pul]: to be tied together in a bundle
ex: Sbibtag 'om(<'am) hek hu vul. The dirty clothes are already tied in a bundle. M(<'am) hek hu vu:pul. They are already tied in bundles.

Vulda N: victory celebration in honor of the Enemy Killers

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vuldaku/ vulp vuldaku N: place where people meet to celebrate in honor of the Enemy Killers (it is
the place where enemy scalps are tied up with eagle down, and then put in the Sacred Basket)

vul[i]d Vdtr Unit (for Repet see vuplid) sgo (for plo see vu:pulid) [Neutr: def vul;
hort vulid]: to tie obj for somebody ex: (<'a) g vulid! Tie it for me! 'Oi g vulid g na'iga! Go ahead, bale my hay for me! B(<'ab) g vulid g nu:k! Tie my shoe for me!

vul[i]d Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-vul]: to take place (about a ceremony in honor of
the Enemy Killers, ceremony during which enemy scalps are tied together with eagle down and put in the Sacred Basket) ex: T o 'o(<'e)vul. There is going to be (hearsay) a victory celebration.

vulim in a'i-vulim NComp indiv [pl: a'i-vu:p[u]lim]: bale of hay vulku N inalien indiv [pl: vupulku]: cradleboard (basketry cradleboard covered with
buckskin or willow bark)

vul see Vtr vulp= to tie up obj vulc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see vupulc) [Neutr: def, hort and indef vulc. Dur:
vulci-d. Interr: vulc=ka-him]: to have obj tied ex: Nap vulc g 'ekavyu? Do you have your horse tied (to something)? M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'i vulc hega'i noiga kuit'ab. I'll just have my horse (pet) tied to the tree.

vulc semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vupulc) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'e-vulc]:
to have a credit account, to run up a debt ex: Nap 'ab 'evulc? Do you(sg) have a credit account there? Heu'u, b(<'ab) 'a vulc. Yes, I have a credit account there.

vulp Vtr Unit (for Repet see vulap) sgo (for plo see vupulp-) [Neutr: def vul;
hort vulp; imper sgs vulpa-]: to tie obj (to something) ex: B(<'ab) g vulp g kavyu 'u:st'ab! Tie the horse to the tree! Pi g 'i hu vulp 'i:ya'a! Don't tie it here (to something)!

vulp- Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vupulp-) [Neutr: def 'e-vul]: to tie oneself (to
something) ex: Ban 'atk 'i(<'e)vul 'ab 'u:s-onjunt'aba'i. Coyote roped himself around the post.

vulp Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-vupulp) [Neutr: def 'e-vul; hort 'e-vulp; indef 'evulp]: to buy on credit, run up a bill (tie oneself to)

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vulp/ vupa
ex: Nt ab 'ep o vul. I will just buy on credit again. Pi 'i(<'a) hekid vulp. I never buy on credit. Cum 'a vulpahimc hemu aha(<haha) pi 'i hu vulp. I used to buy on credit but now I don't.

vulpa N: act of tying vulpa N inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -vulpa); pl: vupulpa]: something (a horse)
tied

vulpaag N inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vulpaag); pl: vupulpaag]: debt vulpid Vdtr sgo (for plo see vupulpid) [Neutr: def vulp; hort vulpid]: to tie obj
(to something) for somebody ex: G vulpid 'ab kuit'ab! Tie it for me to the tree!

vulpi'o see Vtr vulpi'ok= to untie obj (tied to something) vulpi'ok Vtr sgo (for plo see vupulpi'ok) [Neutr: def vulpi'o; hort vulpi'ok]: to
untie obj (tied to something)

vulp see Vdtr vulpid= to tie obj (to something) for somebody vulp Stat [pls: vupulp]: to be tied (to something)
ex: Vulp g kavyu 'ab kuit'ab. The horse is tied to the tree. Vupulp 'o g kakavyu 'ab kukuit'ab. The horses are tied to various trees.

vulap Vtr Repet (for Unit see vulp-) sgo (for plo see vupulap) [Neutr: indef
vulap]: to tie obj (to something) repeatedly ex: Vulap 'a g noiga. I tie my horse (to something) each time.

vupa Vtr sgo (for plo see vu:pa) [Neutr: indef vupa. Dur: vupaa-d]: to wake up obj
reiteratedly ex: 'Id 'o pi vahammig sisialmad, (<'a) ab vupa. He does not wake up in the morning, I have to (I just) wake him up. M(<'am) 'a cum vupa. I can't manage to wake him up (l repeatedly failed to wake him up).

vupa Vtr Repet (for Unit see vu) [Neutr: indef vupa]: to tie a rope around obj, to tie
obj with a rope, repeatedly ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid 'an hu vupa. I never put a rope around it/him.

vupa Vtr [Neutr: def and indef vupa]: to rope obj, throw a rope at obj
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vupa g vipsiloga. I will rope my wild calves.

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vupaj[i]d/ vupulc vupaj[i]d Vdtr Repet (for Unit see vuaj[i]d): to rope obj for somebody repeatedly
ex: 'A mvupajid hega'i mvisiloga. I am the one who ropes your calf for you.

vupa[i]mcud s-Vtr impers [Neutr: def s-vupaimc]: to make obj feel like roping smth
ex: Svupaimc ['at]. I feel like roping it.

vupiosig N: eye disease, eye sickness

ex: Vupiosig 'a 'ab him. The eye sickness is coming (hearsay) this way.

vuplid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see vul[i]d) sgo: to tie obj for somebody repeatedly
ex: vuplid 'o g na'iga. He is the one who bales my hay for me.

vupli'ok Vtr Repet (for Unit see vu'lok) sgo: to untie obj
ex: Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'ap vupli'ok. I can never manage to untie it (I do not untie it well).

vuplo see N vu:lo= donkey vuplo see N vu:lo= bench vuploga see Stat vu:loga= to have a donkey vupsot Vtr plo (for sgo see vusot) [Neutr: def vupso; hort vupsot]: to blow on obj vupsotaku see N vusotaku= harmonica vupuihom see N vuihom= thunder vupuist Vtr impers [Neutr: def vupuist. Interr: vupuista-him]: to make obj get an eye
disease (same as vu:pio) ex: Vupuist 'atk. He caught an eye disease. vupuist 'atk. I caught an eye disease. Havupuist 'atk. They caught an eye disease.

vupuistaku (dial: vupiostaku) N aggreg: a flower (red bugles; also called hevel'e'es)

vupulku see N vulku= cradleboard vupulc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see vulc) [Neutr: def, indef and hort vupulc. Dur:
vupulci-d]: to have obj tied ex: N(<'an) g ab 'i havupulcid! Keep them tied (to something)!

vupulc semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vulc) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'evupulc]: to have a credit account, to run up a debt ex: Nam 'ab 'evupulc? Do you(pl) have a credit account there?

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vupulp-/ vusot vupulp- Vtr Unit (for Repet see vupulap) plo (for sgo see vulp-) [Neutr: def
vupul; hort vupulp]: to tie obj (to something) ex: 'I 'ant o ho(<ha)vupul. I'll tie them right here (to something).

vupulp- Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vulp-) [Neutr: def 'e-vupul]: to tie oneselves (to
something)

vupulp Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vulp) [Neutr: def 'e-vupul; indef 'e-vupulp]: to
buy on credit, run up a bill ex: Mt ab o 'o(<'e)vupul. Just buy on credit (you pl).

vupulpa see N vulpa= something tied to vupulpaag see N vulpaag= debt vupulpid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vulpid) [Neutr: def vupulp; hort vupulpid]: to tie
obj (to something) for somebody

vupulpi'ok Vtr plo (for sgo see vulpi'ok) [Neutr: def vupulpi'o; hort vupulpi'ok]:
to untie obj (tied to something) ex: Nt o ho(<ha)vupulpi'o. I will untie them.

vupulp see Stat vulp= to be tied to vupulap Vtr Repet (for Unit see vupulp-) plo (for sgo see vulap) [Neutr: indef
vupulap]: to tie obj (to something) repeatedly ex: 'I 'a havupulap g nooiga. I usually tie up my horses here.

vusckva Vtr Unit [Neutr: def and hort vusckva]: to blow obj off
ex: Pt o vusckva. You(sg) will blow it off. Si vusckva g jevu 'an mi:sa da:m! Blow the dust off the table!

vuscul see Vtr vuscul[i]g= to blow obj away vuscul[i]g Vtr [Neutr: def vuscul; hort and indef vusculig]: to blow obj away
ex: Nt o vuscul g jevu. I'll blow the dust away. Gam g hu 'i vusculig! Blow it away! 'Ab hu ab vusculig g mu:. She just blows the beans away (instead of just the leaves and dirt which are with the beans).

vuso see Vtr vusot= to blow on obj vusot Vtr sgo (for plo see vupsot) [Neutr: def vuso; hort vusot. Correl: vusot-k;
immed: vusot-ka-'i. Dur: vusota-d]: to blow on obj

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vusot/ vu'lok
ex: Nt o vuso g kanjul k o cui. I'll blow out the candle (I'll blow on the candle and will put it out). 'Ant o a(<va) 'i vuso. I'll blow on it (a fire which does not burn well). 'I vusot! Blow on it! B(<'ab) g si vusot g kanjul k cu:! Blow hard on the candle and put it out! B(<vab) o 'i vusotad! Keep on blowing on it! ha vusot VExpr tr [Neutr: def ha vuso; hort ha vusot]: to perform ceremonial breathing on obj (to blow some on obj) ex: Nt o ho(<ha) vuso. I'll purify him. 'Oi g ha vusot! Do purify him!

vusotaku N inalien indiv [pl: vupsotaku]: harmonica vusotame in ha vusotame VExpr tr Unit [Neutr: def ha vusotam]: to go and
perform ceremonial breathing on obj (to go and breathe some on obj) ex: Nt o ho(<ha) vusotam. I'll go and perform ceremonial breathing on him.

vusta Vtr [Neutr: def and hort vusta]: to blow little puffs hard and fast on obj (same
as vustan) ex: N(<'an) g 'i vusta! Blow little puffs on it hard and fast! Nt o 'i vusta. I'll blow little puffs on it hard and fast.

vustan Vtr [Neutr: def hort and indef vustan]: to blow little puffs hard and fast on obj
(same as vusta) ex: N(<'an) g 'i vustan! Blow little puffs on it! Nt o 'i vustan. I'll blow little puffs on it. Si tvustan. He is blowing hard little puffs on us.

vuke Vintr sgs [Neutr: indef vuke; concurs vuke-c. Dur: vuke-d; concurs vuke-d-c]:
to come out/ get out several times in a row ex: ... 'an vapkec 'an 'i 'ep vuke. ... he goes in and goes out again (reiteratedly). ... 'am 'i vukec ga hu 'i kekivupc 'am eid. ... he keeps getting out (of the water), standing there, (on the bank), and taking a look. M(<'am) g ab 'i vukedc 'ab 'ep o 'i vapked! Keep on getting out and in! ... 'am vukedc ha'as hu a(<va) 'i cevelhimk hega'i matp 'am vu:. ... as it kept coming out of the ground it got taller and taller, that which had come out there.

vuad Vtr Repet (for Unit see vu:[a]d) sgo (for plo see vuhhasid) [Neutr: indef
vuad. Dur: vuada-d. Interr: vuada-him]: to take obj out repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i vuad? Where do you take him out? Gm 'o hu si 'i vuad. They are asking me to get out. Nt o 'i vuadad. I'll keep on taking him out.

vu'lo see Vtr vu'lok= to untie obj vu'lok (eli and met of *vuli'ok) Vtr Unit (for Repet see vupli'ok) sgo (for plo see vu:p[u]li'ok) [Neutr: def vu'lo; hort vu'lok; imper sgs vu'loka-]: to untie obj
ex: Vu'loka! Let him go (untie him)! Nt o vu'lo. I'll untie him.

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vu'lokid/ vu:pa vu'lokid (elis and met of *vuli'okid) Vdtr Unit sgo (for plo see vu:p[u]li'okid)
[Neutr: def vu'lok; hort vu'lokid]: to untie obj for somebody ex: M(<'am) g vu'lokid g nu:k! Untie my shoe for me!

vu'uvui see postp vui= to, toward, facing, obj

vu:vu: see Vtr vu= to tie obj with a rope; to tie obj together in a bundle; to bandage obj vu: see Vtr vu= to tie obj with a rope; to tie obj together in a bundle; to bandage obj vu:lo/ vu:lu (Span: burro) N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vu:lo=ga); pl: vuplo]: donkey
keli vu:lo NExpr: male donkey ex: keli vu:loga= my male donkey 'oks vu:lo NExpr: female donkey ex: 'oks vu:loga= my female donkey

vu:lo/vu:lu N inalien indiv [pl: vuplo]: bench vu:loga Stat sing [mult: vuploga]: to have a donkey
ex: Nap hema vu:loga? Do you(sg) have a donkey?

vu:lo-ki'ivina NComp mass: oatmeal, mush vu:lo-ma NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg -vu:lo-ma=ga); pl: vuplo-ma:ma]:
young donkey

vu:pa see Vtr vu:pan= to wake up obj vu:pa Vtr Repet (for Unit see vua) sgo (for plo see uhullig): to put obj somewhere
repeatedly ex: Jujkam 'o cum hekid 'am vu:pa g 'on 'am 'esilv:saga 'e. Mexicans always put salt in their beer. ... hema 'ab vu:pa g si:nko. ... someone keeps putting a nickel in (the slot machine). hebhu/heb hu vu:pa VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see hebhu/heb hu vua) sgo: to lose obj repeatedly ex: Pi 'i(<'a) hekid ha'icu hebhu vu:pa. I never lose anything. 'i vu:pa VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see 'i vua): to throw obj down repeatedly ex: 'I:da'a kavyu 'o cum hekid 'i vu:pa. This horse throws me all the time.

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vu:pa/ vu:p[u]ac vu:pa V Distr (for Unit see vua) [Neutr: indef vu:pa. Dur: vu:pa-d]: to make a basket
while playing basketball (put the ball in the basket) ex: B(<'ab) g o hema vu:pad! One after the other practice making a basket!

vu:pa in 'am ha'ap 'e-vu:pa VExpr reflex Repet (for Unit see 'am ha'ap 'e-vua):
to project one's thoughts into the past repeatedly ex: Nap heba'i 'am ha'ap 'i 'i(<'e)vu:pac 'am 'i 'i(<'e)'oidahim? Do you ever think about the past (as you are around)?

vu:padma s-V subst tr Repet sgo (for plo see s-ulligadma): to appear to throw obj
somewhere repeatedly

vu:pan Vtr plo (for sgo see vuhan) [Neutr: def vu:pa; hort vu:pan]: to wake up obj
ex: Pt o ho(<ha) vu:pa! You(sg) wake them up! Havu:pana! Wake them up! B(<'ab) g 'i havu:pan! Wake them up and make them come here)!

vu:pa Vtr plo (for sgo see vupa) [Neutr: indef vu:pa]: to wake up obj reiteratedly
ex: Tvu:pa 'o sisialmad. He wakes us up every morning.

vu:pio see postp vuhio= on the face obj vu:pio Vtr impers [Neutr: def vu:ipo. Interr: vu:pio-him]: to get an eye disease (same as
vupuist) ex: vu:pio 'otk(<'atk). I caught an eye disease.

vu:pioa see N vuhioa= face vu:pioa see N vuhioa= mask vu:p[u] Vtr plo and mult (for sgo and sing see vu) [Neutr: def vu:p; hort and indef
vu:pu; imper sgs vu:pa-]: to put a rope around obj, tie obj with a rope; to tie obj together into several bundles ex: Nt o vu:p g a'i. I will tie several bales of hay (together). N(<'an) g havu:pu! Put a rope around each one of them! Pi 'i(<'a) 'an hu havu:pu. I never put a rope around either of them. Vu:puk o ho(<ha)vupul. Put a rope around each one of them and tie them (to something)!

vu:p[u]a see N vua= act of roping, tying; bundle vu:pua see Stat Expr vu vua= to be a bundle vu:p[u]ac semi Stat tr mult (for sing see vuac): to have obj tied into several
bundles ex: N(<'an) g ab 'i havu:puacid! Keep them tied!

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vu:p[u]ajid/ vu:puipo vu:p[u]ajid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vuajid) [Neutr: def vu:p[u]aj; indef and hort
vu:p[u]ajid]: to rope obj for somebody ex: N(<'an) g ab(<vab) 'i havu:puajid! Just rope them for me!

vu:puaku see N vuaku= something to tie with vu:pudam N subst: somebody/ something that keeps making bundles (such as a
baling machine)

vu:pudam vu Stat Expr: to be somebody/ something that keeps making bundles

(such as a baling machine) ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vu:pudam g a'i. He is the one who ties bales of hay/That is a baling machine.

vu:pui N alien [1st pers sg -vu:pui=ga]: a pair of glasses (also called eeidakuvu:pui) eeidaku-vu:pui NComp alien [1st pers sg -eeidaku-vu:pui=ga]: a pair of glasses (also called vu:pui) cu:vi-vu:pui NComp aggreg: a plant, calabaz gourds (rabbit's eyes)

vu:pui see N vuhi= eye vu:pui see Stat vuhi= to have an eye, a knot, a ring vu:pui s- Stat: to have eyes, knots, rings
ex: Ge svu:pui g huk. The board has an unusual amount of knots.

vu:pui-cuckujidaku NComp inalien [1st pers sg -vu:pui-cuckujidaku; 3rd pers sg

vu:pui-cuckujidakua-j]: eye make-up (instrument to blacken eyes)

vu:puikam see N vuikam= eyed, one with an eye vu:puinova Vtr Unit (for Repet see vu:puinovup) pls (for sgs see vuhinova): to
winnow obj

vu:puinovup Vtr Repet (for Unit see vu:puinova) pls (for sgs see vuhinovup): to
winnow obj repeatedly

vu:puipo see N vuipo= eyelash(es); eyebrow(s)

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vu:puic/ vu: vu:puic semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-vuic) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'evu:puic. Dur: 'e-vu:puici-d]: to have both eyes closed ex: B(<vab) o 'i 'i(<'e)vu:puicid. Just keep your eyes closed (you sg).

vu:puip Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-vuip) [Neutr: def 'e-vu:pui; hort 'e-vu:puip]: to
close one eye (as when winking) ex: Vo 'i 'i(<'e)vu:pui. Each one of you will close one eye. G o 'i 'i(<'e)vuip! Each one of you, close one eye!

vu:puipi'ok Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e-vuipi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-vu:puipi'o; hort
'e-vu:puipi'ok]: to open both eyes ex: G 'i 'i(>'e)vu:puipi'ok! Open both eyes!

vu:puipi'okc semi Stat reflex mult (for sing see 'e-vuipi'okc): to have both eyes
open

vu:pul see Vdtr vul[i]d= to tie obj for somebody vu:pul see Stat vul= to be tied together in a bundle vu:pulid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vul[i]d) [Neutr: def vu:pul; indef and hort vu:pulid]: to
tie obj for somebody ex: B(<'ab) g vu:pulid g nu:k! Tie my shoes for me!

vu:p[u]lim in kuko-vu:p[u]lim NComp aggreg: a flower, larkspur (one having the

back of the head tied up, also called cucul-'i'ispul)

vu:p[u]li'ok Vtr plo (for sgo see vu'lok) [Neutr: def vu:p[u]li'o; hort and indef
vu:p[i]li'ok: to untie obj ex: Vu:puli'oka g 'eu:k! Untie your shoes! Nt o ho(<ha)vu:puli'o g nu:k. I will untie my shoes. Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'ap vu:puli'ok. I cannot manage to untie them (I do not untie them well).

vu:p[u]li'okid Vdtr plo (for sgo see vu'lokid) (Neutr: def vu:p[u]li'ok; hort
vu:p[u]li'okid]: to untie obj for somebody ex: M(<'am) g vu:puli'okid g nu:k! Untie my shoes for me!

vu: see Vintr vu:[a]= to come out, get out; to be born vu: see Vintr vu:a= to emerge from the ground vu: see Vintr impers vu:a= to occur to

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vu:[a]d/ vu:a vu:[a]d Vtr Unit (for Repet see vuad) sgo (for plo see vuhasid) [Neutr: def and
hort vu:ad. Correl: vu:ad-k; immed: vu:ad-ka-'i. Compl: vu:ad-ok; immed: vu:adoka-'i]: to take obj out; to give birth to obj ex: ... 'i aha(<haha) vo 'i vu:ad g cu:kug. ... then take out the meat (which is here). Nt o 'i vu:ad g matai. I'll take out the ashes. Nt o 'i ha vu:ad g 'i:n. I'll take out some of the soot. 'Atk bei g vatop k 'an 'i vu:ad. He caught a fish and took it out (of the water). 'I vu:ad! Take it out! ... 'am aha(<haha) 'i vu:adk 'im hab kei jegk 'ea. ... then he took it (the horse) out (of the corral) and made it stand outside. 'Am 'i vu:ad g 'ali. She gave birth to the child.

vu:adma s- V subst tr sgo (for plo see s-vuhasidma): to appear to have taken obj
out

vu:[a] Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see vuhak) [Neutr: def vu:; hort vu:a; imper vu:i. Correl: vu:a-k; immed: vu:a-ka-'i. Compl: vu:ai-ok; immed: vu:ai-oka-'i. Interr: vu:[i]-him]: to rise, to come out; to get out; to be born ex: Mat 'an o da:kahimk o skekivuimk vo 'i vu:. When one has been sitting and wants to stand up, he rises. Nt o 'i vu: k o ho(<ha) je:j 'am jegk 'ea. After I get out I'll have a smoke (smoke some) outside. Hemu 'unt(<'ant) 'i vu: 'ab kokdam haki: 'amje. I just got out of the hospital. Tp 'am aha(<haha) vu: g 'oksgaj k hab kaij ... Then his wife came out and said ... ia tp 'an heba'i vu: hega'i ku:bs. Well, the smoke somehow escaped (got through somewhere). 'Ab 'i vu: g 'ali. The child was born. Vu:i! Come out! M(<'am) g hu kia 'i vu:a! Get out for a while! Pi g 'am 'i vu:a! Don't get out! M(<'am) g vu:ak 'am eid! Get out and take a look! 'Atp 'ab 'i vu:ak skeg has kaij. She came out and made a pretty sound.

vu:[a] Vintr [Neutr: def vu:; indef vu:a. Interr: vu:-him]: to emerge from the
ground, to rise ex: Kutp 'am ha'icu o vu: kut u o a(<va) 'ep ha'icu skeg 'em'egak 'ep. Something might grow there that will also be something good for you(pl) to have. ..'idda:m 'am aha(<haha) va 'ep hanato ves ha'icu doakam c ves ha'icu mo vu:a. .. on it (the Earth) then he also made all the living things and all the growing things. Vu:him 'o. It is about to come out (of the ground). .. 'ab 'o g haku:bdag 'ab vu:him t'oidc. ..their dust is beginning to rise behind us.

vu:a in hab masma 'i vu:a m- VExpr intr impers: to occur to one that
ex: Hab masma 'am 'i vu: mantp hems o ei g ma:kai. It occurred to me that maybe I should see a doctor. ia k hab masma 'am 'i vu: matp hems heg 'an hu 'ik 'an hu heba'i has 'i cu'ig. Well, and it occurred to him that maybe it was her who was somewhere up there. 'Am heba'i 'am aha(<haha) 'i vu: hab masma mat 'am a(<va) has masma 'am hab o 'o(<'e)ju:, tp hems 'am o a(<va) s'ap hab 'eju:. One day (somewhere) it occurred to him that he might do something (act in a certain way), that maybe he might be successful.

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vu:a/ Vu:imvu:a in vu:a 'ab hema/ha'icu 'amje VExpr impers: to stem from, to be
caused by, someone/something ex: Ves ha'icu 'o 'ob(<'ab) vu:a 'ab 'amje 'i:da'a 'i'idag. Everything is caused by this drinking.

vu:ak in ha'icu vu:ak NExpr: growing season, emerging season for noncultivated plants ex: ha'icu vu:ak 'e= during the growing season ha:a vu:ak NExpr: growing season of the saguaro cactus ex: ha:a vu:ak 'e= during the growing season of the saguaro cactus

vu:ak in vu ha'icu vu:ak Stat Expr: to be the growing season, the emerging
season for non-cultivated plants ex: Koi (<vu) hi ha'icu vu:ak. It is not quite the growing season yet (I think). ha:a vu:ak vu Stat Expr: to be the growing season of the saguaro cactus ex: Koi (<vu) ha:a vu:ak. It is not the growing season of the saguaro cactus yet.

vu:aku in ku:bs-vu:aku NComp: smoke hole, stovepipe (instrument for the

smoke to get out)

vu:dag in ha'icu vu:dag NExpr: sprouts, shoots

ha:a-vu:dag NComp: sprouts of saguaro cactus (where the flowers and fruit are located)

vu:dag in vu ha'icu vu:dag Stat Expr: to be sprouts, shoots

ex: Koi (<vu) hi ha'icu vu:dag. They are not quite shoots yet (I think).

vu:daj N inalien: sprouts, shoots of a specified nature (its sprouts, shoots) vu:dam s- V subst tr sgo (for plo see s-vuhasidam): to feel like taking obj out
ex: Cum 'a hi a(<va) 'i svu:dam. I was planning on taking it out (but I have not done it).

Vu:kam N subst aggreg: the Emergents (same as Vu:im-'O'odham) vu:im N subst: one(s) coming out of the ground, emerging
hejel-vu:im NComp aggreg [loc: hejel-vu:im-c-'e]: wild vegetation

Vu:im-'O'odham NComp aggreg: the Emergents (same as Vu:kam)

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ya:viag/ 'abamdag yya:viag Stat: to be locked

ex: Ya:viag 'o. It's locked.

ya:v (Span: llave) N indiv alien [sg (lst pers sg -ya:vi=ga); pl/distr: yayav]: key,
bunch of keys

ya:v-cekcim NComp: keeper of a key ya:v-to'akcim NComp: keeper of a bunch of keys ye:vo N: yoke

'a'ab Postp [1st pers sg -'ab; 1st pers pl t-'ab]: on obj 'ab Stat tr impers [Neutr: indef 'ab; def 'ab=k. Interr: 'ab=ka-him. Dur: 'ab=ka-d]: to be
up to obj ex: B(<'ab) 'o 'ab/ 'A:i 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'ab. It is up to me. 'Ab 'o t'ab. It is up to us. B(<'ab) 'o hejel m'ab. It is entirely up to you(sg). Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'ab. It is up to him (that one). Hegam 'o 'ob(<'ab) ha'ab. It is up to them. B(<'ab) 'at o m'abk. It will be up to you(sg). Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) cum 'abkahim. It used to be up to him. Hegam 'o 'ob(<'ab) cum ha'abkahim. It used to be up to them.

'abam s- Vtr impers [Neutr: [def s-'abam. Interr: s-'abama-him. Dur: s-'abama-d]: to
bring luck to obj ex: S'abam ['at]. I am lucky. Pi 'it(<'at) 'abam. I am unlucky. Vo st'abam, tt o dada. If we get lucky, we'll get home. Tp(<kutp) hems pi vo t'abam. Maybe we will not get lucky. Matp hekid o s'abam, nt 'am hab o a(<va) ju:. Whenever I'll get a chance, I'll do it. Hek hu 'o cum s'abamahimc hemu haha pi 'abamk. Formerly I used to get luck, but now I am unlucky. M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i s'abamad, nt o ho(<ha)ge:g. If I keep getting lucky, I'll win over them.

'abamdag N inalien [3rd pers sg 'abamda-j]: luck

ex: 'A e:na matp heba'i g 'abamdag hab o 'o(<'e)ju:. I am waiting for luck to turn up sometime.

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'abamk/'abkam 'abamk s- Stat tr impers Unit (for Repet see s-'abammuk) [Neutr: def and indef
s-'abam=k. Interr: s-'abam=ka-him. Dur: 's-abam=ka-d]: to be lucky ex: Pi hekid a 'i 'abamk. I am never lucky. Hek hu 'o cum s'abamk. Formerly I was lucky. M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i s'abamk, nt o ho(<ha)ge:g. If I am lucky, I'll win over them. M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i s'abamkad, nt o ho(<ha)ge:g. If I keep on being lucky, I'll win over them. Cum 'o s'abamkahim. I used to be lucky.

'abammuk s-Stat tr impers Repet (for Unit see s-'abamk): to be lucky repeatedly 'aba'i Stat intr [Neutr: indef 'aba'i; def 'aba'i=k. Interr: 'aba'i=ka-him. Dur: 'aba'i=ka-d]:
to be up there ex: 'Aba'i 'o. He is up there. 'At 'ab o 'aba'ik. He will be up there. 'Aba'ikahim 'o. He used to be up there.

'aba'ic/ 'aba'ikc semi Stat [Neutr: def and indef 'aba'ic/'aba'ikc. Interr: 'aba'ic=ka-him.
Dur: 'aba'ici-d]: to stay up there ex: 'Am hab 'i 'i(<'e)'a: matp 'ab o 'aba'ikc/'aba'ic. He decided that he might stay up there. 'At 'ab o 'aba'icid. He is going to be staying up there. 'Aba'ickahim 'o. He used to be staying up there.

'abc see Vdtr 'abcud= to blame obj for something 'abcud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'abc; indef and hort 'abcud]: to blame obj for something, to
accuse obj of something ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o m'abc. I'll blame you for it. Kupt 'ab hu ha'icu o 'i 'abc! Blame him for something! B(<'ab) 'o 'abcud. He is blaming it on me. Pi g 'ab hu 'abcud! Don't blame me for it!

'abcud in hejel 'e-'abcud VExpr reflex tr [Neutr: def 'abc; indef and hort 'abcud]: to
blame oneself for obj ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o hejel 'abc. I will blame myself for it.

'abcud in 'a'ai 'e-'abcud VExpr reflex tr: to blame each other for obj
ex: 'Ab o 'a'ai 'e'abc. They will blame each other for it. 'E'a'algakaj 'ab o 'a'ai 'e'abc. They will blame each other's children for it.

'abhahog in s-'abhaog 'elid VExpr: to be jealous 'abkam NSubst inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'abkama-j); pl: 'a'abkam]: relative 'abkam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: 'a'abkam]: to be a relative
ex: 'O (<vu) hegam ha'abkam. He is their relative.

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'abkam/'agvancud 'abkam in si 'abkam subst NExpr [pl: si 'a'abkam]: close relative 'abkam in vu si 'abkam Stat Expr: to be a close relative
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) si 'abkam. He is a close relative of mine. Hegam 'o (<vu) si 'a'abkam. They are close relatives of mine. Heg 'o (<vu) si 'abkamaj. He is a relative of his.

'aavig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'a'aavig): to be full of buffalo-gourds,
coyote-melons (the plant) in a single location ex: S'aavig 'o. It is full of buffalo-gourds/ coyote-melons.

'aav N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'aavi=ga-j); pl: 'a'aav]: buffalo-gourd, coyotemelon (Cucurbita foetidissima)

'agckva Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see 'a'agckva): to gore obj
ex: Vat o m'agckva. He is going to gore you(sg). T o 'om(<'em)'agckva. He is going to gore you(pl).

'agka N sg indiv [pl: 'a'agka]: a big light grey lizard 'agpaag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'a'agpaag]: to be sloping down
ex: S'agpaag g jevu. The ground is sloping.

'agva Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-'a'agva) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'e-'agva.
Correl: 'e-'agva-k; immed: 'e-'agva-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-'agva-yok; immed: 'e-'agva-yoka-'i]: to avenge oneself ex: Nt o a 'agva. I will avenge myself. Pi g 'am 'e'agva! Don't avenge yourself! Nt o she:kigk 'am 'agvayoka'i. I'll be happy after I have avenged myself.

'agva in 'e-'agva 'am hema veheji VExpr reflex: to avenge oneself on someone
ex: Nt o a(<va) mveheji 'agva. I will avenge myself on you(sg). Vant o 'agva 'am veheji hega'i. I will avenge myself on him.

'agva in 'e-'agva 'ab hema vui VExpr reflex: to get even with obj
ex: Nt o a(<va) 'agva 'ab 'o:g vui. I will get even with my father.

'agvanc see Vtr 'agvancud= to take revenge on obj 'agvancud Vtr [Neutr: def 'agvanc; hort 'agvancud]: to take revenge on obj (same as 'e'agva 'am hema veheji)

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'agvancud/'ahid
ex: Nt o a(<va) m'agvanc. I will take revenge on you(sg) Nt o a(<va) 'em'agvanc. I will take revenge on you(pl). Tt o a(<va) 'am(<'em)'agvanc. We will take revenge on you(pl). M(<'am) g 'agvancud! Take revenge on me!

'a[h]i- Vtr [Neutr: 'ai; hort 'a:-'i; imper sgs 'ahi-, pls 'ahi-vo. Correl: 'a:-k; immed: 'a:ka-'i. Compl: 'ahi-ok; immed: 'ahi-oka-'i. Interr: 'ai-him]: to reach obj, to get to be even/ catch up with obj ex: Nt o m'ai. I'll catch up with you(sg). M(<'am) 'ant hu 'i 'ai hega'i. I caught up with him down there. 'Ai 'at. They are running even (he reached him). M'ai 'ant. I am running even with you(sg) (I caught up with you). ... 'am himk 'an 'ai hega'i e:big. having gone down there he reached the monster (which was lying down) . ... c 'ab heba'i cum a 'ai g na:nko ta:hadkam. ... and somewhere tiredness almost overtook him. Vakuvidag 'at 'ai. I got diarrhea (diarrhea reached me). M'aihim 'a. I am catching up with you(sg). --Ttp hu 'i 'aihim 'ama'i. We may be almost there. Ga hu ha'aihim matp 'am huhug g ha'icu ma:cigaj. He was about to reach them up there when his power vanished. 'Ahioka'i! Reach him/it first! Pt o mua 'a:ka'i! Kill him/it after reaching him/it!

'a[h]i- Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-'ai. Interr: 'e-'ai-him]: to get to be a certain point in
time ex: Va kutp 'e'ai mo 'ea nonhat g 'u'uvhig? Could it be the time when birds hatch? ma:sig 'at 'e'ai 'id 'i takaj. Today is my birthday. T 'e'ai ma 'ida hahehemapad g hemajkam. It is the time when I gather the people. Kut g ta 'e'ai mat o ma:s g 'ali. The day came for the child to be born. ia, t 'am o 'i 'i(<'e)'ai gi'ik, t 'am 'ep gei 'ep. Well, for the fourth time, she dived again. 'Idhekaj o 'o(<'e)'ai gi'ik mant 'am 'ep o gei. This will make the fourth time that I will dive again. T hekid 'ab o 'i 'e'ai ... When it gets to be a year from now ... ia, t 'am himk 'am 'i 'i(<'e)'aihim mat o ma:s g 'ali. Well, after some time, it is getting close to when the baby will be born.

'a[h]i- Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'ai]: to reach a certain state (fermenting cactus wine)
ex: Skeg 'e'ai. It has reached perfection.-- 'E-'et(<'at)-'e'ai g navait. The wine is ready.

'ahid/'a'ahid in numeral + 'ahid/'a'ahid Adv Expr: for so many years

ex: Hetasp 'ahid/ 'a'ahid 'a 'i a(<va) 'i 'oimme. I have been here five years. P he'ekia 'i 'ahid 'i a(<va) 'i 'oimme? How many years have you been here? gi'ik 'ahid 'i 'i 'amje= four years from now

'ahid/'ahidag in 'id 'ahid/'ahidag 'ab Adv Expr: this year

ex: Ka:u 'unt(<'ant) 'ei 'id 'ahidag 'ab. I planted sorghum this year.

'ahid/'ahidag in numeral + 'ahid/'ahidag 'ab Adv Expr: during so many years

ex: 'Am 'a ki:kahim hetasp 'ahid[ag] 'ab. I lived there for five years.

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'ahidag/'ai 'ahidag N inalien sg [pl: 'a'ahidag]: year

ex: B(<'ab) o 'i 'i(<'e)'a'ahead g 'ahidag kunt o babbed. Every year (as the year will recur), I will be ripening. Vecij-'Ahidag NComp [loc: Vecij-'Ahidag-c-'e]: New Year

'ahidag in vu numeral + 'ahidag / 'a'ahidag Stat Expr: to be so many years old

(same as vu...'ahidkam) ex: P he'ekia vu 'i 'ahidag/'a'ahidag? How old are you? --D(<vu) 'o gi'ik 'ahidag. He is four years old.

'ahidag in vu 'i numeral + 'ahidag / 'a'ahidag Stat Expr impers: to be so many

years (from now) ex: 'Ab 'a ki:kahim mo 'ida u a(<va) 'i hetasp 'ahidag. I used to live up there five years ago. Pi 'it(<'at) 'am hu 'i vu o 'a'ahidagk. It will not be many years (from now).

'ahidkam N subst: of the year, born within the year

'ahidkam-to:lo NComp(?): a yearling bull

'ahidkam in numeral + 'ahidkam NExpr(?): one so many years old

ex: go:k 'ahidkam= a two year old one

'ahidkam in vu numeral + 'ahidkam/'a'ahidkam Stat Expr: to be one so many

years old (same as vu numeral + 'ahidag) ex: Heg 'o (<vu) go:k 'ahidkam. He is a two year old. Hegam 'o (<vu) go:k 'ahidkam. They are two year olds. P he'ekia vu 'i 'ahidkam/'a'ahidkam? How old are you(sg)?

'ahijid Vintr [Neutr: def. 'ahij; hort 'ahijid]: to round out a number, make up the
difference ex: 'Ant 'am o 'i 'ahij. I will round out the number. 'A:cimkaj 'att 'am o 'i 'ahij. We will round out the number with ourselves.

'ahijid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'ahij]: to lose, to be beaten

ex: 'ahij 'ant. I lost.

'ahijidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'ahijidac; hort 'ahijidacud]: to make someone / something
escape from obj ex: Vo ho(<ha)'ahijidac g tooiga 'ama'i. We will make our pets escape from them down there. M(<'am) g ha'ahijidacud! Make him/it/them escape from them!

'ahlain see N 'alhain= threshing floor 'ai see Vtr 'a[h]i-= to reach obj

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'aigo/'ajcu 'aigo Adv sg [pl: 'a'aigo]: over, on the opposite side

ex: M(<'am) g 'aigo 'i vo:d! Turn it over! M(<'am) g 'a'aigo 'i hatoa'i! Turn them over!

'aigo Adv: instead, contrary to one's expectation

ex: B(<vab) 'aigo sko'okam 'amtp ju: g Ban. Exactly contrary to his expectation, Coyote got hurt. T o a ve:pegk uligk 'aigo mmua. If he throws (the gins sticks) first instead (of you killing him) he is the one who will kill you.

'aigo Postp [distr: 'a'aigo]: on the other side of obj (same as 'aigoji)
ex: 'Im hab m'aigo 'o ve:c. It is lying on the other side of you(sg). Gn hu 'aigo g ka:ya 'apt o hema ce: g ki:. On the other side of the street you will find a house (an apartment). ... c ga hu 'aigo hab 'oiyopo m(<mo) 'an hema 'ep ke:k g do'ag. ... and (we) stay up on the other side of where there is (stands) another mountain. ia, k 'ab haha bei g 'ega:t, 'eha:po 'in 'aigo 'ab bek ... Well, and then he took his bow (in one hand), and having taken his arrows in his other hand (on the other side) ... Gami hu hugk 'am 'e'a:gid 'Akimelt'am c 'aigo 'im hu ha'ap. They had been notified all over Pima Land and on the other side (of the speaker's point of reference) Gn hu 'a'aigo him. He is walking on the other side of it.

'aigoji Postp [distr: 'a'aigoji]: on the other side of obj (same as 'aigo)
ex: 'Im hab m'aigoji 'o ve:c. It is (lying) on the other side of you(sg). 'Im hab 'em'aigoji 'o ve:c. It is (lying) on the other side of you(pl). Gn hu 'aigoji g ka:ya . On the other side of the street. Gm hu 'aigoji Ju:kam-Jevuc'e. On the other side of the Mexican border (down there on the other side of it in Mexican land). 'In hab 'aigoji ke:k m(<mo) 'an g vainom-vo:g ka:c. It is (stands) on the other side of where the railroad is (lies). Gn hu 'a'aigoji him. He is walking on the other side (of it).

'aihim see Vtr 'a[h]i-= to reach obj 'ais (elis of *'ahis) Stat reflex impers: to be a certain point in time
ex: 'O 'o(<'e)'ais mant o hi:. It is time for me to go. Nt o hi: mat o 'o(<'e)'aisk. I'll go when it is time.

'ais in hemakaj 'e-'ais Stat Expr: to round out the number (with obj)
ex: 'A:ikaj o 'om(<'am) 'e'aisk. I will round out the number (it will be reached by me).

'aj Adj sg [pl: 'a'aj]: long and narrow, thin

ex: 'al 'aj huk= a (rather) narrow board 'Al 'aj u 'uv. She is a (rather) thin woman.

'ajcu (dial: 'ajcu'u) N subst sg [pl: 'a'ajcu]: thin one

ex: Hei(<hea'i) u hega'i 'ajcu? Who is that thin one?

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'Aji/'aj'Aji N subst: old name of Santa Rosa 'Aji in Ge 'Aji subst NExpr(?): name of a village (between Santa Rosa and 'A:ngam
where the Vi:gida ceremony used to be performed)

'ajida (assim of *'ajija) Vintr sgs (for pls see 'a'ajid) [Neutr: def 'ajida. Interr: 'ajidahim]: to become narrower, thinner (same as 'ajijka) ex: 'Al 'at 'ajida. It is somewhat narrower.

'ajij Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'ajij; def 'ajij=k. Interr: 'ajij=ka-him. Dur: 'ajij=ka-d); pls:
'a'aj]: to be narrow, thin ex: 'I:da'a huk 'o 'ol(<'al) 'ajij. This board is (rather) narrow. Si 'al 'ajij. He/it is (rather) thin. Mat hema g 'o'odham vo sgakc o 'ajijkad. A person who is skinny is thin. Heg 'o ge 'ajijc 'ep cu:cpul. This is a rectangle ( narrow with angles). 'ajijka Vintr sgs (for pls see 'a'ajijka) [Neutr: def 'ajijka. Interr: 'ajijka-him]: to become narrow, thin (same as 'ajida) ex: 'Al 'at 'i 'ajijka. It is (rather) narrower. Vat o 'i 'ajijka. It will get narrower. 'I 'o 'i 'ajijkahim. It is getting narrower.

'ajijkad Vtr sgo (for plo see 'a'ajijkad) [Neutr: def and hort 'ajijkad. Interr: 'ajijkadahim. Dur: 'ajijkada-d]: to narrow obj ex: Napt o 'i 'ajijkad? Are you going to narrow it? M(<'am) g 'i 'ajijkad! Narrow it!

'ajijkadaku N alien sg [pl: 'a'ajijkadaku]: chisel (tool to make something narrower

or thinner)

'ajijkajid Vtr and dtr sgo (for plo see 'a'ajijkajid) [Neutr: def 'ajijkaj; hort 'ajijkajid]:
to narrow obj for someone

'ajim s- Adj sg [pl: s-'a'ajim]: thin (said only of a person)

ex: Heg 'o s'ajim u 'uv. She is a thin woman.

'ajimk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-'ajim=k. Interr: s-'ajim=ka-him. Dur: s'ajim=ka-d). pls: s-'a'ajimk]: to be thin (said only of a person) ex: S'ajimk 'o. He is thin. Heg 'o s'ajimkahim. He used to be thin. Hegam 'o s'a'ajimkahim. They used to be thin.

'Aj-Mo'okam Comp(?): a nickname (Long-and-narrow-headed-one) 'aj-vainom[] NComp mass: wire, wiring

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'aj-/'ak 'aj-vainom[] NComp indiv alien [pl: 'a'aj-vapainom[]]: roll/ piece of wire 'ajvi Vintr: to shrink 'aj-vo:g NComp indiv alien [sg (lst pers sg: -'aj-vo:g=ga); pl: 'a'aj-vopog]: horse path
(narrow road) ex: Hema daha g ko'ov 'aj-vo:gc'e. There is (sitting) a rattlesnake on the horse path.

-'akidag in compounds : wash leading to and going through a field, a village

Hus-'akidag NComp indiv [sg (loc: Hus-'akidag-c-'e)]: name of wash leading to, and going through, Jose's fields Keliba Vo'oga 'akidag NExpr(?): name of wash going through the village of Keliba Vo'oga (Covered Wells) 'Al 'Oidag 'akidag NExpr(?): name of wash leading to the village of 'Al 'Oidag

'akidag vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'a'akidag]: to be a wash/ arroyo going through
somebody's fields or through a village ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'akidaj. It is the wash going through that fellow's fields. Hegam 'o (<vu) ha'akidag. It is the wash going through those fellows' fields. Hegam 'o (<vu) 'a'akidaj. They are the washes going through his fields.

'akidaj N: the wash leading and going through a specified field or village
ex: 'Akidaj g Hus. The wash going through Jose's fields.

'akig Stat impers Unit [sing (Neutr: indef 'akig; def 'akig=k. Interr: 'akig=ka-him. Dur:
'akig=ka-d); mult: 'a'akig]: there is a wash, arroyo ex: 'Atp gn hab he'eko 'i 'akig. Some distance away there is a wash. ... 'am heba'i mat 'am hebi(<heba'i) o smoima 'akigk ... somewhere where there is (will be) a wash with a sandy bed (soft wash).

'akiga Stat: to have a wash, arroyo 'akimel N alien sg [pl: 'a'akimel]: river 'Akimel N subst: River Pima Land
ex: gami hu hugk 'am 'Akimelt'am= up to the end of River Pima Land

'Akimel-'O'odham NComp(?): River Pima people, person 'ak N indiv alien [sg (3rd pers sg 'aki=ga-j; loc: 'ak-t-'am, 'ak[]-c-'e); pl: 'a'ak]: wash,
arroyo

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'ak[] ci/'alic 'ak[] ci NExpr indiv [pl/distr: 'a'ak[] ci:ci]: mouth of a wash (place where a wash
loses itself in the sand or ground) ex: 'A'ak ci:ci 'an o sva'usigk g jevu. At each mouth of a wash the soil is (will be) moist.

'Ak[] Ci subst NExpr [loc: 'Ak Ci 'am]: name of a village (Mouth of a Wash)
ex: 'am 'Ak Ci 'am= down at 'Ak Ci.

'al-ge'el NComp indiv: godchild (the reciprocal term is palna); nephew, younger
sister's child (the reciprocal term is je'es)

'alhain/'ahlain N: threshing floor

ex: 'Am 'a geggev g baviga 'ahlainc'e. I beat my beans on a threshing floor, each time.

'ali N alien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'ali=ga-j; instr: 'ali-kaj; instr 1st pers sg: -'ali=ga-kaj); pl:
'a'al]: child ex: Santa-Rosa 'a'al 'o cum hekid hagev. The Santa Rosa kids always win (over them). 'E'a'algakaj 'ab o 'a'ai 'e'abc. They will blame each other's children for it. cioj 'ali NExpr alien [sg (1st pers sg: cioj -'ali=ga; 3rd pers sg: cioj 'ali=ga-j); pl: cecioj 'a'al]: son ge'ecu 'ali NExpr alien [sg (1st pers sg: ge'ecu -'ali=ga; 3rd pers sg: ge'ecu 'ali=gaj); pl: ge'ege 'a'al]: older child 'alicu 'ali NExpr alien [sg (1st pers sg: 'alicu -'ali=ga ; 3rd pers sg: 'alicu 'ali=ga-j); pl: 'a'alcu 'a'al]: younger child 'uv 'ali NExpr alien [sg: (1st pers sg: 'uv -'ali=ga; 3rd pers sg: 'uv 'ali=ga-j); pl: 'u'uv 'a'al]: daughter

'ali vu Stat Expr [sgs (indef vu 'ali; def vu 'al=k; concurs vu 'ali=kc/ 'ali-c. Interr:
vu 'ali=ka-him. Dur: vu 'ali=ka-d); pls: vu 'a'al]: to be a child, the youngest ex: Pt o 'a:g g'amje mapp 'ea vu 'i 'ali. Tell me (about yourself) from the time you were a child (until now). 'A:cim u ab 'a'al. We are mere children. D(<vu) 'ap ab kia 'ali. You are still a mere child. 'A:pi hascu 'a:gc u ab o 'alikad ... Because you are (will be) a mere child ... Tp 'a:pi vu 'alic g ku:gaj o bei. Being the youngest, you will take the (its) upper part.

'ali in vu ha jevho-'o'odham-'ali Stat Expr: to be part descendant of the gopher

people ex: Hab u ha jevho-'o'odham-'ali hega'i. He is a descendant of the badger-people, that fellow.

'alic see Vreflex 'e-'alicud= to turn into a child

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'alicu/'alidt 'alicu (dial: 'alicu'u) N subst sg [pl: 'a'alcu]: youngest, smallest one
'alicu 'ali NExpr alien [reflex sg alicu 'e-'ali=ga]: youngest child 'alicu 'cehia NExpr alien [reflex 'alicu 'e-cehia=ga]: youngest girl

'alicu (dial: 'alicu'u) vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'a'alcu]: to be the youngest, smallest
ex: Hei(<hea'i) vu 'alicu? Who is the youngest? Hascu u 'alicu? Which one (object) is the smallest?

'alicud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'alic. Interr: 'alicuda-him): to turn into a child
ex: Pt ab 'e'alic. You are just like (have turned into) a child. Hega'i keli 'e'alicudahim. That old man is getting into his second childhood.

'alidag N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg: 'alida-j); pl: 'a'alidag]: child (used only by a man to
refer to, or address, his own child or when referring to a man's child) ex: Skeg u 'u'uv g 'a'alidaj. His children are beautiful girls. cioj 'alidag NExpr inalien sg [sg (1st pers sg: cioj -'alidag; 3rd pers sg: cioj 'alida-j); pl: cecioj 'a'alidag]: son 'uv 'alidag NExpr sg inalien [pl: 'u'uv 'a'alidag]: daughter ex: 'U'uv 'a'alidaj 'o skegaj. His daughters are beautiful.

'alidag vu Stat Expr sg (pl: vu 'a'alidag]: to be the child of (a man)

ex: D(vu) 'o 'alidag. He is my child. D(<vu) 'o 'alidaj. He is his child. Heg 'o (<vu) 'alidaj Hus. He is Jose's child.

'alidag in vu jevho-'alidag Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu jevho-'a'alidag]: to be a gopher

descendant ex: ... no pi hegam 'o'ogbaaj u jevho-'a'alidag. ... because his deceased fathers (father and father's brother) are gopher descendants

alidag Stat [sing (Neutr: 'alidag; def 'alidag=k. Interr: 'alidag=ka-him); mult: 'a'alidag]:
to have a child (said only of a man) ex: Hemako 'o(<'a) 'alidag. I have one child. Gi'ik 'a 'a'alidag. I have four children. 'uv 'alidag StatExpr[pl: 'u'uv 'a'alidag]: to have a daughter ex: Skeg 'o 'u'uv 'a'alidag / 'a'alidag g 'u'uv. He has beautiful daughters. 'A gi'ik 'a'alidag g 'u'uv. He has (hearsay) four daughters.

'alidagba N inalien sg [pl: 'a'alidagba]: deceased child of a man 'alidt Vintr sing (for mult see 'a'alidt) [Neutr: def and hort 'alidt. Interr: 'alidta-him]: to
beget a child ex: Napt 'alid? Do you have a child? Masma 'ab 'i 'a'alidahim. Thus he had many children.

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'aliag/ 'ama'i 'aliag Stat sg [pl: 'a'aliag]: to be childish

ex: a 'aliag 'o hega'i. He is (rather) childish, that one.

'aliag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'a'aliag]: to be very childish

ex: B(<vab) kia s'aliag. He is still childish. P ab kia s'aliag. You(sg) are still childish. M ab kia s'a'aliag. You(pl) are still childish.

'aliga Stat sing [mult: 'a'alga]: to have a child

ex: Hemako 'o(<'a) 'aliga. I have one child. Gi'ik 'a 'a'alga. I have four children. Gi'ik 'a skeg 'a'alga. I have four beautiful children. 'uv 'aliga Stat Expr sing [mult: 'u'uv 'a'alga]: to have a daughter ex: Skeg 'o gi'ik 'u'uv 'a'alga. I have four beautiful daughters.

'aliga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'a'aliga]: to be someone's child

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) 'aliga 'am macamakuc'e. He is my pupil (my child in school).

'ali-vepoag Stat Comp(?): to act like a child, childishly

ex: a 'ali-vepoag 'o hega'i. He acts (rather) childishly, that one.

'alivh:na (Engl: elephant) N sg (pl: 'a'alivhhana): elephant 'alo in cum 'alo Adv Expr: almost
ex: Cum 'alo 'ont(<'ant) 'a'ahe. I almost caught up with him. Cum 'alo 'ot(<'at) 'i 'a'ahe g 'o:la. It is almost time. Cum 'alo 'ont(<'ant) 'i gei. I almost fell. Cum 'alo 'opt(<'apt) ma'ihi. You almost hit him. Cum 'alo 'opt(<'apt) hab ju:. You almost did it. Cum 'alo ves 'i ce g ta. The sun is almost completely up.

'alo in a ['al] 'i 'alo Adv Expr: a while

ex: ... mat a 'i 'alo hu (g ta). ... a while after sundown.

'alo in a 'i 'alo Stat Expr impers [Neutr: def a 'i 'alo. Interr: a 'i 'alo=ka-him]: to be a
while ex: Nt o 'u:pam 'ep jiva mat o a 'i 'alo. I'll be back in a while. a 'at o 'i 'alo. In a while. T o 'ip a 'i 'alo. After a while (first it will be a while). Mapt gm hu hi: 'am a 'i 'alokahim, t(<kut) 'i a(<va) jiva. He arrived a while after you had gone.

'Al 'Oidag NExpr(?): name of a village 'ama'i Stat intr [Neutr: indef 'ama'i; def 'ama'i=k. Interr: 'ama'i=ka-him. Dur: 'ama'i=kad]: to be down there

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'ama'i/ 'am[]cud
ex: 'Ama'i 'o. He is down there. 'At 'am o 'ama'ik. He will be down there. 'Ama'ikahim 'o. He used to be down there. 'At 'am o 'ama'ikad. He will be down there (for some time).

'ama'ic/ 'ama'ikc semi Stat intr [Neutr: def and indef 'ama'ic/'ama'ikc. Interr:
'ama'ic=ka-him. Dur: 'ama'ici-d]: to be staying down there

'am[]c see Vtr 'am[]cud= to recognize/ understand obj 'am[]cud Vtr [Neutr: def 'am[]c. Interr: 'am[]cuda-him. Compl: 'am[]-cud-ok;
immed: 'am[]cud-oka-'i]: to recognize/ understand obj ex: M'amc 'ant. I understand you(sg). Napt 'amc? Do you understand me? 'Amc 'ant. I get it (understand him). Pi 'int(<'ant) m'amc. I did not understand you(sg). Pi 'int(<'ant) 'em'amc. I do not understand you(pl). Pi 'itt(<'att) 'em'amc. We did not understand you(pl). M(<'am) g ab 'i 'a'amcudad, ptp(<kuptp) o a(<va) 'amc. Keep on figuring it out, you may get it. Pi 'i(<'a) hab a 'i 'elid mans o 'amc hega'i. I do not think that I will understand him. 'A ha'amcudahim g hai'ok. I am getting to understand their language. Ha-'ac-ha'amcudahim g hai'ok. We are getting to understand their language. 'A heg 'am haha 'amcudok hab kaij ha'ap. After he understood him, he spoke in that fashion (hearsay).

'am[]cud Vtr [Neutr: def 'am[]c]: to find out about obj

ex: T(<kut) o m'amc 'ab g'amje hega'i ma mvemaj. He will find out from that the fact that you are with me (he will find you out from that that you are with me). T(<kut) o a t'amcudok(a'i) 'atp hascu ab o a(<va) has 'eju: hega'i Ho'ok. If she finds us out, she is bound to do something, that Witch.

