APA GUIDELINES FOR INTEGRATING QUOTATIONS

Directions: Using A Writers Reference or some other technical manual, complete the following worksheet
to help you construct your own study guide. Be thorough as you will be using this as a quick reference tool
while writing your essay.
What are the four criteria for APA in-text citations?
1)
2)
3)
4)

When should you quote?

When the quote is memorable and will add liveliness, when a quote is better than you could say it, or when it will
add validity because of the credentials of the one you are quoting.
When should you summarize?
When you want to go over the main ideas of anothers but would be too large to quote or would make more sense
in the writing to quickly go over the main ideas in a more concise style.

When should you paraphrase?

When you want to use the thoughts of another but can either write it better or, write it more fluidly in conjunction
with your text.

When do you use block quotations (large pieces of text)?

When you want to use a quote, but taking a smaller piece of the quote would not convey the same meaning as the
quote as a whole and would not leave the integrity of the whole intact
When do you use an ellipsis?
An ellipsis is used when you are omitting a piece of a quote in order to make it more concise or when it would
allow for the quote to fit better within your writing
What is a signal phrase?

A signal phrase is a phrase used to introduce and attribute a quotation.

INTEGRATING SOURCES
Student Writing: The following sample of student writing needs to integrate a direct quotation and a paraphrase
for support. Using TheWriters Reference or some other technical manual and your notes from class, rewrite the
Student Sample Paragraph using the two sources below for support according to APA guidelines.
Student Sample Paragraph:
It is evident in Charles Baxters short story Gryphon that the author uses Miss Ferenczi and education as a framework.
He understands that education is a system that people use to make better decisions based on critical thinking skills, and it
allows people the chance to look critically at what it means to be a citizen of the world. In order for this process to work
as it was intended people must first understand what it means to be a citizen. Looking critically at the world is the
obligation of every citizen, and it is very troublesome to watch our schools fail to teach students these skills. We must
consider revamping the system.
Source 1: Integrate part of the following quotation in the Student Sample Paragraph above. Because it is a long
quotation, use an ellipsis to break it up.
Author: David Singh is the director of the Williams and Fellows School of Education at Carnegie-Mellon University.
Publication: Education Studies, September 1997, pg. 47
Article: An Education in the Polis: Why American Schools Fall Short of Their Promises.
Quotation: A citizen is someone who understands the many complexities of a system of government; it is a person who
is aware not only of their rights, but also of how those rights might be compromised. Part of this concept is to understand
that no idea is beyond scrutiny, no concept is above reproach
Source 2: Paraphrase the following quotation and integrate it in the Student Sample Paragraph.
Author: Benjamin Barber
Publication: The Sewanee Review, October of 2002, pg. 102
Article: The Educated Student: Global Citizen or Global Consumer?
Quotation: Charles Baxter relies on the characterization of most of his young protagonists to show his readers that
education is most effectively used when it helps people better navigate the world.

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