SHANMUGHA ARTS, SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH ACADEMY (SASTRA) UNIVERSITY TIRUMALAISAMUDRAM 613 402 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &

; COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Scheme and Syllabi for B.Tech. Electronics & Communication Engineering Programme V and VI Semesters

Approved by Board of Studies Meeting held on 03-04-2008 Approved by XIV Academic Council Meeting held on 23-04-2008

V SEMESTER

S. No.

Course Code

Course Name

Periods

Total Periods per week 4 5 4 4 4 5

Total No. of Credits 4 5 4 4

01. 02. 03. 04. 05.

BECCMA 501 BECCEC 502 BECCEC 503 BECCEC 504 BECDEC 501 BECDEC 502 BECDEC 503 BECDEC 504 BECDEC 505

PROBABILITY AND RANDOM PROCESSES MICROPROCESSORS ANALOG MODULATION AND SYSTEMS MICROWAVE ENGINEERING OPTICAL COMMUNICATION RADAR ENGINEERING INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS JAVA PROGRAMMING BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (TO CHOOSE ANY TWO COURSES)

L 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 2 4

P 3 -

4 4

06. 07. 08.

BECCEC 505 BECCEC 506 BECCTP 507

MICROPROCESSOR LAB MICROWAVE LAB HR SKILLS Total

1 24/26

3 3 6/9

3 3 1 32/33

2 2 1 30

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCMA 501 : PROBABILITY AND RANDOM PROCESSES : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I : Probability and Distributions: 15 PERIODS Basic concept of probability Conditional probability and Bayes Theorem Concept of a Random Variable - Transformation of random variables Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) Probability Density Function Basic Statistical Properties of a Random Variable and Expected Values Moments Binomial ,Poission, Normal, Erlang and Cauchy Distributions Moment Generating Functions Addition Theorem Recurrence relations UNIT II :Correlation, Regression & Tests of Hypothesis: 15 PERIODS Linear correlation Rank correlation- Regression analysis Problems. Introduction Procedure for Testing of Hypothesis Tests of significance for large samples Difference between sample proportion and population proportion Difference between two sample proportions Test of significance for small samples Students t distribution Difference between sample mean and population mean Difference between two sample means F distribution Chi - square distribution Goodness of fit Independents of Attributes. UNIT III: Random Processes : 15 PERIODS Classification of random processes Methods of description of a random process Special classes of random processes - Average values of random processes Stationarity Examples of wide sense stationary process and strict sense stationary process Analytical representation of a random process- Ergodic Process Autocorrelation function and its properties Cross Correlation function and its properties Weiner Khinchins Theorem Power Spectral density. UNIT IV : Special Classes Random Processes: 15 PERIODS Introduction Bernoulli Random Process Poisson Process Birth and Death process Difference Differential Equations Pure Birth process Yule Furry Process Renewal process Discrete state Discrete Time renewal process Discrete state continuous parameter Renewal Process Solution to Renewal equations. Text Books: 1. T.Veerarajan Probability Statistics and Random Processes Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi 2003. [for UNITs II, III and IV]. 2. Jorge I. Aunon and V. Chandrasekar Introduction to Probability and Random Processes McGraw Hill International Editions, New York, 1998.[for UNITs I and III]

Suggested Readings: 1. S.C. Gupta, V.K. Kapoor Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics 10th revised ed., Sultan Chand and Sons Publications, 2007. 2. George R.Cooper, Clare D.McGillem, Probalistic Methods of Signal & System Analysis, 3rd ed., Oxford Press., 2007. 3. Peebles, P.Z. Probability, Random Variables and Random Signal Principles McGraw Hill, New York, 2002. 4. Papoulis, A. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes McGraw Hill, New York, 2000.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC502 : MICROPROCESSORS : 05 : 05 : 05

UNIT -I: Architecture of Intel 8085: 15 PERIODS Architecture of 8085 Pin description and functions Instruction and Data flow Machine cycle -Timing diagram for opcode fetch cycle, memory, I/O Read and write cycles - Interrupt structure and its operation. UNIT -II: Assembly programming with 8085: 18 PERIODS 8085 addressing modes instruction set classification and format stack and subroutine assembly language programming. UNIT - III: Intel 8086 Architecture and Programming: 20 PERIODS Intel 8086 architecture Pin description and function overview minimal & maximum mode- bus activities during read / write operation Interrupts structure and its operation. Instruction set addressing modes ALP comparative study of 286, 386,486 & Pentium processors - Memory Protection and Virtual Memory Concepts. UNIT - IV : Peripheral Interface ICs & Serial communication: 22 PERIODS Address space partitioning memory and I/O interfacing PPI 8255- UART -82518253 Timer 8259 A interrupt controller- 8237 programmable DMA 8279 keyboard and display interface controller, 8087 numeric processor. Buses: I2C, USB, field Bus, CAN, Profi Bus, IEEE 488. Text Books: 1. Krishna kant Microprocessor and microcontrollers, PHI, 2007. 2. Barry B. Brey The Intel Microprocessors: Architecture, Programming and Interfacing 4th ed., PHI, 2005. 3. Douglas V. Hall Microprocessors and Interfacing Programming and Hardware - 2/e - Tata McGraw Hill, 2003. Suggested Readings: 1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085 Penram International, 5th Ed, 2006. 2. A.P. Mathur Introduction to Microprocessors TMH, (3/e), 2006. 3. Walter A.Triebel, Avtar Singh, The 8088 & 8086 Microprocessor Programming, Interfacing, software, Hardware and applications,4th ed., Pearson, 2004.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC503 : ANALOG MODULATION AND SYSTEMS : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I: Amplitude Modulation: 15 PERIODS Modulation Types of modulation (AM, FM and PM) Mathematical expression for AM wave Side frequencies Modulation index Power relationship Component phasor of AM signal Spectrum of AM wave. Generation of AM waves Linear modulation Collector, base and emitter modulation Square law modulator Balanced Modulator SSB-SC generation VSB. Demodulation of AM waves Envelope and synchronous detector. UNIT II: Frequency and Phase Modulation: 15 PERIODS Angle modulation Phase and frequency modulation Mathematical representation of FM and PM Frequency spectrum of FM Bandwidth of FM : Bessels identity Carsons rule Spectrum of Narrow Band and Wide Band FM. Generation of FM Direct and Indirect method Relationship between FM and PM Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM. Demodulation of FM waves Slope detector Balanced slope detector Foster-Seeley discriminator Ratio detector Amplitude limiter. UNIT III: Transmitters and Receivers: 15 PERIODS Block schematic study of transmitters AM transmitter High level and low level AM transmitters SSB-SC transmitter FM transmitter Direct and indirect FM transmitters. Block schematic study of receivers Types Superheterodyne receiver Double conversion receiver Choice of IF frequencies Tracking Alignment AGC AFC Characteristics of receivers Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) - Communication receivers. UNIT IV: Noise in Modulation Systems: 15 PERIODS Various types of noise Noise figure Noise temperature SNR and CNR. SNR for synchronous detection of DSB, SSB and envelope detection of AM. SNR for angle modulated systems Threshold effect Threshold extension in FM using PLL and FMFB techniques. Text Books: 1. Kennedy and George Davis Electronic Communication Systems 4th ed., 2006. 2. Dennis Roddy John Coolen Electronic Communication System , 4th ed, PHI, 2003. 3. R.P. Singh and S.D. Sapre Communication Systems Analog and Digital Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.