'am[]cud in ha'icu 'am[]cud VExpr: to acquire understanding, knowledge

ex: T(<kut) o a(<va) ha'icu 'amc 'am 'i ge'edak. He will acquire knowledge when he has grown up. Nt o macamk o ha'icu 'amc. I'll go to school in order to acquire knowledge. Heg 'o ha'icu 'amcudahim. He is acquiring knowledge. Pt<kupt) o 'ip ha'icu 'amcudok. First, you must acquire knowledge.

'am[]cud s- semi Stat tr [Neutr: def s-'am[]c; indef s-'am[]cud. Interr: s- 'am[]-cudahim/ 'am[]cud=ka-him Dur: s-'am[]cuda-d/ 'am[]cud=ka-d]: to recognize, understand, know, be wise to, obj ex: Nap 'am a(<va) s'amcud ma has kaij. Do you understand what I say (Do you understand me who is talking)? Nap s'amcud ma hei u? Do you(sg) recognize who I am (Do you recognize me who I am)? Nam 'am a(<va) s'amcud ma has kaij? Do you(pl) understand me?-- Nap 'am a(<va) st'amcud mac has kaij? Do you(sg) understand us? Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'amcud mas has kaij. I do not understand what he says. Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'amcud hega'i mo hekid 'am 'i iok. I do not recognize his voice (I do not recognize him when he speak). Pi 'o 'amcud ma hekid 'i cum iok. He does not

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'am[]cud/ 'am[]cud
recognize my voice (he does not recognize me when I speak). M(<'am) 'a a(<va) cum s'amcudahim/s'amcudkahim. I used to understand him/it. Nt o a(<va) s'amcudad/ s'amcudkad. I will understand him/it. S'amcud mo hascu 'i 'a:gidas 'ab 'amje g 'ali. He/they know(s) what is said about the child. Ku si s'ap s'amcud mas hascu u 'a:o. I do not know too well what 'a:o is.

'am[]cud s-cu semi Stat [sgs (Neutr indef s-cu-'am[]cud; def s-cu-'am[]cud=k. Interr:
s-cu-'am[]cuda-him/ 'am[]cud=ka-him. Dur: s-cu-'am[]cuda-d/ 'am[]cud=ka-d); pls: scu-'a'ami[]cud]: to be clever, intelligent ex: Hega'i 'o'odham 'o scu'amcud/ ha'icu s'amcud. That fellow is clever. Scu-'up(<'ap)'amcud. You(sg) are smart. Hegam 'o'odham 'o scu'a'amcud. Those fellows are clever. 'I:da'a cehia 'atk o scu'amcudk mat hekid o 'i ge'eda. This girl will (evidential) be clever when she grows up (has grown up). T o a(<va) scu'amcudad/scu'amcudkad. He will be clever. T o a(<va) scu'a'amcudad/scu'a'amcudkad. They will be clever. Cum 'o scu'amcudahim/scu'amcudkahim. He used to be clever.

'am[]cud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'am[]c]: to get to recognize, understand, know, each
other ex: Namt 'am a(<va) 'a(<'e)'amc? Do you(pl) know each other? 'E-'et(<'at)-'e'amc. They know each other. 'a'ai 'e-'am[]cud VExpr reflex: to recognize, understand, know, one another ex: Vat o a(<va) 'a'ai 'e'amc. They will recognize one another.

'am[]cud s-'e semi Stat reflex: to recognize, understand, know each other
ex: M(<'am) 'ac a st'amcud. We know each other. 'a'ai s-'e-'am[]cud semi Stat Expr reflex: to recognize, understand, know one another ex: M 'ac a(<va) 'a'ai st'amcud. We know one another.

'am[]cud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'am[]c. Interr: 'e-'am[]cuda-him]: to know what to do

ex: T(<kut) o a(<va) 'a(<'e)'amc mat hekid o ge'eda. He will be knowledgeable when he grows up. Pi 'int(<'ant) 'amc mans has o ju:. I do not know what to do 'A:i s'ap nta:tk map 'e'amcudahim. I am glad that you are getting to be wise.

'am[]cud s-'e semi Stat reflex [sgs (Neutr: def s-'e-'am[]c; indef s-'e-'am[]cud. Interr:
s-'e-'am[]cuda-him/s-'e-'am[]cud=ka-him); pls: s-'e-'a'am[]cud]: to know where one is at ex: S'e'amcud 'o. He knows his business. S'amcud 'a. I know my business. a 'a(<'o) va 'i s'e'amcud 'i:da'a kavyu. This horse knows his business. 'Oia 'am haha 'i hab ju: matp hasko hab 'i s'e'amcud. Then he did it the best he knew how. Gami 'atp hu haje:g g Ban matp has 'i masma s'e'am[]cud. Coyote addressed them in his best manner (the best way he knew how). Hek hu mo s'e'amcudahimc/ scu'amcudkahimc hemu haha pi 'i(<'e)'amcud. He used to know his business, but now he does not. Pi 'i(<'e)'amcud mas hascuk'ab hebi(<heba'i) o dahiva. He does not know on what to sit down. Pi 'int(<'ant) 'amc. I am mixed up.

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'am[]cudaag/'amog 'am[]cudaag N inalien [3rd pers sg: 'am[]cudaga-j]: knowledge, wisdom

ex: M'amcudaag ba'ic 'i ge'ej mo 'a:i'i. Your knowledge is greater than mine.

'am[]cudam s-cu N subst sg [pl: s-cu-'a'am[]cudam]: wise one, council man lawyer 'am[]cudam vu s-cu- Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: def vu s-cu-'am[]cudam-k); pls: vu
s-cu-'a'am[]cudam]: to be a learned, wise one; a council man, a lawyer, a business man ex: 'I:da'a viapoi 'at u o scu'amcudamk mat hekid o 'i ge'eda. This boy will be a wise one when he grows up.

'am[]cudam s-ta Adv: understandably, intelligibly

ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-'amcudam iok. He talks in an intelligible way.

'am[]cudama s-ta V subst sgs [pls: s-ta-'a'am[]cudama]: to be understandable,

intelligible ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-'amcudama. He is understandable. M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) sta'a'amcudama. They are understandable.

'amjekam N inalien [sg (3rd pers sg: 'amjekama-j); pl: 'a'amjekam]: descendant 'amjekam vu Stat Expr sing [mult: 'a'amjekam]: to be the descendant of; to be
from, a native of ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'amjekam. He is my descendant. Heg 'o (<vu) 'amjekamaj. He is his descendant.-- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans hei(<hea'i) u 'amjekam. I do not know my origin (whose descendant I am). Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mans hebi(<heba'i) u 'amjekam. I do not know where I am from.-- Bap u 'amjekam? Where are you(sg) from? Bam u 'amjekam? Where are you(pl) from? do'ag 'amjekam vu Stat Expr: to be from the mountain ex: Heg 'o (<vu) do'ag 'amjekam. He is from the mountain. jevho 'amjekam vu Stat Expr: to be a badger descendant ex: Heg 'o (<vu) jevho 'amjekam. He is a descendant of the gopher.

'amjekam vu Stat Expr: to be the origin, cause, reason

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'amjekam mant heghekaj 'ab 'i me:. That is the reason why I came here (running).

'amo see Vintr 'amog= to make an announcement 'amog Vintr sgs (for pls see 'a'amog) [Neutr: def 'amo; hort and indef 'amog; imper:
'amoga-]: to make an announcement ex: 'Am 'ant o 'amo je:gidac'e. I'll make an announcement at the meeting. Heg 'o 'amog. He is making an announcement.

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'amogid/ 'ap 'amogid Vtr sgs (for pls see 'a'amogid) [Neutr: def 'amog; indef and hort 'amogid]:
to make an announcement to obj ex: 'An ha'amog g hemajkam. He made an announcement to the people.

'amog see Vtr 'amogid= to make an announcement to obj 'angid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'ang]: to flap one's wings 'ang see Vreflex 'e-'angid= to flap one's wings 'a:l (Span: ail) N alien: blueing (tablets or liquid)
ex: Bapt dai g 'a:l? Where did you put the blueing (bottle)?

'a:lmad Vtr [Neutr: def 'a:lmad]: to put blueing into obj

ex: Nt o 'a:lmad g vakona. I will put blueing into my washing.

'a:lmag s- Stat (sgs [Neutr: indef s-'a:lmag; def s-'a:lmag=k. Dur: s'a:lmag=ka-d. Interr: s-'a:lmag=ka-him]; pls: s-'a'ailmag): to be bluish, light blue ex: S'a:lmag 'o. It is bluish. Cum 'o s'a:lmagkahim. It used to be light blue.

'a:lmagim s- Adv sg [pl: s-'a'ailmagim]: blueing-like

ex: s'a:lmagim sce:dag= blueing-blue(sg) s'a'ailmagim scehedag= blueingblue(pl).

'ailo (Span: anillo) N indiv inalien [pl: 'a'ailo]: ring 'ap s- Adj sg [pl: s-'a'ap]: good
ex: Heg 'o s'ap u 'o'odham. He is a good man. Hegam 'o s'a'ap u 'o'odham. They are good men. 'Id 'o s'ap u ha'icu 'am mveheji. This is good (a good thing) for you(sg). S'ap ha'icukaj 'ant 'i a(<va) jiva. I came here with good intentions (with a good thing). pi 'ap Adj Expr: bad ex: Nap sma:c hega'i pi 'ap 'o'odham? Do you(sg) know that bad man? Nap shama:c hegam pi 'a'ap 'o'odham? Do you(sg) know those bad men?

'ap s- Adv: well, being able to, knowing how to

ex: B(<hab) 'o 'a:gid map a 'i s'ap 'O'odham-iok. I am told that you speak pretty good 'O'odham. Nt o s'ap hekaj g navait. I will use wine with moderation (well). Tp (<kutp) hems 'am o a(<va) s'ap hab 'eju:. Perhaps it can be done. pi 'ap Adv Expr: badly, poorly ex: Heg 'o pi 'ap hekaj g navait. He used wine immoderately (not well). Pi g 'am hu pi 'ap 'eju. Don't behave badly. Pi g 'am hu ha'icu pi 'ap ju. Don't do anything wrong. Pi int(<'ant) 'ap o vu: g nu:k. I can't tie my shoe.

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'apap/ 'apculid 'apap N inalien [sg(1st pers sg: -'apap)]: father (term used by a child to address or refer
to his father when the latter belongs to the 'Apapgam sib of the Coyote moiety)

'Apapgam N aggreg: the group of people belonging to a sib of the Coyote moiety
(Affiliation to the group is carried through the males) ex: Heba'i ki: g 'Apapgam? Where do the 'Apapgam live?

'Apapgam vu Stat Expr: to be an 'Apapgam (a member of the 'Apapgam sib of the

Coyote moiety) ex: Nap sma:c hega'i mas u 'Apapgam? Do you(sg) know whether he is a 'Apapgam?

'apap 'oks N Expr: term used by a man to refer to or address his father's or mother's
older sister

'apcu s- N subst: the right thing

ex: T ab hab ju: g s'apcu. He did the right thing. Nap bei g s'apcu? Did you(sg) get the right one? pi 'apcu subst NExpr: the wrong thing ex: T ab hab ju: g pi 'apcu. He did the wrong thing.

'apcu-behe s-VComp : to get the right thing

ex: Nap s'apcu-bei? Did you(sg) get the right thing? pi 'apcu-behe VExpr: to get the wrong thing ex: Pi 'ipt(<'apt) 'apcu-bei. You got the wrong one.

'apcudac see Vdtr 'apcudacud= to prepare obj for somebody 'apcudacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'apcudac; hort 'apcudacud]: to fix obj for somebody
(same as 'apculid) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o a(<va) 'i m'apcudac. I will fix it/them for you(sg). B(<'ab) g 'i 'apcudacud! Fix it/them for me!

'apcudacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'apcudac; hort 'apcudacud]: to bless obj for somebody
ex: M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) 'i m'apcudac. I will bless it/them for you(sg). 'Am g 'i 'apcudacud! Bless it/them for me!

'apcudas Stat: to be prepared, made ready 'apculid Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort 'apculid]: to fix obj for somebody (same as
'apcudacud) ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o a(<va) 'i m'apculid. I will fix it/them for you(sg). B(<'ab) g 'i 'apculid. Fix it/them for me.

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'ape 'ape s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef s-'ape; def s-'ape=k. Interr: s-'ape=ka-him. Dur: s-'ape=ka-d]:
to be pleasing to obj ex: 'Apt o s'apek. You will please me. pi 'ape Stat Expr tr: to be displeasing to obj ex: 'Apt pi vo 'apek. You will displease me. ha'icu pi 'ape VExpr tr: to have something bothering obj ex: Pi 'o ha'icu 'am hu pi 'ape. Nothing is bothering me. 'ea 'o ha'icu pi 'ape. My stomach is bothering me (inside me something is bothering me). ...c heg sgakc pi 'it(<'at) ha'icu 'an hu o pi 'apekad. ...and that one being skinny, nothing will bother him.

'ape s- Stat intr (sg [Neutr: indef s-'ape; def and hort s-'ape=-k. Interr: s-'ape=ka-him.
Dur: s-'ape=ka-d); pls [Neutr: indef s-'a'ape. Interr: s-'a'ape=ka-him]): to be good, to behave properly, normally ex: Nap 'am ab 'i s'ape? Did you behave properly? M(<'am) g ab 'i s'apek! Behave properly! 'A:pi 'ipt(<'apt) o s'apek! You(sg) will behave properly! M(<'am) g o ab 'i s'apekad! Be behaving (you pl) properly! Pt gm hu ab o s'apekad nt 'ida hab mjuk. You(sg) will be normal again after what I have done to you. Gami hu va ha'ap s'ape hegam vi:piop. They are back to normal, those boys.-- S'a'ape 'o hegam hemajkam. Those people are good. S'a'apekahim 'o. They used to be good pi 'ape Stat Expr intr: not to be worthy ex: Pi 'i(<'a) a 'i 'ape mans 'ab o vu:pli'o g u:k-gigiaaj. I am not worthy of tying his shoe strings.

'ape in ha'icu s-'ape 'am hema veheji VExpr intr: to be useful to somebody
ex: T o tveheji ha'icu s'apek. She will be useful to us.

'ape in s-'ape 'ab ha'icu 'amje VExpr intr: to be satisfied because of/ with obj
ex: 'A:i 'a s'ape 'ab 'amje 'i:da'a. I am satisfied with this.

'ape in s-'ape 'am hema veheji VExpr intr: to be satisfied with obj
ex: Nap 'am a(<va) s'ape veheji? Are you(sg) satisfied with me?

'ape in s-'ape 'e-ve:m VExpr intr: to get along with each other (same as s-'e-'ape)
ex: M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i s'apek 'eve:m. They will get along with each other.

'ape s- Stat tr impers [Neutr: indef s-'ape]: to be all right with obj
ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) sm'ape? Are you(sg) feeling well? No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'em'ape? Are you(pl) feeling well? M(<'am) 'o ob(<vab) a 'i s'ape. I am feeling quite well. M(<'am) 'o ob(<vab) 'i st'ape. We are feeling rather well. No hig pi 'am a(<va) s'ape mant hab o nju: mantp hascu o 'i tacu? Isn't it perfectly all right for me to do whatever I please?

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'ape/ 'ap[e]cud 'ape s- Stat intr impers [Neutr: indef s-'ape; def s-'ape=k. Interr: s-'ape=ka-him. Dur: s'ape=ka-d]: to be all right, fine ex: No 'om(<'am) a(<va) s'ape? Is it all right? M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) s'ape. It is all right. No 'om(<'am) a(<va) ves ha'icu s'ape? Is everything all right a 'a(<'o) va 'i s'ape. It is quite all right. No pi 'am a(<va) s'ape. It is all right (I accept). 'I 'o va 'i s'ape. It is fine enough. Tp(<kutp) hems o s'apek. Maybe it would be all right. D(<vu) 'aptp o vepo ge'e hemajkamk kupt o s'apekad hega'i. If you were as grown as I am, it would be alright. 'I hu 'i s'ape mant o ga: g cikpan. It is now all right for me to hunt for a job. ... c hekaj 'am a(<va) s'ape mapt 'a:pi vo va bei hega'i 'alicu. ... and consequently it is all right for you(sg) to get the youngest. pi 'ape Stat Expr intr impers: not to be all right ex: Kutp 'ea pi 'ape mant 'am o 'i mve:mt?/ No pi 'ape mant 'am o 'i mve:mt? Can I help you (isn't it all right if I help you)?

'ape s- Stat reflex [Neutr: indef s-'e-'ape; def s-'e-'ape=k. Interr: s-'e-'ape=ka-him. Dur:
s-'e-'ape=ka-d]: to get along with each other (same as s-'ape 'e-ve:m) ex: M(<'am) ab 'i s'e'ape. They get along with each other. M(<'am) 'at ab o 'i s'e'apekad. They will be getting along with each other.

'ap[e]cud Vtr [Neutr: def 'apec; hort and indef 'apcud. Interr: 'apcuda-him. Dur:
'apcuda-d]: to prepare obj, to get obj ready ex: Nt o 'i 'apec g ki:. I will get the house ready. 'Ea 'am a(<va) has masma 'am 'apec mat 'amje 'am o mei. Meanwhile they fixed it in such a way as to set fire to it. M(<'am) g 'i 'apcud g ki: 'am nna'naipiju haveheji! Get the house ready for my friends! M(<'am) 'o ob(<vab) 'i 'apcud g ki:. He is getting the house ready. Kutp ge ta 'am ab 'i 'apcudahim ha'icu. They spent the whole day just getting things ready. M(<'am) 'ant haha ab o 'i 'apcudahi g ki:. I will get the house ready (with interruptions) later on. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'apcudad g ki:! Keep on getting the house ready!

'ap[e]cud Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'a'apecud) [Neutr: def 'apec]: to help obj out
ex: ia k hab masma 'am 'i ha'apec. Well, and that is how he helped them out.

'ap[e]cud Vintr [Neutr: def 'apec]: to agree that ...

ex: mu'i 'ei'ovinahimc 'apec mat hab o ce:gigk "ta". While arguing a lot among each other they agreed that it would be called "sun" (hearsay).

'ap[e]cud Vtr [Neutr: def 'apec/'apcud]: to bless obj

ex: Pa:l 'at 'am 'i ha'apec/ ha'apcud. The priest blessed them.

'ap[e]cud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'apec. Correl: 'e-'apcud-k; immed: 'e-'apcud-ka-'i]: to

prepare oneself, get ready ex: Nt o 'i 'apec. I will prepare myself. Mamt 'am o si 'i(<'e)'apcudk o 'o(<'e)na:tokcid cum hekid. Having prepared yourselves, be ready at all times.

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'ap[e]cud/ 'apet 'ap[e]cud Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-'apec]: to get done, finished, to get to be
enough, satisfactory ex: 'E'apec. It is enough. Hek hu 'am ab o 'i 'i(<'e)'apec mant 'am hab a(<va) cum mju mat pi hea'i 'i(<'e)nako g hemajkam. It should now (already) be enough, since I have done for you what nobody else could.

'ape[i]dag N inalien [3rd pers sg 'ape[i]da-j]: permit, license, right

ex: Nt bei g 'apedag. I got my permit. Milign pi 'egid g 'e'apedag mas o bei g jevu 'an 'O'odham-Jevu da:m. A White Man does not have the right to get land on the 'O'odham Reservation.

'ape[i]dag vu Stat Expr [Neutr: indef vu 'ape[i]dag; def vu 'ape[i]dag=k. Interr: vu

'ape[i]dag=ka-him]: to be a permit, license, right

'ape[i]dag in NExpr inalien ha'icu 'ape[i]dag: welfare, well being 'ape[i]dag in ha'icu pi 'ape[i]dag NExpr inalien: troubles, misery
ex: Hab masma mat 'ab 'i 'a:'ad g hemajkam 'am hi va 'amje 'i:da'a ha'icu pi t'apedag 'ama'i. The reason why the people sent me here is because of our troubles down there.

'ape[i]dag in vu ha'icu 'ape[i]dag Stat Expr: to be a good thing for obj

ex: Vi:b 'o skeg u ha'icu t'apedag. Milk is a good thing for us.

'apekam s- N subst: good one, right thing

ex: Heg tacu s'apekam. He/they want(s) what is good. pi 'apekam subst NExpr: bad thing, evil, wrong thing ex:... heghekaj mamt hema 'i hab o ju: hega'i pi 'apekam. ...because one of you has done wrong. B(<'ab) 'at o mo:to'i g pi 'apekam. He/they will put the responsibility for evil on me.

'apekam s- Adj: of good will, well meaning

ex: S'ap ta:hadkam 'am havui g s'apekam hemajkam. Peace to the people of good will.

'apema s- Vsubst: to look fine, all right

ex: a 'a(<'o) va s'apema. It looks quite fine.

'apet s- Vtr impers [Neutr: def and indef s-'apet]: to be good for/ agree with obj
ex: 'Id 'at o s 'apet. This will be all right with me. Natk o va s'apet? Will it be all ri gh t wi t h hi m ? Tk va a ' i s'apet. It will be quite all right with him. pi 'apet VExpr tr impers: to be bad for/ disagree with obj ex: 'I:da'a scuhugam pi ha'apet g ha'icu doakam. This darkness did not agree with the living things.

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'apet 'apet s- Vintr impers [Neutr: def and indef s-'apet]: to be all right, to work out
ex: Pt 'am haha vo t'a:g mas has masma vo s'apet. Then you(sg) will tell us how it will work out. Tk o va a 'i s'apet. It will be quite all right. pi 'apet VExpr intr: not to work out, to cause trouble, to do wrong ex: T(<kut) o 'om a(<va) pi 'apet. It did not work out. Pi 'it(<'at) 'am hu 'apet heghekaj mo hega'i. It did not work out because of him. ... heghekaj m a p t ' a m a < v a ) p i ' a p e t . . . . b e cause you have caused trouble. Begi ia matp hab masma 'i a hu 'i pi 'apet hema g cehiagaj. Well, one of his daughters had caused trouble.

'apet Vintr [Neutr: def ' apet. Correl: 'apet-k; immed: 'apet-ka-'i. Compl: 'apet-ok;
immed: 'apet-oka-'i]: to get to be ready, in order ex: Ves ha'icu 'apetok tt(<kutt) 'am haha vo hihi. After everything is in order, then we'll go down there. Mhodai-cu'i-va:ga 'at 'apet. Your cement mixture is ready. pi 'apet 'ab hema/ha'icu 'amje VExpr intr : to get annoyed at/ disrupted by obj ex: ia k 'oia 'am hab ab 'i pi 'apet g hemajkam 'ab 'amje hega'i 'ali. Well, and then the people got annoyed at that child. ia k 'oia 'am hab ab 'i pi 'apet g hemajkam haki:dag 'ab 'amje hega'i. Well, and then the daily life of the people got disrupted by that one. 'apet 'ab 'e-vui VExpr intr: to get along with each other (same as 'e-'apet) ex: Namt 'ab o 'i 'apet 'evui? Will you get along with each other? B(<' ab) g o ' i ' apet 'evui! Get along with each other!

'apet Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-'apet] : to get along with each other (same as 'apet
'ab 'e-vui) ex: 'Oia heghekaj 'ab 'i pi 'i(<'e)'apet. But because of that they did not get along with each other. B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<'e)'apet! Get along with each other!

'apet Vtr impers sg (for plo see 'a'apet) [Neutr: def 'apet. Interr: 'apeta-him] to
make obj get well ex: T(<kut) o a(<va) m'apet. It will make you get well. M(<'am) 'at a(<va) 'apet. It made me get well. M(<'am) 'o ob(<vab) a(<va) a 'i 'apetahim. It is making me somewhat get better.

'apet Vintr sgs (for pls see 'a'apet ) [Neutr: def ' apet. Interr: ' apeta - him;
concurs 'apeta-him-c. Compl: 'apet-ok; immed: 'apet-oka-'i] : to get well, to recover ex: Heg 'at o 'apet. He will get better. 'Apet 'at. He has recovered. M(<'am) 'ant a(<va) 'apet. I have re covered. 'Apetahim 'a. I am recovering. Vat o 'apetahid. He is going to be recovering (with interruptions). T o 'apetad. He will be getting better (steadily). -- M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) cum 'apetahimc hemu 'ep 'o mumku. He was getting better but now he is sick again. T o 'ip 'am 'apetoka'i tt(<kutt) 'am haha vo hihi. Let him get better first, then we will go down there.

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'apetama/ 'apolad 'apetama s - V subst: to look im proved

ex: Tk o va a s'apetama. It will look somewhat improved

'Apkigam N aggreg [distr: 'A'apkigam]: a group of people belonging to a sib of the

Coyote moiety (Affiliation to the group is carried through the males) ex: Heba'i ki: g 'Apkigam? Where do the Apkigam live?

'Apkigam vu Stat Expr: to be a 'Apkigam (a member of the 'Apkigam sib of the

Coyote moiety) ex: Nap sma:c hega'i mas u 'Apkigam. Do you know whether he is a 'Apkigam?

'apk N inalien[1rst pers sg 'apk]: father (term used by a child to address or

refer to his father when the latter belongs to the 'Apkigam sib of the Coyote moiety)

'apk 'oks NExpr: term used by a man to refer to or address his father's or his mother's
older sister

'apkog s- Stat [sgs Neutr: indef s-'apkog; def s-'apkog=k. Interr: s-'apkog=kahim.
Dur: s-'apkog=ka-d]: pls: 'a'apkoag): to be in good condition, accessible, practicable ex: No s'apkog hega'i vo:g? Is that road in good condition? No s'a'apkoag hegam vopog? Are those roads in good condition? Cum 'o s'apkogkahim. It used to be in good condition. Cum 'o s'a'apkoagkahim. They used to be in good condition. pi 'apkog Stat Expr: to be inaccessible ex: Pi hega'i 'apkog hega'i do'ag mas haskoji 'am o 'i ce. That mountain is inacessible from all sides (nowhere is that mountain acessible, from whatever side it is climbed).

'apkoji s- Adj [pl: s-'a'apkoji]: right

ex: s'apkoji nta: my right foot --s'apkoji mamcpu= my right arm and hand-S'a'apkoji 'eno:nhai 'ab o 'i 'u'ul! Raise your (pl) right hands!

'apkoji Postp [pl: s-'a'apkoji]: on/ to the right side of obj

ex: 'An 'o sm'apkoji ve:c. It is (lying) on the right side of you(sg).-- 'An 'o sha'a'pkoji ve:c. It is(lying) on the right side of them.-- 'In 'o hob(hab) s'apkoji ve:c. It is (lying) on the right side of him/it.-- 'Im hab s'apkoji 'i vua. I put myself on the right side of him/it.

'apolad Vtr sgo (for plo see 'a'apolad) [Neutr: def 'apolad]: to put a lining in/ to
line obj ex: Nt o 'apolad g li:va. I will put a lining in may coat.

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'apolag/'asugal- toaku 'apolag N inalien [3rd pers sg: 'apolaga-j]: lining

ex: Hekhiu g li:va, 'apolagaj svia. My coat is old, its lining is torn. ki: 'apolag NExpr(?): coat of mud lining the walls of a house li:va 'apolag NExpr(?) inalien [1st pers sg: -li:va 'apolag]: coat lining

'apolag Stat [Neutr: indef 'apolag; def 'apolag=k. Interr: 'apolag=ka-him]: to be

lined, to have a lining ex: No 'ob(<'ab) ge 'apolag g mli:va? Does your coat have a lining?-- Cum ge 'apolagkahim. It used to have a lining.

'ap-':mad VComp tr sgo (for plo see 'ap-''umad) [Neutr: def and hort 'ap':mad]: to perfume obj ex: Nt o m'ap-':mad. I'll perfume you(sg).

'ap-':mad VComp reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'ap-''umad): to perfume oneself
ex: Nt o 'ap-':mad. I'll perfume myself.

'ap-''umad VComp tr plo (for sgo see 'ap-':mad) [Neutr: def and hort: 'ap''umad]: to perfume obj ex: Nt o 'em'ap-''umad. I'll perfume you (pl).

'ap-''umad VComp reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'ap-':mad): to perfume oneself 'asugal (Span: ascar; dial: 'asuga) N alien mass [distr: 'a'asugal]: granulared sugar
ex: M(<'am) g ha vua'i g 'asugal vasib 'e! Put some granulated sugar in my drink! -B(<'ab) haha vo 'i ha bek g 'e'asugalga! Bring (you sg) some of your granulated sugar!-B(<'ab) haha vo 'i ha beebe 'e'a'asugalga! Each one of you will bring some of his granulated sugar! cu'i-'asugal NExpr mass [distr: cu'i-'a'asugal]: powder sugar ex: M(<'am) g ha vua'i g cu'i-'asugal kavh:ga 'e! Put some powdered sugar in my coffee! cu:cpul-'asugal NExpr aggreg [distr: cu:cpul-'a'asugal]: sugar cubes ex: M(<'am) g ha'i ulig g cu:cpul-'asugal vasib e! Put some sugar cubes in my drink! do:dakam-'asugal NComp aggreg [distr: do:dakam-'a'asugal; reflex: 'e-do:dakam'a'asugal=ga]: sugar lumps ex: B(<'ab) haha vo 'i ha'u:'u g 'edo:dakam-'a'asugalga! Each one of you will bring some sugar lumps!

'asugal-cekku NComp indiv [pl: 'asugal-ceckku]: sugar bowl for granulated sugar 'asugal-toaku NComp indiv: sugar bowl for sugar cubes

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'a/ 'atol 'a Vtr [Neutr: indef 'a; concurs 'a-c. Dur: 'aa-d. Interr: 'aa-him]: to laugh at obj
ex: Nap si 'a? Are you laughing at me ?-- 'Oia 'am hab ab 'i 'a g 'U:pio. Then Skunk just laughed at him.--Ku ab si ha'a hegam 'u'uv. Those girls just laughed at them.--Si 'aahim. He/they have been laughing very hard at me.--Pi g 'am 'aad! Don't be laughing at me!-- 'A a:cu 'o hob(<hab) 'ac hab kaij g mje:j? What is it that your mothers are making such a noise laughing at?--Mat hema ha'icu sta:hadam o 'a:gidad, tt o 'aad. When someone says something in a funny way, we laugh at him.

'at N inalien [sg(3rd pers sg: 'ata-j, 'ata-); pl: 'a'at]: anus, rear end
ex: 'an 'ata 'an= on his/her rear end

'at N: beginning of a basket or jar 'at Stat [sg(Neutr: indef 'at; def 'at=k. Interr: 'at=ka-him]: to have an anus, rear end 'at Stat: to be the end of a story
ex: 'At o 'atk. It will be the end of the story.

'atapu Ninalien [sg(3rd pers sg: 'atapua-j); pl: 'a'atapu]: buttocks 'atc see Vtr 'atcud= to start a basket 'atcud Vtr sing (for mult see 'a'atcud) [Neur: def 'atc; hort 'atcud. Interr: 'atcuda-him]:
to start a basket, to make the bottom of a basket ex: Nt o hema 'atc. I'll start a basket.--M(<'am) g 'i hema 'atcud! Start a basket!-'Atcudahim 'a. I am starting a basket.

'atcuda N inalien sg [pl: 'a'atcuda]: bottom of a basket being made 'atgid V reflex [Neutr: def 'atg; hort 'atgid]: to shake one's rear end 'atg see Vreflex 'e-'atgid= to shake one's rear end 'atkam N subst sg [pl: 'a'atkam]: one with an anus, rear end
Kalid-'Atkam Comp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-rear-end-like-a-wagon) Li:ma-'Atkam Comp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-rear-end-like-a-grindstone) S'uam-'Atkam Comp(?): a nickname (one-with-a-stinking-anus)

'atol N mass alien/inalien [3rd pers sg: 'atol=ga-j/'atoli-j; distr: 'a'ato'ol]: gravy
ex: Sna:k 'a g 'atol. I like gravy. vihog 'atol NComp(?): mesquit beans gravy ex: S'iov 'o g vihog-'atol. The gravy made out of mesquite beans tastes sweet.

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'atol/'a'ada 'atol see V intr 'atolt= to make gravy 'atolt Vintr Unit (for Distr see 'a'ato'olt) [Neutr: def 'atol; hort 'atolt]: to make gravy
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) 'atol. I'll make some gravy.--M(<'am) g ha 'atolt! Make some gravy!

'atolta M mass inlien [distr: 'a'ato'olta]: gravy in the process of being made 'atoa N inalien indiv [pl: 'aatoa]: loin cloth; diaper 'atoat V sing: to make a loin cloth, a diaper 'atoad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort atoad]: to put a loin cloth/ a diaper on obj 'atoad Vreflex: to put a loin cloth/ a diaper on oneself 'atva V intr Unit (for Repet see 'atvup): to sit down hard, to bump one's seat
ex: Si 'atva 'ant. I sat down hard.-- 'Atva 'ant 'ab daikut'ab. I bumped my seat against the chair.

'atvup V intr Repet (for Unit see 'atva) [Neutr: def and indef 'atvup. Interr: 'atvupahim]: to sit down hard, bump one's seat, repeatedly ex: Cum 'o hekid 'ab si 'atvup 'ab ha'icuk 'ab. He is always bumping his seat hard agains something.

'auppa (dial: 'aoppa) N indiv [sg(3rd pers sg: 'auppa=ga-j; loc: 'auppa-t-'am); pl:
'a'uppa]: cottonwood tree (Populus detroites Marsh)

'auppag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'a'uppag): to be full of cottonwoods in
one location

'auppa-hiosig NComp: cottonwood catkins 'a'abkam see N 'abkam= relative 'a'ada see N ianlien 'a:da= palate 'a'ada Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'a:j) sgs: to put obj around one's neck repeatedly 'a'ada Vreflex impers Repet [Neutr: def 'e-'a'ada]: to get put around the neck repeatedly
ex: Mo 'on(<'an) 'e'a'ada. (A necklace is) that which gets put around the neck repeatedly.

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'a'ada/ 'a'aga 'a'ada Vtr [Neutr: def 'a'ada. Interr: 'a'ada-him]: to devine the cause of a sickness
ex: Ma:kai 'at o 'a'ada 'i:da'a mumkidag. The medicine man is going to devine the cause of this sickness.--'Am 'o 'a'adahim. He has been devining the cause of it.

'a'ada N: act of devining the cause of a sickness 'a'adame Vtr Unit [Neutr: def 'a'adam]: to go and devine the cause of a sickness
ex: Ma:kai 'at 'am o 'a'adam. The medicine man will go down there to devine the cause of it (the sickness).

'a'ada i'ok NExpr(?): devining speech (given to help the medicine man get power to
devine the cause of a sickness)

'a'aavig s-Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'aavig): to be full of buffalo gourds in
several locations ex: a 'a(<'o) va 'i s'a'aavig. It's full of buffalo gourds all over.

'a'ao see 'a:o= parrot; peacock 'a'aog s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'a''aog): to be full of parrots, peacocks,
in a single location

'a'ag (redupl of *'a:g) N inalien [sing (3rd pers sg: 'a'aga-j); mult: 'a''ag]: a pair of horns
(belonging to an animal) ex: Hegam haiva ha'a''ag smu'umk. The horns of those cows are pointed.

'a'ag Stat [pls: 'a''ag]: to have a pair of horns (said of an animal)

ex: Hega'i haiva ce'ecev 'a'ag. This cow has a pair of long horn.-- Hegam haiva ce'ecev 'a''ag. Those cows have long horns.

'a'aga Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'a:g) [Neutr: indef 'a'aga. Interr: 'a'aga-him. Dut: 'a'agad]: to point at obj repeatedly ex: 'An 'o 'a'aga do'agt'ab. He is pointing at the mountain.-- N(<'an) 'ap si 'a'aga. You are pointing right at me, -- 'An 'a'agahim 'o. He has been pointing at it.-- N(<'an) g ab 'i 'a'agad! Keep on pointing at it!

'a'aga see N 'a:ga= a piece of news; story, tale 'a'aga vu hab/has StatExpr: with hab: to have a certain (specified) name; with has: to
have a certain (unspecified or strange) name ex: K has u 'a'aga 'i:da'a? What is the name of this?

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'a'aga 'a'aga hab/has VExpr tr [Neutr: indef hab/has 'a'aga]: to call obj a certain way
ex: P(<kup) has 'a'aga hega'i? How do you call that?-- mo hob(<hab) hi va ha'a'aga g 'O'odham 'a:o. which the 'O'odham call parrots. --B(<hab) 'ac 'a'aga Teresa. We call her Teresa.-- k 'emo:ms vo ha'a'agad. and she will be calling them her grandchildren. -- Pi 'i(<'a) ma:c mats has 'a'aga. I don't know how they call it.

'a'aga hab VExpr reflex [Neutr: indef hab 'e-'a'aga]: to call each other by a certain name
(with a noun in apposition) ex: Pi ma:c matp hab 'e'a'aga 'i:mig, 'i:mig. They don't know how to call each other relative, my relative.

'a'aga hab/has VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see hab/has 'a:g ) [Neutr: indef
hab/has 'a'aga]: with hab: to call obj a certain specified way repeatedly; with has: to call obj a certain unspecified or strange way ex: Heg 'o cum hekid hab 'a'aga s'iattomkam. He calls me a liar all the time.

'a'aga hab/has Vreflex impers [Neutr: def and indef hab/has 'a'aga. Interr hab/has
'a'aga-him. Dur: hab/has ' a' aga- d]: with hab: to be called a certain specified way; with has: to be called a certain unspecified or strange way ex: K has 'e'a'aga h eg a ' i ' / a ' o 'o ( < 'e ) 'a 'a g a hega' i? / a:cu 'o hob(<hab) 'e'a'aga hega'i,? How is that called? a: ' o 'e ' a ' ag a ' O' o d hamaj? How is it called in 'O'odham? Ha'ap 'o masma hab 'e'a'aga. That is the way it is called. M(<' am) ' ant o smai mas has ' e' a'aga 'i:da'a 'u'uvhig. I would like to find out how this bird is called. Go:kpa hab hi va ' e 'a'aga hega'i. I think it has two names (is called two ways). Ha'ap 'o 'e'a'agahim. That's how it used to be called. B(<hab) 'at o 'e'a'agad hab masma. It will be called that way.

' a ' a g a hab VExpr tr [Neutr: def and indef hab 'a'aga. Interr: hab 'a'aga-him. Dur: hab
'a'aga-d]: to discuss/ talk about obj ex: ia tp 'oia 'am hab haha ' i ' a' aga g hemajkam. Well, then the people talked about him. ia matp g' amje ' an hab ' i 'a'aga 'idam hemajkam. Well, from then on these people talked about him/it. ..c hekaj ' i hab m'a'aga. .. and that is why they are talking about you here. Hu unk ' att ' i o tnam k ' am o 'a'aga 'ab 'amje g vavhai. This evening we are going to meet and discuss the question of the well. 'Am hab hi a(<va) cum na:nko masma ' am ' i ' a' aga mat hab o juk o mua. They discussed various ways in which to kill him. Hek hu 'a'agahim 'o g hemajkam. The people have already been discussing him/it. Pi g 'am hu ge 'a'agad, pi 'i ( < 'a ) a 'i s k a i m ! D o n 't ( you sg) be talking about it, I don't want to listen to it!

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'a'aga/ 'a'agamkam 'a'aga hab VExpr reflex [Neutr: def and indef hab 'e-'a'aga]: to discuss a certain
topic ex: Hek hu sma:c mo hob(<hab) a(<va) masma ' am 'e'a'aga g hemajkam. He already knew what (how) the people had discussed.

'a'aga hab VExpr intr impers Repet (for Unit see hab 'a:g ): to be said, reported,
repeatedly ex: K hab hi va 'a'aga hi va'a. And (I think) it is always said that way indeed. ia k hab 'a'aga mo hemu 'ida 'an ma:s hega'i Ho'o k ' a b a ' i . W e l l , i t i s s a i d that to this day she is visible up there, that Witch.

'a'aga Vtr mult (for sing see 'a:g) [Neutr: indef ' a'aga. Interr 'a'aga-him]: to tell a
story, to sing a song, several times in a row ex: G 'o hu 'a'aga g e'i. Over there he/they sing a song. M(<'am) 'at o 'a'agahid g e'ei. They are going to be singing songs (with interruptions). M(<'am) g ab ' i 'a 'a g a d g e' i! Keep on singing the song! ia, b(<hab) 'o hi va masma hab 'a'agak hegam mo sma:c g ha'icu-'a:ga. Well, this is how they tell it (I think), those who know the story. 'Id 'a'agahim. This he sang repeating it over and over.

'a'aga has VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see has 'a:g) [Neutr: indef has 'a'aga]: to gossip
about obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o cum hekid has 'a 'a g a . H e gossips about me each time.

'a'aga in ha'icu 'a'aga 'ab hema vui VExpr: to ask somebody's advice, to go to
somebody for advice ex: Kuc ' a:cim ' i va mvui ' a' aga ha'icu mo heba'i ha'icu sta'e:bidam 'evua. We go to you for advice whenever something frightening happens.

'a'aga in hejel 'e-'a'aga VExpr reflex [Neutr: def and indef hejel 'e-'a'aga] : to
discuss a matter among each other ex: Matt a(<va) hejel 'am o 'i t'a'aga. We are going to discuss (the matter) among ourselves.

'a'aga in na:nko 'a'aga VExpr tr Repet (for Unit see na:nko 'a:g) [Neutr:
indef na:nko 'a'aga]: to make fun of obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o cum hekid na:nko 'a'aga. He makes fun of me each time

'a'agam N subst: one with a pair of horns 'a'agamk see Stat s-cu-'a:gimk= to be talkative, a gossip 'a'agamkam see N subst s - cu - 'a :g im k a m = gossipy one

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'a'agam-/ 'a'agva 'a'agam-ko'ov N C o m p i n d i v [ p l : ' a ' a g a m - ko:ko'ov]: a variety of venomous

snakes, sidewinder

'a'agckva Vtr pls (for sgs see 'agckv a): to gore obj
ex: T o 'om(<' em)'a'agckva g totolo. The bulls are going to gore you(pl)

'a'agid in Ho'ok 'a'agid/ 'a'agid g Ho'ok VExpr dtr [Neutr: def 'a'ag; hort
'a'agid] to tell the Witch story to obj ex: Nt o Ho'ok m'a'ag. I will tell you the Witch story. M(<' am) g ' i ' a' ag id g Ho' ok! Tell me the Witch story!

'a'agid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see 'a:gid; for Distr see 'a:'agid ): to tell something
to obj repeatedly ex: Gm hu si hahuhu'uidc ha'a'agid. Chasing them away, he tells it to them repeatedly.

'a'agim s- Adv [pl: s-'a''agim]: secretly, in secret (same as s-'a'ag)

ex: S'a'agim 'ant 'am me: Cuk-on vui. I drove secretly to Tucson. S'a''agim 'am memea Cuk-on vui. He repeatedly drives secretly to Tucson.

'a'agim s- Stat: to be a secret

ex: 'Id 'o s'a'agim. This is a secret.

'a'agimk see Stat s-cu-'a:gimk= to be talkative, a gossip 'a'agimkam see N subst s-cu-'a:gimkamk = gossipy one 'a'ag s- Adv [pl: s-'a''ag]: secretly, in secret (same as s-'a'agim)
ex: S'a'ag 'ant 'am me: Cuk-on vui. I drove secretly to Tucson.

'a'agka see N 'agka= a big light grey lizard 'a'agli see N 'a:gli= acre 'a'ago s- Adv [distr: s'a''ago]: in a secret place
ex: S' a' ago ' ot(<' at) ' e' e'esto. He/they hid in a secret place. 'I m h u s ' a ' a g o ' e ' e : s t o k c . H e / they stay(s) hidden back there in a secret place. S'a'ago 'o(<'a) da. I am sitting in a secret place. S'a''ago 'ot(<'at) 'e'e'esto. He/they hid in several secret places.

'a'agpaag see Stat s-'agpaag= to be sloping 'a'agva Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'agva): to avenge oneselve
ex: Tt o a t'a'agva. We will avenge ourselves. Pi g o ' om(<' am) ' e' a' agva! Don' t avenge yourselves!

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'a'ahe/ 'a'ahidag 'a'ahe Vtr [Neutr: def ' a' ahe. Correl: 'a'ahe-k. Dur: 'a'ahe-d. Interr: 'a'a-him]: to
reach, catch up with, get to be ahead of, obj ex: M'a'ahe 'ant. I caught up with you. Pi 'ipt(<'apt) o 'a'ahe. You(sg) will not be ahead of me. Pi 'int(<'ant) 'a'ahe. I can't reach it (did not reach it). Gm hu si 'i 'a'ahi ma 'am h e b a ' i g ha n am k e: k . He was about to reach the place where there was a cholla. 'A'ahim 'attp hu 'i 'ama'i. Maybe we are almost there. T'a'ahim 'o. He is catching up with us. (<ku) a(<va) 'ea 'i ha'oidc ha'a'ahim. But they were right behind them. ... c ' i:da' a mat hekid ' ab o ' i ' a'ahed g Ho' ok. ... and every time this reaches the Witch ... 'Ab 'a'ahek 'am hae:nc hegam ' eooiga. Having reached the top (up there), they released their pets. Kupt ababa 'i has 'ejuk 'ab o 'a 'a h e k o e i . B u t i t i s impossible f or you(sg) having reached her, to see her.

'a'ahe Vtr impers: to get to be some body's turn

ex: 'Atp hems 'am 'i himdam 'ab o 'i t'a'ahe. Perhaps one day, it will be our turn. Tp 'ab haha 'ep hi 'a'ahe mantp 'am has 'ep hi o cum nju:. (I think) It is now my turn to try to do my best.

'a'ahe (redupl of *'ahe) Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-'a'ahe. Interr: 'e-'a'a- him]: to
get to be a certain period of time ex: Hemako 'ola 'atk 'e'a'ahe. It is one o'clock. Cum ' alo ' at ' i 'i ( < 'e ) 'a 'a h e g 'o:la. It is almost time. Koi 'at 'ab hu a ' i ' i(<' e)' a' ahe m at 'ea o nonhat g 'u'uvhig. It is not yet the time when birds hatch. 'Ea 'o 'o(<'e)'a'ahim mat o jiva. But it is getting close to the time when he comes.-- 'E-'etk(<'atk)-'e'a'ahe mamt has o 'o(<'e)ju:. It is time for you(pl) to do something.

'a'ahe Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'a''ahe) [Neutr: def and indef 'a'ahe. Dur:
'a'ahea-d]: to reach obj reiteratedly ex: .. c pi ha'a'ahe. ..and she does not catch u p w i t h a n y o f t h e m . . . c 'i:da'a mat hekid 'ab o 'i 'a'ahead heg Ho'ok t hesg hejel o je:j. ..and whenever this reaches the Witch, she alone will smoke it.

'a'ahe Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'a'ahe. Dur: 'e-'a'ahea-d]: to get to be a certain time
reiteratedly ex: Koi 'am hu 'e'a'ahe mat 'am o ho(<ha)e:nc. It is not yet their t u r n t o t h r o w t h e m . . . m o hekid g 'ahidag 'e'a'ahe mo babbhe g bahidaj. ..when it is the time of the year when the saguaro fruits ripen. B(<'ab) o 'i 'i(<'e) 'a'ahead g 'ahidag kunt o babbed. Every year I will ripen.

'a'ahid see N 'ahid= year 'a'ahidag see N 'ahidag= year

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'a'ahidag/ 'a'aigoji 'a'ahidag in ves 'a'ahidag Adv Expr: every year

ex: Ves 'a'ahidag vo 'o:'oa g 'ehuhuga. Every year, they (people from different places) will harvest their corn.

'a'ahidkam see 'ahidkam= yearling 'a'ahim see Vtr 'a'ahe= to reach obj 'a'ai Adv: each one of two
ex: c 'in 'a'ai 'u'a. ... and he carries them in each hand. Scu'ucvidk 'a'ai si nceka. On each of my shoulders he drew a line. ia k venog 'am hab o 'i 'a'ai himk Well, and after each of them had gone his own way

'a'ai Adv: in various directions

ex: ia k a(<va) voho 'am hu 'a'ai himtok 'eki:k vui... Well, and indeed after all of them had gone to their respective houses ... 'An 'a'ai hab 'i 'i(<'e)ju:. They spread out in all directions. C hekaj hab a(<va) 'i masma mamt gm hu 'a'ai hab a(<va) 'i havui 'ejuk. And therefore the only thing for you(pl) to do is to disperse yourselves. Gm hu ' a' ai hab ' i ju: g m a t a i . He/they dispersed the ashes. Matp haha himhimk 'a'ai bi:bij. After going there, they surrounded him from all sides.

'a'ai Adv: back and forth, to and fro, in and out

ex: 'A 'a'ai 'oimme. I am walking back and f orth. -- 'U'us 'a'ai si heve. The trees are swinging back and forth in the wind. Vab 'in ' a' ai hab o 'o(<'e)vuad 'i:da'a do'ag. This mountain will just sway to and fro. C 'ab gi'ikko 'a'ai 'i 'i(<'e)vamgid. And four times he goes up and down. 'An hi a(<va) 'a'ai dade. It kept flying back and forth (I don't know why)'An hi a(<va) 'a'ai hihhim. He kept walking back and forth (I don't know why).

'a'ai Adv (with reflexive verb or postposition): one another

ex: B(<hab) 'o kaij 'ab 'a'ai 'evui. They say to one another. 'A'ai 'o 'o(<'e)ceggia'a. They are fighting with one another.

'a'ai Postp: one each side of, both sides of obj

ex: 'a'ai= on each side of me-- 'In 'a'ai vo 'al je:jega. One each side of it, he will pierce a kind of hole. 'ana'i hua mat 'am 'a'ai vo je:jegk. there, in the middle, on each side of which there will be a hole.

'a'aigo see Postp 'aigo = on the other side of obj 'a'aigo see Adv 'aigo= over, on the opposite side 'a'aigoji see Postp 'aigoji= on the other side of obj

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'a'aiji/ 'a'alga 'a'aiji Adv: from all over, from all directions
ex: 'A'aiji 'i hihi. They had come f rom all directions . (<ku) 'ab hi va cum ulig 'a'aiji. It is said that they tried in vain to shoot at him from all directions.

'a'aj N: kindling wood 'a'aj see Adj 'aj= narrow 'a'ajcu see N 'ajcu= thin one 'a'ajida Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ajida): to become narrower, thinner
'a'ajij see Stat 'ajij= to be narrow

'a'ajijka Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ajijka): to become narrow, thin 'a'ajijkad Vtr plo (for sgo 'ajijkad ): to narrow obj 'a'ajijkadaku see N 'ajijkadaku: chisel 'a'ajijkajid Vtr and dtr plo (for sgo see 'ajijkajid ) [Neutr: def ' a' ajijkaj; hort
'a'ajijkajid]: to narrow obj, to narrow obj for someone

'a'ajim see Adj s-'ajim= thin 'a'ajimk see Stat s-'ajimk= to be thin 'a'akidag see Stat Expr vu 'akidag= to be a wash 'a'akig see Stat intr 'akig= there is a wash, arroyo 'a'akimel see N 'akimel= river 'a'akimelig s- Stat impers: to be full of streams, rivers 'a'ak see N 'ak= wash, arroyo 'a'al see N alien 'ali= child 'a'alcu see N 'alicu= youngest, smallest one 'a'alcu see Stat Expr vu 'alicu= to be the youngest, smallest 'a'alga see Stat 'aliga= to have a child 'a'alga s- Stat: to have many children (used only about a woman)
ex: S' a' alga ' o. She has many children.

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'A'al Hihi'a/ 'a'am[]cud 'A'al Hihi'a/-Hiha'i NComp [loc: 'A'al-Hihi'a-t-'am]: name of a shrine near
Santa Rosa (Children's Graves)

'a'alidag see N 'alidag= child 'a'alidag see Stat Expr vu 'alidag= to be the child, descendant (of a man) 'a'alidag see Stat 'alidag= to have a child 'a'alidag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of children in one location
'a'alidagba see N inalien 'alidagba= deceased child (of a man)

'a'alidkam 'e- N subst: father and child 'a'alidt Vintr mult (for sing see 'alidt): to procreate, to get children (a man) 'a'aliag see Stat s-'aliag= to be childish 'a'alim s- Stat [sg (Neutr: indef 'a'alim; def s-'a'alim=k Interr: s-'a'alim=ka-him);
pls: s-'a''alim]: to be babyish ex: S'a'alim 'o. He is babyish. S'a''alim 'o. They are babyish.

'a'alivhhana see N 'alivh:na= elephant 'a'alma s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-'a'alma; def and hort s-'a'alma=k. Interr: s'a'alma=ka-him); pls: s-'a''alma]: to be a cry-baby ex: S'a'alma 'o. He is a cry-baby. Pi g 'am 'a'almakad! Don't be a cry-baby!

'a'almakam s- N subst sg [pl: 'a''almakam]: cry-baby 'a'alpa see N alien 'a:lpa= harp 'a'amc see Vtr 'a'amcud = to figure out obj 'a'amcud see semi Stat s-cu-'amcud= to be learned, clever, intelligent 'a'am[]cud Vtr [Neutr: def 'a'am[]c. Correl: 'a' am[]cud - k. Dur: ' a' am[] cuda-d]:
to figure out obj ex: 'Am haha 'i 'a'amc g 'U:pio mat has masma ab spehegim o bei g cu:kug. Then, Skunk figured out an easy way of getting the meat. Nt o ha'icu 'i 'a'amc 'ab g'amje 'i:da'a i'ok. I want to find out something about this word. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'a' amcudad , tp(<kutp) hems u(<o) a(<va) 'amc. Keep on figuring it out, maybe you will understand it. Tt(<kutt) haha vo 'i 'a'amcudk 'am haha vo m'a:g. After we have figured it out we will tell it to you.

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'a 'a m je kam / 'a'anag 'a 'a m je kam see N subst 'amjekam= descendant 'a'amo see N inalien 'a:mo= boss, master 'a'amo see Vintr 'a'amog= to make an announcement 'a'amog Vintr pls (for sgs see 'am og ) [Neutr: def ' a' amo; indef ' a' a mog : to
make an announcement ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'ab o 'a'amo. Soon they are going to make an announcement up there.-- 'Ab 'o 'a'amoghim. They have been making an announcement up there.

'a'amogid Vtr pls (for sgs see 'am ogid ) [Neutr: def 'a'amog; indef
'a'amogid]: to make an announcement to obj

'a'an N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: 'a'ana-j); pl/distr: 'a''an]: a pair of wings
ex: Has 'i ma:s 'u'uvhig 'o 'egid g 'a'an. Any kind of bird has a pair of wings.

'a'an N aggreg: feathers of the wings

ba'ag-'a'an NComp inalien [lst pers sg: -ba'ag-'a'an]: eagle feathers ba'ag-'a'an Stat Comp: to have eagle feathers ex: (<ku) hab ge ba'ag-'a'an 'im ke:c 'emo'o da:m. He had (unexpectedly) eagle feathers set up on the back of his head.

'a'an Stat sgs [pls: 'a''an]: to have wing feathers (a bird)

ex: a 'i si skeg 'a'an. It has/they have beautiful feathers. Ku heg pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha 'a'an hega'i Tova. Turkey had no feathers left on (him).

