2008

Four thousand years of Jewish history at a glance. Plus a bibliography of the course.

by Rabbi Ken Spiro

Jewish History Timeline

HEBREW YEAR Day 6 930 1056 1656 1948 1996 2018 2048 2108 2216 BEFORE COMMON ERA (BCE) 3761 2830 2704 2104 1812 1764 1742 1712 1652 1544

Creation of Adam Death of Adam Birth of Noah The Flood Birth of Abraham Tower of Babel; dispersion of mankind Covenant between God and Abraham Birth of Isaac Birth of Esau and Jacob Joseph sold into slavery by his brothers

2238 2332 2368 2448 2488 2488 2636 2813 2881 2883 2924 2928 2935 2964 3143 3205 3213 3298 3338 3390 3405 3408 3413 3429 3448 3500 3515 3622 3625 3697 3728 3742

1522 1428 1392 1312 1272 1272 1124 947 879 877 836 832 825 796 617 555 547 462 422 370 355 352 347 331 312 260 245 138 135 63 32 18

Jacob and his family move to Egypt Beginning of Egyptian slavery Birth of Moses Exodus from Egypt; Jews receive the Torah at Mount Sinai Joshua leads Jews into the Promised Land Time of Shoftim (Judges) begins Deborah judges Israel Samson judges Israel Prophet Samuel anoints Saul as king of Israel Prophet Samuel anoints David as king of Israel King Solomon begins his rule Construction of First Temple begins First Temple inaugurated by King Solomon The Kingdom of Israel splits Time of Prophet Isaiah begins Exile of the Ten Tribes by the Assyrian Empire Sennacharib at gates of Jerusalem Time of Prophet Jeremiah begins First Temple destroyed by the Babylonians Persian ruler Cyrus permits the return of Jews to Israel Purim victory Construction of Second Temple Time of the Men of the Great Assembly (410-312 BCE) Alexander the Great reaches Jerusalem Era of prophets ends with death of Simon HaTzaddik Period of Zugot (Pairs) begins Torah (Seputagint) translated into Greek Maccabee Revolt begins Miracle of Chanukah Hasmonean rule begins Roman general Pompeii enters Jerusalem Time of Hillel and Shammai Herod the Great renovates the Second Temple

COMMON ERA (CE) 3790 3826 3830 3833 3892 3895 3896 3950 4066 4128 4236 4260 4382 4398 4500 4527 4687 4800 4856 4891 4900 4904 5002 5027 5050 5108 5155 5200 30 66 70 73 132 135 136 190 306 368 476 500 622 638 740 767 927 1040 1096 1131 1140 1144 1242 1267 1290 1348 1394 1440 Death of Jesus Beginnings of Christianity Great Revolt of the Jews begins Second Temple destroyed by the Romans Fall of Masada Bar Kochba revolt begins Romans crush last Jewish revolt Rabbi Akiva martyred Rabbi Judah HaNasi records the Tradition; time of Tanaim (Teachers) Oral

Roman Emperor Constantine converts to Christianity Jerusalem Talmud compiled Fall of Rome and beginning of Byzantine rule of Israel Babylonian Talmud compiled Time of Amoraim (Explainers) Beginnings of Islam Islamic conquest of Jerusalem Time of Khazar Conversion Karaite sect founded Time of Saadia Gaon Time of Gaonim (Geniuses) Birth of Rashi Time of Rishonim (First Ones) First Crusade Birth of Maimonides Judah HaLevi writes The Kuzari First Blood Libel against Jews in England Burning of Talmud in Paris Nachmanides arrives in Israel Expulsion of Jews from England The Black Plague Expulsion of Jews from France Time of Achronim (Last Ones)

5240 5252 5276 5277 5324 5408 5414 5436 5460 5532 5536 5549 5551

1480 1492 1516 1517 1564 1648 1654 1676 1700 1772 1776 1789 1791

The Inquisition begins in Spain Expulsion of Jews from Spain Columbus discovers America Ottoman Turks conquer the Land of Israel Protestant Reformation; time of Martin Luther Shulchan Aruch Joseph Karo published by Rabbi

Chmielnicki Pogroms in Eastern Europe First Jewish settlement in New Amsterdam (New York) Death of Shabbatai Tzvi, false messiah Birth of Baal Shem Tov, founder of Chassidism Time of Mitnagdim and Vilna Gaon American Revolution French Revolution Time of the Enlightenment France gives civil rights to Jews Russia confines Jews to the Pale of Settlement Yeshiva of Volozhin established Reform Movement founded in Germany American Civil War Russian Czar Alexander II assassinated; Pogroms against Jews Mass immigration America of Russian Jews to

5563 5570 5621 5641 5642 5647 5654 5657 5674 5677 5678 5680 5682 5693 5693

1803 1810 1861 1881 1882 1887 1894 1897 1914 1917 1918 1920 1922 1933 1938

Conservative Movement Founded in America Dreyfus trial in France First Zionist Congress in Basle, Switzerland World War I begins Balfour Declaration End of World War I, Ottoman Empire dissembled; British conquer Jerusalem British Mandate for Palestine begins Country of Jordan created by the British Hitler comes to power Kristallnacht riots against Jews in Germany

5698 5708 5717 5727 5734 5739 5742 5750 5751 5753 5766 5768

1939 1948 1956 1967 1973 1979 1982 1990 1991 1993 2006 2008

World War II and Holocaust begins State of Israel declared and War of Independence Suez Campaign Six Day War Jerusalem Yom Kippur War Israel-Egypt peace treaty Lebanon War Mass Russian immigration to Israel begins Persian Gulf War Oslo Accords Second Lebanon War Israel celebrates 60th Birthday and Reunification of

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