Lessons by bebek_kiz

Beginner Level Lessons (15)

1. lesson 1 - suffix meli/mal learning the suffix meli/mal 2. lesson 2 - lazm learn the suffix lazm 3. lesson 3 - suffix lazm deil lazm deil 4. lesson 4 - the suffix I can ebilir/abilir 5. lesson 5 - The suffix I cant amaz/emez 6. lesson 6 - the suffix let learn the let suffix 7. lesson 7 - numbers (1-10) learning to count in turkish 8. Lesson 8 - numbers (11-20) learning to count in turkish number 11-20 9. Lesson 9 - learn the alphabet Alphabet 10. Past tense di/d/du/d 11. Personal Pronouns im/in/iz/siniz/ler 12. Possessive pronouns im/in/i/imiz/iniz/leri 13. Todays day is......... How to write what day it is in turkish 14. Todays date What is the date 15. Negatives deil

lesson 1 - suffix meli/mal

To express need in english we use, need, have to, must, in turkish we use the suffixmeli/mal. For example: gitmeliyim I must go. When making an express need sentence in turkish just remember this formula: verb + meli/mal + personal suffix The Personal suffixes for this suffix are: I must + im You must + sin He/she/it must + no personal ending
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we must + iz you must + siniz They must + ler Lets do an example I must come gel + meli + yim gelmeliyim Before we move on take a look at the y at the end of the turkish sentence. If you dont know what the y is then in turkish this is called the buffer letter. A buffer letter basically separates two vowels from sitting together. We will have a separate lesson on the buffer letter another time so wont go in to detail about it now but just wanted to point this out to you. Lets do another example I must take al + mal + ym almalym Now with the sentence above can you see that there are no dots above the is. Take a look at theverb al the turkish vowels are ei aou I say the e i are the front vowels and the a o u are the back vowels In this suffix: If the last letter of the verb is e i then the (y)im/sin/iz/siniz/ler would be used If you last letter of the verb is a o u then the (y)m/sn/z/lar would be used SO git + meli + yim (in the verb is the vowel i + so the suffix would be meli + and then the personal suffix would be (y)im) al + mal + ym (in the verb is the vowel a + so the suffix would be mal + and then the personal suffix would be (y)m)
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Here are a few examples to make use with the front vowels: I must give - ver + meli + yim - vermeliyim You must go - git + meli + sin - gitmelisin He must watch - izle + meli - izlemeli We must come - gel + meli + yiz - gelmeliyiz You must see - gr + meli + siniz - grmelisiniz They must send - gnder + meli + ler - gndermeliler Here are a few examples to make use with the back vowels: I must stay - kal + mal + ym - kalmalym You must take - al + mal + sn - almalsn He must believe - inan + mal - inanmal We must be - ol + mal + yz - olmalyz You must do - yap + mal + snz - yapmalsnz They must put - koy + mal + lar - koymallar Try making up your own examples and seeing how you get on. Keep going over the lesson until you feel confident that you know this suffix.

lesson 2 - lazm
to say have to in turkish you use the word, lazm. The formula to use is: verb + me/ma + personal suffix + lazm The Personal suffixes I have to - m You have to - n he/she/it has to - si/s We have to - miz/mz You have to - niz/nz They have to - leri/lari Lets do an example: I have to come gel + me + m + lazm gelmem lazm You have to stay kal + ma + n + lazm kalman lazm
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Lets do some more examples examples using only the front vowels I have to go git + me + m + lazm gitmem lazm You have to give ver + me + n + lazm vermen lazm He has to see gr + me + si + lazm grmesi lazm We have to send gnder + me + miz + lazm gndermemiz lazm You have to learn ren + me + niz + lazm renmeniz lazm They have to marry evlen + me + leri + lazm evlenmeleri lazm

Now lets look at some examples using the back vowels I have to take al + ma + m + lazm almam lazm You have to put koy + ma + n + lazm koyman lazm He have to believe inan + ma + s + lazm inanmas lazm We have to speak konu + ma + mz + lazm
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konumamz lazm You have to read oku + ma + nz + lazm okumanz lazm They have to start bala + ma + lar + lazm balamalar lazm

lesson 3 - suffix lazm deil

The suffix lazm deil basically means dont have to. gelmem lazm deil (I dont have to come) Just remember verb + me/ma + personal pronoun + lazm deil The personal pronouns used are exactly the same as the lazm pronouns I dont have to You dont have to He doesnt have to We dont have to You dont have to They dont have to Now lets do a few examples I dont have to go git + me + m lazm deil gitmem lazm deil You dont have to be ol + ma + n lazm deil olman lazm deil He doesnt have to watch izle + me + si lazm deil izlemesi lazm deil We dont have to take al + ma + mz lazm deil almamz lazm deil
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M N SI MIZ NIZ leri/lar

