2020 PT 1 | Grammar SECTION 2 Time 30 minutes 39 Questions 1.

. Hearing the soldiers approaching was when Hua Mulan decided to save her elderly father by disguising herself as a man and taking his place in the army. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) Hearing the soldiers approaching was when Hearing the soldiers approach, that was when She heard the soldiers approach, which was when When she heard the soldiers approaching, When she hears the soldiers approach, (E) widely admired book The Middleman and Other Stories, it was

6. When Ada Byron learned of Charles Babbages Analytical Engine, a precursor of modern computers, she correctly predicted that machines like it would one day produce music. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) learned of learns of has learned of had learned that learning that

2. Recent air quality tests indicating that public buildings where indoor smoking is banned have indoor air pollution levels up to 82 percent lower than those where indoor smoking is permitted. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) indicating that indicate that which indicate that indicating that indicate

7. Labor leader Cesar Chavez began his career as an activist by helping many California farmworkers to register to vote, which was successful. (A) activist by helping many California farmworkers to register to vote, which was successful (B) activist by helping many California farmworkers registering to vote, which he was successful (C) activist by successfully helping many California farmworkers register to vote (D) activist, he successfully helped many California farmworkes register to vote (E) activist with successfully helping many California farmworkers register to be a voter

3. By them feeding on dead animals, the bald eagle plays an important role in natures cleanup process. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) By them feeding By their feeding By feeding They feed It feeds

8. Finding its way through sediment on the sea floor, the 400-700 whiskers on a walrus snout are used to sense the presence of clams and other invertebrates on which it feeds. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) the 400-700 whiskers on a walrus snot are used the walrus uses the 400-700 whiskers on its snout walruses use the 400-700 whiskers on its snout a walrus snout, having 400-700 whiskers, is used the snouts of walruses use 400-700 whiskers

4. In the nineteenth century, scholars were amazed to discover that the Sumerians epic of Gilgamesh contains a story of a great flood similar to the biblical story of Noah and the Flood. (A) contains a story of a great flood similar to the biblical story of Noah and the Flood (B) containing a flood story similar to the biblical story of Noah and the Flood (C) and it contained a flood story similar to the biblical story of Noah and the Flood (D) being similar to the biblical story of Noah and the Flood which also contained a flood story (E) contains a story of a great flood, it was like the biblical story of Noah and the Flood

9. Although Jonas Salk received great acclaim for developing a vaccine that virtually eliminated polio in the United States, but his breakthrough was made possible by the work of earlier scientists. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) States, but his breakthroughs was made possible States; his breakthrough was made possible, however, States; yet his breakthrough was made possible States, his breakthrough was made possible States, making his breakthrough possible was

5. Bharati Mukherjees book The Middleman and Other Stories was widely admired and it being the first work by a naturalized American citizen to win the National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction (A) book The Middleman and Other Stories was widely admired and it being (B) book, which was The Middleman and Other Stories, was widely admired and which was (C) book The Middleman and Other Stories, widely admired and (D) widely admired book The Middleman and Other Stories was

10. Able to swim by rapidly opening and closing their shell, a scallop can flee predators more effectively than can a clam or mussel. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) rapidly opening and closing their shell rapidly opening and closing their shells rapidly opening and closing its shell rapid openings and closings of their shells the rapidly opening and closing of its shell

2020 PT 1 | Grammar 11. A best seller when it was first published more than 45 years ago, many still regard Rachel Carsons Silent Spring as the cornerstone of the environmentalist movement (A) many still regard Rachel Carsons Silent Spring as (B) many still regard Rachel Carsons Silent Spring to be (C) there are many who still regard Rachel Carsons Silent Spring as (D) Rachel Carsons Silent Spring is still regarded by many as (E) Rachel Carsons Silent Spring, which is still regarded by many to be 16. If she would have been offered an internship in Atlanta, Tamika would have to rent out her apartment in Chicago
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

If she would have been offered Were she to be offered With it being offered her Offering her By being offered

17. Environmentalists have claimed that someone who drives an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient vehicle wastes more energy in a single year than leaving a refrigerator door open for six years. 12. Most of the founders of the United States had hoped that the new country could be governed without political parties. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) could be could be able to be could have been able to be can be will be
(A) someone who drives an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient

vehicle wastes more energy in a single year than leaving

(B) someone driving an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient vehicle

wastes more energy in a single year than if they leave

(C) to drive an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient vehicle for a

single years wastes more energy than by leaving

(D) by driving an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient vehicle more

energy is wasted in a single year than leaving

(E) driving an SUV instead of a fuel-efficient vehicle for a

single year wastes more energy than leaving 13. Until about 135 years ago, when the remains of an ancient city were discovered on the plain of Troy, there has been a general assumption that the events depicted in Homers Illiad are purely fictitious.
(A) there has been a general assumption that the events depicted

