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 BLS
Original power point created by:

In June 2oo7

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 Steps To Follow In BLS
1. Check the responsiveness of the victim
2. Call for Emergency medical health
3. Position victim on his or her back
4. Open the airway
5. Assess breathing
6. Assess circulation
7. Stay with the victim until help arrives.
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Choking

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 Choking
Steps to follow in conscious victim:

Encourage the victim to cough

Call for emergency help
Open the airway, don’t give up
Use the Heimlich Maneuver
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 Choking
Steps to follow in unconscious victim:
1. Call for emergency help

2. Open the airway, don’t give up

3. Assess responsiveness and breathing

4. Perform Heimlich Manuever

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Choking Adult

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Choking Child

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Choking Infant

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Cardio-Pulmonary
Resuscitation

CPR

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 CPR
CPR is combination of artificial ventilation

and artificial circulation.

It should only be done by a qualified person
Periodic retraining is required

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Steps Of CPR

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 First
 Check for responsiveness?

 If unconscious, call

997

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 Second
Open the airway,

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 Third
Check for breathing,

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 Fourth
Give two rescue breaths,

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 Fifth
Check the pulse,

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 Sixth
Start CPR,

(30 Compressions & 2 Breaths)

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Compression

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Breathing

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What we should do after the breathing and
pulse return
???

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We should put the victim in the recovery position

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 Allergic Reactions
Signs of allergic reactions include
Difficulty breathing

Wheezing

Swollen lips, tongue, and ears

Skin swelling and itching

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 Allergic Reactions
Treatment
1. Contact Medical Help

2. Keep victim quiet in a comfortable position

3. If victim stops breathing, give artificial

ventilation

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 Bites and Stings (bees)
Treatment
1. Remove stinger with a flicking motion

2. If victim shows signs, treat for allergic

react

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 Bites and Stings (animal)
Treatment
1. Seek medical attention

2. Lie victim down and immobilize limb

3. If the skin is broken, wash with soap

and water.
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 Snake Bites
Treatment
1. Lie victim down and immobilize the
limb
2. Make the limb below heart level
3. Flush the area with water
4. Transport victim to hospital
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Bleeding

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 Bleeding
Treatment
Call for medical help

Keep victim lying down

Place pad directly over wound

Apply direct pressure firmly with both hands

Raise bleeding part higher than rest of body

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 Epistaxis
(nose bleeding)

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 Epistaxis
(treatment)

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 Epistaxis
Treatment
Make the person in sitting position with his head

forward
Press on the nose by your fingers for 10 minutes

Till the person to spit out any blood

If the bleeding did not stop, transport to the

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Burns

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 Burns
The main objective is to prevent shock and

contamination.
All burns should be attended to by a physician
Do not apply ointments
Do not open the blisters

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 Treatment
Cool quickly with water

Place clean cloth over burned area

Keep victim lying down

Don’t give any fluids

Call for medical health

Place head and chest lower than rest of body

Raise legs if possible

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Fractures

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 First Aid
Stop bleeding if present
Don’t move the victim
Leave the limp in the

position you found it

Apply a splint for fixation

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 Spine or Neck Injuries
Do not move victim unless needed
Get medical help
Do not move head except to keep airway open
If victim vomits, roll to his side. Don’t turn head
Monitor breathing

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 Heat Exhaustion
Signs include:
Pale and clammy skin
Profuse perspiration
Rapid pulse
Weakness
Headache
Nausea, cramps in abdomen and limbs.
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 Heat Exhaustion
Treatment
Contact emergency medical help
Have victim lie down, elevate feet
Move victim to shade or cool place
Give victim diluted salt water

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 Heat Stroke
Signs include
Flushed hot and dry skin
Rapid
Weak pulse
Confusion and unconscious

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 Heat Stroke
Treatment
Get medical help, delays could be fatal

Cool body by spraying or sponging with

cool water
Liquids, but no alcohol

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 Seizures and Convulsions
A seizure is not a medical emergency.
It usually ends in a few minutes.
If it lasts more than 15 minutes, get medical

help.

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 Seizures and Convulsions
Treatment
Make the victim lying on the back and put a pillow

under his head

Do not restrain the victim

Do not place finger or hard objects in the mouth

When seizure ends, take victim to comfortable area

and allow him to sleep if he wish

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 Shock
Signs include
Cold, pale skin with sweaty forehead and palms
 Shaking chills
Nausea, vomiting
Shallow, rapid breathing
Usually accompanies severe injury

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 Shock
Treatment
Get medical help
Correct the cause of the shock
Keep victim’s airway open
If victim vomits, prevent choking
Elevate victims legs
Keep victim comfortable and warm
Reassure victim

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