You dont have to write yaz + ma + nz lazm deil yazmanz lazm deil They dont have to believe inan + ma + lar lazm deil inanmalar lazm deil How have you got on with understanding the above? Lets do some more basic sentences and see how you get on I dont have to chat You dont have to come to town He doesnt have to go now We dont have to stay here You dont have to believe They dont have to hear Sohbet etmem lazm deil Kasabaya gelmen lazm deil imdi gitmesi lazm deil Burada kalmamz lazm deil inanmanz lazm deil Duymalar lazm deil

lesson 4 - the suffix I can

To say I can in Turkish you use the suffix ebilir. Example gelebilirim - I can come Just remember verb + ebilir/abilir + personal suffix Personal suffixes

I can You can We can We can You can They can

im Sin No suffix is used iz siniz ler/lar

So for example if we wanted to say we can stay we would write as kal + abilir + iz
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kalabiliriz I can promise sz ver + ebilir + im sz verebilirim He can watch izle + ebilir izleyebilir now look closely at the last sentence, he can watch, do you notice anything? izle + y + ebilir Theres that buffer y, can you remember why the buffer y was put there? talked about it briefly in a previous lesson. The buffer letter y is put in place there to keep the 2 vowels e and e from being put together. Using the method above try making up your own sentences

lesson 5 - The suffix I cant

To say I cant in turkish you use the suffix emez/amaz example You cant be ol + amaz + sn olamazsn

I cant You cant He cant We cant You cant They cant

emem/amam emezsin emez emeyiz emezsiniz emezler

Looking at the chart above have you noticed anything different? Try looking at I cant and We cant Can you see anything different now? With you cant, he cant, you cant and they cant you use emez/amaz but
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with I cant you use emem and with We cant you use emeyiz So for the sentence I cant come gel + eme + m gelemem We cant stay kal + ama + yz kalamayz Look at some examples below

I cant come You cant be He cant take We cant see You cant give They cant believe

gelemem olamazsn alamaz gremeyiz veremezsiniz inanamazlar

Now try making your own sentences and seeing how well you do

lesson 6 - the suffix let

This lesson is for the let suffix verb + a/e + personal suffix Personal suffixes im

Let me Let you Let him Lets Let you Let them

sin No suffix lim siniz sinler

Example Let me be ol + a + ym olaym
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(notice the buffer y) Let you come gel + e + sin gelesin Let him take al + sn alsn have you noticed with let him/her/it we havent added the a before the personal suffix? With the let him/her/it you dont: you simply either add just the a/e or just sin Let her come gel + sin gelsin Lets believe inan + a + lm inanalm Let you give ver + e + siniz veresiniz Let them promise sz ver + sinler sz versinler Have you noticed with let them we havent added the a before the personal suffix? like the let him/her/it you dont: you simply add sinler

lesson 7 - numbers (1-10)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 bir iki drt be alt yedi sekiz dokuz on
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How to pronounce

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

beer ee key ooch dirt besh al tuh yed e say kiz doh kuz on
Lets just concentrate on numbers 1-10 for the time being.

Lesson 8 - numbers (11-20)

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 on bir on iki on on drt on be on alt on yedi on sekiz on dokuz yirmi
How to pronounce

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

on beer on ee key on ooch on dirt on besh on al tuh on yed e on say kiz on doh kuz year me
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Past tense
To say for example what happened in the past you would use the suffix di (the past tense suffix) di/d/du/d (depending on vowel harmony) Lets do an example Lets take the verb kalmak - to stay first take the mak away leaving you with just the verb base kal then can you see that the last vowel in the verb is a so we use d kal-d kald Now lets take the verb gelmek - to come First take the mek away leaving you with just the verb base gel then you can see that the last vowel in the verb is e so we use di gel-di geldi If the last letter in the verb is either kpt then the d will change to t ti/t/tu/t example: gitmek - to go take the mek away and you are left with the verb stem git the i is the last vowel in the verb so we use ti git ti gitti

I You he/she/it We You

M N NO PERSONAL ENDING K niz/nz/nuz/nz (depending on vowel harmony)

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They

Ler/Lar
I came - gel di m You saw - gr d n He stayed - kal d We went - git ti k You put - koy tu nuz They did - yap t lar

To turn past tense sentences negative simply include me/ma example: gel me di m gelmedim (I did not come) al ma d n almadn (you did not take) koy ma d koymad (she did not put) gr me di k grmedik (we did not see) ye me di niz yemediniz (you did not eat) Ziyaret et me di ler Ziyaret etmediler (they did not visit)

Asking question in past tense to ask a question simply add mi? (m/mu/m) to the end of the sentences example: geldim mi? - did I come? grdn m? - did you see? kald m? - did he stay? ziyaret ettik mi? - did we visit? unuttunuz mu? - did you forget? yapdlar m? - did they do?

