Oil boom method of controlling oil spill When oil is accidentally released into water mass such sea

the first priority is checking its extent and spread. We have to prevent losses to our natural resources while ensuring fast spill removal process. This can be done through fast and skilful deployment of an oil containment boom.

There primary uses are for deflection, collection and protection. Boom material is brightly coloured to spot any break in the line besides being easily identifiable. Depending on the type of the hydrocarbon derivative, such as naphtha and gasoline that are very volatile and have low flash points, we may opt to simply deflect from the risk of explosion or protect sensitive areas while it evaporates. Booms come in different shapes and sizes. Due to gravitational segregation oil flows on water. A boom consists of two parts a subsea rugged fabric skirt and buoyant filler that is intended to flow above the water. To maintain a correct depth ballast are used. Skirt prevents oil from escaping beneath the boom while above sea freeboard prevents splashover. prevailing weather conditions, durability, forms of storage, transportation and the capacity for containment determine boom property. The Canadian Shipping act the containment boom formula is: B = 1.25 x H B = the amount of boom in meters required to contain the free floating oil. H = The amount of oil spilled in m3 Offshore boom usually comes in 250m or 300m lengths so 5 or more booms may be used consecutively. Main parts of an oil containment boom are: 1. Float: Air filled or rigid to maintain proper configuration of boom above water. 2. Freeboard: This is the height measured from the water line to the top of the float section. 3. Skirt: The continuous portion below the float, which has the purpose of containing the oil that tends to pass under the boom. 4. Ballast: Is weight added to the bottom of the skirt to maintain the barrier in a position perpendicular to the surface of the water and in some cases to provide the tension member for the boom. 5. Anchors: Points where boom ropes are tied to maintain proper configuration of boom in water 6. Ropes: cheap with lesser breaking strain than boom and serve as a link to the boom.

Boom selection: Dependent on given location, the following considerations should be kept in mind. 1. The circumstances under which the barrier will operate: 2. Weather conditions Height of the waves Wave frequency Sheltered or open waters Currents speed 3. Logistical requirements Good access Fixed location (Close to the area of risk) Transportation requirements Availability of labour and equipment for deploying the boom The need for compatibility between the different types of booms. Booms may be fence, curtain fence curtain, self inflating or shore sealing type. Containment method may be U, V, J, W or single ship type. Under severe sea state like wind speed, currents (>0.7 knots) conventional methods fail and we have to consider modified boom methods using hydrophobic and oleophobic substances simultaneously.

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