FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

TUTORIAL 3
SOLID MECHANICS 2 (BMCS 2333)
SEMESTER 1 SESSI 2007/2008
Stress-Strain Energy & Castiglianos Theorem - Solution
1. Using P, L, E and I, determine the
strain energy due to bending for the
beam and loading shown in Figure 1.
Ignore the effect due to shear stress.
()
Solution
CD portion: 1 1 x
M Px
( )
2
2 2 3
1 1
1 1
0 0
. .
2 2 6
L L
x
CD
Px M P L
U dx dx
EI EI EI

BC portion: ( )
2 2 2 x
M P L x Px PL + +
( )
2
2 2 3
3 3
2
2 2
0 0
3
. .
2 2 2
L L
x
BC
PL M P L
U dx dx
EI EI EI

AB portion:
( ) ( )
3 3 3 3 3
4 3
x
M P L x P L x Px PL Px + + + + +
( )
2
2 2 3
3 3
3 3
0 0
. .
2 2 6
L L
x
AB
PL Px M P L
U dx dx
EI EI EI
+


2 3 2 3 2 3
3
6 2 6
AB BC CD
P L P L P L
U U U U
EI EI EI
+ + + +

2 3
11
6
P L
EI

2. The aluminum rod AB (G=26 GPa) is
bonded to the brass rod BD (G=39
GPa) shown in Figure 2. Knowing that
portion CD of the brass rod is hollow
and has an inner diameter of 40 mm,
determine the total strain energy of
the two rods.
()
Solution
26
AB
G GPa
,
39
BD
G GPa
( )
4
7 4
1
0.018 1.649 10
2
AB
J m


( )
4
6 4
1
0.030 1.272 10
2
BC
J m


( ) ( )
4 4
6 4
1
0.030 0.018 1.107 10
2
CD
J m

1

]
AB portion:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
9 7
800 0.4
29.855
2 2 26 10 1.649 10
A AB
AB
AB AB
T L
U J
G J



BC portion:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
9 6
800 0.375
2.419
2 2 39 10 1.272 10
A BC
BC
CD BC
T L
U J
G J




CD portion:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
9 6
800 0.250
1.853
2 2 39 10 1.107 10
A CD
CD
CD CD
T L
U J
G J



29.855 2.419 1.853
AB BC CD
U U U U + + + +
34.13J
3. A simply supported beam, AB shown
in Figure 3 is subjected to a
concentrated load, F at midspan and
an uniform distributed load, w N/m.
Determine the expression for the
elastic strain energy, U due to
bending in term of flextural rigidity EI,
length L, concentrated load F and
uniform distributed load, w.
()
Solution
2
B
F wL
R
+

2 2
1 1
2 2 2
x B
F wL
M R x wx x wx
+ _


,
2
2
2
2 2
1
0 0
2
1
2
. .
2 2
B
L L
x
L
R x wx
M
U dx dx
EI EI
_

,



2 2 2 3 2 4
0
1 1
2 4
L
B B
R x R wx w x dx
EI
_
+

,

Figure 1
Figure 3
A
B
C
D
250mm
375mm
400mm
36mm
60mm
Figure 2
T
A
= 800 Nm
A
B
3L
C
D
L L
P
P
1
x
1 x
M
2
x
2 x
M
3
x
3 x
M
A
B
L
w N/m
F
x
x
M
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
TUTORIAL 3
SOLID MECHANICS 2 (BMCS 2333)
SEMESTER 1 SESSI 2007/2008
Stress-Strain Energy & Castiglianos Theorem - Solution

3 4 5
2 2
1 1 1 1
2 3 2 4 2 20 2
B B
L L L
R R w w
EI
1
_ _ _
+ 1

, , ,
1
]

3 2 2 2
5
96 2 8 5
L F FwL w L
EI
1
+ +
1
]
3 2 2 2
2
5
2
48 2 8 5
L
L F FwL w L
U U
EI
1
+ +
1
]

4. A pin-joined system of three bars,
each having the same cross section A,
is loaded as shown in the Figure 4.
Determine V

and H

of joint B due to
applied force P.
()
Solution
0
x
F
,
sin60 sin30 0
AB BC
P P Q +
..(1)
0
y
F
,
cos60 cos30 0
AB BC
P P P
(2)
Solve both equations,
0.5 0.866
AB
P P Q +
,
0.866 0.5
BC
P P Q +
0.5 AB L , 0.866 BC L
0.5
AB
P
P

,
0.866
BC
P
P

0.866
AB
P
Q

,
0.5
BC
P
Q

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
AB BC
P AB P BC
U
AE AE
+

( ) ( )
2 2
0.5 0.866
2 2
AB BC
L P L P
AE AE

+
( ) ( ) 0.5 0.866
+

AB BC AB BC
B
L P L P U P P
x
Q AE Q AE Q

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
0.5 0.5 0.866
0.866
0.866 0.866 0.5
0.5
+

+
+
L P Q
AE
L P Q
AE

0.158 0.158
PL PL
AE AE

( ) ( ) 0.5 0.866
+

AB BC AB BC
B
L P L P U P P
y
P AE P AE P

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
0.5 0.5 0.866
0.5
0.866 0.866 0.5
0.866
+

+
+
L P Q
AE
L P Q
AE

0.774
PL
AE

5. A planar bent bar of constant EI has
the dimensions shown in the Figure
5. Determine V

and H

, at the tip
due to the application of force P.
()
Solution
Portion 1; 1 1 x
M Px
,
1
1
x
M
x
P