'a'an vu Stat Expr: to be the feathers of a bird 'a'anam N subst: one with wings; one with wing feathers
sto:ta 'a'anam u:g NComp: white-feathered mockingbird

'a'anam-toto N Comp aggreg: a variety of ants (feathered ants) 'a'anc see Vtr 'a'ancud= to put feathers on obj, to fletch an arrow 'a'ancud Vtr [Neutr: def 'a'anc.] : to put feathers on obj, to fletch an arrow (same as
'a'anad)

'a'anad Vtr [Neutr: def and indef 'a'anad] : to put feathers on obj, to fletch an arrow
(same as 'a'ancud)

'a'anag Stat: to have feathers on, to be fletched (about an arrow)

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'a'ant/ 'a'ascud 'a'ant Vintr [Neutr: def 'a'ant. Interr: 'a'anta-him]: to grow (about feathers)
ex: Tp(<kutp) 'ea 'am a 'al 'i ge'egek 'ab 'i 'a'ant. But after (the birds) got somewhat bigger, their feathers grew. 'A'antahim 'o. Its feathers are growing (with interruptions).

'a'ailo see N inalien 'ailo= ring 'a'ailmagim see Adv s-'a:lmagim= blue-like 'a'aimag see Stat s-'a:lmag= to be bluish, light blue 'a'ap see Adj s'ap= good 'a'ape see Stat s-'ape= to be good 'a'apecud Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'ap[e]cud) [Neutr: indef 'a'apecud. Interr:
'a'apecuda-him]: to help obj out repeatedly ex: Kup 'am 'i t'a'apecud. You(sg) have always helped us out. Nt 'am o a(<va) 'i 'em'a'apecud. I will always help you(pl) out. Nt 'am o a(<va) 'em'a'apecudahi. I will always be helping you(pl) out (with interruptions)

'a'apet Vtr impers plo (for sgo see 'apet) [Neutr: def 'a'apet. Interr: 'a'apeta-him]: to
make obj get well ex: T(<kut) o a(<va) 'am(<'em)'a'apet. It will make you(pl) get well.

'a'apet Vintr pls (for sgs see 'apet) [Neutr: def 'a'apet]: to get well, to recover
ex: Hegam 'at o 'a'apet. They will recover.

'a'apkoag see Stat s-'apkog= to be in good condition, accessible 'a'apkoji see Adj s-'apkoji= right 'a'apkoji see Postp s-'apkoji= on/ to the right of obj 'a'apolad Vtr plo (for sgo see 'apolad): to line obj 'a'appe Vtr [Neutr: def 'a'appe. Interr: 'a'appe-him. Dur: 'a'appe-d]: to try out obj
ex: T(<kut) hab masma 'am 'i 'a'appe 'i:da'a. That is how they tried this out. 'A'appehim 'a 'i:da'a ya:v. I have been trying out this key. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'a'apped 'i:da'a ya:v! Keep on trying out this key!

'a'appem Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'a'appe; hort 'e-'a'appem]: to try on a dress

ex: Nt o 'a'appe. I'll try it on B(<'ab) g 'e'a'appem! (you sg) try it on! B(<'ab) g o 'o(<'e)'a'appem! (you pl) try it on!

'a'ascu see Vtr 'a'ascud= to make obj laugh 'a'ascud Vtr [Neutr: def 'a'ascu; indef and hort 'a'ascud] : to make obj laugh
ex: T o m'a'ascu. It/he will make you laugh.

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'a'ascuda/ 'a'ato'olt 'a'ascuda N: act of making obj laugh

ex: Heg 'o sma:c g 'a'ascuda. He knows how to make one laugh.

'a'askima s-ta- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-ta-'a'askima; def s-ta-'a'askima=k. Interr: s-ta'a'askim[a]=ka-him. Dur: s-ta-'a'askim[a]=ka-d]: to be funny ex: No sta'a'askima? Is it/he funny? a 'a(<'o) va 'i sta'a'askima. It/he is quite funny. Sta-'o-'a'askim[a]kahim. It/he used to be funny. Mat hema ha'icu vo ei t o sta'a'askimakad, t o hehemad. When someone sees something that is funny, he laughs.

'a'assi s- semi Stat tr [Neutr: def and hort 'a'assi. Interr: 'a'ass[i]-him, 'a'assi=ka-him]: to
make fun of/ laugh at obj ex: 'Oia 'am s'a'assi g Tova. Then Turkey laughed at him. T o s'a'assi. He is going to laugh at me. T o st'a'assi. He is going to laugh at us. Pi g 'am s'a'assi! Don't laugh at me! Vat o s'a'asshid. He is going to be laughing at me. Cum 'o s'a'assikahim. He used to laugh at me.

'a'assim s- Stat [Neutr: indef 'a'assim; def 'a'assim=k. Interr: 'a'assim=ka-him]: to feel
like making fun of obj ex: Nap s'a'assim? Do you feel like making fun of me? Nap s'a'assimkahim. Have you been feeling like making fun of me?

'a'assimk s-cu- Stat [Neutr: indef s-cu-'a'assimk] : to be one who laughs easily at things
ex: Heg 'o scu'a'assimk/ha'icu s'a'assimk. He is one who laughs easily at things.

'a'assimkam s-cu- N subst: one who laughs easily at things 'a'asugal see N 'asugal= granulated sugar 'a'at see N 'at= anus, seat 'a'atapu see N 'atapu= buttock 'a'atapuam N subst: one with buttocks
Pa:n-'A'atapuam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-buttocks-like-buns)

'a'atcud Vtr mult (for sing see 'atcud) [Neutr: def 'a'atc; hort 'a'atcud]: to start a
basket, to make the bottom of a basket ex: Nt ab o ho(<ha)'a'atc. I'll just start several baskets.

'a'ato'ol see N 'atol= gravy 'a'ato'olt Vintr Distr (for Unit see 'atolt): to make gravy
ex: N(<'an) haha vo 'a'ato'oltk 'i o 'i hemapa. After each one of you has made gravy, gather here.

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'a'ato'olta/ 'a''uag 'a'ato'olta see N 'atolta= gravy in the process of being made 'a'u (dial: 'a'o, 'a'olha) N aggreg: agave, century plant, mescal (Agave palmeri)
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'a'u ma 'ab him. I saw a few agave as I was coming (on foot).

'a'uag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'a''uag): to be full of agave in one
location

'a'uppa see N 'auppa= cottonwood tree 'a'uppag s- impers Distr (for Unit see s-'auppag): to be full of cottonwood trees in
several locations

'a''ad Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'a:'ad) [Neutr: indef 'a''ad. Dur: 'a''adad]: to send obj
repeatedly ex: M(<'am) 'a cum hekid 'a''ad. I send him there repeatedly. B(<'ab) 'apt ab o 'i 'a''adad! Keep on sending him here repeatedly!

'a''aog s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'a'aog): to be full of parrots, peacocks,
in several locations

'a''ag see N 'a'ag= a pair of horns 'a''ag see Stat 'a'ag= to have horns 'a''agim see Adv s-'a'agim= secretly 'a''ag see Adv s-'a'ag= secretly 'a''ago see Adv s-'a'ago= in a secret place 'a''ahe Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'a'ahe) [Neutr: indef 'a''ahe; concurs 'a''ahe-c]: to
reach obj one after the other ex: Ha'a''ahec 'am da'ibbim hahugid 'an. He reaches them one after the other and overtakes them one after the other

'a''alim see Stat s-'a'alim= to be babyish 'a''alma see Stat s-'a'alma= to be a cry-baby 'a''almakam see N subst s-'a'almakam= cry-baby 'a''an see N 'a'an= a pair of wings; feathers of the wings 'a''askima see Stat s-ta-'a'askima= to be funny 'a''uag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'a'uag): to be full of agave in several
locations

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a:/ 'a:g 'a:-

a: see Vtr 'a:g= to tell obj what to do 'a:cim Pers Pron emphatic [instr: 'a:cim-kaj]: we, us
ex: 'A:cim 'ac u hejel-vi'ikam. We are orphans.

'a:da N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'a:da-j); pl: 'a'ada]: palate 'a:da Stat [Neutr: indef 'a:da; def 'a:da=k. Interr: 'a:da=ka-him. Dur: 'a:da=ka-d]: to have
a palate ex: Heg 'o pi ha 'a:da. He does not have a palate.

'a:dka'i see Vtr 'a:j= to put obj around one's neck 'a:doka'i see Vtr 'a:j= to put obj around one's neck 'a:o N indiv alien [sg (lrst pers sg -'a:o=ga); pl: 'a'ao]: parrot; peacock 'a:g Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'a'aga) [Neutr: def 'a:; hort 'a:g]: to point at obj (used with
locative 'an) ex: N(<'an) 'apt o 'a: 'ana'i hega'i do'ag! You(sg) will point at that mountain! N(<'an) g 'a:g! Point at that mountain!

'a:g Vtr [Neutr: def 'a:. Correl: 'a:g-k. Interr: 'a:ga-him]: to say something
ex: Sbi:tovi mantp o 'a:. It stinks, I might say. C has masma 'am 'a:gahim 'i:da'a kc u hega'i kaidag. And the way (whatever it is) in which I have been saying this is the way I heard it (is my hearing). Hema 'at 'am o 'a:gk gavul kaidam 'am o 'a: 'i:da'a ha'icu'a:ga. Someone might tell this story differently.

'a:g Vtr sing (for mult see 'a'aga) [Neutr: def 'a:; hort 'a:g. Interr: 'a:ga-him]: to tell a
story, to sing a song, once ex: M(<'am) g hema 'a:g g e'i! Sing (you sg) a song! M g ab 'i 'a:gahim! Keep on (you sg) telling it (a story)/ singing it (a song)! M(<'am) 'ant o 'i cum 'a:gahi, t(<kut) gami hu heba'i pi vo ha ku:gt. If I tried to tell it (the whole story), there would not be any end to it. M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'i 'a:gahid. I'll keep on telling it (the story). M(<'am) g ab 'i 'a:gahid! Keep on (you sg) telling it (the story)!

'a:g Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'a:; indef 'e-'a:g. Interr: 'e-'a:ga-him. Dur: 'e-'a:ga-d]: to talk
about oneself, to confide ex: Pt 'am ab o 'o(<'e)'a:! Just talk about yourself (without hiding anything)! Kupt 'am ab o 'o(<'e)'a: map hascu 'i hab 'i kaijihim! Just tell (him) about yourself the various

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'a:g
things you have been saying (to me)! 'Am 'e'a:g mo hebi(<heba'i) u ki:kam. They reveal where they live. Gm hu 'e'a:gahim mat has masma 'am hab 'eju:. He revealed what had happened (to him) over there. Pt 'am ab o 'o(<'e)'a:gad! Be confiding (telling about yourself)!

'a:g in 'e-cu'ijig-'a:g VComp reflex [Neutr: def 'e-cu'ijig-'a:]: to confess

ex: Hekid 'apt 'i 'i(<'e)cu'ijig-'a:? When did you last confess?

'a:g hab VExpr tr [Neutr: def hab 'a:; indef hab 'a:g. Interr: hab 'a:ga-him; concurs hab
'a:ga-him-c]: to tell obj what to do ex: B(<hab) 'a kaij hega'i Ban, b(<hab) 'a 'a:g hega'i Tova. This is what (thus) Coyote says; this is what (thus) he tells Turkey to do. ia c 'am haha hi: g Ban k hab ha'a:g ... Well, and then Coyote went down there and this is what (thus) he tells them to do ... ia (<'a) hab masma hab 'a:g ha'ap ... Well, this is what (thus, in that manner) he tells them to do B(<hab) 'ant o ho(<ha)'a:. This is what I will tell them to do. Hab o 'o(<'e)ju: ma 'am hu hab 'em'a:g! Do as I told you(pl)! Matp pi 'im(<'am) hu hab o a 'eju: hab masma ma has 'i 'a:g, kunt 'am o mua. If he does not behave the way I told him to, I will kill him. ia b(<hab) 'a 'i 'a:gahim. Well, this is what he had been telling him to do. B(<hab) 'a masma hab ha'a:gahimc gm hu hihi 'u:pam. He told them what to do as they went back home (hearsay).

'a:g hab Vtr [Neutr: def hab 'a:; indef hab 'a:g; concurs hab 'a:g-c]: to tell obj that ...
(with relative clause) ex: Kumt hab o 'a:gidk hab o 'a: "mo 'i mvaid g hemajkam"! Having told her about it, you(pl) will tell her "that the people are inviting you". Ku ghekaj ab 'i na:nko ha'a:gc hab ha'a:g ma ab hejel 'ehohoig. Therefore (hearsay), making fun of them, they say that they are married to each other. Kupt 'am hab ab o 'a: g ba:b mant pi 'im(<'am) hu o hi:. Just tell my grandfather that I do not want to go down there. B(<hab) 'a 'a:g mat o vuha si'alim. I told him to wake me up tomorrow. Pt(<kupt) 'ea hab o a(<va) 'a: mapt o ho:nt. But, tell her that you want to marry her. Kupt hab o 'a: g 'oks mat 'am o a(<va) ha vi'i g mcu:kug. Tell my (the) wife to leave me some of your flesh. Hemu hub(<hab) o m'a:, Ka:v, mapt 'am o a: 'i:da'a kaij ... Now, I'll ask you, Badger, to take these seeds in your hands ... K ababa hab o m'a: mapt 'am o a(<va) 'i himk 'am 'ep hi vo hu: g cu:kug ki: 'ama'i. But I will ask you to come down there and take your turn eating meat at my house.

'a:g hab VExpr reflex impers [Neutr: def hab 'e-'a:; indef hab 'e-'a:g. Interr: hab 'e-'a:gahim]: to get to be said, told ex: K 'am o ka: mat hascu 'am hab o 'i 'i(<'e)'a:! And listen to what will be said! Kutt 'am o 'i tnako 'ab g'amje hega'i mo 'i hab 'e'a:g 'i:ya'a! Let's get ready for that which is being said here! Va mok vu a(<va) vohogam hega'i m(<mo) 'am hab 'e'a:g. What had been said was indeed the truth. Heg 'o cum hekid 'ab kaiham mo hob(<hab) ha'icu

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'a:g
'u(<'e)'a:g radioc'e. He always listens to the news on the radio. ia k 'oia 'am hab 'egins mo 'am hab 'e'a:gahim. Well, and then they played gins against each other, as it has been told. Mat hab o 'e'a:gahid mas 'am a(<va) hascu 'i has 'eju:. Whatever happened will be told (with interruptions).

'a:g hab VExpr intr impers Unit (for Repet see hab 'a'aga): to be said, reported
ex: 'Oia 'am hab haha va:pagt mo a(<va) 'am hab a(<va) 'a:g. Then he made the holes as previously was said. Hab masma hab 'a:g ma hema u Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks c 'am heba'i ki: 'ama'i. Thus it is said that there was a certain Toa-Ku'adam 'Oks and that she lived there. ia, k hab ju: mo 'om(<'am) hu hab 'a:gahim. Well, he did what has been reported.

'a:g in ha'icu [hab] 'a:g VExpr: to say something, to ask something

ex: T(<kut) o a(<va) 'i a(<va) g 'o'o'dham jivak stahoho'idam ha'icu 'a:. A man, having recently arrived, said interesting things. 'I:da'a 'o'odham 'at o stakakaim ha'icu 'a:. This man will say interesting things. ... 'ab ha'icu 'a:gka'i 'ab 'amje 'i:da'a 'o'odham. ... having said something about this man. K hab a (<va) kaij mant 'am o 'emje:gidk 'am o 'em'a: hega'i mo hascu 'i hab 'i 'a:g. And he said that having addressed you(pl), I should tell you(pl) whatever he had said. Mant 'am ha'icu hab 'i vo 'a:, kumtp o svohoc. I would like to ask something, if you(pl) trust me. Hab kaij: "Maptp a 'ip 'enako mantp hascu 'um(<'am) hab o 'i 'a:, kunt haha vo mma: g 'aliga." He says: "If you can (do) whatever I will ask, then I will give you my child." Mo 'om(<'am) hi a(<va) ha'icu 'a:g mant heg hab o ju:. He asked that I do that. a 'at a(<va) 'i si shasigam ha'icu hub(<hab) o 'a:. I will ask something very difficult. --Nt o himk 'ab o ha'icu 'a: hegvui hega'i 'o'odham. I'll go and ask that man something.

'a:g hab VExpr tr [Neutr: indef hab 'a:g. Interr: hab 'a:ga-him. Dur: hab 'aga-d]: to mean
something, to have obj in mind ex: a:cu 'up(<'ap) hab 'a:g? What do you(sg) mean? Kup hea'i hib(<hab) 'a:g? Whom do you(sg) mean? Nap 'id hab a(<va) 'a:g? Is this what you mean? Heu'u, na a(<va) pi heg hab a(<va) 'a:g hega'i. Yes, that is indeed what I mean. Nap hab a(<va) masma hab 'a:g? Is that the way you meant it? Heu'u, b(<hab) 'a a(<va) masma hab 'a:g. Yes, that is the way I meant it. Pi'a, pi 'i(<'a) hab masma hab 'a:g. No, that's not the way I mean it. Heg hab 'a:g 'I'itoi. He/they mean 'I'itoi. B(<hab) 'o 'a:g. He means me. Ku hab 'a:g mat 'ab o 'i hi:. I mean that he should come here. B(<hab) 'a 'a:gahim. This is what (thus) I mean (have been meaning). --Gi'ik 'ahid hab o 'a:gad. He will mean (be meaning) four years. Va no hegam hab ha'a:g mo ge eiok, va no hegam hab ha'a:g mo skeg 'a'an. Either it (the word) means those who talk (unexpectedly), or it means those who have beautiful feathers.

'a:g has VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see has 'a'aga) [Neutr: indef has 'a:g. Interr: has
'a:ga-him. Dur: has 'a:ga-d]: to gossip about obj

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'a:g
ex: Nam has 'a:g? Are you(pl) gossiping about me? 'Am 'o si has 'a:g. He is/they are gossiping about me. Nam has 'a:gahim? Have you(pl) been gossiping about me? Has 'a:gahim 'o kc hema ma: g ce:gig. While he/they gossiped about him they gave him a name. T(<kut) o has 'a:gahi. He is/they will gossip about me (with interruptions). Pi g 'am has 'a:gad! Don't be gossiping about me!

'a:g hab, has VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see hab, has 'a'aga) [Neutr: def hab,has 'a:;
indef hab,has 'a:g. Interr: hab,has 'a:ga-him. Dur: hab,has 'a:gad]: to call/name obj a certain way ex: B(<hab) 'att o 'a: Teresa. We will name her Teresa.--Keli Tova, b(<hab) 'attp o 'a:. Elder Turkey, we might call him. Heg 'at hab o 'a: s'iattomkam. He is going to call me a liar. Heg 'o hob(<hab) si 'a:g s'iattomkam. He calls me a liar. Heg 'o hob(<hab) si 'a:gahim s'iattomkam. He has been calling me a liar. Pi g 'am hab 'a:gad s'iattomkam. Don't be calling me a liar.

'a:g hab VExpr reflex [Neutr: def hab 'e-'a:. Dur: hab 'e-'a:ga-d]: to give each other a
certain name (with a noun in apposition) ex: C 'ep mat 'am haha mai mat hab o 'o(<'e)'a: "navoj." And also then they learned to call each other "friend".-- Hab masma mai mat hab o 'o(<'e)'a:gad "navoj." This is how they learned to be calling each other "friend".

'a:g in hab 'e-navoj-'a:g VExpr reflex [Neutr: def hab 'e-navoj-'a:; indef hab 'enavoj-'a:g; concurs hab 'e-navoj-'a:g-c. Interr: hab 'e-havoj-'a:ga-him]: to call each other friend ex: 'Am haha mai mat hab o 'o(<'e)navoj-'a:. Then they learned to call each other friend. 'A:cim 'ac hab tnavoj-'a:g. We call each other friend. Cum hab 'enavoj-'a:gahim. They used to call each other friend. Hek hu mo hob(<hab) 'enavoj-'a:gc hemu haha pi hib(<hab) hu 'o navoj. Formerly they called each other friend, but now they are not friends.

'a:g in na:nko 'a:g VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see na:nko 'a'aga) [Neutr: indef
na:nko 'a:g; hort na:nko 'a:g; concurs na:nko 'a:g-c. Interr: na:nko 'a:ga-him. Dur: na:nko 'a:ga-d]: to make fun of obj ex: Nap na:nko 'a:g? Are you(sg) making fun of me? ... mat hek hu a(<va) 'i s'o:hodac 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga m(<mo) 'in hab na:nko 'am t'a:g g 'o'odham. I have been tired for a long time of this story in which the people make fun of us. Pi g 'am na:nko 'a:g! Don't (you sg) make fun of me! Nap na:nko 'a:gahim? Have you(sg) been making fun of me? Pi g 'am na:nko 'a:gad! Don't (you sg) be making fun of me! Ku ghekaj ab 'i na:nko ha'a:gc hab 'a:gk ma ab hejel 'ehohoig. Therefore, they were making fun of them, because they were married to each other (hearsay).

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'a:g/ 'a:ga 'a:g Vreflex [Neutr: 'e-'a:; indef 'e-'a:g]: to be sure that, to discover that, to find out that
(with a relative clause) ex: ... heghekaj ma 'am hu 'a:g mant 'am a(<va) mgevto hega'i lial. ... because I am sure that I have won the money from you(sg). 'Am ab hek hu 'e'a:g mat o koi ga hu dadak. They already knew that they would die after they arrived over there. Kut 'in haha hi va 'eeidc 'am hab a(<va) 'e'a: matp 'am hab o a(<va) 'eju:. Then, examining himself, he found out what was happening to him.

'a:g hab VExpr reflex [Neutr: hab 'e-'a:]: to decide/ make up one's mind to do something
ex: Nap koi 'am hu hab 'e'a:g? Haven't you made up your mind yet? M(<'am) 'ant ab o 'a:. I will make up my mind. ... c 'am hab 'i 'i(<'e)'a: "Mant 'id o vi'idka'i g ma'i." ... and he decided, "I will save this for my nephew." B(<hab) 'ant 'i 'a: mant 'am o va:k 'am o ei. I decided to go in there and see. 'Ab hab 'i 'i(<'e)'a: mat g'ea 'am o 'i civa. He decided to settle down inside there. Ku 'am hu heba'i hib(<hab) 'i 'i(<'e)'a:g g 'U:pio mat hab o a(<va) ha hu: g cu:kug. One day Skunk decided to eat some meat (hearsay). 'At hab 'i 'i(<'e)'a: mat g bek o hi:. He decided to take it and go (hearsay).

'a:g hab, has VExpr reflex: to have a certain impression, to wonder, to worry
ex: Nap hab 'e'a:g mat voho 'am 'ehido g tova? Do you think that the turkey is really cooked? K hab 'e'a:g mo 'om(<'am) a(<va) havemaj g hemajkam. And he/they thought that he was with the people. Hab a(<va) 'a:g "Va kutp 'e'ai mo 'ea..." I wondered, "Could it be the time when..." Hab ab 'e'a:g mat o a(<va) ei si'alim. She just thought that she would see it in the morning. Pi g has a 'i 'i(<'e)'a:gad! Don't be worrying!

'a:g in hab hi 'e-'a:g VExpr reflex: to think of doing something

ex: Heghekaj hab hi 'a:g cum hekid mantp hig ab o a(<va) hi: hasko. That is why I constantly think of just leaving. B(<hab) 'at hi ab a(<va) 'i 'i(<'e)'a:gk ga hu haha hi: 'u:pam. It is said that after thinking about it, he went back home.

'a:ga hab, has vu Stat Expr impers: with hab: to have a certain (specified) meaning;
with has: to have a certain (unspecified or strange) meaning ex: K has u 'a:ga 'i:da'a?/ a: hab u 'a:ga 'i:da'a?/ a:cu 'u(<'o) (<vu) 'a:ga 'i:da'a? What does this mean? K has u 'a:ga 'idam 'o''ohon m(<mo) 'an hab cu'ig? What do these signs that are here mean? -- Pi has u 'a:ga. It does not mean anything.-'A hab u "Ko:kog-Do'ag" c heg hab u 'a:ga mo g'an ke:k ko:sidaku-'u:s. It is referred to as "Ko:kog Mountain" and it means that on it stands the ko:sidaku bush.

'a:ga in vu hab si 'a:ga Stat Expr: to have a specified meaning, to be special

ex: ..tp 'am hab daha g hodai matp hab u si 'a:ga matp g u vuikam hega'i mat 'am hekaj o 'eohi g ginsku. ..there sat a stone which is special, which is used to hit the gins sticks with.

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'a:ga/ 'a:gas 'a:ga N sing [mult: 'a'aga]: a piece of news; story (also called ha'icu-'a:ga)
ex: T(<kut) o va hab 'eju: mat a(<va) 'am gei g 'a:ga mat o te'ic g 'I'itoi. It has just happened that the news has spread that 'I'itoi was going to sing for us. Gi'ik scuhugam 'at 'an o bei 'i:da'a 'a:ga. This story takes four nights (to be told).

'a:ga in ha'icu-'a:ga NComp inalien aggreg [2nd pers sg m-ha'icu-'a:ga]: story, tale
ex: Mat hek hu a(<va) 'i s'o:hodac 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga m'in hab na:nko 'am t'a:g g 'o'odham. I have been tired for a long time of this story in which the people right around here make fun of us. Nt o m'a:g g ha'icu-'a:ga. I will tell you a story. Shahoho'id 'a g mha'icu-'a'aga. I like your stories. Ho'ok-ha'icu-'a:ga NComp sg: the Witch's tale Vu:kam-ha'icu-'a:ga NComp sg: the Emergents' tale, 'O'odham-si-ka:cim-[ha'icu-]'a:ga NComp: 'O'odham traditional tales, legends

'a:ga in ha'icu 'a:ga NExpr inalien [1st pers sg ha'icu -'a:ga]: one's words
ex: Kut g ha'icu 'a:ga pi vo huhug. My words will not disappear.

'a:gam s- Stat tr [Neutr: indef 'a:gam; def 'a:gam=k. Interr: 'a:gam=ka-him. Dur:
'a:gam=ka-d]: to feel like saying something ex: Heg 'a 'ab s'a:gam. That is what l want to say. Nap 'am ha'icu s'a:gam? Do you(sg) want to say something? Pi 'im(<'am) hu ha'icu hab s'a:gam. He does not want to say anything. Pi 'it(<'at) 'am hu o ha'icu s'a:gamk. He will not want to say anything.

'a:gam hab, has 'e- N subst: one being called a certain way, one with a certain name
ex: Kut 'ab vu: g 'ihug [hab] 'e'a:gam. What is called devil's claw, grew. Kut 'ab vu: g hejel-vu:im [hab] 'e'a:gam. What is called wild vegetation grew.

'a:game in ha'icu 'a:game VExpr Unit [Neutr: indef 'a:game; concurs 'a:gamec]: to come to ask something ex: Heu'u, b(<'ab) 'a hi a(<va) ha'icu 'a:game. Yes indeed, I came to ask something. M(<'am) 'ac hi a(<va) cum ha'icu 'a:gamec 'i hab dada. We are here to ask something. -Map a(<va) ha'icu 'i 'a:gamec hab cu'ijig. You seem to have come to ask something. -'Ea 'aptp 'am ha'icu hab 'i 'a:gamec him. But, you might have come to ask something.

'a:gamk see Stat s-cu-'a:gmk= to be talkative, a gossip 'a:gamkam see N subst s-cu-'a:gimkam= gossipy one 'a:gas Stat intr [Neutr: indef 'a:gas; def 'a:gas=k. Interr: 'a:ga-s=ka-him. Dur: 'a:gas=kad]: to be told, said, reported ex: Pi 'im(<'am) hu 'a:gas g haje:gida. Their conversation is not reported. Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu hi va a 'i 'a:gas. It is not told. Hab 'eju: mo 'om(<'am) hab hi va 'a:gas. What happened has been told.

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'a:gc/ 'a:gid 'a:gc in hab 'a:gc Conj Expr concurs: the reason why, because, so that, therefore (see
also hab 'a:gk) ex: Heg hab 'a:gc hab kaij. That is the reason why he talks that way. Heg 'am hab ab 'ep 'a:gc hab kaij. That is also the reason why he talks that way.

'a:gc in ha'icu, hascu 'a:gc: without 'i: for a reason, the reason why, because; with
'i: for a specific reason (see also ha'icu 'a:gk) ex: Tp 'ea 'am a(<va) cum ha'icu 'i 'a:gc 'i a(<va) jiva. But she must have come here for a specific reason. --P hascu 'a:gc hab kaij? What are you talking about (why are you talking thus)? P hascu 'a:gc pi iok 'O'odhamaj ve:m? Why don't you(sg) speak 'O'odham with me?-- 'Am o kakke mas hascu 'a:gc 'in 'oimme. Ask him what he is doing around here. 'A:pi hascu 'a:gc vu ab o 'alikad, pi 'ap hab cu'ig. As long as you are just a kid, it's not right. a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'a:gc ga:ghim. Why are you(sg) looking for me? pi ha'icu 'a:gc for no reason (see also pi ha'icu 'a:gk) ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha'icu 'a:gc 'in hu 'oimme. There is no reason why I am here.

'a:gid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see 'a'agid; for Distr see 'a:'agid) [Neutr: def 'a:g; indef
and hort 'a:gid; imper sgs 'a:gida-, pls 'a:gid-o; concurs 'a:gid-c. Correl: 'a:gid-k. Compl: 'a:gid-ok; immed 'a:gid-oka-'i. Interr: 'a:gida-him. Dur: 'a:gida-d.]: to tell something to obj ex: Nt o a(<va) m'a:g g vohogam. I will tell you the truth. G hu o jivak 'am o 'a:g g 'oks mat 'am o mhido! When you get there (having arrived down there) tell my (the) wife to cook you! Si svohogim 'am o 'a:g hab masma mat 'am o mhido! Be sure to tell her (that way) to cook you! K hascu 'um(<'am) m'a:gid? And what did he tell you(sg)? a:cu 'up(<'ap) hab 'a:gid? What did you(sg) tell him? 'Ab haha ma: g 'e'oksga k hab 'a:gid. Then he gave it to his (own) wife and told her about it. 'a:gida g vohogam! Tell me the truth! Pi g 'am a 'i a:gid! Don't tell it to him! Pi g 'am a 'i ha'a:gid! Don't tell it to them! Pi g 'am hu ha'icu a 'i 'a:gid 'ab 'e'amje. Don't tell him anything about yourself! B(<hab) 'ab masma hab 'i 'a:gidahim g 'eje'e. This is what (how) he is supposed (hearsay) to have been telling his mother about it. Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu ge 'a:gidad! Don't (you pl) be telling him anything about it! Kumt hab o 'a:gidok hab o 'a: "mo 'i mvaid g hemajkam." After telling her about it, you(pl) will tell her that "the people are inviting you." hoho'ok-'a:gid VComp tr mult (for sing see ho'ok-'a:gid) [Neutr: def hoho'ok-'a:g]: to tell stories to obj ex: Nt o mhoho'ok-'a:g. I will tell you(sg) stories ho'ok-'a:gid VComp tr sing (for mult see hoho'ok-'a:gid) [Neutr: def ho'ok-'a:g]: to tell a story to obj ex: Nt o mho'ok-'a:g. I will tell you(sg) a story. si s'ap 'a:gid VExpr tr: to explain something to obj (same as si tao 'a:gid) si tao 'a:gid VExpr tr: to explain something to obj (same as si s'ap 'a:gid)

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'a:gid/ 'a:gk 'a:gid in ha'icu 'a:gid VExpr tr [Neutr: def ha'icu 'a:g]: to advise obj
ex: Ma a(<va) cum ha'icu 'a:gidahim, pi 'ib(<'ab) hu kaiha k 'am hab 'eju:. Although I advised him (against it), he did not listen to me and did it.

'a:gid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'a:g; indef 'e-'a:gid]: to be told something

ex: Gi'ikko 'ab 'e'a:g g 'I'itoi k haha 'i jiva. Four times 'I'itoi was asked before (and then) he came. Gami hu hugk 'am 'e'a:gid 'Akimelt'am. (The people) are told about it all over the River country (Pima country).

'a:gida in ha'icu 'a:gida NExpr: instructions given to the young boys and girls by the
elders

'a:gida in ho'ok-'a:gida NComp/ NExpr [pl: hoho'ok-'a:gida]: story, tale, fable

(about Coyote and other animals usually told to children) ex: Shoho'i 'ant hega'i mho'ok-'a:gida/ho'ok m'a:gida. I like your story. Ha:a-ho'ok-'a:gida NComp: the Saguaro tale

'a:gidam in ha'icu s-'a:gidam subst VExpr dtr: to want to tell something to obj
ex: Cum 'a ha'icu sm'a:gidam. I'd like to tell you(sg) something.

'a:gidas Stat impers: to be said

ex: S'amcud mo hascu 'i 'a:gidas 'ab 'amje g 'ali. He/they know(s) what has been said about the child. Tp(<kutp) 'ea 'am a(<va) hek hu 'a:gidas. But it has already been said.

'a:gimk/ 'a:gamk s-cu Stat sgs [pls: s-cu-'a'agimk/ s-cu-'a'agamk]: to be talkative, to

be a gossip ex: Heg 'o scu'a:gimk/ ha'icu s'a:gimk. He is talkative, a gossip.

'a:gimkam/ 'a:gamkam s-cu N subst sg [pl: s-cu-'a'agimkam/s-cu-'a'agamkam]:

gossipy one

'a:gimkam/ 'a:gamkam vu s-cu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-cu-'a'agimkam/s-cu'a'agamkam]: to be a gossip ex: Heg 'o (<vu) scu'a:gamkam/ha'icu s'a:gamkam. He is a gossip.

'a:g see Vdtr 'a:gid= to tell something to obj 'a:gk hab VExpr tr impers Correl [immed: hab 'a:gka-'i]: to tell obj to do something
ex: B(<hab) 'ant o ju: mo hob(<hab) 'a:gka'i. I'll do as I was told. B(<hab) g 'eju mo hob(<hab) m'a:gka'i! Do as you(sg) were told! Hab a(<va) ha'a:gk 'a hema "mapt 'oi vo mek o vaidka'i!" One of them is reported to have been told, "Run right away and ask him to come!"

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'a:gk/ 'a:j 'a:gk in hab 'a:gk Conj Expr Correl: the reason why, because, so that, therefore (see
also hab 'a:gc) ex: B(<hab) 'ant 'a:gk 'am hab 'emju hega'i mat u o 'em'egak. The reason I made that for you(pl) is so that it will be yours. Mant 'ab 'a:'ad hab 'a:gk mat 'i o jivak 'am o m'a:. I sent him here so that having come he would ask you(sg). 'I:da'a na:nko ma:s 'i'idag 'o (<vu) Jio-ma:kigag hab 'a:gk s'ap ha'icu 'am tveheji. These various drinks are God's gift, therefore they are good for us.

'a:gk in ha'icu, hascu 'a:gk: for a reason, the reason why/ because (see also ha'icu
'a'agc) ex: Matp a(<va) ha'icu hab o 'i 'a:gk hab kaij. There might be a reason why he is making that sound. S hascu 'a:gk heg pi 'ab hu o 'a:? Why not tell her? 'Ida hascu 'a:gk 'i a(<va) jiva? Now, what brings you here (why did you come here)? a:cu 'upt 'a:gk 'i a(<va) jiva? What brings you(sg) here (why did you come here)? a:cu 'umt(<'amt) 'a:gk 'i a(<va) dada? What brings you(pl) here?-- P hascu 'a:gk pi 'im(<'am) hu hab ju:? Why didn't you do it? Mams hascu 'a:gk hab nju:? Why did you(pl) do that to me? Ps(<kups) hascu 'a:gk hab o ju:? Why should you do it? M(<'am) g 'a:gid a:cu 'um(<'am) 'a:gk ku:. Tell me why you locked me up. 'Atp hascu 'a:gka'ik pi ha'a:gid. That might have been the reason why he/they did not tell them about it. pi ha'icu 'a:gk for no reason (see also pi ha'icu 'a:gc) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) ha'icu 'a:gk gm hu nai. There is no reason for me to make a fire over there.

'a:gli (Engl: acre) N sg [pl: 'a'agli]: acre 'a:go N aggreg: a plant, all-thorn, crown-of-thorns, crucifixion-thorn (Koeberlinia
spinosa)

'a:gog s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of all-thorns, crown-of-thorns, crucifixion-thorns in

one location

'a:j see Vdtr 'a:jid= to put obj around somebody's neck 'a:j Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'a'ada) sgs (for pls see 'a:'aj) (Neutr: def 'ai; indef and
hort 'a:j; imper 'a:ji-. Correl: 'a:d-k; immed: 'a:d-ka-'i. Compl: 'a:d-ok; immed: 'a:d-oka'i. Dur: 'a:jid. Interr: 'a:j[i]-him.]: to put obj around one's neck ex: B(<'ab) 'ant o 'ai g monjul. I'll put my scarf around my neck. B(<'ab) ab 'a:j g 'emonjul. He is wearing his scarf around his neck. Hek hu mo cum hekid 'an 'a:jhim g 'emonjul. Formerly he used to wear his scarf around his neck all the time. B(<'ab) 'apt ab o 'a:jid g 'emonjul! Be wearing your scarf around your neck! -- Pt 'ab o 'a:dok g 'emonjul! Wear (have put) your scarf around your neck!

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'a:jid/ 'a:nga 'a:jid Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'a:'ajid) [Neutr: def 'a:j; hort 'a:jid. Compl: 'a:jid-ok;
immed: 'a:jid-oka-'i]: to put obj round somebody's neck ex: 'An o 'a:j 'i:da'a bayoka! Put this necklace around her neck! Nt ab o m'a:jidok 'ep o hi:. Having just put it around your neck I'll leave.

'a:ka'i see Vtr 'a[h]a-= to reach obj 'a:lpa (Span: arpa) N alien sg [sg (instr: 'a:lpa-kaj; instr 1rst pers sg: -'a:lpa=ga-kaj;
loc: 'a:lpa-t-'ab); pl: 'a'alpa]: harp ex: Nap sma:c mapt has masma vo ge:g g 'a:lpa? Do you know how to play the harp? 'A:lpakaj 'ant 'am o hema 'a: g e'i. I am going to play a song with the harp. 'a:lpagakaj 'ant 'am o hema 'a: g e'i. I am going to play a song with my harp. Nt o hema 'a: g e'i 'a:lpat'ab. I will play a song on the harp. Nt o hema 'a: g e'i heg'ab 'a:lpa. I will play a song on that harp.

'a:mo (Span: amo) N inalien sg [pl: 'a'amo]: boss, master 'a:mo vu Stat Expr [Neutr: indef vu 'a:mo; def vu 'a:mo=k. Interr: vu 'a:mo=kahim. Dur: vu 'a:mo=ka-d]: to be a boss, a master ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'a:mo. He is my boss. Heg 'o (<vu) 'a:moj g Huan. He is the (his) boss of Huan. Heg 'at u o 'a:mok. He will be my boss. Heg 'o (<vu) cum 'a:mokahim. He used to be my boss. D(<vu) 'at o 'a:mokad. He will be my boss.

'a:mo Stat: to have a boss, a master 'a:mot Vtr: to become the boss, the master of, obj
ex: M(<'am) o 'a:mot. He is going to become my boss.

'a:n N alien aggreg: a plant, desert broom (Baccharis sarathroides)

ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu ha'icuk g 'a:n 'ab Covered-Wells-t'ab. There are no desert brooms up at Covered Wells.

'a:nag Stat Unit: there is a/there are desert broom(s) in one location
ex: Pi 'o 'ob(<'ab) hu ha 'a:nag 'ab Covered-Wells-t'ab. There are no desert brooms up at Covered Wells.

'a:nag s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-'a:'anag): to be full of desert brooms 'a:nga Stat: to have (a) desert broom(s)
ex: Pi 'ic(<'ac) ha 'a:nga 'ab Covered-Wells-t'ab. We do not have desert brooms up at Covered Wells.

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'A:ngam/ 'a:'ad 'A:ngam N: name of a village (one having desert brooms) 'a:i['i] Pers Pron emphatic [instr: 'a:i-kaj]: I, me
ex: 'A:i 'a ba'ic 'i ge'ej map 'a:pi'i. I am bigger than you(sg). 'A:i'i g 'ab 'ab 'edagp. Put your hand on me. 'A:ikaj o 'om(<'am) 'e'aisk. It will be reached by me.

'a:i'i/ 'a:'i vu Stat Expr [Neutr: indef vu 'a:i'i; def vu 'a:i'i=k; concurs vu
'a:i'i-kc. Interr: vu 'a:i'i=ka-him. Dur: vu 'a:i'i=ka-d]: to be me ex: 'A:i 'a u hema 'a:i'i. I am the one. D(<vu) 'ant o 'a:i'ik. It will be me. D(<vu) 'a 'a:i'ikc jiva. It's me (being me I came). ... ma 'a:i vu 'a:i'ic vesko jevu-u:dagim tono. ... it is I who shines over all the world.

'a:pi['i] Pers Pron emphatic [instr: 'a:pi-kaj]: you(sg)

ex: 'A:pi'i g hab ju. You(sg) do it. 'A:i 'a ba'ic 'i ge'ej map 'a:pi'i. I am bigger than you(sg). He'esij 'ap 'i 'a:pi'i? How big are you(sg)?-- 'A:pi 'ap ba'ic 'i ge'ej ma 'a:i'i. You(sg) are bigger than I am.

'a:pim Pers Pron emphatic [instr: 'a:pim-kaj]: you(pl)

ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'i:'e 'a:pim! Don't drink all the time, you-all! 'A:pim go:k g o ha'i kamicud! You two, make me some shirts!

'a:'ac N inalien aggreg [3rd pers sg 'a:'aci-j]: head louse, head lice
ex: Nt o m'u'i g m'a:'ac. I will delouse you (remove your head lice for you).

'a:'ac Stat: to have head lice

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha 'a:'ac. I don't have any head lice. 'A:'ac 'o. He has head lice. Cum 'a ge 'a:'ackahim. I used to have head lice.

'a:'ac s- Stat: to have a lot of head lice

ex: S'a:'ac 'a. I have a lot of head lice. S'a:'ac 'o. He has lots of head lice.

'a:'ad Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'a''ad) [Neutr: def and hort 'a:'ad. Correl: 'a:'ad-k;
immed: 'a:'ad-ka-'i. Compl: 'a:'ad-ok; immed: 'a:'ad-oka-'i. Interr: 'a:'ada-him. Dur: 'a:'adad.]: to send obj ex: Nt o 'a:'ad g 'aliga 'am macamaku vui. I will send my child to school. M(<'am) 'ant o 'i 'a:'ad g check mvui. I will send you(sg) acheck. Nap 'a:'ad g 'e'aliga 'am macamaku vui? Do you send your child to school? B(<'ab) g 'i 'a:'ad g check. Send him a check. 'Am 'a a(<va) cum 'a:'adahim. I have been trying in vain to send him there. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'a:'adad 'am macamaku vui. Keep on sending him to school. M(<'am) 'att o 'a:'adok 'am haha vo 'i hihi. We will send him/it and then go. gm hu si 'a:'ad VExpr tr: to send obj away, to get rid of obj ex: Gm hu si 'a:'ad. He got rid of me.

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'a:'ad/ 'e 'a:'ad Vreflex: to get sent somewhere

ex: B(<'ab) 'at 'i 'i(<'e)'a:'ad tvui g kovnal pion 'ab Cuk-ont'amje. A govemment employee from Tucson was sent to us. 'E'a:'ad 'am macamaku vui. He was sent to school.

'a:'ada N inalien aggreg: messenger

ex: Pi 'at 'i hu jiva g m'a:'ada. Your messenger did not come here. Pi 'at 'i hu dada g m'a:'ada. Your messengers did not come here. Jio-'a:'ada NComp(?): prophet (God's messenger)

'a:'adas Stat: to be sent

ex: 'A:'adas 'o tvui 'ab Cuk-ont'amje. He is sent to us from Tucson.

'a:'adka'i see Vtr 'a:'aj: to put obj around one's neck 'a:'agid Vdtr Distr (for Unit see 'a:gid) [Neutr: def 'a:'ag; indef 'a:'agid. Compl:
'a:'agid-ok]: to tell something to obj one after the other ex: Mt haha vo 'a:'ag g 'ehemajkamga! Each one of you will tell his own people! Matt o 'ip 'a:'agidok. Let each one of us tell him first!

'a:'ai see Vtr 'a:'aj= to put obj around one's neck 'a:'aj see Vdtr 'a:'ajid= to put obj around somebody's necks 'a:'aj Vtr pls (for sgs see 'a:j) [Neutr: def 'a:'ai; indef and hort 'a:'aj. Correl: 'a:'ad-k;
immed: 'a:'ad-ka-'i. Dur: 'a:'aji-d]: to put obj around one's necks ex: B(<'ab) 'att o 'a:'ai g tmomonjul. We'll put our scarfs around our necks. B(<'ab) 'amt ab o 'a:'ajid g 'emomonjul! Be wearing your scarfs around your necks! Mt 'ab o 'a:'adk g 'emomonjul! Wear (have put) your scarfs around your necks!

'a:'ajid Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'a:jid) [Neutr: def 'a:'aj; hort 'a:'ajid]: to put obj around
somebody's neck ex: B(<'ab) g ha'a:'ajid hegam babyoka! Put those necklaces around their necks!

'e-

'e see Postp 'ea= inside obj 'e in s-ha'i 'e Stat Expr: to be ashamed, bashful

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'e/ 'e[a] 'e in pi si 'e Stat Expr: to be brash 'ea in ha'icu 'ea NExpr: interior, inside, pulp, kernel
bahidaj-'ea NComp indiv [sg (3rd pers sg bahidaj-'ea=ga-j); pl: bahidaj-'e'ea]: saguaro fruit pulp nala-'ea NComp indiv [sg (3rd pers sg nala-'ea=ga-j); pl: nala-'e'ea]: orange pulp

'ea Adv [pl: 'e'ea]: in the middle/ in half

ex: Nt(<'ant) o si 'ea mmul. I will break you(sg) in half. Nt(<'ant) o 'e'ea hahahai. I will crack them in half.

'e[a] Postp [distr: 'e'ea]: in/ inside/ obj

ex: g hu vo:k 'e[a]= inside my stomach.-- 'am ce:cki 'e[a]= in his dream.-- 'am g'ea hega'i ce:ckij= in his dream-- 'am 'ea g Judea-jevu= in Judea Land-- hegam ha'ea/ha'e'ea tat= in those days --Kunt gn hu o ul 'an g'ea ge-ka:ck. I will throw them in the ocean. ..c 'an hadad 'an g'ea hega'i kox. ..and he puts them (the eggs) in that nest. -- 'At ei s(<mas) hascu 'ab hab 'evua heg'ea ki:. He looked at what was going on inside that house. -- Kupt heg'ea 'an o gava. Sow it in it (the ocean). -- 'Am 'oiyopo g'ea kc 'am cicvi ha'icu. They were walking around inside it and were playing at something.-- 'An 'o 'o'ohonas 'id'ea 'o'ohon. It's written in this book.-- Pi 'ic(<'ac) ha i'ok 'am g'ea i'ok Fairy godmother. We do not have any word for the word Fairy godmother.-- Sko'okam 'eju: 'am 'ecikpan 'e[a]. He hurt himself at work (in his work). -Jujkam 'o cum hekid 'am vu:pa g 'on 'am 'esilv:sga 'e[a]. Mexicans always put salt in their beer. 'am jegk 'e[a] Adv Expr: outside ex: Sku:bsig 'am jegk 'e[a]. It is dusty outside. Nt o 'i vu:k o ho(<ha) je:j 'am jegk 'e[a]. I'll go out to have a smoke outside.

'ea Postp [distr: 'e'ea] : in the middle of obj

ex: ...heg 'im haha voi 'e'o: 'am k 'an si vu: 'e'ea. ... then he laid it on his (own) back and tied it firmly in the middle of himself. --Nt o si m'ea mmul. I will break you in half (in your middle). --Nt o ho(<ha)'e'ea hahahai. I will crack each one of them in half (in their middles).-- ha'ea/ha'e'ea hegam mo'omcku= in the middle of those pillows

'e[a] Postp: at a certain time

ex: cuhug c ta 'e[a]: night and day --gi'ik 'e [g 'o:la]= at 4 (o'clock) gamai go:k 'e [g 'o:la]: at 12 (o'clock)-- Nt o mnam cu:dp 'o:la 'e[a]/cu:dp 'e [g 'o:la]. I'll meet you at 6 o'clock. Nt o vahammigad ves si'alig 'ab cu:dp 'o:la 'e[a]. I'll be getting up every morning at 6 o'clock. --Nt o mnam cu:dp 'e [g 'o:la]. I'll meet you at 6 (o'clock). Nt 'am o 'i me: ba'ic maad 'e[a]. I'll drive there next month.-- Hascu maad 'e[a]? In what month?

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'e[a]/ 'ea
heg 'i 'ea Adv Expr: right then, at that very moment heg 'i 'ea 'o:la Adv Expr: at that very hour ex: Kut g piongaj doa b(<vab) heg 'i 'ea 'o:la. His servant got well at that very hour. 'idam 'i ha'ea tat Adv Expr: right in these days, in these very days s'ap[k] 'e [g 'o:la] Adv Expr: on time ex: cum hekid s'ap[k] 'e [g 'o:la] 'a jijivha. I always arrive on time

'ea Conj: while, meanwhile, then, at that time, once (same as venog)
ex: Ga hu jiva ku 'ea 'ab da hega'i Ho'ok. He arrived up there while the Witch was at home (sitting there). T(<kut) hekid 'am hab 'eju:? Tp(<kutp) 'ea 'ab him. When did it happen? While he was coming. M(<'am) 'a 'ea vu 'alikc Pi:makaj iok. When I was a child I spoke in Pima. Sko'okam 'eju: 'ea mo 'om(<'am) cikpanahim. He hurt himself while he was working. G hu dada tp(<kutp) 'ea a 'i scuk; 'ea hek hu kekkiva g 'I'itoi k hek hu onva g e'i. They arrived down there while it was quite dark; meanwhile 'I'itoi had already stood up and the singing had already started. Kut 'ea g hu hek hu 'ehemapa g hemajkam. Meanwhile, the people had already gathered down there. M(<'am) 'o 'ea g bihugig ka:c 'ea. At that time there was starvation down there. ...nat pi 'ea vu she:pc'ekam 'ea. ...because at the time it was winter. Ku 'ea g'an kox. At that time there was a nest on it. -- 'Ea 'ant 'am hi:. Once, I went there. 'Ea 'a mumku. At that time I was sick. Hek hu va 'i ma 'ea 'i eid. It's a long time since I last saw him/it.

'ea Conj: but, yet, however, still

ex: Kumt hab 'i vo 'evuadad mamt 'ab o je:id, 'ea pi 'ib(<'ab) hu o je:id! Act as if you were smoking it, yet don't be smoking it! C ababa 'ea hab masma ma 'am hab a(<va) 'elid nt(<mant) ab (<vab) o ginsk o mua hega'i. And however, I have decided to play gins against him and kill him. 'Ea vu skeg 'atp hu 'i ha'icu o gegusigk. Yet, maybe it would have been good food.

'ea c hekaj Conj Expr: since ... therefore

ex: 'Ea 'o hab kaij mapt o vemajk hemu c hekaj pi has 'eju:. Since he said that you should come with me now, therefore it's all right (with me).

'ea ... cum/ cum 'ea Conj Expr: although, however, yet
ex: ..tp (<kutp) 'ea hi va cum 'u:g hega'i ciho. ..although that cave was quite high. ..'ea 'am a(<va) cum ka: mo 'i hu hab kaij g 'egakam. ..although he had heard what the owner had said.-- Cum hi va s'ap bei hega'i keli tova 'an kusvo 'an, tp(<kutp) 'ea sgevk hega'i tova c 'am dadde. Although (I think) he was able to grab that old turkey by the neck (its neck), yet that turkey was strong and kept jumping. Ma cum a smelim k 'ea pi o a 'i nnako mans 'am hu o me:. Although I wish I could go, yet I will not be able to.

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'e[a]gid/ 'e[a]gid 'e[a]gid Vtr [Neutr: def 'eag; indef 'egid. Interr: 'egida-him. Dur: 'egida-d.
Compl: 'egid-ok; immed: 'egid-oka-'i]: to have/ own obj ex: 'Egid g 'eki:. He owns his (own) house. 'Egid g 'ecikpan. He owns his (own) business. Pi 'i 'egid g ki:. I don't have a house. Pi 'egid g 'eel mas o vippia. He does not have a hunting license (his right so that he will hunt). 'U'uvhig 'egid g vopo. Birds have down.

'e[a]gid Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'e'e[a]gid) [Neutr: def 'eag. Correl: 'egid-k.
Interr: 'egida-him]: to find obj ex: Napt 'eag? Did you find it? Pi 'int(<'ant) 'eag. I did not find it. M(<'am) 'ant a(<va) 'eag. I did find it. M(<'am) 'a a(<va) 'egidahim. I am in the process of finding it. pi 'e[a]gid VExpr tr Unit (for Repet see pi 'e'e[a]gid) [Neutr: def pi 'eag; indef pi 'egid]: to miss obj ex: Kutp 'am 'i pi 'eag hega'i ba:baj. His grandfather missed him.-- Nt o pi m'eag. I will miss you. Tt o pi m'eag. We will miss you.-- T(<kut) 'im 'u:pam 'i 'ep noag pi 'egidk g uv. Buzzard went back home without having found him.

'e[a]gid in pi 'e-'e[a]gid VExpr reflex [Neutr: def pi 'e-'eag; indef and hort pi 'e'egid]: to hide something about oneself ex: Pi a 'i pi 'i(<'e)'eag. He did not hide anything about himself. 'Id 'o cum a pi 'i(<'e)'egid. He is trying to hide something about himself. Pi g a 'i pi 'i(<'e)'egid! Don't (you sg) hide anything about yourself!

'ea hugk 'am Postp Expr: half of obj

ex: 'em'ea hugk 'am= half of you(pl) ha'ea hugk= half of them

'ea hugk 'am Mod Expr [pl: 'e'ea huhugk 'am]: half, up to the middle
ex: 'ea hugk 'am ha'a= a half (full) olla 'e'ea huhugk 'am haha'a= half (full) ollas 'Ea hugk 'am 'ab o 'i hihi ve:m. Half (of you pl) will come with me. Si 'ea hugk 'am 'i a(<va) dada. Half (of them) came here. Nt(<'ant) ab (<vab) a(<va) 'ea hugk 'am m'a:g. I told you just half (of it).

'ea hugk 'amje Adv Expr: from the middle onward

ex: Kunt 'in hu ab(<vab) a(<va) 'ea hugk 'amje 'am 'i bek I, having only taken it (the story) from the middle onward ...

'eaj N sg inalien: interior, center, pulp, kernel of a specified entity (its interior) 'eam s-ta Adv [pl: s-ta-'e'eam]: disgracefully, shamefully
ex: Sta-'ap-'eam iok. You(sg) talk shamefully. Sta-'ap-'eam 'evua. You(sg) behave disgracefully. Sta-'am-'e'eam 'evua. You(pl) behave disgracefully.

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'eapig/ 'edam 'eapig Vtr sgo (for plo see 'e'eapig) [Neutr: def 'eap; indef and hort 'eapig]: to
take the inside, the pulp, the kernel, out of (a fruit which cannot be peeled)

'eap see Vtr 'eapig= to take the inside out of obj 'ea-scuk NComp (?): name of one of the vopda game tubes (black in the middle) 'eastk Adj: one who does not cry; grown up, unflinching (same as pi 'a'alma)
pi 'eastk Adj Expr: fragile, delicate (a plant that cannot stand extreme heat or cold)

'ea-va'ug NComp inalien [sg (3rd pers sg 'ea-va'uga-j); pl: 'e'ea-va'ug]: spine 'eaviji Postp: the inside of the top of obj, the top of obj viewed from inside
ex: vatto 'eaviji= the inside part of the top of a ramada. ki: 'eaviji Postp Expr: ceiling (inside of the top of the house) ex: N(<'an) g eid ki: 'eaviji. Look at the ceiling.-- 'An vav ki: 'eaviji. He stretched it on the ceiling.-- gn hu ki: 'eaviji= up on the ceiling

'eav s- Postp [pl: s-'e'eav]: in the middle of obj (same as s-'eavko)

ex: ki: s'eav= in the middle of the house Sisva 'eki: si s'eav. He spat right in the middle of his house. Sha'e'eav him. He's walking in the middle of them.

