Re: What is Web dynpro?

Answer #1 dynamic programming providing clear separation between Business Logic and Diaplay Logic
Is This Answer Correct ?

37 Yes 9 No 1 Raj Re: What is Web dynpro? Answer #2 This question can be answered in 2 ways. 1) From a technological point of view, SAPs Web Dynpro for Java and ABAP is a revolutionary step in the development of web-based user interfaces. It is completely unlike any design paradigm ever used by SAP before and represents a quantum leap in the development of web-based, ERP applications 2) A Programming Model for User Interfaces Defines a standard structure for user interface applications Derived from the MVC (model-view-controller) design pattern A Set of Tools for User Interface Design Focus on graphical modelling Code is generated from meta-model declarations Integrated in SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio and the ABAP Workbench A Runtime Environment for Applications Framework running on SAPWeb AS server offers common services A Technology for Software Modularization Components help structure applications and support pattern-based UIs Where can I find further information about Web Dynpro ABAP? Answer: The following resources are available on SDN (SAP Developer Network): Forum: http://forums.sdn.sap.com/forum.jspa?forumID=249 Areas: https//www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/webdynpro https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/webdynpro? rid=/webcontent/uuid/512040e1-0901-0010-769c-c238c6ca35d9 Documentation: http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/7c/3545415ea6f523e10000000a15510 6/frameset.htm

Do blogs exist that provide information about Web Dynpro ABAP? Answer: Yes. Information is available on SDN at: http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/weblogs?blog=/weblogs/topic/43 As of which release is Web Dynpro ABAP available? Answer: Web Dynpro ABAP is available as of NetWeaver 2004s (7.00). I have installed Basis Release 6.40, and this release contains development objects of Web Dynpro ABAP. Do I have the option to use Web Dynpro ABAP on this release? Answer: Web Dynpro ABAP is not released for Release 6.40. For more information, see Note 751611. After I implement Note 986790 to solve shared memory problems, JavaScript errors occur when I execute Web Dynpro applications. Answer: Deimplement Note 986790. Implementing this note causes the problems described. With complex screens, the application suddenly stops working correctly. What could be the cause? Answer: If UI container elements are nested in Web Dynpro views (for example, five tabs within each other), it leads to very high nesting depths of the HTML rendering tag. As of a depth of approximately 100, the browser stalls, because it cannot process such deep hierarchies. The solution is to simplify the views by decreasing the nesting depth. Web Dynpro does not provide for a generic simplification. Where can I find a list of limitations for Web Dynpro ABAP? Answer: Note 1098009 describes the limitations that currently apply. . What is the difference between narrowing cast and widening cast? If we copy an instance of sub class to super class its called narrowing cast and the vise versa of it is widening cast. 2. Is model used in Webdynpro ABAP? The webdynpro ABAP Graphical tool set doesnt give any option to create model. We can define a class in transaction SE24 and the instance of that class can be used as model within the Wedbynpro code. 3. What are the different ways of getting data from a table and pass it to Webdynpro context node? a. select the data to an internal table and pass it to the node using bind table method b. use a model class instance to get data c. use the service call option provided by webdynpro framework 4. What is the Service call option in Webdynpro ABAP? Webdynpro ABAP Graphical toolset gives a wizard which automatically generates the code for calling a BAPI or Web service. This wizard will create a custom controller which has context nodes or attributes similar to the parameters

of BAPI and a method which calls the bapi and pass the value to the context. We only need to use this custom controller within another controller, map the context and call the method. 5. What is an Application? An application forms as the link between a component and URL. 6. What is a faceless component? Faceless components are webdynpro components without window or view 7. In case of a component used within a component, how does parent component communicate to child component? Parent component communicate with the child component through Interface controller and Interface view of the child component. 8. Interface View of a component has 1:1 relationship with ..? The window of the component 9. What are actions in a view controller? The methods that can be linked to the UI elements of a view are called actions. 10. What is role of plugs in views? Plugs in views help the navigation between views. Navigation happens through the link created between outbound plug of a view to the inbound plug of next view. Posted by SAP Next at 5:16 PM Labels: Interview, Webdynpro ABAP

