Chemistry 20 I.B.

Stoichiometry: Recovery Lab

LAB COATS AND SAFETY GOGGLES MUST BE WORN AT ALL TIMES. Make sure your work area is free from books or other materials.
SAFETY: Lead (II) nitrate is a strong oxidizing agent. Avoid contact with skin. If contact occurs, flush with water. If eye contact occurs, use the eye wash station, which is located behind the front door, and inform Mr. G immediately. Promptly clean up any spills. BACKGROUND: You will be performing a lab to determine the limiting reagent, percent yield and percent error. You will be mixing potassium iodide with lead (II) nitrate to yield a yellow precipitate through a double replacement reaction. One of the products is not very soluble, thus forming the yellow precipitate in solution. ACCURACY IN MEASUREMENT AND FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS IS CRUCIAL.. MATERIALS: 10.0 mL 0.50 molar lead (II) nitrate solution 10.0 mL potassium iodide solution Two 250 mL beakers Funnel Filter paper Funnel stands Watch glass Desiccator Electronic scale Wash bottle with distilled water

PROCEDURE: 1) Push your desks in towards the middle of the classroom to allow ample room to walk around. 2) Make sure all glassware is clean before beginning. Wash if necessary and dry with paper towel. 3) Using separate pipettes, measure 10.0 mLs of the lead (II) nitrate into one beaker and 10.0 mLs of the potassium iodide solution into another, separate beaker. 4) Take both solutions back to your station and mix them into one beaker. A precipitate should form. 5) Carefully swirl the mixture to react all reacting particles. 6) While one partner is swirling, the other partner can get their filter paper. Prepare a 4 crease fold filter paper (fold it in half twice). Using a pencil place your initials on the rim of the filter paper and then weigh it carefully. Record the mass to 2 decimal places. 7) You will need to place your filter paper in a funnel and then onto a funnel stand to collect your precipitate. Ensure that the bottom of the funnel spout is about 2 cm below the rim of a 250.0 mL collection beaker (use the waster beaker from step 4). If possible, the bottom spout should be touching the inside wall of the beaker. 8) Carefully, decant (pour) out your yellow solution into the filter paper, collecting the supernatant into the collection beaker. Rinse out the beaker containing your precipitate with a wash bottle to ensure that you have collected ALL of your precipitate. Simply turn the beaker upside down and spray water insidebe careful not to splash!

Chemistry 20 I.B.
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Stoichiometry: Recovery Lab

9) As soon as you have collected your precipitate, place your filter paper on a watch glass and place it in the desiccator at 250 300 C for about 15 20 minutes to dry. Be careful when opening and closing the door to the desiccator; you do not want to create a draft that blows off any dry precipitate. DO NOT TOUCH THE WATCH GLASSHOT!!! 10) Pour some tap water into your supernatant and comment on what happened. 11) While you are waiting for your precipitate to dry, clean up all glassware and return them to the side bench. 12) Once your precipitate has dried, reweigh the filter paper containing the precipitate and record the mass to 2 decimal places. * NOTE * the potassium iodide solution was created by mixing in 50.0 g of potassium iodide into 1000 mL of water. Assume the total volume of the solution was 1000 mL. Express all molar masses to 2 decimal places.

DISPOSAL: The supernatant must be poured in a waste bucket. The filter paper containing your precipitate must be thrown in the garbage. Wash your workstation, all lab equipment and your hands thoroughly before leaving the lab.

LAB QUESTIONS: INCLUDE FORMULAS and CORRECT UNITS and

HIGHLIGHT ALL ANSWERS

1) Write a complete balanced molecular and net ionic equation for this reaction including state symbols. 2) Which of the reactants is the limiting reagent? Which is the excess reagent? 3) What is the theoretical yield of your solid? Use quantities given in the lab to determine mass of precipitate that should form. 4) What is the actual yield of your solid? Mass of precipitate found by doing the lab. 5) What is the percent yield of your solution? %Y = AY / TY x 100%. 6) What is the molarity of nitrate ion left over in solution.

This lab will be formally assessed for DCP and CE.