'eavko s- Adv: in the middle, half way

ex: S'eavko a(<va) 'i him g maad. It's the middle of the month (the month has gone half way). -- S'eavko 'o 'i ceajhim g ta. The sun is half way up.

'eavko s- Postp [pl: s-'e'eavko]: in the middle of obj (same as s-'eav)

ex: ki: s'eavko= in the middle of the house Sha'e'eavko him. He is walking in the middle of them.

'ea 'i me VExpr sgs [pls: 'e'ea 'i vo:po'o]: to dance the 'e'e 'i vo:p (the dancers
walk in paired rows; the rows separate and each row does figures in opposite directions)

'edam in si 'edam subst NExpr [pl: si 'e'edam]: shy, reserved one

ex: Nap sma:c hega'i si 'edam 'uv? Do you know that shy woman? pi si 'edam subst NExpr shameless, brash one ex: Nap sma:c hega'i pi si 'edam? Do you know that shameless one? pi si 'edam vu Stat Expr [pls: vu pi si 'e'edam]: to be shameless, brash ex: Heg 'o (<vu) pi si 'edam. He is shameless. Hegam 'o (<vu) pi si 'edam. They are shameless. si 'edam vu Stat Expr [pls: vu si 'e'edam]: to be shy, reserved

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'egid/ 'elda 'egid s-cu- V sgs (for pls see s-cu-'e'egid) [Neutr: indef s-cu-'egid. Interr: s-cu'egida-him. Dur: s-cu-'egida-d. Compl: s-cu-'egid-ok; immed: s-cu-'egid-oka-'i]: to have many things, to be wealthy ex: Ha'icu 'o s'egid/Heg 'o scu'egid. He is wealthy. M(<'am) 'a a(<va) scu'egid/ ha'icu s'egid. I am wealthy. Cum 'o ha'icu s'egidahim. He used to be wealthy. Mapt hekid ha'icu o s'egidad, nt(<kunt) haha vo mkunt. When you are wealthy I will marry you. Hema takaj 'ant o a(<va) ha'icu s'egidad. One day I will be wealthy. Mapt hekid ha'icu o s'egidoka'i nt(<kunt) haha vo mkunt. Once you have gotten wealthy, then I will marry you.

'egidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'egidac; indef 'egidacud. Dur: 'egidacuda-d]: to have/
own obj for somebody ex: Nt o mu'i ha'icu ha'egidac g 'a'alga. I will have lots of things for my children. Heg 'o mu'i ha'icu ha'egidacud g 'e'a'alga. He has lots of things for his children. Tt<kutt) o mu'i ha'icu ha'egidac g t'a'alga. We'll have lots of things for our children. Hema takaj nt o mu'i ha'icu ha'egidacudad g 'a'alga. One day I'll have many things for my children.

'ehaidag (met of *'eahidag) N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'ehaida-j); pl:
'e'ehaidag]: vein

'eho N sg [pl: 'e'eho]: a plant, range ratany (Kramerin parvifolia, Krameria

parvifolia; formerly used to dye leather red)

'emun Vtr [Neutr: def 'emu; hort 'emun]: to crush obj (such as wheat) 'epa N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'epa-j); pl: 'e'epa]: willow shoot or grass door (a
mat of grass formerly used as a door)

'epa vu Stat Expr: to be a willow shoot or grass door

ex: Hek hu hab 'a'aga g 'o'odham ha'icu mo g ki: 'ab hekaj 'ekukpa (<ma) u 'epa. Formerly the people called that with which a house is closed a grass door.

'epat V sing: to make a willow shoot or grass door 'evin Vtr [Neutr: def 'evi; hort 'evin]: to reduce obj into powder 'ei see Vtr 'ea-/'esi- = to plant seeds 'el see VExpr tr hab,has 'elid= to think of obj 'elda in ha'icu hab 'elda NExpr inalien [1st pers sg: ha'icu hab -'elda, 3rd pers pl:
ha'icu hab ha-'elda]: plans

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'eldag/ 'el[i]d 'eldag N inalien [sg(3rd pers sg: 'elda-j) pl: 'e'edag]: skin of a person; skin/ hide of an
animate entity ex: 'eldag 'o ob (<vab) 'i sgak. My skin is dry. moikad g 'elda NExpr: to tan a skin ex:Nt o 'i moikad g 'eldaj. I'll tan the (its) hide. Nt o ho(<ha)momoikad g 'e'eldag. I'll tan the hides.

'eldag in ha'icu 'eldag NExpr: outer envelope (such as skin, hide, bark, husk)
ban-'eldag NComp indiv alien [sg(3rd pers sg ban-'eldag=ga-j)]: coyote skin ce'ul-'eldag NComp alien: willow bark haiva-'eldag NComp alien: cowhide huav-'eldag NComp alien: buck skin hu:-'eldag NComp alien: corn husks kui-'eldag NComp alien: bark, mesquite bark

'eldag Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'eldag; def 'eldag=k. Interr 'eldag=ka-him); pls: 'e'eldag]:
to have a skin, hide, bark ex: 'Ali 'o smoik 'eldag. The baby has a soft skin. 'A'al 'o smomoik 'e'eldag. Babies have soft skins.

'eldagga in ha'icu 'eldagga Stat Expr: to have/own a hide, a skin, a husk

ce'ul-'eldagga Stat Comp [sing (Neutr: indef ce'ul-'eldagga); mult: ce'ul'e'eldagga]: to have a piece of willow bark ex: Nap ge ce'ul-'eldagga? Do you(sg) have any willow bark? Nap ge mu'i ce'ul'eldagga? Do you(sg) have many pieces of willow bark? huav-'eldagga Stat Comp [sing (Neutr: indef huav-'eldagga); mul: huav'e'eldagga]: to have a buck skin. ex: Nap ge huav-'eldagga? Do you(sg) have a buck skin? Nap ge go:k huav'e'eldagga? Do you(sg) have two buck skins? hu:-'eldagga Stat Comp: to have corn husks ex: Nap ge hu:-'eldagga? Do you(sg) have any corn husks?

'eldaj N: skin, hide of a specified entity (its skin) 'el[i]d hab, has VExpr tr sgs (for pls see hab, has 'e:'el[i]d) [Neutr: def hab,has 'el;
indef and hort hab,has 'elid]: to think of obj ex: Kutp 'oia 'am hab 'i 'el g 'o'odham g ta. Then a man thought of the sun. 'Am g hab 'i 'elid g ta! Think (you sg) of the sun! a:p 'i 'elid /Kup has 'i 'elid/ Maps has 'i 'elid? What are your thoughts about him/it?

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'el[i]d 'el[i]d hab, has VExpr tr: to have an opinion about obj
ex: a:p 'elid? What do you(sg) think of him/it? a:m 'elid? What do you(pl) think of him/it? a:p ha'elid? What do you(sg) think of them? a:p 'elid? What do you think of me? a:p 'i 'elid? What did you think of me? Pi 'i (<'a) has 'elid. I don't care (I have no opinion about it).

'el[i]d hab, has VExpr [Neutr: indef hab,has 'elid. Dur: hab, has 'el[i]da-d]: to have
something in mind, to plan on (with a relative clause) ex: T(<kut) 'am hab o 'eju: hega'i mac hab 'elid. Our plans (that which we have in mind) will be realized. Pi hea'i a 'i 'enako mas 'am hab o ju: hega'i matp hascu hab 'i 'elid. Nobody was able to do that which he had in mind. Ku 'am hab hig a(<va) 'elid. It is exactly what I have in mind. a:pt o 'elidad? What will be your plans? 'A:i 'ant o a(<va) m'a:g mantp has masma hab o 'i 'elidad. I am the one who is going to tell you what I have in mind. ha'icu 'am hab o 'i 'elidk hab o ju:. and he will just do what he had planned to do. B(<hab) 'a 'elid mant o va hi:. I am planning on going.

'el[i]d hab, has VExpr: to expect that (with a relative clause)

ex: B(<hab) 'a 'elid si'alim mat o ei. I expect that they are going to sing tomorrow. Pi 'i(<'a) hab a 'i 'elid mant o s'amc hega'i. I do not expect that I will understand him. Hega'i hu'ulij 'at pi hib(<hab) a 'i 'elid mas o jiva 'uv ve:m. His grandmother did not expect him to arrive with a woman.

'elid hab Vtr impers: to be necessary for obj to (with a relative clause)
ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) hab o 'elid mant o nna:tok o hi:. Now it is necessary for me to get ready and go. Hemu 'ut(<'at) hab o m'elid mapt o 'o(<'e)na:tok o hi:. Now it is necessary for you to get ready and go.

'elid in pi hab 'elid VExpr: not to worry that (with a subordinate clause)
ex: Pt (<kupt) pi hab o a 'i 'elidad mas o kekkiva! Don't (you sg) worry that he might give up! Pt(<kupt) pi hab o a 'i 'elidad mas o 'i mvua! Don't (you sg) worry that he might throw you! Kupt pi hab o a 'i 'elidad mans o vacum! Don't (you sg) be worrying that I might drown!

'elid in pi has 'elid VExpr tr: not to worry about obj

ex: Pi has o a 'i 'elidad 'i:da'a kavyu! Don't be worrying about that horse! Pi has o a 'i 'elidad! Don't be worrying about me! Mt pi has o 'elidk ab o 'ui! Just take them without worrying about it!

'el[i]d in hab/has masma hab 'elid VExpr [Neutr: def hab masama hab 'el; indef
hab masma hab 'elid]: to become convinced that (with a relative clause)

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'el[i]d
ex: Nt hab masma hab a 'i 'el mo (<vu) hega'i. I became convinced that it was him. Kup 'ida has 'i masma 'am hab 'elid hega'i mantp 'am a(<va) mgevito 'ida? Now are you convinced that I have beaten you?

'el[i]d in hab a 'elid VExpr: to suspect, come to the conclusion, that

ex: 'An hab a 'elid matp u hega'i. I have the suspicion that it might be him. ia nt 'am ha'icu 'i cegtok hab masma hab a 'i 'el matp u o 'i hega'ik mat a(<va) 'i heb hu hi:. After giving it some thought I came to the conclusion that it might be the one that had gotten lost. 'A:i heg 'an ab ka:kc hab a 'elid matp u o 'i hega'ik. As I was listening to that sound I suspected that it might be her.

'elid in hab cum 'elid VExpr tr: to wish for something

ex: Nap 'id hab cum 'elid? Is this what you(sg) wish for? 'Id 'a hek hu hab a(<va) 'i cum 'elid. This is what I have wished for a long time. Ku hab cum 'elid mat hema o ceadk o hemajmac hega'i kavyu. I wish that someone would ride and break that horse.

'elid in cum pi hab 'elid VExpr tr: to try to avoid something

ex: heghekaj matp 'am a(<va) cum pi hab 'elid hega'i. ... because he was trying to avoid that.

'el[i]d in has 'el[i]d 'am hema vui VExpr: to praise somebody

ex: Kutt 'i a(<va) dadak 'am o si has 'i 'el 'am vui g Jesus. Having come here we will praise Jesus. M(<'am) g has 'i 'elid 'am Jio vui! Praise (you sg) God! M(<'am) g o has 'i 'elid 'am Jio vui! Praise (you pl) God! Hegam 'o has 'elid 'am Jio vui. They praise God.

'el[i]d in si has 'el[i]d 'ab hema/ha'icu 'amje VExpr: to admire

somebody/something ex: c 'ep ve:sij si has 'elid 'ab 'amje g 'amcudagaj. ... and all of them admire his wisdom.

'el[i]d hab/ has VExpr reflex sgs (for pls see hab 'e-'e:'el[i]d) [Neutr: indef 'e-'elid;
concurs 'e-'elid-c. Dur: 'e-'el[i]da-d]: to decide, make up one's mind ex: a:p 'e'elid/Maps has 'e'elid? What have you(sg) decided? matp has 'i 'i(<'e)'elidc hab cum smu'am. ... he was determined to try to kill him. Kup 'ea hab 'e'elid mapt 'am hab o ju:? But have you(sg) decided to do it? Heu'u, ku hab 'elid. Yes, I have made up my mind. 'Am g him gvui maptp hebi hib(<hab) o 'i 'i(<'e)'elidad mapt 'am o hi:! Go wherever you will decide to go!

'el[i]d has VExpr reflex sgs (for pls see has 'e-'e:'el[i]d) [Neutr: indef has 'e-'elid]: to
feel ashamed (same as si 'e-'elid or s-'elid) ex: Pi g 'am has 'e'elidad! Don't (you sg) be bashful!

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'el[i]d/ 'elkona
has 'e-'elid 'am hema 'amje VExpr: to be ashamed of somebody ex: Has 'e'elid 'ab 'amje. He is ashamed of me. Has 'elid 'ab m'amje. I am ashamed of you. pi has 'e-'elid VExpr reflex sgs [Neutr: indef pi has 'e-'elid; concurs pi has 'e-'elid]: to feel unashamed ex: Pi has 'e'elidc ab iok. He is not ashamed of speaking. si 'e-'el[i]d VExpr reflex sgs [Neutr: indef si 'e-'elid. Dur: si 'e-'el[i]da-d. Interr: si 'e'el[i]da-him]: to feel shame, bashfulness (same as s-'e-'el[i]d and has 'e-'el[i]d) ex: Heg 'o si 'i(<'e)'elid. He is bashful. 'Ai 'a si 'elid. I am bashful. Pi g 'am si 'i(<'e)'elidad. Don't (you sg) be bashful. Heg 'o cum si 'i(<'e)'elidahim. He used to be bashful. Kut 'idhekaj si 'i(<'e)'elidk gm hu hi:. Being ashamed about this, he left. pi si 'e-'el[i]d VExpr reflex sgs: to feel brash, unashamed

'el[i]d s- semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see s-'e-'e:'el[i]d) [Neutr: indef s-'e-'elid. Interr:
s-'e-'el[i]da-him/s-'e-'elid=ka-him. Dur: s-'e-'el[i]da-d]: to feel ashamed, bashful (same as has 'e-'elid or si 'e-'elid) ex: Heg 'o s'e'elid. He is ashamed. Nt 'am 'i s'elidk ga hu hi:. Being bashful, I left. Cum 'o s'e'elidahim/s'e'elidkahim. He used to be bashful. 'A:i s'elidc pi iok 'O'odhamaj. I am too bashful to speak 'O'odham. --Pi ' int(<'ant) 'am hu o hi:, s'elid 'a. I will not go there, I am bashful. Pi g 'am s'e'elidad. Don't (you sg) be bashful.

'elid in s-'abhahog 'elid VExpr sgs: to be jealous 'elidc in ha'icu hab 'elidc semi Stat Expr sgs (for pls see ha'icu hab 'e:'elidc)
[Neutr: indef ha'icu hab 'elidc. Dur: ha'icu hab 'elida-d. Inter: ha'icu hab 'elidc=ka-him]: to have plans ex: Nap 'am ha'icu hab 'elidc? Do you(sg) have plans?

'elko see Vtr 'elkon= to skin obj 'elkon in gamai hu 'elkon VExpr tr sgo (for plo see 'e'elkon) [Neutr: def 'elko;
indef and hort 'elkon; imper sg 'elkona-, pl elkon-o. Correl: 'elkon-k. Interr: 'elkona-him. Dur: 'elkona-d]: to take off the skin of obj; to scalp obj ex: Gam g hu si 'elkon. Skin it completely. Gm hu 'elkon g cu:v. He is skinning the rabbit. Nt o 'elko g mo'oj. I am going to scalp him (skin his head).

'elkon Vreflex sing (for mult see 'e-'e'elkon) [Neutr: def 'e-'elko]: to peel (one spot)
somewhere on one's body ex: 'An 'e'elko g nnov. The skin of my hand peeled (my hand peeled itself). 'An si 'i(<'e)'elko g nnov. The skin of my hand peeled off (my hand peeled itself completely).

'elkona N: act of skinning

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'elko/ 'ega 'elko see Vdtr 'elkoid= to skin obj for somebody 'elkoid Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'e'elkoid) [Neutr: def 'elko; indef 'elkoid; imp sgs
'elkonda- (contr of *'elkoida-). Correl: 'elkoid-k. Interr: 'elkoida-him. Dur: 'elkonda-d (contr of *'elkoida-d)]: to skin an animal for obj ex: Nt o m'elko hega'i cu:v. I will skin that rabbit for you. Nt o ho(<ha)'elko g cu:v hegam. I will skin the rabbit for them.

'elpig Vtr sgo (for plo see 'e'elpig) [Neutr: def 'elp; indef and hort 'elpig]: to take the
peel off/ to peel obj ex: 'A 'elpig g nala. I peel an orange. Nt o 'elp g nala. I'll peel the orange.

'elpig Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-'elp]: to peel off (as paint off a wall) 'elp see Vtr 'elpig= to peel obj 'elp see V reflex 'e-'elpig= to peel off 'ega N inalien aggreg [sing (3rd pers sg 'ega-j); mult: 'e'ega; distr: 'e''ega]: one kind
of clothes ex: Vaoga g 'e'ega. Take off your clothes.

'ega in ha'icu 'ega NExpr inalien [(1st pers sg ha'icu -'ega); distr: ha'icu ha'e''ega)]: belongings, possessions, outfits ex: M('am) 'an hab cu'ig g ha'icu ha'ega ma hagev. Right there are the (their) possessions which I won from them. vakial ha'icu 'ega NEpr inalien: cowboy outfit (including saddle, stirrups)

'ega vu Stat Expr tr [Neutr: indef vu 'ega; def vu 'ega=k. Interr: vu 'ega=kahim]: to belong to obj ex: D(<vu) 'o 'ega g 'ekeickvadam. The bicycle is mine.-- D(<vu) 'o 'egaj g 'ekeickvadam. The bicycle belongs to him.--Ves 'o (<vu) 'ega. It is all mine.-- 'A:i 'o (vu) 'ega g ginsku. The gins set belongs to me.-- Hegam 'o (<vu) a(<va) ha'ega vi:piop. It belongs to those boys.--Kut u o m'egak. It will be yours.

'ega Stat: to have clothes on

ex: Heg 'ega hega'i Ho'ok. That (is what) she is wearing, that Witch.--Pi 'ib(<'ab) hu ha 'ega. He is not wearing anything (does not have any clothes on).

'ega Stat tr: to have, own, obj

ex: Ba'ic 'i mapt ab 'am o a(<va) 'egak. It is better for you just to have it as your own. -Hema 'a 'ega g 'ekeickvadam. I have a bicycle.-- Cum 'a hema 'egakahim g 'ekeickvadam. I used to have a bicycle.

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'ega/ 'egapi'ok 'ega in ha'icu 'ega Stat Expr: to be the possession of obj
ex: Kut u o a(va) skeg ha'icu 'em'egak 'i:da'a. This will be a nice thing for you(pl) to have.--'Am 'ui hega'i matp hascu u 'i 'ega mo (<vu) snamkig ha'icu. He took whatever they had which was precious.

'ega in ha'icu s-'ega Stat Expr sgs [pls: ha'icu s-'e'ega]: to own lots of cattle and
horses ex: Ha'icu 'u(<'a) s'ega. I have lots of cattle and horses.--Hegam 'o ha'icu s'e'ega. They have lots of cattle and horses.

egac see Vdtr 'egacud= to make obj the owner of something 'egacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'egac; indef 'egacud]: to make obj the owner of something
ex: Nt o m'egac hega'i 'oidag. I'll make you the owner of this field.

'egaac semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'e'egaac) [Neutr: indef 'e-'egaac.
Dur: 'e-'egaaci-d. Interr: 'e-'egaac=ka-him]: to be dressed ex: Heg 'o skeg 'e'egaac. She is beautifully dressed.-- Skeg 'at o 'o(<'e)'egaacid. She will be beautifully dressed.--Skeg 'e'egaackahim. She was beautifully dressed.-- 'Am a(<va) gavul masma 'e'egaac. She is dressed differently.

'ega[a]d Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'egaad; imper sgs 'egada-.Correl: 'egaad-k
Interr: 'egada-him]: to dress obj ex: Nt o 'egaad g nobbi. I'll dress my doll. Nt o m'egaad. I'll dress you(sg).

'ega[a]d Vreflex [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'e-'egaad. Interr: 'e-'egada-him.
Dur: 'e'egada-d]: to put on one's clothes, to get dressed ex: Nt o 'egaad. I'll get dressed. Napt 'e'egaad? Are you(sg) dressed? Namt e'egaad? Are you(pl) dressed? Heg 'atk si 'i(<'e)'egaad. He was dressed up (evidential). Skeg 'at hi va 'a(<'e)'egaad. He was indeed dressed up (hearsay). 'E-g'e'egaad! Get dressed! 'E-'o-'egaad. He is getting dressed. 'E-'o-'egadahim. He was getting dressed. Nt o 'egadad. I'll be getting dressed.-- 'E'egaadoka'i! Get dressed first! 'Ab 'e'egaadk gm hu hi: vepegi vui. Having gotten dressed, he went to the movies.

'egapi'ok Vtr sgo (for plo see 'e'egapi'ok) [Neutr def 'egapi'o; hort
'egapi'ok]: to undress obj ex: Nt o m'egapi'o. I will undress you(sg).

'egapi'ok Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'e'egapi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e 'egapi'o;
indef 'e-'egapi'ok. Dur: 'e-'egapi'oka-d]: to undress oneself, get undressed

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'egapi'ok/ 'ep [va] hi

ex: Pi 'o 'e'egapi'ok mo hekid vo'iva. He does not get undressed when he goes to bed. B(<'ab) g 'i 'i(<'e)'egapi'okad! Be getting undressed (you sg)! 'E-g-'e'egapi'ok haha vo vo'iva! Get undressed and go to bed!

'egakam N subst: one who is dressed 'egakam vu Stat Expr: to be one dressed (in a certain way)
ex: Heg o skeg 'egakam. She is a well dressed one. Vat u o skeg egakamad. She will be a well dressed one.

'egakam in ha'icu 'egakam NExpr: owner

ki:-'egakam NComp [pl: ki:k-'e'egakam]: landlord 'oidag-'egakam NComp [pl: 'o'oidag-'e'egakam]: field owner 'oidag-'egakam vu Stat Expr: to be a field owner ex: Hek hu mo (<vu) 'oidag-'egakamkahim. Formerly he was a field owner.

'egat Vtr: to become the owner of obj

ex: Hemu 'up(<'ap) 'egat hega'i 'oidag. Now you own that field.

'ep Part: again, also, too (occurs either stressed for emphasis or unstressed; when
unstressed undergoes assimilation > 'ap, 'ip, 'op, 'up; when repeated for emphasis, the second repeat is always stressed) ex: 'a:i kc heg 'ep= me and also that one 'a:i kc 'idam 'ep= me and also these la:pis c heg 'ep la:pis: my pencil and also his pencil (the pencil of that one) la:pis c hegam 'ep halalapis= my pencil and also their pencils (the pencil of those ones)-Tp(<kutp) hems 'ep o jiva. Maybe he will come again. Hi: 'at k pi 'ep o jiva. He left for good (he will not come again). Nt 'am haha 'ap(<'ep) o 'i himc g je:gida 'ep. Then, I will reopen (conduct again) the meeting. Pi 'int(<'ant) haha va 'ep o ho(<ha) 'i: g navait. I will never drink wine again. M(<'am) g 'ep ha toa'i. Pour some more (again). M(<'am) 'ant 'ep o ho(<ha) mbi:. I'll serve you another helping (some again). Nt o mge:g g lial; m'alidag 'ep o mge:g. I will win money from you; your daughter too, I will win from you. ... c hegam 'am 'ep daha 'a'alidaj. ... and those children of his are also living (sitting) there. No 'i:da'a lial c g 'ep Sto:ta-Hiosigam 'ab ve:nag? Does this money and (also) White Flower go together?

'ep [va] hi Part Expr: in turn, one's turn to

ex: B(<hab) 'ant o a(<va) 'ep hi ju:. It will be my turn to do it. 'Apt 'am o a(<va) 'i himk 'am 'ep hi vo hu: g cu:kug ki: 'ama'i. After you have gone there, it will be your turn to eat meat at my house. M(<'am) 'ant 'ep hi o 'i ga:gim g cikpan. It is my turn to go and look for a job. M(<'am) g 'i:'i, nt(<kunt) mhaha 'ep hi o 'i:. Drink it, I'll drink after you.

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'ep/ 'e 'ep in ha'icu 'ep Pron Expr: something else

ex: 'Ant a ha'icu 'up (<'ep) o mma:. I will give you(sg) something else. Pi 'int(<'ant) ha'icu 'up(<'ep) o mto'i 'ep. I have nothing else to bet against you. Pi 'o 'om(<am) hu ha'icu 'up(<'ep) vi'is. There is nothing else left. Hascu/a:cu 'ep? What else? Hascu/a:cu'o 'ep? Is that all (is there something else)? Hascu 'up(<'ep) mma:' What else did he give you?

'ep in hema 'ep Pron Expr: somebody else, another one

ex: Hema 'o 'ep. It's somebody else. c 'am hema 'ap(<'ep) ki: 'ep. and down there lives somebody else. Hema jivak hema 'ap(<'ep) jijivha. They arrived one after the other (one having arrived, another arrives).

'es see Vtr 'ea-/'esi- = to plant seeds 'esiabig in ha'icu 'esiabig NExpr inalien sg: planting season
ex: 'E'ai g ha'icu 'esiabig. The planting season has come. pilka-esiabig NComp: planting season for wheat

'esiabig in opol 'esiabig maad NExpr: the month of September (short planting
season moon)

'esiabigaj N inalien: planting season for a specified seed (its planting season)
ex: T(<kut) hekid o 'o(<'e)'ai g 'esiabigaj g pilka When the planting season for wheat (its planting season of wheat) comes ...

'esihim see Vtr ea-/'esi- = to plant seeds 'esime Vtr Unit sgs (for pls see 'eso) [Neutr: def 'esim; hort 'esime]: to go and plant
seeds ex: Nt o 'esim. I'll go and plant it.

'eso Vtr pls (for sgs see 'esime) [Neutr: def and hort 'eso]: to go and plant seeds 'esok see Vtr 'ea-/'ei- = to plant seeds 'e N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'ea-j); pl: 'e'e]: chin
ex: 'eaj g Huan= Juan's chin (his chin of Juan)

'e Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'e; def 'e=k); pls: 'e'e]: to have a chin
ex: Ge smu'uk 'e 'a. I have an unusually pointed chin.

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'ea-/ 'e'ebe 'ea-/'esi- Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'e'ea; for Distr see 'e''ea) sing (for mult see 'e'ea) [Neutr: def 'ei; hort 'e/'es; imper sgs 'ea-/'esi-. Correl: 'e-k/'es-k; immed: 'eka-'i/'es-ka-'i. Compl: 'e-ok/'es-ok; immed: 'e-o-ka-'i/ 'es-o-ka'i. Interr: 'ea-him/ esihim/.]: to plant one kind of seeds (such as corn, beans, melons, squash, wheat, peas) ex: Nt o ha'icu 'ei. I'll plant something. Nt o ha'i 'ei g ha'icu kai. I'll plant some seeds. 'Esi/'ea) g ha'icu kai! Plant seeds! 'Oi g 'es/'e g ha'icu kai! Plant seeds right away! M(<'am) 'a hu ha'icu 'esihim/'eahim. I am planting over there. Nt o 'ip 'am 'esok/'eok) 'am hab haha vo nju:. First I'll plant it and then I'll do it.

'ea in ha'icu 'ea NExpr: act of planting seed crops

ex: Nap sma:c g ha'icu 'ea? Do you know how to plant seed crops?

'ea in ha'icu 'ea NExpr aggreg inalien [1st pers pl ha'icu t-'ea]: seed crops
ex: Tt(<kutt) o 'o: g ha'icu t'ea. We will harvest our seed crops.

'eaku/'esku N indiv [pl: 'e'eku/ 'e'esku]: planting stick, planter 'epo N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'epo-j); pl: 'e'epo]: beard 'epo Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef epo; def 'epo=k. Interr: 'epo=ka-him); pls: 'e'epo]: to
have a beard ex: Hemu 'unt(<'ant) o ge 'epok. Soon I'll have a beard (unexpectedly). Paul ge scuk 'epo. Paul has a black beard (unexpectedly).

'epo s- Stat [pls: s-'e'epo]: to have a heavy beard

ex: Hega'i 'o'odham 'o s'epo. That man has a heavy beard. Heg 'o ge s'epo. He has an unusually heavy beard.

'epokam s- N subst sg [pl s-'e'epokam]: bearded one

ex: Napt ei hega'i s'epokam? Have you seen that bearded one?

'epola N subst sg [pl: 'e'epola]: one with a long beard 'e'ebe Vintr Repet (for Unit see 'e:b) sgs [Neutr: indef 'e'ebe. Interr: 'e'ebe-him]: to stop
crying repeatedly ex: Pi hekid 'e'ebe. He never stops crying. M 'u a (<'am 'o va) 'e'ebe mat hekid o 'i: g 'evi:bga. He usually stops crying when he drinks his milk. M 'u a (<'am 'o va) 'e:'eb g 'a'al mat hekid o 'i: g 'evi:bga. Children usually stop crying when they drink their milk. Cum 'o 'e'ebehim mat hekid o 'i: g 'evi:bga. He used to stop crying when he was drinking his milk.

'e'ebe see Vtr 'e'ebe[id]= to be afraid of obj repeatedly

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'e'ebe[id]/ 'e'eavk 'e'ebe[id] Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'e:b[i][id] [Neutr: indef 'e'ebeid/ 'e'ebe. Dur: 'e'ebeida-d. Interr: 'e'ebeida-him]: to be afraid of obj repeatedly (same as 'e'ebid)
ex: Cum 'o 'e'ebeid/'e'ebe. He used to be afraid of me. Vat o m'e'ebeidad mat hekid o 'i mee'idad. He will be afraid of you every time he sees you.

'e'ebid Vtr [Neutr: def 'e'eb; indef 'e'ebid. Interr: 'e'ebida-him. Dur: 'e'ebida-d]: to make
obj stop crying ex: M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) 'e'eb. I'll make him stop crying. Cum 'a 'e'ebid. I tried in vain to make him stop crying. Cum 'a 'e'ebidahim. I have been trying in vain to make him stop crying.

'e'ebid Vtr Repet (for Unit see [s-]'e:bid) [Neutr: indef 'e'ebid. Interr: 'e'ebida-him]: to be repeatedly afraid of obj (same as 'e'ebeid)
ex: Cum 'o 'e'ebid. He used to be afraid of me every time.

'e'ebidacud s- Vdtr pls (for sgs see s-'e:bidacud) [Neutr: def s-'e'ebidac; indef s'e'ebidacud]: to be afraid of something for obj's sake ex: Nt(<'ant) o sm'e:bidac. I will be afraid for your sake. Kus has o 'i ju: ku sm'e:bidacud. I am afraid for your sake of what he might do.

'e'ebidam see Adv s-ta-'e:bidam= frighteningly 'e'ebidama see Stat s-ta-'e:bidama= to be frightening, dangerous 'e'ebidamakam see N subst s-ta-'e:bidamakam= frightening one 'e'eb see Vtr 'e'ebid= to make obj stop crying 'e'ea see 'ea= in the middle, in half 'e'e[a]gid Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'e[a]gid): to find obj repeatedly
ex: Pi hekid ha'icu a 'i 'e'eagid. He never finds anything. pi 'e'e[a]gid VExpr Repet (for Unit see pi 'e[a]gid): to miss obj repeatedly ex: Cum 'a hekid pi m'e'eagid map hekid hasko hihhim. I always miss you when you go away.

'e'eam see Adv s-ta-'eam= disgracefully 'e'eapig Vtr plo (for sgo see 'eapig) [Neutr: def 'e'eap]: to take the inside, pulp,
kernel out of a fruit which cannot be peeled ex: Nt(<'ant) o ho(<ha)'e'eap g bahidaj. I am going to take the insides out of the saguaro fruits.

'e'eavk in ha'icu 'e'eavk NExpr: entrails, insides

ko:ji-'e'eavk NComp(?): entrails of a pig

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'e'eavkaj/ 'e'eopag 'e'eavkaj N inalien: entrails, insides of a specified entity (its entrails) 'e'eavko see Postp s-'eavko= in the middle of 'e'eav see Postp s-'eav= in the middle of 'e'edam see N subst si 'edam= shy, reserved 'e'egid s-cu V pls (for sgs see s-cu-'egid): to have many things, to be wealthy
ex: Ha'icu 'o s'e'egid. They are wealthy.

'e'ehaidag see N 'ehaidag= vein 'e'eho see N 'eho= range ratany 'e'emag [Neutr: indef 'e'emag; def s-'e'emag=k. Interr 'e'emag=ka-him]: to be
bloody ex: S'e'emag 'o g cu:kug. Meat is bloody. Cum 'o s'e'emagkahim g cu:kug. The meat has been bloody.

'e'eopa Vintr [Neutr: def 'e'eopa. Correl: 'e'eopa-k; immed: 'e'eopa-ka-'i. Interr:
'e'edopa-him]: to start bleeding ex: Si no t(<kut) 'e'eopa g nda:k. He punched me and my nose bled. Nda:k 'at 'e'eopa. My nose started to bleed. Hek hu mo 'e'eopahim g nda:k. In the past my nose has been bleeding. B(<hab) ta:hadag mat o 'e'eopahid g nda:k. My nose feels as if it (it feels that my nose) was going to be bleeding (off and on). T(<kut) o 'ip 'am 'e'eopaka'i. After it has stopped bleeding (for a while).

'e'eopa Vintr [Neutr: indef 'e'eopa. Correl: 'e'eopa-k; immed: 'e'eopa-ka-'i.

Interr: 'e'eopaahim]: to bleed at recurring intervals ex: Cum hekid 'e'eopa g nda:k. My nose bleeds all the time. Cum hekid 'e'eopaahim g nda:k. My nose used to bleed all the time. B(<hab) ta:hadag mat 'ep o 'e'eopaad g nda:k. My nose feels (it feels that my nose) as if it were going to bleed. T(<kut) o 'ip 'am 'e'eopaka'i. After it has completely stopped bleeding (for a while).

'e'eopag Vintr [Neutr: indef 'e'eopag. Interr: 'e'eopaga-him. Dur: 'e'eopaga-d]: to

bleed in a continuous flow ex: Cum hekid 'e'eopag g nda:k. My nose bleeds all the time. Cum hekid 'e'eopaghim g nda:k. My nose used to bleed all the time. B(<hab) ta:hadag mat 'ep o 'e'eopagad g nda:k. My nose feels (it feels that my nose) as if it were going to be bleeding again. T(<kut) o 'ip 'am 'e'eopagka'i. After it has stopped bleeding (for a while).

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'e'eopa/ 'e'egapi'ok 'e'eopa Vintr Unit (for Distr see 'e''eopa) [Neutr: indef 'e'eopa.Correl:
'e'eopa-k; immed: 'e'eopa-ka-'i. Interr: 'e'edopaa-him]: to bleed reiteratedly ex: Hek hu 'o 'e'edopa g nda:k. In the past I had a nose bleed again and again. B(<hab) ta:haag mat 'ep o 'e'eopaad g nda:k. It feels like my nose is going to be bleeding again and again. T(<kut) o 'am 'e'eopaka'i! Let it stop bleeding!

'e'epa see N 'epa= willow shoot door 'e'eldag see N 'eldag= skin 'e'elid hab VExpr reflex: to have something on one's mind to think constantly of (with a
subordinate clause) ex: Cum 'a hekid hab 'i 'e'elid mant ab o hi: hasko. I am all the time thinking of just leaving (going somewhere).

'e'elkon Vreflex mult (for sing see 'e'elkon) [Neutr: def 'e-'e'elko]: to peel (several
spots) somewhere on one's body ex: 'An si 'i(<'e)'e'elko g nno:nhai. The skin of my hands peeled off (my hands peeled themselves completely).

'e'elkon Vtr plo (for sgo see 'elkon) [Neutr: def 'e'elko; indef and hort 'e'elkon]: to take
off the skin of obj

'e'elkoid Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'elkoid) [Neutr: def 'e'elko; indef 'e'elkoid]: to
skin obj for somebody ex: Nt o m'e'elko g cu:v. I will skin the rabbits for you.

'e'elpig Vtr plo (for sgo see 'elpig) [Neutr: def 'e'elp; indef and hort 'e'elpig]: to take
the peel off, to peel obj ex: Nt o ho(<ha)'e'elp g nala. I'll peel the oranges.

'e'egaac semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'egaac): to be dressed
ex: Hegam 'o skeg 'e'e'egaac. They are beautifully dressed.

'e'egapi'ok Vtr plo (for sgo 'egapi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e'egapi'o; hort
'e'egapi'ok]: to undress obj ex: Nt o 'om(<'em)'e'egapi'o. I will undress you(pl).

'e'egapi'ok Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'egapi'ok) [Neutr: def 'e-'e'egapi'o.
Dur: 'e-'e'egapi'oka-d]: to undress oneselves, to get undressed ex: B(<'ab) g o 'i 'i(<'e)'e'egapi'okad! Be getting undressed (you pl)!

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'e'es/ 'e'epola 'e'es in ha'icu 'e'es NExpr aggreg inalien [(2nd pers sg: ha'icu m-'e'es); distr: ha'icu
'e''es]: plants (growing from seeds) ex: Pi vo a 'i mei g ha'icu 'e'es. Plants will not dry up. Sbabadag ha'icu m'e'es 'ea. It is full of frogs in your plants. Ves 'ahidag vo 'o:'oa g ha'icu 'e'e''es. Each year people (from various places) will harvest their crops. hevel-'e'es NComp aggreg: a flower, bugles (wind plant) pi:los-'e'es NComp(?) aggreg: pear tree(s) pilka-'e'es NComp(?) aggreg: wheat plant(s)

e'es Stat [Neutr: indef 'e'es; def 'e'es=k. Interr: 'e'es=ka-him]: to have (a) plant(s)
growing from seeds ex: Nap ge 'e'es g pi:los? Do you(sg) have pear trees? Nam ge 'e'es g pi:los? Do you(pl) have a pear trees? Nap mu'i 'e'es g pi:los? Do you(sg) have many pear trees?

'e'esid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see 'e:sid) [Neutr: def and indef 'e'esid. Correl: 'e'esid-k;
immed: 'e'esid-ka-'i. Compl: 'e'esid-ok; immed: 'e'esid-oka-'i. Interr: 'e'esida-him. Dur: 'e'esida-d.]: to steal something from somebody repeatedly ex: Cum 'o 'e'esid. He is trying to steal it from me. Vatk o m'e'esid. He is going (evidential) to steal it from you. Hek 'o hu cum 'e'esidahim. He has already been trying to steal it from me. Pi g 'am ha'e'esidad g lial! Don't be stealing money from anybody! Cum 'e'esidk gm hu me:. After trying to steal it from me he ran away.

'e'esto see Vtr 'e:sto= to hide obj 'e'esto see Vtr 'e:sto= to hide obj 'e'estoid see Vdtr 'e:stoid= to hide obj from somebody 'e'estois see Stat 'e:stois= to be hidden eestoa see Vtr 'e:stoa= to hide obj 'e'e see N 'e= chin 'e'ea Vtr mult (for sing see 'ea-) [Neutr: def 'e'ea]: to plant several kinds of seeds
ex: Nt o ho(<ha)'e'ea g ha'icu kai. I'll plant several kinds of seeds.

'e'ea Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'ea-) [Neutr: indef 'e'ea. Interr: 'e'ea-him. Dur: 'e'ead]: to plant seeds repeatedly ex: Ves toabkaj 'ac ha'icu 'e'ea. Every summer we plant something (seeds). mo 'an 'e'ea hemu g Milig:n which today the Whites customarily plant. 'E'eahim 'a. I used to plant it. Nt o ha'icu 'e'ead. I will be planting something.

'e'epo see N 'epo= beard 'e'epokam see N subst 'epokam= bearded one 'e'epola see N subst 'epola= one with a long beard

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'e''eopa/ 'e:b 'e''eopa Vint Distr (for Unit see 'e'eopa) [Neutr: def and indef 'e''eopa]: to
bleed one after the other ex: Hada:dk o 'e''eopa. Each one of them will have a nose bleed (each one of their noses will bleed).

'e''es see NExpr ha'icu 'e'es= plants (growing from seeds) 'e''es in ha'icu s-'e''es Stat Expr: to have various kinds of plants
ex: Ha'icu 'u(<'a) s'e''es. I have various kinds of plants. Hegam 'o ha'icu s'e''es. They have various kinds of plants.

'e''esto Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'e:sto/ 'e'esto) [Neutr: indef 'e''esto. Interr:
'e''estoa-him. Dur: 'e''estoa-d]: to hide obj in various places ex: Mu'ipa 'a 'e''esto g lialga. I always hide my money in different places. Mu'ipa 'ant o 'e''estoad g lialga. I will be hiding my money in different places.

e''estoa Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'e:stoa/ 'e'estoa) [Neutr: indef e''estoa]: to hide
obj in various places ex: Mu'ipa 'a 'e''estoa g lialga. I always hide my money in different places.

'e''ea Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'ea-) [Neutr: def and indef 'e''ea. Interr: 'e''ea-him.
Compl: 'e''e-ok; immed 'e''e-oka-'i]: to plant seeds in various places ex: Cum 'a ha'icu 'e''eahim. I used to plant seeds in various fields. Ves toabkaj 'ac ha'icu 'e''ea. Every summer we plant seeds in various fields. Tt(kutt) 'am o 'e''eok haha vo tje:. Each one of us will finish the planting and then we'll have a meeting.

'e:-

'e:b Vintr Unit (for Repet see 'e'ebe) sgs (for pls see 'e:'eb) [Neutr: def and hort 'e:b;
imper 'e:bi-/'e:ba-. Correl: 'e:b-k; immed: 'e:b-ka-'i. Compl: 'e:bi-ok/'e:b-ok; immed: 'e:bi-oka-'i/'e:b-oka-'i. Interr: 'e:b-him]: to stop crying ex: Vat o a(<va) 'e:b. He is going to stop crying. 'Oi g 'e:b! Stop crying immediately! M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) 'e:bhim. He is in the process of stopping crying. 'E:bioka'i/ 'e:boka'i)! Stop crying first! 'E:boka'ik 'am haha vo 'oi! Stop crying and then come with me!

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'e:bid/ 'e:bidam 'e:bid [s-] Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'e'ebid) [Neutr: def, indef and hort [s-]'e:bid; imper
sgs [s-]'e:bida-; concurs [s-]'e:bid-c. Interr: [s-]'e:bida-him. Dur: [s-]'e:bida-d]: to fear, to be afraid of, obj (same as 'e:b[i]id) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o 'e:bid. I will not be afraid of him. Nap 'e:bid/s'e:bid? Are you(sg) afraid of him/it? Nap ha'e:bid/ sha'e:bid? Are you(sg) afraid of them? 'E:bid/s'e:bid 'ac. We are afraid of him/it. Pi g a 'i 'e:bid. Don't be afraid of me. -- 'E:bidahim' a. I was afraid of him/it. Pi ha'icu 'an hu haha vo 'e:bidad haha va'a. In the future don't be fearing anything at all. Ku hab a(<va) masma a 'i s'e:bid ghekaj mat hab o a(<va) mua 'ep. In the same way I rather fear that he will kill me too. Tp(<'atp) 'am hi a(<va) cum melivk ab(<vab) ha'e:bidc pi 'in(<'an) hu hema habei. Although (I think) he did get there, being afraid of them he did not catch a single one of them.

'e:bid s-cu- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-cu-'e:bid; def s-cu-'e:bid-k. Dur: s-cu-'e:bid=ka-d.
Interr: s-cu-'e:bid=ka-him); pls: s-cu-'e'ebid]: to be fearful ex: 'lida'a 'o'odham 'o scu'e:bid/ha'icu s'e:bid. This man is fearful. Scu'e:bidkahim. He was fearful.

'e:bida N inalien [3rd pers sg 'e:bida-j]: fear

'e:bida= a nickname (my fear)

'e:bidac see Vtr s-'e:bidacud= to be afraid for somebody's sake. 'e:bidacud s- Vtr sgs (for pls see s-'e'ebidacud) [Neutr: def s-'e:bidac; indef s'e:bidacud]: to be afraid for obj's sake ex: Tt(<att) o sm'e'ebidac. We will be afraid for your sake.

'e:bidam s-cu- N subst sg [pl: s-cu-'e'ebidam]: coward, fearful one

ex: Nap sma:c hega'i scu'e:bidam/ha'icu s'e:bidam? Do you know that coward?

'e:bidam vu s-cu- Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu s-cu-'e:bidam; def vu s-cu'e:bidam=k. Dur: vu s-cu-'e:bidam=ka-d. Interr: vu s-cu-'e:bidam=ka-him); pls: vu s-cu-'e'ebidam]: to be a coward ex: Pi 'i (<'a) u scu'e:bidam. I am not a coward. Pi 'int(<'ant) u o scu'e:bidamk. I will not be a coward. Hek hu 'a u cum scu'e:bidamkahim. Formerly I used to be a coward.

'e:bidam s-ta- Adv sg [pl: s-ta-'e'ebidam]: frighteningly, dangerously

ex: Hi va sta-'a(<'o)-'e:bidam hab cu'ig hega'i Ho'ok. The Witch is indeed frightening. Sta-'a(<'o)-'e:bidam has ma:s. He/it looks frightening. Sta'e:bidam 'evua. He/it acts in a frightening way. Sta-'ant-'e:bidam ha'icu ce:ck. I had a frightening dream. Hegam 'o sta'e'ebidam cu'ig. They are frightening.

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'e:bidama/ 'e:kcud 'e:bidama s-ta- Stat [sgs (neutr: indef s-ta-'e:b-idama; def s-ta-'e:bidama=k. Dur: s-ta'e:bidama=ka-d. Interr: s-ta-'e:bidama=ka-him]: to be frightening, dangerous ex: Sta-'a(<'o)-'e:bidama hega'i 'o'odham. That man is dangerous. Sta-'a(<'o)-'e'e'bidama hegam 'o'odham. Those men are dangerous. Hega'i vo:g cum 'o sta'e:bidamakahim. That road used to be dangerous. Sta'e:bidama 'am veheji. He/it is dangerous for me.

'e:bidamakam s-ta- N subst sg [pl: s-ta-'e'ebidamakam]: frightening (one)

ex: Nap sma:c hega'i sta'e:bidamakam 'o'odham? Do you know that frightening man?

'e:bin see Vtr [s-]'e:b[i][id]= to be afraid of obj 'e:b[i][id] [s-] Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'e'ebe[id]) [Neutr: def 'e:bi; indef and hort
'e:bid/'e:bi. Correl: 'e:bid-k. Compl: 'e:bid-ok; immed: 'e:biid-oka-'i. Interr: 'e:bida-him/'e:bi-him. Dur: 'e:bida-d]: to be afraid of/ to fear obj (same as 'e:bid) ex: Kumt ababa pi vo a 'i 'e:bi! But don't (you pl) be afraid of him/it! 'E:bi/ s'e:bi 'ant. I am afraid of him/it. Pi g a 'i 'e:bi/s'e:bi/'e:bid/s'e:bid! Don't (you sg) fear him/it! Pi g 'am ha'e:bi/ha'e:bid! Don't (you sg) fear them! Pi 'i(<'a) 'e:bi/'e:bid. I am not afraid of him/it. Heg 'o ves ha'icu 'e:bid. He is afraid of everything. Cum 'a 'e:biihim/s'e:biihim/ 'e:bidahim/s'e:bidahim. I used to be afraid of him/it. Pi g a 'i 'e:bidad! Don't (you sg) be fearing him/it! -- Hei (<hea'i) o pi m'e:bidk 'i o jiva? Who without having feared you will come here?

'e:ka Vintr sgs (for pls see 'e:'eka) [Neutr: def 'e:ka. Compl immed: 'e:k-oka-'i. Interr:
'e:ka-him]: to get to be in the shade ex: Kui 'at 'i 'e:ka. The tree is now in the shade. Kui 'i 'e:kahim 'o. The tree is getting to be in the shade. 'I 'ant o 'i 'e:koka'i. I'll stay here in the shade (for a while).

'e:ka s- Vintr impers: to get, become, dark (about the time of the day)
ex: 'Am a si 'i s'e:ka ... After it had gotten very dark a 'i s'e:kahim. It is getting somewhat dark.

'e:kc semi Stat tr [Neutr: def 'e:kc. Interr: 'e:kc=ka-him. Dur: 'e:kci-d]: to have obj in the
shade ex: Nt m'e:kc. I'll keep you in the shade. M(<'am) ab 'i 'e:kcid! Keep me in the shade!

'e:kcud Vtr [Neutr: def and indef 'e:kcud. Interr: 'e:kcuda-him. Dur: 'e:kcuda-d]: to
shade obj with something (as with an umbrella) ex: M(< 'am) g ab 'i 'e:kcudad. Keep on shading me.

'e:kcud Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-'e:kcud. Interr: 'e-'e:kcuda-him; concurs 'e-'e:kcuda-hid-c]: to shade oneself (with an umbrella) ex: 'E'e:kcudahidc 'an him. He is walking while shading himself (with an umbrella)

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'e:kcudaku/ 'e:keg 'e:kcudaku N inalien: umbrella, parasol 'e:kcudaku Stat [Neutr: indef 'e:kcudaku; concurs 'e:kcudaku-c]: to have an
umbrella, a parasol ex: Ge 'e:kcudakuc 'an him. He is walking with an umbrella (unexpectedly).

'e:kdag N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg 'e:kda-j); pl: 'e:'ekdag]: shade, shadow (of an
animate entity) ex: Nap eid g 'e'e:kdag? Do you see your shadow? Nap eid g ha'e:'ekdag? Do you see their shadows?

'e:kdag in ha'icu 'e:kdag NExpr: shade, shadow (of an inanimate entity)

ki:-'e:kdag NComp: shade, shadow of a house kui-'e:kdag NComp indiv [pl: kukui-'e:'ekdag]: shade, shadow of a tree ex: Nap eid g kui-'e:kdag? Do you see the shadow of the tree? vatto-'e:kdag NComp: shade, shadow of a ramada

'e:kdaj N: shade, shadow of a specified entity (its shade) 'e:keg (assim of *'e:kag) N mass: shade
ex: a 'i shevhog 'i a(<va) 'e:kegc'e. It's quite cool here in the shade.

'e:keg N sg [pl: 'e:'ekeg]: negro (used in derision; ame as 'e:kegcu) 'e:keg vu Stat Expr [pls: vu 'e:'ekeg : to be a negro
ex: Heg 'o <vu) 'e:keg. He is a negro.

'e:keg Stat intr impers [Neutr: indef 'e:keg; def 'e:keg=k. Interr: 'e:keg=ka-him. Dur:
'e:keg=ka-d]: there is shade somewhere ex: Nt o da:kad mo 'om(<'am) 'e:keg. I will be sitting in the shade (where there is shade).

'e:keg (assim of *'e:kag) Stat intr: to be in the shade

ex: Nt 'am o 'e:kegkad gn hu do'agt'ab. I'll be in the shade up on the mountain.

'e:keg (assim of *'e:kag) Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'e:keg); pls: 'e:'ekeg]: to throw a
shadow, be reflected, somewhere ex: G 'a hu 'e:keg u:dagc'ea. I am reflected in the water. G hu 'e:'ekeg u:dagc'ea. They are reflected in the water.

'e:keg s- Stat intr impers Unit [Neutr: indef 's-e:keg; def s-'e:keg=k]: to be shady
somewhere ex: S'e:keg 'am kui veco. It's shady under the tree.

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'e:keg/ 'e:sto 'e:keg s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-'e:keg); pls: s-'e:'ekeg]: to be shady, dark, colored
ex: S'e:keg 'o hega'i kui. That tree is shady. S'e:'ekeg 'o hegam kukui. Those trees are shady. Heg 'o s'e:keg. He is colored. Hegam 'o s'e:'ekeg. They are colored.

'e:kegcu N subst alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'e:kegcu=ga-j); pl: 'e:'ekegcu]: colored one
(used in derision; same as 'e:keg)

'e:s see Vdtr 'e:sid= to steal obj from somebody 'e:sid Vdtr Unit (for Repet see 'e'esid) [Neutr: def 'e:s; indef and hort 'e:sid; imp sgs
'e:sida-; pls 'e:sid-o. Correl: 'e:sid-k. Compl: 'e:sid-ok; immed: 'e:sid-oka-'i. Interr: 'e:sida-him. Dur: 'e:sida-d.]: to steal obj from somebody ex: Vatk o m'e:s. He is going (evidential) to steal it from you. M(<'am) 'at ha'i m'e:s. He stole some from you. Cum hekid ha'icu 'e:sid. He always steals something from me. Pi g 'am ha'icu ha'e:sid. Don't steal anything from anybody. Pi g 'am 'e:sid g haivaga. Don't steal my cow from me. Pi g 'am 'e:sid. Don't steal it from me. Pi g 'am ha'e:sid g halialga. Don't steal their money from them. Pi g 'am ha'e:sid g lial. Don't steal money from anybody. Heg 'o cum 'e:sidahim. He used to steal it from me. Pi g 'am ha'e:sidad g lial. Don't be stealing money from anybody. 'e:sidk gm hu me:. Having stolen it from me he ran away.

'e:sidac see Vdtr 'e:sidacud= to steal obj for somebody 'e:sidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'e:sidac]: to steal obj for somebody
ex: Ha'i g 'e:sidacud! Steal some for me! M(<'am) 'ant ha'i ha'e:sidac hega'i g lial. I stole some money(bills) for him.

'e:sidam s- V subst dtr: to want to steal obj from somebody

ex: Cum 'o sm'e:sidam g mlialga. He wants to steal your money from you.

'e:sig N inalien aggreg [(1st pers sg -'e:sig; 3rd pers sg 'e:siga-j)]: booty, stolen goods 'e:skam s-cu- N subst [pl: s-cu-'e'eskam]: thief
ex: Nap sma:c hega'i scu'e:skam/ha'icu s'e:skam? Do you know that thief? Nap shama:c hegam scu'e'eskam/ha'icu s'e'eskam? Do you know those thieves?

'e:skam vu s-cu- Stat Expr [pls: vu s-cu-'e'eskam]: to be a thief

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) scu'e:skam. He is a thief.

'e:sto/'e'esto Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'e:sto/'e'esto; imper sgs 'e:sto-/'e'esto-, pls
'e:sto-yo/'e'esto-yo. Correl: 'e:sto-k/'e'esto-k; immed: 'e:sto-ka-'i/'e'esto-ka-'i. Interr: 'e:stohim/'e'esto-him]: to hide obj

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'e:sto/ 'e:stois
ex: B(<'ab) 'o him g Paul, nt(<kunt) o 'e'esto g nsi:galga. Paul is coming, I will hide my cigarette. Pi g 'am 'e:sto! Don't hide it! Pi g 'am ha'e:sto! Don't hide them! Heg 'o hek hu 'e:stohim/'e'esto-him g 'elialga 'am 'emo'ocku veco. He has already been hiding his money under his pillow. 'Am 'ant o 'e:stohid g lialga. I'll be hiding my money (keeping adding to the pile). 'I 'att o 'i 'e:stoka'i. We will hide it here (for the time being).

'e:sto/'e'esto Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'e-'e:sto/'e-'e'esto]: to hide oneself

ex: Pt o 'o(<'e)'e'esto mat hekid 'ab o himad g Paul. Hide yourself when Paul comes. S'a'ago 'ot (<'at) 'e'e:sto/ 'e'e'esto). He hid himself in a secret place. Pi g 'am 'e'e:sto/ 'e'e'esto! Don't hide yourself!