Suggested Readings: 1. Wayne Tomasi- Electronic communication systems - 4th edition Pearson Education Asia, 2006. 2. Anokh Singh Principles of Communication Engineering- S.Chand and Co., Ltd., 2004. 3. Taub and Schilling Principles of Communication Systems 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC504 : MICROWAVE ENGINEERING : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I: Microwave Network Theory and Passive Devices: 8 PERIODS Symmetrical Z and Y matrices for reciprocal networks Scattering matrix representation of multiport network Properties of S parameters Relation of Z, Y and ABCD parameters with S parameters. Cavity resonators : Coaxial, Rectangular, Circular and Re-entrant types. Terminations Attenuators Phase changers Directional coupler Hybrid junctions. Microwave propagation in ferrites Faraday rotation Ferrite devices Gyrators, isolators and circulators S matrix description and applications. UNIT II : Microwave Tubes: 17 PERIODS High frequency limitations of conventional tubes Klystrons Bunching process Multicavity Klystron Output power and efficiency Reflex Klystron Modes Admittance spiral Output power and efficiency Helix type Travelling Wave Tube Backward wave oscillators Travelling wave magnetron Principle of operation and characteristics Hull cut-off equations Frequency pushing and pulling. UNIT III : Microwave Solid State Devices: 15 PERIODS Microwave transistors Physical structures Principles of operation Microwave characteristics Power and frequency limitations Transferred Electron Device (TED) Gunn diode Avalanche Transit Time Devices : IMPATT and TRAPATT devices Principles of operation and performance PIN diode, Tunnel diode, Varactor diode. Parametric devices : Non-linear reactance and Manley-Rowe power relations MASER. UNIT IV : Microwave Integrated Circuits and Microwave Measurements: 10PERIODS Microwave Integrated Circuits : Introduction Materials Monolithic integrated circuit growth Hybrid integrated circuit fabrication. Basic microwave measurements (Frequency, wavelength, attenuation, power, impedance and VSWR). Text Books: 1. M. Kulkarni Microwave and Radar Engineering, 3rd ed Umesh Publications 2003. 2. Samuel Y. Liao Microwave Devices and Circuits 3rd ed., Pearson education, 2003. Suggested Readings: 1. Annapurna Das, Sisir K.Das Microwave Engineering TMH, 2006. 2. Rajeswari chatterjee Elements of microwave engineering East west press,2003. 3. Sajal Kumar Das Microwave system engineering Khanna publishers, 2000.

4. R.E. Collin Foundations for Microwave Engineering McGraw Hill, 1992. COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS : BECDEC 501 : OPTICAL COMMUNICATION : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I : Optic Fiber Communication: 1 5 PERIODS Block diagram of optical communication system Optical windows in electromagnetic spectrum Advantages of fiber optic communication Free space optical communication system Examples. Refraction Reflection-Snells law Critical angle and total internal reflection. Meridional rays in optic fiber Skew rays Acceptance angle and numerical aperture Mode theory in optical waveguide. Fiber structure: Step index and graded index fiber Monomode and multimode fibers; Glass fiber and plastic fiber Number of modes in step and graded index fiber Mode number- Signal attenuation and dispersion. UNIT II: Optic Sources and Detectors: 15 PERIODS LEDs DH structures Materials Internal, external and coupling quantum efficiencies Semiconductor materials for optical sources Surface emitting LED Edge emitting LED Modulation capability and transient response Electrical and optical bandwidth LASER principle FP, DFB Laser diode structures Temperature effects Noise Reliability considerations. Features of optical detectors PIN diode APD Semi conductor materials for optical sources. UNIT III: Transmission and Reception: 15 PERIODS Source to fiber power launching and lensing schemes, fiber joints, splicing techniquesConnectors and Optical Couplers. Optical amplifier Modulation : Analog and digital signal modulation Receiver block diagram Types of preamplifiers Coherent detection Noise in optical link Power budget and bandwidth budget calculation. UNIT IV: Measurements and Applications : 15 PERIODS Measurement of fiber attenuation dispersion refractive index profile numerical aperture fiber diameter mode field diameter for monomode fibers Principle of Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) Field measurements. Point to point link Wavelength Division Multiplexing Application of fiber optic system in LAN Optical sensors. Text Books: 1. John M. Senior Optical Fiber Communication PHI, 2004. 2. G. Keiser Optic Fiber Communication 3rd ed.,McGraw Hill, 2000.

