Rotational Symmetry Definition

Rotational Symmetry Definition Generally speaking, an object with rotational symmetry is an object that looks the same after a certain amount of rotation. An object may have more than one rotational symmetry; for instance, if reflections or turning it over are not counted, the triskelion appearing on the Isle of Man's flag (see opposite) has three rotational symmetries (or "a threefold rotational symmetry"). More examples may be seen below. The degree of rotational symmetry is how many degrees the shape has to be turned to look the same on a different side or vertex. It can not be the same side or vertex. In another meaning of the word, the rotation group of an object is the symmetry group within E+(n), the group of direct isometries; In other words, the intersection of the full symmetry group and the group of direct isometries. For chiral objects it is the same as the full symmetry group.

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Laws of physics are SO(3)-invariant if they do not distinguish different directions in space. Because of Noether's theorem, rotational symmetry of a physical system is equivalent to the angular momentum conservation law. See also Rotational invariance. A geometrical figure is in Rotational Symmetry, when we say that after rotating a figure by a certain angle, the figure looks same as before. Let us look at the Rotation Symmetry of an Equilateral Triangle. By rotating the equilateral triangle, we observe that the triangle looks exactly similar when it is rotated by 120 degrees, so the rotational symmetry will be at 120 degrees, 240 degrees and 360 degrees and then one rotation cycle is completed. Now, we come to the conclusion that a figure can look symmetrical 3 times when it completes one rotation. Thus, the order of rotation of the equilateral triangle will be 3. On the other hand, if we look at the Isosceles Triangle or the Scalene Triangle, we observe that figure does not look same at any angular rotation, but after completing the rotation of 360 degrees it looks as it is. So the order of rotation is 1 and the angle of rotation is 360 degrees. Have a look on another geometrical figure, say a Square. A square after the rotation of 90 degrees, take the exact shape, so the angle of the rotation of the square will be 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees and 360 degrees. Thus we can say that the order of rotation of the square will be 4. Similarly, the order of rotation of the Rectangle will be 2 and the angle of rotation of the rectangle is 180 degrees.

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Once we know the order of rotation of any figure, we can find the angle of rotation by applying the formula 360 / order of rotation. By applying the same formula we say for equilateral triangle angle of rotation = 360 / 3 = 120 degrees. For a square angle of rotation = 360 / 4 = 90 degrees and for the rectangle angle of rotation = 360 / 2 = 180 degrees.

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