SIZING CALCULATIONS OF THRUST BLOCKS Project Name: Calc.

By: KEO International Consultants Date: Chck'd By: Date: Project Number: Sheet No. Revision

1.0 Design Data Allowable soil bearing capacity Coefficient of soil friction Friction Factor Soil/Concrete Active earth pressure coefficient Passive earth pressure coefficient Soil Bulk Density Submerged Soil Density Concrete Density Submerged Concrete Density Density of water C.L. of pipe from Ground Diameter of the pipe Test presuure Angle of bend Ground Water Table Level below Ground Depth of unblanned excavation Unbalanced Thrust Force at Bent 2.0 Factor of Safety Factor of Safety Against Sliding Factor of Safety Against Overturning Factor of Safety Against Soil Bearing Capacity

= = Ka = Kp = = ' = c = c' = w' = = D= p= = = = T=

182 30 0.364 0.33 3 18 8 24 14 10 0.7 0.62 390 45 1 0.5 90.12

Kpa

kN/m

3 3

kN/m kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m3 m m kN/m2 m m kN

FX

Mz

= = =

4 2 1

3.0 Design Assumptions 1. The design is based on the assumed Geotechnical data furnished as above. 2. Weight of top 0.5m of soil (on passive only) is neglected to account for future accidental, unplanned excavation. 3. It is assumed that during Hydro test, soil behind thrust block is fully compacted so as to obtain a soil desity at least equal to 95 percent of Modified Proctor test (ASTM D 1557).

4.0 Sectional Properties For Anchor Block

Pipe Dia 620mm

A 2.17

B 0.64

Dimensional Details C D E 1.03 2 2.88

H 1.4

h 0.7

a1 2.24

Area a2 2.60

abase 4.83

Iy

Section Modulus ymax Zx=Ix/ymax 1.68 1.67

2.80

5.0 Stability Checks - For Sliding Weight Claculations Pipe Dia 620mm Concrete Volume Weight 6.11 118.69 Soil Above T.Block Volume Weight 0.00 0.00 Total Weight 118.69 P1 0.00 P2 6.00 Earth Pressure Calculations
*Active Pressure kN/m2 *Passive Pressure kN/m2

P3 7.07

P4 0.00

P5 54.00

P6 63.60

Lateral Force along-x Fx Active Total Pipe Thrust Act. Soil Pre. (kN) 90.12 12.18 102.30 6.0 Stability Checks - For Overturning
Overturning Moment

Resisting Force along-x

Passive Resistance From Selfwt. Total Factor of Saftey Result > 4

109.63

43.20

152.83

1.56

Unsafe

Restoring moment-selfweight
Weight Lever arm Restoring Moment

Restoring moment
Passive Total Factor of Safety Result

Pipe Dia 620mm

Due to Fx

Due to active pre

Total

63.08

5.88

68.96

118.69

1.20

142.20

52.90

195.10

2.83

O.K.

7.0 Stability Checks - For Soil Bearing Allowable Gross Bearing Capacity
Total Weight (W) kN Base Area (m
2

=
Bearing Pressure (P1)

204

kN/m2
Passive Pressure Moment (Mzp) Soil Pressure (P2)

Soil Pressure due to Moment (Mz)

Mz (Pipe Thrust) Due to Fx Due to active pre Total

Pipe Dia 620mm

Thrust Fy

Net moment

Soil Press. due to Mx

Mx Soil Press. (P3)

Max. Press. (P1+P2+P3)

Result

Min. Press. (P1P2-P3)

Result

0.00

118.69

4.83

24.57

0.00

63.08

5.88

68.96

32.05

36.91

22.105

0.00

46.67

O.K.

2.46

Small negative pressure neglected

Note: 1. Net moment is calculated as below a. If total induced moment is greater than moment due to passive force (passive force= total sliding force - frictional resistance of concrete) Net moment = Mz - Mzp Where Mz = Destabilising moment Mzp = Restoring moment from passive force calculated as above. b. If total induced moment is less than the moment due to passive soil, effect of moment is ignored in bearing pressure calculations. 8.0 Stability Checks - For Uplift

Pipe Dia 620mm

Dry Concrete wt.

Dry Soil weight

Total Dry Weight

Displaced water wt

Factor of Safety

Result

146.61

146.61

36.65305557

9.0 Reinforcement Design Reinforcement is required only for shrinkage purpose. As per BS-8007: Appendix-A-Figure A1. Following reinforcement is provided as skin rebars on the surface zone of the concrete in all faces. Minimum Reinforcement As = 0.13% of cross sectional area Surface zone of concrete (For t>500mm) = 325 mm2 (For thicknesses more than 500mm only 250thk shall be considered as effective) Provided reinforcement (on all faces): Area of steel provided = > T8 335 325 @ mm O.K.
2

150

c/c

Project Name: Calc. By: KEO International Consultants

Date:

SIZING CALCULATIONS OF THRUST BLOCKS Project Number: Chck'd By: Date: Sheet No.

Revision

1.0 Design Data Allowable soil bearing capacity Soil Bulk Density Submerged Soil Density Concrete Density Submerged Concrete Density Density of water Diameter of the pipe Test presuure Angle of bend Ground Water Table Level below Ground Unbalanced Thrust Force at Bent

SBC =

65 18 8 24 14

Kpa kN/m kN/m3 kN/m3 kN/m

3 3 3

F.G.L. =

0.00

= ' = c = c' = w' = D= p= = = Rx = RZ =

Rz -1 0.25 Rx

10 kN/m 0.1 m 1200 15 1 0.32 kN/m m kN

0.75

Rx 0.25 0.933
1.435

-1.25 Rz 0.25

2.44 kN

2.0 Factor of Safety Factor of Safety Against Overturning Factor of Safety Against Soil Bearing Capacity

= =

2 1

3.0 Design Assumptions 1. The design is based on the assumed Geotechnical data furnished as above. 2. Weight of top 0.5m of soil (on passive only) is neglected to account for future accidental, unplanned excavation. 3. It is assumed that during Hydro test, soil behind thrust block is fully compacted so as to obtain a soil desity at least equal to 95 percent of Modified Proctor test (ASTM D 1557).

3.0 Approximate Size of Thrust Block Length of the Thrust Block Width of the Thrust Block Height of the Thrust Block L= B= H= 1435 mm 450 mm 750 mm

4.0 Moment (Couple) in Thrust Block The forces in the upward bend and downward bend will cause a couple in the thrust blocks, which will be resisted by the weight of block. Mc = Couple Moment in Thrust Block 2.36 kN.m 5.0 Resistance of Thrust Block Weight of the Thrust Block Resisting Moment 6.0 Stability Check of Thrust Block for Overturning Factor Of Safety = Mc / MR 7.0 Stability Check of Thrust Block for Soil Pressure Moment of Inertia of Thrust Block Couple Moment in Thrust Block Distance to extreme fibre = Stress at extreme fibre Weight of Thrust Block per meter Weight of Soil Maximum Soil Pressure Minimum Soil Pressure

WTh = MR =

11.62 kN 8.34 kN.m

F.O.S. =

3.54 > 2

O.K.

Iy = Mc = y= f= = Wsoil = = =

4 0.111 m

2.36 kN.m 0.718 m 15.26 kPa 2 18 kN/m 2 13.5 kN/m

2 46.76 kN/m 2 2.74 kN/m

< SBC = 65 >0

O.K. O.K.