INFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT AND LEGAL PROTECTION IN INDIA A STUDY

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the award of Research Degree in

MASTER OF LAWS
(LAW OF INTELLECTUAL PROPETY RIGHTS)

By

NEELIMA KILARI
Regd No.15411301013 Roll No.001100390049

Research Guide

Dr. N.B.CHANDRAKALA
M.A., M.L., Ph.D. Professor & Head P.G. Department of Law Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam Tirupati 517502

DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY

TIRUPATI 517 502 (A.P.) 2010 - 2012

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled INFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT AND LEGAL PROTECTION IN INDIA A STUDY has been undertaken by me for the award of Degree of Master of Law of SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI. I have completed this work under the guidance of Dr. N. B. CHANDRAKALA, M.A., M.L., Ph.D. Professor & Head of Department of Law, Sri Padmavathi Mahila University, Tirupati. I also declare that the Dissertation has not been previously formed the basis for the award to the candidate of any Degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship, or similar title in this university or any other university.

Place : Tirupati Date : (NEELIMA KILARI) D.No. 2-829, Sri Venkateswara Colony, Kongareddy Palli,Chittoor.

SRI PADMAVATHI MAHILA VISVAVIDYALAYAM

TIRUPATI

Dr. N. B. Chandrakala
M.A., M.L., Ph.D.

Professor & Head Department of Law

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree Of Master Law of Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati is a bonafide record of research work done by Neelima Kilari during the academic year 2011-12 under my guidance and supervision. The dissertation has not previously formed for the award of the candidate any Degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship or similar title of this university or in any other university.

Place : Tirupati Date :

Research Supervisor N.B.CHANDRAKALA

M.A., M.L., Ph.D.

Professor & Head Department of Law Sri Padmavathi Mahila University Tirupati.

ACKNOWELDGEMENTS
My felicity knows no bounds in recording deep sense of gratitude to
Dr.N.B.CHANDRAKALA, M.A., M.L., Ph.D. Professor & Head of Department of law,

Sri Padmavathi Mahila University, Tirupati, who has extended her maximum help in the selection of the topic. I express my deepsense of gratitude to Prof. V.R.KRISHNAIAH, M.A. M.Com. M.L. Ph.D., Head of Department of Law, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. I express my whole hearted gratitude to Dr.T.SITA KUMARI, Associate Professor, Department of Law, Sri Venakteswara Univeristy, TIrupati. I also express my whole hearted gratitude to Sri G.ADINARAYANA, Asst. Professor of Department of Law, S.V. University, Tirupati. I express my sincere thanks to Smt. Dr. G. VARALAKSHMI, M.A., Ph.D., course in charge, Assistant Director, and lecturer, in Directorate of Distance Education, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, for their co-operation in the completion of my dissertation work. I express my deep sense of gratitude to my senior Advocate Sri
M.CHANDRASEKHAR, B.A. B.L., and my husband K. Yugendra Babu for their

support for the completion of this dissertation work. I thank Director DDE and Staff for their co-operation.

Place : Tirupati Date : (NEELIMA KILARI)

CONTENTS NOMINAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.

TITLE GENERAL INTRODUCTION ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF

PAGE NO. 01 09

COPYRIGHT LAW IN INDIA AN APPRAOCH

10 29

3 4 5 6

COPYRIGHT - ANALYSIS OF THE LAW INFRINGEMNET OF COPYRIGHT LEGAL PROTECTION OF COPYRIGHT IN INDIA AND JUDICIAL PERSPECTIVE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHY

30 59 60 73 74 114 115 123 124

CONTENTS
CHAPTERS Chapter-1 CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 General 1.2 Significance of the Problem 1.3 Objectives of Study 1.4 Methodology 1.5 Review of the Literature 1.6 Plan of Study ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF COPYRIGHT LAW IN INDIA AN APPRAOCH Historical Development of Copyright 2.1 Law 2.2 International Conventions 2.3 Copyright Law in USA 2.4 Copyright Law in UK 2.5 Copyright Law in India COPYRIGHT - ANALYSIS OF THE LAW 3.1 Meaning and Definition of Copyright 3.2 Subject Matter of Copyright 3.3 Ownership of Copyright 3.4 Registration of Copyright 3.5 Rights of the Owner of Copyright INFRINGEMNET OF COPYRIGHT 4.1 What is infringement? 4.2 Infringing Copy 4.3 What Constitutes infringement of 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 copyright Common forms of infringement Principles for deciding infringement of copyright Importation of infringing copies What is not infringement of copyright Statutory Exceptions Special Provisions relating to sound recordings and video films Determination of question of copyright Page No. 01 09 01 07 07 08 08 08 10 29

