Pub!

ic Rcdactcd Vcrsinn
Anncx A
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 1/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 1/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
Origina|. LngIlsh Nc.: ICC-01/09-02/11
Dale: 26 Octnbcr 2012
TRIAL CHAMBER V
BcInrc: Judgc Kunikn Ozaki, Prcsiding Judgc
Judgc Christinc Van dcn Wyngacrt
Judgc Chi!c Ebnc-Osuji
5ITUATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE CA5E OF
THL PROSLCUTOR t.lRANClS KlRlMl MUTHAURA AND UHURU MUlGAl
KLNYATTA
Pub!ic
Pub!ic Rcdactcd Vcrsinn nI Prnsccutinn's "Rcspnnsc tn 'App!icatinn Inr a ru!ing
nn thc !cga!ity nI thc arrcst nI Mr. Dcnnis O!c Itumbi' (ICC-01/09-02/11-497) " Ii!cd
nn 22 Octnbcr 2012
5nurcc: Thc OIIicc nI thc Prnsccutnr
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 2/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 2/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
Dncumcnt tn bc nntiIicd in accnrdancc with rcgu!atinn 31 nI thc ReguIutlons of the Court tn:
Thc OIIicc nI thc Prnsccutnr
Ialou ensouda
AdesoIa Adeboye|o
Cnunsc! Inr Francis Kirimi Muthaura
Cnunsc! Inr Uhuru Muigai Kcnyatta
Lcga! Rcprcscntativcs nI thc Victims Lcga! Rcprcscntativcs nI thc App!icants
Unrcprcscntcd Victims Unrcprcscntcd App!icants
(Participatinn/Rcparatinn)
Thc OIIicc nI Pub!ic Cnunsc! Inr
Victims
Thc OIIicc nI Pub!ic Cnunsc! Inr thc
DcIcncc
5tatcs' Rcprcscntativcs
REGI5TRY
Amicus Curiac
Rcgistrar
Ms. SiIvana Arbia
Cnunsc! 5uppnrt 5cctinn
Victims and Witncsscs Unit
Maria Luisa Marlinod-Iacome
Dctcntinn 5cctinn
Victims Participatinn and Rcparatinns
5cctinn
Othcr
Mr NichoIas Kaufman
INTRODUCTION
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 3/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 3/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
1. On 28 Seplember 2012, Dennis OIe Ilumbi (lhe AppIicanl) requesled lhal TriaI
Chamber V (Chamber): (i) ruIe lhal lhe AppIicanl vas iIIegaIIy arresled in lhe
conlexl of an invesligalion insligaled by lhe OTI or, olhervise, in conneclion
vilh proceedings before lhe InlernalionaI CriminaI Courl (Courl): or (ii) in lhe
aIlernalive, shouId lhe Chamber decide lhal il Iacks proceduraI compelence lo
deaI vilh lhe AppIicanl's requesl, lo refer il lo anolher chamber pursuanl lo
ArlicIe 64(4) of lhe Rome Slalule (AppIicalion).
1
The AppIicanl slales lhal lhis
AppIicalion is a preIiminary slep lo Ialer requesling compensalion under ArlicIe
85(1) of lhe Rome Slalule (Slalule).
2
2. In parlicuIar, in reIalion lo lhe requesl for a ruIing on lhe aIIeged iIIegaI arresl, lhe
AppIicanl requesls lhe Chamber lo decide vhelher (i) lhe AppIicanl vas arresled
in conneclion vilh Courl proceedings: (ii) lhe AppIicanl's arresl vas iIIegaI: and
(iii) lhe iIIegaIily of lhe arresl need be allribuled specificaIIy lo lhe Iroseculion.
3
3. As a preIiminary maller, lhe submissions of lhe AppIicanl lhemseIves do nol even
cIarify if he vas arrcsic! i.e. laken inlo cuslody for suspicion of commilling a
crime -- or !ciainc! for queslioning. ul regardIess of lhe nalure of Kenya's
reslriclions on his Iiberly, lhe AppIicanl's requesl for reIief from lhis Courl musl
faiI. In response, lhe Iroseculion submils lhe foIIoving:
(i) The issue is nol vhelher lhe aIIeged iIIegaI arresl or delenlion by lhe
Kenyan aulhorilies vas somehov in ccnncciicn uiin Courl proceedings.
