POP UPS

By: Eesha Chaturvedi Ritika Pahwa

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to our faculty, Ms. Anuradha and Ms. Vibhavari for the valuable support and guidance they provided us. Without their support and guidance, this project would not have been successful.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Eesha Chaturvedi and Ritika Pahwa students of second semester of study at the department of Apparel Manufacturing and Information Technology at National Institute of Fashion Technology have successfully completed this project on pop ups under my supervision and guidance.

Ms. Anuradha

What is Origamic Architecture?

Origamic Architecture (also known as origami architecture) is a papercraft form which combines the careful folding of origami, the detailed cutting of scherenschnitte, and the precise paper engineering of pop-ups. Unlike traditional pop-ups, these paper models are usually cut and folded from one sheet of paper. They can be folded flat for storage or mailing in conventional envelopes, but when they're unfolded ... magic happens as each card pops up into an amazing and delightful 3-dimensional structure. Some models are meant to be viewed open at a 180 or 360 angle and, a few, at 0 (these are actually overlapping collages), but most origami architecture cards are designed to be displayed open at a 90 angle. The original concept for origami architecture was developed in 1981 by Masahiro Chatani, a professor of architecture at the prestigious Tokyo Institute of Technology. Many of his designs reflect his expertise in architecture, however, a background in architecture is not needed to enjoy this paper craft.

Folding Types
There are three different types of folding: 90 degree, 180 degree and 360 degree. 90 degree is made with one sheet, there is no pasting. It's pure and difficult to create but not to execute. 180 and 360 degree are more spectacular but involve pasting and cutting. 0 degree models are not folded but have overlapping pieces of paper. This is an uncommon type of origamic architecture. 90 degree models are the most common type of origamic architecture. In 90 degree models, there is no pasting. Another common type of origamic architecture is the 180 degree model. This involves a lot of pasting.

360 degree origamic architecture is uncommon. In these models, the forms can be stretched 360 degrees.

In addition to the card folding, there are two types of folds to create the actual design. Theses are the mountain folds and valley folds. Mountain Folds involve folding the paper outwards, while valley folds involve just the opposite, which is folding inwards. A large variety of interesting effects can be achieved by combining the two types of folds with cuttings at various places. To fold a card neatly and accurately, put both hands on both sides of the sheet and fold carefully to make the ridges and valleys exactly as instructed, starting with the finely parts in the center of the pattern. The card should take form. Lastly, fold it entirely and press. To fold the very fine parts of the card, use a pair of tweezers. To press cleanly, put a paper sheet on the card to protect it, and use the edge of a ruler.

Tips For Making A Neat Pop Up.

One should make sure that one always works on a flat, firm and clean surface like a Sketch pad. Wherever necessary, to make the folds sharp and accurate, Crease with an indenting tool to make a neat fold line To get the proper design, to make the pop up look neat, and to avoid errors, make sure the cutting is done exactly along the lines. The Folding should be done accurately, and carefully along the lines. Glue should be used sparingly when needed. Caution should be exercised when you glue one piece to another.

THE PROCEDURE OF MAKING THE POP-UPs

1. THE EXPLORATION AND UNDERSTANDING
The first step involved in starting the work was exploring and understanding the basic principles of making a pop- up, and what basically a pop-up is. This step enabled the complete and proper understanding of the new topic, and it was clearly understood what exactly was supposed to be done. Further more steps involved trying out basic patterns, and then working out our patterns to make a pop up. The complexity of the pop ups was gradually increased from the first one being simple, the second one being intermediate, and the last one being a complex pattern. A lot of mistakes were made in the process of making the three pop-ups, including drafting mistakes while charting out the pattern and cutting mistakes, as it took some time to understand what cutting would yield the desired result, and lead to a proper raising of the part. The cut patterns, (whatever were saved from being complete disasters while exploration, at least) are enclosed with the document. Understanding the folds and the way folding would look after they are cut and raised also took a considerable amount of time, and it was after a lot of attempts at working on the rough sheets, that it was understood the effect of various elements combined together, and the complete picture was visible only after a lot of random efforts at drawing random patterns, and cutting them into different ways, and combining with various types of folds to look at the effect they gave. Also the process of actually raising up the cut and folded parts, and how exactly to raise them to give the desired effect required in depth understanding, as well as a lot of thought process went into this act. There was also the material aspect- which type of paper to be used in making the Pop-Ups, as the stiffness of the paper was crucial to the raising and retaining of the folding part of the pop-up, and too stiff a paper would not offer proper cutting and folding.

There was also the eye appeal of the Pop-Ups which had to be taken care of, and this led to the aspect of use of various colors and textures in the pop-ups. All these processes were equally time taking, and on paper while writing about them, they may appear to be a meager task, but the actual execution of these steps took a lot of time and energy.

