Of
S.No.
TOPIC To find the root of Algebraic Equation using Bisection Method. To find the root of Transcendental Eqn using Bisection Method. To find the root of Algebraic Equation using Regula-Falsi Method. To find the root of Transcendental Eqn using Regula-Falsi Method. To find the root of Algebraic Equation using Newton-Raphson Method. To find the root of Transcendental Eqn using Newton-Raphson Method. To find the solution of Simultaneous Equations using Gauss Elimination Method. To find the solution of Simultaneous Equations using Gauss Jordon Method. To find the value of f(x) from the given data using Lagranges Interpolation Method. To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn using Eular Method. To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn using Runge- Kutta Method of 2nd Order.
Page No.
Signature
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
15-17
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18-21
9.
22-24
10.
25-27
11.
28-29
S.No.
TOPIC To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn using Runge- Kutta Method of 4th order To fit the straight line (y=ax+ b) on given data using method of least squares. Fit the Curve ( y=ax2 +bx +c ) on given data using method of least squares To fit the Exponential Curve(y=aebx)on given data using method of least squares.
Page No.
Signature
12.
30-31
13.
14.
15.
Aim Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> float f(float x); int p,q,r,s,n; void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^3:"; cin>>p; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^2:"; cin>>q; cout<<"enter the coff. of x:"; cin>>r; cout<<"enter the constant term:"; cin>>s; for(int i=-15;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(f(b)<f(a)) {temp=a; a=b; b=temp; } cout<<"\n"<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { c=(b+a)/2; cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<c<<"\t"<<f(c)<<endl; if(f(c)<0) a=c; else b=c; } } } getch(); } float f(float x) { return(p*x*x*x+q*x*x+r*x+s); }
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Que: Find Solution of Algebraic Eqn x3+x2-3x-3=0 using Bisection Method. OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
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Que: Find Solution of Algebraic Eqn x3-3x2-x+8=0 using Bisection Method. OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
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Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> float f(float x); void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; int n; for(int i=0;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(f(b)<f(a)) {temp=a; a=b; b=temp; } cout<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { c=(b+a)/2; cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<c<<"\t"<<f(c)<<endl; if(f(c)<0) a=c; else b=c; } } } getch(); } float f(float x) { return(3*(x)-cos(x)-1);
}
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Que OUTPUT
ANSWER:
Solution of 3x-cosx-1=0 is x=0.607086 (Correct up to 3
decimal places)
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Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> float f(float x); int p,q,r,s,n; void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^3:"; cin>>p; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^2:"; cin>>q; cout<<"enter the coff. of x:"; cin>>r; cout<<"enter the constant term:"; cin>>s; for(int i=-10;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(f(b)<f(a)) {temp=a; a=b; b=temp; } cout<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { c=a-((b-a)*f(a)/(f(b)-f(a))); cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<c<<"\t"<<f(c)<<endl; if(f(c)<0) a=c; else b=c; } } } getch(); }
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7
float f(float x) { return(p*x*x*x+q*x*x+r*x+s); }
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OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
Solution of
4x3+5x2-7=0
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Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> float f(float x); void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; int n; for(int i=-10;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(f(b)<f(a)) {temp=a; a=b; b=temp; } cout<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { c=a-((b-a)*f(a)/(f(b)-f(a))); cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<c<<"\t"<<f(c)<<endl; if(f(c)<0) a=c; else b=c; } } } getch(); } float f(float x) { return(x+sin(x)-1);
}
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10
Que
OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
Solution of x+sin(x)-1=0 is x=0.510973
(Correct upto six decimal places)
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11
Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> float f(float x); float f1(float x); int p,q,r,s,n; void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^3:"; cin>>p; cout<<"enter the coff. of x^2:"; cin>>q; cout<<"enter the coff. of x:"; cin>>r; cout<<"enter the constant term:"; cin>>s; for(int i=-15;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(abs(f(b))<abs(f(a))) a=b; cout<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { a=a-(f(a)/f1(a)); cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<a<<"\t"<<f(a)<<endl; } } } getch(); } float f(float x) { return(p*x*x*x+q*x*x+r*x+s); } float f1(float x) { return(3*p*x*x+2*q*x+r);
}
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12
Answer:
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13
Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h > #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> float f(float x); float f1(float x); void main() { clrscr(); float a,b,c,d,temp; int n; for(int i=0;i<10;i++) { a=i; b=i+1; if((f(a)*f(b))<0) { if(abs(f(b))<abs(f(a))) a=b; cout<<"enter the no. of iteration:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { a=a-(f(a)/f1(a)); cout<<"\n"<<i+1<<"iteration"<<"\t"<<a<<"\t"<<f(a)<<endl; } } } getch(); } float f(float x) { return(cos(x)-(x*exp(x))); } float f1(float x) { return(-sin(x)-x*exp(x)-exp(x)); }
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14
Answer:
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15
Aim
Program :
#include<stdio.h> #include<iostream.h> #include<iomanip.h> #include<math.h> #include<conio.h> #define n 3 main() { float a[n][n+1],x[n],t,s; int i,j,k; cout<<"enter the elements of the augmented matrix row wise "<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) for(j=0;j<n+1;j++) cin>>a[i][j]; for(j=0;j<n-1;j++) for(i=j+1;i<n;i++) { t=a[i][j]/a[j][j]; for(k=0;k<n+1;k++) a[i][k] -=a[j][k]*t; } cout<<"the upper triangular matrix is:-"<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { for(j=0;j<n+1;j++) cout<<setw(8)<<setprecision(4)<<a[i][j]; cout<<endl; } for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--) { s=0; for(j=i+1;j<n;j++) s += a[i][j]*x[j]; x[i]=(a[i][n]-s)/a[i][i]; } cout<<"the solution is:-"<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) cout<<"x["<<setw(3)<<i+1<<"]"<<setw(7)<<setprecision(4)<<x[i]<<e ndl; return 0; } www.facebook.com/Gurjinder.Romana www.facebook.com/PTUGZS
16
Que : Find the solution of following eqn by Gauss Elimination method 4x1+4x2+6x3 = 1 4x1+6x2+4x3 = 2 x1+2x2+3x3 = 1
OUTPUT:
Answer:
Solution of Eqns is
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17
Que : Find the solution of following eqn by Gauss Elimination method 4x1+3x2+9x3 =-2 7x1+2x2-2x3 = 5 x1+4x2+2x3 = 3
OUTPUT:
Answer:
Solution of Eqns is
x1= 0.2308 x2= 1.026 x3= -0.6667
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18
Aim
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> #include<process.h> void main () { clrscr(); int i,j,q,c; float a[3][3],b[3],temp,k,d; cout<<"enter the values of matrix A|B (row wise):"<<endl; for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { cin>>a[i][j]; } cin>>b[i]; } for(q=0;q<3;q++) { i=q; temp=a[i][i]; if(temp==0) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { d=a[i][j];a[i][j]=a[i+1][j];a[i+1][j]=d; } d=b[i];b[i]=b[i+1];b[i+1]=d; } temp=a[i][i]; for(j=0;j<3;j++) { a[i][j]=a[i][j]/temp; } b[i]=b[i]/temp; for(i=0;i<3;i++) www.facebook.com/Gurjinder.Romana www.facebook.com/PTUGZS
19 { if(i!=q) { k=a[i][q]; for(j=0;j<3;j++) { a[i][j]=a[i][j]-k*a[q][j]; } b[i]=b[i]-k*b[q]; } } } cout<<endl<<"the matrix A|B will become :"<<endl; for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { cout<<" "<<a[i][j]; } cout<<" "<<b[i]<<endl; } cout<<"X= "<<b[0]<<endl; cout<<"Y= "<<b[1] <<endl; cout<<"Z= "<<b[2] <<endl; getch(); }
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20
Que : Find the solution of following eqn by Gauss Jordan method 2x+3y+z = 9 x+2y+3z = 6 3x+y+2z = 8 OUTPUT:
Answer:
Solution is X = 1.944 Y = 1.611 Z = 0.277
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21
Que : Find the solution of following eqn by Gauss Jordan method 2x-3y+10z = 3 -x+4y+2z = 20 5x+2y+z =-12 OUTPUT:
Answer:
Solution is X =-4 Y = 3 Z = 2
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22
Aim
: To find the value of f(x) from the given data using Lagranges Interpolation Method.
