1

DIKTAT
PHYSICS
For Junior High School
1
st
Semester Grade VIII
THE 1
st
EDISION







BY :
Endang Teguh Rahaju



Untuk kalangan sendiri











2

Kata Pengantar
Puji dan syukur dipanjatkan ke hadirat Allah Swt, atas rahmat dan karunia yang telah dilimpahkan
kepada penulis, sehingga penyusunan diktat ini dapat terlaksana dengan baik.
Adapun penulisan diktat PYSICS ini bertujuan mempermudah atau memperkaya materi
berbahasa Inggris pelajaran siswa-siswi SMP N 4 RSBI Surakarta. Diktat ini berfungsi untuk menambah
materi pelajaran yang dirasakan guru belum lengkap baik yang tercantum dalam buku pelajaran ataupun
buku paket
Penulisan diktat ini dapat terlaksana dengan baik berkat kerja keras penulis dan partisipasi dari
berbagai pihak. Berkenaan dengan itu, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada :
1. Bapak Kepala Sekolah SMP N 4 RSBI Surakarta yang telah mempercayakan penulisan materi
ini.
2. Rekan-rekan SMP N 4 Surakarta atas bantuanya , sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan
materi ini.
3. Semua pihak yang telah memberikan berbagai jenis bantuan.
Semoga segala bantuan dan pengorbanan yang telah diberikan menjadi amal baik dan dilimpahi rahmat
oleh Allah Swt.Akhirnya, semoga diktat ini dapat memberikan manfaat pada kita,khususnya bagi siswa
siswi SMP N 4 RSBI Surakrta.



Surakrata, Nopember 2011














3

Chapter 1
The Scientific Method


Standar Kompetensi :
1. Memahami prosedur ilmiah untuk mempelajari benda-benda alam dengan menggunakan peralatan
Kompetensi Dasar :
1.1. Menerapkan metode ilmiah
Indikator Pencapaian :
1.1.1 Memahami prinsip-prinsip metode ilmiah
6, 18
.
1.1.2 Memberikan contoh-contoh penerapan metode ilmiah yang dilakukan para peneliti bidang sains
15,
25
.
1.1.3 Merancang penelitian sederhana dengan menggunakan metode ilmiah
5, 18

1.1.4 Melakukan penelitian sederhana dengan menggunakan metode ilmiah
13, 15, 23, 24

1.1.5 Mengkomunikasikan secara ilmiah hasil penelitian sederhana
5, 13, 21,



1.1 The Scientific Method


The scientific method is a guideline for investigating scientific and technical problems.Scientists
and engineer are formally trained in a scientific method but every person will modify the guidelines for
their own work.When developing your science fair project keep an open mind.
If you are doing an experimental research project there is most likely a project process that you
must follow.A key objective is for you to correctly apply the scientific method within your project
process.method.
4

The outline presented here is a common project process that incorporates the scientific method.If
you are using this outline for a school project,first show it to your teacher to get approval
The Scientific Method Sample
1.Choose your Topic
2.Identify at Problem
3.Research the Problem
4.Form a Hypothesis
5.Design the Experiments
6.Test the Hypothesis
7.Analyze the Results
8.Formulate and Report Conclutions
The difference between the independent and dependent variables?

Independent Variable :
The independent, or manipulated variable, is a factor thats intentionally varied by the
experimenter.
Dependent Variable :
The dependent, or responding variable, is the factor that may change as a result of changes made
in the independent variable.


- WORKSHEET 1 The Science Metode

5



















6


Chapter 2
Measuremen Mistake



Standar Kompetensi :
1.Memahami prosedur ilmiah untuk mempelajari benda-benda alam dengan menggunakan peralatan

Kompetensi Dasar :
1.2 Mengenal konsep pengukuran, alat ukur, dan cara penggunaannya
Indikator Pencapaian :


1.2.1Mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis kesalahan pengukuran
5, 13,22







2.1 Mistake Measurement
Why a measurement always lighted upon mistake ? source of mistake can be classified as
follows.

1 Existence of smallest scale
Like measuring instrument example in the face of owning scale in so many kinds of form , but
each;every scale have definition , that is smallest scale which can read.

.2 Mistake have System
This Mistake coming from:Mistake calibrate, that is : adjustment give an assess its making
moment scale line.mistake Dot zero which caused shifting of indicator zero which is equal to from line
zero scale mistake other Appliance like weaken used spiral spring or happened friction among
indicative needle and scale area and Mistake approach direction read scale value for example if any
distance among line and needle - scale line .

3 Mistake uncertain (rambang ).
This mistake generated by condition of environment which uncertain bothering measuring
instrument activity, for example air molecule Brownian movement. Fluctuation high voltage and noise (
electronic noise) having the character of random and difficult to control.

4 Mistake observer .
This mistake may not be assumed light because limitation the observer . among others less skillful
use appliance , more sophisticated appliance which its entangling it which component which must be
arranged, or less keen it eye read smooth scale etcetera.

7

2.2.1 Concep Map


2.2.2 Measurement Errors
In the previous sections we have seen that most of the survey techniques that can be used
underwater rely on being able to measure distances and depths. All distance and depth measurements
have errors. This section explains these errors, why some survey techniques are more accurate than others
and why we take check measurements. The ideas in this section are based on statistics so if it gets a bit
complicated then skip to the next section and come back here later.
2.2.3 Types of Error
There are three types of errors; mistakes, systematic errors and random errors.
1. Typical mistakes include reading the wrong numbers from a tape measure, making a measurement
with the tape snagged around some ship's structure or reading the wrong values from a form when
processing the measurements. Mistakes are sometimes called gross errors or blunders.
8

2. Systematic errors are ones that can be repeated and can be accounted for in processing. If you
calibrate a tape measure against a known standard and find that it always measures distances that
are too long, the difference is a systematic error and can be removed when the measurements are
processed.
3. Tape measurement made several times under the same conditions is unlikely to give exactly the
same value for each measurement. Judgement of the tape reading will vary as will tension on the
tape depending on how hard you pull. If you remove the mistakes and the systematic errors then
some variation in the repeated measurements will still be seen, this is called random error.
The procedures we use for making measurements and then processing them to form a site plan should
aim to remove mistakes and systematic errors. We cannot remove the effects of random error but we can
ensure that they are kept within acceptable limits
2.4 .Recommendations
1. Expect to make mistakes
2. Make check measurements
3. Be aware of the effects of measurement error
4. Use least squares to adjust measurements for accurate work
- WORKSHEET 2 Measuremen Mistake






















9

Chapter 3
Quantities
Standar Kompetensi :
1.Memahami prosedur ilmiah untuk mempelajari benda-benda alam dengan menggunakan peralatan

Kompetensi Dasar :
1.3Mendeskripsikan besaran pokok dan besaran turunan beserta satuannya

Indikator Pencapaian :
1.3.1 Menyebutkan macam-macam besaran pokok
1.3.2 Memberi contoh mendapatkan besaran turunan dari besaran pokok
1.3.3 Menyatakan hasil pengukuran menggunakan penulisan ilmiah
5,13,22

1.3.4 Memberi contoh besaran skalar dan besaran vektor
1.3.5 Memahami perbedaan antara kelajuan dan kecepatan, jarak tempuh dan perubahan posisi sebagai
contoh besaran skalar dan vector.