18. Plays performed in fourteenth-century France featured a variety of songs, ranging from popular tunes sung by individual actors in addition to religious hymns sung by groups.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

in Homers Illiad are

(B) it had generally been assumed that the events depicted in

Homers Illiad were (C) the general assumption was for the events depicted in Homers Illiad to have been (D) the events depicted in Homers Illiad have generally been assumed to be (E) Homers Illiad is generally assumed to have depicted events that are

in addition to as well as and even and to

19. The strange, nonsensical songs of the Icelandic rock group Sigur Rs made such an impression on Thom Yorke so that he invited the band to join Radioheads European concert tour. 14. Even his closest friends believe that the candidate is unethical, they acknowledge that this lack of integrity may cause him to lose the election
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

they acknowledge that this lack of integrity they acknowledge that to lack integrity which they acknowledge that this lack of integrity and they acknowledge that this lack of integrity acknowledging this lacking of integrity

made such an impression on Thom Yorke so that he invited was impressive enough for Thom Yorke to invite being so impressive enough for Thom Yorke to invite impressed Thom Yorke to where he invited so impressed Thom Yorke that he invited

20. The Romans occupied Britain in the first century A.D. but, perhaps because of the increasing ferocity of Germanic invasions, ultimately abandoned the island in 410. 15. Since hot wax does not adhere to it, that is why the mineral carnelian was used in ancient times to make signet rings for imprinting wax seals on letters.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (A) A.D. but, perhaps because of the increasing ferocity of

Germanic invasions, ultimately abandoned the island in 410

(B) A.D., the island was ultimately abandoned in 410, perhaps

Since hot wax does not adhere to it, that is why Being known that hot wax does not adhere to it, Knowing that hot wax does not adhere to it, Because hot wax does not adhere to it Hot wax does not adhere to it, therefore

because of the increasing ferocity of Germanic invasions

(C) A.D., ultimately perhaps because of the increasing ferocity

of Germanic invasions, the island was abandoned in 410

(D) A.D., but ultimately abandoning the island in 410 perhaps

because of the increasing ferocity of Germanic invasions

(E) A.D., however, the island was ultimately abandoned in 410,

perhaps because of the increasing ferocity of Germanic invasions

2020 PT 1 | Grammar 21. Unwilling to delay the verdict any longer, the other jurors
A

28.

It is imperative that the government not censor this exhibit

A

and me, deadlocked throughout the proceedings, now

B C

no matter how offensive the images may be, but

B C

sought to resolve our disagreements. No error

D E

continues to protect artists freedom of expression. No error

D E

22.

Katherine Cheung, who had flew as a license pilot

A

29.

The theory of continental drift, which originated in 1912

A

throughout the 1930s, was recognized as a pioneer in

B C

and holds that Earths continents move continually in relation to one another, it became more plausible as new
B C D

aviation and inducted into the Women in Aviation

D

International Pioneer Hall of Fame in 2000. No error

E

geological evidence emerged in the 1950s. No error

E

23.

Current opposition to the publication of the history book

A

30.

In her new play, Eurydice, playwright Sarah Ruhl has concentrated not on the passionate journey of Orpheus
A B

proceeds not so much from concern about the future

B C

as because of a desire to shape perceptions of the past.

D

to retrieve his bride but on Eurydices descent into the

C D

No error
E

underworld. No error
E

24.

31. The word seltzer, now used to refer to any carbonated

A B

Vigorous student debate with the problem of

A

steeply increased student activity feeds has caused many

B C

water, once referred only to the effervescent mineral water obtained from natural springs near the village of Nieders
C D

people to take a critical look at the activities those fees support. No error
D E

Selters, Germany. No error

E

25.

32. The Tale of Peter Rabbit, like all of Beatrix Potters 23 children books, were printed in a small format so that
A B

Running for the office of mayor were four candidates, three

A B

of whom had all recently served as a member of the city

C D

council. No error
E

children could easily hold it. No error

C D E

26.