Suggested Readings : 1. Subir Kumar Sarkar Optic Fibers and Optic Fiber Communication Systems 2000. 2. J.H. Franz and V.K. Jain Optical Communications Components and Systems Narosa Publishing House, 2000. 3. J. Gowar Optic Communication System PHI, 1993.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECDEC 502 : RADAR ENGINEERING : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I : Radar Fundamentals: 15 PERIODS Principle of radar, CW and pulse types Terminology regarding pulse Radar range equations Radar range Range resolution beam width, dual wavelength radar Doppler radar (concepts only) Radar cross section of targets Multiple trip echoer and anomalous propagation. UNIT II : Types of Radars: 15 PERIODS CW radar, FM type and multiple frequency MTI radar Delay line cancellers Range gate and filters Pulse Doppler radars Digital processing of radar signals Tracking radars Sequential lobbing, conical scanning and monopulse type Tracking in range Accuracy. UNIT III : Transmitters and Receivers: 15 PERIODS Magnetron, linear, beam power tubes, TWT Radar antenna, radome, radar receivers Low noise RF amplifiers, Mixers, IF amplifiers display types Duplexers. UNIT IV : Applications of Radar: 15 PERIODS Uses of radar Airborne radar Doppler navigation Remote sensing radars Synthetic aperture Radars MST radar systems Meteorological applications of radar: cyclone warning and rainfall measurements Doppler radar for tropospheric probing Sea Surveillance - Over The Horizon (OTH) . Electronic Counter Measures Active and passive types Conventional Electronic Counter-to-Counter Measures techniques. Text Book: 1. Merril.I Skolnik Introduction to Radar Systems Tata McGraw Hill International, 4th ed., 2002. Suggested Readings: 1. K. Sen and A.B. Bhatacharya Radar Systems and Radio Aids to Navigation, (6/e), Khanna Publications, 2006.

COURSE CODE : BECDEC 503 COURSE NAME : INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK : 04 TOTAL PERIOD PER WEEK : 04 CREDITS : 04 (Prerequisite A course on Electronic devices and circuits) UNIT I : Inverters ,Choppers, Dual and Cyclo Converters: 15 PERIODS Working principle of inverter Thyristor inverters line commutators Forced commutators series inverter parallel inverter bridge inverter voltage controlled inverter current controlled inverter. IGBT - Choppers Thyristor chopper AC choppers dual converters working principle cycloconverters working principle. UNIT II : Electric Welding: 15 PERIODS Classification Basic circuits Types of Electric resistance welding Electric arc welding Electronic welding control Manual line contactor using Ignitron-Thyratron firing of an ignitron contactor - Heat control - sequence control synchronous weld control - Leading tube & Trailing tube circuit Energy storage welding Polyphase welding. UNIT III : High Frequency Heating : 15 PERIODS Induction heating Merits Applications High frequency power sources Principle & Theory of Dielectric heating Dielectric properties Electrodes used in dielectric heating Coupling of Electrode to R.F. generator Thermal losses in dielectric heating Applications of Dielectric heating. UNIT IV: Ultrasonics , Electronic Displays : 15 PERIODS Ultrasonics Principle Generation of ultrasonics industrial applications of ultrasonics ultrasonic stroboscope material testing flaw detection cutting and machining of all materials by ultrasonic vibrations Degasing of liquids by ultrasonic waves soldering and welding ultrasonic dying. Projection display systems introduction display types display for HDTV application projection system fundamentals optical projection systems optical distortion Image devices CRT projection system Light wall system laser beam projection scanning system LCD projection systems Discrete element display systems. Text Books: 1. G.K.Mithal, Dr.Maneesha Gupta-Industrial & Power Electronics- Khanna Publishers, 2003. 2. S.K.Bhattacharya and chatterjee Industrial electronics and controlTata McrawHill, 7th reprint, 2002. 3. Jerry Whittaker Electronic displays Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd reprint, 2002.

Suggested Readings: 1. S.Biswas-Industrial Electronics-Dhanpat Rai & Co(P) Ltd,3rd Ed,2000. 2. M.S. Berdey Thyristor Engineering Khanna Publications, 1998. 3. M. Ramamoorthy An Introduction to Thyristor and Their Applications Affiliated East and West Press Pvt., Ltd., 1991. 4. Chute. G.M., & Chute. R.D. - Electronics in Industry, McGraw hill International 1991.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK DEMONSTRATION PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECDEC 504 : JAVA PROGRAMMING : 02 : 03 : 05 : 04

UNIT - I: 15 PERIODS Introduction to Object Oriented Programming - Genesis of Java - Overview of Java Data types, Variables and Arrays - Operators Control Statements - Introducing Classes - Methods and Classes - Overloading - Understanding static, final - Nested and Inner Classes - String class - Command Line Arguments - Inheritance - I/O Basics - Packages and Interfaces - Exception Handling. UNIT II: 15 PERIODS Multithreaded Programming - Java Thread Model - Creating Multiple Threads - Thread Priorities - Synchronization - Inter thread communication - Suspending, Resuming and Stopping threads - Applets - Fundamentals - Applet class - Applet Skeleton - Event Handling - Event classes Event Listener Interfaces - Adapter Classes Inner Classes. UNIT III: 15 PERIODS AWT - Window Fundamentals - Working with Frame Windows, Graphics, colors, and Fonts - Using AWT controls, Layout managers and Menus Control Fundamentals - Understanding Layout Managers - Java RMI - Networking - Basics Networking Classes and Interfaces - InetAddress - TCP/IP Socket, ServerSocket classes UDP DatagramSocket, DatagramPacket classes UNIT IV: 15 PERIODS Java Library - String handling - String Operation, comparison, searching, modifying String Buffer - java.lang - Simple Type Wrappers Math - java.util - Collection Interfaces - Collection classes Legacy classes - Stack - Dictionary - Hash table - Date class - Random class - java.io - File - ByteStreams - CharacterStreams - Serialization . JAVA PROGRAMMING - DEMONSTRATION LAB 1) Write a Java Program to find the sum of first n prime numbers. 2) Write a Java Program to find whether the given string is palindrome or not . 3) Write a Java program that throws an exception if the given string is not equal to SASTRA (Or any other given string) 4) Create a package for employee and import it for pay roll processing 5) Create an interface for queue and perform various queue operations 6) Write a Java Program to animate any graphical object 7) Draw a face and animate it.