3.1 Fundamental Quantities
Based on the results of the 14th General Conference on Weight and Measurement in 1971, the
International System uses the 7 fundamental quantities .
The SI fundamental quantities and their units
Table I-1. Seven Base Quantities
Quantity Unit Symbol Dimension
Length meter m M
Mass kilogram kg L
Time second s T
Electric Current ampere A I
Thermodynamic
kemperature
kelvin K
u
Amount of
substance
mole mol N
Luminous intensity candela cd J





10

3.2 Derived Quantities
Quantities which are derived from basic quatities or quantities obtained from the calculations , not
the measurement.
Table 2.
Quantities SI Units (MKS) CGS US Common Dimension
Length meter (m) Centimeter
(cm)
Foot (ft) L
Time second (s) second (s) Second (s) T
Mass kilogram (kg) gram (gr) slug M
Velocity m/s cm/s ft/s L/T
Acceleration m/s
2
cm/s
2
ft/s
2
L/T
2
Force kg m/s
2
=
Newton (N)
gr m/s
2
=
dyne
slug ft/s
2
=
pound (lb)
M L/T
2

Work N m = joule (j) dyne cm =
erg
lb ft = ft lb M L
2
/T
2

Energy joule erg ft lb M L
2
/T
2

Power j/s = watt erg/s ft lb/s M L
2
/T
3



- WORKSHEET 3 Quantities



1. Bellow the data of velocity (v) respect to the time(t)
t(s) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
V(m/s) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Draw a graph based on the data above with x-axis as a time (t) and y-axis as a velocity (v).
2. .Experimental procedures
1. Read the data on the table
2. Making the graph base on the data
3. Make the straight line that connecting two points on the graph
4. Make horizontal and vertical line from the line so that form a triangle.
5. Measure the length of horizontal and vertical line
6. Analyzing the speed base on the graph


11

A car travels 10 km due east and then makes a U-turn back to travels a further distance of 7 km.
Calculate.
(a) the distance traveled by the car, and
(b) the displacement of the car
(c) Drawing the graph base on the data!

Answer: 10 km




7 km
(a) Distance traveled = 10 + 7
= 17 km
(b) Displacement = 10 7
= 3 km due east













Time taken, (second) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Displacement, (meter) 0 50 100 200 350 550 850 120
0
12

The table above shows the displacement of a car on a straight road from its point after 10 s, 20 s,
30 s, and so on. If we plot the displacement against time, we obtain a graph as shown in above. In
each successive time interval, -10 s, 10-20 s, and so on, the car covers a greater distance than in the
previous one. This means the car is going faster and faster.
F.Conclusions
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................
Scoring scheme

N
o

Scoring aspects
Score
1 2 3 4
1
.





2
.




3
Preparation
a.Appararatus and materials are complete
b.Apparatus and materials used by the student are correct
for achieving the experimental objectives
c.All apparatus and materials are arranged neatly

Performing experiment
a.the scale and the formed of the graph
b.Measurement of the horizontal line
c.Measurement of the vertical line
d.Working in group
Experimental results
a.Analyzing of the graph
b.conclusions











Total Score 36


13



Rating mark:
1. If the student did nothing
2. If the student did incorrectly
3. If the student did correctly but not perfectly
4. If the student did perfectly correct







































100
36
achieved Score
mark Final =
14

Chapter 4
Measurement

Standar Kompetensi :
1.Memahami prosedur ilmiah untuk mempelajari benda-benda alam dengan menggunakan
Peralatan.

Kompetensi Dasar :
1.4 Melakukan pengukuran dasar secara teliti dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang sesuai dan sering
digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Indikator Pencapaian :

1.4.1 Menggunakan penggaris, mikrometer, dan jangka sorong untuk menentukan panjang
22,23,28,30
1.4.2 Menggunakan neraca Ohaus, neraca pegas, atau alat ukur massa lainnya
22,23,28,30
1.4.3 Menggunakan jam, stopwatch atau alat ukur rentang waktu, termasuk periode
ayunan
22,23,28,30
1.4.4 Menggunakan thermometer untuk mengukur temperatur
22,23,28,30
1.4.5 Menggunakan gelas ukur untuk mengukur volume benda yang tidak beraturan
bentuknya
22,23,28,30


4.1 Measurement
Measuring is to compare a physical quantity of an object with standard similar quantity used as a
standard unit.





15

4.2 Measuring Systems
In the past, people used their body as units of mesurement such as fathoms, span, and step. But
those units are not standard and can cause difficulty in communicating them.
You may hear people use units of measurement such as: gallon of water, yard of thread, and inch
of pipe . Those units are examples of units in the British system. Since 1700 some scientists have used a
measuring system called the metric system. Then, in 1960 the metric system was used and officially
called the international system or SI units (La Systeme International dUnites).In the SI, each
fundamental quantity has its own unit; metre for length, second for time, and kilogram for mass.
Conversion : An equation must always be dimensionally consistent; this means that two terms
may be added or equated only if they have the same units.

4.3 Scientific Notation
In calculation with very large or very small numbers, we encounter the difficulty because we have
to write a series of number. To overcome this difficulty one use the scientific notation, i.e.the
scientifically methode to write the number.
Table of the scientific notation is given in Table.
Table 3. The Scientific Notation
Number Powers of ten Prefix Symbol

0.000 000 000 000 000 001
10
-18

exa E
0.000 000 000 000 001
10
-15

femto f
0.000 000 000 001
10
-12

pico p
0.000 000 001
10
-9

nano n
0.000 001
10
-6

mikro

0.001
10
-3

mili m
0.01
10
-2

centi c
0.1
10
-1

deci d
10
10
1

deka da
100
10
2

hecto h
1000
10
3

kilo k
1,000,000
10
6

mega M
1,000,000,000
10
9

giga G
1,000,000,000,000
10
12

tera T
1,000,000,000,000,000
10
15

peta P
1,000,000,000,000,000 000
10
18

atto a

16


4.3.1 Length
Length uses SI unit in metre (m). One standard metre is the same as the distance traveled by light
in a vacuum Some tools for measuring length: a. ruler, b. vernier caliper, and c. metre tape. The smallest
scale for a metre tape and ruler is 1 mm, while for a vernier caliper it is 0.1 mm.

1.Metre Rule



Figure . The correct position to read the scale is at B. The actual reading is 8.3 cm. If the eye is
placed at A or C, the reading obtained is inaccurate. The type of error due to the incorrect positioning of
the eye with respect to the marking of the scale is known as parallax error.
To measure lengths, we can use rulers or measuring tapes. The correct way to read the scale on a
ruler is shown in Figure . Place your eye perpendicularly at the required mark on the scale to minimize
parallax error. We can only measure with an accuracy up to 0.1 cm using a ruler. This means that the
reading may be 0.1 cm more (+0.1 cm) than the actual reading or 0.1 cm less (- 0.1 cm) than actual
reading. For smaller lengths or for greater accuracy we need special instruments like the vernier calipers
or the micrometer screw gauge.

2......


3.......


17

3......