Chapter-2

10 11 15 18 19 30 59 31 37 42 45 55 60 73 60 61 61 61 62 64 65 67 71 72 72 74 114 75 75

Chapter-3

Chapter-4

Chapter-5

infringement 4.11 Lay Observer Test LEGAL PROTECTION OF COPYRIGHT IN INDIA AND JUDICIAL PERSPECTIVE 5.1 Protection of Copyright 5.2 Some works are not protected by

5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8

copyright Secures of copyright Copyright protection endures Copyright protection for performance rights International copyright protection Remedies Civil and Criminal available in India Judicial Perspective - Some Case Laws decided by Supreme Court and High

76 77 78 83 83 93

Chapter-6

Courts till date CONCLUSION 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Suggestions BIBLIOGRAPHY

115 123 115 120 124

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AIR IPR SC HC SCC AP PC PTC WTO PCT R&D TRIPS ALL INDIA REPORT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS SUPREME COURT HIGH COURT SUPREME COURT CASES ANDHRA PRADESH PRIVY COUNCIL PATENTS AND TRADEMARK CASES WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION PATENT CO-OPERATION TREATY RESEARCH AND DESIGN TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS URAA GATT CFR FCS SACEM URUGUARY ROUND AGREEMENT ACT GENERAL AGREEMENT OF TARIFF AND TRADE CODE OF FERAL REGULATIONS FISICAL CONTROL SECTION THE SOCIAFTAT AUTEURS COMPOSITEURES ET EDITEURSELE MUSIQUE MPA CLA APRA ASCAP MUSICAL PUBLISHER ASSOCIATION COPY RIGHT LICENSING AGENCY AUSTRALIAN PERFORMING RIGHTS AGENCY AMERICAN SOCIETY OF COMPOSERS AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS BMI FIR SHO BOARD COST MUSIC INCORPORATED FIRST INFORMATION REPORT STATIONHOUSE OFFICER

WIPO TPM DRM

WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION TECHNOLOGICAL PROTECTION MEASURES DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENTS

LIST OF CASE LAWS

1. Gramophone Company of India Ltd.Vs.Birendra Bahadur Pandey & others 1984 AIR 667 SC
2.

A. Susiah V.S. Muniswamy AIR 1966 Mad 175

3. Lamba Brothers Pvt. Ltd V. Lamba Brothers, AIR 1993 Del 347 4. Ratna Sagar (P) Ltd., V. Trisea Publications, 1996 PTC (16) 597

5. Gramophone Co. of India Ltd.Vs.Mars Recording Pvt. Ltd. AIR 2001 SC 2885
6. Vicco Laboratories Vs. Art Commercial Advertising Pvt. Ltd. & Others AIR

2001 SC 2753
7. Exphar SA V. Eupharma Laboratories Ltd., (23004) 3 SCC 688 8. Diljeet Titus, Advocate V. Alfred A. Adebare, (2006) 32 PTC 609 9. Microfibres Inc. V. Girdhar & Co., (2006) 32 PTC (Del) 10. Neha Bhasin V. Anand Raj Anand, (2006) 32 PTC 779 11. Syndicate of Press of University of Cambridge V. Kasturi Lal, (2006) 32 PTC

12. Dabur India Ltd Vs. K.R. Industries Manu/SC 2244/2008. AIR 2008 SC 3123
13. M/s Entertainment Network Ltd. Vs. M/s Super Cassette Ltd. AIR 1445 SC

2008
14. Babbar Wreckers Private Ltd.Vs.Ashok Leyland Ltd. & Others AIR 2011 PTC

164 15. N. Ranga Rao & Sons Vs.Koya's Perfumery works 2011 PTC 140 madras 16. Castrol Limited Vs.Union of India & another 2011 PTC 280 17. SAP Akfingesell schaft & another Vs. Sadia Pasha Proprietor,M/s Neologik India SC 2011
18. Saregama India Ltd Vs Balaji Telefilms Ltd. & Ors Calcutta High Court on 18

April, 2012 Pending

I express my gratitude to Dr. K. RAVI SANKAR, Academic Consultant and Dr. K. SUNITHA, Academic Consultant, Sri Padmavathi Mahila University, Tirupati for their help in completion of the dissertation.