8) Write a Java Program to scroll a text across the screen 9) Write a Java Program to design an interactive quiz program 10) Design an admission form for students in an university using awt controls and Write a Java Program to process the admission of students based on eligibility criteria 11) Write a Java Program to send and receive messages using UDP between two different systems 12) Write a Java Program to send and receive messages using TCP/IP between two different systems 13) Write a Java Program to open any application from java program(remote command execution) 14) Create a string class to perform various string operations like comparison, searching etc Use inheritance. 15) Write a Java Program to perform various stack operations 16) Write a Java Program to count the number of characters of text file.

Text Books: Herbert Schildt, "The Complete Reference Java 2", Fifth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Edition, 2002 2. Harvey M. Deitel, Paul J. Deitel, "Java: How to Program", 7th Edition, Deitel & Associates Inc., 2006.
1.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECDEC 505 : BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION : 04 : 04 : 04

Unit I Electro Physiology: 15 PERIODS Review of physiology and anatomy Resting potential Action potential Propagation of action potential Bioelectric potentials Cardiovascular dynamics Electrode theory Bipolar and unipolar electrodes Surface electrodes Physiological transducers Systems approach to biological systems. Unit II Bioelectric Potential and Cardiovascular Measurements: 15 PERIODS EMG Evoked potential response EEG Fetal monitor ECG Phonocardiography Vector cardiography BP Blood flow Cardiac output Plethysmography Impedance cardiology Cardiac arrhythmias Pacemakers Defibrillators Incubator. Unit III Respiratory and Pulmonary Measurements and Rehabilitation: 15 PERIODS Physiology of respiratory system Respiratory rate measurement Oximeter. Hearing aids Functional neuromuscular simulation Physiotherapy Diathermy Nerve stimulator Patient monitoring systems : Design of Micro controller based Patient Monitoring systems Telemetering multiple information Sources of electrical hazards and safety techniques. Unit IV Recent Trends: 15 PERIODS \Medical imaging Laser applications Ultrasound scanner Echo cardiography Fluoroscopy-CT scan MRI/NMR Cine angiogram Colour Doppler systems Holter monitoring Endoscopy. Text Books: 1. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell and Erich A. Pfeiffer Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements Prentice-Hall of India, 2005. 2. R.S. Kandpur Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation Tata McGraw Hill, 2003. Suggested Readings: 1. John.G.Webster Medical instrumentation Application & Design John Wiley & sons 2001. 2. L.A. Geddes and L.E. Baker Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation John Wiley.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS

: BECCEC505 : MICROPROCESSOR LABORATORY : 02 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

Assembly language programming using 8085: 01. 8 bit & 16 - bit arithmetic operations. 02. Code Conversions Assembly language programming using 8086: 03. Program for sorting and searching. 04. Program for matrix operations. Assembly language programming using 8087: 05. Arithmetic operations. 06. Computing area of circle and triangle. Interfacing Through 8085 Programming: 07. Programming 8255 in various modes. 08. Waveform generation (Saw tooth, Triangular, Staircase etc) using D/A converter. 09. 7 segment displays. Interfacing Through 8086 Programming: 10. A/D converter. 11. Stepper motor. 12. Traffic light control.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS

: BECCEC506 : MICROWAVE LABORATORY : 02

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Reflex Klystron-mode characteristics - Amplitude Modulation. 2. Reflex klystron-mode characteristics Frequency Modulation 3. Gunn diode characteristics and PIN modulation. 4. Impedance measurement. 5. VSWR (low and high) measurements. 6. Characteristics of Isolator and Circulator 7. Horn antenna measurements radiation pattern and gain. 8. Directional coupler directivity and coupling coefficient. 9. E- Plane and H- plane characteristics. 10. Magic Tee characteristics. 11. Attenuator characteristics and power measurement. 12. Relation between free space wavelength and guide wavelength.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS Total Periods

: BECCTP507 : HR SKILLS - III : 01 : 15

Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Details Mock Press Technical Quiz - By students Technical Interview - By Parent Department Staff Aptitude Test - III Case Study on Conflict Resolution Corporate Ethics & Culture - Staff lecture Out of Box Thinking - Exercise End Semester Examinations Total

No. of Classes 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 15

Continuous Internal Assessment - Evaluation System Aptitude Test Technical Quiz Mock Press Attendance Total 20 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks 50 Marks

VI SEMESTER

SCHEME OF STUDIES
S. No. Course Code Course Name Periods Total Periods per week 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Total No. of Credits 5 4 4 4

01. 02. 03. 04. 05.

BECCEC601 BECCEC602 BECCEC603 BECCEC604 BECDEC 601 BECDEC 602 BECDEC 603 BECDEC 604 BECDEC 605

MICROCONTROLLERS DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ANTENNAS AND RADIOWAVE PROPAGATION 1. TELEVISION ENGINEERING 2. SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 3. VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION 4. RTOS 5. NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC (TO CHOOSE ANY TWO COURSES)

L 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

P -

4 4

06. 07. 08.