4.3.2 Mass
Every substance consists of materials. The amount of materials in the substance is called mass.The
mass of an object is measured with lever balance, while the weight is measured with spring balance. Both
balances are mechanical balances. Nowadays a more accurate balance, a digital balance is widely used.


1. FigureTriple beam balance for measuring mass


2. Figure One kilogram standard is kept in Sevres, Paris, France.


1 2
5
500 400 300 200
100 90
0
80
0
70
0
60
0
50
0
40
0
20
0
10
0
10
0
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 1 0
0
0
18

4.3.3 Time
The SI unit for time is second (s).One standard second is the time needed by cesium atom to
vibrate 9,192,631,770 times.Time shows the duration between two occurrences or events.Some tools to
measure time watch and stopwatch.
4.3.4 Temperature
Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to another object. Indicates
that heat flows from the object with a higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature.Is
measured using a thermometer.

1.....



There are faure temperature scales in use today.
For Kelvin the scale of 273

-373,
For Celsius the scale of 0
0
-100
0
,
For Reaumur the scale of 0
0
-180
0
,
For Fahrenheit the scale of 32
0
-212
0
Kelvin temperature scale is the base unit of thermodynamic temperature measurement in the
International System (SI) of measurement the Kelvin (Symbol K without the degree sign).The
relationship of K, C, R and F scale can be seen in the following figure,






-

The Formula :
1. K = t
0
C

+ 273
2. C : K : R : F-32 = 100 : 100 : 80 : 180.
4.3.5 Measurement of Volume
4.3.5.1 Direct Measuremen Using Of Regular Volume
C F
R
K
100C 212F 80R 373K
50C 122F 40R 323 K
0C 32F 0R 273 K
17,7
C
0F
The upper fixed
point
The upper fixed
point
35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
19

The volume of an object with a regular shape can be calculated after measuring the lengths of its
sides, its diameter, or other lengths. Then the appropriate formulae (as described below) for the volumes
are used. The SI units for volume is cubic metres (m
3
).
Volume of a cube = length
3

Volume of a rectangular block = length width height
Volume of a sphere =
3
3
4
r t |
.
|

\
|
(where r is the radius)
Volume of a cylinder = t r
2
h (where r is the radius and h is the height)
Volume can be expressed as mm
3
, cm
3
or m
3
. Sometimes you will see litres being used.
1 litre (l) is equivalent to 1000 cm
3
.

4.3.5.2 Indirect Measurement Using Of Irregular Volume
The volume of an object with an irregular shape can be measured by using a measuring cylinder or
displacement can. Two figures below are shown methods to measure the volume of an irregular shape
object.
Volume is the number of spaces used by a body.Similar to area, volume is also derived of basic
quantities that are the product of three.
Solid which have uniform shape such as, cube, cuboids, sphere, and tube their volume can be
calculated by using certain formula. For example :
Mean while solids which have no uniform (irregular form) shape such as rock, stone, its volume can
be calculated directly. The measurement of its volume is done by using a measuring glass.
For example: V
1
= initial volume ,V
2
= final volumethe rock
The formula is





V = V
2
V
1

20



- WORKSHEET 4 Measurement

Measuring Length Using Vernier Calipers
A. What do you need?
2. Vernier calipers
3. Test tube
4. A book
5. Students worksheet
B. Procedure
1. Close the jaws of the vernier calipers. Record the zero error, if any, under Results on the
next page.







21

2. To measure the external diameter of the test tube, open the jaws and place a test tube into the
space between the jaws. Then, close the jaws until they hold the test tube firmly
3. Measure the external diameter.




























22

Chapter 5
Element, Compoun and Mixture
Standar Kompetensi :
3.Memahami unsur, senyawa, dan campuran
Kompetensi Dasar :
3.1 Menjelaskan pengertian unsur, senyawa dan campuran.
Indikator Pencapaian :

3.1.1 Dari contoh-contoh unsur dan senyawa yang ditemukan oleh peserta didik atau diberikan oleh
guru, peserta didik dapat membedakan unsur dan senyawa berdasarkan jenis atom penyusunnya.
5,
22
3.1.2 Berdasarkan jenis atom penyusunnya, peserta didik dapat memberikan pengertian unsur dan
senyawa.
22, 24
3.1.3 Melalui percobaan sederhana tentang daya hantar panas dan listrik, peserta didik dapat
membandingkan perbedaan sifat unsur logam dan nonlogam.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.1.4 Melalui percobaan sederhana peserta didik dapat menjelaskan pengertian campuran.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19,
22, 24, 27, 28, 31



5.1 Matter Classification
What is the meaning of matter or substance?In this case, the matter is also known as substance.
Defined of matter or substance is everything having mass and .a space?
Hence, all objects created by god in this nature are matters
Water, air, rock, salt, iron, and other objects, including our bodies are matters or substances
Generally matter can be classified into a groups. Based on the phase, matter is classified into solid, liquid,
and gas. In relation to our dissention in this chapter then the classificatio
Classifying Matter According to its Composition: Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures












Matter
Pure
Substances
Elements Compounds
Mixtures
23



Elemen Compound

Homogeneuos Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture



Elements can not be broken down into simpler substances, i.e. silver (Ag)






24

Metals and Non-metals

M Me et ta al ls s N No on n- -m me et ta al ls s
S Sh hi in ny y D Du ul ll l
U Us su ua al ll ly y s so ol li id ds s C Ca an n b be e g ga as se es s, , l li iq qu ui id ds s o or r s so ol li id ds s
M Ma al ll le ea ab bl le e, , d du uc ct ti il le e B Br ri it tt tl le e

G Go oo od d h he ea at t a an nd d e el le ec ct tr ri ic ci it ty y c co on nd du uc ct to or rs s P Po oo or r h he ea at t a an nd d e el le ec ct tr ri ic ci it ty y c co on nd du uc ct to or rs s

Compounds substance composed of two or more elements in fixed proportions, i.e. H
2
O & CO
2

1. Prousts law
In 1794 , a French chemist, Joseph Louis Proust ( 1754 1826 ) proposed in his paper a law
about compounds known as the fixed proportional law or Prousts law, which prescribes The mass
ratio of elements of a compound components is constant .A compound is single substace which can
still be dissociated into other simpler substance ( component elements ) through an ordinary chemical
reaction. In other works, a compound is combination of some elements with constant ratio, and it is
formed through an ordinary chemical reaction.
Example : H
2
O the means are consists of 2 Hydrogen element and 1 Oxygen element
And the ratio equals is 2 x mass H : 1 x mass O
H : O = 1 x 2 : 1 x 16 = 2 : 16 = 1 : 8
2.Pure Substance
Composed of one type of atom or molecule
Own set of physical and chemical properties
Mixtures composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules.Physical and chemical
properties vary with the proportions of the components of the mixture








25


- WORKSHEET 5 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

SUPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS
1. What is element? Explain.
2. What is atom? Explain.
3. How many naturally occurring elements are there?
4. Berzellius symbol of elements usually use 2 letters. Write the symbols for elements hydrogen,
helium, sodium and polonium.
5. Write the name of this following elements: K, Cl, Br and Fe.

