PPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMI

PHYSIC FORM 4 MODULE 1

PPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMIPPSMI

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS & FORCES AND MOTION

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS & FORCES AND MOTION

Arahan Kepada Guru: 1. Modul ini mengandungi tiga puluh soalan. 2. Modul merangkumi enam konstruk yang diuji K1 - Memahami soalan dalam Bahasa Inggeris K3 - Memahami istilah matematik dalam bahasa Inggeris K5 - Menguasai konstruk pengetahuan K6 - Menguasai konstruk kefahaman K7 - Menguasai konstruk kemahiran K8 - Mengungkapkan idea/informasi dalam bahasa Inggeris 3. Guru hendaklah memastikan murid menulis maklumat diri dalam kertas jawapan objektif yang disediakan. 4. Guru memastikan murid menghitamkan pilihan jawapan (objektif) pada kertas jawapan objektif yang disediakan 5. Guru hendaklah menyediakan kertas jawapan (subjektif) yang berasingan bagi soalan 28 hingga soalan 30. 6. Guru hendaklah menanda jawapan murid diakhir ujian dan merekod jumlah bilangan soalan salah bagi setiap konstruk di kertas jawapan objektif (OMR) murid. Guru dikehendaki mengumpul kertas jawapan objektif (OMR) semua murid mengikut kelas masing-masing dan mengikut arahan selanjutnya seperti di dalam manual prosedur pengendalian ujian diagnostik. Modul ini mengandungi 28 halaman bercetak

MODULE SUMMARY PHYSIC FORM 4 - INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS & FORCES AND MOTION

Konstruk

Penerangan konstruk

No. Soalan

Jumlah Soalan

Bil soalan gagal dijawab (untuk pemulihan) sekurang-kurangnya 3 3 3 3 5 2

K1 K3 K5 K6 K7 K8

Memahami soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris Memahami istilah sains dalam bahasa Inggeris Menguasai konstruk pengetahuan Menguasai konstruk kefahaman Menguasai konstruk kemahiran Mengeluarkan maklumat / idea dalam Bahasa Inggeris JUMLAH

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 28, 29, 30

5 5 5 5 7 3 30

SOALAN

MASALAH YANG DIHADAPI OLEH PELAJAR DAN CADANGAN PEMULIHAN

1. The speed of trolley X is 3 ms-1. The speed of trolley Y is 2 ms-1, which is 1 ms-1 less than the speed of trolley X. What are the speeds of trolley X and trolley Y? Speed of trolley X / ms-1 3 3 2 1 Speed of trolley Y / ms-1 2 1 1 3

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami maksud less than. Pemulihan Menerangkan penggunaan perkataan perbandingan seperti more than, less than, equal to.

A B C D

2. The figure shows a displacement time graph of an object. The object is moving with constant displacement. displacement / m

Jawapan: B Kelemahan Tidak memahami maksud physical quantity dan constant. Pemulihan menerangkan maksud physical quantity dan constant.

time / s What is the physical quantity that remains constant? A Time B Displacement C Time and displacement

3. The inertia of an object depends on its mass but does not depend on its weight or velocity. What does the inertia of an object depend on? A B C D Mass Weight Velocity Weight and velocity

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak baca soalan dengan teliti. Pemulihan Guru menerangkan semula maksud soalan.

4. Scalar quantities are quantities that have magnitude but no direction. Vector quantities are quantities that have both magnitude and direction. A scalar quantity is a quantity that A B C D has direction only. has magnitude only. has magnitude and direction has no magnitude and no direction

Jawapan: B Kelemahan Tidak baca soalan dengan teliti. Pemulihan Meminta pelajar membaca semula soalan dengan teliti.

5. An object with a mass of 5 kg is moving with a momentum of 20 kg ms-1. After 3 seconds, its displacement is 10 m. What is the momentum of the object? A B C D 3s 5 kg 10 m 20 kg ms-1

Jawapan: D Kelemahan Tidak baca soalan dengan teliti. Pemulihan Guru menerangkan semula maksud soalan.

Questions 6 and 7 refer to the table below. The table shows the results of an experiment carried out to investigate the relationship between force, F applied on a spring, x and the extension of the spring. Force, F/ N 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 In this experiment, 6. force, F is the A fixed variable. B responding variable. C manipulated variable. Extension of spring, x/cm 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0

Jawapan: C Kelemahan Tidak memahami dan membeza antara variables. Pemulihan Guru menerangkan semula cara mengenalpasti variables denagn memberi lebih banyak contoh.

7.

extension of a spring is a A fixed variable. B responding variable. C manipulated variable.

Jawapan: B Kelemahan Tidak memahami dan membeza antara variables. Pemulihan Seperti dalam pemulihan soalan 6.