BECCEC 605 BECCEC 606 BECCTP 607

MICROCONTROLLER LAB COMMUNICATION LAB HR SKILLS Total

1 26

3 3 6

3 3 1 32

2 2 1 30

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC601 : MICROCONTROLLERS : 05 : 05 : 05

UNIT - I : 8051 Microcontroller: 20 PERIODS Introduction to Microcontroller and Microprogramming Comparison of Microcontrollers and Microprocessor Harvard Architecture Detailed Study of INTEL 8051,8052 Architecture Special Function Registers Program and Data Memory Organization Timers Interrupt Handling Oscillator Configuration Parallel Port Architecture Serial Port Architecture and Configuration for Different Modes And Baud Rates Power Saving Modes of Operation and In Circuit Emulation (INCE) Mode Program Memory Lock. UNIT - II : ATmega 8 Microcontroller: 20 PERIODS Features Pin Configurations AVR CPU Core AVR ATmega 8 Memories System Clock and Clock Options Power Management and Sleep Modes System Control and Reset Interrupts External Interrupts I/O Ports Timer / Counter Serial Peripheral Interface USART Analog Comparator A/D Converter Memory Programming. UNIT -III : 8051& ATmega Programming: 18PERIODS Fundamentals of CX51 - Instruction Set of 8051 Addressing Modes Assembly Coding C51 Coding Instruction Set of ATmega 8 Addressing Modes Assembly Coding C Coding Interfacing Applications. UNIT IV : RTX 51 Tiny: 17 PERIODS Introduction to Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS) and Embedded Systems, RTX51 Tiny Task Management Interrupt Management Memory Management Stack Management and Application Debugging RTX51 Tiny System Functions Round Robin Scheduling with RTX51 Applications in RTX51 Tiny. Text Books: 1. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi, 2nd edition, Pearson Education 2006. 2. ATmega 8 Microcontroller User Manual Atmel. Suggested Readings: 1. Myke Predko Programming and Customizing The 8051 Microcontroller Tata McGraw-Hill, 1999. 2. MCS 51 Microcontroller Family User Manual Intel. 3. KEIL RTX 51 Tiny Reference Manual. 4. CX51 Reference Manual.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC602 : DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT I : Discrete Transforms: 15 PERIODS Introduction Review of Z transform Discrete Transforms : Discrete-Time Fourier transform (DTFT), Discrete convolutions Linear, circular and sectioned convolution Discrete Fourier Transform Properties Computational complexity of DFT Frequency analysis of signals using DFT Decimation-in-time, Fast Fourier Transform algorithm, Inverse FFT. UNIT II : Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters: 15 PERIODS

Structures for the realization of discrete time systems Symmetric and antisymmetric FIR filters Design of Linear Phase FIR filters using rectangular, Hanning, Hamming, Blackman and Keiser windows. Design of Linear phase FIR filters by frequency sampling method Optimum equiripple linear phase FIR filter Comparison of design methods for linear phase FIR filter. UNIT III : Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters: 15 PERIODS Review of analog filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev and Elliptic types IIR filter design by impulse invariance method IIR filter by bilinear transformation Frequency transformation in the analog and digital domain. UNIT IV :Finite Word Length Effects in Digital Filters and Multi Rate Signal Processing : 15 PERIODS Representation of numbers Quantisation of filter coefficients Round-off effects in Digital filters. Introduction to multi rate signal processing down sampling upsampling anti imaging filter identities - cascading sample rate converters efficient transversal structure for decimator and interpolator polyphase structures for decimator and interpolator multistage implementation of sampling rate conversion implementation of narrowband low pass filter filter banks. Text Book: 1. John G. Proakis , Dmitris G. Manolakis and sharma Digital Signal ProcessingPrinciples, Algorithms and Applications pearson education , 2006. 2. Chi-TSong-Chen - Digital Signal Processing Oxford Press, 2001.

Suggested Readings: 1. Sanjit K. Mitra DSP, A Computer Based Approach McGraw Hill,3rd edition 2007. 2. N.Kesavamurthy and S.Narayana Iyer Digital Signal Processing- Jaico publishing , 2006. 3. S.V.Narasimhan and S.Veena Signal Processing principles and implementation Narosa publishing house,2005. 4. Oppenheim and Schaffer Discrete Time Signal Processing 2nd ed., PHI, 2004. 5. B.P.lathi Signal Processing and linear systems Oxford university press 2004. 6. Paulo S.R.Dimiz, Eduarado A.B.da silva and Sergio L.Netto Cambridge University press, 2003.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECCEC 603 : DIGITAL COMMUNICATION : 04 : 04 : 04

UNIT-I : Introduction to Digital Communication: 15 PERIODS Basic concepts of digital communication Linear system impulse response-transfer function - distortionless transmission - ideal filter baseband and passband Bandwidth dilemma - white noise Power Spectral Density. Sampling theorem-Nyquist criteria-impulse sampling-natural sampling-sample and hold operation aliasing oversampling - quantization-signal to noise ratio of quantized pulse Pulse Code Modulation - uniform and non uniform quantization - companding(A-law and -law) UNIT-II : Baseband Transmission and Detection: 15 PERIODS PCM waveform types - PCM word size - M-ary pulse modulation waveform. Detection: Baseband signal receiver - integrate and dump receiver - Peak signal to RMS noise output voltage ratio - probability of error - optimum filter - transfer function - white noise matched filter - correlators. Inter Symbol Interference: Ideal Nyquist channel - pulse shaping - raised cosine filter duo binary signaling - decoding - precoding. UNIT - III : Bandpass Modulation and Demodulation: 15 PERIODS Amplitude Shift Keying, Phase Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying - Quadrature Phase Shift Keying - Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, Differential PSK. Coherent detection techniques for PSK,QPSK,FSK,QAM-Non coherent detection techniques Differential PSK, FSK-quantitative analysis- spectrum analysis- generation and detection- probability of bit error. M-ary Modulation:signaling and performance- M-ary signaling, Vectorial view of MPSK, MFSK. Bit error probability versus symbol error probability. UNIT - IV :Multiplexing and Multiple Access: 15 PERIODS Allocation of the communications resource-frequency division multiplexing/multiple access, time division multiplexing/multiple access, communication resource channelization-performance comparison of FDMA and TDMA-code division multiple access (CDMA). Multiple access communication system and architecture-multiple access information flow, Demand Assignment Multiple Access- access algorithms-ALOHA- slotted ALOHA. Text Book: 1. B. Sklar-Digital Communication-Pearson education India, 2nd ed., 2006.

