REPORT ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES) ATTACHMENT PERIOD: (JUNE 13 2012 OCTOBER 12 2012) UNDERTAKEN AT

OGUN STATE TELEVISION

KM 9, OLABISI ONABANJO WAY, OFF AJEBO ROAD, ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE

BY AJOMALE ADETOKUN OKUNADE 090502043 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES CRAWFORD UNIVERSITY

SUBMITTED TO THE SIWES COORDINATOR, DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

CRAWFORD UNIVERSITY IGBESA, OGUN STATE.

NOVEMBER 2012.
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DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to Almighty God who gives me strength and the inspiration in the course of this work, also my parents, Oloye and Oloye (Mrs). Dokun Ajomale, to my supervisor, Mr Akinnowo and my Head of Department, Prof. Forli.F.A

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful to the Almighty God for His inspiration, guidance and strength throughout the course of this work. I also want to thank my Head of Department, Prof. Forli.F.A. for his fatherly advice during the course of the training programme. May the good LORD bless him. I also express my sincere appreciation to all the staff of Ogun State Television who gave me the training and provided a conducive environment for the exercise. I would also like to express my appreciation to Dr Gbolagunte, the SIWES coordinator of Crawford University for his illuminating ideas.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication..

Acknowledgement

Chapter One: 1.1: LOCATION AND BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT 1.2: ORGANISATIONAL CHART

Chapter Two: 2.1: Introduction to Computer Hardware/Software 2.2: Tools and Materials Used in Maintenance 2.3: Basic Components and Their Functions 2.4: Troubleshooting 2.5: Troubleshooting Tips 2.6: LIVE STREAMING DEVICE

Chapter Three: 3.1: Problems Encountered During Training Period

Chapter Four: CONCLUSION

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CHAPTER ONE
DESCRIPTION OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ATTACHMENT

1.1: LOCATION AND BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT

The Ogun State Television (OGTV) Abeokuta was inaugurated on December 25, 1981 as a public corporation, providing a free to-air Television service, featuring Drama, News, Sports and Movies. OGTV was created as a separate entity by a bill unanimously passed by the Ogun State House of Assembly and assented to the then Governor of the State, Late Chief Olabisi Onabanjo. All programmes broadcast in English, Yoruba and Egun reflecting the local content of the inhabitants. Among the most visible contribution of Governor Gbenga Daniel to the infrastructural development to the state, is the redesigning, remodelling and re-construction of the Ogun State Television House. This new design has metamorphosed into Gateway Television (GTV) Effective 16th February, 2005, the image and composition of the Ogun state Television (OGTV) changed completely. Changing the on-air and off-air image of OGTV to GTV as a Broadcasting station of repute is challenging. But a very pro-active team with many creative ideas, supported by a strong viewer-friendly marketing campaign created the brand awareness that empowered the station to achieve the change-over successfully. The Television station is located at Km. 9 Olabisi Onabanjo Way, Abeokuta, Ogun State.

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1.2: ORGANISATIONAL CHART

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CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Introduction to Computer Hardware/Software
Briefly, computer systems are made up of hardware and software. The physical touchable part of the computer is called the hardware. This is the part that we can touch and feel. The hardware parts of a computer include the keyboard, monitor, mouse and printer, usually called the peripherals. Other hardware parts include scanner, light-pen, Random Access Memory (RAM) sticks or modules, processor etc. The software is a set of instructions that control the computers functionality. It cannot be seen or touched. We have two types, system software and application software. System software is further broken down into Operating Systems and Compiler Softwares. Operating systems are sets of instructions that enable interaction between the computer and the hardware. They act as an interface between the user and the computer. Application softwares are instructions which service a specific need such as Microsoft Excel, which is used for spreadsheets etc.

2.2 Tools and Materials Used in Maintenance

In performing maintenance operations on computer systems and components, some sets of tools are required to make the job easier. Some recommended tools are screwdrivers (precision screwdrivers preferably), pliers, parts bag, flashlight, Compact Disk (CD) and portable hard disk or flash drive, and multi-meter.

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2.3 Basic Components and Their Functions

They are several component parts of a computer, we have the outer parts of the computer like the monitor, keyboard, mouse, system unit and we have the inner part of the computer which contains the motherboard, the processor, the RAM sticks or modules, the cables, the hard disks or secondary storage and many other components. Let us look at them in detail. Monitor: This is the visual part of the computer that looks like a television. It is called an output device because it enables the user to view an output of whatever operation he or she is performing. It is also called the visual display unit (VDU). Common problems we find with it include, slacking of the video connector (VGA connector).

Keyboard/Mouse: The keyboard is an input device and is typically used for inputting data into the computer. The mouse is also an input device used as an alternative to the keyboard. The common problem with the keyboard and the mouse is breaking of the pins in the PS/2 connectors on their connector cables due to frequent plugging and unplugging.

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System Unit/Chassis or Case: The system unit basically holds the core components of the computer. It has a casing or container. This container is designed such that some of the features of the core components within the casing can be used. Within the system unit, we can find the motherboard.

Chassis or case

Motherboard: This is the most important component on a computer system. It is also called the main board. Every internal component in a computer connects to the motherboard and its features largely determine what the computer is capable of plus its overall performance. Motherboards are classified based on form factors (form factor refers to the physical dimensions, sizes and shape as well as certain connector, screw hole, and other positions that dictate into which type of case the motherboard will fit).

Motherboard sample

Processor: The Central Processing Unit (CPU) or processor could be thought of as the engine of the computer. It is identified by mainly two features, its speed and its width. The speed is a

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simple concept graded in Megahertz (MHz). The faster the speed of the processor, the better the performance (speed) of the computer.

