NPTEL Syllabus

Multicomponent Mass Transfer - Video course

COURSE OUTLINE After successfully completing the course the student should be able to 1. Appreciate the difference between multicomponent and binary mass transfer. 2. Develop mass transfer relations from Fickian, Maxwell-Stefan, irreversible thermodynamics and lattice approach for gases, liquids and solids. 3. Understand various models of interphase mass transfer and estimate multicomponent mass transfer coefficients. 4. Understand and be able to handle the physical and mathematical complexities involved in multicomponent mass transfer. Contents The course can be subdivided in two subheadings viz., Diffusion and Interphase mass transfer. 1. Diffusion: Maxwell-Stefan's, Fickian, Maxwell-Stefan, Irreversible Thermodynamics and Lattice theory approaches to multicomponent diffusion. Stoke's-Einstein approach to diffusion in liquids. Estimation of multicomponent Diffusion Coefficients. 2. Interphase mass transfer: Mass transfer coefficients, bootstrap matrix, Film Theory, Surface renewal models, Mass transfer in drops and bubbles, mass transfer in turbulent flows. COURSE DETAIL S.No Topics No. of Hours Coordinators: Dr. Rajesh Khanna Department of Chemical EngineeringIIT Delhi

NPTEL
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in

Chemical Engineering
Pre-requisites: Basics of Mass Transfer, Matrix Algebra and Calculus.

Review of Preliminary Concepts, Definitions.

Maxwell-Stefan approach for ideal Gases.

Maxwell-Stefan approach to real gases and liquids.

Irreversible Thermodynamics approach to diffusion.

Lattice Theory approach to diffusion.

Stoke's-Einstein approach to diffusion in liquids.

Multicomponent diffusion problems in single phase.

Interphase mass transfer.

Film and Surface renewal theories of mass transfer.

10

Mass transfer in drops and bubbles.

11

Turbulent mass transfer.

Total

40

Detailed Course (Modular Lecture Plan) 1. Introduction Topics a. b. c. d. What is mass transfer? Diffusion and advection. Generalized driving force for diffusion. Examples of processes in which multicomponent mass transfer is important. e. When should multicomponent analysis be preferred over binary analysis? Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to appreciate the context dependence of diffusion and advection. be able to identify the correct driving force for diffusion. be able to define multicomponent mass transfer. become familiar with some processes in which multicomponent mass transfer is important be able to decide when to use a multicomponent approach over binary approach. 2. Ficks approach to multicomponent diffusion Topics a. Fick's first law for diffusion in binary mixtures. b. Fick's first law for diffusion in multicomponent mixtures. c. Limitations and strength of Fick's law in describing diffusion in multicomponent mixtures. Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to write Fick's law for multicomponent mass transfer. appreciate the limitations and strengths of Fick's law in describing multicomponent mass transfer. 3. Maxwell-Stefan approach to multicomponent diffusion

Topics a. Framework, definitions and nomenclature for Maxwell-Stefan approach b. Development of multicomponent analysis from binary analysis c. Maxwell-Stefan treatment of thermodynamic non-ideality d. Diffusion in gases Collision Frequency approach to diffusion in gases Development of constitutive relation Estimation of binary diffusion coefficients Estimation of multicomponent diffusion coefficients e. Diffusion in liquids Stokes-Einstein approach to diffusion in liquids Development of constitutive relation Estimation of binary diffusion coefficients Estimation of multicomponent diffusion coefficients f. Diffusion in solids Lattice Theory approach to diffusion in solids Development of constitutive relation Estimation of binary diffusion coefficients Estimation of multicomponent diffusion coefficients Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to understand Maxwell-Stefan approach of combining fluxes. write Maxwell-Stefan equations for diffusion in gases, liquids and solids. understand Maxwell-Stefan approach for including thermodynamic non-ideality. 4. Irreversible Thermodynamics approach to multicomponent diffusion Topics a. Concept of local equilibrium b. Onsagar's Inverse Coefficients Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to apply thermodynamic relations to diffusion estimate Onsagar's coefficient from experimental data 5. Mass transfer in single phase Topics a. Combining diffusion and continuity equation b. Linear theory of Toor-Stewart-Prober c. Decoupling and solution of multicomponent mass transfer equations. Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to write mass transfer equations in single phase using diffusivity approach. generate solution of multicomponent problems from binary solutions. 6. Interphase mass transfer Topics a. b. c. d. e. f. Mass transfer coefficients Bootstrap problem Models for interfaces Steady State models Unsteady state models Mass transfer in drops, bubbles and jets

g. Estimation of multicomponent mass transfer coefficients Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to write mass transfer equations based on mass transfer coefficient approach estimate absolute fluxes from diffusive fluxes estimate mass transfer coefficients from experimental data Solve interphase mass transfer problems 7. Turbulent Mass Transfer Topics a. b. c. d. Constitutive relations for turbulent mass transfer Turbulent eddy diffusivity models Turbulent mass transfer in binary mixtures Turbulent mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures

Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to write mass transfer equations in turbulent flow estimate mass transfer coefficients for turbulent mass transfer 8. Equipment for Measuring Multicomponent Diffusion coefficients Topics a. b. c. d. Stefan's tube Lochsmidt tube Diffusion bulbs Interferometers

Modular objective: After completing this module the student should be able to write and solve diffusion equations for these equipment and related geometries. experimentally measure the multicomponent diffusion coefficients. compare various equipment for measuring multicomponent diffusion coefficients.

References: 1. Multicomponent Mass Transfer by R. Taylor and R. Krishna, John Wiley and Sons (1993). 2. Multicomponent Diffusion by E. L. Cussler, Elsevier (1976).
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