Suggested Readings: 1. J.G.Prokias Digital Communication Mcgraw hill, 2003. 2. Simon Haykin-Digital Communication-John Wiley, 2005. 3. Marvin.K.Simon,sami M.Hinedi, William C.Lindsey, Digital communication Techniques signal design and detection, Prentice Hall, 1995. 4. Taub, H; Schilling .D.L Principles of Communication Systems 2nd ed., McGraw Hill,1991. 5. Dr.K.N. Hari Bhat,Dr. D. Ganesh rao Digital communications Sanguine publications. 6. B.P. Lathi Principles of Analog and Digital Communication Oxford Publication 1991.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME

: BECCEC 604 : ANTENNAS AND RADIOWAVE PROPAGATION LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK : 04 TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK : 04 CREDITS : 04 UNIT I: Basic Antenna Concepts: 15 PERIODS Introduction-Antenna parameters: directivity, gain, resolution, aperture efficiency-Friis transmission formula Sources of radiation, Antenna field zones power patterns: isotropic and doughnut-field patterns and phase patterns - General equation for the field of a point source. Radiation from an ac element- radiation resistance. UNIT-II: Electric Dipole, Thin Linear and Loop Antennas: 15 PERIODS The short electric dipole The fields of a short electric dipole Radiation resistance thin linear antenna Fields of a thin linear antenna with a uniform traveling wave The small loop the short magnetic dipole- far fields Comparison of far fields of small loop and short dipole UNIT-III : Antenna Arrays and Special Antennas: 15 PERIODS Point sources arrays of two isotropic point sources, linear arrays of n-isotropic point sources of equal amplitude and spacing Broadside arrays End-fire arrays pattern multiplication Linear broadside arrays with non uniform amplitude distribution Continuous arrays Concept of phased arrays - frequency scanning arrays and adaptive arrays- Yagi-uda, Loop, Helical, Reflector,Horn, Lens and Slot antennae - Broadband and frequency independent antennas (qualitative study only). UNIT - IV : Radiowave Propagation and Measurements: 15 PERIODS Types of radiowave propagation- atmospheric effects on radio propagation on Sea and Land radio refractive index duct propagation ionospheric effects on radiowaves critical frequency, skip distance and maximum usable frequency fading of signals diversity reception- measurement of antenna impedance and radiation pattern ionospheric measurements. Text Books: 1. John D.Kraus Antennas for all applications 3rd Edition Tata Mcgraw-Hill , 2001. 2. Edward C. Jordan and K.G.Balmain Electromagnetic waves and radiating systems, PHI,1997.

Suggested Readings : 1. Drabowitch.S, Papiernik. A, Griffiths .H.D , Encinas . J, Smith. B.L Modern Antennas, Springer(India) pvt Ltd, 2007. 2. Constantine A.Balanis Antenna Theory : Analysis and design, John Wiley & sons, 3rd Edition,2006. 3. G.S.N.Raju, Antenna and Wave Propagation, Pearson,2005. 4. Merril.I.Skolnik Introduction to Radar Systems Mcgraw hill Higher education, 3rd edition,2001. COURSE CODE : BECDEC601 COURSE NAME : TELEVISION ENGINEERING LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK : 04 TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK : 04 CREDITS : 04 UNIT - I: Basic Television System and Monochrome T.V. Cameras: 14 PERIODS Sound and picture transmission Scanning process Interlaced scanning Composite video signal VSB transmission Channel BW Television standards. T.V. Cameras : Principles of working and constructional details of Image orthicon Vidicon Plumbicon Silicon diode array vidicon Solid state image scanners. Block schematic study of a typical T.V. Transmitter. UNIT - II : Monochrome Picture Tube and Receivers: 16 PERIODS

Picture tube: Monochrome picture tube principles Picture tube characteristics Picture tube control circuits Gamma correction. Television Receiver : Television receiver block diagram Antenna RF section Vestigial side band correction Video IF Amplifier Video detector- video amplifierpicture tube controls-sound section-sync processing and AFC circuit vertical and horizontal deflection circuits ETH generation-Remote control and special circuits Types of tuning picture tube boosters- Automatic brightness control Instant on circuitry. UNIT - III: Colour Television: 15 PERIODS

Colour fundamentals Principles of additive and subtractive colour mixing Chromaticity diagram Transmission and reception of colour television signal Generation of RGB signals Compatibility of monochrome and colour television BW for colour signal transmission Subcarrier Modulation of chrominance signals.Study of encoder and decoder of NTSC, PAL, and SECAM Television systems. Study of Delta-gun picture tube, Precision-in-line (P.I.L.) colour picture tube and Trinitron picture tube Convergence techniques. UNIT - IV : Television Applications and Modern Television: 15 PERIODS Teletext Introduction to Satellite TV Basic Principles of CCTV Cable TV Video conferencing Video test signals Video compression techniques Digital TV MAC 3D TV HDTV.