'e:sto/'e'esto Vreflex [Neutr: indef 'e-'e:sto/ 'e-'e'esto]: to hide oneself

again and again ex: Ta 'e vab o 'e:stoad/'e'estoad 'an heba'i. During the day I (will) just hide myself somewhere.

'e:sto/'e'esto Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'e''esto) [Neutr: indef 'e:sto/e'esto. Correl:
'e:sto-k/ 'e'esto-k. Interr: 'e:stoa-him/ 'e'estoa-him. Dur: 'e:stoa-d/ 'e'estoa-d]: to hide obj again and again ex: Heg 'o 'e:sto/'e'esto g 'elialga. He hides his money. Cum 'a hekid 'e:sto/'e'esto g lialga ma kekid hasko hihhim. I always hide my money when I go somewhere. Hegam kokson cum hekid 'e:sto/'e'esto g ha'icu hug. Those pack rats always hide food. Cum 'o 'e:sto/'e'esto g 'elialga. He is trying to hide his money. Hegam 'o cum 'e:sto/ 'e'esto g 'elialga. They are trying to hide their money. Cum 'a 'e:stoahim/'e'estoahim) g lialga. I used to hide my money. Nt haha vo 'e:stoad/'e'estoad g lialga mant hekid hasko o hihhimad. In the future I will be hiding my money when I go somewhere.

'e:stoi see Vdtr 'e:stoid= to hide obj from somebody 'e:stoid/'e'estoid Vdtr [Neutr: def 'e:stoi/ 'e'estoi; hort 'e:stoid/'e'estoid]: to hide obj
from somebody ex: Nt o m'e:stoi. I'll hide it from you. Pi g 'am 'e:stoid! Don't hide it from me! Pi g 'am ha'e:stoid/ha'e'estoid! Don't hide it from them!

'e:stois/'e'estois Stat [Neutr: indef 'e:stois/'e'estois; def 'e:stois=k/'e'estois=k. Interr:

'e:stois=ka-him/ 'e'estois=ka-him]: to be hidden ex: 'E:stois 'o g lial. The money is hidden. Pi 'ipt(<'apt) o 'eag, 'e:stois/ 'e'estois 'o . You won't find it, it is hidden. 'I mamce mas heba'i 'e'estois hega'i lial! Find out where the money is hidden! 'I mamce mas hebi o 'e'estoisk hega'i lial! Find out where the money is hidden!

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'e:stokc/ 'e:'el[i]d 'e:stokc semi Stat tr sgs (for pls see 'e:'estokc) [Neutr: def, indef, and hort 'e:stokc;
imper e:stokci-. Interr: 'e:stokci=ka-him. Dur: 'e:stokci-d]: to have obj hidden ex: Nap 'e:stokc? Do you(sg) have it hidden? Nap ha'e:stokc? Do you(sg) have them hidden? 'E:stokci g 'elialga! Have your money hidden!

'e:stokc semi Stat reflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'e:'estokc) [Neutr: def and indef 'e'e:stokc]: to have oneself hidden ex: Nt o 'e:stokc. I'll have myself hidden. 'E-'o-'o(<'e)'e:stokc. He has himself hidden. 'E'e:stokckahim. He has been keeping himself hidden. 'E-g-'e'e:stokcid! Keep yourself hidden! -- Nt o 'e:stokcid. I will keep myself hidden.

'e:stoa/ 'e'estoa Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'e''estoa) [Neutr: indef 'e:stoa/'e'estoa.
Interr: 'e:stoa-him/'e'estoa-him. Dur: 'e:stoa-d/'e'estoa-d]: to hide obj reiteratedly ex: Hegam kokson cum hekid 'e:stoa/ 'e'estoa g ha'icu hug. Those pack rats always hide food. Nt haha vo 'e:stoad/ 'e'estoad g lialga mant hekid hasko o hihhimad. In the future I will be hiding my money every time I go somewhere.

'e:'eb Vintr pls (for sgs see 'e:b) [Neutr: def 'e:'eb; imper 'e:'ebi-o/ 'e:'eb--o. Interr:
'e:'eb-him. Compl: 'e:'eb-ok; imme: 'e:'eb-oka-'i; imper: 'e:b-oka'i-o]: to stop crying ex: T(<'at) o a(<va) 'e:'eb. They are going to stop crying. 'E:'ebio/'e:'ebio! Stop crying! 'E:'eboka'io! Stop crying for a while! Cum 'o 'e:'ebhim mat hekid o 'i:'i g 'evi:bga. They used to stop crying when they were going to drink their milk. M(<'am) 'u(<'o) a(<va) 'e:'ebhim. They are in the process of stopping crying.

'e:'e N inalien mass [3rd pers sg 'e:'ea-j]: blood 'e:'e-mehidag NComp(?): charred blood 'e:'eka Vintr pls (for sgs see 'e:ka) [Neutr: def 'e:'eka]: to get to be in the shade
ex: Kui 'at 'i 'e:'eka. The trees are in the shade.

'e:'ekdag see N inalien 'e:kdag= shade, shadow 'e:'ekeg see N 'e:keg= negro 'e:'ekegcu see N 'e:kegcu= negro 'e:'el[i]d hab, has VExpr tr pls (for sgs see hab, has 'el[i]d) [Neutr: def hab/has 'e:'el;
indef and hort hab/has 'e:'elid]: to think of obj ex: Hegam 'o'odham 'am hab 'i 'e:'el g ta. Those men thought of the sun. a:m 'i 'e:'elid/Kum has 'e:'elid/Mams has 'i 'e:'elid? What are your(pl) thoughts about him/it? 'Am g o hob(<hab) 'i 'e:'elid g ta! Think (you pl) of the sun!

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'e:'el[i]d/ 'i 'e:'el[i]d hab VExpr reflex pls (for sgs see hab 'e-'el[i]d): to decide, make up one's
mind ex: a:m 'e'e:'elid? What have you(pI) decided? Kum 'ea hab 'e'e:'elid mamt 'am hab o ju:? But, have you(pl) decided to do it? Heu'u, kuc hab t'e:'elid. Yes, we have made up our minds. M(<'am) 'amt o hihi 'am gvui mam heba'i 'i(<'e)'e:'elid mamt 'am o hihi. You(pl) will go wherever you decide to go.

'e:'el[i]d has VExpr reflex pls (for sgs see has 'e-'elid) [Neutr: indef has 'e-'e:'elid.
Dur: has 'e-'e:'el[i]da-d]: to feel shame ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) has 'e'e:'eldad! Don't (you pl) be bashful!

'e:'el[i]d s- semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see s-e-'el[i]d): to feel ashamed, bashful
ex: Hegam 'o s'e'e:'elid. They are ashamed. -- Cum 'o s'e'e:'elidahim/s'e'e:'elidkahim. They used to be bashful. --Pi g o 'om(<'am) s'e'e:'eldad. Don't (you pl) be bashful.

'e:'elidc in ha'icu hab 'e:'elidc semi Stat Expr pls (for sgs see ha'icu hab 'elidc):
to have plans ex: Nam 'am ha'icu hab 'e:'elidc? Do you have plans?

'e:'estokc semi Stat tr pls (for sgs see 'e:stokc) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'e:'estokc;
imper: 'e:'estkci-o. Interr: 'e:'estokci=ka-him. Dur: 'e:'estokci-d]: to have obj hidden ex: Nam 'e:'estokc g 'elilialga? Do you(pl) keep your money hidden? 'E:'estokcio g 'elilialga! You(pl) keep your money hidden!

'e:'estokc semi Stat reflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'e:stokc) [Neutr: def and indef 'e'e:'estokc]: to have oneselves hidden ex: Hegam 'o 'o(<'e)'e:'estokc. They have themselves hidden. 'Im hu heba'i 'e'e:'estokc. They have themselves hidden somewhere. 'Im hu s'a'ago 'e'e:'estokc. They have themselves hidden in a secret place. Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'e'e:'estokcid! Don't be keeping yourselves hidden! Tt o t'e:'estokcid. We will be keeping ourselves hidden.

'i-

'i Aux Stat [def: 'i=k. Interruptive:'i=ka-him];: to be it

ex: 'I 'it(<'at) 'i gei. He fell down.-- Nt ababa vo shamai matp hekid o 'ik. But I'll find out when it will be.--Kunt 'am hab o ju: hega'i cikpan matp hascu u o 'ik. I'll be able to do the work whatever it might be.-- Hega'i gevkdaj ba'ivckim 'ikahim. His strength used to be greater than mine.

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'ia/ 'iajid 'ia (dial: 'iu) N inalien mass [distr: 'i''a]: saguaro fruit pulp
ex: Nt o hido g 'ia. I will cook my saguaro fruit pulp. M(<'am) 'ant ab o ho(<ha) hido g 'ia. I will cook only some of my saguaro fruit pulp. Vo hihhido g 'e'i''a! Each one of you will cook your respective saguaro fruit pulp!

'ia (dial: 'iu) Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i''a) [Neutr: indef 'ia. Interr:'ia-him. Dur: 'ia-d]: to
pick saguaro fruit (the fruits are peeled on the spot and only the pulp is gathered in a basket) ex: 'Ia 'a. I am picking saguaro fruit. 'Ia 'ac. We are picking it saguaro fruit. 'A a(<va) hek hu 'iahim. I have already picked saguaro fruit. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'iad! Keep on picking saguaro fruit!

'iagcud Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'i'agcud) [Neutr: def 'iagc; hort 'iagcud]: to make an
offering of obj to somebody (same as 'iagculid) ex: 'I a(<va) 'iagc. She offered it (the basket) to me (here).

'iagculid Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'i'agculid) [Neutr: def 'iagcul; hort 'iagculid]: to make
an offering of obj to somebody (same as 'iagcud) ex: 'I 'ant o m'iagcul 'i:da'a. Here I am offering this to you(sg).

'iags Stat intr [sgs (Neutr: indef 'iags; def 'iags=k. Interr: 'iags-ka-him); pls: 'i'ags]: to be
offered

'iagsid Vreflex impers [Neutr: def 'e-'iags; indef 'e-'iagsid]: to get offered
ex: 'I 'o 'e'iagsid. Here is the offering place (things get offered)

'iagt Vtr sgo (for plo see 'i'agt) [Neutr: def 'iagt]: to make an offering of obj (When a
girl has made her first basket, she is supposed to go to an experienced basket maker to whom she will either offer her first basket or something bought with the money from the sale of the first basket. The skill of the experienced basket maker is thus transmitted to the girl. Formerly the offering was accompanied by ceremonial touching by the experienced basket maker.) ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) 'iagt g hua, 'oia hab pi huataag. I did not make an offering of my (first) basket, that is why I am not a good basket maker. Nt o 'iagt 'i:da'a: bayoka 'am 'A'alHiha'it'am. I will make an offering of this necklace at the Children's Graves (a shrine).

'iagta N inalien indiv [pl: 'i'agta; distr: 'i''agta]: offering; wooden effigy of certain
animals which are supposed to cause sickness.

'iajid Vtr [Neutr: indef 'iajid]: to get all over obj

ex: 'iajid g mumuval. Flies are all over me. 'U'ukc g mumkidag c cum hascu 'iajid. (Flies) are carriers of diseases and get all over things.

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'ial/ 'iapt 'ial Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'al) [Neutr: def 'ial. Interr: 'ial[i]-him. Correl: 'ial[i]-him-k]:
to roll over ex: T o 'ial. It is going to roll over. 'I ge:k 'am 'i 'ialhim. It fell down and rolled over (with interruptions). M(<'am) 'at 'ialhimk g hu gei. After rolling over it stopped there.

'ialkaag s- Stat: to be steep downward (same as s-'agpaag)

ex: 'Ab 'o 'i s'ialkaag. It is a steep slope downward.

'iam see Vtr 'iame= to go picking saguaro fruit 'iame (dial: 'iume) Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'iamme) sgs (for pls see 'iayop)
[Neutr: def 'iam; hort 'iame]: to go picking saguaro fruit ex: Nt o 'iam. I'll go picking saguaro fruit. 'Iamea! Go pick saguaro fruit!

'iam ge Part Expr: negative opinion on the speaker's part

ex: 'Iam ge [s]kegaj. He is not nice, in my opinion. 'Iam ge [s]meldag. He is not a fast runner, in my opinion.

'iamme Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'iame) sgs [Neutr: indef 'iamme]: to go picking
saguaro fruit repeatedly ex: P hekid 'i 'iamme? When do you(sg) go picking saguaro fruit?

'iapa Vintr Unit (for Distr see 'i'apa) [Neutr: def 'iapa. Interr: 'iapa-him]: to come back
from gathering saguaro fruits ex: Napt 'iapa? Did you just come back from gathering saguaro fruits? 'Iapa 'ant. I just came back from gathering saguaro fruits. 'Iapahim 'o. She is on her way back from gathering saguaro fruits. 'iapa Vintr Unit (for Repet see 'i'apa): to come back reiteratedly from gathering saguaro fruits ex: Nt o 'ip 'iapa. First I'll come back from gathering saguaro fruits

'iapaa Vintr Unit (for Distr see 'i'apaa): to come back reiteratedly from gathering
saguaro fruits ex: P hekid 'i 'iapaa? When do you(sg) usually come back from gathering saguaro fruits? M hekid 'i 'iapaa? When do you(pl) usually come back from gathering saguaro fruits (which you gathered together)? 'Iapaa 'a ga hu 'i jujjud. I usually come back from gathering saguaro fruits in mid morning (between 9 and 10).

'iapt Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'iapt]: to fill a basket with the flour that falls from the
grindstone (same as 'iapud) ex: Heg 'apt 'an o 'iapt. I'll fill that (basket) with the flour that falls from the grindstone.

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'iapta/ 'iava 'iapta N inalien indiv [pl/distr: 'i'apta]: cradle (made of a rope wrapped around a blanket
and hung to a tree) ex: 'Ali 'o gn hu vo'o 'iaptac'e. The child is lying over there in the cradle.

'iapud Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'iapud. Correl: 'iapud-k]: to fill a basket with flour that
falls from the grindstone (same as 'iapt) ex: 'I bek g hua, 'ant o 'iapudk o cui g pilka. Bring (me) a basket, I am going to fill it after I grind the wheat.

'iattogid Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i'attogid) [Neutr: def 'iattog; hort and indef
'iattogid]: to lie to obj ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o m'iattog. I will not lie to you(sg). Pi 'itt(<'att) o m'iattog. We will not lie to you(sg). Pi g 'am 'iattogid. Don't lie to me. Pi g 'am ha'iattogid. Don't lie (to somebody). Heg 'o cum hekid ha'iattogid. He lies all the time (to somebody).

'iattog see Vtr 'iattogid= to lie to obj

'iattog N: lie, fake

'iattog vu Stat Expr: to be a lie, a fake

ex: 'Id 'o (<vu) ab 'iattog. This is just a lie. 'Idam 'o (<vu) ab 'iattog. These (thing) are just fakes.

'iattomk s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-'iattomk); pls: s-'i'attomk]: to be lying
ex: Heg 'o s'iattomk. He is lying. 'A:pi 'aptp pi 'iattomk. You may not have lied. Hegam 'o s'i'attomk. They are lying (liars).

'iattomkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-'i'attomkam]: liar

ex: Heg 'at hab o 'a: s'iattomkam. He will call me a liar.

'iattomkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-'i'attomkam]: to be a liar

ex: D(<vu) 'ap ab s'iattomkam. You(sg) are just a liar.

'iava Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'iavup; for Distr see 'i''ava) sing (for mult see 'i'ava)
[Neutr: def, indef and hort 'iava. Correl: 'iava-k. Interr: 'iavu-him. Dur: 'iava-d]: to throw away a pile of obj, to empty, spill, pour a containerful of obj ex: Nt o 'iava g a'i. I'll throw away the trash. Nt o 'iava g vapso 'am 'akc'e. I'll throw away the cans (they are in a pile or in a container) in the wash. M(<'am) g hu 'iava g tatpial! Throw away the papers (they are in a pile or in a container) over there! Gam g hu 'iava! Throw it/them away over there! M(<'am) g hu 'iava g mans:na, jeva 'atk! Throw away the apples (in a pile or in a container), they are rotten! M(<'am) g hu 'iava g bi:j vi'idag! Throw away what is left on his plate! M(<'am) g hu 'iava g habibi

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'iava/ 'iavid
vi:pi'idag. Throw away what is left on their plates. 'Am 'ac 'iava g taiga. We throw away our trash there. 'Am 'att o 'iavad g taiga. We will be throwing away our trash there. N(<'an) g ha 'iava g alcohol 'ana'i mat 'an kei g ko'ov. Pour some alcohol where the rattlesnake bit me. Pi g a 'i ha 'iava! Don't spill any of it! B(<vab) o 'iavuhimk o u:dad g va:lin! Keep on pouring in water until you have filled the tank!

'iava Vreflex [Neutr: def and indef 'e-'iava. Interr: 'e-'iavu-him]: to spill, run over ex: 'E'o-'iava g 'e:'e 'am nda:k 'e. My nose is bleeding (my blood in my nose is spilling itself). 'E-'et(<'at)-'e'iava g u:dag. The water has run over. --'E-'o-'e'iavuhim g kavh:. The coffee is running over.

'iava Vreflex impers Unit (for Repet see 'e-'iavup) [Neutr: def and indef 'e-'iava]; to
get thrown away ex: M(<'am) 'o ha'icu 'e'iava. Things are thrown away there. Mo hascu 'am vi'ihim g ha'icu hug k gm hu 'u(<'e)'iava. Whatever food is left, it is thrown away.

'iava Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-'iavup; for Distr see 'e-'i'iavup) pls (for sgs see 'e-ge:) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'e-'iava]: to fall down (same as m'iava or 'e-ulig)
ex: Vamt o 'i 'i(<'e)'iava. You(pl) are going to fall down. Tt o 'i t'iava. We are going to fall down. Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu 'i 'i(<'e)'iava! Don't (you pl) fall down!

'iava Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-ge:sid) to get tired out, exhausted (same as 'eul[i]gid)
ex: T'iava 'att. We are tired out.

'iavadk in ha'icu 'e-'iavadk NExpr: dumping place (where things are being thrown
away) a'i 'e-'iavadk NExpr [loc: a'i 'e-'iavadk 'am]: trash heap (where trash is being thrown away) ex: M(<'am) 'att hu o hihi mo 'om(<'am) g a'i 'e'iavadk 'am. Let's go to the trash heap.

'ia-vaag (dial: 'iu-vaag) NComp(?) alien mass: saguaro fruit juice 'iavid Vdtr [Neutr: def 'iav; hort and indef 'iavid]: to empty, spill, throw away, a
containerful of obj for somebody ex: M(<'am) 'at o ho(<ha)'iav g a'i. He is going (hearsay) to be a trash collector (throw away trash for somebody). M(<'am) 'at o ho(<ha)'iav g haa'iga. He is going to be their trash collector (throw away their trash for them). M(<'am) g 'iavid g kostal! Could you empty my bag (of cotton) for me! Ha'iavid g hakokstal. He empties their bags (of cotton) for them.

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'iavis/ 'ibhup 'iavis Stat [sing (Neutr: indef 'iavis; def 'iavisk); mult: 'i'iavis]: to form a pile
ex: Svaag hu: 'i hab ge 'iavis. Here is an unexpected pile of fresh corn. Hu: 'am ge 'i'avis. There are (unexpectedly) piles of corn over there.

'iav see Vdtr 'iavid= to empty, spill, throw away a containerful of obj for somebody 'iavup Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'iava) [Neutr: indef 'iavup. Interr: 'iavupa-him. Dur:
'iavupa-d]: to throw away a pile of obj repeatedly, to empty, spill, pour a containerful of obj repeatedly ex: M(<'am) 'a hu 'iavup g na'iga 'akc'e. I throw away my trash in the wash. 'I 'ac cum 'iavupahim g ta'iga. Here is where we used to throw away our trash. Cum 'o hekid 'iavup g u:dag. He always spills water.

'iavup Vreflex impers Repet (for Unit see 'e-'iava): to get thrown away repeatedly
ex: M(<'am) 'o 'o(<'e)'iavup g a'i. The trash is thrown away there.

'iavup Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-'iava) pls (for sgs see gega) [Neutr: indef 'e'iavup]: to fall down repeatedly (same as m'iavup or 'e-uhullig) ex: Cum hekid 'i 'i(<'e)'iavup. They fall down each time.

'iayop (dial: 'iuyop) Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i''o) pls (for sgs see 'iame) [Neutr: def
'iayo; hort 'iayop]: to go picking saguaro fruit ex: Tt o 'iayo. We'll go picking saguaro fruit. M(<'am) g hu o 'iayop! Go picking saguaro fruit over there! M hekid 'i 'iayop? When do you go picking saguaro fruit?

'ibhunc see Vtr 'ibhuncud= to wind (a horse) 'ibhuncud Vtr sgo (for plo see 'i'ibhuncud) [Neutr: def 'ibhunc; hort 'ibhuncud]: to
wind (a horse) ex: Pt o 'ibhunc g 'eoiga. You are going to wind your horse.

'ibhuim N subst sg [pl: 'i'ibhuim]: winded horse 'ibhuim vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'i'ibhuim]: to be a winded horse
ex: D(<vu) 'o 'ibhuim. It is a winded horse. D(<vu) 'o 'i'ibhuim. They are winded horses.

'ibhup Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhup) [Neutr: def 'ibhup. Interr: 'ibhupa-him]: to gasp
for breath, to be out of breath ex: 'Ibhup 'ant. I got out of breath. 'Ibhupahim 'a. I am out of breath (with interruptions)

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'ibhupa/ 'ihugga 'ibhupa Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhupa) [Neutr: indef 'ibhupa. Interr: 'ibhupaahim. Dur: 'ibhupaa-d: to pant, puff ex: Nap 'ibhupa? Are you(sg) puffing?

'id see 'i:da'a= this 'idam see 'i:da'a= this 'idam see Stat Expr vu 'i:da'a= to be him/her/it 'ida Part: now, nowadays, at present
ex: 'Ab ki:kahim mo 'ida vu a(<va) 'i hetasp 'ahidag. I used to live up there five years ago. T(<kut) 'e'ai ma 'ida hahehemapad g hemajkam. It is now the time when I gather the people (for Mass). ia k hab 'a'aga mo hemu 'ida 'an ma:s 'aba'i. Well, it is said that it is still visible up there, nowadays. Heg 'o hob(<hab) 'u:v mapt 'ida 'i 'ep ha'u'apa g hemajkam. It smells of the people that you have just now brought back. hekid 'at o 'i jiva hega'i m'am 'ida pi ha'icu. ... when he arrives that fellow who is not here now. ia hab masma hab cu'ig 'ida. Well, that is how they are nowadays.

'iham Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'iham]: to delay obj

ex: Pt o 'iham. You are going to delay me. Pi g 'am 'iham! Don't (you sg) delay me! Pi g 'am t'iham! Don't (you sg) delay us! Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'iham! Don't delay me!

'ihamadaj vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'i'ihamdaj]: to be slow at getting ready

ex: Heg'i (<vu) 'ihamadaj. He is slow. Hegam 'o (<vu) 'i'ihamdaj. They are slow.

ihug (dial: 'ihog) N alien aggreg or indiv alien [pl/distr: 'i'ihug]: devilsclaw (pods or
bushes; Martynia parviflora) ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'ihug 'am 'oidagc'e. I saw a few devilsclaw bushes in the field. Nt o ha'i mnolot g 'ihug. I'll buy a few devilsclaw pods from you.

'ihugag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'i'ihugag): to be full of devilsclaw bushes
in one location ex: S'ihugag 'am m'oidag 'e. There is a lot of devilsclaw in your field. 'Ihugaj Adv: a nickname (like-devilsclaw)

'ihugame Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see 'ihugo) [Neutr: def 'ihugam; hort 'ihugame]: to
go after devilsclaw ex: Nt o 'ihugam. I'll go after devilsclaw.

'ihugga Stat intr sgs [pls: 'i'ihugga]: to have devilsclaw

ex: Nap ge 'ihugga? Do you(sg) have devilsclaw? Nap ha'i 'ihugga? Do you(sg) have some devilsclaw? Nam ge 'i'ihugga? Do you(pl) have any devilsclaw?

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'ihugga/ 'ikus'ihugga s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'i'ihugga]: to have a lot of devilsclaw

ex: Nap s'ihugga? Do you(sg) have a lot of devilsclaw? Nam s'i'ihugga? Do you(pl) have a lot of devilsclaw?

'ihugga vu Stat Expr [sing: vu 'ihugga; mult: vu 'i'ihugga]: to be somebody's

devilsclaw ex: D(<vu) 'o 'ihuggaj. It is her devilsclaw. Heg 'o (<vu) 'ihugga. It is the devilsclaw of that one. D(<vu) 'o ho(<ha)'i'ihugga. It is their devilsclaw.

'ihuggam N subst: a place where there is devilsclaw 'ihug-kai NComp: devilsclaw seeds 'ihugo Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ihugame) [Neutr: def 'ihugo]: to go after devilsclaw
ex: Tt o 'ihugo. We'll go after devilsclaw.

'ikus (dial: 'iks) N inalien mass: cloth, canvas

ex: 'Ikuskaj 'an hobinoc g 'emacpu. His finger is bandaged (wrapped with cloth).

'ikus N inalien indiv [pl: 'i'ikus]: pieces of material 'ikus Stat: to be wearing a piece of cloth
ex: a: 'o ma:s 'ikus? What kind of cloth is he wearing? S'uam 'o 'ikus. He is wearing a piece of yellow cloth.

'ikus-ki: NComp: tent (canvas house) 'ikust Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'i'ikust) [Neutr: def and hort 'ikust]: to make obj into a
quilt ex: Nt o hema 'ikust. I'll make a quilt. 'i'ikus m(<'am) 'ant o 'ikust. I'll make a quilt out of my (left over) pieces of material.

'ikusta N: act of making a quilt 'ikusta N inalien [pl: 'i'ikusta]: quilt in process of being made 'ikus-vako NComp: water bag (canvas canteen) 'ikus-vakus NComp [1st pers sg -'ikus-vakus; 3rd pers sg 'ikus-vakusi-j]: carpeting
(canvas flooring) ex: S'evia g 'ikus-vakus. My carpeting is worn out.

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'iol/ 'ip[k] haha 'iol N aggreg: a variety of green berries (tasting like apples) 'iol see Vtr 'iol[i]d= to fry, stir obj 'iol[a]gid Vtr [Neutr: def 'iolag; hort 'iolgid. Correl: 'iolgid-k]: to fry (with lard and seasoning), stir, mix, obj (same as 'iol[i]d)
ex: Nt o 'iolag g hido. I'll fry my food. M(<'am) g 'i 'iolgid! Stir it!

'iol[a]gid Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'iolag]: to get mixed together

ex: Mu'i ha'icu o 'o(<'e)'iolag. Many things will get mixed together.

'iolag see Vtr 'iol[a]gid= to fry, stir, mix obj 'iolags s-'e Stat [Neutr: indef s-'e-'iolags. Interr: s-'e-'iolags=ka-him. Dur: s-'e'iolags=ka-d]: to be mixed together

'ioldaku N inalien sg indiv [pl: 'i'oldaku; distr: 'i''oldaku]: bean pot (used for frying
beans; same as 'iolgidaku)

'iolgidaku N inalien sg indiv [pl: 'i'olgidaku; distr: 'i''olgidaku ]: bean pot (used for
frying beans; same as 'ioldaku)

'iol[i]d Vtr [Neutr: def 'iol; hort 'iolid]: to fry, stir (same as 'iol[a]gid) 'Iolkam N: name of a mountain (one-having-iol-berries) 'ip see 'ipk 'ip[k] (assimil: 'op[k] and so on ...) Conj: first ...then
ex: Mant 'am o 'ip[k]. I will, but later (I will first finish what I am doing). Nt o 'ip[k] va na:to g ncikpan. First I will finish my work. M 'ant o a(<va) m'a:g mant o 'op[k] a(<va) na:to g ncikpan. I will tell it to you, but first I will finish my work. Mat u o 'ip[k] 'i gi'ik tak, nt 'am o a(<va) hi:. After four days, I'll go there. Pi 'i(<'a) cegto, nt o 'op[k] 'am 'i 'oidahi. I do not remember, I'll have to think about it first.

'ip[k] ...haha Conj Expr: first ...then

ex: T(<kut) o 'op[k] hab si'al 'i ke:, nt hab haha vo cei. I will tell him after dawn (first it will dawn, then I will tell him). Vo 'ip[k] huuk 'at haha vo jiva. He will arrive (hearsay) after sunset. M(<'am) 'ant hab o 'ip[k] mjuidka'ik haha vo hi:. I will do it for you before I go. M(<'am) 'att o 'ip[k] je:jenoka'ik 'am haha 'ep o 'i onvic. We will have a smoke before we resume it (the singing)..

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s'ip[k] hekid/ 'i'agcud 'ip[k]... hekid/ hekid ...'ipk[]: Conj Expr: until
ex: M(<'am) g ab 'i himadc o 'ip[k] hekid g hu jiva! Keep on walking until you get there!-- Vat o 'eve:m ce'eceveda kut hekid o 'ip[k] bai. They will grow together until they ripen. --C hekid o 'ip[k] scuckad 'ant haha vo hihhimad. And every day I'll be going until after dark.

'ipu N inalien indiv sg [pl: 'i'ipu; distr: 'i''ipu]: skirt, dress

ex: Ha'i 'ant sha'o:hod g 'i'ipu. I am tired of some of my dresses.

'ipucud Vdtr sing (for mult see 'i'ipucud) [Neutr: def 'ipuc; hort 'ipucud]: to
make a skirt, a dress for somebody out of obj

'ipucud Vreflex tr: to make oneself a skirt, dress with obj

ex: Nt o ho(<ha) bei g lo:ba t(<kut) o s'o'oik, vo hema 'ipuc. I'll get some material with designs to make me a skirt/dress. Nt o hema 'ipuc 'i:d'a lo:ba m'i a ka:c. I'll make myself a dress/skirt with this material that is right here.

'ipuad Vreflex [Neutr: def and hort 'ipuad. Correl: 'ipuad-k]: to put on a skirt,
kilt (of the navijh), dress ex: Nt o 'ipuad. I'll put on my skirt, dress.

'iput Vtr sing (for mult see 'i'iput): to make a skirt, dress with obj
ex: Nt o hema 'iput 'i:da'a lo:ba m'i a ka:c. I'll make a skirt/dress with this material that is here.

'iskaliv (Span: escalera) N inalien sg indiv [pl: 'i'iskaliv]: ladder 'isk:va/'isk:bli (Span: escoba, escobilla) N sg [pl: 'i'iskkova/ 'i'iskkobli]: chisel 'ispi N inalien sg indiv [pl/distr: 'i'ispi]: pantry, larder, store room 'ispul N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers 'ispuli-j); pl: 'i'ispul; distr: 'i''ispul]: spur
ex: B g cu:ci'a g 'e'i'ispul! Put your spurs on!

'istliv (Span: estribo) [pl: 'i'istliv]: stirrup 'istvho (Span: estufa) N inalien sg indiv [pl: 'i'isttuvho]: stove 'i'agcud Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'iagcud) [Neutr: def 'i'agc; hort 'i'agcud]: to make an
offering of obj to somebody (same as 'i'agculid) ex: 'I a(<va) 'i'agc. She offered them to me.

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'i'agculid/ 'i'ava 'i'agculid Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'i'agculid) [Neutr: def 'i'agcul; hort 'i'agculid]: to make
an offering of obj to somebody (same as 'i'agcud)

'i'ags see Stat 'iags= to be offered 'i'agt Vtr plo (for sgo see 'iagt) [Neutr: def 'i'agt]: to make an offering of obj
ex: Nt o 'i'agt 'idam babyoka 'am 'A'al-Hiha'it'am. I will make an offering of these necklaces at the Children's Graves.

'i'agta see N 'iagta= offering, wooden effigy of certain animals 'i'aji Adv: from here, from now on
ex: T 'i'aji o sm'e:bidad g hemajkam. From now on, the people will fear you. ... mat 'i'aji o gi'ik tak, t o bai. ... four days from now, it will ripen. Ku 'i'aji hu 'am a(<va) shama:c. I found out about them from here.

'i'al Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ial) [Neutr: def 'i'al]: to roll over 'i'apa Vintr Distr (for Unit see 'iapa): to come back from gathering saguaro fruits
ex: 'I'apa 'att. Each one of us has just come back from gathering saguaro fruits.

'i'apa Vintr Distr (for Unit see 'iapa): to come back from gathering saguaro fruits
ex: Tt o 'ip 'i'apa. First, each one of us will come back from gathering saguaro fruits.

'i'apaa Vintr Distr (for Unit see 'iapaa): to come back from gathering saguaro fruits
reiteratedly ex: M hekid 'i 'i'apaa? When does each one of you usually come back from gathering saguaro fruits? 'I'apaa 'ac ga hu 'i jujjud. Each one of us usually comes back from gathering saguaro fruits mid morning (between 9 and 10). 'i'apta see N 'iapta= cradle

'i'attogid Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'iattogid) [Neutr: def 'i'attog; indef and hort
'i'attogid]: to lie to obj ex: Ha'i'attog g 'eje:j. Each one of them lied to their respective mothers.

'i'attomk see Stat s-'iattomk= to be lying, a liar 'i'attomkam see N subst s-'iattomkam= liar 'i'ava Vtr mult (for sing see 'iava) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'i'ava]: to throw away
several piles of obj, to empty, spill, pour several containerfuls of obj

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'i'ava/ 'i'ibhaig
ex: M(<'am) g hu ha'i'ava g tatpial! Throw away the papers (several piles or several containerfuls of them)!

'i'avis see Stat 'iavis= to form a pile 'i'avup Vreflex Distr (for Unit see 'e-'iava) [Neutr: indef 'e-'i'avup]: to fall down one
after the other (same as 'e-uhullig and m'i'avup) ex: 'I 'i(<'e)'i'avup. They fell down one after the other.

'i'i- Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'i:'e; for Distr see 'i:'i) [Neutr: def 'i:; hort 'i:-'i; imper sgs
'i'i-, pls 'i'i-vo. Correl: 'i'i-k; immed: 'i'i-ka-'i. Compl: 'i'-ok; immed: 'i'-oka-'i. Interr: 'i'ihim.]: to drink obj ex: He'ekia 'i ha'i g kokoba? How many drinks did you have (how many glasses did you drink)? Pi 'int(<'ant) haha 'ep o ho(<ha) 'i: g navait. I will not drink any wine again. 'Al cem g 'ab 'i:'i! Drink a little bit of it! Pi g 'am hu ge'e 'ab 'i:'i! Don't drink too much of it! Hek hu 'a cum si 'i'ihim g kavh:. Formerly, I used to drink a lot of coffee. Vi:b 'i'ihim 'ok c hab ma:s. He has been drinking milk and it shows. Nt o 'i'ihid. I'll be drinking it (with interruptions). T o 'i'ihidc o himad. He'll be drinking it as he goes. 'I'oka'i! Have a drink first (you sg)! 'I'oka'io! Have a drink first (you pl)! Nt o 'i'oka'ik haha vo koi. I'll have a drink and then I'll go to bed. Pt o 'i'oka'i napt voho 'i ab o jiva! Have a drink first, although you did not come here for that reason! (welcoming formula) mehi 'ant cum 'i'ok g kavh:. I burnt myself in drinking coffee. 'I'ok gm hu hi:. He drank it and left. S'i'imcud, nt o himk o ho(<ha) 'i'ok. I feel like a drink, I'll go and get a drink (drink some).

'i'i- Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'i:]: to get to be drunk

ex: ia k 'am hab 'e'i: g navait ba'ic ' i ma:sig. Well, and wine was drunk the next morning.

'i'iad Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'i'iad]: to drink obj one after the other
ex: B(<'ab) g o 'i'iad! Drink it one after the other!

'i'ibam see 'i'ibko'i- = to choke 'i'ibdag see N 'i:bdag= heart 'i'ibdag see N 'i:bdag= fruit (of a plant) 'i'ibdag see Stat 'i:bdag= to have fruits (about a plant) 'i'ibdag see Stat s-'i:bdag= to have a lot of fruits (about a plant) 'i'ibhai see N 'i:bhai= prickly-pear fruit 'i'ibhaig s- Stat Distr (for Unit see s-'i:bhaig): to be full of prickley pear fruits in
various locations ex: S'i'ibhaig 'o . There is a lot of prickley pears (in various places).

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'i'ibhaimag/ 'i'ibhupa 'i'ibhaimag see Stat s-'i:bhaimag= to be blueish purple 'i'ibhiopha Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:bhio) [Neutr: def 'i'ibhiopha]: to regain one's
breath ex: Namt 'i'ibhiopha? Have you(pl) regained your breath?

'i'ibhu Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:bhu) [Neutr: def and hort 'i'ibhu]: to breathe, to take a
breath ex: B(<'ab) g o si 'i'ibhu! Take a deep breath (you pl)! 'i'ibhui see N 'i:bhui= breath, breathing

'i'ibhuimad Vtr pls (for sgs see 'i:bhuimad): to blow on obj (ceremonial blowing)
ex: Mamakai 'o ho(<ha)'i'ibhuimad. Medicine men blow on people (them).

'i'ibhuiva Vtr (for Repet see 'i'ibhuivup; for Distr see 'i:'ibhuivapa) [Neutr: def,
hort and indef 'i'ibhuiva]: to exhale obj

'i'ibhuiva Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'i:bhuiva): to catch one's breath
ex: Namt 'e'i'ibhuiva? Have you(pl) caught your breath?

'i'ibhuivo Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:bhuivo) [Neutr: def 'i'ibhuivo. Correl: 'i'ibhuivo-k;
immed: 'i'ibhuivo-ka-'i]: to catch one's breath ex: Tt o 'ip 'i'ibhuivoka'i! Let us first regain our breath!

'i'ibhuivup/'i'ivhuivap Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'i'ibhuiva) pls: to exhale obj
ex: 'I hohovickvupc 'ab 'i 'i'ibhuivup. They inhale it (cigarette smoke) and exhale it repeatedly.

'i'ibhuncud Vtr plo (for sgo see 'ibhuncud) [Neutr: def 'i'ibhunc; hort 'i'ibhuncud]:
to wind horses ex: Pt o ho(<ha)'i'ibhunc g 'eooiga. You are going to wind your horses.

'i'ibhuim see N subst 'ibhuim= winded horse 'i'ibhuim see Stat Expr vu 'ibhuim= to be a winded horse 'i'ibhup Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ibhup) [Neutr: def 'i'ibhup. Interr 'i'ibhupa-him]: to
gasp for breath ex: 'I'ibhup 'att. We are out of breath. 'I'ibhupahim 'ac. We are gasping for breath. 'i'ibhupa Vintr pls (for sgs see 'ibhupa) [Neutr: indef 'i'ibhupa]: to pant ex: Nam 'i'ibhupa? Are you panting?

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'i'ibkok/ 'i'icuddam 'i'ibkok see V intr 'i'ibko'i- = to choke 'i'ibko'i-/'i'ibam Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:bam) [Neutr: def 'i'ibk/ 'i'ibam. Correl:
'i'ibko-k/'i'ibam-k. Interr: 'i'ibko'i-him/'i'ibama-him]: to get out of breath, to choke ex: Namt 'i'ibam/ 'i'ibk? Are you(pl) out of breath? --'I'ibamahim/ 'i'ibko'ihim 'ac. We are getting out of breath.

'i'ibko'icud Vtr plo (for sgo see 'i:bamcud) [Neutr: def 'i'ibko'ic; indef 'i'ibko'icud.
Correl: 'i'ibko'icud-k]: to take the breath out of obj away, to choke obj ex: Vab 'am 'i ha'i'ibko'ic. It/he took their breath away completely. Vab 'am 'i ha'i'ibko'icudk 'am 'i hakokda ves. Having choked them, it killed them all.

'i'ibko'icudc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see 'i:bamcudc) [Neutr: indef 'i'ibko'icudc.
Dur: 'i'ibko'icudci-d]: to have obj waiting (when he should be somewhere else on time) ex: Pi g 'am t'i'ibko'icudcid! Don't make us wait!

'i'ic see Vtr 'i'icud= to give to drink to obj, to water obj 'i'icud Vtr [Neutr: def 'i'ic; indef and hort 'i'icud. Correl: 'i'icud-k. Compl: 'i'icud-ok.
Interr: 'i'icuda-him; concurs 'i'icuda-him-c. Dur: 'i'icuda-d.]: to give to drink to obj, to water obj ex: Nt o 'i'ic g ko:ji noiga. I'll water my pig. Ha'ij 'am ha'u'a g 'al huha heg'ab ha'i'icud g 'eooiga. Some of them have kinds of baskets in which they give water to their horses. ia tp hema 'am 'i'icudahimc 'am a(<va) 'i vavac ... Well, someone having watered (his horse) until it had quenched its thirst ... K 'ab 'eta:tk mat o 'opk (<'ipk) a 'i'icudok haha vo 'i ha'oi. And he felt that he should water (his horse) first, before he rejoined them.

'i'icud in ha'icu 'e-'i'icud VExpr reflex: to be under treatment (to be given

something to drink)

'i'icudac see Vdtr 'i'icudacud= to give to drink to obj for somebody 'i'icudacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'i'icudac; hort 'i'icudacud]: to give to drink to obj for
someobody ex: Nt o 'i'icudac g ko:ji. I'll give water to the pig for him. 'Oi g 'i'icudacud g ko:ji! Give water to the pig for me riszght away!

'i'icudaku N inalien aggreg [distr: 'i:'icudaku]: trough (same as 'i'iku) 'i'icuddam in ha'icu ha'i'icuddam subst NExpr: a type of medicine man (the one
that makes something to drink for people)

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'i'idag/ 'i'ihogig 'i'idag N inalien mass [sg (3rd pers sg i'ida-j); distr: 'i''idag]: drink
ex: Nt o ho(<ha) 'i: hega'i 'i'idag. I'll drink some of that drink.

'I'idag in Navait-'I'idag NComp inalien [1st pers pl: t-Navait-'I'idag]: Wine Drinking
Ceremony (also called 'I'idag)

'i'idag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'i''idag]: to be a heavy drinker

ex: Hega'i 'o'odham 'o s'i'idag. That man is a heavy drinker. Hegam 'o s'i''idag. They are heavy drinkers.

'i'idkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-'i''idkam]: heavy drinker 'i'idkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-'i''idkam]: to be a heavy drinker
ex: Si voho mo (<vu) s'i'idkam. He is a real heavy drinker.

'i'ihamdaj see Stat Expr vu 'ihamadaj= to be slow at getting ready 'i'iho see Vintr 'i'ihog= to cough 'i'ihog Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i''ihog) [Neutr: def 'i'iho; hort and indef 'i'ihog; imper sgs
'i'ihoga-. Interr: 'i'ihog-him]: to cough ex: 'I'iho 'ont(<'ant) I coughed (once). 'I 'i'ihog, m(<'am) g hu 'i'ihog. Cough, cough (it) out. 'I'ihog 'o. He is coughing. B(<'ab) 'o 'i'ihoghim. He is coming this way coughing (with interruptions).

'i'ihogc see Vtr impers 'i'ihogcud= to make obj cough 'i'ihogcud Vtr impers sgo (for plo see 'i''ihogcud) [Neutr: def 'i'ihogc; indef
'i'ihogcud. Correl: 'i'ihogcud-k. Interr: 'i'ihogcuda-him. Dur: 'i'ihogcuda-d]: to make obj cough ex: T o m'i'ihogc. It will make you cough (once).-- T o m'i'ihogcudad. It will make you be coughing. T o a m'i'ihogc, pt o 'i: g kula. If it makes you cough, take medicine. 'i'ihogcud 'o. I have a cold (it is making me cough). Nomaigcudk 'i'ihogcud. I cough because I caught cold.

'i'ihogdam N subst sg [pl: 'i''ihogdam]: tubercular (a person who has tuberculosis) 'i'ihogdam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: 'i''ihogdam]: to be a tubercular, to have tuberculosis
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'i'ihogdam. He has tuberculosis. --Hegam 'o (<vu) 'i''ihogdam. They have tuberculosis.

'i'ihogig N: coughing, cough

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'i'ihogig-/ 'i'im 'i'ihogig-kula NComp(?): cough medicine (medicine to cure cough) 'i'ihogig-mumkidag NComp(?): tuberculosis (coughing disease) 'i'ihug see N 'ihug= devilsclaw 'i'ihugag/'i''ihugag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'ihugag): to be full of
devilsclaw in several locations ex: S'i'ihugag 'o 'om(<'am) ha'o'oidag 'e. There is a lot of devilsclaw in their fields.

'i'ihugga see Stat Expr vu 'ihugga= to be somebody's devilsclaw 'i'ihugga see Stat intr 'ihugga= to have devilsclaw 'i'ihugga see Stat intr s-'ihugga= to have a lot of devilsclaw 'i'ikam vu Stat Expr: to be one drinking something
ex: Ciij ab hab 'i sgak natp hemu u 'i u:dag-'i'ikam. His mouth was completely parched because he had not drunk any water in a long time.

'i'ikam vu Stat Expr reflex: to be a drinking bout

ex: Mo vaha vu a(<va) 'i 'e'i'ikam. The drinking bout is still going on. 'i'iku N inalien aggreg [distr: 'i:'iku]: trough (same as 'i'icudaku)

'i'ikus N inalien [1st pers sg -'i'ikus]: bedding (including sheets and blankets) 'i'ikus N inalien aggreg: pieces of left over material, rags
ex: 'i'ikus m(<'am) 'ant o 'ikust. I'll make a quilt out of my left over pieces of material.

'i'ikust Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'ikust): to make obj into a quilt, a blanket, repeatedly
ex: 'I'ikust 'a. I make quilts. 'i'ikusta see N 'ikusta= quilt in process of being made 'i'im see Vtr 'i'ime= to go and drink obj

'i'im s- V subst tr: to feel like drinking obj

ex: Maptp o s'i'im, m(<'am) g ab 'a:gid. If you(sg) feel like having a drink (of it), just tell me. Nap s'i'im? Would you(sg) like to have a drink (of it)?

'i'im Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'i:m): to greet obj by the kinship term
ex: Ha g o 'i'im g 'ehahaju! Each one of you, greet your respective relatives by the kinship terms!

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'i'imcud/ 'i'imme 'i'imcud s- semi Stat impers tr Unit (for Repet see s-'i'immkcud) [Neutr: def s-'i'imc;
indef s-'i'imcud. Interr s-'i'imcud=ka-him. Dur: s-'i'imcud=ka-d/s-'i'imcuda-d]: to make obj feel like drinking something ex: No sm'i'imcud? Do you feel like having a drink (of it)? Heu'u s'i'imcud. Yes, I feel like having a drink (of it). Pi 'o 'i'imcud hemu. No, I don't feel like having a drink right now. Nat sm'i'imc? Do you want a drink (of it)? Tt o ho(<ha) va'igk g u:dag t o s'i'imcudkad/s'i'imcudad. Let's take some water along, I'll want to have a drink. 'i'ime Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'i'imme) sgs (for pls see 'i'op) [Neutr: def 'i'im; hort 'i'ime]: to go and drink obj ex: Nt o 'i'im g navait. I'll go to the wine ceremony (to drink wine). M(<'am) g hu 'i'ime g navait! Go (you sg) to the wine ceremony!

'i'imgam see Stat Expr vu 'i:mgam= to be related to 'i'imigim in has 'e-'i'imigim/'e-'i'imigam NExpr reflex: a pair of in-laws 'i'imigim in vu has 'e-'i'imigim/ 'e-'i'imigam StatExpr: to be in-laws
ex: D(<vu) 'o has 'e'i'imigam. They are in-laws (to each other).

'i'imig see N 'i:mig= relative, kin, kinship 'i'imig see NExpr has 'i:mig= in-law
'i'imk s- Stat tr [sgs (Neutr: indef and def s-'i'imk); pls (Neutr: indef and def s-'i''imk)]: to be a drinker (of alcohol), to want to drink obj ex: Heg 'o s'i'imk. He is a drinker (of alcohol). Hegam 'o s'i''imk. They are drinkers (of alcohol).--Heg 'o g vi:u s'i'imk. He is a whiskey drinker.--Nap s'i'imk? Do you(sg) want a drink? Heg 'o s'i'imk g u:dag. He wants a drink of water. Maptp o s'i'imk o 'a:g! If you feel like having a drink, tell me!

'i'imkam s- N subst [pl: s-'i''imkam]: drinker (of alcohol)

ex: Nap sma:c hega'i s'i'imkam? Do you know that drinker (of alcohol)? Nap shama:c hegam s'i''imkam? Do you know those drinkers (of alcohol)? vi:u s'i'imkam NExpr: a whiskey drinker ex: Nap sma:c hega'i vi:u s'i'imkam? Do you know that whiskey drinker' 'i'imkam vu s- Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu s-'i''imkam]: to be a drinker (of alcohol) vi:u s'i'imkam vu Stat Expr: to be a whiskey drinker ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vi:u s'i'imkam. He is a whiskey drinker.

'i'imme Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'i'ime) sgs [Neutr: indef 'i'imme ]: to go and drink
obj repeatedly

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'i'immkcud/ 'i'ita 'i'immkcud s- semi Stat impers tr Repet (for Unit see s-'i'imcud): to make obj feel
like drinking something repeatedly ex: S'i'immkcud g kavh: hek hu kc hemu haha pi 'i'imcud. Before, I used to feel like drinking coffee all the time, but now I don't.

'i'imtalig s- Stat: to be thirst producing

ex: S'onk ha'icu 'o hob(<hab) a(<va) a 'i s'i'imtalig. Salty food is quite thirst producing.

'i'inam see s- Stat s-'i:nam= to be hungry for meat 'i'ink see s- Stat s-'i'iko'i- = to be hungry for meat 'i'inko'i- Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:nam) [Neutr: def 'i'ink]: to become hungry for meat
ex: 'I'ink 'att. We are hungry for meat.

'i'ipu see N 'ipu: skirt, dress 'i'ipucud Vdtr mult (for sing see 'ipucud) [Neutr: def 'i'ipuc; hort 'i'ipucud]: to
make skirts/ dresses for somebody out of obj

'i'iput Vtr mult (for sing see 'iput): to make skirts/ dresses with obj 'i'iskaliv see N 'iskaliv= ladder 'i'iskkobli see N 'isk:bli= chisel 'i'iskkova see N 'isk:va= chisel 'i'ispi see N 'ispi= pantry, larder 'i'ispul see N 'ispul= spur 'i'ispul in cucul-'i'ispul NComp aggreg: lark spurs (a flower; also called kukovu:pulim)

'i'istliv see N 'istliv= stirrup 'i'isttuvho see N 'istvho= stove 'i'ita Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'i:t): to get a containerful of obj repeatedly, to scoop up
obj repeatedly (used only with aggregate or individual nouns) ex: Nt o 'i'ita g jevu. I'll scoop up a containerful (basketfuls, bucketfuls, boxfuls) of soil in lumps each time. Nt o 'i'ita g pilka. I'll scoop up a containerful of wheat each time.

'i'ita Vreflex Repet (for Unit see 'e-'i:t): to get scooped up with a container or a shovel
repeatedly ex: Mo hekaj 'e'i'ita g jevu. (A shovel is) that with which lumps of soil are scooped up.

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'i'itaiku/ 'i'oldaku 'i'itaiku N inalien aggreg [distr: 'i:'itaiku]: any instrument used to scoop things up
with (used only with aggreg or indiv nouns)

'i'ito Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i:'ito) [Neutr: def and hort 'i'ito; imper sgs 'i'ito-, pls 'i'itoyo. Correl: 'i'ito-k. Compl immed: 'i'ito-yoka-'i. Interr: 'i'ito-him]: to drink all of obj once ex: Nt o 'i'ik cum 'alo 'i'ito. I'll drink almost all of it. Koi 'atk 'i'ito g 'evasib. He has not finished his drink yet. Koi 'atk 'i'ito g 'evassib. They have not finished their drinks yet. 'I'ito g 'evi:bga! Drink up your milk! 'I'itohim 'a. I am almost finished with my drink. 'I'itoyoka'i! Finish your drink first (before you do anything else)! 'I'itok 'am haha hi:. He finished his drink and then, he left.

'i'itto Vtr [Neutr: indef 'i'itto. Dur: 'i'ittoa-d]: to drink all of obj again and again
ex: Pi hekid 'i'itto g 'evasib. He never finishes his drink. T hi o ge 'i'ittoad. I wonder why he does not finish his drink (but still asks for some more).

'i'itto Vtr [Neutr: indef 'i'itto]: to drink all of obj reiteratedly, to drink one drink after
the other ex: Heg 'o cum hekid si ve:pegk 'i'itto g 'evasib. He is always the first one to finish his drink (he drinks one glass after the other).

'i'iv[a]gid Vtr [Neutr: def 'i'ivag; hort and indef 'i'ivgid]: to start a fire with a fire drill
(This is still done once a year on Holy Saturday. The candles in church are lit with fire started with a fire drill.)

'i'ivagidag see NExpr ha'icu 'i:vagidag= buds, new small leaves 'i'ivagidag see Stat s-'i:vagidag= to be full of buds, new small leaves 'i'ivag see Vtr 'i'ivagid= to start a fire with a fire-drill 'i'ivdho N: a bush used to make storage baskets 'i'ivgi Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i:vagi) [Neutr: def 'i'ivgi. Interr: 'i'ivgi-him]: to bud, to
shoot small new leaves ex: 'Ab 'i 'i(<'e)'ai mat o 'i'ivgi ha'icu. It is the time of the year when plants are going to get new leaves. 'I'ivgihim 'o g 'u'us. Trees are getting new leaves (with interruptions).

'i'ivgidaku N: fire drill (instruments to make a fire with) 'i'ivgim see Adv s-'i:vagim= leaf-like, grass-like 'i'ok see Vtr 'i'i- = to drink obj 'i'oldaku see N 'ioldaku= bean pot used for frying beans 'i'olgidaku see N 'iolgidaku= bean pot used for frying beans

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'i'op/ 'i''a 'i'op Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i''o) pls [Neutr: def 'i'o; hort 'i'op]: to go and drink obj
ex: Tt o 'i'o g navait. We'll go to the wine ceremony. M(<'am) g hu o 'i'op g navait! Go to the wine ceremony!

ioa Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ioa]: to clear one's throat once (same as 'e-ioan?)
ex: Nt o ioa. I'll clear my throat.

ioaa V reflex [Neutr: indef 'e-ioaa. Dur: 'e-ioaaa-d]: to clear one throat
several times in a row ex: Pt o 'i 'eioaaad! Keep on clearing your throat several times in a row!

ioan Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-ioa; indef and hort 'e-ioan. Interr: 'e-ioana-him]: to
clear one's throat once (same as 'e-ioa?) ex: Pt o 'i 'eioa! (You should) clear your throat! 'E-g-'eioan! Clear your throat! B(<'ab) 'o 'o(<'e)ioanahim. He is approaching, clearing his throat off and on. N(<'an) 'o 'o(<'e)ioanahim. He is going by, clearing his throat off and on.

'i'ovi Vintr [Neutr: def 'i'ovi. Interr: 'i'ovi-him]: to become sweet tasting
ex: 'I'ovi 'itk (<'atk) 'i:da'a nala. This orange is (has become) sweet. 'I'ovi 'itki(<'atk) hegam nala. Those oranges are (have become) sweet (evidential).

'i'ovij see Vtr 'i'ovijid= to sweeten/ put sugar in, obj

'i'ovijid Vtr [Neutr: def 'i'ovij; hot 'i'ovijid]: to sweeten/ put sugar in, obj

'i'ovim s- Adv: sweet-tasting, good-tasting in a way that makes one's mouth water
ex: S'i'ovim 'u:v. It smells good (to eat).--S'i'ovim 'eku'a g ko:ji-cu:kug. Pork tastes good.

'i'ov s- Stat [Neutr: indef s-'i'ov; def s-'i'ov-k]: to tate sweet, good (in a way that
makes one's mouth water) ex: Lu:lsi 'o ob(<vab) si s'i'ov. The candy/candies is/are sweet-- M(<'am) 'apt o a 'al ha vua g 'asugal t o a 'al s'i'ovk! Put some sugar in it so that it will taste sweeter!