Ralher, lhe queslion is vhelher lhe AppIicanl vas arresled or delained
pursuanl lo a requesl by lhe Courl under eilher ArlicIe 89 (ArlicIe 89
requesl) or ArlicIe 93(1)(b) and (c). The Chamber shouId reviev lhe
AppIicanl's arresl or delenlion onIy if il is firsl eslabIished lhal lhe arresl vas
allribulabIe lo or effeclualed al lhe requesl of lhe Courl or, more parlicuIarIy,
lhe Iroseculion.
1
ICC-01/09-02/11-497.
2
ICC-01/09-02/11-497, para.11.
3
ICC-01/09-02/11-497.
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 4/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 4/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
(ii) Here, lhe Iroseculion did nol requesl and vas nol olhervise invoIved in
lhe AppIicanl's arresl or delenlion. AccordingIy, lhis Courl shouId nol furlher
consider lhe queslion of vhelher lhe arresl or delenlion of lhe AppIicanl vas
iIIegaI: lhal is a maller onIy for lhe reIevanl Kenyan |udiciaI aulhorilies lo
consider.
(iii) AIlhough lhe IegaIily of lhe AppIicanl's arresl or delenlion is nol a maller
vilhin lhe Courl's |urisdiclion and delerminalion, on lhe basis of lhe
informalion avaiIabIe lo lhe Iroseculion and a reviev of lhe appIicabIe
Kenyan IegisIalion, il appears lhal lhe Kenyan aulhorilies had a IegaI basis for
arresling or delaining lhe AppIicanl. A finaI delerminalion can onIy be made,
hovever, by lhe appropriale Kenyan aulhorilies vilh compIele access lo lhe
facls and knovIedge of lhe reIevanl Iav.
iv) As lhe AppIicanl vas nol arresled or delained al lhe Iroseculion's requesl,
bul ralher arresled pursuanl lo Kenyan domeslic Iav and by Kenyan
aulhorilies,
4
he cannol vaIidIy make a compensalion cIaim before lhe Courl
pursuanl lo ArlicIe 85(1). A cIaim for compensalion, if a! argucn!c |uslifiabIe,
vouId need lo be made before lhe compelenl nalionaI aulhorilies.
CONFIDENTIALITY
4. The Iroseculion requesls lhal lhe Chamber receive lhis fiIing as confidenliaI and
cx paric avaiIabIe lo lhe Iroseculion and VWU onIy, pursuanl lo ReguIalion
23|is(1) of lhe ReguIalions of lhe Courl, ArlicIe 68(1) of lhe Rome Slalule
(Slalule) and RuIe 81 of lhe RuIes of Irocedure and Ividence (RuIes) lo
|RIDACTID]. The Iroseculion proposes lo fiIe subsequenlIy confidenliaI
redacled and pubIic versions.
4
ICC-01/09-02/11-497, paras.
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 5/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 5/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
BACKGROUND
5. |RIDACTID].
5
6. |RIDACTID].
7. |RIDACTID]:
(a) |RIDACTID]:
(b) |RIDACTID],
6
|RIDACTID]: and
(c) |RIDACTID].
8. |RIDACTID],
7
|RIDACTID].
8
9. |RIDACTID]:
(i) |RIDACTID]:
9
a. |RIDACTID].
10
b. |RIDACTID]
11
|RIDACTID].
12
(ii) |RIDACTID].
13
(iii) |RIDACTID].
14
|RIDACTID]
15
10. |RIDACTID].
16
|RIDACTID].
11. |RIDACTID].
12. |RIDACTID].
17
|RIDACTID].
18
|RIDACTID].
19
|RIDACTID].
20
5
[REDACTED].
6
[REDACTED].
7
[REDACTED].
8
[REDACTED].
9
[REDACTED].
10
[REDACTED].
11
[REDACTED].
12
[REDACTED].
13
[REDACTED].
14
[REDACTED].
15
[REDACTED].
16
[REDACTED].
17
[REDACTED].
18
[REDACTED].
19
[REDACTED].
20
[REDACTED].