Display systems: Thin Film Transistor (TFT), Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), Plasma TV, and Touch Sensitive Screen (TSS) Text Book: 1. R.R. Gulati Monochrome and Colour Television New Age International (P) Ltd. 2nd Ed, 2006.

Suggested Readings: 1. R.R. Gulati Modern Television Practice : Principles Technology and servicing New Age International (P) Ltd. 2nd Ed , 2006. 2. Arvind M. Dhake Television and Video Engineering 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw - Hill, 2005 3. Michael Robin and Michael Poulin Digital Television Fundamentals,Tata McGra-Hill, second edition, 2000. 4. Gunn M. Glasford Fundamentals of Television Engineering TM Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1998. 5. S.P. Bali Colour Television theory and practice TMH, 1994.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECDEC602 : SATELLITE COMMUNICATION : 04 : 04 : 04

Unit I : Satellite Orbits and Launching: 15 PERIODS Introduction Active and passive satellites Frequency allocation Types of orbits Keplers laws Orbital elements Orbit period and velocity Look angles and slant range Orbital perturbations Station keeping. Rocket propulsion Launch vehicles Multi stage vehicles Launch sequence Testing and facilities. Unit II: Space Segments: 15 PERIODS Block diagram Communication satellite configuration Subsystems Power supply Attitude control TT and C-Transponder Reliability Common antenna types Spot beams Dual polarization Frequency re-use. Unit III: Earth Segment: 15 PERIODS Block diagram Earth station site selection G/T and Measurement Antenna types HPA, LNA and redundancy configurations Up and down converters Reliability Monitoring and control TVRO Transmit and receive types VSAT Mobile and transportable Earth stations Link design Up and down links. Unit IV :Access Techniques: 15 PERIODS Multiple access techniques FDMA, SS-FDMA, FDM-FM-FDMA, TDMA, SS-TDMA, DAMA, SPADE systems Spread spectrum techniques CDMA Packet satellite communication ALOHA schemes Pure, slotted finite population, controlled and Rpacket satellite networks. Text Books: 1. M. Richharia Mobile Satellite Communication Pearson Education, 2003. 2. Dennis Roddy Satellite Communications Prentice Hall, (2/e) Tata McGraw Hill, 2001. Suggested Readings: 1. T. Pratt and G.W`. Bostion Satellite Communications John Wiley and Sons, 2001. 2. Tri T.Ha Digital Satellite Communication Macmillan Publishing Co. and Collier Macmillan Publishers and Tata McGraw Hill, 2000. 3. G.H. Lewis Communication Services Vs Satellite (2/e), Butterworth Heinemann Ltd., 1992.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME LECTURE PERIODS PER WEEK TOTAL PERIODS PER WEEK CREDITS

: BECDEC 603 : VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION : 04 : 04 : 04 12 PERIODS

UNIT-I: Review of Virtual Instrumentation:

Historical perspective Advantages- Block diagram and architecture of virtual instrument - Data-flow techniques - Graphical programming in data flow - Comparison with conventional programming. UNIT-II: Graphical Programming Environment in Virtual Instrumentation: 15 PERIODS VI programming techniques: VIs and sub-VIs Functions - Loops Graphs and charts Arrays and Clusters - Case and sequence structures - Formula node - Local and global variables- String and file I/O. Data acquisition Basics: ADC, DAC - AIO, DIO - counters & timers- PC hardware structure Timing Interrupts DMA - Software and hardware installation. UNIT-III: Instrument interfaces in VI System: 15 PERIODS

Common instrument interfaces: current loop - RS232 /RS 485 GPIB System buses Interface buses USB PCMCIA VXI SCXI PXI - Networking basics for office & Industrial applications - VISA and IVI - Image acquisition and Motion control. UNIT -IV: Analysis Tools and Applications: 18 PERIODS Use of analysis tools : Fourier transforms - Power spectrum - Correlation methods Windowing & filtering - Lab VIEW designs - Simple temperature indicator- FFT and Digital filtering - Signal convolution -Digital image processing - Image properties Image Histogram- Color Image Processing Realization of Analog and Digital modulation techniques. Text Book: 1. Jeffrey Travis LabVIEW for Everyone, Prentice Hall(PTR), 2002. Suggested Readings: 1. Robert H. Bishop, Learning with Lab-view, Prentice Hall, 2003. 2. Sarp Erturk Digital Image Processing, National Instruments, February 2003 Edition, Part Number 323604A-01. 3. Gary W. Johnson, Richard Jennings Lab-view Graphical Programming, McGraw -Hill Professional Publishing, 2001. 4. LAB VIEW User Manual, National Instruments, July 2000 Edition, Part Number 320999C-01. 5. LAB VIEW Measurements Manual, National Instruments, July 2000 Edition, Part Number 322661A-01.

6. S. Gupta and J.P Gupta, PC Interfacing for Data Acquisition and Process Control, Instrument society of America, 1994. COURSE CODE : BECDEC604 COURSE NAME : RTOS LECTURE PERIOD PER WEEK : 04 TOTAL PERIOD PER WEEK : 04 CREDITS : 04 UNIT I: Fundamentals of OS and RTOS: 15 PERIODS

Operating system Basics- Difference between OS & RTOS- Features of OS - Computer RISC architecture (CRA) organization - system call and interface - information and meta information - devices as files - process concepts.Characteristics of RTOS & its types key characteristics of RTOS - concurrency Vs parallelism - scheduling algorithm (roundrobin ,Pre-emptive priority)- Inter Process Communication(IPC): tasks - tasks states operation - task structure - semaphores (binary, counting, & mutex) - message queues pipes event signal - conditional variables pseudo codes for IPC objects -critical session - deadlocks and its avoidance -Timing management : Real time clock PIT -, Timer ISR - software Timer. UNIT II: Real Time Memory Management: 13 PERIODS