MULTIPLE CHOICES QUESTIONS
1. An element
a. can not be divided into two simpler substance
b. can be divided into two or more simpler substances
c. can be created by combining two or more simple substances
d. No answer is correct.

2. Element potassium chemical symbol is
a. K
b. Po
c. P
d. Pu

3. Elements particles can be in the form of
a. atoms
b. molecules
c. atoms and molecules
d. compounds

4. If you heat sugar up, youll observe that the sugar change into black substance. This black
substance is carbon, carbon is
a. an element
b. a molecule
c. a compound
d. a mixture

5. There are naturally occurring elements.
a. more than 100
b. less than 100
c. 100
d. No answer is correct.

6. A compound
a. is a pure substance.
b. contains only one type of molecule.
c. is made of different atoms.
d. All answers correct.

7. Water formula is H
2
O. if there are 100 molecule of H
2
O in a container, how many oxygen atoms
will be in that container?
26

a. 100
b. 200
c. 300
d. No answer is correct.

8. A molecule that consists of three of more atoms is called
a. monoatomic atom
b. diatomic molecule
c. triatomic molecule
d. polyatomic molecule

9. Which of these molecules is a compound?
a. N
2

b. Cl
2

c. CO
2

d. O
3


10. The correct formula for potassium nitrate is
a. PNO
3

b. PoNO
3

c. NaNO
3

d. KNO
3




















27


Chapter 6
Mixture
Standar Kompetensi :
3.Memahami unsur, senyawa, dan campuran
Kompetensi Dasar :
3.2Menjelaskan perbedaan antara campuran homogen dan campuran heterogen
Indikator Pencapaian :
3.2.1 Melalui percobaan sederhana peserta didik dapat menjelaskan perbedaan antara campuran
homogen dan campuran heterogen.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.2.2 Berdasarkan contoh-contoh yang ada di lingkungannya, peserta didik dapat menjelaskan adanya 3
jenis campuran homogen, yaitu campuran homogen dalam fase gas (misalnya udara), fase cair
(misalnya larutan alkohol dalam air), dan fase padat (misalnya cincin emas 18 karat).
5, 22, 24
3.2.3 Berdasarkan jenis atom-atom yang terdapat di dalam suatu unsur dan senyawa, peserta didik
dapat memberikan alasan yang menunjukkan bahwa unsur dan senyawa merupakan zat murni.
5, 22
3.2.4 Berdasarkan macam zat yang ada dalam suatu campuran, peserta didik dapat memberikan alasan
yang menunjukkan bahwa campuran bukan merupakan zat murni.
5, 22

6.1 Mixture
A mixture is a substance which consists of combination of some other substances which are
different in kind without inconstant ratio.Mixtures consist of heterogeneous and homogeneous
mixtures.The heterogeneous mixture consists of suspension and colloid, whileThe homogeneous one is
also called solution.Examples of suspension are the mixture between oil and water, the river water
,seawater ,whitewash, and so on .Examples of colloid are milk, smoke ,fog ,jelly , and so on












28

Chapter 7
Property of Mixture and Compound

Standar Kompetensi :
3.Memahami unsur, senyawa, dan campuran
Kompetensi Dasar :
3.3Mendiskripsikan sifat senyawa dan campuran.
Indikator Pencapaian :
3.3.1 Berdasarkan sifat-sifat fisika yang teramati, peserta didik dapat mendiskripsikan sifat senyawa
dan campuran.
5, 22, 24
3.3.2 Berdasarkan contoh-contoh yang ada di lingkungannya, peserta didik dapat membandingkan sifat
intensif dan sifat ekstensif zat.
5, 22, 24
3.3.3 Melalui percobaan sederhana peserta didik dapat membandingkan sifat-sifat fisika dan sifat-sifat
kimia zat.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31



7.1 TABLE .PROPERTIES DEFFERENCES BETWEEN MIXTURES AND COMPOUNDS
NO COMPOUND
senyawa
MIXTURE
campuran
1. A COMPOUND IS FORMED
THROUGH A CHEMICAL REACTION.
Senyawa terbentuk melalui reaksi kimia
A MIXTURE IS FORMED WITHOUT
A CHEMICAL REACTION
Campuran terbentuk tanpa melalui reaksi
kimia
2. IN A COMPOUND THE MASS RATIO
OF THE COMPONENT ELEMENTS IS
CONSTANT OR DEFINITE
(COMPLIES WITH THE LAW OF
CONSERFATION OF MASS)
Di senyawa perbandingan massa unsur-
unsur penyusunya adalah tetap dan
tertentu (memenuhi hukum kekekalan
massa)
IN A MIXTURE THE MASS RATIO OF
THE COMPONENT SUBTANCES
(ELEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS)IS
INCONSTANT OR UNCLEAR
Di campuran perbandingan massa zat
pembentuknya (unsure atau senyawa) tidak
tetap atau tidak jelas.
3. COMPOUND IS FORMED ONLY
FROM SOME ELEMENTS
Senyawa terbentuk dari beberapa unsure
atau beberapa senyawa
MIXTURE IS FORMED FROM SOME
ELEMENTS OR SOME COMPOUNDS
Campuran terbentuk dari beberapa unsur atau
beberapa senyawa
4. COMPOUNDTHE PROPERTIES OF
ITS COMPONENTS ARE DIFFERENT
FROM THE ORIGINAL PROPERTIES
Sifat komponen-komponennya tidak
seperti sifat asalnya.
MIXTURE COMPONENTS STILL HAVE
THEIR PROPERTIES
Komponen-komponen masih memiliki sifat
masing-masing
29






















































5. COMPOUND CAN ONLY BE
DISSOCIATED INTO ITS
COMPONENTS USING A CHEMICAL
REACTION
Senyawa hanya dapat diuraikan menjadi
komponen-komponennya menggunakan
reaksi kimia.
MIXTURE CAN BE DISSOCIATED INTO
ITS COMPONENTS USING A PHYSICAL
PROCESS :
- Filtration
- Evaporation
- Destillation
- Crystallization
- Chromatography
- Sublimation
Campuran dapat diuraikan menjadi
komponen-komponennya melalui proses
fisika:

- Penyaringan
- Penguapan (evaporasi)
- Penyulingan (destilasi)
- Pengkristalan
- Kromatografi
- Sublimasi



30


- WORKSHEET 6 Property Of Mixture and Compound


















































31

Chapter 8
Physical and Chemical Properties



Standar Kompetensi :
3.Memahami unsur, senyawa, dan campuran
Kompetensi Dasar :
3.4Mendiskripsikan sifat-sifat fisika dan sifat-sifat kimia zat.
Indikator Pencapaian :
3.4.1 Melalui percobaan sederhana peserta didik dapat membandingkan sifat-sifat fisika dan sifat-sifat
kimia zat.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31






8.1 Physical properties:

1. Appearance,
2. Hardness
3. Odor
4. Density
5 Viscosity
6. Electrical
7. Conductivity
8. Boiling point
9. Melting point

8.2 Chemical properties:
1.Describe reactivity, i.e. Flammabilit

- WORKSHEET 8







32


Chapter 9
Matter
Standar Kompetensi :
3.Memahami unsur, senyawa, dan campuran
Kompetensi Dasar:
3.5 Melakukan pemisahan komponen-komponen campuran dengan berbagai cara berdasarkan sifat fisika
dan sifat kimia.
Indikator Pencapaian
3.5.1 Melalui percobaan sederhana, peserta didik dapat memisahkan komponen-komponen suatu
campuran.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.5.2 Berdasarkan pemahaman tentang konponen-komponen penyusun zat dan sifat-sifat zat, peserta
didik dapat membuat peta konsep tentang zat.
5, 22, 24




9.1 Separation of Mixture

1.Distillation (disambiguation).