Program :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> int main() { int n,i,j; float mult,sum=0,x[10],f[10],a; cout<<"Enter no of sample points : "; cin>>n; cout<<"Enter all values of x and corresponding funtional value: "<<endl; cout<<"x f(x)"<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) cin>>x[i]>>f[i]; cout<<"\nEnter your x for calculation : "; cin>>a; for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++) { mult=1; for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++) { if(j!=i) mult*=(a-x[j])/(x[i]-x[j]); } sum+=mult*f[i]; } cout<<"The estimated value of f(x) = "<<sum<<endl; getch(); return 0; }
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23
OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
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24
Que : Find the value of f(6) from the given data using
Lagranges Interpolation Method.
x y 1 1 2 5 7 5 8 4
OUTPUT:
ANSWER:
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25
Aim Program
: To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn (dy/dx = 2x+3y) using Eular Method. :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> float d1(float x,float y); void main() { double x0,xg,h,y0,yg; float n; int i; clrscr(); cout<<"enter the value cin>>x0; cout<<"enter the value cin>>y0; cout<<"enter the value cin>>xg; cout<<"enter the value cin>>h; n= (xg-x0)/h; cout<<"\n"<<"
for(i=0;i<n;i++) { yg=y0+h*d1(x0,y0); x0=x0+h; y0=yg; cout<<" the value of y("<<x0<<") ="<<y0<<endl; } getch(); } float d1(float x,float y) { return((2*x)-(3*y)); }
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26
OUTPUT:
Answer:
value of y at 1.4 = 0.711475
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27
OUTPUT:
Answer:
value of y at 0.5 = 1.00599
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28
Aim
: To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn (dy/dx = x2+y2)using Runge- Kutta Method of 2nd Order. :
Program
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> float d1(float x,float y); void main() { double x0,xg,h,y0,yg,k1,k2,k; float n; int i; clrscr(); cout<<"enter the value of x0:"; cin>>x0; cout<<"enter the value of y0:"; cin>>y0; cout<<"enter the value of x :"; cin>>xg; cout<<"enter the value of h :"; cin>>h; n= (xg-x0)/h; cout<<"/n"<<"the value of n is :"<<n<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { k1=h*d1(x0,y0); k2=h*d1(x0+h,y0+k1); k=(k1+k2)/2; yg=y0+k; x0=x0+h; y0=yg; cout<<" The value of y("<<x0<<") ="<<y0<<endl; } getch(); } float d1(float x,float y) { return((x*x*x)/(2*y)); } www.facebook.com/Gurjinder.Romana www.facebook.com/PTUGZS
29
Que: Find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn (dy/dx = x3/2y),y(0)=1 using Runge-Kutta Method of 2nd Order at 0.5? OUTPUT:
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30
Aim Program
: To find the solution of Ordinary Differential Eqn dy/dx = x + y2 using Runge- Kutta Method. :
#include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> float d1(float x,float y); void main() { double x0,xg,h,y0,yg,k1,k2,k3,k4,k; float n; int i; clrscr(); cout<<"enter the value of x0:"; cin>>x0; cout<<"enter the value of y0:"; cin>>y0; cout<<"enter the value of x:"; cin>>xg; cout<<"enter the value of h:"; cin>>h; n= (xg-x0)/h; cout<<"\n"<<" the value of n is :"<<n<<endl; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { k1=h*d1(x0,y0); k2=h*d1(x0+(h/2),y0+(k1/2)); k3=h*d1(x0+h/2,y0+k2/2); k4=h*d1(x0+h,y0+k3); k=(k1+2*k2+2*k3+k4)/6; yg=y0+k; x0=x0+h; y0=yg; cout<<" } getch(); } float d1(float x,float y) { return(x+(y*y)); } the value of y("<<x0<<") ="<<y0<<endl;
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31
OUTPUT:
Answer:
The value of y at x = 0.4 is 1.78935
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32
Aim
: To fit the straight line (y=ax+ b) on given data using method of least squares.