33. From the 1851, when she joined the Underground Railroad,
A B

Although Africas forest elephants and savanna elephants were once thought to belong to the same species, a recent
A B

and the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, Harriet

C

study of the animals skeletons and tusks suggest otherwise.

C D E

Tubman helped nearly 300 people escape slavery. No error

D

No error
E

27.

Because readers responded so positive to her humorous

A B

34.

The first woman in the United States to be granted a patent

A

newspaper columns about suburban life, Erma Bombeck wrote a number of books on the subject. No error
C D E

was Mary Dixon Kies, her new method for weaving straw
B C

with other fibers proved useful to hatmakers. No error

D E

2020 PT 1 | Grammar
Questions 35-39 refer to the following passage.

36. Which of the following sentences, if placed after sentence 5, would most effectively conclude the first paragraph? (A) Changed occurred throughout the past century in the relationships between employers and employees. (B) Originally, some mill owners had wanted to create a positive living and working (C) Lowell had been flourishing industrial city from as early as the 1830s. (D) The mill owners charged money for drinking water and docked workers an hours pay for arrived just a few minutes late. (E) Many of the mill workers were unskilled, but some were skilled laborers.

(1) At the beginning of the twentieth century, textile workers in Lowell, Massachusetts, worked and lived under deplorable conditions. (2) The average worker earned between $6 and $8 for a 56-hour workweek and lived in an overcrowded slum. (3) Industrial accidents occurred, and workers suffered injuries. (4) This might have resulted in the fact that more than 33 percent of all mill workers died before they reached the age of 26. (5) As if conditions were not bad enough, unscrupulous employers took advantage of workers. (6) In 1912 the Massachusetts legislature reduced the workweek to 54 hours per week but did not call for a commensurate increase in hourly wages. (7) Without warning workers, the employers simply cut the workers pay after the Massachusetts law went into effect. (8) To the surprise of union organizers, most of whom had believed that the mill workers were too poor and uneducated to be unionized, workers instantly went on strike. (9) Members of the Industrial Workers of the World labor union (IWW) arrived to help the mill workers conduct an effective strike. (10) Strikers destroyed machines in the factories, and there were numerous clashes between strikers and the police. (11) In one incident, striking workers had arranged to have their children care for by outside sympathizers and transported by train to safety out of town. (12) Authorities had forbidden the children to be sent away, and police were ordered to attack families arriving at the train station. (13) Photographs of the attacks were a good way to turn public opinion against the mill owners and create pressure on the two sides to come to an agreement.

37. In context, which of the following sentences would be best to place immediately after sentence 9? (A) The union provided meals for workers families and helped organize picket lines (B) Union organizers were merely expressing popular beliefs about the economic and educational status of the mill workers. (C) The mill owners, however, had the law behind them. (D) The IWW has been written about in many history books. (E) This made the lives of the workers harder, but they felt strongly about their cause.

38. In context, which of the following sentences would best be placed at the beginning of paragraph 3 (sentences 10-13)? (A) Violence is never a good solution to problems in the workplace. (B) Public opinion was on the side of the striking workers from the beginning (C) Whatever the intentions of the union organizers might have been, violence broke out. (D) Besides, it was inevitable that eventually, clashes would take place. (E) So what happened next would probably not surprise you.

39. In context, which of the following is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence 13 (reproduced below)? 35. In context, which of the following is the best way to revise and combine sentence 3 and 4 (reproduced below) ? Industrial accidents occurred, and workers suffered injuries. This might have resulted in the fact that more than 33 percent of all mill workers died before they reached the age of 26. (A) Industrial accidents occurred and injuries were suffered by workers; however, more than 33 percent of all mill workers died before they reached the age of 26 (B) Industrial accidents occurred, and injuries were suffered by workers; a result of the fact that more than 33 percent of all mill workers died before reaching the age of 26. (C) More than 33 percent of all mill workers died before they reached the age of 26, possibly as the result of injuries suffered in industrial accidents (D) More than 33 percent of mill workers died before they reached the age of 26, but there were industrial accidents and workers suffered injuries. (E) With the industrial accidents occurring and workers suffering injuries, this could have resulted from the fact that more than 33 percent of all mill workers died before they reached the age of 26. Photographs of the attacks were a good way to turn public opinion against the mill owners and create pressure on the two sides to come to an agreement. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) were good for turning made them turn helped turn are a way to turn turned

Raw Score

total # of correct answers

1 4

total # of wrong answers