Laboratory display of distillation:
1: A heating device
2: Still pot
3: Still head
4: Thermometer/Boiling point temperature
5: Condenser
6: Cooling water in
7: Cooling water out
33

8: Distillate/receiving flask
9: Vacuum/gas inlet
10: Still receiver
11: Heat control
12: Stirrer speed control
13: Stirrer/heat plate
14: Heating (Oil/sand) bath
15: Stirring means e.g.(shown), boiling chips or mechanical stirrer
16: Cooling bath

.
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a
boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical
reaction

Example : Petrolium Distillation












34

Evaporation
Example : Making Salt


















35

9.2 State of Matter Cocept Map


9.2 Physical changes
change the physical form of matter without changing its chemical identity
Melting ice
Dissolving sugar in water




36


Which of the following does not describe the gaseous state?
a. Same shape as a closed container
b. Same volume as a closed container
c. Random, independent particle movement
d. Easily compressed
e. All describe the gaseous state
f. None of the statement above
Which of the following does not describe
the liquid state?
a. Particles vibrate in fixed position
b. Same shape as the bottom of the container
c. Constant volume
d. Pour able
e. All describe the liquid state

Which of the following does not describe
the solid state?
a. Rigid, fixed, constant shape
b. Constant volume
c. Easily compressed
d. Particles vibrate in fixed position
e. All describe the solid state
Chemical changes the chemical identity of a substance is destroyed and a new substance(s) is formed
37

Rusting of iron
The fading of a t-shirt with exposure to sunlight







Phase Changes require heating or cooling the substance
Melting: solid liquid
Boiling: liquid gas
Subliming: solid gas
Freezing: liquid solid
Condensing: gas liquid
Deposition: gas solid
Some Physic Phase (solid, liquid, gas)
Mass
Volume
Density
Melting Point
38

Boiling Point
Volatility
Specific Heat Capacity
al Properties
Taste
Odor
Color
Texture
Shape
Solubility
Electrical Conductance
Thermal Conductance
Magnetism

Some Chemical Properties
Acidity
Corrosiveness
Reactivity
Inertness
(In) Flammability
Oxidizing Ability
Basicity (Alkalinity)
Stability
Explosiveness
Combustibility
Reducing Ability

Classify each of the following changes as physical or chemical
a) grape juice turns to wine
b) wood burns to ashes
c) a broken leg heals itself
39

d) grass grows
e) an infant gains 10 pounds
f) a rock is crushed to powder
g) baking soda fizzes in vinegar
h) vinegar and oil separate into two layers
i) helium balloon decreases in size

- WORKSHEET 9

THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES


A. Basic Competence : To identify physical and chemical changes

B. Objective : To Classify the physical and chemical properties of matters

C. Apparatus and material :
1. Sugar
2. Candle
3. Match
4. Rice.....................rice flour
5. Spoon

D. Steps
1. Light the candle!
2. What happens if the candle flame?
Candle ...............
State of the candle...............
What is state the candle, If the candle was cooled ?
3. Put a sugar in the spoon and place the spoon on the top of the candle
4. Watch and explain what happens with sugar
5. Take a rice and make the rice be flour, and observe
Are the rice and flour have character different ?
6. Record your result observe, to table below

E. Table


40

No Object change Spesific Change
Physical Chemical

1

Candle flame


2

Ice heated


3.

Nail burn


4

Paper burn


5

Sugar heated


6.

Rice flour



F. Questions

Compare these characteristic of matter that is produce of change.
1. Is difference/same characteristic of matter produced in the physical change?
2. Is difference/same characteristic of matter that is produced in the chemical change?
.
G. Conclusion
The physical change is.............................
The chemical change is................







41

Problems and Solutions
1. What is the density of a mixture prepared by mixing 40 cm
3
of water and 30 cm
3
of alcohol if the
densities are 1 g/cm
3
and 0.8 g/cm
3
respectively.
Solution :
m = x V
m
water
= 1 x 20 = 20 g , m
alcohol
= 0.8 x 30 = 24 g
m
Total
= 20 + 24 = 44 g , V
Tota l
= 20 + 30 = 50 cm
3

mixture
= m
T
/ V
T

mixture
= 44 / 50

mixture
= 0.88 g/cm
3


2. The volume of 48 grams of sand is 20 cm
3
. The final volume is observed as 38 cm
3
when 20 cm
3

of water is poured into the same graduated beaker. What is the density of the sand?
Solution :
m
expect
= 20 - 20 = 40 cm
3

m
air
= 40 - 38 = 2 cm
3
, V
sand
= 20 - 2 = 18 cm
3

sand
= m / V

sand
= 48 / 18

sand
= 2.66 g/cm
3

















42

REFLEKSI
TEST 1

Subject : science Day/Date : Name : .
Class : VII RSBI Time : Class : .

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. Write your name, test number and class on your answer sheet. !
2. Do the test on the answer sheet !
3. Read first before you do the test !
4. Do easier questions first !
Good luck

SPECIFIC INTRUCTION

A. Chose a, b, c, or d to complete the following sentences !

1. The quantity group that only consists of fundamental quantity is....
a. Length, weight, time.
b. Mass, time, temperature
c. Density, force, volume
d. Force, weight, temperature

2. Agungs temperature is 36
O
C. The correct conclusion from that statement is ....
a. Temperature = quantity and Celcius = unit
b. Temperature = unit and 36 0C = quantity
c. Temperature = unit and Agung = quantity
d. 36 = quantity and Celcius = unit

3. Amir measures his desk length with a pencil and ballpoint. The result is 12 x the pencil lenght and 15
x the ballpont length. Why the measurement result is different ?
a. The pencil shape is different from ballpoint
b. The pencil can be crash but the ballpoint cant
c. Both pencil and ballpoint arent measurement devices
d. pencil and ballpont as the comparison unit have different length
4. If the temperature of a body is 75
0
C, the temperature of the body in Kelvin degree is....
a. 348 K
b. 273 K
c. 198 K
d. 75 K

43


5. Look at the diagram bellow !



What is the reading of the fernier caliper show above
a. 0,42 cm
b. 1,92 cm
c. 0,42 mm
d. 1,92 mm

6. Consider the figur below !




The figure above shows....
a. The measurements of non uniform stones area
b. The measurements of non uniform stones mass
c. The measurements of non uniform stones volume
d. The measurements of non uniform stones weight

7. Tools for measuring weight is.
a. veneer caliper
b. stopwatch
c. triple beam balance
d. spring balance

8. Attention the result temperature measure below !
Time Temperature
5 second
10 second
15 second
20 second
20
0
C
30
0
C
40
0
C
50
0
C



2 cm

3 cm

0

2

10

44


Based on the data above right graph is....









