Operational Amplifiers

Lesson 3 The Comparator and Follower

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Outline

Open Loop Configuration Simple Comparator Window Detector Unity Gain Follower

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Open Loop Configuration

Op-Amp used at maximum gain Bandwidth very low 5Hz to 100Hz Output swings from +Vsat to -Vsat Input/output Impedance by datatsheet value Useful for low speed monitoring functions

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A 120dB 100dB 80dB 60dB 40dB 20dB 0dB f(Hz) 10

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100

1k

10k

.1M

1M

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Simple Comparator

Allows the monitoring of some critical value

Voltage, Current, Power Temperature, Pressure, Level, Light, etc...

Uses a Reference voltage connected to one input Monitored quantity connected to other input Vin on Vi1 Vo = +ive when Vin > Vref Vin on Vi2 Vo = +ive when Vin < Vref
Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net 2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Window Detector

Used for alarm monitoring Combines two comparators Performs High/Low monitoring Indicates if quantity falls outside window Window reference set by voltage divider

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Unity Gain Follower

Negative feedback set Voltage Gain to 1 Named after Emitter Follower config All of output is fed back into inverting input Causes:

Good Current Gain Increased Input Impedance Decreased Output Impedance Full Bandwidth of Op-Amp available
2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

A 120dB 100dB 80dB 60dB 40dB 20dB 0dB f(Hz) 10

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

100

1k

10k

.1M

1M

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Unity Gain Follower

Used for impedance matching Also called Buffer or Driver Amp Connect sensors to ADC Drive a signal over lossy transmission line Example: Connecting headphone output to Line input on stereo

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Unity Follower Formulas:

R1 B= = =1 R1+ R F + 0 vo A A F= =1(i d e a l ) A F = (e x act ) vi 1+ A B

Ri F =Ri A (i d e a l)R i F =Ri (1+ A B)(e x a c t )

Ro Ro Ro F= ( i d e a l) R o F = ( e xac t ) A 1+ A B
f F =G B P(a k a U G B )

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Review

Open Loop Configuration Simple Comparator Window Detector Unity Gain Follower

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Credits and Attributions

Reference Text:

Gayakwad, R.A., (1988). Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits.

Software:

Schematic diagram(s) drawn using National Instruments Multisim 12

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2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License

Copyright (c) 2012 by Mladen Hruska. This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada license All images, diagrams, charts, etc. are the copyright work of Mladen Hruska if not immediately attributed otherwise. For more information: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/

Background image courtesy of [Mr Lightman]/FreeDigitalPhotos.net

2012 Mladen Hruska This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License