Process Stack Management: TCB - Managing stack run time ring buffer - maximum stack size -multiple stack arrangements - TCB model. Dynamic Memory allocation: Swapping Overlays - MFT MVT - Demand Paging Replacement Algorithm - Memory locking - Working set - RT Garbage collections -Contiguous file systems. UNIT III: Exceptions and Interrupts: 15 PERIODS

Introduction definitions - polled loop systems applications PIC - Exception classification priorities - processing: Installing handlers -saving processor status -loading and invoking handlers -nested exceptions and stack overflow handlers - ESR Vs ISR -execution timing -spurious interrupts. Basic Design using RTOS: Overview, principles, Design example: underground tank monitoring system. UNIT IV: Study of RTX51 & Its Programming: 17 PERIODS RTX 51 overview - programming concepts - study of function calls - simple codes using RTX51 function calls. Suggested Readings: 1. Qing Li, Real time Concepts for Embedded Systems , CMP Books, 2003. 2. Phillips A.Laplante, Real-Time Systems design and analysis, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

3. Charles Crowley, Operating Systems-A Designed Oriented Approach, McGraw-Hill,2005. 4. David E.Simon, An Embedded Software Primer, Pearson Education, 2000. 5. RTX-51 users Guide. COURSE CODE : BECDEC 605 COURSE NAME : NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC LECTURE PERIOD PER WEEK : 04 TOTAL PERIOD PER WEEK : 04 CREDITS : 04 Unit I Introduction to ANS and Perceptions: 15 PERIODS Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems (ANS) Single Neuron Physiology Synaptic Junction Neural circuits and computation Hebbian learning General processing element Vector formulation Perceptron. Back propagation network Approach Operation Generalized Delta rule Update of output layer weights Updates of hidden layer weights Training data Network sizing Weights and learning parameters. Unit II Multilayered ANS Architectures: 15 PERIODS Associative memory definitions Hamming distance Linear associator BAM architecture BAM processing BAM mathematics BAM energy function Hopfield memory Discrete model Continuous model Traveling salesperson problem. Simulated annealing Annealing real and simulated Boltzmann machine Basic architecture and processing Learning in Boltzmann machines. Counter propagation network CPN building blocks Input layer Instar Competitive networks Outstar Forwarding mapping Training CPN Complete CPN. Unit III Introduction to Fuzzy Sets: 15 PERIODS Fuzzy sets Fuzzy set operations Properties of fuzzy sets Sets as points in hyper cubes Cardinality of fuzzy relations Operations on fuzzy relations Properties of fuzzy relations Fuzzy Cartesian product and composition Fuzzy tolerance and equivalence relations Value assignments Cosine amplitude Max-min method Other similarity methods Membership functions Features of membership functions Standard forms and boundaries Fuzzification Membership value assignment Intuition Inference Rank ordering Angular fuzzy sets. Unit IV Fuzzy Operations and Logic: 15 PERIODS Fuzzy to crisp conversions - cuts for fuzzy sets cuts for fuzzy relations Defuzzification methods. Extension principles Functions of Fuzzy sets Fuzzy transform (Mapping) Practical considerations Fuzzy numbers Interval analysis in arithmetic Approximate methods of extension Vertex method DSW algorithm Restricted DSW algorithm C0mparisons Fuzzy vectors.

Fuzzy logic Approximate reasoning Fuzzy tautologies Contradictions Equivalence Logical proofs Other forms of the implications operation Other forms of the composition operation.

Text Books: 1. James A. Freeman and David M. Skapura Neural Networks Addison Wesley, 2007. 2. Timorthy J. Ross Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications McGraw Hill Inc., 2000. Suggested Readings: 1. J.A. Zurada Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems Jaico Books, 2006. 2. Driankov Fuzzy Control Narosa Publications, India, 2001.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: Programs using 8051 :

: BECCEC 605 : MICROCONTROLLER LABORATORY : 02

01. a) Basic arithmetic operations. b) Look-up table implementation using Program counter and Data Pointer as Base address. 02. a) Square wave generation. b) Pulse width measurement. 03. RS-232 Interface. 04. On-chip peripheral simulation (also using scripts). 05. Liquid Crystal Display interface. Programs Using RTX51 Tiny: 06. Round Robin Multitasking. 07. Traffic Light Control system. Programs using ATmega8: 08. Basic Operations 09. Program using Timers and counters 10. Program using Interrupts.

11. Serial Peripheral interface. 12. ADC interface.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS

: BECCEC606 : COMMUNICATION LABORATORY : 02

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: 01.a) Measurement of modulation index of Amplitude Modulation. b) Envelope detector. 02. a)FM wave generation b)FM demodulation using PLL. 03. Generation of PAM, PWM, PPM. 04. Implementation of a correlator. 05. Implementation of a Matched Filter. 6. Testing of TDM. 7. Carrier Recovery from a QPSK Signal. 8. Detection of a symbol in spite of ISI using Duobinary coding. 9. Manchester Coding, Decoding and Clock Recovery. 10. Implementation of DPSK, QPSK, ASK, FSK,QAM communication link. 11. Implementation of CDMA. 12. Propagation loss and Bending loss measurements in optical fiber.

COURSE CODE COURSE NAME CREDITS TOTAL PERIODS

: BECCTP 607 : HR SKILLS - IV : 01 : 15 No. of Classes 1 1 1 3 4 3 2 Total 15

Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Details Employers' Expectation - staff lecture Selection Process - Staff lecture Resume Writing - Preparation - staff lecture Group Discussion Mock Interview Aptitude Test - IV End Semester Examinations

Continuous Internal Assessment - Evaluation System Resume Writing Aptitude test Mock Interview Group Discussion Attendance Total 10 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks 50 Marks