Monday, November 17, 2008

What is the difference between Narrowing cast and Widening cast in ABAP OOPS?
Narrowing cast means copying an instance of sub class to an instance of super class. For example: Car is super class and race car is a sub class of car. Race car has all the parameters as car and some more parameters. Think of a scenario were we have an instance of race car, but we dont need all the parameters of race car, only some basic parameters are required. In this case we will create an instance of car from the race car instance through narrowing cast. So car instance is made with all the basic parameters from race car. i.e. race_car instance of class race car is already available. Data : new_car type ref to car.

new_car ?= race_car. Here ?= is the syntax for narrowing cast. Widening cast means copying an instance of super class to an instance of sub class. This is the exact opposite of narrowing cast. For example: We have an instance of super class car, but we need to create an instance of sub class race car with same parameters and we will add the remaining parameters later. Here we will use the widening cast to create an instance of race car from car with all basic parameters from car. Remaining parameters could be added to race car instance through other methods of race car. i.e. car_old instance of class car is already available. Data : new_racecar type ref to race car. new_racecar = car_old. Here = is the syntax for widening cast.

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Definition, Tips and examples for various SAP Technical areas like ABAP, Netweaver Components and ESOA. Covers tips for various SAP Certification and Interview preparations.

Saturday, November 8, 2008

How to create a three level tree node in Webdynpro ABAP
The purpose of this example is to create a three level tree node in Webdynpro ABAP. First level will be all distinct Carrier ids. Under carrier id there will be Connection id as second level. And under Connection id there will be Plane types as third level. 1. Create a Webdynpro component with one view

2. Create a Node FLIGHT with cardinality 1:1. Create sub node CARRID_NODE within FLIGHT, sub node CONNID_NODE within CARRID_NODE and sub node PLANETYPE_NODE within CONNID_NODE. All the sub nodes should be non singleton and should have cardinality 0:n. Create attribute CARRID type SFLIGHT-CARRID, CONNID type SFLIGHT-CONNID and PLANETYPE type SFLIGHT-PLANETYPE within CARRID_NODE, CONNID_NODE and PLANETYPE_NODE respectively.

3. Create a Tree UI element in the layout of View. Create two Tree Node Types CARRID and CONNID. And create a Tree Node Item PLANETYPE.

4. Bind the property DATA SOURCE of Tree UI element with FLIGHT Node.

5. Bind CARRID_NODE node to property DATA SOURCE of CARRID Tree Node Type. And bind CARRID attribute within CARRID_NODE to property TEXT.

6. Similarly bind CONNID_NODE node to property DATA SOURCE of CONNID Tree Node Type. And bind CONNID attribute within CONNID_NODE to property TEXT. And PLANETYPE_NODE node to property DATA SOURCE of PLANETYPE Tree Node Item. And bind PLANETYPE attribute within PLANETYPE _NODE to property TEXT. 7. Create supply functions FILL_CARRID, FILL_CONNID and FILL_PLANETYPE for the nodes CARRID_NODE, CONNID_NODE and PLANETYPE_NODE respectively.

8. In the FILL_CARRID method write the following code, types : begin of ty_carrid, carrid type sflight-carrid, end of ty_carrid. data : lt_carrid type table of ty_carrid. select distinct carrid into table lt_carrid from sflight. node->bind_table( lt_carrid ). Select all the distinct CARRID values from SFLIGHT and pass it to the NODE. 9. In the FILL_CONNID method write the following code types : begin of ty_connid, connid type sflight-connid, end of ty_connid. data : lt_connid type table of ty_connid, lv_carrid type sflight-carrid. parent_element->get_attribute( exporting NAME = 'CARRID' importing VALUE = lv_carrid ). select distinct connid into table lt_connid from sflight where carrid = lv_carrid. node->bind_table( lt_connid ). Get the selected CARRID by the user, for that get all distinct CONNID from SFLIGHT and pass it to the node. 10. In the FILL_PLANETYPE method write the following code Types : types : begin of ty_planetype, planetype type sflight-planetype, end of ty_planetype. data : lt_planetype type table of ty_planetype,

lv_connid type sflight-connid. parent_element->get_attribute( exporting NAME = 'CONNID' importing VALUE = lv_connid ). select distinct planetype into table lt_planetype from sflight where connid = lv_connid. node->bind_table( lt_planetype ). Get the selected CONNID by the user, for that get all distinct PLANETYPE from SFLIGHT and pass it to the node. 11. Add the view to the window, create an Application and activate the entire component. Now Test the application. 12. The output you get will be like this. Under the root node Flights, first level will be all distinct Carrier ids. Under carrier id you will have distinct Connection id for that Carrier id. And under Connection id you will have distinct Plane types for that Connection id.