,
1
0
x
M
Q

( )
( )
1 1 1
1 1 1
0 0
0 0

a a
x x
Px M M
x dx dx
EI Q EI
( )
( )
1 1 1
1 1 1 1
0 0

a a
x x
Px M M
y dx x dx
EI P EI

3
3
Pa
EI

Portion 2; 2 2 x
M Pa Qx
,
2 x
M
a
P

,
2
2
x
M
x
Q

( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
0 0

a a
x x
Pa M M
x dx x dx
EI Q EI

3
8
Pa
EI

( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
0 0

a a
x x
Pa M M
y dx a dx
EI P EI
3
2
Pa
EI

Figure 4
Figure 5
60
30
P
L
A
B
C
Q
3
x
3 x
M
1
x
1 x
M
a
a
a
a/2
a/2
P
5
x
5 x
M
2
x
2 x
M
4
x
4 x
M
Q
M

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
TUTORIAL 3
SOLID MECHANICS 2 (BMCS 2333)
SEMESTER 1 SESSI 2007/2008
Stress-Strain Energy & Castiglianos Theorem - Solution
Portion 3; ( )
( ) 3 3
2
x
a
M P a x Q +
,
( )
3
3
x
M
a x
P

,
3
2
x
M
a
Q

( )
( )
3 3 3
3 3 3
0 0 2

a a
x x
Pa Px M M
a
x dx dx
EI Q EI

3
3
4
Pa
EI

[ ]
( )
3 3 3
3 3 3 3
0 0

a a
x x
Pa Px M M
y dx a x dx
EI P EI

3
7
3
Pa
EI

Portion 4; ( )
( ) 4 4
2
2
x
a
M P a Q x +
,
4
2
x
M
a
P

, ( )
3
4
2
x
M
a
x
Q

( )
( )
2 2 4 4
4 4 4 4
0 0
2
2

a a
x x
Pa M M
a
x dx x dx
EI Q EI

3
3
4
Pa
EI

( )
( )
2 2 4 4
4 4 4
0 0
2
2

a a
x x
Pa M M
y dx a dx
EI P EI

3
2Pa
EI

Portion 5; ( ) ( )
5 5
2
x
M P a x Q a +
,
( )
5
5
2
x
M
a x
P

,
5 x
M
a
Q

( )
( )
5 5 5
5 5 5
0 0
2

a a
x x
Pa Px M M
x dx a dx
EI Q EI
3
5
2
Pa
EI

( )
( )
5 5 5
5 5 5 5
0 0
2
2

a a
x x
Pa Px M M
y dx a x dx
EI P EI
3
19
3
Pa
EI

1 2 3 4 5 H
x x x x x + + + +

3 3 3 3
3 3 5
0
8 4 4 2
+ + + +
Pa Pa Pa Pa
EI EI EI EI

3
45
8

Pa
EI

1 2 3 4 5 V
y y y y y + + + +

3 3 3 3 3
7 2 19
3 2 3 3
+ + + +
Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa
EI EI EI EI EI

3
69
6

Pa
EI

6. For the prismatic beam shown in
Figure 6, determine deflection at
point D.
()
Solution
0
A
M
, ( )
5
0
2 2 4
E
L L L
Q R L w
_ _ _
+

, , ,
5
2 8
E
Q wL
R +
0
y
F
,
0
2
A E
wL
R Q R +
5
2 8 2 2 8
A
Q wL wL Q wL
R Q +
Portion EB;
2
1 1
1
2
x
M wx
,
1
0
x
M
Q

( )
2
1
2 2 1 1
1 1 1
0 0
1
2
0 0
L L
x x
wx
M M
y dx dx
EI Q EI

Portion DE;
2 2 2
2 4
x E
L L
M R x w x
_ _
+

, ,

2
2 2
5
2 8 8 2
Q wL wL wL
x x
_
+

,
2 2
2
x
M x
Q

2 2 2
2 2
0
2
2 2
2 2
2
0
5
8 8 2
2
L
x x
L
M M
y dx
EI Q
wL wL wL
x x
x
dx
EI

_


_
,


,

3 2 3
2
1 5 1 1 1
2 8 2 3 8 2 2 2 2 3
wL L wL L wL L
EI
1
_ _ _ _
1

, , , ,
1
]
4 4 4
1 5
2 192 64 48
wL wL wL
EI
_


,
4
192
wL
EI

Figure 6
A B
2
L
w
2
L
2
L
D E
Q
1
x
1 x
M
2
x
2 x
M
3
x
3 x
M
M
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
TUTORIAL 3
SOLID MECHANICS 2 (BMCS 2333)
SEMESTER 1 SESSI 2007/2008
Stress-Strain Energy & Castiglianos Theorem - Solution
Portion AD;
3 3 3
2 8
x A
Q wL
M R x x
_


,
3 3
2
x
M x
Q

3
2 2 3 3 3
3 3 3
0 0
8
2
L L
x x
wL
x
M M x
y dx dx
EI Q EI
1 _

1
_ , ]

,

3
1 1
2 8 2 3
wL L
EI
1
_ _
1

, ,
1
]
4
384
wL
EI

1 2 3 D
y y y y + +

4 4 4
0
192 384 128
wL wL wL
EI EI EI