Jawapan: B Questions 8 to 10 refer to the figures below. Choose the terminology that best relates to each situation shown in the figure below. Kelemahan Tidak dapat memahami deceleration. Tidak dapat hubungkait rajah dengan istilah. Pemulihan Penekanan kepada konsep acceleration dan deceleration.

8. The figure shows a car moving towards a traffic light.

u= 20 ms-1

v = 0 ms-1

A Acceleration B Deceleration C Constant velocity

10

Jawapan: A 9. Kelemahan Tidak dapat memahami istilah inertia. Tidak dapat hubungkait situasi dengan istilah. Pemulihan Memberi contoh-contoh lain yang melibatkan inertia. A B C D Inertia Pressure Elasticity Balanced forces

11

Jawapan: D 10. Kelemahan Tidak dapat menguasai istilah collision. Tidak dapat membeza jenis-jenis collision. Pemulihan Mengguna simulasi komputer untuk menerangkan jenis-jenis collision.

Before A B C D Inertia Explosion Elastic collision Inelastic collision

After

12

11. The figure shows the velocity time graph of an object.

v / ms-1

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami konsep asas acceleration daripada velocity-time graph yang diberi. Pemulihan Menerangkan hubungkait acceleration dan distance traveled dari motion graph.

t/s

Which section of the graph shows an acceleration? A B C D OA OC AB BC

13

Jawapan: C 12. All the forces acting on an object are balanced. What is the type of motion of the object? A B C D The object accelerates. The object decelerates. The object moves with constant velocity. The object moves with increasing velocity. Kelemahan Tidak memahami konsep balanced force. Pemulihan Mengulangi maksud balanced force dan kesannya ke atas pergerakan suatu objek.

Jawapan: A 13. Which quantity in the table below is correctly matched with its unit? Quantity acceleration speed velocity displacement Unit ms-2 ms ms2 s Kelemahan Tidak dapat mengenalpasti unit yang sepadan dengan kuantiti yang diberi.

A B C D

Pemulihan Pastikan pelajar mengingati unit-unit bagi kuantiti-kuantiti fizik yang diajar.

14

14. Momentum is defined as A B C D mass x velocity mass x (velocity)2 mass x acceleration mass x displacement

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak mengetahui definisi momentum. Pemulihan Mengulangi dan memperbanyakkan hafalan definisi. Jawapan: B Kelemahan Tidak mengetahui konsep inertia. Pemulihan Mengulangi konsep inertia dan memberi lebih banyak contoh. hard surface

15. The figure shows a man tightening the head of a hammer by hitting the bottom of the handle against a hard surface.

head of hammer

handle

The head of the hammer is tightened, due to the concept of A B C D power inertia elasticity pressure

15

16. The figure shows a child and his mother sitting on two identical swings. They are pushed with the same amount of forces.

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami konsep inertia, serta hubungan antara inertia dan mass. Pemulihan Menerangkan semula konsep inertia. Menerangkan bahawa inertia menyebabkan suatu objek yang pegun sukar digerakkan; Menjalankan aktiviti seperti inertia balance atau tolak baldi yang kosong berbanding baldi yang berisi pasir untuk melihat hubungan antara mass dengan inertia.

The swing which the mother sits on is more difficult to be moved because she has A B C D greater inertia. smaller inertia. greater momentum. lower mass and larger inertia

16

Jawapan: B 17. Which of the following velocity-time graphs shows an object moving with uniform acceleration?
-1 A v / ms

v / ms-1

Kelemahan Tidak faham acceleration sebagai gradient dalam velocity-time graph. Pemulihan Menerangkan semula cara menentukan acceleration daripada velocity-time graph dengan mengira gradient graf tersebut.

t/s

t/s

v / ms-1

v / ms-1

t/s

t/s

17

18. Which vehicle has the greatest momentum? B

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami konsep momentum sebagai product of mass and velocity. Pemulihan Menerangkan semula maksud momentum. Hubungkait konsep momentum dengan kehidupan seharian (pendekatan kontekstual).

mlorry = 2000 kg vlorry = 20 ms-1

mlorry = 2000 kg vlorry = 15 ms-1

mbicycle = 200 kg vbicycle = 10 ms-1

mbicycle = 200 kg vbicycle = 5 ms-1

18

19. Which of the following shows a situation with unbalanced forces? A

Jawapan: C Kelemahan Tidak memahami bahawa balanced forces menyebabkan suatu objek sama ada at rest atau bergerak dengan constant velocity. Pemulihan Menerangkan semula konsep balanced forces. Memerhati dan membandingkan situasi-situasi yang mempunyai balanced forces dan unbalanced forces.