9. Look at the graphic below !








Base on the graph who have bigest the mass ?
a. Ani
b. Abi
c. Bima
d. Yuda








15 10 5
50
40
20
30
20
O
C
s
a
15 10 5
50
40
20
30
20
O
C
s
b
15 10 5
50
40
20
30
20
O
C
s
c
15 10 5
50
40
20
30
20
O
C
s
d
name
m(kg)
Y
u
d
a

A
n
i

A
b
i

B
i
m
a

45

10. Look at graph below !







Base on the graphic how long did it take for the ice to hot 40
0
C ?
a. 10 minutes
b. 20 minutes
c. 30 minutes
d. 40 minutes






















5 10 15 20
t (
O
C)
t (menit)
40
30
20
10
a
25
46


Tes II
Subject : science Day/Date : ..
Class : VII Bilingual Time : 07.00 08.30

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
5. Write your name, test number and class on your answer sheet. !
6. Do the test on the answer sheet !
7. Read first before you do the test !
8. Do easier questions first !

Good luck

SPECIFIC INTRUCTION


A. Chose a, b, c, or d to complete the following sentences !

1. Which of the including element is
a. air and sugar c. sugar and milk
b. iron and gold d. oil and water

2. The symbols of atom copper and gold are..
a. Fe and Cl c. Cu and Au
b. Cl and Cu d. Au and Fe

3. Which of the compounds are
a. sugar and mild c. blood and ink
b. mild and blood d. rain water and air

4. Something which differentiates a compound and mixture is the ratio of the mixture which..
a. is constant c. changes
b. is in constant d. is uniform

47

5. The difference between compound and mixture is
a. compound is physical change, while mixture is chemical change
b. in compound the properties of constituent matter still exist, while in mixture is not
c. compound consist of a single matter, while mixture consist of various kinds of matter
d. the composition of compound always has constant ratio, while mixture has not

6. The mixture of two or more kinds of substance in which the mixed substances cannot be differentiated
is called
a. heterogeneous mixture c. compound
b. solution d. electrolyte

7. Of the following are the mixture separation methods, except
a. crystallization c. distillation
b. filtration d. identification

8. The components of substance in a mixture can be separated based on
a. size and phase of particles
b. size and shape of particles
c. the size of particles and the boiling point
d. the boiling point and phase of particles

9. The part of mixture which filtered in the filter is called
a. colloid c. filtrate
b. residue d. suspense

10. A solution has the following data:
1. sour taste
2. slippery
3. produce hydrogen ion in water
4. changes red litmus into blue
The characteristic of base are
a. 1 and 2 c. 2 and 3
b. 1 and 3 d. 2 and 4

11. We can identify acid using taste and touch, but they are not save ways. The right ways to identify acid
using an appropriate indicator as bellows, except
48

a. litmus paper c. jasmine flower
b. pH meter d. purple cabbage

12. If HCl react with NaOH produce
a. hydrogen ion and water c. hydroxide ion and water
b. salt and water d. salt and oxygen


B. Answer the questions bellow briefly and clearly!

1. Mention three elements composing of sugar that known by you!
2. Explain of the difference between compound and mixture!
3. Mention 3 kinds and explain definition of the methods in mixture separation!
4.How do you use acid base indicator? Give your reaso

















49

Tes III


Subject : science Day/Date :
Class : VII Bilingual Time : 07.30 09.30

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1.Write your name, test number and class on your answer sheet.!
2.Do the test on the answer sheet!
3.Read first before you do the test!
4.Do easier questions first!
Good luck

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
I. Choose the best answer to give a cross (X) in letters a, b, c or d on the answer sheet is available!
50

1. Consider the data below!
1.weight
2.temperature
3.time
4.length
From the above data that includes the basic quantity is the number ....
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 1, 2, 4
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 4
2. Mr Budi as the gym teacher wants to make a volleyball court that he has to measure the
length and width of the field. In the international system, the most appropriate to use of unit
to use is ... .
A. mil
B. inci
C. meter
D. centimeter
3. In a race of moto GP, Valentino Rossi can race his motorcycle up to speed 324 km / hour. If
expressed in the international system, the motor speed will be equal to ... .
A. 32,4 m/s
B. 90,0 m/s
C. 324,0 m/s
D. 900,0 m/s
4. One hour lesson is 40 minutes. If expressed in units of seconds, will be equal to ... .
A. 40 sekon
B. 240 sekon
C. 1200 sekon
D. 2400 sekon
5. A student makes a scale on a thermometer does not scale. After the experiment, he
determines that the length of fixed point and fixed point on the thermometer is 12 cm. When
used to measure the temperature of a glass of water, length of the mercury surface of fixed
points under 3 cm. If measured by using the Celsius scale, temperature is a glass of water ...
A. 12C
B. 25C
51

C. 36C
D. 50C
6. The lowest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica is -80 C. To measure the temperature
can be done by using a thermometer that contains ... .
A.water
B.mercury
C.alcohol
D. salt water

7. When fever, Rani was examines at the polyclinic. To determine the temperature of her body,
the most appropriate type of thermometer is a thermometer ... .
A.clinical
B.optical
C.wall
D. Minimum Maximum

8. Look at the picture below!


The results of measurements on the picture above is ...
A. 701 gram
B. 710 gram
C. 800 gram
D. 1700 gram

9. Long one-act for a football match is 45 minutes. To find out the old game referee must use
the proper gauge. Images used measure is the referee ... .
A.



B.



1 kg
500 g
200 g
52

C.



D.





10. Note the picture below this measurement!

The length of a pencil in the picture above is ... .
A. 2,3 cm
B. 2,4 cm
C. 2,8 cm
D. 2,9 cm

11. Here are the properties of the acid solution, except ....
A. solution including the nonelectrolyte
B. can redden blue litmus color
C. may cause air pollution
D. If dissolved in water ionization reaction and OH-ions occur

12. If the skin of the mangosteen extract is used as acid base indicator, then the following
symptoms are true ....
A. the acid in red and yellow in alkaline
B. in acid green and in red base
C. in acid purple and red in alkaline
D. in acid and red in a purple base


13. Urea is a chemical formula CO (NH
2
)
2
. So every molecule of urea contains ....
A. 1 carbon atom, 1 oxygen atom, 1 nitrogen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms
53

B. 1 carbon atom, 1 oxygen atom, 1 nitrogen atom and 4 hydrogen atoms
C. 1 carbon atom, 1 oxygen atom, 2 nitrogen atoms and 2 hydrogen atoms
D. 1 carbon atom, 1 oxygen atom, 2 nitrogen atoms and 4 hydrogen atoms

14. If the sodium metal is mixed with chlorine gas will form a salt (NaCl). Different salt nature
with the nature of its constituent elements. Such material is called ....
A. element
B. compounds
C. solution
D. heterogeneous mixture

15. A vessel filled with mercury related. Surface form of mercury that is shown as a picture ...
A.



B.



C.



D.




