Dyeing of 100% Polyester Fabric with DISPERSE Dye By EXHOUST Method

Disperse Dyes:
Disperse dyes were formulated and introduced to permit dyeing of hydrophobic thermoplastic fibers including acetate, triacetate, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and other synthetics. The disperse dyes are small polar molecules, usually containing anthraquinone or azo groups, which do not have charged cationic or anionic groups within the structure. The disperse dyes are sparingly soluble in water and must be dispersed with aid of a surfactant in the dye bath. As the small amount of dissolved disperse dye diffuses into the fiber, additional dye dispersed in solution is dissolved, until the disperse dye is nearly completely exhaust don to the fiber. A special class of reactive disperse dyes has been introduced that can react with fibers 1ike acetate and nylon after diffusion into the fiber. The light- and wash fastness of these dyes is generally good, but difficulty has been countered with fume fading with certain of the disperse dyes. Many disperse dyes have appreciable vapor pressures at elevated temperatures and can be "dyed" onto thermoplastic fibers by sublimation, which involves diffusion of the dye vapors into the fiber.

Recipe:
Weight of the Fabric Dye Shade Dispersing agent Leveling agent L: R = = = = = = 1.81gm X g/lit 0.5 % 1 g/lit 1 g/lit 1: 20

Formula:
For dye = Wt.of.fabric % of dye Conc. of solution For auxiliaries = Wt.of.fabric L: R Xg/l 10 Conc. of solution

Calculation:
Dye = = Dispersing agent = = Leveling agent = = Total Volume = = = = 1.81 X 0.5 1 0.90 ml 1.81 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 0.36 ml 1.81 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 0.36 ml 1.81 X 20 36.2 ml 36.2 34.58 ml (0.36 + 0.36 + 0.90)

Water

Procedure:
Take wash tank container and wash it with clean water. Take calculated solvent (H2O). Then put the calculated amount of dispersing agent into container and stir with glass rod. Similarly add calculated amount of leveling agent into container and stir with glass rod. Add acetic acid to set the pH 4-5. Add buffer if require. After completion of stirring put down the X g/l dye into the container and agitate vigorously. Fix the container at 40 C in HT Dyeing Machine. Set the temperature at 130 C and give time to raise temperature. Leave to run HT Dyeing machine for 30-45 minutes at 130 C. After completion of Dyeing process cool down the dye bath and treat the dyed substrate with cold water for 5 mints.
Now hot wash for 5 minutes and dry the dyed fabric.

DYED SAMPLE

Dyeing of 60:40 P/C Fabric with Disperse/Direct Dyes By Exhaust HT Method

One Bath Technique: Recipe:
Weight of fabric Blend Ration Disperse Dye Direct Dye Shade % Dispersing agent Leveling agent L: R = = = = = = = = 3.81 gm 60:40 X g/l X g/l % 1 g/l 1 g/l 1: 20

Calculation:
Disperse Dye = 3.81 X 1 1 3.81 ml 3.81 X 1 1 3.81 ml 3.81 ml: 3.81 ml

= Direct Dye =

= Disperse Dye: Direct Dye =

Dispersing agent

3.81 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 0.762 ml 3.81 X 20 X 1 10 X 10

= Leveling agent =

= Salt =

0.762 ml 3.80 X 20 X 15 100 X 10 0.854 gm 3.81 X 20 76.2 ml 76.2 (3.81 + 3.81 + 0.762 + 0.762) 67.056 ml

= Total volume = = = =

Water

DYED SAMPLE

Dyeing Of 60: 40 P/C Fabric with Disperse/ Reactive Dyes By Exhaust Method
One Bath Technique:
Recipe:
Weight of fabric Blend ration Disperse Dye Reactive Dye Shade % Dispersing agent Leveling agent Soda Ash Salt L: R = = = = = = = = = = 4.1 gm 60: 40 X g/lit X g/lit % 1 g/lit 1 g/lit g/lit 40 g/lit 1: 20

Calculation:
Disperse Dye = 4.1 X 1 1 4.1 ml 4.1 X 1 1 4.1 ml 4.1 ml : 4.1 ml

= Reactive Dye =

= Disperse Dye : Reactive Dye =

Dispersing agent

4.1 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 0.82 ml 4.1 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 0.82 ml 4.1 X 20 X 40 100 X 10 3.28 gm 4.1 X 20 X 20 100 X 10 1.64 gm 4.1 X 20 82 ml 82 (4.1 + 4.1 + 0.82 + 0.82) 72.16 ml

= Leveling agent =

= Salt =

= Soda Ash =

= Total volume = = = =

Water

DYED SAMPLE

POLYAMIDE DYEING THEORY

Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material. It is first used in 1938 in a nylon-bristled tooth brush and followed by womens stockings in 1940. It was developed by Wallace Carothers at the Dupont Chemical Company. It is also was used extensively during the war because, light weight, incredible tensile strength, durability and resistance to damage. The repeating units for this type of polymer are amide bonds and are frequently referred to as polyamides. There two concepts on how nylon has been produced, first method by combining molecules with an acid (COOH) group on each end and reacted with two chemicals that contain amine(NH2) groups on each end. This process creates nylon 6, 6 made of hexamethylene diamene with six carbon atoms and adipoyl chloride. Special technique to produce Nylon from this reaction, Nylon Rope Trick. Second method, a compound has an acid at one end and an amine at the other and is polymerized to form a chain with repeating units of (-NH-[CH2]n-CO-)x.in other words, nylon6 is made from a single six-carbon substance called caprolactam. For this equation, If n=5.Then, nylon 6 is the assigned name (may also be referred to as polymer)

Dyeing Process Line Diagram:

Dyeing of Polyamide Rope with DISPERSE Dyes By EXHAUST method

Recipe:
Weight of Rope Disperse Dye Shade % Dispersing agent Leveling agent L: R = = = = = = 6.2 gm X g/lit 1% 1 g/lit 1 g/lit 1: 20

Formula:
For dye = Wt.of.fabric % of dye Conc. of solution For auxiliaries = Wt.of.fabric L: R Xg/l 10 Conc. of solution

Calculation:
Disperse Dye = 6.2 X 1 1 6.2 ml 6.2 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 1.24 ml 6.2 X 20 X 1 10 X 10 1.24 ml 6.2 X 20 124 ml 124 (6.2 + 1.24 + 1.24) 115.32 ml
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= Dispersing agent =

= Leveling agent =

= Total volume = = = =

Water

Procedure:
Take wash tank container and wash it with clean water. Take calculated solvent (H2O). Then put the calculated amount of dispersing agent into container and stir with glass
rod.

Similarly add calculated amount of leveling agent into container and stir with glass
rod.

Add acetic acid to set the pH 4-5. Add buffer it require.

After completion of stirring put down the X g/l dye into the container and agitate vigorously. Fix the container at 40 C in wash bath. Set the temperature at 100 C and give time to raise temperature. Leave to run machine for 30-45 minutes at 100 C. After completion of Dyeing process cool down the dye bath and treat the dyed Rope with cold water for 5 mints. Dry the rope in drier.

DYED SAMPLE

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