'i'ov s-Adj: sweet-tasting 'i'ov in [s-]'i'ov-cecemait NComp aggreg: cookies 'i''a Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'ia) [Neutr: indef 'i''a. Interr: 'i''a-him. Dur: 'i''a-d]: to pick
saguaro fruit ex: M(<'am) g o ob(<vab) 'i 'i''ad! Each one of you keep on picking it (saguaro fruit)!

'i''a see N 'ia= saguaro fruit pulp

490 'i''agta/ 'i''o 'i''agta see N 'iagta= offering; wooden effigy of certain animals

'i''ava Vtr Distr (for Unit sing see 'iava; mult see 'i'ava) [Neutr: def and hort 'i''ava]:
to throw away, to spill, pour obj ex: M(<'am) g o hu 'i''ava g 'eaiga! Each one of you, throw away your trash there! 'i''idag see N 'i'idag= drink; drinking 'i''idag see Stat s-'i'idag= to be a heavy drinker 'i''idkam see N subst s-'i'idkam= heavy drinker 'i''idkam see Stat Expr vu s-'i'idkam= to be a heavy drinker

'i''ihog Vintr pls (for sgs see 'i'ihog) [Neutr: def 'i''iho; hort and indef 'i''ihog]: to
cough

'i''ihogcud Vtr impers plo (for sgo see 'i''ihogcud) [Neutr: def 'i''ihogc; indef
'i''ihogcud]: to make obj cough ex: Mat heba'i ha'icu 'am o smohogidk tba'itk 'e, t o t'i''ihogc. When something itches somewhwere in our throat, it makes us cough. 'A'al 'o ho(<ha)'i''ihogcud. It makes the children cough.

'i''ihogdam see N subst 'i'ihogdam= tubercular 'i''ihogdam see Stat Expr vu 'i'ihogdam= to be a tubercular, to have tuberculosis 'i''ihogdam haki: N Expr: sanatorium (turberculars their house) 'i''ihugag see Stat s-'i'ihugag: to be full of devilsclaw in various locations 'i''ihugo Vintr Distr (for Unit sgs see 'ihugame, for pls see 'ihugo): to go after
devilsclaw

'i''imk see s- Stat s-'i'imk= to be a drinker of alcohol 'i''imkam see s- N subst s-'i'imkam= drinker of alcohol 'i''imkam see Stat Expr vu s-'i'imkam= to be a drinker of alcohol 'i''ipu see N 'ipu= skirt, dress 'i''ispul see N 'ispul= spur 'i''isvigag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'i:svigag)= to be full of hedgehog cacti
in several locations

'i''o Vtr Distr (for Unit pls see 'i'op) [Neutr: def 'i''o]: to go and drink obj
ex: T o 'i''o g navait. I heard that they are going to the wine ceremony.

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'i''o/ 'i:bdag 'i''o Vtr Distr (for Unit pls see 'iayop; sgs see 'iame): to go picking saguaro fruit
ex: M(<'am) 'at hu 'i''o. Each one of them went picking saguaro fruit over there.

'i''oldaku see N 'ioldaku= bean pot (used for frying beans) 'i''olgidaku see N 'iolgidaku= bean pot (used for frying beans)
'i:-

'i: see Vtr 'i:m= to greet obj by the kinship term 'i: see Vtr 'i'i- = to drink obj 'i:badt Vintr [Neutr: def 'i:badt. Interr 'i:badta-him]: to bear fruits ex: 'Ida 'i:badt. It bears fruits at this time of the year. K hekid 'i 'i:badt 'i:da'a? When does this bear fruits?

'i:bam Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibko'i-) [Neutr: def 'i:bam. Correl: 'i:bam-k. Interr:
'i:bama-him]: to get out of breath, to choke ex: Napt 'i:bam? Are you(sg) out of breath? 'I:bam 'ant. I got out of breath. Am 'i 'i:bamk 'am 'i mu: hega'i Ban. Having choked, Coyote died. 'I:bamahim 'a. I am about to be out of breath.

'i:bamc see Vtr 'i:bamcud= to take the breath of obj away, to choke obj 'i:bamcud Vtr sgo (for plo see 'i'ibko'icud) [Neutr: def 'i:bamc; hort and indef
'i:bamcud. Correl: 'i:bamcud-k]: to take the breath of obj away, to choke obj ex: Pt o 'i:bamc. You are going to choke me. Vab 'am 'i 'i:bamc. It took his breath away completely. T o huhu'idk o 'i:bamcudk haha va vo mua. They will pursue him until he is out of breath and then they will kill him.

'i:bamcudc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see 'i:bko'icudc) [Neutr: def indef and hort
'i:bamcudc. Dur: 'i:bamcudci-d. Interr: 'i:bamcudc=ka-him]: to have obj waiting when he should be somewhere else on time ex: 'i:bamcudc. He makes me wait. Pi g 'am 'i:bamcudcid! Don't make me wait!

'i:bdag N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'i:bda-j); pl: 'i'ibdag]: heart
ex: G hu 'u:pam o s'ap 'i gei g 'i:bdaj. He will regain courage (his heart will fall rightly again). 'i:bdag 'at hoi. I am nauseated (my heart moved). Si sceim da'a g 'i:bdag. My heart is thumping (beating with a thumping noise).

492 'i:bdag/ 'i:bhio 'i:bdag in ha'icu 'i:bdag NExpr aggreg sing [mult: ha'icu 'i'ibdag]: fruits (of a plant) ciolim-'i:bdag NComp alien aggreg [3rd pers sg ciolim-'i:bdag=ga-j]: cholla buds nala-'i:bdag NComp alien aggreg: orange(s)

'i:bdag Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'i:bdag; def 'i:bdag=k. Interr: 'i:bdag=ka-him. Dur:
'i:bdag=ka-d); pls: 'i'ibdag]: to have fruits (about a plant) ex: a 'i si skeg 'i:bdag. It has very beautiful fruit.

'i:bdag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'i'ibdag]: to have lots of fruit (about a plant)
ex: 'I 'ok kehe(<ke:k) g nala k 'ok s'i:bdag. Here stands an orange tree and it has lots of fruit (evidential).

'i:bdaj N inalien aggreg: fruits of a specified entity (its fruits); saguaro fruits
ex: Ha'i 'i m'iava g 'i:bdaj. Some of its fruits have fallen down.

'i:bhai (met of *'i:bahi) N alien aggreg [distr: 'i'ibhai]: fruit(s) of the prickley pear
cactus (nav) cecioj-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus kavk-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus miak-['a]n-g-'i-vo'iva-['i:bhai] NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus moik-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus skeg-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus 'o'ok-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: a variety of fruits of the prickley pear cactus

'i:bhaig s- Stat Unit (for Distr see s-'i'ibhaig): to be full of prickley pear fruits in a
single location ex: Cum hekid o s'i:bhaigk. There will always be a lot of prickley pear fruit.

'i:bhaiga Stat: to have prickley pear fruit

ex: Nap ge 'i:bhaiga? Do you have any prickley pear fruit?

'i:bhai-ko'ime VComp Unit sgs: to die (to go and eat prickley pear fruits) 'i:bhaimag s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef 'i:bhaimag; def 'i:bhaimag-k. Interr:
'i:bhaimag=ka-him. Dur: 'i:bhaimag=ka-d); pls: 'i'ibhaimag]: to be blueish purple ex: S'i:bhaimag 'o. It is blueish purple. a 'al s'i:bhaimag. It is kind of blueih purple.

'i:bhai-'u'ame VComp Unit sgs: to go and get prickley pear fruit 'i:bhio Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhiopha) [Neutr: def 'i:bhio]: to regain one's breath
ex: Napt 'i:bhio? Have you(sg) regained your breath

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'i:bhu/'i:da['a] 'i:bhu (dial: 'i:bhe) Vintr sgs (for pl see 'i'ibhu) [Neutr: def, hort and indef 'i:bhu.
Interr: 'i:bhu-him Dur: 'i:bhu-d]: to breathe, to take a breath ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) o ho (<ha) 'i:bhu. I won't breathe at all. Pi 'o ho(<ha) 'i:bhu. He does not breathe at all. Hehemhocudc 'i:bhu. He is breathing far apart (he is dying). B(<'ab) g si 'i:bhu! Take a deep breath (you sg)! 'I:bhuhim 'o. He is breathing. Pi g 'am 'i:bhud! Don't be breathing!

'i:bhui N inalien [distr: 'i'ibhui]: breath, breathing

ex: B(<vab) si s'ape g 'i:bhui. My breathing is normal (just very good). B si s'ape g ha'i'ibhui. Their breathing is normal (just very good).

'i:bhuimad Vtr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhuimad) [Neutr: def, hort and indef: 'i:bhuimad]:
to blow on obj (ceremonial blowing) ex: Ma:kai 'o ho(<ha)'i:bhuimad. The medicine man is blowing on them.

'i:bhuiva Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'i:bhuivup) sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhuiva) [Neutr:
def, hort and indef 'i:bhuiva]: to exhale obj ex: B(<'ab) g 'i ha 'i:bhuiva! Exhale some of it! ... 'am si 'i:bhuiva huig vui ka:cim vo:g. ... he blew it (the cigarette smoke) on the road that lies towards the west.

'i:bhuiva Vreflex Unit sgs (for pls see 'e-'i'ibhuiva): to catch one's breath
ex: Napt 'e'i:bhuiva? Have you(sg) caught your breath?

'i:bhuivo Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ibhuivo) [Neutr: def 'i:bhuivo. Correl: 'i:bhuivo-k;
immed: 'i:bhuivo-ka-'i. Interr: 'i:bhuivo-him]: to catch one's breath ex: 'I:bhuivo 'ont(<'ant). I have caught my breath. 'I:bhuivohim 'a. I am beginning to catch my breath. Nt o 'ip 'i:bhuivoka'i! Let me catch my breath first!

'i:bhuivup/'i:bhuivap Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'i:bhuiva) sgs: to exhale obj
repeatedly ex: 'I hovickvupc 'ab 'i 'i:bhuivup. He repeatedly inhales (cigarette smoke) and exhales it.

'i:bko'icudc see semi Stat tr 'i:bamcudc: to have obj waiting when he should be
somewhere on time

'i:da['a]/ 'i:d'a, 'id[-] Pers Pr [sg (instr: 'i:da-kaj); pl (instr: 'idam-kaj)]: this one ex:
A:i'i kc 'i:da'a: Me and this one 'A:i'i kc 'idam: Me and these No o(<vu) mki: 'i:da'a? Is this your house? 'Id 'o o(<vu) ki:. This is my house. No 'id u(<vu) vuikam? Is this for me? 'I:da 'atk ve:ci. This one has become heavy. T(<kut) 'id heg o a(<va) bei mo (<vu) ge'ecu mo (<vu) ge'e 'i:da'a. He will get that (bird) which is oldest, he (this one) who is the elder. Ka: 'a matk 'id hage:g. I hear that he won. 'Id 'atk 'ab 'evonomad. He put his hat on. Mat 'i:da/'id 'am o hi:. This

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'i:da['a]/ 'i:mgam
one will go there. Kut 'id o a(<va) 'i je:id hejel. She will be the only one to smoke it. Nap 'id hab cum 'elid hek hu va 'i? Is this what you have been wanting for a long time? 'Id 'a hek hu hub(<hab) a(<va) 'i cum 'elid. This is what I have been wanting for a long time. 'I:dakaj o 'om(<'am) 'e'ais. This one will make up the number (it will be reached by this one). 'Idamkaj o 'om(<'am) 'e'ais. These will make up the number. Pi 'i (<'a) hama:c g hemajkam 'in 'id'oidc. I do not know the people around here (this).

'i:da['a]/ 'i:d'a, 'id[-] Adj [pl: 'idam]: this

ex: 'id 'ahid 'ab= this year --'idda:m jevu= on this earth --Va kupt has masma hab juk ha'ui 'i:da'a cu:kug? How did you manage to get these pieces of meat? 'I hahemapa 'idam ha'icu doakam. Here he gathered these animals. Kutt hekid 'id 'an o 'i himc 'i:da 'ovicka ... When we will pass around this cigarette ... 'I:da 'o'ohon 'at u o 'egak. This book will be mine. 'I:da 'o viappoi cum hekid 'am 'i dadde vapaika hada:m. This boy is always jumping over ditches. --K 'id has 'evua 'ali? What does this child usually do? 'Id 'o skegaj pa:la. This shovel is good. 'Id 'atk 'ab si kuava ma:gina 'ab kuit'ab. This car rammed into a mesquite.-- 'An 'o 'o'ohonas 'id'ea 'o'ohon. It is written in this book. Pi 'it(<'at) 'am hu 'apet 'ab 'id'amje 'uv. It did not work out because of this woman.

'i:da'a vu Stat Expr [sg (Neutr: indef vu 'i:da'a; def vu 'i:da-k. Interr: vu 'i:da-kahim. Dur: vu 'i:da=ka-d); pl (Neutr: indef vu 'idam; def vu 'idam-k. Interr: vu 'idamka-him. Dur: vu 'i:dam=ka-d)]: to be him, her, it ex: K u 'i:da'a, pi hasig. And this is it, it is not difficult. 'At u o 'i:dak. It will be it/him/her. 'At u o 'i:damk. It will be them.

'i:da'a in vu a(<va) 'i 'i:da'a Stat Expr: to be all

ex: D(<vu) 'o va 'i 'i:da'a. This is all. 'At u o a(<va) 'i 'i:dak. This will be all. D(<vu) a(<va) 'i 'i:dakahim. This was all.

'i:m Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'i'im) [Neutr: def 'i: ; hort and indef 'i:m; imper: sgs 'i:mi- /
'i:ma-, pls 'i:mi-o/'i:m-o; concurs 'i:m-c. Correl: 'i:m-k. Compl: 'i:mi-ok/ 'i:m-ok. Interr: 'i:mi-him/ 'i:ma-him. Dur: 'i:ma-d.]: to greet/ call obj by the kinship term ex: B(<'ab) 'apt o 'i:/'i:m. You will call me by the kinship term. B(<'ab) g 'i 'i:m! Call me by the kinship term! B(<'ab) a(<va) bek 'ab 'i:mc hab kaij "nnavoj". Having taken it, he greeted him by the kinship term, saying "my friend". 'Ab ha'i:mihim. He is going around greeting them by the kinship terms. Cum hekid 'apt o ho(<ha) 'i:mad g 'ehaju! Always greet your relatives by the kinship terms!

'i:mgam vu Stat Expr tr sing [mult: vu 'i'imgam]: to be related to obj

ex: a:p u 'i:mgam?/ P(<kup) has u 'i:mgam? How are you(sg) related to him? a:p u 'i'imgam? How are you(sg) related to them?

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'i:mig/ 'i:sid 'i:mig (dial: 'i:mil) N inalien aggreg [distr: 'i'imig]: relative, kin
ex: na:nko 'i:mig= my various relatives (in one location)-- 'i'imig= my relatives (in various locations

'i:mig N: kinship
ex: C 'ep mat 'am haha mai g 'i:mig. And then they also learned about kinship. Matt ha'i vo sma:ck has u o 'i tju:juk hab o 'a: "'i:mig". When we know how people (some) are related to us, we call it "kinship".

'i:mig in has 'i:mig NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg has -'i'imig); pl: has
'i'imig]: in-law

'i:mk see N 'i:n= soot 'i:n/ 'i:nk/ 'i:mk N mass: soot

ex: Nt o 'i ha vu:ad g 'i:n. I'll remove some of the soot. Ge'eda 'atk g 'i:nk. Soot has accumulated.

'i:nam s- Stat (sgs (Neutr: indef s-'i:nam; def s-'i:nam=k. Interr: s-'i:nam=ka-him. Dur:
s-'i:nam=ka-d); pls: s-'i'inam/ s-'i'ink]: to be hungry for meat ex: 'Id 'o s'i:nam. He is hungry for meat. 'Idam 'o s'i'inam/s'i'ink). They are hungry for meat. S'i'inamkahim 'ac. I used to be hungry for meat. S'i'inamkahim 'ac. We were hungry for meat.

'i:nam Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'inko'i-) [Neutr: def 'i:nam. Interr: 'i:namahim]: to get
hungry for meat ex: 'I:nam 'ant. I am hungry for meat. T(<kut) o 'i:nam g 'ali. The child will get hungry for meat. 'I:namahim 'a. I feel pangs of hunger for meat.

'i:nk see 'i:n= soot 'i:s Stat intr Unit (for Distr see 'i:'is): to be in a container, to make up a containerful ex:
'Am 'i:s g ba:bas huac'e. There is a basketful of potatoes. 'O 'om(<'am) ha'icu 'i:s. There is a containerful of something. Hua u:dc 'i:s g pilka. There is a basket filled to the brim with wheat.

'i:s see Vdtr 'i:sid= to get a containerful of obj to somebody 'i:sid Vdtr Unit (for Distr see 'i:'isid) [Neutr: def 'i:s; hort 'i:sid]: to get a containerful
of obj to somebody ex: Nt o ha'i ha'i:s g mu:. I'll give them a containerful of (some) beans. G ha'i 'i 'i:sid g mu:! Give me a containerful of (some) beans!

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'i:svig[]/ 'i:vagi 'i:svig[] N alien aggreg: hedgehog cactus (plant or fruit)

ex: Smu'ij g 'i:svig. There are lots of hedgehog cacti.

'i:svigag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'i''isvigag): to be full of hedgehog cacti
(in one location)

'i:t Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'i'ita; for Distr see 'i:'it) [Neutr: def and hort 'i:t. Correl: 'i:tk]: to get a containerful of obj, to scoop up obj with a container or a shovel (used only with aggregate or individual nouns; with mass nouns referring to liquids see vasib) ex: Nt o 'i:t g ba:bas. I'll get a helping of (boiled) potatoes (from the serving plate). Nt o 'i:t g jevu. I'll scoop up a containerful (shovelful, basketful, boxful) of soil (in lumps). Nt o 'i:t g pilka. I'll scoop up a containerful of wheat. M(<'am) g ha'i 'i:t g pilka! Scoop up some wheat! --Hua u:dk o 'i:t g pilka! Fill the basket to the brim with wheat!

'i:t Vreflex Unit (for Repet see 'e-'i'ita): to get scooped up with a container or shovel 'i:ta in ha'icu 'i:ta NExpr; inalien [sing (1rst pers sg ha'icu -'i:ta)]; mult (1st pers sg
ha'icu -'i:'ita)]: containerful of something in the process of being scooped up (used only with aggregate or individual nouns) pilka 'i:ta NExpr [1rst pers sg pilka -'i:ta]: basketful of wheat 'i:bhai 'i:ta NExpr: basketful of prickly pears

'i:ta[i]cug Vtr [Neutr: def 'i:ta[i]c]: to move with a containerful of obj (used only with
aggregate or individual nouns; with mass nouns referring to liquids see vasibcug; with other mass nouns see cekcug) ex: 'I:ta[i]cug g bid. He is carrying a basketful of clay (in lumps). 'I:ta[i]cug g 'i:bhai. He is carrying a basketful of prickly pears. 'I:ta[i]cug g pilka. He is carrying a basketful of wheat. Ciolim 'i:tacugk 'am 'iava cuamaikuc'e k hab cei ... Having carried a basketful of cholla, she poured it in the cooking place and said ...

'i:ta[i]ku N inalien indiv [pl/distr: 'i:'itaiku]: container to gather things in (used only
with aggregate or individual nouns; with mass nouns referring to liquids see vasibku; with other mass nouns see cekku) ciolim-'i:ta[i]ku NComp: container of/for cholla buds hu:-'i:ta[i]ku NComp: container of/for corn mu:-'i:ta[i]ku NComp: container of/for beans pilka-'i:ta[i]ku NComp: container of/for wheat 'i:bhai-'i:ta[i]ku NComp: container of/for prickley pear fruits

'i:vagi Vintr sgs (for pls see 'i'ivgi) [Neutr: def 'i:vagi. Interr: 'i:vagi-him]: to bud, to
shoot small new leaves ex: Kui 'at 'i:vagi. The mesquite has new leaves. Kui 'o 'i:vagihim. The mesquite is getting new leaves (with interruptions).

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'i:vagidag/ 'i:'e 'i:vagidag in ha'icu 'i:vagidag NExpr sing [mult: ha'icu 'i'ivagidag]: buds, new
small leaves of one type of plant kui-'i:vagidag NComp(?): mesquite buds

'i:vagidag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'i'ivagidag]: to be full of buds, new small leaves
ex: Hega'i kui 'o s'i:vagidag. That mesquite is full of new leaves.

'i:vagidaj N inalien: buds of a specified entity (its buds) 'i:vagig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of wild spinach in one location 'i:vagim s- Adv [pl: s-'i'ivgim]: leaf-like, grass-like
ex: S'i:vagim sce:dag 'o. It is grass green. S'i'ivgim scehedag. They are grass green.

'i:vag N aggreg: wild spinach (also called 'opon[-'i:vag] and [cuhuggia-]'i:vag) 'i:vaj/'i:vij N alien: fire drill (same as 'i:vajig and 'i:vdaku) 'i:vajig N: fire drill (same as 'i:vaj and 'i:vdaku)
'i:vdaku N: fire drill (same as 'i:vaj and 'i:vajig)

'i:vid Vintr [Neutr: def 'i:v; hort 'i:vid]: to make a fire (with a fire drill)
ex: Nt o 'i:v. I'll make a fire with a fire drill.M(<'am) g 'i 'i:vid, m'i a(<va) ve:c g 'i'ivgidaku. Could you make a fire, here are the fire drill instruments.

'i:v see Vtr 'i:vid= to make a fire (with a fire drill) 'i:'a Stat [Neutr: indef 'i:'a; def 'i:'a=k. Interr: 'i:'a=ka-him. Dur: 'i:'a=ka-d]: to be here
ex: 'I:'a 'o. He is here. Hekid 'i 'i:'akahim? When was he here? Pi 'i hu o 'i:'akad! Do not stay here!

'i:'ac semi Stat [Neutr: def and indef 'i:'ac. Interr: 'i:'ac=ka-him. Dur: 'i:'aci-d]: to stay
here

'i:'e Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'i'i-) [Neutr: def 'i:'e. Interr: 'i:'e-him. Dur: 'i:'e-d]: to drink
obj repeatedly ex: a:cu 'up(<'ap) 'i:'e? What do you(sg) drink? a:cu 'um(<'am) 'i:'e? What do you(pl) drink?-- 'I 'a 'i:'e g u:dag. I drink water here. 'Ab 'ok 'i:'e g kavh:. He apparently drinks coffee. Pi g o 'om(<'am) 'i:'ed 'a:pim! Don't be drinking it (you pl)! Shoho'id 'a mant o 'i:'ed. I like to drink it. Pi g 'am si 'i:'ed! Don't (you sg) be drinking too much of it! Heg 'a cum 'i:'ehim. I used to drink that.

498 'i:'edam/ 'i:'ita[i]ku 'i:'edam in ha'icu 'i:'edam NExpr aggreg: drinker vi:u-'i:'edam subst NComp aggreg: whiskey drinker ex: Nap sma:c hega'i vi:u-'i:'edam? Do you know that whiskey drinker? Nap shama:c hegam vi:u-'i:'edam? Do you know those whiskey drinkers?

'i:'edam vu Stat Expr tr: to be a drinker of

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'i:'edam. He is a drinker of it (water). Hegam 'o (<vu) 'i:'edam. They are drinkers of it (water). vi:u-'i:'edam vu Stat Expr: to be a whiskey drinker ex: Heg 'o (<vu) vi:u-'i:'edam. He is a whiskey drinker.

'i:'i Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'i'i-) [Neutr: def and hort 'i:'i]: to drink obj
ex: 'An o nauppaitk 'an o 'i:'i g 'enauppait. Each one of you having made saguaro wine will drink your respective wine(s). B(<'ab) g o 'i:'i! Drink it, each one of you!

'i:'ibhuivup/'i:'ibhuivap Vtr Distr (for Unit sgs see 'i:bhuiva, pls see 'i'ibhuiva)
[Neutr: indef 'i:'ibhuivup/'i:'ibhuivap; concurs 'i:'ibhuivup-c/'i:'ibhuivap-c]: to exhale, breathe obj ex: Si 'i:'ibhuivapc 'am haha vab uhullig 'am u:dagc'e. One after the other they take a deep breath and then dive in the water.

'i:'icudaku see N 'i'icudaku= trough 'i:'iku see N 'i'iku= trough 'i:'is Stat intr Distr (for Unit see 'i:s): to be in various containers (used only with
aggregate or individual nouns) ex: 'I:'is g ha'icu. There is something in several containers.

'i:'is see Vdtr 'i:'isid= to get a containerful of obj to various people 'i:'isid Vdtr Distr (for Unit see 'i:sid) [Neutr: def 'i:'is; hort 'i:'isid]: to get a containerful
of obj to various people ex: Nt o ha'i ha'i:'is g mu:. I'll give to each of them a containerful of (some) beans. G ha'i ha'i:'isid g mu:. Give to each of them a containerful of (some) beans.

'i:'it Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'i:t) [Neutr: def and hort 'i:'it. Correl: 'i:'it-k]: to get a
containerful of obj (used only with aggregate or individual nouns) ex: B(<'ab) o 'i 'i:'itk g 'emummuga. Each one of you will bring your respective basketful of beans.

'i:'ita see N 'i:ta= containerful of something 'i:'ita[i]ku see N 'i:ta[i]ku= container to gather things in

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'i:'ito/ 'oaku 'i:'ito Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'i'ito) [Neutr: def and hort 'i:'ito]: to drink all of obj
ex: Ha-g-o-ho(<ha)'i:'ito g 'evassib. Each one of you finish your respective drinks.

'o-

'o Conj: or
ex: 'i:da 'o hega'i= this or that Mamaint 'o 'otp(<'atp) huhat. They were making mats or maybe baskets. Pi 'ap o ge:g 'o pi 'ap o mge:g. You will not get a clear margin over me (beat me well) neither will I over you. Ntp o nnako vo keva hega'i, 'o pi vo nnako kutp 'ab o 'o(<'e)hai hega'i. If I can I'll stop it, but if I can't it will crack up. Vo ei matp has o 'i 'i(<'e)ju:kcid, 'o vo'okad 'o da:kad, ha'icu 'o cikpanad. Observe what she will be doing either lying down, or sitting, or working at something).

'obga N inalien aggreg: enemy

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g t'obga. I saw some of our enemies. ... hab masmakaj o a jiva mat o mua g 'obga. ... if he comes back after killing an enemy.

'obga Stat: to have an enemy/ enemies

ex: Pi 'i(<'a) ha 'obga. I don't have any enemies.

'obuv s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'o'obuv]: to smell like an Apache (ennemy) 'o Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'o'o; for Distr see 'o:'oa) [Neutr: def 'o:; indef and hort
'o. Correl: 'o-k; immed: 'o-ka-'i. Interr: 'oa-him. Dur: 'oa-d]: to harvest obj ex: Nt o 'o: g ha'icu 'e'es. I'll harvest my crops. Hek 'ant hu 'o: g 'e'es. I have already harvested my crops. B(<'ab) 'ant o 'o: g bahidaj. I'll harvest saguaro fruits. 'O 'a g mu:ga. I am harvesting my beans. 'Im 'ant hab o 'i 'oahi. I'll harvest it (with interruptions). M(<'am) g ab 'i ha'oahid! Keep on harvesting them (going from saguaro to saguaro)! 'A a hek hu ha'oahim. I have already been harvesting them (going from saguaro to saguaro). --M(<'am) g ab 'i 'oad! Keep on harvesting it (one saguaro)! Na:to 'ont(<'ant) g 'e'es 'oka'i. I have finished harvesting my crops. Heg 'ant 'ab o 'ok heg 'ab 'ep o 'ok... I'll harvest that one (saguaro fruit) and then that other one ... 'oaku N inalien indiv sg [pl/distr: 'o'oaku]: harvesting spot ex: 'oaku 'oidc 'oimme. She is on my harvesting spot.

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'ogol/ 'oid 'ogol N inalien [lst pers sg -'ogol]: father (term used by a child to address or refer to his
father when the latter belongs to the 'Ogoligam sib)

'Ogoli[ga]m N subst aggreg [distr: 'O'ogoli-[ga]m]: name of a group of people

belonging to a sib located in San Miguel, Pisin Mo'o and Kavulk

'Ogoligam vu Stat Expr: to be a 'Ogoligam

ex: Hegam u 'Ogoligam. They are 'Ogoligam.

'oi see Vtr 'oid= to go with, follow obj 'oi Part: soon, right away, go ahead (giving permission)
ex: 'Oi g cikpan! Get back (you sg) to work immediately! 'Oi g o cikpan! Get back (you pl) to work immediately! 'Oi g 'i him! Come here at once! 'Oi g 'ab 'i him! Come back soon! 'Oi g gm hu him! All right go (but come back soon)! 'Oi g, tt o hihi! Come on (you sg), let's go! 'Oi g o, tt o hihi! Come on (you pl), let's go! 'Oi g 'i! Come on over here (you sg)! 'Oi g o 'i! Come on over here (you pl)! 'Oi g 'am! Hurry up (you sg)! 'Oi g o 'om(<'am)! Hurry up (you pl)!-- 'Oi g o, tt o cikp! Let's get back to work! Nt o kia bei g mdadapihunaku?- 'Oi g 'am be:'i . Can I borrow (take) your iron for a while?- Go ahead and take it. 'Oi vo hi:! Come on! T 'ab 'oi vo 'i hi:, 'tt o 'oi hihi. He'd better come right away, let's go. Kumt 'oi vo 'o(<'e)na:to. You(pl)'d better get ready in a hurry. Napt pi 'oi vo na:nk ma 'am hu hab kaij? Why don't you go ahead and match my wager (what I have said)? Pi 'int(<'ant) o 'oi ia si'alim. I will not wake up early tomorrow. Pi 'oi ko:k. They don't go to sleep early.

'oia Conj: consequently, therefore; but, however, then, consequently, thereupon

ex: Ge 'atp u hemajkam b(<hab) 'oia 'a'aga. She (the Witch) was an unusual person, that is why she was called that way. Kut 'oia 'am hab a(<va) scuk g jevu-ka:cim. As a consequence, the whole world was dark. 'Oia 'an si 'i(<'e)'elko g no:vij. As a consequence the skin of his hand peeled off. Pi 'o 'i hu ha heve 'i:ya'a kc 'oia hab sto. There is no breeze here, that is why it is hot. --T ab si ge'e 'i:; 'oia 'ege:sid. He drank too much, consequently he passed out. Nt o cum huha g ka:ga, t 'oia ge ju:. I was going to haul in my sorghum but (unexpectedly) it rained. 'Oia 'am 'i pi hea'i a 'i 'enako heghekaj matsp sta'e:bidam has ma:s. But nobody could do anything because she ( the Witch) looked so frightening. Ku 'oia pi a 'i hoho'id hega'i ha'o:g. However, their father did not want it (hearsay). Tp 'oia 'am hab haha 'i kaij g 'I'itoi... Thereupon 'I'itoi said... 'Oia 'am hab haha va:pagt. Thereupon they made the holes (for the game). ia k 'oia 'am hab haha 'i 'ep 'eto'i 'ep. Well, thereupon, they bet against each other again.

'oid N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'oid; distr: 'o''oid]: field (same as 'oidag)
ex: M(<'am) 'at hu hi: 'e'oid vui. He went to his field. M(<'am) 'at hu hihi 'e'o'oid vui. They went to their fields (people from the same village).

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'oid/ 'oidag 'oid vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vu 'o'oid]: to be a field, somebody's field
ex: Heam u ha'o'oid hegam 'o'oidag m(<mo) 'an ka:c. Whose fields are those fields that are there?

'oid Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'o'oid; for Distr see 'o''oid) [Neutr: def 'oi; indef and hort
'oid; concurs: 'oid-c. Correl: 'oid-k; immed: 'oid-ka-'i. Interr: 'oida-him. Dur: 'oida-d]: to go with, follow obj, to be the next one after obj, to rejoin obj ex: Napt o 'oi? Do you(sg) want to go with me? Nt o cum 'oi. I'd like to go with him (but/I can't). Nant pi vo a 'i m'oi? Is it all right if I go with you? Nt o 'oi. I'd like to go with him. Nt o ho(<ha)'oi. I'll go with them. --Tt o 'oi. We'd like to go with him. Mamt 'im o 'oi. You(pl) will come with me. 'Am 'ant o 'i 'oi. I'd like to go after him (be the next one after him). M(<'am) 'ant o 'i m'oi. I'd like to go after you/ be the next one after you. B(<'ab) g 'i 'oid! Follow me! Pi g 'ab hu 'i 'oid! Don't (you sg) follow me! Nap 'ab 'oid? Are you(sg) following me? 'Ab 'o 'oid. He is following me. K gm hu 'i ha'oi g 'evemajim. And he rejoined his companions. Cum hekid 'an 'oidahim. He is always following me around. Cum 'a hekid 'oidahim hega'i. I am always going with him. Hek hu mo (<vu) 'alikc 'in has 'i 'oidahim, hemu ge'edak pi 'in(<'an) hu haha 'oidahim. When he was a child he used to follow me around, but now that he is grown up he does not. 'Ab g 'i 'oi'dahid! Be following me! Pi g 'an hu 'oidahid! Don't be following me around! Kuptp heg o eidk o 'i 'oidahi! If you see him, follow him! K 'an a(<va) 'oidahimk 'an hogiad. And after getting to him (a horse) he saddled him. Kuptp heg o eidk 'an 'i 'oidahimk o ce: 'aptp hems. If you see it (his track), after following it you will perhaps find him. Mans heba'i s'ap o je:kck 'am o 'i 'oidahimk o 'a'ahe. If I had been able to track him properly, I would have followed him and caught up with him. Napt 'am o 'oidad? Do you want to be the next one after me? Pi g 'ab hu 'oidad! Don't be following my example!

'oid in do'idag 'oid VExpr tr: to have a hangover

ex: Do'idag 'o 'oid. I have a hangover (the hangover is following me)

'oidag N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'oidag; distr: 'o''oidag]: field

ex: M(<'am) 'at hu hi: 'e'oidag vui. He went to his field. M(<'am) 'at hu hihi 'e'o'oidag vui. They went to their fields (people from the same village). 'E'oidag 'e 'o 'oimme. He is in his field. 'Oidagc'e 'o 'oimme. He is (walking around) in the field. ha'icu hiosig 'oidag NExpr: flower garden nala 'oidag NExpr: orange grove 'u:vis 'oidag NExpr inalien [reflex: 'u:vis 'e-'oidag]: vineyard

'oidag vu Stat Expr sing [mult: vu 'o'oidag]: to be a field

ex: Hei(<hea'i) vu 'oidag? Whose field is it' Heg 'o (<vu) 'oidag. It is that fellow's field. D(<vu) 'o 'oidag. It is my field.

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'oidag/ 'oidam 'oidag Stat Unit (for Distr see 'o''oidag) [sing: 'oidag; mult: 'o'oidag]: to have a field
ex: He'ekia 'ap 'i 'o'oidag? How many fields do you(sg) have? Hemako 'o(<'a) 'oidag. I have one field. Hehe'ekia 'am 'i 'o''oidag? How many fields does each one of you have?

'oidag-cikpan NComp(?): farming, farm work 'oidag-cikpandam NComp(?): farm hand 'oidahim Vtr Interr [def 'oidahi; hort and indef 'oidahim. Correl: 'oidahim-k]: to think
about something ex: Pi 'int(<'ant) cegto, nt o 'ip 'am 'i 'oidahi. I don't remember, I'll have to think about it. M(<'am) g 'i oidahim. Think it over. M(<'am) 'a 'oidahim. I am thinking it over. Nt o 'ip 'am 'i 'oidahimk 'am haha vo m'a:g. First I'll think about it and then I'll tell you. Pt o mamce, k 'am o 'i cegtohi, k 'am o 'i 'oidahi, t o a(<va) 'i vuha. Study the problem, think about it, figure out the logic of it and things will make sense.

'oidahim in ha'icu 'oidahim 'ab ha'icu 'amje VExpr Interr: to give some
thought to something ex: Nt o 'ipk 'am ha'icu 'i 'oidahi 'ab 'amje k haha vo 'em'a:g. I'd like to give it some thought before I talk to you(pl) about it.

'oidahim in pi ha'icu 'oidahim VExpr Interr: to be careless, not to pay attention to

anything, not to care about anything ex: Pi 'am hu ha'icu 'oidahim. He doesn't/they don't care about anything/ don't pay attention to anything.

'oidahim Vreflex Interr [def: 'e-'oidahi; hort and indef: 'e-'oidahim]: to think things over
ex: Nt o 'ip 'am 'i oidahi. I'll have to think it over. 'Apt 'am o 'i 'i(<'e) 'oidahi. Could you(sg) think it over. 'Am g 'i 'i(<'e) 'oidahim! Think it over! 'Am 'o hi a(<va) 'e'oidahim. He is/they are thinking it over.

'oidam Postp: during, all along (a certain time)

domig 'oidam Postp Expr: all through the week [ge] cuhug 'oidam Postp Expr: all night long ex: Heg'oidam cuhug e'edc 'am jejje. All night long they sing and smoke. Cuhug 'oidam 'att cikp. We worked all night long. Pi 'int(<'ant) ha koi ge cuhug 'oidam. I didn't sleep a wink all night long. gi'ik cuhug 'oidam Postp Expr: during four nights maad 'oidam Postp Expr: all through the month ta 'oidam Postp Expr: all day long 'ahidag 'oidam Postp Expr: all through the year.

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'oidam/ 'oidc 'oidam in heg-'oidam / g-'oidam Adv: all along, during that time
ex: ... hekaj matp gi'ik scuhugamaj pi ha ko:k 'ea g'oidam 'ab je: hega'i ko:sidaku 'ovicka. ... because she (the Witch) spent four nights without sleeping, during which time she smoked the soporific cigarette. ia, tp 'am haha hab 'evuadc g'oidam 'am vo:po'o matp 'am u 'i gi'ik ta. Well then, what they do all along is to run there every four days. 'oidam s-Stat [Neutr: indef s-'oidam; def s-'oidam-k]: to wait to go with obj

'oidc see Vtr 'oidcug= to track, hunt obj 'oidc Adj sg [pl: 'o'oidc]: back, in the back 'oidc Postp concurs (for correl see 'oidk) [distr: 'o'oidc]: behind, after, along, on, in, obj
ex: 'oidc g him. Walk behind me. Ha'oidc 'o him. He is walking behind them. 'E'oidc 'i ia. Look behind you sg (you are moving or in a moving object such as a car). 'oidc daicug. He is sitting behind me (in a car, or on horseback). Ab 'o g haku:bag 'ab vu:ahim t'oidc. Their dust is rising behind us (we are going and they are following us). M g ab a(<va) 'i mead heg'oidc vo:g. Keep on driving along that road. K hemu heg'oidc 'am hihhim. And now it is the course of the sun (he goes repeatedly along it). Ha'i g hu vopoa 'oidc o ki:kad. Some will live down in (along) the valleys. Pi 'i(<'a) hama:c g hemajkam 'in 'id'oidc. I don't know anybody around here. Kunt pi voho 'an hu ge cuhugc'e haki:ki 'oidc o 'oimmead. I could not possibly roam around their houses in the dark. (<ku) g'oidc 'an vi'ickvihim. He is floating in it (the air). 'Am 'oimme town 'oidc. He stays around in town. u:dag 'oidc him. He is walking in the water. 'Am si 'oidc hab kaij. He repeated right after me. Ha'oidc hab cecce. He keeps repeating after them. 'E'o'oidc hihim. They are walking one behind the other. 'E'o'oidc daha. They are sitting one behind the other. 'E'o'oidc gegokcug. They are standing (in a moving object) one behind the other. 'E'o'oidc cu:c g ki:k. The houses stand one behind the other.

'oidc Adv: as usual, in the same way, as it should be

ex: Heg ab 'i 'oidc 'ab hihhim haiva. That cow always follows the same path. 'Antp he'es ha'icu pi 'im(<'am) hu 'oidc hab kaij. I may have deviated in some places.

'oidc in a 'oidc 'i Adv Expr: next to best, second best

ex: Ha'i 'am a 'oidc 'i skegaj. Some are next to the most beautiful ones.

'oidc in vu si ha'oidc Stat Expr: to be the very last one (same as vu si

ha'oidckam) ex: 'Am u o 'i si ha'oidck. He will be the very last one.

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s'oidc-/ 'oidk 'oidc-daiku NComp indiv [sg (loc: 'oidc-daiku-t-'ab); pl: 'o'oidc-daaiku]: back
seat ex: Ko:cug 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'oidc-daikut'an. He is asleep on the back seat.

'oidc-daikuag Stat Comp sing [mult: 'o'oidc-dadaikuag]: there is a back seat

ex: Ge go:k 'o'oidc-dadaikuag. There are (unexpectedly) two back seats (in that car).

'oidckam N subst [distr: 'o'oidckam]: the one after obj

ex: 'i:da'a ha'oidckam= the last one of them (the one after them) 'idam ha'oidckam= the last ones Ha-g-hanamkid g ve:pegkam c 'ep g si ha'oidckam! Pay them from first to the very last! 'Idam t'oidckam 'at cikp hemako 'o:la, kupt 'ea ab 'am 'i tvepog. Those (who came) after us worked one hour, but you treated us equally.

'oidckam in vu si ha'oidckam Stat Expr: to be the very last one (same as vu si

ha'oidc) ex: 'Am u o 'i si ha'oidckamk. He will be the very last one. Hegam mo 'am u si ha'o'oidckam 'ab o 'i hihi. Each one of those who are the last ones (of the lines) will come up here. Nap 'a:pi 'am u si ha'oidckam? Are you(sg) the last one?

'oidcud Vtr sing [Neutr: def 'oidc]: to make a field for obj
ex: 'I 'ant o hema m'oidc. I'll make you one field here.

'oidcug Vtr [Neutr: def 'oidc; indef and hort 'oidcug. Correl: 'oidcug-k]: to track, go
after, hunt, obj ex: C 'atp hab masma 'id 'an ha'oidc g ha'icu doakam. And thus she (the Witch) hunted animals. Heg 'at ves o tvo:po'i g ha'icu hug mac heg 'oidcugc hekaj tgegusid. He will take away from us all the animals (food) that we hunt in order to feed ourselves. 'App hems 'a:pi'i vo 'o(<'e)nako mapt o 'i 'oidcugk o ce: g ba'ama. Maybe you will be able to track and find my grandchild.

'oidk Postp correl (for concurs see 'oidc) [distr: 'o'oidk]: behind, after, along, among obj
ex: M(<'am) g 'i ia'a 'e'oidk. Look behind yourself (sg). ia k 'an dai 'e'oidk. Well, and he sat him behind himself. Kut hega'i viapoi Jesus 'i hu 'i vi: ha'oidk. The boy Jesus had stayed behind them. M(<'am) g 'oidk hab ce:'i! Say it after me! 'Ab si hu:p g vopoj 'o: 'oidk. He/they pulled out his hair along his back. Nap heba'i 'an 'i me 'ana'i si sjuhu'ujulk vo:g 'oidk? Have you ever driven along that winding road? ...matps 'an ve'evec 'an heg'oidk vo:g. ...that might be scattered along that road. K haha 'i cum ga: 'am hahajuij ha'oidk. And he/they looked in vain for him among his relatives. T 'am da:m o dahivak ha'icu vo cegtok heg'oidk hab o 'o(<'e)ju:. He will sit there on top of it and think of something to do next (after that)-- Saaig 'an haki:k 'o'oidk. It is full of trash outside their houses (in various locations)-- ia ge cuhug 'oidk hab 'eju:. Well, this went on all night long.

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'oidk/ 'oimmel[]cud 'oidk in heg'oidk, g'oidk Adv: as usual

ex: Matt heg'oidk 'am o tciccvi 'ama'i. Let's play against each other there, as usual. Kut hab a(<va) g'oidk hab 'ep o 'o(<'e)ju: 'ep. The same thing as usual will happen again (hearsay). 'An g'oidk haha hi: hega'i ta. Then the sun followed its normal course.

'oidk in si ha'oidk Adv Expr: the last time

ex: Hekid 'apt 'i si ha'oidk 'ecu'ijig-'a:? When did you(sg) last confess?

'oidkam N subst sg [pl: 'o'oidkam]: field owner 'oidt Vtr sing (for mult see 'o'oidt) [Neutr: def 'oidt]: to make obj into a field
ex: 'I 'ant o hema 'oidt. I'll make a field here.

'oimme Vintr Unit sgs (for pls see 'oiyopo) [Neutr: def 'oimme; indef and hort
'oimme. Correl: 'oimme-k. Compl: 'oimme-ok; immed: 'oimme-oka-'i. Interr: 'oimmel[i]-him. Dur: 'oimmea-d; concurs: 'oimmead-c]: to be/ stay around a place (animates only) ex: M(<'am) 'ant o himk 'am o 'oimme. I'd like to go down there and stay there a while. P he'ekia 'i 'ahid 'i va 'i 'oimme? How many years have you(sg) been here? P he'es 'i ta 'i va 'i 'oimme? How long have you(sg) been here? Hetasp 'ahid 'a 'i va 'i 'oimme. I have been here five years. No 'oimme? Is he around? 'In 'a 'i ab 'oimme. I am just around. G hu hema 'i domig 'a gm hu 'oimmelihim Santa- Rosat'am; 'am cikpanahim hegve:m. Last Sunday I was in Santa Rosa; I worked with him. Nap 'am 'oimmelihim Jevu Me:k 'am? Have you(sg) been staying in Jevu Me:k? Heu'u, 'am 'a 'oimmelihim. Yes, I have been staying there. Gm hu ab o 'oimmead! Stay away! Kunt pi voho 'an hu ge cuhugc'e haki:k 'oidc o 'oimmead. I could not possibly be roaming around their houses in the dark. Tp 'am haha 'am hab 'oimmeadc kegcu hega'i cu:kug. Then, while he was there he cleaned that meat. 'Amje 'am cum 'oimmek pi a 'i heba'i je:kc. From there on, although he was there, nowhere were his tracks found.

oimmeaku N inalien: a favorite hangout of a person or an animal (same as

'oimmelku)

'oimmecud see 'oimmel[]cud 'oimmedam vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'oiyopodam]: to have the habit of staying in
a certain place ex: 'Am 'o gvui vu 'oimmedam 'i:da'a kavyu. This horse is used to being there.

'oimmel[]cud/'oimmecud Vtr sgo (for plo see 'oiyopoicud) [Neutr: def

'oimmelc; hort 'oimmelcud. Interr: 'oimmelcuda-him]: to walk obj

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'oimmel[]cud/ 'oiyopo
ex: Nt o a 'i 'oimmelc. I'll walk him (the horse) for a while. Tp 'ab a(<va) 'oimmelcudahimc 'ab 'i miabidk 'ab va:k g a:kim. As he was walking him (the horse), he approached him and put the hackamore on. Nap 'am o 'i 'oimmelc g gogs? Are you going to walk the dog? Gam g hu 'i 'oimmecud/'oimmelcud g gogs! Walk the dog! Nap 'am 'i 'oimmelcudahim g gogs? Have you been walking the dog?

'oimmelku N inalien: a favorite hangout of a person or an animal (same as

'oimmeaku)

'oipa N aggreg: name of the fruits of one variety of the prickley pear cactus 'oipidcud Vtr mult (for sing see 'ovidcud) [Neutr: def 'oipidc; hort 'oipidcud]: to
make awls for obj

'oipidt Vtr mult (for sing see 'ovidt): to make awls out of obj
ex: Nt o ha'i ha'oipidt. I'll make a few awls.-- Heg 'o 'oipidt. She knows how to make awls.

'oipij see N 'ovij= awl 'oipij see Stat 'ovij= to have an awl 'oipij see Stat Expr vu 'ovij= to be an awl 'oivicud s- Vtr: to hurry obj (same as s-'oivigid)
ex: cum si s'oivicudc tacua= wishing in vain to hurry it (the fermentation of the saguaro wine)

'oivigid Vtr [Neutr: def 'oivig; indef and hort 'oivigid]: to make obj hurry
ex: 'I 'oivigid. He is hurrying me. B(<'ab) g 'i ha'oivigid! Make them hurry!

'oivigid Vreflex [Neutr: 'oivig; indef and hort 'oivigid]: to hurry

ex: Nt o a(<va) 'i 'oivig. I'll hurry. B(<'ab) g 'i 'i(<'e)'oivigid! Hurry back!

'oivigid s- Vtr: to hurry obj (same as s-'oivicud)

ex: Ku gvui 'am mu:gi'ak 'am da s'oivigidk tacu. Having crouched in front of it, I sit there wishing to hurry it (the fermentation of the saguaro wine).

'oiyopo Vintr pls (for sgs see 'oimme) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'oiyopo. Correl:
'oiyopo-k/'oiyopi-k. Interr: 'oiyopo-him/ 'oiyopi-him. Dur: 'oiyopo-d]: to be/ stay around a place (animates only) ex: M(<'am) 'att o hihimk 'am o 'oiyopo. We'll go down there and stay (there) awhile. a:cu 'um(<'am) has 'evuadc 'i a 'oiyopo? What are you doing here? Hiopc 'ab

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'oiyopo/ 'oksga
'oiyopohim. The termites stayed on it (the greasewood bush). Hebi(<heba'i) o 'oiyopodc o ciccvid g 'a'al, t o jiva. Wherever there are children playing, she comes (hearsay). ia, t 'ab si 'oiyopok 'ab 'i hu: hega'i egai. Well, they stayed on that greasewood bush and ate it. M he'es 'i ta 'i a 'i 'oiyopo? How long have you been here? 'Oiyopohidc 'i 'ep hihhimc gm hu 'oiyopohidc 'i 'ep hihhim. They stay down there and come back here and stay down there and come back here again.

'oiyopodam see Stat Expr vu 'oimmedam: to have the habit of staying in a

certain place

'oiyopoicud Vtr plo (for sgo see 'oimmelcud) [Neutr: def 'oiyopoic; hort
'oiyopoicud]: to walk obj ex: Nt o a 'i ha'oiyopoic. I'll walk them for a while.

'okmait Vintr sgs (for pls see 'o'okimait): to become a middle-aged woman
ex: Ntk a(<va) ha'ap a 'i 'okmait. I am middle-aged (evidential).

'okokoi N alien indiv [pl: 'o'okokoi]: white-winged dove

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'o'okokoi. I saw some white-winged doves.

'oks N indiv [pl: 'o'oks/ 'o'ok; distr: 'o''oks/ 'o''ok]: old woman. 'oks alien indiv [sg (lst pers sg -'oks= ga); pl: 'o'oks; distr: 'o''oks]: wife
ex: B o 'i ha'u:'uk g 'e'o''oksga. Each one of you will bring his wife.

'oks N: one of the vopda tubes (see vopdaiku) 'oks vu Stat Expr sgs [pl: vu 'o'ok]: to be an old woman
ex: Hebi (<heba'i) u 'ep 'al 'oksc 'an o 'i vu:. Another time she will come out as an oldish woman. ba:b 'oks NExpr inalien: mother's father's elder brother

'oks-cucul NComp alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -'oks-cucul=ga); pl: 'o'okcucul]: old
hen, mature hen

'okscud Vtr [Neutr: def 'oksc; hort 'okscud]: to make obj into an old woman
ex: T o m'oksc. It will make you(sg) old. Pi g 'am 'okscud. Don't make me into an old woman.

'oksga Stat sgs [pls: 'o'oksga/ 'o'okiga]: to have a wife

ex: Nap ge 'oksga? Do you have a wife? Nam ge 'o'okiga? Do you(pl) have wives?

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'oksga/ 'olata 'oksga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'o'oksga/ 'o'okiga]: to be somebody's wife
ex: Heg 'o (<vu) 'oksgaj. She (that one) is his wife. No (<vu) m'oksga? Is she your wife? Hegam 'o (<vu) ha'o'okiga. They are their wives.

'oks-gogs NComp: mature bitch 'oksi N indiv sg [pl: 'o'oksi]: term used by a person to refer to or address his father's
older sister (also called either ma:m 'oks, 'apk 'oks, or 'apap 'oks) or his mother's older sister (also called da:d 'oks)

'okst Vintr sgs (for pls see 'o'okt): to become an old woman
ex: 'Okst 'at k 'i gega. She is old and falls down all the time. Ptk o 'om(<'am) a(<va) 'okst. You(sg) will become old (evidential). Heu'u, m(<'am) 'ant a(<va) 'okst. Yes, I am old. 'Okstahim 'apk. You(sg) are getting old (evidential).

'okstaag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of a certain kind of mushrooms ('okstaku) in

one location

'okstaku N aggreg [distr: 'o'okstaku]: a mushroom (it is supposed to make any

woman who looks at it grow old) ex: Hai 'a haeid g 'okstaku. I saw some 'okstaku mushrooms.

'ola N alien indiv [pl: 'o'ola; distr: 'o''ola]: pair of wooden balls (tied together, used in
the tokaa game)

'olas N indiv [pl: 'o'olas]: ball, sphere

bid-'olas NComp (?): a ball of clay cu:kug-cuhivi-'olas NComp (?): meat ball

'olas Stat sgs [pls: 'o'olas]: to be a sphere, spherical, round

ex: Jevu 'o ge 'olas. The earth is a sphere. Bo:l 'o ge 'olas. The basketball is round.

'olas-mo'okam subst NComp (?) [pl: 'o'olas-mo:mim]: one with short a crew cut 'Olas-Vo'okam NComp: a nickname (one with a round belly) 'olas-'o'odham NComp (?): a short and fat person 'olat Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'o''olat) sing (for mult see 'o'olat): to roll obj into a ball
ex: Hema 'olat g bid. He rolled up the clay into a ball.

'olata N: act of rolling something into a ball

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'olata/ 'olap 'olata N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'olata]: ball in the process of being rolled
bid 'olata NExpr [1st pers sg bid 'olata]: clay ball cu:kug 'olata NExpr: meat ball ex: Ha'i 'i ma:k g cu:kug 'o'olata! Give me a few meat balls (that you are making)!

'olatacud Vdtr sing (for mult see 'o'olatacud) [Neutr: def 'olatc; hort 'olatacud]: to
roll obj into a ball for somebody ex: M g hema 'olatacud! Roll it into one ball for me!

'olatk vu VExpr tr sgo (plo: 'o'olatk vu:pu]: to hogtie obj

ex: M g 'olatk vu! Hogtie it! M g 'o'olatk havu:pu! Hogtie them!

olg:ya (Span: horquilla) N alien/ inalien indiv [pl: 'o'olggiya; distr: 'o'olgggiya]: fork;
pitchfork (same as 'uskonaku)

'olha[i]n N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'olha[i]n; distr: 'o''olha[i]n]: bread oven; threshing floor 'olh[a]in Vtr [Neutr: def 'olh[a]i]: to hook obj
ex: 'I 'ant hu 'olhai/'olhi. I'll hook it down.

'olhun N indiv [pl: 'o'olhun]: unbranded cow or horse 'oln:ya (Span: hornilla) N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'olnniya; distr: 'o'olnnniya]: fireplace
(used for cooking)

'ol see Vtr 'olp= to hook obj 'olp Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'olap) sgo or sing (for plo or mult see 'o'olp) [Neutr:
def 'ol; hort 'olp[]]: to hook obj (with one hook) ex: Nt o 'ol g a'i-vulim. I'll hook the bale of hay.

