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Example:
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14 Definition: If A is a square matrix, then an element of the minor matrix, the matrix obtained from by deleting the th row and th column from A. Definition: The cofactor, , of an element , is given by . Example: Find the minors and cofactors of
and
Note the sign pattern relation between the minor and cofactor matrices:
Definition: If
, then
Example:
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2 det(A) = 2 Theorem 3.4: Expansion by Cofactors Let be a square matrix of order . The determinant of is given by (5)
Theorem 3.4: Conditions That Yield a Zero Determinant If is a square matrix and one of the following conditions is true, then 1) An entire row or an entire column consists of zeros 2) Two rows or two columns are equal 3) One row or column is a multiple of another row or column
, and is a nonzero scalar, then , because , thus there are factors of in the determinant.
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0 b)
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0 Example:
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(13) This example illustrates that if c=5, then Theorem 3.7: Determinant of an Invertible Matrix A square matrix A is invertible if and only if Theorem 3.8: Determinant of an Inverse Matrix If A is invertible, then . .
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This example illustrates that Theorem 3.11: Cramer's Rule If a solution of n linear eqns in n variables has a coefficient matrix solution of the system is given by column of constants in the system of eqns. Example:
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(This should be
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164
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