Try to do your own sentences until you can be sure that you have learnt this suffix :)

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Personal Pronouns
I (ben) - I am = ben- im You (sen) - You are = sen- in He/she/it (o) We (biz) We are = biz- iz You (siz) You are = siz- siniz They (onlar) They are = onlar - lar Now lets look at some examples: Gzel I am beautiful

You are beautiful He is beautiful We are beautiful You are beautiful They are beautiful
Hasta I am sick

Ben gzel-im Sen gzel-in O gzel Biz gzel-iz Siz gzel-siniz Onlar gzel-ler

gzelim gzelin gzel gzeliz gzelsiniz gzeller

You are sick He is sick We are sick You are sick They are sick

ben hasta-ym sen hasta-sn O hasta Biz hasta-yz Siz hasta-snz Onlar hasta-lar

hastaym hastasn hasta hastayz hastasnz hastalar

You might have noticed with I am sick and we are sick that we have added a y between the hasta and the personal pronoun. That is because hasta ends in a vowel a and the pronoun starts with a vowel ...in turkish you must not put two vowels together, so in order to keep them apart you add the buffer letter y between the vowels

Possessive pronouns
My (ben-im) Your (sen-in) His/her/its (onun - i Our (biz-imiz) Your (Siz-iniz) Their (onlar-leri) Lets do some examples:
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lets look at house which is ev in turkish My house - benim ev-im - evim Your house - senin ev-in - evin His house - onun ev-i - evi Our house - bizim ev-imiz - evimiz Your house - sizin ev-iniz - eviniz Their house - onlarn ev-leri - evleri What about Car which is araba in turkish My car - benim araba-m - arabam Your car - senin araba-n - araban his car - onun araba-s - arabas Our car - bizim araba-mz - arabamz Your car - sizin araba-nz - arabanz Their car - onlarn araba-lar - arabalar Did you notice anything different? Look at the personal suffixes added to araba and then look at the suffixes added to ev.... Have you noticed that in my house for example, we wrote it as evIm but when we wrote, my car we wrote it as, arabaM and we left the out. Thats because the last letter of araba is a vowel a so we must drop the off the personal suffix. So instead of arabam we just say, arabam. Did you also notice that with for example, his car we wrote it as, arabaS....we added that letter s. That again is because of the vowel at the end of araba, we are simply just separating the vowels. my child - benim ocuk-um - ocuum Your child - senin ocuk-un - ocuun his child - onun ocuk-u - ocuu our child - bizim ocuk-umuz - ocuumuz your child - sizin ocuk-unuz - ocuunuz their child - onlarn ocuk-lar - ocuklar my mum - benim anne-im - annem your mum - senin anne-in - annen his mum - onun anne-i - annesi our mum - bizim anne-imiz - annemz your mum - sizin anne-iniz - anneniz their mum - onlarn anne-leri - anneleri

Todays day is.........

To write what the day is in turkish is simple. Will take today, which is Friday. How would one tell someone that today is Friday. With the short sentence below:
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bugn gnlerden Cuma Today is Friday boo-goon goon-lair-den ju-ma Now for the rest of the days: bugn gnlerden Pazartesi Today is Monday bugn gnlerden Sal Today is Tuesday bugn gnlerden aramba Today is Wednesday bugn gnlerden Perembe Today is Thursday bugn gnlerden Cuma Today is Friday bugn gnlerden Cumartesi Today is Saturday bugn gnlerden Pazar Today is Sunday

Todays date
To write the date in Turkish Lets take todays date iki aralk Cuma iki bin on bir 2 December Friday 2011 Friday 2 December 2011 Lets look at some more dates: on ocak on bir on iki 10 January 2012 on be ocak on bir on iki 15 January 2012
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yirmi drt ubat on bir on iki 24 February 2012 Try and work out some of the dates below and translate them in to English: on bir eyll on bir on iki otuz aralk on bir on iki yirmi dokuz kasm on bir on iki yirmi sekiz austos on bir on iki on be mays on bir on iki dokuz mart on bir on iki

The answers below: 11 September 2012 30 December 2012 29 November 2012 28 August 2012 15 May 2012 9 March 2012

Negatives
Negatives in Turkish deil bu bir araba deil - This is not a car o ok gzel deil - She is not very beautiful bu araba beyaz deil - This car is not white bu ev satlk deil - This house is not for sale bu araba onun deil - bu araba onun deil bu araba ucuz deil - This car is not cheap bu ocuk hasta deil - This child is not sick bu duvar seviye deil - This wall is not level bu ofis ak deil - This office is not open
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Now you have an idea of how to make a sentence negative try and make up your own negative sentences

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