'olpaku N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'olpaku; distr: 'o''olpaku]: hay hook; hooks and
eyes

'olpi'o see Vtr 'olpi'ok= to unhook obj 'olpi'ok Vtr sgo or sing (for plo or mult see 'o'olpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'olpi'o; hort
'olpi'ok]: to unhook obj (one hook)

'olap Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'olp) sgo or sing (for pl or mult see 'o'olap) [Neutr:
indef 'olap. Dur: 'olapa-d]: to hook obj repeatedly (one hook)

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'olap/ 'onk
ex: M(<'am) 'a cum 'olap. I am trying (in vain) to hook (only one hook) my dress (me) Hema 'ab o ho(<ha)'olapad 'am he'es 'i, t 'ab haha hema 'ap(<'ep) o 'em'a'ahe. Be taking turns in hooking them.

'omina N: medicine sticks 'on N alien mass (3rd pers sg: 'on=ga-j; instr 'on-kaj); distr: 'o'on]: salt
ex: M(<'am) g ha vua g 'on cu:kugt'ab! Put some salt on the meat! B(<'ab) o 'i habe:bhe g 'e'o'onga! Each of you bring some of your salt!

'onag Stat impers Unit (for Distr see 'o'onag): there is salt in one location
ex: Nt o hi: gvui mo 'om(<'am) 'onag. I'll go where there is salt.

'onag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'onag): to be full of salt in one location 'onam see Vintr 'oname: to go after salt 'on[a]me Vintr Unit (for Repet see 'onamme) sgs (for pls see 'onop) [Neutr: def
'onam; hort 'on[a]me]: to go after salt ex: Nt o 'onam. I'll go after salt.

'onamme Vintr Repet (for Unit see 'oname) sgs [Neutr: indef 'onamme]: to go
after salt repeatedly

'on-cekku NComp(?) indiv sg [pl: 'on-ceckku]: salt container 'onga Stat sgs [pls: 'o'onga]: to have salt 'ongam N subst [distr: 'o'ongam]: one with salt 'ongamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of salt in one location 'onk N aggreg [distr: 'o'onk]: a bush (salt weed?)
ex: Ha'i 'an haeid g 'onk. I saw some salt bushes in one location. cuck-'onk NComp aggreg: a salt bush (Suaeda arborescens) (black salt bushes) to:ta-'onk NComp aggreg: a salt bush (Atriple nuttalli:?) (white salt bushes)

'onk s- Adj sg [pl: 'o'onk]: salty

ex: Sna:k 'a g s'onk hido. I like salty food.

'onk s- N subst: something salty

ex: Nap sna:k g s'onk? Do you like salty food?

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'onk/ 'opon'onk s- Stat sgs [pls: 'o'onk]: to be salty

ex: S'onk g u:dag. The water is salty. 'I:da'a mu:-hido 'o a 'i s'onk. This dish of beans is too salty. Pi 'o 'onk. It is not salty.

'onka Vintr [Neutr: def 'onka. Interr: 'onka-him]: to become salty

ex: 'Onka 'at g u:dag. The water is salty (has become salty). a 'a(<'o) va 'i 'onkahim g u:dag. The water is getting rather salty.

'onkag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'onkag): to be full of salt weed bushes in
one location

'onmad Vtr sgo (for plo see 'o'onmad) [Neutr: def, indef and hort 'onmad; imper sgs:
'onmada-, pls: 'onmad-o]: to put salt in obj ex: Nt o 'onmad g mu:-hido. I'll put salt in the bean stew. Cum hekid 'ap si 'onmad g 'ehido. You(sg) always put too much salt in your cooking. M(<'am) g 'onmad g 'eva:ga! Put salt in your dough! 'Am g 'ep 'onmad! Put more salt in it!

'onmag[] s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef s-'onmag; def s-'onmag=k. Interr: s-'onmag=kahim); pls: s-'o'onmag[]]: to be salt-colored ex: Hegam hamo:m 'o s'o'onmag. Their hair is salt-colored.

'onmag s- Adj sg [pls: s-'o'onmag]: salt-colored

ex: s'onmag mo'o= salt-colored hair s'onmag jevu= salt-colored soil

'onop Vintr Unit (for Distr see 'o'onop) pls (for sgs see 'on[a]me) [Neutr: def 'ono;
indef 'onop]: to go after salt ex: Tt o 'ono. We'll go after salt (a group of people from the same village).

'onpig Vtr [Neutr: def 'onp; hort 'onpig]: to take salt off obj
ex: M g 'i 'onpig! Take the salt off it!

'opojk Adj: humped, hunched 'opojk 'o:kam NExpr(?): a hunchback (one with a hump on his back) 'opon N aggreg [distr: 'o'opon]: wild spinach 'oponag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'oponag): to be full of wild spinach in
one location

'opon-'u'ame VComp Unit sgs: to go after wild spinach

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'osal/ 'ovickid 'osal (Span: rosario) N alien, inalien indiv [pl: 'o'osal; distr: 'o''osal]: rosary 'oko see Vtr 'okon: to remove the scab (from a sore) 'okon Vtr sgo (for plo see 'o'okon) [Neutr: def oko; hort okon]: to remove the
scab (from a sore) ex: 'Oko 'ont(<'ant) g hivdag. I removed the scab from my sore. Pi g 'am okon g 'ehivdag! Don't remove the scab from your sore!

'otkol N indiv [pl: 'o'otkol; distr: 'o''otkol]: zebra-tailed lizard 'ovgam N aggreg [distr: 'o'ovgam]: a bush (similar to desert broom)
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'ovgam. I saw some 'ovgam bushes.

'ovgamag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'ovgamag): to be full of 'ovgam
bushes in one location

'ovi N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'ovi]: opponent (term formerly used to refer to a gift partner,
now used to refer to opponent teams in games)

'ovi Stat intr sing [mult: 'o'ovi]: to have an opponent 'ovicid Vdtr sing (for mult see 'o'ovicid) [Neutr: def and hort 'ovicid. Correl: 'ovicidk]: to roll obj into a cigarette for somebody (same as 'ovickid) ex: Mamt 'am ab hema vo ha'ovicidk 'an o himc. You(pl) will just roll a cigarette with it for them and pass it around.

'ovick Vtr sing (for mult see 'o'ovick) [Neutr: def 'ovic; hort 'ovick; indef 'ovick;
imper sgs: 'ovicka-. Correl: 'ovic-k. Interr: 'ovicka-him. Dur: 'ovicka-d]: to roll obj into a cigarette ex: Matt 'am o 'ovic ha'icu (<ku) hab u ko:sku. We will roll into a cigarette something that is called ko:sku. Hegve:nadk 'ovick g viv. Together with that they roll tobacco into a cigarette. 'Am haha hema 'ovick 'ab mehidk 'ab ma:. After rolling it into a cigarette, and after lighting it, he gave it to him.

'ovicka N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'ovicka; distr: 'o'ovopcka]: ceremonial cigarette

ex: Tp 'ea 'in a(<va) 'ep 'u:'ukc g hejel 'e'o'ovopcka c 'ab je:. Meanwhile again each one of them was holding his own cigarette and smoking it.

'ovickid Vdtr sing (for mult see 'o'ovickid) [Neutr: def 'ovick; hort 'ovickid]: to roll
obj into a cigarette for somebody (same as 'ovicid)

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'ovickid/ 'o'ocvigag
ex: M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) hema m'ovick. I'll roll you a cigarette with it. M(<'am) g hema 'ovickid! Roll me a cigarette with it!

'ovick see Vdtr 'ovickid= to roll obj into a cigarette for somebody 'ovick[]-to:n NComp: ceremonial cigarette (same as 'uack[]-to:n) 'ovicud Vtr [Neutr: def 'ovic]: to become the opponent of obj 'ovidcud Vtr sing (for mult see 'oipidcud) [Neutr: def 'ovidc; hort 'ovidcud]: to make
an awl for obj

'ovidt Vtr sing (for mult see 'oipidt): to make an awl out of obj
ex: Napt o 'ovidt? Are you making an awl? Nt o hema 'ovidt. I'll make an awl.

'ovij N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: 'oviji-j); pl: 'o'ovij/'oipij; distr: 'o''ovij]: awl 'ovij Stat sing [mult: 'o'ovij/'oipij]: to have an awl
ex: Nap ge 'ovij? Do you(sg) have an awl? Nap ha'i 'o'ovij? Do you(sg) have a few awls?

'ovij vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'o'ovij/ 'oipij]: to be an awl

ex: Hegam u ha'o'ovij. Those are their awls.

'ovit Vintr: to become an opponent 'o'o see N 'o: = back 'o'o see Vintr 'o'ot= to drip, leak 'O'obab N aggreg: Maricopa Indians
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'O'obab. I saw some Maricopas.

'O'obabag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'obbabag): to be full of Maricopas
in one location

'O'obbabag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'O'obabag): to be full of Maricopas
in various locations

'o'ocvig see N 'o:cvig= a kind of worm 'o'ocvigag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of worms in various locations

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'O'odham/ 'o'odhamag 'O'odham N aggreg [distr: 'O''odham]: the People ('O'odham Indians) 'o'odham N alien aggreg [(1st pers -'o'odham=ga); distr: 'o''odham]: people, person(s),
adult man ex: 'Am hema 'ep 'a:'ad g 'o'odham 'ep. They sent another man. 'At heg 'am a(<va) 'ep 'a:'ad 'ep hegam 'o'odham. The people sent him again (hearsay). 'O'odham 'ena:to. He is (has become) an adult man. da:m-ka:cim-'o'odham NComp aggreg alien [3rd pers sg da:m-ka:cim'o'odham=ga-j]: angels ex: da:m-ka:cim-'o'odhamgaj g Jio= Angels of God. gavul ma:s 'o'odham NExpr: nation, group of different people ex: go:k gavul ma:s 'o'odham= two nations gogs-'o'odham NComp: monkey (dog man) Ha:a Ke:k 'am 'o'odham NExpr: the people down at Sacaton Flats Huhugam-'O'odham NComp: the Vanishing People (mythological people) Jevho-'O'odham NComp: Gopher-Man (mythological being) Pi:ma-'O'odham NComp: Pima people, Pima man Tohono-'O'odham NComp: the Desert People 'U'uvhig-'O'odham N Comp [distr: 'U'uvhig-'O''odham]: Bird People (mythological beings) ex: 'Oia hegam ha'i 'U'uvhig-'O''odham pi 'i nako g navait. But some of those BirdMen (coming from different places) had not been able to stand the wine. Vu:im-'O'odham NComp aggreg: the Emergents (a group of mythological people)

'o'odham vu Stat Expr Unit (for Distr see vu 'o''odham) [Neutr: indef vu
'o'odham; concurs vu 'o'odham-c; def vu 'o'odham-k]: to be a person, an adult man ex: Heg 'o s'ap u 'o'odham. He is a good man. Hegam 'o s'ap u 'o'odham. They are good people. Map 'a:pi'i hab masma 'an himhimc u ge ha'icu sma:cim 'o'odhamc 'app hems 'a:pi'i vo 'o(<'e)nako mapt o ce: g ba'ama. You, since you have travelled and are an unusually learned man, perhaps you will be able to find my grandchild. vab ge 'o'odham vu Stat Expr Unit (for Distr see vu vab ge 'o''odham): to be a stranger ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ab ge 'o'odham. He is just a stranger.

'o'odham s- Adv: of man, of human being

ex: S'o'odham 'u:v. It smells of man.

'o'odhamag Stat impers Unit (for Distr see o''odhamag): there is a village, there are
people in one location ex: Pi 'o 'om(<'am) hu ha 'o'odhamag. There are no people there. C 'in 'o'odhamag ha'i. And some people were living there. Ku 'im hu 'i hugk 'am 'o'odhamag ma gm hu ab me:k 'am ki:. He lived far away from the outskirts of the village (hearsay). Ta'i 'o'odhamag. There are people upstream.

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'o'odhamag/ 'o'oga 'o'odhamag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''odhamag): to be full of people in
one location

'O'odhamaj iok VExpr: to speak in 'O'odham

ex: Koi s'ap iok 'o'odhamaj. He does not speak good 'O'odham yet.

'o'odhamcud Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'o''odhamcud) [Neutr: def 'e-'o'odhamc]:
to become an adult man ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'e'o'odhamc. Now he is an adult man.

'o'odhamga vu Stat Expr: to be somebody's people

ex: Hegam u 'o'odhamga. They are my people.

'O'odham haJevuga NFpr [distr: 'O'odham ha-Jejevuga]: 'O'odham country,

district

'O'odham-Jevu NComp: 'O'odham country 'O'odham-iok VComp sgs: to speak 'O'odham

ex: Koi s'ap 'o'odham-iok hega'i. That child does not speak 'O'odham yet.

'O'odham-i'ok NComp: the 'O'odham language 'o'o N alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: 'o'o=ga-j; loc: 'o'o-c-'e[a]); distr: 'o''o]: gravel,
coarse sand ex: Pi 'o a 'i mu'ij g 'o'o. There is not enough gravel. Ha'i mo:mto'id g 'o'o! Get me a few loads of gravel! M(<'am) 'at ha'i ul g 'o'o bi: 'e. Some gravel fell in my food.

'o'o Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'o; for Distr see 'o:'oa): to harvest obj repeatedly
ex: P hekid 'i 'o'o g 'ehu:ga? When do you(sg) harvest your corn?

'o'oag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''oag): to be full of gravel, coarse sand
in one location ex: S'o'oag 'o 'om(<'am) 'akc'e. It is full of gravel in the wash. S'o'oag 'o g pilka. The wheat is full of gravel.

'o'oaku see N 'oaku= harvesting spot 'o'oga Stat: to have gravel, coarse sand

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'o'oga/ 'o'ohod 'o'oga s- Stat: to have a lot of gravel, coarse sand

ex: Nap 'am a(<va) s'o'oga? Do you(sg) have enough gravel?

'o'ogam N subst: a place with gravel 'o'ogi Vintr: to become crystallized (about syrup or honey when it hardens)
ex: 'O'ogi 'atk g sitol. The syrup has crystallized (evidential).

'o'okam N subst: place with gravel 'o'omad Vtr: to get obj full of gravel, coarse sand
ex: 'O'omad 'ant. I got it full of gravel (by dropping it). -- Ha-'ant-ha'o'omad. I got them full of gravel.

'o'omad Vreflex: to get full of gravel, coarse sand

ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-'e'o'omad. It got full of gravel.

'o'omag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'o''omag]: to be gravel-like 'o'opig Vtr [Neutr: 'o'op; hort 'o'opig] : to take gravel off obj 'o'op see Vtr 'o'opig= to take gravel off obj 'o'og see N 'o:g= father; father elder brother 'o'ogba see N 'o:gba= deceased father; deceased father elder brother 'o'ogig see Stat 'o:gig= to be left handed 'o'ogji see Adv s-'o:gji= left 'o'ogji see Postp s-'o:gji= left of obj 'o'ohia N mass [distr: 'o''ohia]: sand in a wash
ex: 'O'ohia b(<hab) 'ac 'a'aga g 'ak mas o smoikad. Sand we call (the soil of a) wash that is soft. Ha gei g 'o'ohia bi: 'e. Some sand fell in my food.

'o'ohiag s- Stat impers Unit for Distr see s-'o''ohiag): to be full of sand in one place 'o'oho see Vtr 'o'ohon= to write something down; to paint, photograph, obj 'o'oho in 'e'O'oho: a nickname (he painted himself) 'o'ohod s- Vtr pls (for sgs see s-'o:hod) [Neutr: def and indef s-'o'ohod]: to get tired of
obj

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'o'ohodacud/ 'o'ohon 'o'ohodacud s- Vtr pls (for sgs see s-'o:hodacud) [Neutr: def s-'o'ohodac; indef s'o'ohodacud]: to tire/ bore obj ex: Hegam 'o s'o'ohodacud. They tire/ bore me. 'o'ohoag (dial: 'o'ohaag) N inalien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: 'o'oho[a]ga-j); distr: 'o''ohoag]: design; sign sjuhu'ujul 'o'ohoag NExpr (?): a basket design (zigzagging design) sto'otbid 'o'ohoag NExpr (?): a basket design (step-like design) e'eel 'o'ohoag NExpr (?):a basket design (straight design)

'o'ohoag (dial: 'o'ohaag) Stat: to be (a) design(s); there is a sign, a design

ex: Ha'i 'o skeg 'o'ohoag. Some are beautiful designs.-- K haha ce: ma 'an ge 'o'ohoag heg'ab hega'i ki:. And he noticed that there was a sign on that house (unexpectedly). No 'on(<'an) 'o'ohoag ki:t'aba'i? Is there a sign on the house? Pi 'o 'on(<'an) hu 'o'ohoag. There is no sign (on it). huju 'o'ohoag Stat Expr: to be a lizard design ex: Huju 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'o'ohoag. It is a lizard design

'o'ohoag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''ohoag): to be full of designs in one
location

'o'ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) N aggreg inalien [(3rd pers sg: 'o'ohona-j; loc: 'o'ohon-c-'e);
distr: 'o''ohon]: book; letter/ mail ex: 'an 'o'ohonc'e[a]= in the book --He'ekia 'apt 'i 'o'ohon hanolot? How many books did you(sg) buy? Ha'i 'ant ha'ui g 'o'ohon. I got some letters.

'o'ohon in Jio-'O'ohon NComp aggreg: Bible (God's Book; also called 'o'ohon) 'o'ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) Vtr [Neutr: def 'o'oho; indef 'o'ohon. Interr: 'o'ohona-him]: to
make/ paint a design on obj ex: Si na:nko masma 'ab 'o'oho 'ab vuhio hega'i 'uv. He painted all kinds of designs on the face of that woman. Ba:ban hago:k 'ant 'ab o 'o'oho. I'll make a Coyote's tracks design (on a basket). Hega'i 'uv 'o'ohonahim g ba:ban hago:k 'ehua 'ab. That woman is making a Coyote's tracks design on her basket. Ba:ban hago:k 'a 'ab cum 'o'ohonahim. I used to make Coyote's tracks designs (on baskets). Nt o sikolim 'o'oho. I'll draw a circle (on it).

'o'ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) Vtr Unit (for Repet and for Distr see 'o''ohon) [Neutr: def
'o'oho; indef and hort 'o'ohon. Compl: 'o'ohon-ok; immed: 'o'ohon-oka-'i. Dur: 'o'ohonad.]: to write obj down ex: N(<'an) g 'o'ohon! Write it down! M(<'am) g ab 'i 'o'ohonad. Keep on writing. Nt o 'ip 'an 'o'ohonok. Let me write it down first. Cum hekid 'o'ohon. He writes all the time.

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'o'ohon/ 'o'ohoid 'o'ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) Vtr [Neutr: def 'o'oho]: to take a picture of obj
ex: Nt o m'o'oho. I'll take your picture.

'o'ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'o'oho]: to paint oneself

ex: K 'ab 'e'o'oho hab masma mo 'on(<'an) hab cu'ig. And he had painted himself the way it is usually done.

'o'ohon Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'o'oho; indef 'e-'o'ohon]: to get written down
ex: An 'e'o'ohon gn hu veco. There are subtitles (it gets written below)

'o'ohona (dial: 'o'ohana, 'o'oho) N inalien aggreg [distr: 'o'ohona]: writing, written
word(s) ex: 'Ua 'at g 'o'ohona. He erased the writing. --Nt o ha'i 'i ha'u'a g 'o'ohona. I will erase some of my writing (written words).

'o'ohonaku N inalien aggreg [distr: 'o'ohonaku]: pen, pencil (instrument to write

with) ex: Nt o ha'i hanolat g 'o'ohonaku. I'll buy some pens/ pencils from somebody.

'o'ohonaku in 'e-dadagpadam-'o'ohonaku NComp(?): typewriter (writing

instrument being pressed down with the fingers)

'o'ohonas (dial: 'o'ohanas) Stat [Neutr: indef 'o'ohonas; def 'o'ohonas=k. Dur:
'o'ohonas=ka-d. Interr: 'o'ohonas-him]: to be written ex: ... mo hob(<hab) masma 'an 'o'ohonas 'an 'O'ohonc'e. ... as it is written in the Bible.

'o'ohonask N subst: writing on the floor (where it is written)

ex: Pi g 'an hu 'ekeip m(<mo) 'an 'o'ohonask da:m. Don't step on the writing (on top of where it is written).

'o'ohon-to'aku NComp(?): bookcase 'o'oho see Vtr 'o'ohoid= to write a letter to obj 'o'ohoid (dial: 'o'ohaid) Vtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see 'o''ohoid) [Neutr: def
'o'oho; indef and hort 'o'ohoid]: to write a letter to obj ex: Nt o 'i ha'o'oho. I'll write to someone. Nt o hema 'i 'o'oho. I'll write a letter to him. Nt o ha'i 'i ha'o'oho. I'll write a few letters to someone. B(<'ab) g hema 'i 'o'ohoid. Write me a letter. (<'a) hema 'o'ohaid g nje'e. I write a letter to my mother.

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'o'oi/ 'o'okokoi 'o'oi s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'o''oi]: to be decorated, to have designs, prints
ex: 'ipu 'o s'o'oi. My skirt has designs. 'ipu c nsa:go 'o ge s'o''oi. My skirt and my blouse have designs (unexpectedly). Nt o ho(<ha) bei g lo:ba t o s'o'oik, vo hema 'ipuc. I'll get some material with prints to make me a skirt.

'o'oid see N 'oid= field 'o'oid Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'oid; for Distr see 'o''oid): to go with, follow, rejoin obj
repeatedly ex: hekid hasko hihhim cum hekid 'o'oid. When I go somewhere he always follows me.

'o'oidag see N 'oidag= field 'o'oidc see Postp 'oidc= behind, after, along 'o'oidckam see N subst 'oidckam= the one after 'o'oidckam see Stat Expr vu si ha'oidckam= to be the last one(s) 'o'oidk see Postp 'oidk= behind, after, along, among 'o'oido Vtr pls: to go hunting certain animals (such as pack rats, jack rabbits)
ex: Tt o 'o'oido. We'll go hunting (pack rats or jack rabbits).

'o'oidt Vtr mult (for sing see 'oidt) [Neutr: def 'o'oidt]: to make obj into fields
ex: Hemu 'utk(<'atk) 'i a 'o'oidt. Now he has/they have made fields here.

'o'okam see N subst 'o:kam= with a back 'o'okiga see Stat 'oksga= to have a wife 'o'okiga see Stat Expr vu 'oksga= to be somebody's wife 'o'okimait Vintr pls (for sgs see 'okmait): to become middle-aged women 'o'ok see N 'oks= old woman; wife 'o'ok-hato:ton NComp aggreg [distr: 'o'ok-hatotton]: a variety of cantaloupe (old
women their knees)

'o'okt Vintr pls (for sg see 'okst): to become old women 'o'ok-'i:bhai NComp aggreg: name of the fruits of one variety of prickly pear cactus
(old woman's 'i:bhai)

'o'okokoi see N 'okokoi= white-winged dove

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'o'okokoig/ 'o'olopgaj 'o'okokoig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''okokoig): to be full of whitewinged doves in one location

'o'oks see N 'oks= old woman; wife 'o'oksig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''okig): to be full of old women in one
location 'o'okstaku see N 'okstaku= name of a mushroom 'o'ola see N 'ola= the pair of wooden balls used in the tokaa game 'o'ola see N 'o:la= gold 'o'ola see N 'o:la= hour

'o'olag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of gold in several locations 'o'olas-pilka NComp aggreg: Pima wheat 'o'olat Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'o''olat) mult (for sing see 'olat): to roll up obj into
balls ex: Heg 'at g bid vaik ha'o'olat. He rolled up the clay into three balls. 'Am haha 'i ha'o'olat ve:nadk hega'i matai c g jevu. Then he rolled the ashes mixed with clay into balls. M(<'am) o ho(<ha) va: g cu'i k vaik o ho(<ha)'o'olat! Mix some dough and roll up three buns! Ha'i ha'o'olat g cu:kug-cuhivi. He rolled up a few meat balls.

'o'olatacud Vdtr mult (for sing see 'olatacud) [Neutr: def 'o'olatac; hort 'o'olatacud]:
to roll obj into balls for somebody ex: M g ha'i 'o'olatacud! Roll it into several balls for me!

'o'olggiya see N 'olg:ya= fork; pitchfork 'o'olgggiya see N 'olg:ya= fork; pitchfork 'o'olhain see N 'olhain= bread oven; threshing floor 'o'olhun see N 'olhun= unbranded cow or horse 'o'olnniya see N 'oln:ya= fireplace used for cooking 'o'olnnniya see N 'oln:ya= fireplace used for cooking 'o'olopa/ 'o'olop N inalien: kidneys of a person (same as 'o'olopig) 'o'olopgag in ha'icu 'o'olopgag NExpr: kidneys of an animal
haiva-'o'olopgag NComp: beef kidneys

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'o'olopgaj/ 'o'olopig 'o'olopgaj N inalien: kidneys of a specific animal (its kidneys) 'o'olopig N inalien [lst pers sg: -'o'olopig]: kidneys of a person (same as 'o'olopa/
'o'olop)

'o'olp Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'o'olap) plo or mult (for sgs or sing see 'olp)
[Neutr: def 'o'ol; hort 'o'olp[]]: to hook obj (several hooks) ex: B(<'ab) 'at o ho(<ha)'o'ol g kakavyu 'ab kalittab. He is going to hook the horses to the wagon. Ku:gam 'i kekkiva, m(<'am) 'ant a(<va) vo m'o'ol. Turn around, I'll hook your dress (you) M(<'am) g 'i 'o'olp! Could you hook my dress (me)! M(<'am) 'a cum 'o'olp. I am trying (in vain) to hook my dress (me).

'o'olpaku see N 'olpaku= hay hook; hooks and eyes 'o'olpi'ok Vtr plo/ mult (for sgo/ sing see 'olpi'ok) [Neutr: def 'o'olpi'o; indef and
hort 'o'olpi'ok]: to unhook obj (several hooks) ex: Ku:gam 'i kekkiva, 'ant 'am o m'o'olpi'o! Turn around, I'll unhook your dress (you)! (<'a) cum 'o'olpi'ok. I am trying (in vain) to unhook my dress (me).

'o'olap Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'o'olp) plo or mult (for sgo or sing see 'olap)
[Neutr: indef 'o'olap. Dur: 'o'olapa-d]: to hook obj repeatedly (several hooks) ex: Ha'o'olap g a'i. He is hooking bales of hay. 'Ab o ho(<ha)'o'olapad g a'i! Be hooking the bales of hay!

'o'on see N alien mass 'on= salt 'o'onag Stat impers Distr: there is salt in several locations 'o'onag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of salt in several locations 'o'onga see Stat 'onga= to have salt 'o'onk see N 'onk= a bush (salt weed?) 'o'onk see Stat s-'onk= to be salty 'o'onkag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of salt weed bushes in several locations
ex: 'Am 'o s'o'onkag. It is full of salt weed bushes down there.

'o'onmad Vtr plo (for sgo see 'onmad) [Neutr: def, indef and hort: 'o'onmad]: to put
salt in obj ex: M(<'am) g ha'o'onmad g hihido! Put salt in the pots of food!

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'o'onmag/'o'otkol 'o'onmag see Adj s-'onmag= salt-colored 'o'onmag[] see Stat s-'onmag[]= to be salt-colored 'o'onop Vintr Distr (for Unit see 'onop) pls [Neutr: def 'o'ono; indef 'o'onop]: to go
after salt ex: T o 'o'ono. I hear that they (people from different villages) are going to go after salt.

'o'oponag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of wild spinach in various places 'o'os see Vtr 'o'osid= to strain obj 'o'osa see N 'o:sa= sickle 'o'osal see N 'osal= rosary 'o'osid Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'o''osid) (Neutr: def 'o'os; hort 'o'osid]: to strain obj, to
make obj fall in drops ex: Nt o 'o'os. I'll strain it. M g 'o'osid! Could you strain it! Hetasp 'am o 'o'os heg'ea u:dag k haha vo 'i:. Pour five drops of it in water and drink it.

'o'osidacud Vdtr [Neutr: def 'o'osidac; hort 'o'osidacud]: to strain obj for somebody
ex: Nt o 'i m'o'osidac. I'll strain it for you(sg).

'o'osidaku N inalien aggreg [distr: 'o'osidaku]: strainer

kavh:-'o'osidaku NComp: percolator (coffee strainer)

'o'oa see 'o:a: puma, jaguar 'o'oaag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''oa): to be full of pumas/ jaguars in
one location

'o'okon Vtr plo (for sgo see 'okon) [Neutr: def 'ooko; hort 'o'okon]: to remove the
scab from sores

'o'ot Vintr [Neutr: def 'o'o; indef 'o'ot. Interr: 'o'ota-him. Dur: 'o'ota-d]: to drip, to leak ex:
Vatk o sho:tam 'o'o. It will drip fast. 'O'o g mki:. Your house leaked. Pi 'aptk vinma ku: g to:baku k 'an ge 'o'ot. You did not turn off the faucet tight and it drips. ki: 'o cum 'o'otahim. My house used to leak. T o ge 'o'otad. It will be leaking.-- Mat heba'i g ki: pi 'am hu vo si skegajk g ma'ipagaj k o ju:k k o 'o'o g u:dag. Whenever the roof of a house is not in good condition it leaks when it rains.

'o'otkol see N 'otkol= zebra-tailed lizard

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'o'otkolig/ 'o''o 'o'otkolig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o''otkolig): to be full of zebra-tailed
lizards in one location

'o'ovgam see N 'ovgam= a bush 'o'ovgamag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of 'ovgam bushes in several locations 'o'ovi see N 'ovi= opponent 'o'ovi see Stat intr 'ovi= to have an opponent 'o'ovicid Vdtr mult (for sing see 'ovicid): to roll obj into cigarettes for somebody
(same as 'o'ovickid)

'o'ovick Vtr mult (for sing see 'ovick) [Neutr: def 'o:vic; hort 'o'ovick]: to roll up obj
into cigarettes.

'o'ovicka see N 'ovicka= ceremonial cigarette 'o'ovickid Vdtr mult (for sing see 'ovickid) [Neutr: def 'o'ovick; hort 'o'ovickid]: to
roll obj into cigarettes for somebody (same as 'o'ovicid)

'o'ovij see N 'ovij= awl 'o'ovij see Stat 'ovij= to have an awl 'o'ovij see Stat Expr vu 'ovij= to be an awl 'o'ovopcka see N 'ovicka= ceremonial cigarette 'o''odham see N 'o'odham= The People; people, person(s) 'o''odham vu Stat Expr Distr (for Unit see vu 'o'odham): to be people, adult men
from various locations

'o''odham in vu vab ge 'o''odham Stat Expr Distr (for Unit see vu vab ge 'o'odham): to be strangers from various locations
ex: Hegam u ab ge 'o''odham. They are strangers from different places.

'o''odhamag Stat impers Distr: there are people in various places 'o''odhamcud Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'o'odhamcud) [Neutr: def 'e-'o''odhamc]:
to become adult men ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) 'e'o'odhamc. Now they are adult men.

'o''o see N 'o= gravel, coarse sand

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'o''oag/ 'o''oi 'o''oag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of gravel in several locations 'o''omag see Stat s-'o'omag= to be gravel-like 'o''ohiag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see 'o'ohiag): to be full of sand in several
locations

'o''oho see Vtr 'o''ohon= to write down obj 'o''ohoag see N 'o'ohoag= design; sign 'o''ohoag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of designs in several locations 'o''ohon (dial: 'o'ohan) Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'o'ohon) [Neutr: def 'o''oho; indef and
hort 'o''ohon. Dur: 'o''ohona-d]: to write down obj ex: N(<'an) 'ampt o 'o''oho mant 'am hab o cei! Each one of you will write down what I say! M(<'am) g o ob(<vab) 'i 'o''ohonad! Keep on (you pl) writing it down!

'o''ohon see N 'o'ohon= book; letter 'o''ohon (dial 'o''ohan) Repet (for Unit see 'o'ohon) [Neutr: indef 'o''ohon]: to write
down obj repeatedly ex: Ha'i ha'o''ohon g 'O'odham-i'ok ves takaj. He writes down some 'O'odham words every day.

'o''ohona see N 'o'ohona= writing; written word 'o''ohonaku see N 'o'ohonaku= pen, pencil 'o''oho see Vtr 'o''ohoid= to write a letter to obj 'o''ohoid (dial: 'o''ohaid) Repet (for Unit see 'o'ohoid) [Neutr: indef 'o''ohoid.
Dur 'o''ohoida-d]: to write repeatedly to obj ex: Ves domig 'a 'am hema 'o''ohoid g nje'e. Every week I write a letter to my mother. -- Ves domig nt 'am haha vo hema 'i 'o''ohoidad g nje'e. From now on, I'll be writing a letter to my mother every week.

'o''ohoid (dial: 'o''ohaid) Vdtr Distr (for Unit see 'o'ohoid) [Neutr: def 'o''oho;
indef and hort 'o''ohoid. Dur: 'o''ohoida-d]: to write a letter to obj ex: Mt o 'i ha'o'oho g 'eje:j! Each one of you will write a letter to your respective mothers! Ves domig vo 'i ha'o''ohoidad g 'eje:j! Every week, each one of you will be writing a letter to your respective mothers!

'o''oi see Stat s-'o'oi= to be decorated, to have designs

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'o''oid/ 'o''oa 'o''oid Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'oid; for Repet see 'o'oid) [Neutr: def 'o''oi; indef and
hort 'o''oid. Dur: 'o''oida-d]: to go with obj, to follow obj ex: Vo ho(<ha)'o''oi g 'e'u'adam. Each one of you will go with your respective war-party leader. Hema vo 'o''oidad ves takaj. One after the other one of you will be coming with me every day. Hasko hema 'ab mamkac 'im hu 'i ha'o''oid. One after the other, they give it (the basket) to someone, as they rejoin them (the people at the camp).

'o''oid Vreflex Distr: to follow each other (in several groups)

ex: 'i 'i(<'e)'o''oid. They were following each other (in several groups).

'o''oidag see N 'oidag= field 'o''oidag see Stat 'oidag= to have a field 'o''okig s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of old women in various locations 'o''ok see N 'oks= old woman, wife 'o''okokoig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'o'okokoig): to be full of whitewinged doves in several locations

'o''oks see N 'oks= old woman, wife 'o''ola see N 'ola= the pair of wooden balls of the tokaa game 'o''olat Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'olat): to roll up obj into a ball
ex: G o 'i ha'o''olat g 'eva:paga. Each one of you, roll up your dough (into buns).

'o''olhain see N 'olhain= bread oven; threshing floor 'o''olpaku see N 'olpaku= hay hook; hooks and eyes 'o''os see Vtr 'o''osid= to strain obj 'o''osa see N 'o:sa= sickle 'o''osal see N 'osal= rosary 'o''osid Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'o'osid) [Neutr: def 'o''os; hort 'o''osid]: to strain obj, to
make obj (a liquid) fall in drops ex: M(<'am) g o ho(<ha)'o''osid. Each one of you strain them. Hetasp 'am o 'o''os heg'ea u:dag k haha vo 'i:'i. Each one of you, pour five drops of it in water and then drink it.

'o''osidaku see N 'o'osidaku= strainer o''oa s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of pumas, tigers, jaguars in several locations

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'o''otkolig/ 'o:b[]ma 'o''otkolig s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of zebra-tailed lizards in several locations 'o''ovij see N 'ovij= awl 'o:'o: see Vtr 'o= to harvest obj 'o: inalien indiv [pl: 'o'o]: back
ex: 'o: 'oidk= along my back 'o: 'oidk= along his back 'e'o: 'an= on one's back Mapt 'im o vo'iva 'o: 'ea! Lay it on my back!

'O:b N aggreg [distr: 'O:'ob]: Apache

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'O:b. I saw some Apaches (from one place). Ha'i 'a haeid g 'O:'ob. I saw some Apaches (from various places).

'O:b vu Stat Expr: to be (an) Apache(s) 'O:b in si 'O:b NExpr: full-blooded Apache
si 'O:b vu Stat Expr: to be a full-blooded Apache ex: Heg 'o (<vu) si 'O:b. He is a full-blooded Apache

'O:bag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'O:'obag): to be full of Apaches in one
location

'O:baj Adv: in Apache

ex: 'A:i 'a 'O:baj iok. I speak in Apache. 'O:baj eiok. They speak in Apache.

'O:bc'e N: in Apache land

ex: 'O:bc'e 'o ki:. He lives in Apache land.

'o:bgam N aggreg: a tree (similar to palo verde)

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'o:bgam. I saw some 'o:bgam trees in one location.

'o:bgamag s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of 'o:bgam trees in one location 'o:b[]ma N aggreg: a lizard
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'o:b[]ma. I saw some 'o:bma lizards.

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'O:b-/ 'o:hod 'O:b-i'ok NComp: Apache language, words 'o:cvig N indiv [pl: 'o'ocvig]: a worm (found on trees)
ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'o'ocvig. I saw some 'o:cvig worms.

'o:cvigag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'ocvigag): to be full of 'o:cvig worms
in one location

'o:g N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'og]: father; father's older brother

ex: D(<vu) 'o m'o'og hacu:kug. It is your fathers' flesh. ba'ama-'o:g NComp inalien: son in-law; father-in-law moi-'o:g NComp inalien: son-in-law; mother-in-law (same as mo:ms ha'o:g) mo:ms ha'o:g N Expr inalien: son-in-law; mother-in-law (same as moi-'o:g)

'o:g vu Stat Expr: to be someone's father

ex: Heg 'o (<vu) ha'o:g. He is their father. Heg 'o (<vu) 'o:gaj. He is his father.

'o:gba N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'ogba]: deceased father; deceased father's elder brother 'o:gig Stat sgs [pls: 'o'ogig]: to be left handed
ex: Heg 'o ge 'o:gig. He is left handed. Hegam 'o ge 'o'ogig. They are left handed.

'o:gji s- Mod [distr: 'o'ogji]: left

ex: s'o:gji nta= my left foot --M(<'am) 'apt o hi: vo:g 'oidc k s'o:gji o 'i no! Go along that road and turn left!-- S'o'ogji 'i no:nag g mamagina. Cars turn left.

'o:gji s- Postp [distr: 'o'ogji]: left of obj

ex: 'An 'o sm'o:gji ve:c. It is lying on your left. 'An 'o sha'o'ogji ve:c. It is lying on their left (on the left of each of them).

'o:g keli NExpr[1st pers sg -'o:g keli]: father's elder brother (also called simply keli) 'o:gta in cioj 'o:gta NExpr inalien [1st pers sg cioj -'o:gta]: father (found only in
some Speeches) ex: 'Ab si tai g cioj -'o:gta. I asked my father (the ocean) for it.

'o:hod s- Vtr sgs (for pls see s-'o'ohod) [Neutr: def and indef s-'o:hod]: to get tired of
obj ex: S'o:hod 'o. He gets tired of it/him. Ha'i 'ant sha'o:hod g 'i'ipu. I am tired of some of my dresses. Mat ha'icu pi vu o ttacuikad, tt o s'o:hod. When something is not to our liking, we get tired of it.

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'o:hodacud/ 'o:mid 'o:hodacud s- Vtr sgs (for pls see 'o'ohodacud) [Neutr: def 'o:hodac; indef
'o:hodacud]: to tire obj ex: Kut hab 'i 'i(<'e)ju: g ncegtoidag mat hek hu a(<va) 'i s'o:hodac 'i:da'a ha'icu-'a:ga. As far as I am concerned, I have been tired of this story (this story has tired me) for a long time. Heg 'o s'o:hodacud. He bores me.

'o:kam N subst sg [pl: 'o'okam]: one with a back

ex: gevk 'o:kam: one with a stiff back gevpk 'o'okam= ones with stiff backs cuvidk-'o:kam NComp(?): a hunch back (one with a hump on his back)

'o:la (Span: oro) N mass: gold (the metal)

ex: 'o:la 'ailo= gold ring

'o:la (Span: oro) N aggreg [distr: 'o'ola]: gold (in pieces)

ex: M(<'am) 'ant hi a(<va) ha'i 'al hace: g 'o:la. I found just a few pieces of gold.

'o:la (Span: hora) N aggreg [distr: 'o'ola]: hour

ex: K he'ekia 'i mnamkid g 'o:la? How much does he pay you(sg) per hour? He'ekia 'o (<vu) a(<va) 'i g 'o:la? What time is it? Gi'ik 'o'ola 'a cikpan ves takaj. I work four hours every day. s'ap e [g 'o:la] Adv Expr: on time. ves 'o:la 'e Adv Expr: every hour

'o:la in vu Numeral 'o:la Stat Expr: to be so many hours

ex: ...mat 'am u o 'i gi'ik 'o:lak= in (after it will be) four hours

'o:la in Numeral + 'o:la ve:gaj NExpr: every so many hours

ex: Nt o ha'icu mma: pt o ho(<ha) ba'ad gi'ik 'o:la ve:gaj. I'll give you something for you to swallow (some of it) every four hours.

'o:la in Numeral 'o:lac'e[a]/ Numeral 'o:la 'e[a]/ Numeral 'e g 'o:la NComp
/Expr: at Numeral o'clock ex: cu:dp-'o:lac'e= at 6 o'clock vaik 'o:la 'e[a] /vaik 'e g 'o:la= at 3 o'clock

'o:lag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'o'olag): to be full of gold in one location 'o:laga Stat: to have gold
ex: Nap ge 'o:laga? Do you have any gold?

'o:las Adj: spherical 'o:mid see Vtr 'o:miid= to break off obj for somebody

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'o:min/ 'o:sa'o:min Vtr plo (for sgo see mulin) [Neutr: def 'o:m; hort 'o:min. Correl: 'o:min-k.
Compl: 'o:min-ok. Dur: 'o:mina-d:]: to break off obj by bending them once ex: 'I ge:k ha'o:m g 'ekakkio. He fell and broke his legs. Nt o ho(<ha)'o:m g 'u'us. I'll break off the twigs. B(<'ab) g ha'i ha'o:min g 'u'us! Break off some twigs!-- Pt o ha'i 'i ha'o:mink g 'u'us. You will break off some twigs.

'o:min Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-mulin) [Neutr: def 'e-'o:m]: to break off when bent 'o:mi see Vdtr 'o:miid: to break off obj for somebody 'o:mi Stat pls (for sgs see muli): to be broken
ex: No 'o:mi g mkakkio? Are your legs broken?

'o:mi Adj pl (for sg see muli): broken

ex: Hega'i mo ge 'o:mi kakkio. The one who has broken legs (unexpectedly).

'o:mi[i]d Vdtr plo (for sgo see muliid) [Neutr: def 'o:mi; hort 'o:miid/'o:mid]: to
break off obj for somebody ex: Pt o ha'i 'o:mi g 'u'us! You will break off some twigs for me! Ha'i 'o:miid/ 'o:mid! Break some off for me!

'O:mi-Kakkiokam NComp(?): a nickname (one-with-broken-legs) 'o:mi Vtr plo (for sgo see muli) [Neutr: indef o:mi. Dur: 'o:mia-d]: to break off obj
by bending reiteratedly

'o:m see Vtr 'o:min: to break off obj 'o:mig in ha'icu 'o:mig NExpr pl (for sg see ha'icu mulig): pieces broken by
bending kui-'o:mig NComp(?): broken pieces of mesquite

'o:migaj N inalien pl (for sg see muligaj): broken pieces of a specified entity (its
broken pieces)

'o:sa/ ho:sa (Span: hoz) N inalien indiv [pl: 'o'osa; distr: 'o''osa]: sickle 'o:sa-dahidag NComp: sickle handle 'o:sa-mu'ukdag NComp: sickle blade

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'o:a/ 'o:'oa 'o:a N indiv [pl: 'o'oa; distr: 'o''oa]: puma, tiger, jaguar 'o:a Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'o:a]: to rest
ex: Nt o a 'i ha 'o:a. I'll rest for a while.

'o:an Vreflex [Neutr: indef and hort 'e-'o:an Dur: 'e-'o:ana-d]: to rest (same as 'e'ulinhogid) ex: Himk a 'i 'i(<'e)'o:an! Go and rest for a while! Ves takaj 'a a 'al 'i 'o:an. Every day I rest for a while. M(<'am) g ab 'i 'i(<'e)'o:anad! Keep on resting!

'o:t Vintr [Neutr: indef 'o:t. Interr: 'o:ta-him. Dur: 'o:ta-d]: to drip, leak
ex: 'An ge 'o:t g to:baku. The faucet is leaking. T o 'o:tad. It will be dripping. ki: 'o cum 'o:tahim. My house used to leak.

'o:tk/ 'o:tko N inalien: flesh on each side of the back bone of a cow
ex: 'o:tko 'ep 'i nceka. He also drew a line on my back.

'o:tk-tatai NComp(?): sinews (in the flesh on each side of the back bone) 'o:va Vtr Unit: to hit one's back against something once
ex: B(<'ab) 'ant si 'o:va. I hit my back hard against it.

'o:'o N inalien aggreg: bone(s) of a person 'o:'o in ha'icu 'o:'o NExpr sg [pl: ha'icu ha-'o:'o]: bones of one animal/ several
animals of the same kind ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g ha'icu 'o:'o. I saw some bones of one animal. gogos ha'o:'o NExpr pl: dogs' bones haiva ha'o:'o NExpr pl: cows' bones

'o:'o in ha'icu 'i ha-'o:'o NExpr: bones of animals of different kinds 'O:'ob see N 'O:b= Apache(s) 'O:'obag s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'O:bag): to be full of Apaches in several
locations

'o:'oa Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'o; for Repet see 'o'o): to harvest obj
ex: Vo 'o:'oa g 'e''es. Each one of them is going to harvest the crops. Ves 'a'ahidag vo 'o:'oa g 'ehuhuga. Every year they (people from different villages) will harvest their corn.

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'o:'og/ 'uam 'o:'og N inalien: tears

ex: Mat hema vo oakad, t 'ab o e'iopa g 'o:'ogaj. When someone cries, his tears flow.

'o:'og s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of bones in one location 'u'ua see Vtr 'uan= to erase obj 'uac see Vtr 'uack= to roll up a cigarette 'uack (dia: 'oack) Vtr [Neutr: def 'uac; hort 'uack; imper sgs 'uacka-]: to roll up a
cigarette (same as 'ovick) ex: M(<'am) g hema 'uack! Roll up one (cigarette)! Nt o hema 'uac. I'll roll up one (cigarette).

'uacka (dial: 'oacka) N inalien: ceremonial cigarette (same as 'ovicka) 'uackid Vdtr [Neutr: def 'uack; hort 'uackid]: to roll up a cigarette for somebody (same
as 'ovickid) ex: M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) hema m'uack. I will roll you one. M(<'am) g hema 'uackid! Could you roll me one!

'uack see Vdtr 'uackid= to roll up a cigarette for somebody 'uack[]-to:n NComp inalien: ceremonial cigarette (old Expression found in speeches,
same as 'ovick[]-to:n) ex: 'Am bei g 'uack[]-to:n. (I) took my ceremonial cigarette.

'uag N inalien indiv [sg: (3rd pers: 'uaga-j; loc: 'uag-c-'e[a]); pl/distr: 'u'ag]: marrow;
brain

'uam s- Adj sg [pl: 'u'am]: yellow

s-cukuma s-'uam Adj Expr: brown (dark yellow)

'uam in [s-]'Uam Maad NExpr: the month of April (Yellow Moon) 'uam in [s-]'Uam Nuv NExpr: Yellow Buzzard (a mythological character) 'uam in s'uam 'u:v Stat Expr sgs: to stink, to smell of feces (to have a yellow smell)

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'uam/ 'uaid 'uam s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'u'am]: to be yellow 'uama Vintr sgs (for pls see 'u'ama) [Neutr: def 'uama. Interr: 'uama-him]: to become
yellow ex: 'Uamahim 'o. It is getting yellow.

'uamad Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'amad) [Neutr: def and indef 'uamad]: to make obj
become yellow (same as 'uamajid)

'uamaj see Vtr 'uamajid: to make obj become yellow 'uamajid Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'amajid) [Neutr: def 'uamaj; def and hort 'uamajid]: to
make obj become yellow (same as 'uamad)

'uamma s- Adv sg [pl: s-'u'amma]: yellow-like 'uamma s- Stat intr sgs [pls: s-'u'amma]: to be dirty, full of feces
ex: Heg 'o s'uamma. He is dirty. -- Hegam 'o s'u'amma. They are dirty. -- Cum 'o s'uammakahim. He used to be dirty.

'uamma s-ce:dag s- Adv Expr sg [pl: s-'u'amma s-cehedag]: yellow-green/ blue 'uan (dial: 'oan) Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'an) [Neutr: def 'ua; indef and hort 'uan; 1st
pers sg imper: 'uana-. Interr: 'uana-him. Dur: 'uana-d]: to erase obj ex: Nt o 'i 'ua g 'o'ohona. I will erase the writing. -- 'I 'uan! Erase it! -- Cum hekid 'a 'i 'uan g 'o'ohona. I always erase my writing.--M(<'am) g ab 'i 'uanad! Keep on erasing it!

'uan Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u'an) [Neutr: def 'e-ua; indef and hort 'e-'uan]: to wipe
one's bottom; to fade ex: G 'i 'i(<'e)'uan! Wipe yourself! Cum hekid 'a 'i 'uan. I wipe myself every time.

'uanaku N sg alien inalien [pl: 'u'anaku]: eraser, napkin, toilet paper 'ua see Vdtr 'uaid= to erase obj for somebody 'uaid (dial: 'oaid) Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'u'aid) [Neutr: def 'ua; indef and hort
'uaid. Interr: 'uaida-him]: to erase obj for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) 'i m'ua. I will erase it for you(sg). M(<'am) g 'i 'uaid! Could you(sg) erase it for me! M(<'am) g ab 'i 'uaidad! Keep on (you sg) erasing it for me!

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'uuvhag/ 'ulin 'uuvhag N alien aggreg [distr: 'u'uuvhag]: cattails (Typha latifolia; the stems once
split, are used to make baskets) ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'uuvhag ma 'ab him. I saw some cattails as I was coming.

'uuvhag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u'uuvhag): to be full of cattails in
one location ex: 'Am 'o s'uuvhag. It is full of cattails down there.

'uuvhagga Stat: to have cattails 'ui see Vtr 'u'u= to get obj 'uimk s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'u'imk]: to be a farter 'uiv semi Stat tr [Neutr: def 'uiv; indef 'uiv=k. Interr: 'uiva-him/ 'uiv=ka-him]: to fart at
ex: K 'amje 'am 'i 'i(<'e)jumalkadk 'am ha'uiv hegam ha'icu doakam. And, from there, having stooped over, he farted at those animals. Heg 'o cum hekid ha'uivk g 'o'odham. He is always farting at people. B(<vab) ha'uivk hakokda. He killed them just by farting at them.

'uiv semi Stat reflex [Neutr: def 'e-'uiv; indef 'e-'uiv=k. Interr: 'e-uiva-him/ 'e-'uiv=kahim]: to fart ex: Napt 'e'uiv? Did you fart? Pi g 'am 'e'uivkad! Don't be farting! 'E'uivahim. He has been farting. ... 'am o si sipu kekivak 'am o si 'e'uiv. ... he (the stink bug) stuck up his rear end and farted.

'ujigid/'ujugid (dial: 'ugid) Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'ujigid) [Neutr: def 'ujig; indef
and hort 'ujigid]: to shake obj ex: Hevel si 'ujigid g kui. The wind is shaking the tree hard. --Nt o si m'ujig. I will shake you hard.

'ujigid/ 'ujugid (dial: 'ugjid) Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u'ujigid) [Neutr: def 'e'ujig; indef and hort 'e-'ujigid]: to shake/ move a part of one's body ex: 'E'ujigid 'ekahio. He is shaking his leg.

'ujig see Vtr 'ujigid: to shake obj 'ulin Vtr [Neutr: def 'ul; hort and indef 'ulin. Interr: 'ulin-him]: to aim obj (such as a gun)
ex: Nt o 'i 'ul g ga:t. I'll aim the gun. B(<'ab) g 'i 'ulin g ga:t! Aim the gun! Cum hekid 'o 'i 'ulin g 'ega:t. He is always aiming (in the position of aiming) his gun. Nt ab o a(<va) 'i 'ulinad. I'll keep on aiming it.

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'ulin/ 'uli 'ulin Vtr [Neutr: def 'ul; hort 'ulin. Correl: 'ulin-k. Compl: 'ulin-ok. Interr: 'ulina-him]: to
hand out obj ex: 'Ab o 'i 'ul! Hand it out (to me)! 'An 'i 'ulinahim. He is passing it around ( to one person after the other).

'ulin in 'i 'ulin g 'e-nov VExpr sgs (for pls see 'i 'u:'ulin g 'e-no:nhai): to
extend raise one's hand ex: B(<'ab) g 'i 'ulin g 'enov! Extend your hand! M(<'am) g 'i 'ulin g 'enov! Raise your hand! S'apkoji 'enov 'ab o 'i 'ul! Extend your(sg) right hand! 'I 'ulinahi g 'enov! Extend your hand (several times in order to shake hands with several people one after the other).

'ulin Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u:'ulin) [Neutr: def 'e-'ul]: to settle somewhere
ex: ... ha'ap o himk 'im hu o 'ul huig veco. ... having gone in that direction, I will settle in the west. Napt 'i ab o 'i 'i(<'e)'ul? Are you(sg) going to just settle here?

'ulin Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'e-'ul]: to become logical, consistent, coherent, mature
ex: 'Am 'e'ul g cegtoidaj. His mind has gotten mature.

'ulinc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see 'u:'ulinc): to have obj aimed
ex: Heg 'o 'ulinc g 'ega:t. He is aiming his gun. Nt ab o a(<va) 'i 'ulincid. I'll keep on aiming it.

'ulinc semi Stat tr sgo (for plo see 'u:'ulinc): to have obj in a handed out position
ex: 'Am 'o 'ulinc g 'esigalga. He is handing out his cigarette.

'ulinhogid Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u:'ulinhogid) [Neutr: def 'e-'ulinhog; indef
and hort 'e-'ulinhogid. Correl: 'e-'ulinhogid-k. Compl: 'e-'ulinhogid-ok; immed 'e'ulinhogid-oka'-i. Interr: 'e-'ulinhogida-him]: to rest, take a rest ex: Napt 'e'ulinhog? Did you(sg) take a rest?-- T o 'o(<'e)'ulinhog. He is going (hearsay) to take a rest. 'E'ulinhogid 'o. He is taking a rest. 'Am o a 'i 'i(<'e)'ulinhogidk 'am o a 'i dahiva. After resting for a while he will sit down for a while.

'ulinhog see Vreflex 'e-'ulinhogid= to rest 'ulinhog s- Stat [sgs (Neutr: indef. s-'ulinhog; def s-'ulinhog=k; concurs s-'ulinhog-c);
pls: s-'u:'ulinhog]: to be rested ex: S'ulinhog 'a. I am rested. S'u:'ulinhog 'o. They are rested. Mant hekid o s'ulinhogk. When I am rested. K hema takaj vo va s'ulinhogc haha vo si je:g. And one day as he is rested, he will smoke and talk to him.

'uli see vdtr 'ul[i]id= to hand out obj to somebody

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'uli/ 'ulugid 'uli Stat [indef 'uli; def 'uli=k. Interr: 'uli=ka-him. Dur: 'uli=ka-d]: to be in the
future ex: B(<vab) kia me:k 'uli. It is still in the far future. Ha'icu 'i 'emtacui 'am o 'i 'ulik ... If you(pl) had any plans for the future (if your desire extended in the future) ... Ha'icu 'i 'emcegtoidag 'am o 'ulikad ... If you had foresight (if your thoughts extended in the future) ...

'uli Stat: to be logical, consistent, coherent, mature

ex: Ha'icu cegtoidaj 'am 'uli. He has a logical mind.

'uli in ha'icu 'ab hema 'ab 'uli Stat Expr impers: to excell at something
ex: ... vaha vo 'i smai matp hascu 'ab 'ab 'uli ... then you will find out in what I excell. Tp hems ha'icu 'ab 'i si m'ab 'uli, pt 'am o nce:g. May be you(sg) excell at something, show me! Ves 'ab 'ab 'uli ha'icu. He excells in every thing. 'I a daivc 'i a tcecegid matp hascu 'ab 'i ha'ab 'uli. As they get here they show us in what they excell.