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 6/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 6/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
13. On 21 Seplember 2012 lhe AppIicanl informed lhe Ire-TriaI Chamber II lhal he
had been arresled and delained on 22 March 2012 by Kenyan aulhorilies and
asked lhal lhe Ire-TriaI Chamber II ruIe on lhe IegaIily of lhal arresl, asserling
lhal il vas in lhe conlexl of an invesligalion insligaled by lhe Iroseculion and
conducled in conneclion vilh currenl Courl proceedings (IniliaI AppIicalion).
21
The Iroseculion vas nolified of lhe IniliaI AppIicalion.
14. On 25 Seplember 2012, Ire-TriaI Chamber II dismissed lhe AppIicanl's IniliaI
AppIicalion ruIing lhal il vas nol proceduraIIy compelenl lo deaI vilh lhe
AppIicalion as TriaI Chamber V had aIready been consliluled lo deaI vilh lhe
conducl of 'subsequenl proceedings'.
22
15. On 28 Seplember 2012, lhe AppIicanl made his AppIicalion before TriaI Chamber
V.
23
5UBMI55ION5
(I) Undcr Artic!c 85 nI thc 5tatutc, any a!!cgcd "un!awIu! arrcst" must rc!atc tn
an ICC arrcst warrant
16. The AppIicanl seeks an iniliaI ruIing on lhe IegaIily of his arresl by lhe Kenyan
aulhorilies in order lo lo make a cIaim for compensalion under ArlicIe 85 of lhe
Slalule and RuIe 173 of lhe RuIes of Irocedure and Ividence (RuIes).
24
17. ArlicIe 85 enlilIes viclims of an unIavfuI arresl or delenlion lo seek
compensalion, bul onIy if lhe arresl vas requesled and conducled pursuanl lo lhe
Slalule.
25
21
ICC-01/09-105.
22
ICC-01/09-106.
23
ICC-01/09-02/11-497.
24
ICC-01/09-02/11-497, para.11.
25
See e.g. C. Staker Article 85, in Commentary on the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Observers Notes, Article by Article Second Edition, C.H.Beck Hart Nomos, 2008, p.1501: In the context of
the ICC, this provision would apply in cases where a person is arrested or detained in violation of specific
provisions of the Statute (in particular, article 55 para.1 (d) or the Rules, and presumably, where the arrest or
detention was unlawful under other applicable rules of international law. (Italics added). The Applicants
argument (ICC-01/09-02/11-497, paras.43-44) that Staker suggests that Article 85 may relate to unlawful
conduct by national authorities for arrests and detentions in connection with proceedings before the Court is
misleading, as Staker is clearly referring to Court proceedings following an arrest requested by the Court. Staker
states at p.1501:[a]s arrests are executed by States, and in view of the requirement in article 59 para. 1 that the
arrest of a person by a State shall be in accordance with its laws, this paragraph could arguably apply also to
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 7/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 7/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
18. The slalulory framevork makes cIear lhal vhalever arresl or delenlion occurred
vas nol underlaken pursuanl lo an ICC varranl issued under lhe Rome Slalule.
RIDACTID.
26
If lhere are reasonabIe grounds lo beIieve lhal a person has
commilled an offence under ArlicIe 70, lhe Iroseculion may requesl lhal lhe Ire-
TriaI Chamber issue an arresl varranl under ArlicIe 58 of lhe Slalule. Upon
issuance of lhal varranl, lhe Courl may lhen requesl nalionaI aulhorilies lo effecl
lhe person's arresl and surrender under ArlicIe 89 of lhe Slalule.
19. In lhis case, lhe Iroseculion did nol requesl lhe Courl lo issue a varranl or lo
seek lhe AppIicanl's arresl by nalionaI aulhorilies. |RIDACTID].
(II) Thc Prnsccutinn ncithcr rcqucstcd thc App!icant's arrcst nr dctcntinn nnr
was thc Prnsccutinn invn!vcd in his arrcst nr dctcntinn.
20. The Iroseculion aIso did nol ask lhe Kenyan aulhorilies lo delain lhe AppIicanl
for queslioning pursuanl lo a requesl for |udiciaI assislance under ArlicIe 93(1)(b)
and (c).
21. |RIDACTID]
27
|RIDACTID].