16. Following, which is a solid character is ... .
54

Location of
the
molecular
motion of
molecules
molecular
attraction
force
A close and
regular
vibrating
in place
very strong
B adjacent and
irregular
migratory less strong
C far apart and
regular
free weak
D far apart and
not regular
very free
irregular
very weak




17. Consider the following data:
1. rising water through pipes pralon
2. rising oil stove in the axis.
3. rising water through the plant stem
4. via a wall of water rising home.
Which is an example of Capillarity is the number .
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 1, 2, 4
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 4

18. The following statements are true for two objects have the same density is ....
A. mass and volume the same, but different kinds
B. the same mass and volume, but his form is different
C. different mass and volume, but the same type
D. different mass and volume, but its shape is different

55

19. Here is who has the largest density value is ... .
A. mass 20 g, 10 cm
3
volume
B. 60 g mass, volume 20 cm
3

C. 150 g mass, volume 30 cm
3

D. 60 g mass, volume 6 cm
3

20. The density of iron has a mass of 158 kg and the volume is 0.02 m
3
....
A. 7900 kg/m
3
B. 790 kg/m
3
C. 79 kg/m
3
D. 7.9 kg/m
3
21. Look at the jumbled steps of Scientific Method below.
1. Determine the matter/ the problem.
2. Make a hypothesis.
3. Collect data from the observation.
4. Draw the conclusion.
5. Do the experiment.
6. Analyze the result.
The right order of Scientific Method is .
A. 1 2 3 4 5 6.
B. 1 2 3 5 4 6.
C. 1 3 2 5 4 6.
D. 1 3 2 5 6 4.











56



TES 4
GENERAL INSTRUCTION
1. Write your identity on the computerized answer sheet.
2. Check and read the test items carefully before you answer.
3. Report to the observer, if there is unclear typing, damage or incomplete test items.
4. It is not permitted to use calculator, HP, mathematics table, dictionaries or other facilities.
5. The way to answer the test:
A B C D
6. How to correcting the wrong answer:
A B C D
7. Check your answer carefully before you submit your answer sheet to the observer

Choose the correct answer by crossing the letter A, B, C and D at your answer sheet.
1. The following are some statements about matter:
(1) has certain properties
(2) has fixed colour
(3) has fixed shape
(4) occupies space and has mass
The correct statement is.
A. (1)
B. (2)
C. (3)
D. (4)
2. Study the following properties of matter:
(1) The particles can move freely
(2) The shape does not change.
(3) The volume changes.
(4) The volume does not change
Which are the characteristic of gas.
A. (1), and (2)
B. (1), and (3)
C. (2), and (3)
D. (3) , and (4)






57

3. Study the following table:

No Characteristics of Particle Solid Liquid Gas
1 Particle movement rigid rapid very rapid
2 Particle Position dense loose very loose
3 Attractive Forces very weak weak strong
4 Free space between particles sligh spacious very spacious

Base on the table, the correct characteristics of particle are shown by the number of .
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 3, and 4
C. 1, 2, and 4
D. 1, 3, and 4
4. There is liquid in capillary pipe. If the cohesion between liquid particles is bigger than the
adhesion between the liquid and the container particles, the shape of the liquid surface is.
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Inclined
D. Flat
5. A student did experiment with tools and matter as follow :













Metal
ala
Metal
ala
58

The data is given:
Metal Density (kg/m)
Iron 7.900
Gold 19.300
Silver 10.500
Aluminum 2.700

Base on the data, the kind of metal that is measured by student is....
A. iron
B. aluminum
C. silver
D. gold
6. Look at the figure below !






If the mass of stone is 75 gram, its density is .
A. 2500 kg/m
3

B. 2000 kg/m
3

C. 2.5 kg/m
3

D. 2.0 kg/m
3


7. The relationship between the volume and density of objects which have equal mass is ..
A. The object with the greatest volume has greatest density
B. The object with the lowest volume has lowest density
C. The object with the greatest volume has lowest density
D. They have the same density because their mass is same

V
1
=
1,5
m/s
logam
Stone
59

8. Pay attention this graph










According to the mass-volume graph, which material has the lowest density?
A. K
B. L
C. M
D. N
.












N
Volume
Mass
K L M
60

A.

46. Pay attention to these the material changes below

No A B
1 ice melts vaporized gasoline
2 frozen water Burned kerosene
3 wood is burned become ash rusty iron
4 cigarette burnt sugar is dissolved in the water

The pairs of chemical changing are shown by number .
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

47. Ani conducting an experiment in the laboratory. She mix vinnegar and baking soda then
observe it. The result of mixing vinnegar and baking soda are produce gas, white sediment
and temperature changing. Gas produced can extinguish fires. We can conclude that the gas is
....
A. CO
2

B. CO
C. O
2

D. NO


48. Dirty well water which is added with Alum becomes clearer . The dirt remain at the bottom of
the well. It shows the characteristic of a chemical reaction ....
A. Produce gas
B. Color changing
C. Produce precipitation
D. Temperature changing

49. A solution has the following data:
1) sour taste
2) slippery
3) produce hydrogen ion in aqueous solution
4) turn red litmus paper blue
61

The characteristics of base are
A. 1) and 2)
B. 1) and 3)
C. 2) and 3)
D. 2) and 4)

50. Notice the table below!

No Liquid Red litmus Blue litmus
1 Mineral water red blue
2 Lemon water red red
3 Soap water blue blue

Lemon water and soap water are categorized as .
A. acid and base
B. salt and acid
C. base and salt
D. acid and sugar













62

KUNCI JAWABAN SOAL CADANGAN (FISIKA)
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. C
11. B
12. B
13. B
14. D
15. C
16. A
17. B
18. D
19. B
20. C
21. C
22. D
23. A
24. A
25. C

26. D
27. C
28. C
29. D
30. D
31. C
32. A
33. B
34. B
35. D
36. D
37. A
38. B
39. C
40. C
41. B
42. A
43. D
44. D
63

45. A
46. C
47. C
48. A
49. B
50. A

Kunci Fisika kelas 7:
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. D
10. C
11. B
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. C
18. D
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. C
23. D
24. A
25. C
26. B
27. C
28. C
29. D
30. C
31. B
32. B
33. C
34. D
35. A
36. B
37. A
38. D
39. A
40. C
41. B
42. A
43. B
44. D
45. A
46. C
47. A
48. C
49. D
50. A
64


Lampiran : 1



SMT : 1
Standar
Kompetensi
Kompetensi Dasar Indikator Pencapaian
2. Memahami
prosedur
ilmiah untuk
mempelajari
benda-benda
alam dengan
menggunaka
n peralatan


2.1. Menerapkan metode
ilmiah

1.2.1 Memahami prinsip-prinsip metode
ilmiah
6, 18
.
1.2.2 Memberikan contoh-contoh
penerapan metode ilmiah yang
dilakukan para peneliti bidang sains
15, 25
.
1.2.3 Merancang penelitian sederhana
dengan menggunakan metode ilmiah
5, 18

1.2.4 Melakukan penelitian sederhana
dengan menggunakan metode
ilmiah
13, 15, 23, 24

1.2.5 Mengkomunikasikan secara ilmiah
hasil penelitian sederhana
5, 13, 21,

2.2. Mengenal konsep
pengukuran, alat ukur,
dan cara
penggunaannya
1.2.1Mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis kesalahan
pengukuran
5, 13,22

