Lab 2: Newtons First and Second Laws of motion Name: ______________________________ ID __________ Group: _________ Objective: Students will

demonstrate experimentally that when a force acts on an object it produces an acceleration and after the force has acted on the same its movement remains constant. (if there is no friction.) Theoretical analysis: Newtons law establishes that when the net force acting on an object is 0, if that object was at rest it will remain at rest. If it was moving it will continue moving in the same direction. In case that the net force is not equal to zero, the resultant acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to its mass. In this experiment, we will use a linear flotation system to help us demonstrate both laws of Newton. Material:

Linear system of flotation Air pump Sparks generator Pulley with its support Ruler Spark ruler Mill metric paper Sliding spark electrodes Weights support Register paper Thread

Procedure: 1. Install the flotation system and make sure it is level.

2.

Put the register paper in the spark ruler and connect the sparks generator to the flotation system.

3.

Fix over the flotation system rail the sliding spark electrode (with a pre-measured mass) adjust one of the electrode to a distance of 0.5 cm of the register paper and the other electrode to the wire that is located the length of the rail.

4.

With a piece of thread attach the sliding S.E. and apply a constant force with the weights.

5.

Put a little bench so the weight will fall on it, the distance between the bench and the weight should be around 40 to 50 cm.

6.

Turn-on the air pump and the sparks generator and select the appropriate frequency.

7.

Start registering time and position after turning-on the generator and immediately burn the thread so the movement starts.

8.

Take-out the spark ruler and identify all the markings made on the paper circle them and then by putting a square around them

REPORT NAME:___________________________ LIST#_______ GROUP:______ 1.- Fill the first and the third columns with the data obtained from the experiment. Intervals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Time __0__ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ s __0__ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Position (cm) _____0_______ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Velocity (cm/s) ______0_______ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

2.- Do a graph of the position vs time (Time on the x axis, position on the y axis). 3.- Determine the change of position (s) for each interval and include that data in the table. With these data determine in which interval the change is constant and verify it with your graph.

4.- With the formula s = t(V+Vo)/2 determine the final velocity for each interval of time. Consider Vo = 0. 5.- Sketch the graph velocity (y-axis) vs. time (x-axis) during the entire interval of time. 6.- What is happening to the velocity during the entire interval of time? 7.- According to the Newtons Second law of motion, what happen to an object when a net force is acting upon it? 8.- According to the Newtons First law of motion, what is needed to cause a change in the state of motion of one object? 9.- What factors affected the motion so the graphs didnt look 100% has expected?