28
22. The Iroseculion did nol requesl lhe arresl or delenlion of lhe AppIicanl: il did nol
lake parl in lhe execulion of lhe requesl for IegaI assislance: and specificaIIy il did
nol requesl lhal he be arresled or delained. In sum, assuming lhal lhe Kenyan
aulhorilies iIIegaIIy sub|ecled lhe AppIicanl lo an arresl/delenlion, lheir aclion
vas nol reIaled lo or pursuanl lo an ICC varranl or a requesl for queslioning
pursuanl lo ArlicIe 93(1)(b)-(c). The Iroseculion, moreover, did nol insligale il
and vas nol olhervise invoIved in il. The aclion vas laken on lhe inilialive of lhe
Kenyan aulhorilies, pursuanl lo lheir ovn Iavs and procedure.
arrests or detentions by State authorities in connection with proceedings before the Court, which are unlawful
under the national law of that State.
26
[REDACTED].
27
[REDACTED].
28
[REDACTED].
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 8/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 8/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
(IV) Thc rc!cvant Inrum is nnt thc Cnurt but thc Kcnyan judiciary
23. |RIDACTID].
29
|RIDACTID].
30
24. |RIDACTID], lhe mosl appropriale forum for reviev of compIiance of lhose
invesligalions vilh nalionaI Iavs musl be lhe nalionaI courls, vhich are beller
pIaced lo consider lhe vioIalion of any of lhe Slale's Iavs.
25. Iven in lhe case of ArlicIe 59 arresl proceedings, lhe AppeaIs Chamber has
confirmed lhal: inc Ccuri !ccs nci sii in inc prcccss |..I cn ju!gncni as a ccuri cj
appca| cn inc i!cniijicaicru !ccisicn cj inc |.I|rcspcciitcI ju!icia| auincriiu.
31
When
lhe arresl or delenlion of an individuaI by a Slale is nci pursuanl lo a requesl of
lhis Courl, lhere is no basis for lhis Courl lo reviev lhe IegaIily of lhe Slale's
aclions.
26. |RIDACTID].
27. AccordingIy, if lhe Kenyan aulhorilies decided lo arresl or delain lhe AppIicanl
and even if, a! argucn!c. lhere vere irreguIarilies in lhe manner in vhich lhis vas
conducled, lhe appropriale IegaI forum is nol lhe Courl, bul lhe reIevanl Kenyan
|udiciaI aulhorily. This is because (i) any such aIIeged acls vere nol done al lhe
Iroseculion's requesl or invoIvemenl: and (ii) il vas lhe Kenyan aulhorilies vho
carried oul lhe arresl or delenlion pursuanl lo Kenyan nalionaI Iavs.
(V) Lcga!ity nI thc App!icant's arrcst and dctcntinn
28. The Iroseculion's posilion is lhal if lhe AppIicanl vas arresled (aIlhough lhis is
nol cIear as he may have been delained for queslioning), his arresl and delenlion
vas execuled pursuanl lo Kenyan Iav and procedure and nol al lhe Iroseculion's
requesl or pursuanl lo an ICC varranl. AccordingIy, lhe queslion of lhe IegaIily
of lhe arresl need nol be delermined. Moreover, lhe facls reIaled lo lhe
29
[REDACTED].
30
[REDACTED].
31
ICC-01/04-01/06-772 OA4, para.41.
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 9/10 CB T
ICC-01/09-02/11 9/10 26 Octnbcr 2012
AppIicanl's arresl or delenlion do nol appear lo be fuIIy before lhe Courl, so lhal
il vouId be impossibIe on lhis record lo concIusiveIy resoIve lhe issue of IegaIily.
29. The Iroseculion observes, from lhe informalion lhal lhe AppIicanl suppIies, lhal
lhere appears lo be a IegaI basis for lhe Kenyan aulhorilies lo have arresled or
delained him for acls commilled in Kenya lhal, as shovn beIov, al Ieasl
coIourabIy appear lo be in vioIalion of Kenyan Iav. A finaI delerminalion of lhis
queslion can onIy be made, hovever, by lhe Kenyan aulhorilies.
30. |RIDACTID].
32
CONCLU5ION
31. Ior aII of lhe foregoing reasons, lhe Iroseculion asks lhal TriaI Chamber V re|ecl
lhe AppIicanl's AppIicalion in ils enlirely.
Daled lhis 26
lh
day of Oclober 2012
Al The Hague, The NelherIands
32
[REDACTED]
Ialou ensouda,
Iroseculor
ICC-01/09-02/11-511-Red 29-10-2012 10/10 CB T