Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on

Nanostructures (ICNS4)

12-14 March 2012, Kish Island, I.R. Iran

Synthesis and Optical Characterization of CdS Nanoparticles by Solvothermal Method

M. H. Akhlaghi, A. M. Bakhshayesh, M. R. Mohammadi* Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran *mohammadi@sharif.ir

CdS is one of the IIVI semiconducting materials having a 2.42 eV band gap at room temperature, with applications in solar cells, optoelectronics and electronic devices. In this paper, CdS nanoparticles were synthesized via solvothermal technique and the effect of cadmium source was studied on their metallurgical and optical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that, in all cases highly pure and crystallized CdS with hexagonal structure were obtained. CdS compound synthesized at 180C for 24 hr using cadmium acetate dehydrate showed the best optical property for solar cell applications. Keywords: CdS; Nanoparticles; Solvothermal SYN 114

Nanostructure Cadmium Sulphide Thin Films as Window Material in Optical Devices by Close Spaced Sublimation Technique
N. A. Shah , W. Mahmood , W. A. Syed , M. Abbas . I. Haq a Thin Films Technology Research Lab, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 46000 Pakistan b Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan *nabbasqureshi@yahoo.com
a a b a a

Keywords: Arsenic removal; Aqueous solution; Calcium peroxide; Nanoparticles; Water treatment SYN 116

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Cysteine and Homocysteine at a Nanoscale Copper Hydroxide Carbon Ionic Liquid Composite Electrode
A. Safavi*, M. Keshavarz, E. Farjami Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, and Nanotechnology Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran *safavi@chem.susc.ac.ir

We report the fabrication and characterization of CdS polycrystalline thin films which were grown on corning glass substrates by closed space sublimation (CSS) technique. Physical properties of these nanostructure thin films were investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscope (SEM) having grain size range 300-500 nm, optical transmission by UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer. In addition to these studies, electrical properties by Hall measurements were also investigated. To reduce the electrical resistivity these as-deposited thin films were immersed into Cu (NO3)2 solution at 80 5C for variety of time to ensure Cu doping. The deposited structures were mainly in <111> orientation and the electrical resistivity were found decreasing by several orders of magnitude with increasing temperature, confirming the semiconductor behaviour. The optical study shows that the cadmium sulphide is a best window material for optical devices like solar cells and detectors. Keywords: Crystal structure; Optical microscopy; Thin films; Semiconductor; Vacuum coating SYN 115

A nanoscale copper hydroxide carbon ionic liquid composite electrode was employed for sensitive, simultaneous determination of cysteine and homocysteine. Incorporation of copper(II) hydroxide nanostructures in the composite electrode results in complexation of Cu(II) with the thiol group of cysteine and leads to a significant decrease in cysteine oxidation overpotential, while an anodic peak corresponding to the direct oxidation of homocysteine is observed at higher overvoltage. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 1 to 180 M cysteine and 1-280 M homocysteine at pH 7.0. Low detection limits of 0.6 M for cysteine and 0.8 M for homocysteine were achieved. No electrode surface fouling was observed during successive scans. Stability, high sensitivity, and low detection limits made the proposed electrode applicable for the analysis of biological fluids. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used for the simultaneous determination of the species in human blood serum and satisfactory results were obtained. Keywords: Nanoscale copper hydroxide; Carbon ionic liquid electrode; Cysteine; Homocysteine

Removal of Arsenic from Aqueous Systems by Synthetic Calcium Peroxide Nanoparticles

E. Olyaiea*, H. Banejada, A. Afkhamib, A.R. Rahmanic, J. Khodaveisid a Department of Water Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran b Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran c Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan 4171, Iran d Faculty of Chemistry, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran *ehsan_o80@yahoo.com

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Abstract Book |INST| Sharif University of Technology|

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SYN 113

There is a growing interest in the use of nanoparticles for environmental applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. One possible application is the removal of contaminants from water. In this study, we synthesized CaO2 nanoparticles and evaluated them as an oxidant to remove arsenic which is one of the most poisonous groundwater pollutants. For this purpose, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine particle characterization of produced nanoparticles. Also, size determination by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image indicates the size of calcium peroxide nanoparticles approximately 1525 nm. Experiments were performed to investigate the influence of CaO2 nanoparticles concentration, pH of solution and contact time on the efficiency of arsenic removal. Up to 88% removal efficiency for arsenic was obtained by nanoparticles dosage of 40 mg L-1 at time equal to 30 min and pH=7.5. It could be concluded that the removal efficiency were enhanced with increasing of CaO2 nanoparticles dosage and reaction time, but decreased with increasing of arsenic concentration and pH for nano sized CaO2. These results suggest that CaO2 nanoparticles based on in situ chemical oxidation are an effective material for arsenic remediation and may be used to develop a simple and efficient arsenic removal method.