This was the general preparatory exploration done before actually starting the work on the pop-ups. As we started the work on our designs, a new aspect of making these popups faced us- a design that would be attractive as well as possible for us to draft, cut and raise. The detailed processes involved in making each of the three pop-ups are given below to explain how exactly we went about making the three pop-ups, but first an account of the materials used, and why were they used is given.

2. MATERIALS USED
`The materials used in making these pop-ups are White Ivory Sheets Soft Colored Chart Paper Black Chart Paper as a background for one of the Pop-Up Pencil- for drafting. Eraser Paper Cutter A4 sheets for rough work and practice.

3.WHY THESE MATERIALS?

For the first Pop-Up, a soft gray colored chart paper of a thicker variety, as it was felt that it would look good, as well as provide the required stiffness for the PopUp to raise the cut structures. For the second as well as the third Pop-Up, white ivory sheets were used, again because they provided with just the right stiffness to work with, and white color gave a beautiful finish and look to the structures.

There has been a lot of variation in the material used for the pop-ups. The first one is made of a thick variety of chart sheet, the second one is of pure white ivory sheet, and the third one involves the use of a white ivory sheet with a black chart paper background.

All the papers used in this assignment were plain, and not textured, as we wanted the emphasis to be on the actual Pop-Ups. For cutting, a paper cutter was the best tool we could use, as it would lead to a neat finish.

THE FIRST POP UP

MATERIAL USED
The pop up is made of a gray chart sheet.

WORKING OUT THE DESIGN

The design for this pop up is derived out of the basic and simple pop- up principles. The design was kept simple; as it was desire to gradually increase the complexity of the design. For working out this design, the effect of various ways in which lines can be cut was explored, and the thickness, length and various other aspects concerning the lines were looked upon in the rough experimental structures. The derivation of the final design used was based on the effect that the ascending steps were giving, and it was beautiful.

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING THE STRUCTURE

The worked out pattern was drafted on the sheet directly to enable proper cutting of the structures. The pattern was then cut on the paper using a paper cutter. After cutting the pattern, it was raised to give the desired effect. A picture of the pattern is enclosed herewith.

NUMBER OF ATTEMPTS
The first pop-up was made in the first attempt at cutting and drafting.

EXPERIENCE
Being the first actual fair design made, on completion of the pop-up, and seeing it pop out of the paper was an extremely satisfying and good experience.

THE SECOND POP-UP

MATERIAL USED
The pop-up is made of a white ivory sheet.

WORKING OUT THE DESIGN

The design for this pop-up involves lines, and folding, as well as the draftng pattern give the variation in the effect. The design is not simple, but of a slightly complex nature, as it was felt that after the first pop-up, a complicated design and drafting, cutting and raising could be handled well. For making this design, the effect of folding lines with square and rectangular structures in between was observed, and the way the lines would pop up was studied. A pattern of the drafting is enclosed herewith.

Draft For The Design

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING THE STRUCTURE

The drafting pattern was drafted on the sheet to be worked on, which was earlier thought of as the gray sheet used in the earlier project. However, after the design was cut and raised, the effect was not quite as desired. The search for another medium then started, and ivory sheet was finalized as the medium to be used, because of the stiffness a well as the aesthetic purposes it would fulfill. Detailed photographs of the pop up at various steps are enclosed.

The Various Stages Of The Pop-Up Design

NUMBER OF ATTEMPTS
The final pop-up was arrived at the second attempt, as in the first attempt, the sheet used did not give the desired effect and was too slinky, and fragile.

EXPERIENCE
Not getting the desired result in the first attempt was disheartening, but the final product and the look it offered was much better, so it was compensated in the end.

THE THIRD POP-UP: THE ONE PILLAR PAGODA

MATERIAL USED
The material used is white ivory sheet, with black chart paper for the background.

WORKING OUT THE DESIGN

The inspiration for this design was found on the internet- a pop-up showing the one pillar pagoda. After looking at the picture, the group members charted the drafting for the pagoda out which was a tough job, and it took two attempts to get the correct drafting on the paper. The design is a very complex one, and group members were aware of this fact, but they went ahead with charting out and drafting the design of the buildings.

Drafting of the Pagoda

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING THE STRUCTURE

The drafting, which was charted out, was drafted on the sheet, and the measurements went wrong, as the rough drafting had to be enlarged by a factor of 1.5. In the second attempt, the drafting was enlarged by a factor of 2, but again the measurements went wrong, and finally in the third attempt, the pattern was drafted correctly, and cut properly. Raising the pattern was also a complicated and tedious task.

NUMBER OF ATTEMPTS
The pop-up required two attempts for figuring out the drafting, and the draft could be worked upon successfully in the third attempt, due to problems in transferring the draft to the working sheet.

The Pagoda

EXPERIENCE
Knowing that the design was a tough one, we were prepared for the hardships. The multiple attempts at drafting were frustrating, but on seeing the nd result, we felt that all our efforts were fruitful.