ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF CONCESSION (CONTRAST)

1) She knew how to cook. She said she didnt.

Although she knew how to cook, she said she didnt.
2) Suzy arrived two hours late. She didnt apologize.
Although Suzy arrived 2 hours late, she didnt apologize
Despite arriving 2 hours late, Suzy didnt
3) Alan doesnt need any money. He still works.
Although Alan doesnt need any money, he still works
4) My uncle had money. He didnt buy the kids ice-creams.
In spite of having money, my uncle didnt buy the kids ice-creams
5) Sam had an accident due to alcohol. He didnt give up his habit.
Though Sam had an accident due to alcohol, he didnt give up his habit.
In spite of having an accident due to alcohol, he didnt give up his habit.
6) Ana needed help. She didnt ask for any.
Although Ana needed help, she didnt ask for any.
7) Gloria failed all her exams. She has no intention to study.
Despite .................................................................................................................................................................
8) It was 3 am. The girls went on chattering.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................
In spite of its being 3 am, the ...
9) Abdel had fallen off his bike twice. He won the race.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................
In spite of having fallen off..., Abdel won the race
10) Mehmet was blind. He finished university in the first place.
Despite ..................................................................................................................................................................
11) Dave smokes. He seems to be in good health. (although)
...............................................................................................................................................................................
12) I couldnt sleep. I was tired. (despite)
...............................................................................................................................................................................
13) Max didnt notice the sign. It was right in front of him. (even though)
...............................................................................................................................................................................
14) Kate never learnt Spanish. She lived in Spain for years. (although)
...............................................................................................................................................................................
15) A few trains were running. There was a strike. (in spite of)
...............................................................................................................................................................................
16) She decided to go abroad for a year despite loving her boyfriend very much.
Although ...............................................................................................................................................................
17) He went on holiday to Thailand in spite of the expensive airfare.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................

18) Although it was only the first time they met, they made friends immediately.
Despite .................................................................................................................................................................
19) The English actor Oliver Reed was often rude to people although he was always kind to animals.
In spite of .............................................................................................................................................................
20) Socrates never had much money despite being very famous in his own day.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................
21) I phone my brother in Thailand using Skype nearly every day despite the time difference.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................
22) The best things in life are free, although love is often very expensive.
Despite .................................................................................................................................................................
23) Shes a great person in spite of getting jealous over stupid things sometimes.
Although ..............................................................................................................................................................
24) Cars are a big waste of money although you do need one if you live in the country.
In spite of .............................................................................................................................................................
25) Valencia is a fantastic place in spite of being too hot in July and August.
Although ...............................................................................................................................................................
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF REASON
1.She went to bed early because she felt tired.
Because of ...........................................................................................................................................................
2. He retired last month because he was ill.
.............................................................................................................................................................................
3. I cant get up early because of the broken clock.
I cant get up early because the clock is broken ................................................................................................
4. My father decided to stop smoking because of its harm for health.
My father decided to stop smoking because it is harmful
for health
.............................................................................................................................................................................
5. Because of the illness of her son, she stayed at home.
Because her son is ill, she stayed home .............................................................................................................
6. We didn't go to school because it rained.
Because of its raining, ... .........................................................................................................................................
7. I admired Mr. Smith because his conduct is good.
Because of the good conduct, ... .............................................................................................................................
8. I have to copy the lesson for John because he is absent.
I have to copy the lesson for John because of his being ... .....................................................................................
9. I like him because his father is kind to me.
Because of his fathers being kind to me, I like him ..............................................................................................
10. He left school because his wife was hard.

Because of his wifes being hard, ... .......................................................................................................................

11. I was late because there was much traffic.
I was late because of the traffic...............................................................................................................................
12. Jane looked happy because she had got good marks.
Because of having got good marks, .......................................................................................................................
13. Peter was worried because of his wife's being late.
Peter was worried because his wife was late ..........................................................................................................
14. He stopped working here because he was too old to continue.
He stopped working here because of his being too old ..........................................................................................
15. These men lived unhappily because they are poor.
Because of their being poor ....................................................................................................................................
16) We decided to buy that house because it cost not much
Because of its costing not much,.............................................................................................................................
17) She had to give up singing because she had serious throat problem
Because of having serious throat ...........................................................................................................................
18) People trust him because he is honest
Because of his being honest ....................................................................................................................................
19) She accepted the job because its salarys being very high
.................................................................................................................................................................................
20. We couldn't read the sign on the building because the distance was so great.
.................................................................................................................................................................................
21. I lost my way because the fog was thick.
.................................................................................................................................................................................
22. Mary didnt go to school yesterday because she was sick.
.................................................................................................................................................................................
23. I cant sleep because the weather is hot.
.................................................................................................................................................................................
24. He left school because his life was hard.
.................................................................................................................................................................................
25. The train was late because the fog was thick.
.................................................................................................................................................................................