'uliid Vdtr sgo (for plo see 'u:'uliid) [Neutr def 'uli; hort 'uliid]: to hand out obj
to somebody ex: B(<'ab) g 'i 'uliid! Hand it out to me!- N(<'an) g 'i ha'uliid! Pass it around to them!

'uliig Stat sgs [pls: 'u:'ulig]: to be detained/delayed

ex: Hascu 'am has 'i 'i(<'e)vua s(<kus) 'am hab 'ulig? What could have happened there, that he is delayed? 'Am cum 'uligkahim. He has been delayed. M(<'am) 'a cum 'uligkahim. I have been delayed.

'uli Vtr [Neutr: indef 'uli Dur: 'ulia-d]: to make the gesture of handing out obj several
times in a row ex: ... c 'am bebbec 'ab vui 'uli. ... and he takes it repeatedly and makes the gesture of handing it out to him. -- ... 'ab o vui 'uliad. ... he will be making the gesture of handing it out to him.

'uli in 'uli g 'e-nov VExpr sgs: to extend/ raise one's hand several times in a row
ex: Nt 'am o 'i cum 'uli (g nnov). I will repeatedly make a grab for it (in vain raise my hand). Hega'i 'ali cum hekid 'am 'uli g 'enov. That kid is always the first one to raise his hand (raises his hand all the time).

'uli Vreflex sgs (for pls see 'e-'u:'uli) [Neutr: indef 'e-'uli]: to settle somewhere
again and again ex: Cum hekid 'o 'om(<'am) 'e'uli mo 'om(<'am) u:dag. He/it always settles where there is water.

'ulugid Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'ulugid) [Neutr: def 'ulug; hort and indef 'ulugid. Dur:
'ulugida-d]: to rock obj (a baby)

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'ulugid/ 'uskon
ex: Nt o 'ulug g 'ali. I will rock the baby. Heg 'o 'ulugid. He is rocking him. Je'ej o e'edc o 'ulugidad. His mother will be rocking him while singing.

'ulugid Vreflex sgs: to rock oneself

ex: 'E'ulugid g ce:kol. The squirrel is rocking (himself).

'ulug see Vtr 'ulugid: to rock obj (a baby) 'um N inalien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg 'uma-j); pl: 'u'um]: thigh 'umug N alien aggreg [distr: 'u'umug]: sotol, spoon plant (Dasylirion wheeleri; a plant
used to make baskets and mats) ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'umug ma 'ab him. I saw some sotol in one location as I was coming.

'umugag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u'umugag): to be full of sotol in one
location ex: S'umugag 'o 'ana'i do'agt'an. It is full of sotol on the mountain.

'upulig N sg inalien [pl: 'u'upulig]: wart 'upulig Stat sing [mult: 'u'upulig]: to have a wart
ex: N(<'an) ge 'upulig 'eda:k 'an. He has a wart on his nose (unexpectedly).

'usaga N indiv inalien [pl: 'u'usaga; distr: 'u''usaga]: double ball stick; staff (ensign of
authority)

'usaga Stat: to have a staff (ensign of authority); to have a double-ball stick 'usagacud Vtr [Neutr: def 'usagac]: to make a staff/ a double ball stick for obj 'usagakam N subst sg inalien ['u'usagakam]: judge (one with a staff) 'usagat Vtr sing (for mult see 'u'usagat): to make a staff out of obj 'uskon Vtr sgo (for plo see 'u'uskon) [Neutr: def 'usko; hort and indef 'uskon. Correl:
'uskon-k. Compl: 'uskon-ok. Interr: 'uskona-him.]: to stick/ impale obj (on the end of a pole); to pick obj up with a stick ex: 'Am hab 'usko g mo'oj. He/they impaled his head (on the end of a pole). Tp(<kutp) 'an 'usko g'ab 'u:s. He/they impaled it on the end of a pole. Cum 'o hekid 'uskon g mo'oj g 'o:b. He/they always impale(s) the head of an enemy on the end of a pole.

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'uskonac/ 'uabgam 'uskonac semi Stat tr: to have obj impaled

ex: ... 'am bei hega'i matp 'uskonac g mo'o. ... he took (the pole) which was holding the head impaled (on it).

'uskonac see Vintr 'uskonacug= to carry obj impaled on a pole 'uskonacug Vtr [Neutr: def 'uskonac]: to carry obj impaled on a pole 'uskonaku N alien, inalien, indiv [pl: 'u'uskonaku; distr: 'u''uskonaku]: fork,
pitchfork (same as 'olg:ya)

'usko Stat intr sgs [pls: 'u'usko]: to be stuck/ impaled (on the end of a pole)
ex: 'An 'usko hega'i mo'oj g uv. The head of Buzzard is impaled (on the end of a pole). 'An 'u'usko hegam hamo:m. Their heads are impaled (on the ends of poles).

'uabdag in ha'icu 'uabdag NExpr [distr: ha'icu 'u'uabdag]: gum, pitch, resin
kui-'uabdag NComp aggreg: mesquite gum (used for medicinal purposes) ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g kui-'uabdag. I saw some pieces of mesquite gum. egai-'uabdag NComp aggreg: greasewood gum (used as glue to stop leaks in pots) ex: Nt o ha'i ga:gim g egai-'uabdag hekaj 'am o ku: g ha'a. I'll look for some pieces of greasewood gum in order to close (the leak in) my olla.

'uabdag Stat sgs [pls: 'u'uabdag]: to have gum, resin (a tree or bush)
ex: 'Uabdagkahim 'o hega'i kui. That mesquite used to have gum.

'uabdag s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'u'uabdag]: to have a lot of gum, resin (a tree or bush)
ex: S'uabdag 'o hega'i kui. That mesquite has a lot of gum. S'u'uabdag 'o. They have a lot of gum (each tree has a lot of gum).

'uabdaj N inalien aggreg: gum, pitch, resin of a specific entity (its gum, pitch, resin) 'uabig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of gum, resin, glue in one location 'uab[] N alien aggreg [(3rd pers sg: 'uabi=ga-j/ 'uab=ga-j); distr: 'u'uab[]]: gum,
resin, glue

'uabga Stat: to have (own) gum, resin

ex: Nap ge 'uabga? Do you have some resin? Pi 'i(<'a) ha 'uabga. I don't have any resin.

'uabgam N subst: place where there is gum, resin

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'uvhimel/ 'uv 'uvhimel/ 'uvhimal N alien sg [pl: 'u'uvhimel]: velvet ant (Mutillid wasp; totem of the
Ma:mgam) ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u'uvhimel ma 'ab him. I saw some velvet ants as I was coming. toha-'uvhimel NComp indiv [pl: to:ta-'u'uvhimel]: a variety of velvet ants (white velvet ants) veg-'uvhimel NComp indiv [pl: vepeg-'u'uvhimel]: a variety of velvet ants (red velvet ants) 'uam-'uvhimel NComp indiv [pl: 'u'am-'u'uvhimel]: a variety of velvet ants (yellow velvet ants)

'uvhimelga in Ma:mgam ha'uvhimelga NExpr: the velvet ant of the Ma:mgam 'uvhimelig/ 'uvhimalig s-Stat impers Unit: to be full of velvet ants in a single
location

'uvidag N inalien sg [pl: 'u'uvidag]: daughter (term used only in some areas) 'uviga Stat sing [mult: 'u'uviga]: to have a sister (term used only about a man)
ex: Nap ge 'uviga? Do you(sg) have a sister?

'uvi-gogs NComp indiv [pl: ' u'uvi-gogogs]: bitch 'uvi-gogs oiga NExpr indiv inalien [sg (lst pers sg: 'uvi-gogs n-oiga); pl: 'u'uvigogogs ooiga]: female dog pet

'uvi ma NExpr inalien indiv [sg (lst pers sg 'uvi -ma)]: daughter (woman speaking) 'uvi-ma:kai NComp indiv: medicine woman, female doctor 'uvimk s- Stat sgs [pls: s-'u'uvimk]: to be a womanizer
ex: Heg 'o a 'i s'uvimk. He is quite a womanizer. Hegam 'o a 'i s'u'uvimk. They are womanizers.

'uvimkam s- N subst sg [pl: s-'u'uvimkam]: womanizer 'uvi ve:nag NExpr inalien indiv [sg (lst pers sg: 'uvi -ve:nag)]: sister; cousin(female) 'uv N alien indiv [pl: 'u'uv]: woman, female (term loosely used to refer to a woman
from her first menstruation to her menopause; before puberty she is called cehia, after her menopause she is called 'oks)

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'uv/ 'uv 'alidag

ex: Vo hema habei hegam 'u'uv k o ho(<ha)ve:maj ki:kamt. He will get one of these women and live with her (one of them).

'uv N alien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: -'uvi=ga; 3rd pers sg: 'uvi=ga-j)]: sister; female
cousin (term used only by a man to refer to or address his sister or female cousin); daughter (term used only by certain groups such as the people from 'A:ngam, Kuhadk, and the Pima)

'uv vu Stat Expr [sgs (Neutr: indef vu 'uv; def vu 'uv=k; concurs vu 'uv-c. Interr:
vu 'uv=ka-him); pls vu 'u'uv]: to be a woman, a female ex: Heg 'o pa u 'uv. She is an ugly (bad) girl. Heg 'o pa u 'uvkahim. She used to be an ugly (bad) girl. Matp u o a 'uvk, mt(<kumt) 'i hu a(<va) o bei. If it is a girl, bring her here. Vu 'o 'uvc 'am a(<va) ha'icu vu o vehejikamk. Being a girl, she will be of some use to me.

'uv-cucul NComp indiv alien [sg (lst pers sg: -'uv-cucul=ga); pl: 'u'uv-cucul]: young
hen

'uvcud Vreflex sgs [Neutr: def 'uvc; hort 'uvcud]: to become a woman
ex: Hemu 'ut(<'at) o 'o(<'e)'uvc. Soon she will be a woman.

'uvkaj Adv: like a woman, woman-like

ex: Heg 'o 'uvkaj ha'icu cikpan. She does the work proper to a woman.

'uvkva N sg [pl: 'u'uikva]: homoseual acting the part of a woman, transvestite 'uvkvaag Stat sgs [pls: 'u'uikvaag]: to be a transvestite
ex: Heg 'o ge 'uvkvaag. He is a transvestite. Hegam 'o ge 'u'uikvaag. They are transvestites.

'uv si:s NExpr inalien indiv [sg (lst pers sg: 'uv n-si:s)]: older sister 'uv e:pij NExpr inalien indiv [sg (lst pers sg: 'uv n-e:pij)]: younger sister; female
cousin

'uv 'ali NExpr indiv alien [sg (1st pers sg: 'uv -'ali=ga); pl (1st pers sg: 'u'uv 'a'al=ga)]: daughter (man or woman speaking)

'uv 'alidag NExpr inalien indiv [sg (1st pers sg: 'uv -'alidag)]: daughter (man
speaking)

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'u'a/ 'u'akc 'u'a Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'u''a) [Neutr: indef 'u'a. Interr: 'u'a-him. Dur: 'u'a-d; concurs
'u'a-d-c]: to bring obj, to take obj along ex: Nap 'u'a g 'elialga? Do you(sg) have your money with you? Nap 'u'a g 'ema:gina? Do you(sg) have your car with you? Tp(<kutp) 'ea 'am a(<va) 'u'a g cu'i. Meanwhile he had pinole with him. Vakial 'am himadc g 'esil 'u'a. The cowboy is walking taking along his saddle. Kav a:kc 'u'a hega'i kaij. Badger is carrying those seeds in his fist (holding them in his closed hand, is taking those seeds along). Hab juncug hega'i bayoka c 'in 'a'ai 'u'a. He is carrying that necklace holding it in both hands. Cum hekid 'a 'u'ahim g huaom. I always take my purse along. Hek hu ma 'u'ahim g noiga c hemu 'u(<'a) haha pi 'u'ahim. Formerly I used to take my horse along but now I don't any more. 'An ab o si 'i 'u'ahi g ku'ag 'ana'i! Take along any kind of wood (that is) around! 'Am hab 'u'ahimk na:nko ma:s ha'icu 'i 'a'an matps 'an ve'evec heg'oidc vo:g After taking along all kinds of feathers which were scattered along the road ... Napt o 'u'ad g 'ehuaom? Will you(sg) be taking your purse along? a:cu 'unt(<'ant) o 'u'adc 'am o ce:g g mba:b? What shall I be taking along to show your (maternal) grandfather? -'I 'ant gei g nsil 'u'adc. I fell without letting go of my saddle (taking my saddle along). -'Ab me hega'i Kav a:kc 'u'adc hega'i kaij. Badger is running around carrying those seeds in his fist.

'u'adam N subst alien sg [pl/distr 'u''adam]: war party leader

ex: ha'u'adam= their war party leader (of one group) ha'u''adam= their war party leaders (of several groups) Vo ho(<ha)'oi g 'e'u''adam. Each one of you will go with your respective leader.

'u'adam vu Stat: to be the war party leader of one group

ex: ... hega'i matp u ha'u'adam. ... the one who was their war party leader.

'u'adc semi Stat tr [Neutr: def indef and hort 'u'adc. Interr: 'u'adc=ka-him. Dur: 'u'adcid]: to hold obj ex: 'u'adci! Hold me! N(<'an) g 'u'adcid g kostal! Be holding my purse! Nt o a(<va) m'u'adcid. I'll hold you(sg).

'u'adcid Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort 'u'adcid. Interr: 'u'adcida-him. Dur: 'u'adcida-d]: to
hold obj for somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) m'u'adcid g mkostal. I'll hold your bag for you(sg). 'u'adcid! Hold it for me! Hek hu cum 'o 'u'adcidahim. Formerly, he used to carry it for me. M(<'am) g ab 'u'adcidad! Keep on carrying it for me!

'u'ag see N inalien 'uag= marrow; brain 'u'akc semi Stat reflex [Neutr: def and indef 'e-'u'akc. Interr: 'e-u'akc=ka-him. Dur: 'e'u'akci-d]: to hold onto something (somewhere) ex: M(<'am) g ab 'i 'i(<'e)'u'akcid! Keep on holding on (to it)!

541

'u'am 'u'an 'u'am see Adj s-'uam= yellow 'u'ama Vintr pls (for sgs see 'uama) [Neutr: def 'u'amc. Interr: 'u'ama-him]: to become
yellow

'u'amad Vtr plo (for sgo see 'uamad) [Neutr: def and indef 'u'amad]: to make obj
become yellow (same as 'u'amajid)

'u'amajid Vtr plo (for sgo see 'uamajid) [Neutr: def 'u'amaj; indef and hort
'u'amajid]: to make obj become yellow (same as 'u'amad)

'u'amajida N inalien: popovers 'U'amajida-Ku'adam NComp(?): nickname for the people of the village of Kav
Vavhai (popover eaters)

'u'ame Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'u'amme) sgs (for pls see 'u'iop) [Neutr: def 'u'am/
'u'im; hort 'u'ame]: to go and pick obj (used only with aggregates and plural of individuals; with singular of individuals and mass nouns, see behime) ex: M(<'am) 'ant hu 'u'am g ha'icu hiosig. I went picking flowers over there. Nt o 'u'am g bav. I'll go picking beans. Nt o 'u'am g bahidaj. I'll go picking saguaro fruits (whole fruits). Napt 'am 'u'am g ku'ag? Did you go and get wood (at the pile)? M(<'am) g 'u'ame g ku'ag! Go and get wood (at the pile)! 'i:bhai-'u'ame VComp Unit sgs: to go and gather prickley pear fruits 'opon-'u'ame VComp Unit sgs: to go after wild spinach

'u'amma see Adv s-'uamma= yellow-like 'u'amme Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'ame) sgs: to go and pick obj repeatedly (used
only with aggregates and plural of individuals; with singular of individuals and mass nouns see behimme) ex: P hekid 'am 'i 'u'amme g bahidaj? When do you(sg) go picking saguaro fruits (whole fruits)? Hek hu ma u 'alikc 'u'amme g ha'icu hiosig c hemu haha pi 'u'amme. When I was a child I used to go picking flowers, but now I don't any more.

'u'an Vtr plo (for sgo see 'uan) [Neutr: def 'u'a; indef and hort 'u'an; concurs 'u'an-c]: to
erase obj ex: Ha'u'anc 'ab haha 'ep 'o'ohon. He erases them (the words) and then writes them again. Nt o ha'i 'i ha'u'a g 'o'ohona. I will erase some of my writing (written words).

'u'an Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'uan) [Neutr: def 'e-'u'a; indef and hort 'e-'u'an]: to
wipe oneselves (one's bottoms)

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'u'an/ 'u'apa 'u'an (dial: 'o'an) Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'uan) [Neutr: def 'e-'u'a]: to fade
ex: 'E'u'a 'at g ndaaiku. My chairs have faded.

'u'aid Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'uaid) [Neutr: def 'u'a; hort 'u'aid]: to erase obj for
somebody

'u'apa Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'u''apa) [Neutr: def and hort 'u'apa. Correl: 'u'apa-k;
immed: 'u'apa-ka-'i. Interr: 'u'apa-him]: to bring obj once ex: Napt 'i 'u'apa? Did you(sg) bring it here? Heu'u, 'i 'ant 'u'apa. Yes, I brought it here. 'Am 'i bek 'an 'u'apa gn hu 'an gda:m do'ag. Having caught him, he brought him to the top of the mountain. 'I a 'u'apa g 'e'oksga. He brought his wife here. 'I 'ant o a(<va) 'u'apa. I'll bring it here. M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) 'u'apa. I'll take it there. M(<'am) 'ant o a(<va) ha'u'apa. I'll take them there. 'I g ha'u'apa! Bring them here! 'U'apahim 'ac. We are in the process of bringing it. 'I 'at 'u'apak gn hu hi:. Having brought it here, he left. G hu hab 'i ha'u'apak 'am hato'akc. Having taken them over there he keeps them there.

'u'apa Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'u'apa]: to get to be brought once

ex: T(<kut) o 'o(<'e)'u'apa g ku'ag. My wood will be brought.

'u'apa Vtr Unit (for Repet and Distr see 'u''apa) [Neutr: indef 'u'apa. Dur:
'u'apaa-d]: to bring obj ex: Cum hekid 'i 'u'apa g 'edaiku. He always brings his chair along. 'I g 'u'apaad g 'edaiku! Be bringing your chair (as you usually do)! 'I g ab a(<va) 'i ha'u'apaad! Keep on bringing them here (as you usually do)! Hega'i scuku mo 'i a 'u'apa g mcuipa. That black fellow who delivers your groceries.

'u'apai see Vdtr 'u'apaid: to bring obj to somebody 'u'apaicid Vdtr [Neutr: def and hort 'u'apaicid. Dur: 'u'apaicida-d]: to have obj for
somebody ex: Nt o a(<va) m'u'apaicid. I will have it for you(sg).

'u'apaid Vdtr [Neutr: def 'u'apai; hort 'u'apaid. Correl: 'u'apaid-k; immed: 'u'apaid-ka'i]: to bring obj to somebody ex: Heg 'at 'i a 'u'apai. He brought it to him. 'I 'ant o a(<va) m'u'apai. I'll bring it to you(sg). 'I g 'u'apaid! Bring it to me! M(<'am) g 'i 'u'apaidk(a'i)! Bring it over to me (for a short while)!

'u'apa Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'u''apa): to bring obj several times in a row

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'u'iad/ 'u'ijid 'u'iad (contr of *'u'i'ad) Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'u:'ui[a]d) sing (for mult see 'u'u'iad) plo (for mass o see behi'ad) [Neutr: def and hort 'u'iad. Dur: 'u'iada-d]: to get/ take one
type of obj one after the other ex: Hehe'ekia 'amt 'i 'u'iad g mans:na? How many apples did you pick? 'Am g o 'u'iad g 'emmans:na! Pick (and take with you) your apples! Mt haha vo 'u'iadad g mans:na. Then, pick apples. M(<'am) g o ob(<ab) 'u'iadad g mans:na! Keep on picking apples!

'u'ic see Vtr 'u'icug= to carry obj 'u'icug Vtr plo (for sgo see beicug) [Neutr: def 'u'ic; hort 'u'icug]: to carry obj, to get/
take obj while moving ex: M(<'am) 'ant o 'i ha'u'ic. I'll carry them there. B(<'ab) g 'i 'u'icug! Bring them here! M(<'am) g 'i 'u'icug 'am gvui! Take them to him!

'u'id Vdtr Unit (for Repet see 'u:'uid) plo (for sgo see behid) [Neutr: def 'u'i; hort
'u'id. Correl: 'u'id-k; immed: 'u'id-ka-'i]: to get/ take obj for somebody ex: Gi'ik o 'u'i hega'i 'u'us! Get me four of those sticks! Kumt heg 'am o 'u'i hega'i. You(pl) will get me those. Himk ha'i 'u'id g ku'ag! Go and get me some firewood! Kunt 'am o jivak o 'u'i g 'a:'acij. I'll go and delouse him (get his lice for him).

'u'idag s- Stat tr plo (for sgo and mass o see s-behidag): to be good at picking obj
ex: Pi 'i 'u'idag g nala. I am not good at picking oranges.

'u'idame Vdtr Unit (for Repet see 'u'idamme) sgs plo (for sgo or mass o see behidame) [Neutr: def 'u'idam; hort 'u'idame]: to go and pick obj for somebody
ex: M(<'am) 'at hu ha'u'idam g nala. He/they went to pick oranges for somebody. M(<'am) g hu ha'u'idame g nala! Go (you sg) and pick oranges for somebody! M(<'am) g o hu ha'u'idame g nala! Go (you pl) and pick oranges for somebody!

'u'idamme Vdtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'idame) plo (for mass o see behidamme): to go and get obj for somebody
ex: M(<'am) 'ac hu ha'u'idamme g nala. We repeatedly go and pick oranges for somebody.

'u'iddam in ha'icu ha-'u'iddam subst NExpr aggreg [distr: ha'icu ha-'u''iddam]:

one(s) whose job is to pick something for somebody mans:na ha-'u'iddam subst NExpr aggreg [distr: mans:na ha-'u''iddam]: apple picker(s) nala ha-'u'iddam subst NExpr aggreg: orange picker(s)

'u'ijid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-behijid): to get captured

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'u'im/ 'u'u 'u'im see Vtr 'u'ame= to go and pick obj 'u'im s- Vsubst tr plo (for sgo or masso see s-behim): to feel like getting obj
ex: Pi g o a 'i hama:k cum 'as he'ekia snamkig ha'icu o 'emma:k o sha'u'im hegam 'emooiga! Don't (you pl) give them(your pets) to them, no matter the amount of precious things they give you in order to get your pets!

'u'ima s- N subst tr plo (for sgo or masso see s-behima): to appear to have taken obj
along ex: Nt 'am hab s'u'ima. I thought I had taken them along.

'u'iop Vtr pls (for sgs see 'u'ame) [Neutr: def 'u'io]: to go and pick obj (used only
with aggregates and plural of individuals, with singular of individual and with mass nouns see behiop) ex: Tt(<kutt) o 'u'io g bahidaj. We'll go picking saguaro fruits (whole fruits). M(<'am) g o 'u'iop g ku'ag! Go (you pl) and get wood (at the pile)!

'u'u Vtr Unit (for Repet see 'u''u; for Distr see 'u:'u) plo (for sgo or masso see behe)
[Neutr: def 'ui; hort 'u:[-'i]; imper sgs 'u'i-, pls 'u'i-vo; indef 'u'u. Correl: 'u'u-k; immed: 'u'u-ka-'i. Compl: 'u'i-ok; immed 'u'i-oka-'i. Interr: 'u'i-him. Dur: 'u'u-d]: to get, take obj ex: Ha'i 'ant ha'ui g 'o'ohon. I got some letters. M(<'am) 'ant o ga: g cikpan k o ha'i 'ui g lial heghekaj 'am o 'i kegcul g tki:dag. I'll look for a job and get some money in order to improve our standard of living. 'Ea hek hu s'ap 'ui g ginsku. Meanwhile, he already was holding the ginsku sticks ready.-- M(<'am) 'ant o 'i 'ui g 'o'ohon Sisters haki: vui. I'll take the books to the Sisters' house. B(<'ab) g 'i 'u:'i g nu:k! Pass (me) my shoes! B(<'ab) g 'i 'u'iok g nu:k haha vo dahiva! Get (me) my shoes before you sit down! M(<'am) g hu ha'u'uka'i! Take them along with you (there)! B(<'ab) g 'i ha'u'uka'ik 'i o ma:! Bring them (to me) and give them to me! Tt(<kutt) o ho(<ha) 'u'uk o hihi. We'll get them and go. 'Am 'i ha'u'uk 'i ha'ui. He caught them and took them along. G 'i 'u'ihim g ha'icu hiosig! Pick flowers on the way (as you go along)! Ku 'an ab ha'u'ihim g ha:pod. He was just catching the arrows (which were coming from all directions, one after another). Ku hab 'evuadc 'an ab ha'u'u hega'i ha:pod. What he was doing was merely to catch those arrows (hearsay). P hekid 'i 'u'u g bahidaj? When do you(sg) pick saguaro fruits (whole fruits)? P hekid 'i 'u'u g 'eku'ag? When do you get your firewood (at the pile)? M(<'am) g ab 'i 'u'ud g ku'ag! Keep on getting firewood (at the pile)! Hei(<hea'i) 'ab o ha'u'ud g 'a'al? Who will be bringing the children back? 'An ab ha'u'udc haa:kc. He just caught them (with one hand) and held them in his fist. ha-'u'u g vaptob VExpr: to fish (to get/ catch fishes) ex: D(<g) 'ant hu 'i gei u:dagc'e 'am cum ha'u'udc g vaptob. I fell in the water as I was trying to fish.-- Pi g ha'u'ud g vaptob. Don't be fishing.

'u'u Vtr plo (for sgo see behe) [Neutr: def 'ui]: to capture obj
ex: T'ui 'amt. We were captured (someone captured us).

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'u'u/ 'u'ujigid 'u'u Vreflex [Neutr: def 'e-'ui; hort 'e-'u:[-'i]: to get married to each other
ex: T o 'o(<'e)'ui. They are going to get married to each other (hearsay). 'E-g-o'o(<'e)'u'i! Get Married to each other!

'u'u Vreflex pls [Neutr: def 'e-'ui; indef 'e-'u'u]: to get to be taken, chosen, obtained
ex: C ababa 'al he'ekia vo 'e'ui. But few will be chosen. ... Mo 'am 'e'u'u ciandac'e. ... (cigarettes are) that which is obtained at the store.

'u'u N alien aggreg [distr: 'u''u]; arrow point(s), bullet(s), cartridge(s) 'u'u N: name of a basket design 'u'ucud Vtr [Neutr: def 'u'uc; hort 'u'ucud]: to make (an) arrow point(s) for obj 'u'udam in ha'icu ha-'u'udam NExpr aggreg [distr: ha'icu ha-'u''udam]: one(s)
whose job is to catch something vaptob ha-'u'udam NExpr [distr: vaptob ha-'u''udam]: fisherman, a group of fishermen 'u'uuvhag Stat impers Distr: there are cattails in several places ex: 'Am 'o 'u'uuvhag. Down there, cattails grow in scattered bunches (there are cattails in various places).

'u'uuvhag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of cattails in several locations 'u'uvisag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of grape vines in several locations 'u'ug see Adj 'u:g= high 'u'uga Stat Unit (for Distr see 'u''uga): to have (an) arrow point(s), (a) bullet(s)
ex: Nap ha'i 'u'uga? Do you(sg) have some arrow points?

'u'ugcu see N alien 'u:gcu= leader, headman 'u'ugcuga see Stat Expr vu 'u:gcuga= to be somebody's leader, headman 'u'uikva see N 'uvkva= transvestite 'u'ujigid/'u'ujugid (dial: 'u'ugjid) Vtr plo (for sgo see 'ujigid) [Neutr: def 'u'ujig;
indef and hort 'u'ujigid]: to shake obj ex: Hevel si ha'u'ujigid g kukui. The wind is shaking the trees hard.

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'u'ujigi/ 'u'upaag 'u'ujigid/'u'ujugid (dial: 'u'ugjid) Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'ujigid) [Neutr: def 'e'u'ujig; indef and hort 'e-'u'ujigid]: to shake/ move a part of one's body ex: Pi g o 'om(<'am) hu 'e'u'ujigid g 'ekakkio! Don't shake your(pl) legs!

'u'ujig see Vtr 'ujigid= to shake/ move obj 'u'ujuk Vintr sgs (for pls see 'u:'ujuk) [Neutr: def 'u'uju; indef 'u'ujuk. Interr:
'u'ujuk[a]-him. Dur: 'u'ujuka-d]: to shake ex: Jevu 'at 'u'uju. The earth shook. Jevu 'at o 'u'uju. The earth will shake. Jevu 'o hasko 'om(<'am) 'u'ujuk. The ground is shaking somewhere. Jevu 'at 'am o si 'u'ujukad. The ground will be shaking hard. Hek hu 'o 'u'ujuk[a]him g jevu. Long ago the ground shook.

'u'uka'i see Vtr 'u'u= to get, take obj 'u'ukc semi Stat tr Unit (for Distr see 'u:'ukc) [Neutr: def and indef 'u'ukc; imper sgs
'u'ukci-. Interr: 'u'ukc=ka-him. Dur: 'u'ukci-d]: to hold/ be the carrier of obj ex: 'U'ukc 'a g nel. I have a (my) permit. Nap 'u'ukc g 'eel? Do you(sg) have a (your) permit? 'U'ukckahim 'a g nel, ntk ababa hebhu vua. I used to have a permit but I lost it. N(<'an) g 'u'ukcid g kostal! Be holding my bag! Nt o a(<va) m'u'ukcid. I'll be holding you(sg). Pi kegaj 'i:da'a mumuval, 'u'ukc g mumkidag c cum hascu 'iajid. Flies are no good; they carry diseases and are on everything.

'u'ukc semi Stat reflex [def and indef 'e-'u'ukc. Interr: 'e-'u'ukc=ka-him. Dur: 'e-'u'ukcid]: to hold on somewhere ex: N(<'an) g ab 'i 'i(<'e)'u'ukcid! Keep on holding on (to it)!

'u'uk see N inalien 'u:k= calf of the leg 'u'ulugid Vtr plo (for sgo see 'ulugid) [Neutr: def 'u'ulug; hort and indef 'u'ulugid]: to
rock obj

'u'um see N inalien 'um= thigh 'u'umhaag N: feathers on arrow

'u'umugag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of sotol in several places

'u'upa see N 'u:pa= catclaw 'u'upaag s- Stat impers Distr: to be full of catclaws in several locations

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'u'upam/ 'u'usko 'u'upam see Adv 'u:pam= back (to where one comes from) 'u'upio see N 'u:pio= skunk 'u'upiog s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of skunks in one location
ex: 'Am 'ok s'u'upiog. It is full of skunks down there (evidential).

'u'upul s- Stat: to have lots of warts

ex: S'u'upul 'o. He has lots of warts.

'u'upulig see N inalien 'upulig= wart 'u'us see N alien 'u:s= stick, pole, post; twigs, bushes; tree 'u'us N: forest, woods
ex: 'An 'i dadec 'am 'i huhuuk 'u'usc'e c 'an 'u:pam 'i 'ep dadec g hu jijivha 'eki: 'am. (The bird) flies and goes down into the woods and flies again back to where it started from and arrives back at its home.

'u'usagat Vtr mult (for sing see 'usagat): to make staffs/ double-ball sticks out of obj 'u'us-babaviga s- Stat Comp Distr (for Unit see s-'u'us-baviga): to have a lot of
black-eyed beans

'u'us-baviga Stat Comp: to have black-eyed beans

ex: Nap ha'i 'u'us-baviga? Do you have some black-eyed beans? Nap ge 'u'us-baviga? Do you have any black-eyed beans?

'u'us-baviga s- Stat Comp Unit (for Distr see s-'u'us-babviga): to have a lot of
black-eyed beans ex: Heg 'o s'u'us-baviga. He has lots of black-eyed beans.

'u'us-bav NComp aggreg alien [(lst pers sg: -'u'us-bavi=ga); distr: 'u'us-bav]: blackeyed beans

'u'usga see Stat 'u:sga= to have a tree, pole, post, stick 'u'usig see Stat impers s-'u:sig= to be full of bushes in one location 'u'uskon Vtr plo (for sgo see 'uskon) [Neutr: def 'u'usko; hort and indef 'u'uskon]: to
stick, impale, obj (on the end of a pole) 'u'uskonaku see N 'uskonaku= pitchfork 'u'usko see Stat intr 'usko= to be impaled/ stuck (on the end of a pole)

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'u'us-/ 'u'uvhimel 'u'us-oonjun see NComp 'u:s-onjul= peg, stake 'u'ut Vtr [Neutr: def and hort 'u'ut]: to make (an) arrow point(s) out of obj
ex: Nt o ha'i 'u'ut. I'll make some arrow points.

'u'uv-hahalig s- Stat Comp impers Distr (for Unit see s-'u:v-halig): to be full of
melons, cantaloupes in several locations

'u'uvhig N alien aggreg [distr: 'u''uvhig]: bird(s)

ex: Hema 'a eid g 'u'uvhig ma 'ab him. I saw one bird as I was coming. Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u'uvhig ma 'ab him. I saw some birds as I was coming. Mu'ikpa 'a haeid g 'u''uvhig ma 'ab him. In many places I saw birds as I was coming. hohog-'u'uvhig NComp aggreg: Yaqui quail(s)

'u'uvhig vu Stat Expr: to be (a) bird(s)

ex: No (<vu) 'u'uvhig? Is it a bird/are they birds? K has mas 'o (<vu) 'u'uvhig? What kind of a bird is it? Hi va hascu 'atp u 'i 'u'uvhig pi 'i ma:c. Exactly what variety of birds they were, I don't know.

'u'uvhig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u''uvhig): to be full of birds in one
location ex: 'Am 'o s'u'uvhig. It is full of birds down there.

'u'uvhigcud Vreflex [Neutr: def 'u'uvhigc; hort 'u'uvhigcud. Interr: 'u'uvhigcuda-him]:

to turn into a bird ex: 'Ab 'i 'i(<'e)'u'uvhigcudahi. He turned into a bird (a little bit at a time).

'u'uvhig-nonha NComp aggreg: bird's egg(s) 'u'uvhig e'i NExpr (?): bird song used for curing 'u'uvhig oiga NExpr inalien [(lst pers sg: 'u'uvhig n-oiga); pl: 'u'uvhig ooiga]: pet
bird

'u'uvhig oiga Stat Expr sing [mult: 'u'uvhig ooiga]: to have a pet bird
ex: Nap ge 'u'uvhig oiga? Do you(sg) have a bird (as a pet)?

'u'uvhig-vi:g NComp(?) mass: bird down 'u'uvhimel see N alien 'uvhimel= velvet ant

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'u'uvig/ 'u''apa 'u'uvig s- Stat impers Unit: to be full of women in a single location
ex: 'Am 'o s'u'uvig. It is full of women down there.

'u'uviga see Stat 'uviga= to have a sister 'u'uviga s- Stat: to have many sisters (said only of a man)
ex: Heg 'o s'u'uviga. He has many sisters.

'u'uvimak s- Stat: to be an accomplished woman

ex: Heg 'o s'u'uvimak. She is an accomplished woman. Hegam 'o s'u'uvimak. They are accomplished women.

'u'uvimk see Stat s-'uvimk= to be a womanizer 'u'uv see N alien 'uv= female, woman; sister, female cousin; daughter 'u'u see N inalien 'u:= stinger 'u'ucud Vtr mult (for sing see 'u:cud) [Neutr: def 'u'uc; indef 'u'ucud]: to make
arrow heads for obj

'u'udag see N 'u:dag= arrow head of 'u'uabdag see Stat s-'uabdag= to have a lot of gum, resin 'u'uab see N aggreg 'uab= gum, resin, pitch, glue 'u'u'iad (met of *'u'ui'ad) Vtr Unit (for Distr see 'u:'ui[a]d) mult (for sing see 'u'iad) plo (for masso see behi'ad): to get/ take several types of obj one after the other 'u''a Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'u'a): to bring obj, to take obj along
ex: Nam ha'u''a g 'emamagina? Does each one of you have his car with him?

'u''adam see N subst 'u'adam= war party leader 'u''apaVtr Distr (for Unit see 'u'apa) [Neutr: def and hort 'u''apa]: to bring obj
ex: 'I 'at ha'u''apa g 'edaddaiku. Each one of them brought his chair.

'u''apa Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'apa): to bring obj repeatedly
ex: Mo hekid 'i a jijjivhac 'i a 'u''apa g hejel 'edaiku. Every time he comes here, he brings his own chair.

'u''apa Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'u'apa) [Neutr: def and hort 'u''apa. Dur: 'u''apaad]: to bring obj ex: 'I g o ho(<ha)'u''apaad g 'edaddaiku! Each one of you, be bringing your chairs!

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'u''apa/ 'u:vis 'u''apa Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'apa) [Neutr: indef 'u''apa]: to bring obj several
times in a row repeatedly ex: Mo hekid 'i a jijjivhac 'i a ha'icu 'u''apa. Every time he comes, he brings something. Mo hekid 'i a hema 'i jijjivhac 'i a ' u''apa hega'i matp hascu o 'i hama:. Every time somebody comes here, he brings a present (for someone).

'u''u see N alien 'u'u= arrow(s); bullet(s), cartridge(s) 'u''u Vtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'u) plo (for sgo or masso see bebbhe) [Neutr: indef
'u''u. Correl: 'u''u-k. Interr 'u''u-him. Dur: 'u''u-d]: to get/ take obj repeatedly ex: Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'i ha'u''u g 'a'al. He brings back the children (repeatedly). Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'i t'u''u. He brings us back. Mo hekid 'i a jijjivha g Kenneth 'an 'u''u g ya:v ma to'avc gm hu hihim. Every time Kenneth comes he gets the key where I put it (on top of something) as I go out. Hei(<hea'i) 'ab o 'i ha'u''ud g 'a'al? Who will be bringing the children back? 'Ab o 'i ha'u''u g 'edaddaiku! Each one of you will bring his chair repeatedly! 'Am ha'u''udc 'am cum hadad. Grabbing them repeatedly, he tried in vain to put them there. Ho'idaj 'ab 'u''udc 'ab hahu:p. One after the other, they grab its stickers and pull them out. K 'in haha 'i cum ha'u''uhi g 'eooiga. And then, each one of them tries repeatedly to catch his horse. 'Am haha ha'u''uk 'am 'i havuhas g 'eko'odc. Then, he picked his kills one by one and took them out.

'u''uga Stat Distr (for Unit see 'u'uga): to have arrow points, bullets
ex: Nam ge 'u''uga? Does each one of you(pl) have arrow points?

'u''usig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'u:sig): to be full of trees in several
locations

'u''uskonaku see N 'uskonaku= fork; pitchfork 'u''uvhig see N 'u'uvhig= bird(s) 'u''uvhig s- Stat impers Distr (for Unit see s-'u'uvhig): to be full of birds in various
locations ex: S'u''uvhig 'o 'an vopoa 'oidk. It is full of birds along the valleys.

'u:'u:vis N alien/ inalien aggreg [distr: 'u'uvis]: grape vine; grapes

ex: Nt o ho(<ha) navai g 'u:visga. I'll make wine out of my grapes. Nap sna:k g 'u:vis? Do you like grapes? Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u:vis ma 'ab him. I saw some grape vines (or grapes) in one location, as I was coming.

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'u:visag/ 'u:gk'u:visag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u'uvisag): to be full of grape vines,
grapes, in one location

'u:vis navait NExpr alien/inalien [1st pers sg -'u:vis/ 'u:vis=ga navait]: wine 'u:vis 'oidag NExpr inalien: [ reflex: 'u:vis 'e-'oidag]: vineyard
ex: 'am 'u:vis 'e'oidag veheji= from one's own vineyard.

'u:g Adj sg [pl: 'u'ug]: high

ex: Hega'i 'u:g do'ag hab u Giho-Do'ag. That high mountain is called Giho Do'ag.

'u:g Stat sgs [pls: 'u'ug]: to be high

ex: Hega'i do'ag 'o 'u:g. That mountain is high. Hegam do:da'ag 'o 'u'ug. Those mountains are high.

'u:gcu N alien [sg (lst pers pl: t-'u:gcu=ga); pl: 'u'ugcu; distr: 'u''ugcu]: leader, headman
ex: Vo ho(<ha)'oi g 'e'u:'ucuga. Each one of you will follow his respective leader.

'u:gcu in si 'u:gcu Adj Adj Expr sg: greatest, highest

ex: D(<vu) 'o si 'u:gcu Jio-pionag. He is the greatest prophet (God's servant)

'u:gcuga vu Stat Expr sgs [pls: vu 'u'ugcuga]: to be somebody's leader, headman ex:
D(<vu) 'o t'u:gcuga. He is our leader. Heg 'am u ha'u:gcuga 'ama'i. He is their leader, down there. M(<'am) heg seidam hega'i matp u 'em'u:gcuga. l would like to see the one who is (might be) your(pl) leader.

'u:gk Adv [distr: 'u:'ugk]: high up

ex: Hega'i 'u:s gn hu ke:k 'u:gk. That tree stands high up over there (on a mountain). Kumt 'am 'u:gk o 'i eia. Look (you pl) upward. Gn hu 'u:gk him hega'i ba'ag. That eagle is flying high up. Gn hu 'u:'ugk hihim hegam ba:ba'ag. Each one of those eagles is flying high up.

'u:gka Vintr sgs (for pls see 'u:'ugka) [Neutr: def 'u:gka. Interr: 'u:gka-him]: to get
higher up ex: T(<kut) 'i 'u:gka. He is higher up. T(<kut) 'i 'u:'ugka. They are higher up. Ba'ag 'o 'u:gkahim. The eagle is getting higher up.

'u:gk-dadedam NComp alien indiv sg [pl: 'u'ugk-e'edam]: airplane (same as 'u:gkda'adam or 'u:gk-himdam)

'u:gk-himdam NComp alien indiv [sg (lst pers sg -'u:g-himdam=ga); pl: 'u'ugkhihhimdam]: airplane (same as 'u:gk-dadedam or 'u:gk-da'adam)

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'u:gkji/ 'u:pam 'u:gkji Adv [distr: 'u:'ugkji]: from high up

ex: Ga hu 'u:gkji 'i gei. He/it fell from high up. Ga hu 'u:'ugkji 'i ul. Each of them dropped from high up.

'u:k N inalien sg [sg (3rd pers sg: 'u:ka-j); pl: 'u'uk]: calf of the leg 'u:ka N: the brush house of the Vi:gida ceremony 'u:ka N inalien sg [pl: 'u:'uka]: brush or temporary house or shack (such as the
cooking place next to the house); windbreak

'u:kag Stat impers sing [mult: 'u:'ukag]: there is a temporary house (somewhere)
ex: 'Am ge 'u:kag. There is a temporary house down there (unexpectedly). Ha'as 'u:kag. There is a big temporary house. Haha'as 'i 'u:'ukag. There are big temporary houses.

'u:kas Stat impers tr: to be built out of obj (a shack)

ex: Ma'main 'ab 'u:kas. It (the shack) is built out of mats.

'u:kat Vtr sing (for mult see 'u:'ukat): to build a temporary house out of obj ex:
'U:kata! Build a temporary house! Ga hu hab ha'ap ab 'am 'u:katk g'ea 'ab daha hegam 'u'uv. After building a temporary house across (from his house), they stay in it, those women.

'u:li N: rubber
ex: 'I 'eva'u g 'u:li. Rubber stretches Sjuhag 'o g 'u:li. Rubber is fleible.

'u:pa N alien indiv [pl: 'u'upa]: catclaw (Acacia greggi:)

ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u'upa ma 'ab him. I saw some catclaw as I was coming.

'u:paag s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u'upaag): to be full of catclaws in one
location

'u:pam (dial: 'uhum) Adv [distr: 'u'upam]: back to where one comes from
ex: 'E-'et(<'at)-'ai mant 'am o hi: 'u:pam. It is time for me to go back. 'Am 'u'upam hihi. They each went back (to their respective homes). Nt o 'i no 'u:pam. I'll turn back. 'Im hu 'u:pam 'ep ju:jp jevu veco. They sank back again below the ground (where they had come from). Kutt heg'ab pi vo tnako mats 'u:pam u o do:dakamk. Because of that we will not be able to go back to being alive (living beings). Napt o 'u:pam bei? Do you want it back? M(<'am) g 'u:pam toa'i mi:sa da:m. Put them back on the table. Nt a(<va) 'im 'u:pam ha'ahog 'i vua. I relived the recent past.

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'u:pio/ 'u:v 'u:pio N alien sg [pl: 'u'upio]: skunk

ex: 'u:pio noiga= my pet skunk Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u'upio ma 'ab him. I saw some skunks as I was coming.

'u:s N alien indiv [sg (3rd pers sg: 'u:s=ga-j; loc: 'u:s-t-'ab; instr: 'u:s-kaj); pl: 'u'us]:
stick, post, pole; bush, twig, tree ex: 'ab 'u:st'ab= against the tree-- 'u:sgaj g Huan= John's tree.-- 'U:st'an 'o da. He is sitting on a tree. 'E'u:sga 'an 'o da. He is sitting on his (own) tree. --B(<'ab) g ha'i ha'o:min g 'u'us. Break off some sticks (twigs). gevita 'at g 'u:skaj. He beat me with a stick.

'u:s N: yard
ex: cu:dp 'u:s= six yards

'u:sba N: a bush (deceased bush); the berries of that bush 'u:sga Stat [sing: 'u:sga; mult: 'u'usga]: to have a tree/pole/post
ex: Skeg 'ap 'u:sga. You have a beautiful tree. a:p ma:s 'u'usga? What kind of trees (posts) do you have?

'u:s-gat NComp alien [1st pers sg -'u:s-gat=ga]: bow 'u:sig/ 'u'usig s- Stat impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u''usig): to be full of bushes in one
location ex: G hu 'am ge s'u'usig, 'am hema vo'o g vama. Over there where there are lots of bushes (unexpectedly), a snake is lying.

'u:s-jevupa NComp: name of a bush 'u:s on NExpr [sg (loc: 'u:s on 'ab) pl: 'u'us hao:on]: base of a tree 'u:s-onjun NComp indiv inalien [sg (loc: 'u:s-onjun-t-'ab); pl: 'u'us-oonjun]: peg,
stake

'u:v hab/has Stat Expr [Neutr: indef hab/has 'u:v; def hab/has 'u:vk. Interr: hab/has
'u:v=ka-him. Dur: hab/has 'u:v=ka-d]: with hab: to have a certain (specified) smell ; with has: to have a certain (unspecified) smell ex: Heg 'o hab 'u:v mapt 'ida 'ep ha'u'apa g hemajkam. It smells of the people whom you have just brought back. Heg 'o hab 'u:v hega'i. That is what it smells of. Kus hascu hab o 'u:vkad? What kind of a smell will it be? K hab 'u:v mac hemu 'in hevgid g je:jena. And it smelled like when now we inhale tobacco smoke. Pi 'o has 'u:v. It does not have any smell.

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'u:v/ 'u:
s-doakam 'u:v Stat Expr: to smell of something alive ex: a 'a(<'o) va 'i sdoakam 'u:v. It smells of something alive. s-[h]a'i 'u:v Stat Expr: to have a strong smell s-viv 'u:v Stat Expr: to smell of tobacco ex: Sviv 'o 'u:v. It smells of tobacco. s-'o'odham 'u:v Stat Expr: to smell of human being ex: S'o'odham 'o 'u:v. It smells of human beings. M (<'am) 'a hevgid a 'a(<'o) va 'i s'o'odham 'u:v 'i:ya'a. I smell a strong human smell here. s-'uam 'u:v Stat Expr: to stink (to smell yellow) ex: S'uam 'o 'u:v g 'u:pio. A skunk stinks. 'ap 'u:v s-Stat Expr: to smell good ex: S'ap 'o 'u:v. It smells good. 'i'ovim 'u:v s-Stat Expr: to smell sweet tasting

'u:vadag in ha'icu 'u:vadag NExpr: smell of something

hihido-'u:vadag NComp: smell of cooked food

'u:vadaj N inalien: smell of a specific entity (its smell) 'u:valig in ha'icu 'u:valig NExpr: characteristic smell of something
kavyu-'u:valig NComp: horse smell kui-'u:valig NComp: mesquite smell egai-'u:valig NComp: creosote bush smell

'U:valig Maad NExpr: the month of January (the month during which deer have a
particular smell)

'u:v-hal NComp aggreg alien [(lst pers sg: 'u:v-hal=ga); distr: 'u'uv-hahal]: melon,
cantaloupe ex: Ha'i 'a haeid g 'u:v-hal 'am m'oidag 'e. I saw some melons in your field.

'u:v-halig s- Stat Comp impers Unit (for Distr see s-'u'uv-hahalig): to be full of
melons, cantaloupes in one location ex: 'Am 'o s'u:v-halig 'am m'oidag 'e. It is full of melons in your field.

'u: N inalien [sg (3rd pers sg: 'u:a-j); pl: 'u'u]: stinger (of a scorpion or bee) 'u: N alien [sg (3rd pers sg 'u:=ga-j); pl: 'u'u]: arrow head 'u: Stat sgs [pls: 'u'u]: to have a stinger
ex: Nagel 'o ge 'u:. A scorpion has a stinger. Nanagel 'o ge 'u'u. Scorpions have stingers.

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'u:/ 'u:'uid 'u: Stat sing [mult: 'u'u]: to have an arrow head
ex: Nap ge 'u'u? Do you(sg) have arrow heads?

'u:cud Vtr sing (for mult see 'u'ucud) [Neutr: def 'u:c]: to make an arrow head for
obj

'u:dag in vuihom-'u:dag NComp indiv [pl: vuihom-'u'udag]: name of certain

rocks (they have the shape of arrow heads and are said to occur in places where lightning has struck)

'u:'i see Vtr 'u'u= to get obj 'u:'u Vtr Distr (for Unit see 'u'u; for Repet see 'u''u) plo (for mass o see be:bhe)
[Neutr: def and indef 'u:'u. Dur: 'u:'u-d; concurs 'u:'u-d-c]: to get/ take obj ex: Hehe'ekia 'amt 'i 'u:'u g mansa:na? How many apples did each one of you pick? 'Amt 'am o 'u:'u g busses k 'am o tna:nam 'ama'i. Each one of you will catch your respective busses and will meet us over there. B(<'ab) haha vo 'i ha'i 'u:'u g 'edoddakam 'a'asugalga. Each one of you will bring some of his sugar lumps. M(<'am) g o ob(<ab) 'i 'u:'ud g mans:na. Each one of you keep on picking apples. 'Am ha'u:'udc 'am hadad. He picked them up one after the other and put them there. K hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i ha'u:'u g m'a'alga? Who brings your children home one after the other? K hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i 'em'u:'u? Who brings you(pl) home one after the other? B(<'ab) o 'i ha'u:'ud g 'a'al. Bring the children home one after the other!

'u:'ugk see Adv 'u:gk= high up 'u:'ugka Vintr pls (for sgs see 'u:gka): to get higher up 'u:'ugkji see Adv 'u:gkji= from high up 'u:'ui[a]d (contr of *'u:'ui'ad) Vtr Distr (for Unit sing see 'u'iad, mult see 'u'u'iad) plo (for mass o see behi'ad and be:bheiad) [Neutr: def and hort 'u:'ui[a]d]: to get/
take obj one after the other ex: Mt o gi'igik 'u:'uid g 'u'us. Each one of you will get me four sticks. M(<'am) g o hu gi'igik 'u:'uid g 'u'us. Each one of you, pick me four sticks over there.

'u:'uid Vdtr Repet (for Unit see 'u'id) plo (for sgo see bebbheid) [Neutr: indef
'u:'uid. Interr: 'u:'uidahim. Dur: 'u:'uida-d]: to get/ take obj for somebody repeatedly ex: K hei(<hea'i) 'ab 'i m'u:'uid g m'a'alga? Who brings your children home for you? Heg 'o 'ob(<'ab) 'i 'u:'uid. He brings them home for me. Mo hekid 'i a jijjivha g Kenneth 'ab 'i 'u:'uid g 'o'ohon. Every time Kenneth comes he brings me my mail. Hei (<hea'i) 'ib(<'ab) o 'i m'u:'uidad? Who will be bringing them for you?

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'u:'uidame/ 'u:'ulinhog 'u:'uidame Vdtr Distr (for Unit see 'u'uidame) plo (for mass o see be:bheido)
[Neutr: def 'u:'uidam; hort 'u:'uidame]: to go and pick obj for somebody ex: M(<'am) 'at hu ha'u:'uidam g nala. Each of them went to pick oranges for somebody (in different locations) M(<'am) g o hu ha'u:'uidame g nala! Each one of you go and pick oranges for somebody (in different places)!

'u:'ujuk Vintr pls (for sgs see 'u'ujuk) [Neutr: indef 'u:'ujuk]: to shake
ex: 'U'us 'o 'u:'ujuk. The trees are shaking.

'u:'ukc semi Stat tr Distr (for Unit see 'u'ukc) [Neutr: def and indef 'u:'ukc. Interr:
'u:'ukc=ka-him. Dur: 'u:'ukci-d]: to hold/ be the carrier of obj ex: Nam 'u:'ukc g 'eel? Does each one of you hold a permit? Tp(<kutp) 'ea 'in a(<va) 'ep 'u:'ukc g hejel 'e'o'ovopcka c 'ab je:. But once more, each one of them was holding his own cigarette and smoked it.

'u:'uka see N inalien 'u:ka= temporary house made of brush or mats 'u:'ukag see Stat 'u:kag= there is a temporary house somewhere 'u:'ukat Vtr mult (for sing see 'u:kat): to build temporary houses out of obj 'u:'ulin in 'i 'u:'ulin g 'e-no:nhai VExpr pls (for sgs see 'i 'ulin g 'e-nov): to
raise/ extend one's hand ex: S'a'apkoji 'eno:nhai 'ab o 'i 'u:'ul! Extend your(pl) right hands! 'U:gk 'u:'ulin g 'eno:nhai! Hands up!

'u:'ulin Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'ulin) [Neutr: def 'e-'u:'ul]: to settle somewhere
ex: 'I 'att o t'u:'ul Covered-Wellst'ab. We are going to settle here in Covered Wells. e:k, e:k ga hu hada:m 'i 'i(<'e)'u:'ul. Having flown, flown, they hovered (settled) above them.

'u:'ulinc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see 'ulinc): to have obj aimed
ex: Hegam 'o 'u:'ulinc g 'egagt. They are aiming their guns.

'u:'ulinc semi Stat tr plo (for sgo see 'ulinc): to have obj in a handed out position
ex: 'Am 'o ha'i 'u:'ulinc g 'esigalga. He is handing out some of his cigarettes.

'u:'ulinhogid Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'ulinhogid) [Neutr: def 'e-'u:'ulinhog; indef
and hort 'e-'u:'ulinhogid]: to rest, take a rest ex: 'E'u:'ulinhogid 'o. They are taking a rest. 'Am o a 'i 'i(<'e)'u:'ulinhogidk 'am o a 'i dahaiva. They will sit down a while after they rest a while.

'u:'ulinhog see Stat s-'ulinhog= to be rested

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'u:'uliid/ 'u:'uliid 'u:'uliid Vdtr plo (for sgo see 'uliid) [Neutr: def 'u:'uli; hort 'u:'uliid]: to hand out
obj to somebody ex: B(<'ab) g 'i 'u:'uliid! Hand them out to me!

'u:'ulig see Stat 'ulig= to be delayed, detained 'u:'uli Vreflex pls (for sgs see 'e-'uli) [Neutr: indef 'e-'u:'uli]: to settle somewhere
again and again ex: Cum hekid 'o 'om (<'am) 'e'u:'uli mo 'om (<'am) u:dag. They always settle where there is water.

END OF VOLUME II

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