Posted by SAP Next at 9:29 PM Labels: Webdynpro ABAP

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ABAP interview questions and answers

By admin | May 2, 2005 Thanks to the reader who sent in this question set:

1. What is an ABAP data dictionary?- ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views. 2. What are domains and data element?- Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user. 3. What is foreign key relationship?- A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible. 4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself. 5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database. 6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level. 7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated. 8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.

9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session. 10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need. 11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and viceversa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to languagedependent HTML documents at runtime. 12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro. 13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications. 14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program. 15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.

16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST. 17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project. 18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION). 19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed. 20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file. 21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution. 22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent. 23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine?- Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is

(more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION. This entry was posted in General, Java, SAP ABAP. Bookmark the permalink. Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL. Solaris interview questions LoadRunner interview questions Ads by Google SAP Certification @ NIIT
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57 Comments on ABAP interview questions and answers

1.

Dipun Posted 11/8/2007 at 2:15 pm | Permalink Why SAP is 4th generation language?

2.

madhu Posted 11/22/2007 at 8:34 am | Permalink Answer to sharmila. loop at itab. select * from itab where matnr = itab-matnr meins = itab-meins .. endloop. how do you improve performance of the above code?

The solution is simple,,,, never select all the fields from itab, tht means u r asking the database to search for all the fields which is (Select *) this is time consuming not efficient.so always go for retrieving specific fields like select a b c from itab into workarea where condition.. for tht u have to use types and assign a work area for the internal table, tht means ur not using much of memory, so later u have to refer ur itab to this type and make use of this work area to display fields note: always try to avoid hard coding which is good n efficient programming

3.

Saheb Posted 11/25/2007 at 6:44 am | Permalink 1-When is it better to buffer the table? 2-wher does information come from when you press f1 on a screen field? 3-what r the valid attribute of a domain? 4-which software component in the work process is responsible for controlling commits and rollbacks? 5-what r the posible way to clear the body of an internal table with header line? 6-which ABAP statement will start a new internal session in the same external session? 7-what is the standard program to veryfy RFC loga? 8-when is RFC connection closed?

4.

rahman Posted 2/29/2008 at 1:18 am | Permalink pls give me ans. 1. how to call sap script in reports & reports in sap script? 2. what is different between sap script & reports? 3. what is stack? 4. what is the defination of ALE RFC? Why BAPI need then BDC ?

# what happen if i use controll break statement in between select & endselect ? # What is lock Object ? 1. how to call sap script in reports & reports in sap script? 2. what is different between sap script & reports? 3. what is stack? 4. what is the defination of ALE RFC?

5.

Mohamed Posted 4/28/2008 at 8:33 am | Permalink ABAP : Advance Business Application Programing in fourth generation. This module, ALE : Aplication Link Enabling is Very important a concept. ALV : Application List Viewer another important concept.

6.

Jyoti Posted 8/4/2008 at 2:22 pm | Permalink pls give me ans. 1. how to call sap script in reports & reports in sap script? 2. what is different between sap script & reports? 3. what is stack? 4. what is the defination of ALE RFC? Why BAPI need then BDC ? # what happen if i use controll break statement in between select & endselect ? # What is lock Object ?

7.

MD Posted 8/24/2008 at 12:36 pm | Permalink

Hi, Answers to your queries. 1. how to call sap script in reports & reports in sap script? Ans. Every Script has a driver program which is a SE38 program and so we can call the normal report program from the driver program using SUBMIT statement and same in the case of calling scripts from normal programs we can use submit and we can call the driver program from the script. Hope this helps. 2. what is different between sap script & reports? Reports are for internal purposes within and organisation to analyze the existing situaion and for taking corrective decisions Where scripts are for printing business documents which will be either sent to the customer or the vendors for the transactions made i.e for external pruposes. Hope this helps -When is it better to buffer the table? Ans. When the table data does not change frequently for such kind of tables we should go for buffering otherwise more time will be required to update the buffer area with the latest information. 90% of SAp tables are not buffered 2-wher does information come from when you press f1 on a screen field? From the data element. 5-what r the posible way to clear the body of an internal table with header line? FREE,CLEAR,REFRSH. Previous 1 2

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