Processor examples

Processor examples continued

Memory (RAM): The system memory is often called Random Access Memory (RAM). This is the primary working memory. It holds all the programs and the data that the processor is using at a given time.

RAM (memory) modules

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Power Supply: The power supply feeds electrical power to the internal components in the computer.

Video Card: This is the component on the motherboard that controls the information that we see on the monitor. Sound Card: A sound card is the component on the motherboard that enables the PC to generate complex sounds.

Sound/audio device

Hard Drive: The hard disk is the primary high-capacity storage media for the system. All you data is stored on hard disks. Network Card/Modem: This is a component that is usually integrated on the motherboard to provide an interface for network connectivity.

Network Card

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2.4 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting is simply the process of finding out why a particular device or component is malfunctioning, and fixing or repairing that problem. There are various ways of troubleshooting depending on the type of component to be repaired or fixed or the type of problem experienced. Some basic troubleshooting tips I learnt during my attachment are given in the table below.

2.5 Troubleshooting Tips

Problem Identification Operating system will not boot. Possible Cause Poor heat dissipation, improper voltage settings, loose connection of hard disk or faulty hard disk cable Solution Check the capacity of the heat sink and replace it if necessary, Check the hard disk cables for tight connectivity and interchange them to ensure proper functionality. Verify that the hard disk is working correctly; re-install the operating system if necessary. Test the monitor and the power source and replace with known good source to confirm if necessary Check the RAM and ensure tight connection with the slots. Make sure the audio adapter is present and well connected on the mother board, Ensure that the speakers are tightly connected and are linked to a working power source, ensure that sound drivers for the sound device are installed and working correctly. Check the AC input, make sure the cord is firmly seated in the wall socket, and in the power supply socket, or try a different cord, also, check the DC connectors, make sure the motherboard and disk drive power connectors are firmly seated and making good contact, check for loose screws.

Error: Operating system not found System appears to work but no video is displayed

Corrupt operating system, bad hard disk Monitor turned off or has failed RAM could be loose.

No sound

No audio adapter present, incorrect connection of speakers or no power to speakers, no audio drivers present

Power supply failures like Faulty power supply which may be spontaneous rebooting during due to bad power cord, or loose normal operations, hard disk and connection, fan refusing to spin, over heating due to fan failure, electric shocks felt on the system cases or connectors, smoke

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2.6 LIVE STREAMING DEVICE

Streaming video are contents sent in compressed form over the Internet and displayed by the viewer in real time. With streaming video or streaming media, a Web user does not have to wait to download a file to play it. Instead, the media is sent in a continuous stream of data and is played as it arrives. The user needs a player, which is a special program that uncompresses and sends video data to the display and audio data to speakers. A player can be either an integral part of a browser or downloaded from the software maker's Web site.

Major streaming video and streaming media technologies include RealSystem G2 from RealNetwork, Microsoft Windows Media Technologies (including its NetShow Services and Theater Server), and VDO. Microsoft's approach uses the standard MPEG compression algorithm for video. The other approaches use proprietary algorithms. (The program that does the compression and decompression is sometimes called the codec.) Microsoft's technology offers streaming audio at up to 96 Kbps and streaming video at up to 8 Mbps (for the NetShow Theater Server). However, for most Web users, the streaming video will be limited to the data rates of the connection (for example, up to 128 Kbps with an ISDN connection). Microsoft's streaming media files are in its Advanced Streaming Format (ASF).

Streaming video is usually sent from pre-recorded video files, but can be distributed as part of a live broadcast "feed." In a live broadcast, the video signal is converted into a compressed digital signal and transmitted from a special Web server that is able to do multicast, sending the same file to multiple users at the same time.

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The live streaming device above has its own Internet Protocol (IP) Address, so therefore it can be allocated its own specific MAC {Media Access Control} Address. This particular live video streaming device has the capability of supporting multiple network access points. It also has the ability to choose between High Quality Stream which is for High-Definition Screen resolution and Regular Stream which are for Pixel Based screens like iPad, iPhone, Blackberry Devices and other Smartphones and tablet devices.

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CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Problems Encountered During Training Period.
During the four months attachment period I learnt a lot of things as indicated by my report so far. Before starting I knew little or nothing about hardware, computer assembly and disassembly, but now I can carry out basic troubleshooting operations on a computer, assemble a computer from scratch, and disassemble it if necessary.

However, I encountered a little problem in funding, during my four months attachment. Firstly, I was overloaded, I worked from Monday to Friday and sometimes Saturday too, because I had to do afternoon/night shifts, and it was difficult for me to transport myself to and from the Television station, every day. This is because I was not officially paid.

Secondly, I also had to deal with some people with certain misconceptions about me, but later on got to resolve our individual differences.

Although my overall training is considered good, however the training conducted by the company is not well structured and coordinated. Orders or task given to me were mostly depending on my supervisor decision. Some time I am overloaded with task and at some point I don't have any work to do for the whole day.

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CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, there were many things that I have experienced and learned during the four months of my Industrial Training at Ogun State Television. The whole training period was very interesting, instructive and challenging. Through this training I was able to gain new insights and more comprehensive understanding about the real industry working condition and practice. The four months placement also has provided me the opportunities to develop and improve my soft and functional skills.

All of this valuable experience and knowledge that I have gained were not only acquired through the direct involvement in task given but also through other aspect of the training such as work observation, interaction with colleagues, superior, and other people related to the field. From what I have undergone, I am very sure that the industrial training program has achieved its entire primary objectives. Its also the best way to prepare students to face the real working life. As a result of the program now I am more confident to build my future career which I have already started in Ogun State Television.

Finally, I would like to conclude by encouraging all students to make good use of their time during SIWES and appreciate his or her profession, via this training. Its actually a forum for ushering one into the labour market.

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