DRUG STUDY Name of Drug Oxacillin Action Bactericidal: inhibits cell wall synthesis of sensitive organisms causing cell

death Indication Infections due to penicillinaseproducing staphylococci; may be used to initiate treatment when a staphylococci infection is suspected Contraindication Contraindicated with allergies to penicillins, cephalosporins, or other allergens. Use cautiously with renal disorders, pregnancy, lactation Adverse Reaction CNS: Lethargy, hallucinations, seizures GI: Glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, sore mouth, furry or black hairy tongue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, nonspecific hepatitis GU: nephritis-oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria, casts, azotemia, pyuria Hypersensitivity: rash, fever, wheezing, anaphylaxis Local: pain, phlebitis, thrombosis Nursing responsibility Side effects may be experienced, such as: upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea (small frequent meals), mouth sores (perform frequent mouth care) and pain at injection site. Report difficulty of breathing, rashes, severe diarrhea, severe pain at injection site, mouth sores. Finish entire course of therapy as prescribed.

DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Gentamycin

Action Bactericidal: inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible strains of gramnegative bacteria; appears to disrupt functional integrity of bacterial cell membrane, causing cell death

Indication Contraindication Serious Contraindicated infections with allergy to any caused by aminoglycosides susceptible Use cautiously with strains of renal or hepatic Pseudomonas disease; sulfite aeruginosa, sensitivity; preProteus species, E. coli, existing hearing Klebsiellaloss; active Enterobacterinfection with Serratia species, herpes, vaccinia, Citrobacter, varicella, fungal Staphylococcus infections, species mycobacterial Serious infections when infections causative (ophthalmic organisms are preparations); not known myasthenia gravis; (often in parkinsonism; conjunction infant botulism; with a penicillin or burn patients; cephalosporin) lactation, Unlabeled used: pregnancy with clindamycin as alternative regimen in PID.

Adverse Reaction Nursing responsibility CNS: Ototoxicity-tinnitus, Client may experience side effects, such as: dizziness, vertigo, ringing in the ears, deafness (partially headache, dizziness reversible to (reversible; use safety irreversible), vestibular measures if severe), paralysis, confusion, nausea, vomiting, loss of disorientation, appetite (eat frequent depression, lethargy, small meals, perform frequent mouth care) nystagmus, visual disturbances, headache, Report pain at injection site, severe headache, numbness, tingling, dizziness, loss of hearing, tremor, paresthesia, changes in urine pattern, muscle twitching, difficulty breathing, rash seizures, muscular or skin lesions weakness, neuromuscular blockade CV: Palpitations, hypertension, hypotension GI: hepatic toxicity, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, stomatitis, increased salivation

DRUG STUDY Name of Drug Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Action Indication Contraindication Antipyretic: Temporary Allergy to reduction of acetaminophen reduces fever by fever; Use cautiously with acting directly on temporary impaired hepatic the hypothalamic relief of minor function, chronic heat-regulating aches and pains alcoholism, center to cause caused by pregnancy, vasodilation and common cold lactation. and influenza, sweating, which headache, sore helps dissipate throat, heat. toothache Analgesic: site (patient ages 2 and mechanism of years and action unclear older), back ache, menstrual cramps, minor arthritis pain and muscle aches (patients older than 12 years) fever and pain Adverse Reaction CNS: headache CV: chest pain, dyspnea, myocardial damage when doses of 5-8 g/day are ingested daily for several weeks or when doses of 4 g/day are ingested for one year GI: hepatic toxicity and failure, jaundice GU: acute renal failure, renal tubular necrosis Hematologic: methemoglobinemiacyanosis; hemolytic anemia-hematuria, anuria; neutropenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia Hypersensitivity: rash, fever Health Teaching Do not exceed recommended dose; do not take for longer than ten days unless directed by prescriber. Take the drug only for complaints indicated; its not an anti-flammatory agent. Avoid the use of other over-the-counter or prescription preparations containing acetaminophen. Serious overdose can occur. If you need over-thecounter preparation, consult healthcare provider. Report rash, unusual bleeding or bruising, yellowing of skin or eyes, changes in voiding patterns.

Name of Drug Generic name:Omeprazole Brand name:prilosec Dosage: 40mg + PNSS OD

Indication *Severe erosive esophagitis *poorly responsive gastroesophageal reflux disease. *GI Upset

Mechanism of action Omeprazole, like other proton-pump inhibitors, blocks the enzyme in the wall of the stomach that produces acid. By blocking the enzyme, the production of acid is decreased, and this allows the stomach and esophagus to heal.

Side effects diarrhea nausea Vomiting Headaches Rashes Dizziness Weakness leg cramps Water retention occurs infrequently.

Nursing responsibilities *Asses patients condition before starting the therapy. *Be alert to adverse reaction. *If GI reaction occur monitor patients hydration *Give 30 minutes before meals *Monitor intake and output closely and body weight daily

Name of Drug Generic name: Lactulose Brand name: Constulose Dosage: 30ml OD

Indication *constipation

Mechanism of action Produces an osmotic effect in the colon resulting distention promotes peristalsis. Also decrease blood ammonia, probably as a result of bacterial degradation, which decreases the pH of colon contents.

Side effects Abdominal cramps Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Flatulence

Nursing responsibilities *to minimize sweet taste, dilute with water or fruit juice or give with food. *If the edema is not retained for at least 30mins, be prepared for repeat dose. *monitor serum sodium level for possible hypernatremia, especially when giving a higher dose to treat hepatic encephalopathy. *inform client about adverse reactions and tell her to notify doctor if they become bothersome or if diarrhrea occur. *Instruct client not to take other laxatives while lactulose therapy. *store at room temperature, preferably below 89o F or 30O C. dont freeze.