2.3. Mendeskripsikan
besaran pokok dan
besaran turunan
beserta satuannya
2.3.1. Menyebutkan macam-macam besaran
pokok
2.3.2. Memberi contoh mendapatkan
besaran turunan dari besaran pokok
2.3.3. Menyatakan hasil pengukuran
menggunakan penulisan ilmiah
5,13,22

2.3.4. Memberi contoh besaran skalar dan
besaran vektor
2.3.5. Memahami perbedaan antara kelajuan
dan kecepatan, jarak tempuh dan
perubahan posisi sebagai contoh
besaran skalar dan vektor.
2.4. Melakukan
pengukuran dasar
secara teliti dengan
menggunakan alat ukur
yang sesuai dan sering
digunakan dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari
2.4.1. Menggunakan penggaris, mikrometer,
dan jangka sorong untuk menentukan
panjang
22,23,28,30
2.4.2. Menggunakan neraca Ohaus, neraca
pegas, atau alat ukur massa
lainnya
22,23,28,30
2.4.3. Menggunakan jam, stopwatch atau
65

Standar
Kompetensi
Kompetensi Dasar Indikator Pencapaian
alat ukur rentang waktu, termasuk
periode ayunan
22,23,28,30
2.4.4. Menggunakan thermometer untuk
mengukur temperatur
22,23,28,30
2.4.5. Menggunakan gelas ukur untuk
mengukur volume benda yang tidak
beraturan bentuknya
22,23,28,30
3. Memahami
unsur,
senyawa,
dan
campuran
3.1. Menjelaskan
pengertian unsur,
senyawa dan
campuran.
3.1.5 Dari contoh-contoh unsur dan
senyawa yang ditemukan oleh
peserta didik atau diberikan oleh
guru, peserta didik dapat
membedakan unsur dan senyawa
berdasarkan jenis atom
penyusunnya.
5, 22
3.1.6 Berdasarkan jenis atom
penyusunnya, peserta didik dapat
memberikan pengertian unsur dan
senyawa.
22, 24
3.1.7 Melalui percobaan sederhana
tentang daya hantar panas dan
listrik, peserta didik dapat
membandingkan perbedaan sifat
unsur logam dan nonlogam.
5, 15, 17,
18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.1.8 Melalui percobaan sederhana
peserta didik dapat menjelaskan
pengertian campuran.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22,
24, 27, 28, 31

3.2. Menjelaskan
perbedaan antara
campuran homogen
dan campuran
heterogen
3.2.5 Melalui percobaan sederhana
peserta didik dapat menjelaskan
perbedaan antara campuran
homogen dan campuran heterogen.
5,
15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.2.6 Berdasarkan contoh-contoh yang
ada di lingkungannya, peserta didik
dapat menjelaskan adanya 3 jenis
campuran homogen, yaitu campuran
homogen dalam fase gas (misalnya
udara), fase cair (misalnya larutan
alkohol dalam air), dan fase padat
(misalnya cincin emas 18 karat).
5, 22,
24
3.2.7 Berdasarkan jenis atom-atom yang
terdapat di dalam suatu unsur dan
senyawa, peserta didik dapat
66

Standar
Kompetensi
Kompetensi Dasar Indikator Pencapaian
memberikan alasan yang
menunjukkan bahwa unsur dan
senyawa merupakan zat murni.
5, 22
3.2.8 Berdasarkan macam zat yang ada
dalam suatu campuran, peserta didik
dapat memberikan alasan yang
menunjukkan bahwa campuran
bukan merupakan zat murni.
5, 22


3.3. Mendiskripsikan sifat
senyawa dan
campuran.
3.5.1
Berdasarkan sifat-sifat fisika yang
teramati, peserta didik dapat
mendiskripsikan sifat senyawa dan
campuran.
5, 22, 24
3.5.2
Berdasarkan contoh-contoh yang
ada di lingkungannya, peserta didik
dapat membandingkan sifat intensif
dan sifat ekstensif zat.
5, 22, 24
3.4. Mendiskripsikan sifat-
sifat fisika dan sifat-
sifat kimia zat.
3.4.1 Melalui percobaan sederhana peserta
didik dapat membandingkan sifat-
sifat fisika dan sifat-sifat kimia zat.
5,
15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31

3.5. Melakukan pemisahan
komponen-komponen
campuran dengan
berbagai cara
berdasarkan sifat fisika
dan sifat kimia.
3.5.3 Melalui percobaan sederhana,
peserta didik dapat memisahkan
komponen-komponen suatu
campuran.
5, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31
3.5.4 Berdasarkan pemahaman tentang
konponen-komponen penyusun zat
dan sifat-sifat zat, peserta didik
dapat membuat peta konsep tentang
zat.
5, 22, 24









67

Lampiran : 2

Pengembangan Karakter
Selain mengembangkan kompetensi, SBI juga mengembangkan karakter peserta didik.
Di antara karakter yang dikembangkan adalah religius, patuh terhadap aturan,
menghargai keberagaman, dan berpikir logis. Karakter minimal yang dikembangkan di
SBI adalah sebagai berikut.

Tabel 1. Karakter Peserta Didik SBI

Karakter Characters
1. Religius
2. Percaya diri
3. Patuh pada aturan-aturan sosial
4. Menghargai keberagaman

5. Berpikir logis, kritis, kreatif, dan
inovatif
6. Mandiri
7. Nasionalis
8. Menghargai karya dan prestasi
orang lain
9. Bertanggung jawab
10. Bergaya hidup sehat
11. Santun
12. Sadar akan hak dan kewajiban diri
dan orang lain
13. Jujur
14. Disiplin
15. Kerja keras
16. Demokratis
17. Peduli sosial dan lingkungan


18. Ingin tahu
19. Cinta ilmu

20. Berjiwa wirausaha
21. Konasi (kemauan untuk
bertindak)
22. Cermat dan teliti
23. Sederhana
24. Objektif
25. Tekun
26. Skeptis
27. Terbuka
28. Mampu bekerjasama
29. Empati
1. Religious/religiosity
2. Confident/confidence
3. Complying social rules/social compliance
4. Appreciating diversity/appreciation of
diversity
5. Thinking logically, critically, creatively, and
innovatively
6. Autonomous/autonomy
7. Patriotic/patriotism/national pride
8. Appreciative of works and achievements of
others/appreciation of
9. Responsible/responsibility
10. Having healthy lifestyle/healthy lifestyle
11. Courteous/courtesy
12. Aware of rights and obligations of self and
others/awareness of..
13. Honest/honesty
14. Disciplined/discipline
15. Industrious /industriousness
16. Democratic/democracy
17. Caring about social matters and
environment/social and environmental care
18. Curious/curiosity
19. Passionate about learning/passion for
learning
20. Having entrepreneurial spirit/
entrepreneurship
21. Willingness to act

22. Precision, accurate
22. Parsimoy, simple
23. Objective, factual
24. Perserverence
25. Scepticism
26. Open minded
27. Cooperative
29. Empathy
68

30. Empiris
31. Peduli terhadap keselamatan kerja
laboratorium
30. Empirism
31. Work safety