Program :
#include<iostream.h > #include<conio.h> void main() { clrscr(); float x[10],y[10],s1=0,s2=0,s3=0,s4=0,a,b; int i,n; cout<<"Enter the number of values:"; cin>>n; for( i=0;i< n;i++) { cout<<"x"<<i<<"="; cin>>x[i]; cout<<"y"<<i<<"="; cin>>y[i]; } for( i=0;i<n;i++) { s1=s1+x[i]; s2=s2+y[i]; s3=s3+x[i]*y[i]; s4=s4+x[i]*x[i]; } a=(s1*s2-n*s3)/(s1*s1-n*s4); b=(s4*s2-s1*s3)/(n*s4-s1*s1); cout<<endl<<"Y= "<<a<<" X + "<<b; getch(); }
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33
OUTPUT:
Answer:
Eqn of straight line is Y=-3.77143 X + 20.2667
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34
OUTPUT:
Answer:
Eqn of straight line is Y=1.45 X + 6.24
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35
Aim Program
: To fit the Curve ( y=ax2 +bx +c ) on given data using method of least squares. :
#include<iostream.h > #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> void main() { clrscr(); float x[10],y[10],a[3][3],b[3], k,temp ; float s1=0,s2=0,s3=0,s4=0,s5=0,s6=0,s7=0; int n,q,i,j; cout<<"Enter the number of values:"; cin>>n; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { cout<<"x"<<i<<"="; cin>>x[i]; cout<<"y"<<i<<"="; cin>>y[i]; } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { s1=s1+x[i]; s3=s3+y[i]; s2=s2+x[i]*x[i]; s4=s4+x[i]*x[i]*x[i]; s5=s5+x[i]*x[i]*x[i]*x[i]; s6=s6+x[i]*y[i]; s7=s7+x[i]*x[i]*y[i]; } a[0][0]=n; a[0][1]=s1; a[0][2]=s2; b[0]=s3; a[1][0]=s1; a[1][1]=s2; a[1][2]=s4; b[1]=s6; a[2][0]=s2; a[2][1]=s4; a[2][2]=s5; b[2]=s7; for(q=0;q<3;q++) { i=q; www.facebook.com/Gurjinder.Romana
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36 temp=a[i][i]; for(j=0;j<3;j++) {a[i][j]=a[i][j]/temp; } b[i]=b[i]/temp; for(i=0;i<3;i++) { if(i!=q) { k=a[i][q]; for(j=0;j<3;j++) { a[i][j]=a[i][j]-k*a[q][j]; } b[i]=b[i]-k*b[q]; } } } cout<<"Y = ("<<b[2]<<")X^2 + ("<<b[1]<<")X + ("<<b[0]<<")"<<endl; getch(); }
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37
OUTPUT:
Answer:
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38
OUTPUT:
Answer:
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39
Aim
: To fit the Exponential Curve(y=aebx)on given data using method of least squares.
Program :
#include<iostream.h > #include<conio.h> #include<math.h> void main() { clrscr(); float x[10],y[10],s1=0,s2=0,s3=0,s4=0,a1,b1,a,b; int n; cout<<"Enter the number of values:"; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { cout<<"x"<<i<<"="; cin>>x[i]; cout<<"y"<<i<<"="; cin>>y[i]; } for( i=0;i<n;i++) { s1=s1+x[i]; s2=s2+log(y[i]); s3=s3+x[i]*x[i]; s4=s4+x[i]*log(y[i]); } a1=(s3*s2-s1*s4)/(n*s3-s1*s1); b1=(s1*s2-n*s4)/(s1*s1-n*s3); a= exp(a1); b=b1; cout<<"Y= ("<<a<<")e^("<<b<<")X"<<endl; getch(); }
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40
OUTPUT:
Answer:
Solution is Y=157.282e-0.0473462X .
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