A lorry moving at constant velocity B

A picture frame hung on a wall C

A parachute accelerating downwards D

A sampan floating on water

19

20. The figure shows a truck that moves from P to Q. Engine oil drips from the truck at equal time intervals along PQ.

Jawapan: B Kelemahan Tidak dapat mengenalpasti types of motion daripada ticker tape atau peralatan-peralatan yang serupa. Keliru antara keadaan at rest, constant velocity, acceleration dan deceleration. Pemulihan Demonstrasi / eksperimen dengan menggunakan ticker timer. Menerangkan semula types of motion berdasarkan corak ticker tape. Latih tubi untuk mengenal pasti pelbagai keadaan gerakan daripada corak ticker tape.

P The truck is A B C D

Engine oil drop

at rest accelerating decelerating moving with constant velocity

20

Jawapan: D 21. The figure shows a section of a ticker-tape produced by a trolley. Kelemahan Tidak dapat menentukan bilangan detik yang ditunjukkan pada pita detik. Pemulihan Memahirkan diri dengan pengiraan menggunakan pita detik.

direction of motion of trolley

.. .

.
20 cm

The time for one tick is 0.02 second. What is the average velocity of the trolley? [ average velocity = total displacement ] total time taken A B C D 10 cm s-1 20 cm s-1 100 cm s-1 200 cm s-1

21

22. A bus moving with an initial velocity 50 m s comes to a stop. The braking distance of the bus is 500 m. Determine the deceleration of the bus. [ v2 = u2 + 2as] A 2.5 ms-2 B 10.0 ms-2 C 25.0 ms-2

-1

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Gantian nilai yang salah ke dalam formula. Pemulihan Latih tubi dalam topik linear motion.

23. A ball has a mass of 4 kg and momentum 12 kgms-1. What is the velocity of the ball? [ Momentum = mass x velocity ] A B C D 3 ms-1 4 ms-1 12 ms-1 48 ms-1

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami istilah momentum dan formula mengira momentum. Pemulihan Memahirkan diri dengan penggunaan formula momentum.

22

24. The figure shows a stopwatch.

Jawapan: D Kelemahan Pelajar gagal membuat bacaan yang betul. Pemulihan Latihan menggunakan jam randik yang sebenar.

The reading of the stopwatch is A B C D 11.1 s 11.2 s 11.3 s 11.4 s

23

25. The figure shows two loads connected by an inelastic string through a frictionless pulley.

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak memahami konsep resultant force dalam pulley system. Pemulihan Perbanyakkan latihan berkaitan dengan pulley system.

pulley

inelastic string

40 N load load What is the resultant force acting on the system? A B C D 30 N 40 N 70 N 110 N 70 N

24

26. The figure shows two petrol trucks.

Jawapan: D Kelemahan Tidak tahu kesan negatif dan positif inertia. Pemulihan Membuat rujukan tambahan tentang kesan inertia.

Truck X

Truck Y

Truck X carries petrol in one big tank while truck Y carries petrol in 3 small tanks. Truck Y is a safer truck to use compared to truck X because A B C D tanks in truck Y experience a greater pressure than tank in truck X. tanks in truck Y experience a greater momentum than tank in truck X. tanks in truck Y experience a smaller inertia than tank in truck X. tanks in truck Y experience a smaller acceleration than tank in truck X.

25

27. The figure shows an object of mass 10 kg being pulled by a force of 100 N. The friction between the object and the surface is 10 N.

Jawapan: A Kelemahan Tidak dapat mengira resultant force dengan betul. Gagal meletakkan tanda negatif pada geseran. Tidak tahu menggunakan formula F = ma. Pemulihan Perbanyakkan latihan pengiraan resultant force dan penggunaan formula F = ma.

100N friction = 10N rough surface

What is the acceleration of the object? [ Force = mass x acceleration ] A B C D 9 m s-2 10 m s-2 11 m s-2 12 m s-2

26

28. The figure shows the velocity time graph of a moving object. v / ms-1

Jawapan: Total displacement is equal to the area under the graph. By determining the area under the graph. Kelemahan Tidak memahami graf gerakan halaju masa.

t/s

Pemulihan Mengulangkaji graf halaju masa.

How is the total displacement of the object determined from the graph? ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

27

Question 29 and 30 refer to the figure. The figure shows a boy jumping off a skateboard.

Jawapan: The skateboard moves in the opposite direction Kelemahan Tidak memahami principle of conservation of momentum. Pemulihan Mengulangkaji principle of conservation of momentum serta penggunaannya.

29. State the direction of the motion of the skateboard when the boy jumps off. ____________________________________________________________

30. Using the principle of conservation of momentum, explain your answer to question 29. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

Jawapan: The forward momentum of the boy produces a momentum of the same magnitude but in the opposite direction to the skateboard. Kelemahan Tidak memahami principle of conservation of momentum. Pemulihan Mengulangkaji principle of conservation of momentum serta penggunaannya.

28