assistant examination 1).

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes use several methods to regulate gene expression, but the most common method is a). translational control. b). transcriptional control. c). posttranscriptional control. d). control of mRNA passage from the nucleus 2-. A(n) _______________ is a piece of DNA with a group of genes that are transcribed together as a unit. a). promoter b). repressor c). operator d). operon 3-What effect would the addition of lactose have on a repressed lac operon? a). The operator site on the operon would move. b). It would reinforce the repression of that gene. c). The lac operon would be transcribed. d). It would have no effect whatsoever 4-A type of DNA sequence that is located far from a gene but can promote its expression is a(n) a). promoter. b). activator. c). enhancer. d). TATA box.

5- Which of the following is not necessary during Rho-independent termination of transcription? a. RNA polymerase b. Rho protein c. hairpin structure d. repeating As in the DNA sequence e. All of the above are necessary. 6-In what way is eukaryotic transcription more complex than prokaryotic transcription? a. Eukaryotes have three different RNA polymerases, whereas prokaryotes only have one RNA polymerase. b. Eukaryotic transcription initiation is much more complex than prokaryotic initiation because of the various transcription factors involved. c. Upstream elements are required for efficient transcription in eukaryotic cells, but these elements are

not usually necessary in prokaryotes. d. Eukaryotic mRNA is made in the nucleus . e. All of the above statements outline ways that eukaryotic transcription is more complex. 7- Which of the following statements about eukaryotic mRNA processing is not correct? a. The mRNA transcript must be exported from the nucleus. b. A 5 cap and a 3 poly(A) tail must be added. c. The introns are removed. d. A 3 cap and a 5 poly(A) tail must be added. e. Exons are spliced together to form the mRNA transcript. 8-xeroderma pigmentosum is due to deletion of the genes that encode: a.N-Glycosylase b.UV-specific endonuclease c.DNA protein kinase d.DNA polymerase || 9.PCR is technique for a.sequencing DNA b.Amplifying DNA c.sequencing amino acid d.detection of gene translation 10.RNA polymerase | synthesizes: a.5sRNA b.Trna C.mRNA d.large r RNA 11. if cytosine residue in DNA is deaminated into uracil residue ,the mutant base may be removed by; a.An endonclease b.An exonuclease c.A glycosylase d.DNA ligase 12.all the following statements are characteristic of cloning EXEPT: a.restriction endonuclease b.vectors c.DNA donor d.Sg nuclease .

13- Which of the following enzymes is Thiamine dependent and essential for glucose oxidation in the brain? a) Pyruvate dehydrogenase b) Acetyl co A carboxylase c) Transaldolase d) Succinyl-co A Thiokinase

14- Pyruvate carboxylase requires --------------- as a coenzyme. a) FMN b) Biotin c) NAD+ d) TPP 15-Oxidation of which substance in the body yields the most calories (A) Glucose (B) Glycogen (C) Protein (D) Lipids 16-The reaction catalyzed by phosphofructo kinase is a) Inhibited by Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate b) Activated by high concentration of ATP c) A regulatory step of glycolysis d) All of the above 17-In erythrocytes the most abundantly found Phospho ester isa) Glucose-6 phosphate b) Fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate c) Fructose-6- phosphate d) 2, 3 bisphosphoglycerate 18-Which of the following product of Triglyceride breakdown and subsequent beta oxidation would undergo gluconeogenesisa) Propionyl Co A b) Acetyl CoA c) Aceto acetate d) Beta hydroxy butyrate 19-Which of the following reactions generates ATP? a) Glucose to Glucose -6-phosphate b) Pyruvate to Lactate

c) Phosphoenol pyruvate to Pyruvate d) Glucose- 6 phosphate to fructose-6 phosphate 20-Mc Ardles syndrome causes muscle cramps and muscle fatigue with increased muscle glycogen. Which of the following enzyme is deficient? a) Hepatic hexokinase b) Muscle Phosphorylase c) Muscle Debranching enzyme d) Muscle Hexokinase 21- During starvation, the major source of blood glucose isa) Hepatic Glycogenolysis b) Gluconeogenesis c) Muscle Glycogenolysis d) Dietary glucose from intestine 22- Hexokinase has a considerably Higher km fora) Glucose b) Fructose c) Galactose d) Mannose 23- Which one of the following reactions is unique to gluconeogenesis-? a) Lactate<----------->Pyruvate b) Oxaloacetate---->Phosphoenol pyruvate c) Glucose-6-phosphate----- >Glucose d) Phosphoenol pyruvate-->Pyruvate 24-The key regulatory enzyme of HMP pathway isa) Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase b) Transaldolase c) Transketolase d) Glucose-6-phophatase 25-Which of the followings does not generate free glucose during the enzymatic breakdown of glycogen in skeletal muscles? a) Phosphorylase b) -1-6-amyloglucosidase c) Debranching enzyme d) glucose-6-phosphatase 26-All except one are true about gastric lipase-

a) b) c) d)

Main preduodenal lipase Hydrolyzes triglycerides containing short and medium chain fatty acids Primary site of hydrolysis is sn-3ester linkage Optimum pH is 6.0-7.0

27- Pancreatic juice does not contain which of the followingsa) Bile salts b) Phospholipase A2 c) Lipase and colipase d) Lipoprotein lipase 28- One and the only energy requiring step in fatty acid oxidation is catalyzed by which of the following enzymesa) Thiolase b) Acyl co A dehydrogenase c) Thiokinase d) Beta-OH Acyl co A dehydrogenase 29- A fatty acid with 14 carbon atoms will undergo how many cycles of beta oxidation a) 7 b) 4 c) 6 d) 5 30- Which statement best describes the oxidation of odd chain fatty acids? a) Additional specific enzymes are needed for the oxidative process b) One carbon is removed in one cycle c) End product is propionyl co A d) Hydroxy fatty acids are produced 31-NADPH required for the fatty acid synthesis can be generated froma) HMP pathway b) cytoplasmic isocitrate DH c) malic enzyme d) All of the above 32-The key regulatory enzyme of fatty acid synthesis isa) Acyl co A synthetase b) Acetyl co A carboxylase c) Keto acyl synthase d) Thioesteras

33a) b) c) d)

Malonyl co A is a direct inhibitor of which enzyme of fatty acid oxidation? Carnitine Acyl Transferase I Carnitine Acyl Transferase II Thiokinase None of the above

34-Which out of the followings is the primary ketone body? a) Acetone b) Acetoacetate c) Beta-hydroxy butyrate d) Hydroxy Methyl glutarate 35-The key enzyme for the utilization of ketone bodies isa) Thiolase b) Thiophorase c) Thiokinase d) Thioesterase 36-The key regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis isa) HMG- Co A synthase b) HMG Co A lyase c) HMG Co A reductase d) Mevalonate kinase 37-Which one of the following enzymes is not involved in the degradation of total dietary lipid during digestion; a-gastric lipase b-pancreatic lipase c-lipoprotien lipase d-phospholipase A2 e-cholesterol ester hydrolase 38-Which one of the following has as one of it's major effects the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation; a-leukotrince A4 b-prostacyclin c-thromboxane A2 d-prostaglandin H2 39-A membrane phospholipid that does'nt contain glycerol is ; a- lecithin b- sphingomyelin c- cerebrocide

d- ceramide 40-rispirayory distress syndrome in premature infant is due to inadequate section of which one of the following lipids? a--dipalmitaylphosphatidylcholine b- sphingomylin c- cholesterol d- cardiolin